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Mohammadi-Kordkhayli M, Sahraian MA, Ghorbani S, Mansouri F, Talebi F, Noorbakhsh F, Saboor-Yaraghi AA. Vitamins A and D Enhance the Expression of Ror-γ-Targeting miRNAs in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5853-5865. [PMID: 37353624 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Autoreactive T cells, particularly those characterized by a Th17 phenotype, exert significant influence on the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The present study aimed to elucidate the impact of individual and combined administration of vitamin A and D on neuroinflammation, and microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in T helper (Th)17 development, utilizing a murine model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice, and 3 days prior to immunization, intraperitoneal injections of vitamins A and D or their combination were administered. Th17 cell percentages were determined in splenocytes utilizing intracellular staining and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression of Ror γ-t, miR-98-5p and Let-7a-5p, was measured in both splenocytes and spinal cord tissues using RT-PCR. Treatment with vitamin A and D resulted in a reduction in both disease severity in EAE mice. Treated mice showed a decreased frequency of Th17 cells and lower expression levels of IL17 and Ror γ-t in splenocytes and spinal cord. The spinal cord tissues and splenocytes of mice treated with vitamins A, D, and combined A+D showed a significant upregulation of miR-98-5p and Let-7a-5p compared to the EAE group. Statistical analysis indicated a strong negative correlation between miR-98-5p and Let-7a-5p levels in splenocytes and Ror-t expression. Our findings indicate that the administration of vitamins A and D exerts a suppressive effect on neuroinflammation in EAE that is associated with a reduction in the differentiation of T cells into the Th17 phenotype and is mediated by the upregulation of miR-98-5p and Let-7a-5p, which target the Ror γ-t.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Mohammadi-Kordkhayli
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mohammad Ali Sahraian
- Sina MS Research Center, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Ghorbani
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Mansouri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Talebi
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Cohen Y, Valdés-Mas R, Elinav E. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Deciphering Diet-Disease Relationships: Case Studies. Annu Rev Nutr 2023; 43:225-250. [PMID: 37207358 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-061121-090535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Modernization of society from a rural, hunter-gatherer setting into an urban and industrial habitat, with the associated dietary changes, has led to an increased prevalence of cardiometabolic and additional noncommunicable diseases, such as cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and neurodegenerative and autoimmune disorders. However, while dietary sciences have been rapidly evolving to meet these challenges, validation and translation of experimental results into clinical practice remain limited for multiple reasons, including inherent ethnic, gender, and cultural interindividual variability, among other methodological, dietary reporting-related, and analytical issues. Recently, large clinical cohorts with artificial intelligence analytics have introduced new precision and personalized nutrition concepts that enable one to successfully bridge these gaps in a real-life setting. In this review, we highlight selected examples of case studies at the intersection between diet-disease research and artificial intelligence. We discuss their potential and challenges and offer an outlook toward the transformation of dietary sciences into individualized clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yotam Cohen
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel;
| | - Rafael Valdés-Mas
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel;
| | - Eran Elinav
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel;
- Division of Microbiome & Cancer, National German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany;
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Touil H, Mounts K, De Jager PL. Differential impact of environmental factors on systemic and localized autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147447. [PMID: 37283765 PMCID: PMC10239830 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of environmental factors on the development of autoimmune disease is being broadly investigated to better understand the multifactorial nature of autoimmune pathogenesis and to identify potential areas of intervention. Areas of particular interest include the influence of lifestyle, nutrition, and vitamin deficiencies on autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. In this review, we discuss how particular lifestyles and dietary patterns may contribute to or modulate autoimmunity. We explored this concept through a spectrum of several autoimmune diseases including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Alopecia Areata (AA) affecting the central nervous system, whole body, and the hair follicles, respectively. A clear commonality between the autoimmune conditions of interest here is low Vitamin D, a well-researched hormone in the context of autoimmunity with pleiotropic immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. While low levels are often correlated with disease activity and progression in MS and AA, the relationship is less clear in SLE. Despite strong associations with autoimmunity, we lack conclusive evidence which elucidates its role in contributing to pathogenesis or simply as a result of chronic inflammation. In a similar vein, other vitamins impacting the development and course of these diseases are explored in this review, and overall diet and lifestyle. Recent work exploring the effects of dietary interventions on MS showed that a balanced diet was linked to improvement in clinical parameters, comorbid conditions, and overall quality of life for patients. In patients with MS, SLE and AA, certain diets and supplements are linked to lower incidence and improved symptoms. Conversely, obesity during adolescence was linked with higher incidence of MS while in SLE it was associated with organ damage. Autoimmunity is thought to emerge from the complex interplay between environmental factors and genetic background. Although the scope of this review focuses on environmental factors, it is imperative to elaborate the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environment due to the multifactorial origin of these disease. Here, we offer a comprehensive review about the influence of recent environmental and lifestyle factors on these autoimmune diseases and potential translation into therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Touil
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kristin Mounts
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Philip Lawrence De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Columbia Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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Nasl-Khameneh AM, Mirshafiey A, Moghadasi AN, Yekaninejad MS, Parastouei K, Nejati S, Saboor-Yaraghi AA. The immunomodulatory effects of all-trans retinoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid combination treatment on the expression of IL-2, IL-4, T-bet, and GATA3 genes in PBMCs of multiple sclerosis patients. Neurol Res 2023; 45:510-519. [PMID: 36598970 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2022.2162222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a potentially disabling autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Neither the pathogenesis nor the effectiveness of treatment of MS has been fully understood. This in vitro trial evaluated the beneficial immunomodulatory effects of single and combined treatments of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients who were receiving interferon beta (IFN-β). METHODS The PBMCs of 15 RRMS patients were isolated, cultured, and treated with single and combined treatments of ATRA and DHA. The expressions of IL-2, IL-4, T-bet, and GATA3 genes were evaluated using real-time PCR. RESULTS The results showed that a single treatment of ATRA could significantly suppress the gene expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-2 (P < 0.05), and related transcription factor, T-bet (P < 0.001). The gene expression level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-4, and its transcription factor, GATA3, were not significantly changed. The expression of IL-2 and T-bet genes was significantly decreased in combination treatments of ATRA and DHA (P < 0.001). Significant suppression of IL-2 and T-bet (P < 0.001) was observed in ATRA and DHA combination therapy with half doses of their single treatment, which suggested a synergistic effect of these components. DISCUSSION Co-administration of vitamin A and DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid derivative, may exert a synergistic effect in modulating the immune system in MS patients; however, more studies are needed to evaluate the exact effects and mechanism of their actions on the immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ateke Mousavi Nasl-Khameneh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Mirshafiey
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi
- Department of Neurology and MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karim Parastouei
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Nejati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Alhaj OA, Trabelsi K, Younes AM, Shivappa N, Bragazzi NL, Hebert JR, Jahrami HA. Diet-related inflammation increases the odds of multiple sclerosis: Results from a large population-based prevalent case-control study in Jordan. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1098883. [PMID: 37090771 PMCID: PMC10113660 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1098883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease in young and middle-aged adults, is one of the leading causes of non-traumatic disability in adults. Diet is known to have an important role in the modulating inflammatory processes and influencing molecular pathways. Purpose This study aims to examine the association of the inflammatory capacity of diet measured by DII with MS in Jordan. Methods This prevalent case-control study included participants of both sexes, aged between 20 and 60 years. The cases (n = 541) had a confirmed diagnosis of prevalent Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in the previous 3 years, and controls (n = 607) were apparently healthy individuals matched on sex and age (42 ± 4 years). A validated Arabic food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was utilized to obtain estimated dietary intake. Dietary data from the FFQ were analyzed using ESHA's Food Processor® nutrition analysis software, and the results were used to calculate the DII scores. Logistic regression analyses, controlling for covariates such as age, sex, body mass index, and smoking status, were used to measure the association between DII score and MS outcomes. Results Cases represent a mixed sample of MS phenotypes and controls were comparable on age and sex. However, controls tended to be taller, lighter, had a lower BMI, and had a lower smoking rate. After controlling for age, BMI, sex, and smoking status, there was a consistent increase in MS risk according to DII score, with a 10-fold increase in odds in quartile 4 vs. quartile 1 [ORquartile 4vs1 = 10.17 (95% CI: 6.88; 15.04)]. For each point increase in DII score, there was nearly a doubling of odds [OR1 = 1.75 (95% CI: 1.59; 1.92)]. Individual nutrients and food values aligned according to their contribution to the DII score calculations. Conclusion The findings of this study, obtained in MS patients with varied illness duration over the previous 3 years, are consistent with an association between the overall inflammatory potential of diet and MS odds. Our findings among MS participants showed a significantly more pro-inflammatory DII scores than age- and sex-matched controls. Our results also suggest that MS group had a diet rich in pro-inflammatory foods and nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A. Alhaj
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Nitin Shivappa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- The Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Nicola L. Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma Medical School, Parma, Italy
- Nicola L. Bragazzi,
| | - James R. Hebert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- The Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Haitham A. Jahrami
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
- Ministry of Health, Government Hospitals, Manama, Bahrain
- *Correspondence: Haitham A. Jahrami,
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Mustafa Khalid N, Haron H, Shahar S, Fenech M. Current Evidence on the Association of Micronutrient Malnutrition with Mild Cognitive Impairment, Frailty, and Cognitive Frailty among Older Adults: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15722. [PMID: 36497797 PMCID: PMC9736259 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient malnutrition is thought to play an important role in the cause of cognitive impairment and physical frailty. The purpose of this scoping review was to map current evidence on the association between micronutrient deficiency in blood and mild cognitive impairment, frailty, and cognitive frailty among older adults. The scoping review was conducted based on the 2005 methodological framework by Arksey and O'Malley. The search strategy for potential literature on micronutrient concentration in blood and cognitive frailty was retrieved based on the keywords using electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Ovid, and Science Direct) from January 2010 to December 2021. Gray literature was also included in the searches. A total of 4310 articles were retrieved and 43 articles were incorporated in the review. Findings revealed a trend of significant association between low levels of B vitamins (folate and vitamin B12), vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin E, omega 3 fatty acid, and albumin, and high homocysteine levels in blood with an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment among older adults. The results also indicated that low vitamin D levels, albumin, and antioxidants (lutein and zeaxanthin) in blood were significantly associated with frailty among older adults, while β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin in blood were inversely associated with the risk of cognitive frailty. Vitamin D and antioxidants seemed to be targeted nutrients for the prevention of cognitive frailty. In conclusion, a wide range of micronutrient deficiency was associated with either mild cognitive impairment or frailty; however, little evidence exists on the dual impairment, i.e., cognitive frailty. This scoping review can serve as preliminary evidence for the association between micronutrient deficiency in blood and mild cognitive impairment, frailty, and cognitive frailty among older adults and prove the relevancy of the topic for future systematic reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norhayati Mustafa Khalid
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Haron
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Michael Fenech
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA 5048, Australia
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Amon U, Yaguboglu R, Ennis M, Holick MF, Amon J. Safety Data in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases during Treatment with High Doses of Vitamin D3 According to the “Coimbra Protocol”. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081575. [PMID: 35458137 PMCID: PMC9033096 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In 2013, the group of Cicero Coimbra, Brazil, reported the clinical efficacy of high doses of vitamin D3 in patients suffering from autoimmune skin disorders (“Coimbra protocol”, CP). However, hypercalcemia and the subsequent impaired renal function may be major concerns raised against this protocol. Methods: We report for the first time for a broad spectrum of autoimmune diseases in 319 patients (mean age (±SD) 43.3 ± 14.6 years, 65.5% female, 34.5% male) safety data for high doses of orally applied vitamin D3 (treatment period: up to 3.5 years) accompanied by a strict low-calcium diet and regular daily fluid intake of at least 2.5 L. Results: Mean vitamin D3 dose was 35,291 ± 21,791 IU per day. The measurement of more than 6100 single relevant laboratory parameters showed all mean values (±SD) within the normal range for total serum calcium (2.4 ± 0.1 mmol/L), serum creatinine (0.8 ± 0.2 mg/dL), serum creatinine associated estimated GFR (92.5 ± 17.3 mL/min), serum cystatin C (0.88 ± 0.19 mg/L), serum TSH (1.8 ± 1 mIU/L), and for 24 h urinary calcium secretion (6.9 ± 3.3 mmol/24 h). We found a very weak relationship between the dosage of oral vitamin D3 and the subsequent calcium levels, both in serum and in urinary excretion over 24 h, respectively. Conclusions: Our data show the reliable safety of the CP in autoimmune patients under appropriate supervision by experienced physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Amon
- International Centre for Skin Diseases DermAllegra, Coimbra Protocol Certified Center, Am Markgrafenpark 6, 91224 Pommelsbrunn-Hohenstadt, Germany; (R.Y.); (J.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9154-914056; Fax: +49-9154-914058
| | - Raul Yaguboglu
- International Centre for Skin Diseases DermAllegra, Coimbra Protocol Certified Center, Am Markgrafenpark 6, 91224 Pommelsbrunn-Hohenstadt, Germany; (R.Y.); (J.A.)
| | - Madeleine Ennis
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queens University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK;
| | - Michael F. Holick
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition & Weight Management, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Julian Amon
- International Centre for Skin Diseases DermAllegra, Coimbra Protocol Certified Center, Am Markgrafenpark 6, 91224 Pommelsbrunn-Hohenstadt, Germany; (R.Y.); (J.A.)
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Research Progress in Vitamin A and Autism Spectrum Disorder. Behav Neurol 2021; 2021:5417497. [PMID: 34917197 PMCID: PMC8670912 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5417497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder. Over the past few decades, many studies have investigated the effects of VA supplementation in ASD patients and the relationship between vitamin A (VA) levels and ASD. VA is an essential micronutrient that plays an important role in various systems and biological processes in the form of retinoic acid (RA). Recent studies have shown that serum VA concentration is negatively correlated with the severity of ASD. The lack of VA during pregnancy or early fetal development can affect brain development and lead to long-term or even permanent impairment in the learning process, memory formation, and cognitive function. In addition, VA deficiency has been reported to have a major impact on the gastrointestinal function of children with ASD, while VA supplementation has been shown to improve the symptoms of ASD to a certain extent. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the relationship between VA and ASD.
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Mishra S, Singh VJ, Chawla PA, Chawla V. Neuroprotective Role of Nutritional Supplementation in Athletes. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:129-142. [PMID: 34886789 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666211209144721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative disorders belong to different classes of progressive/chronic conditions that affect the peripheral/central nervous system. It has been shown through studies that athletes who play sports involving repeated head trauma and sub-concussive impacts are more likely to experience neurological impairments and neurodegenerative disorders in the long run. AIMS The aim of the current narrative review article is to provide a summary of various nutraceuticals that offer promise in the prevention or management of sports-related injuries, especially concussions and mild traumatic brain injuries. METHODS This article reviews the various potential nutraceutical agents and their possible mechanisms in providing a beneficial effect in the injury recovery process. A thorough survey of the literature was carried out in the relevant databases to identify studies published in recent years. In the present article, we have also highlighted the major neurological disorders along with the associated nutraceutical(s) therapy in the management of disorders. RESULTS The exact pathological mechanism behind neurodegenerative conditions is complex as well as idiopathic. However, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress as well as intracellular calcium overload are some common reasons responsible for the progression of these neurodegenerative disorders. Owing to the multifaceted effects of nutraceuticals (complementary medicine), these supplements have gained importance as neuroprotective. These diet-based approaches inhibit different pathways in a physiological manner without eliciting adverse effects. Food habits and lifestyle of an individual also affect neurodegeneration. CONCLUSION Studies have shown nutraceuticals (such as resveratrol, omega-3-fatty acids) to be efficacious in terms of their neuroprotection against several neurodegenerative disorders and to be used as supplements in the management of traumatic brain injuries. Protection prior to injuries is needed since concussions or sub-concussive impacts may trigger several pathophysiological responses or cascades that can lead to long-term complications associated with CNS. Thus, the use of nutraceuticals as prophylactic treatment for neurological interventions has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, Delhi-NCR. India
| | - Vikram Jeet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab. India
| | - Pooja A Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab. India
| | - Viney Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot-151203, Punjab. India
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Rai SN, Singh P, Steinbusch HW, Vamanu E, Ashraf G, Singh MP. The Role of Vitamins in Neurodegenerative Disease: An Update. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1284. [PMID: 34680401 PMCID: PMC8533313 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquiring the recommended daily allowance of vitamins is crucial for maintaining homeostatic balance in humans and other animals. A deficiency in or dysregulation of vitamins adversely affects the neuronal metabolism, which may lead to neurodegenerative diseases. In this article, we discuss how novel vitamin-based approaches aid in attenuating abnormal neuronal functioning in neurodegeneration-based brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Prion disease. Vitamins show their therapeutic activity in Parkinson's disease by antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, different water- and lipid-soluble vitamins have also prevented amyloid beta and tau pathology. On the other hand, some results also show no correlation between vitamin action and the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Some vitamins also exhibit toxic activity too. This review discusses both the beneficial and null effects of vitamin supplementation for neurological disorders. The detailed mechanism of action of both water- and lipid-soluble vitamins is addressed in the manuscript. Hormesis is also an essential factor that is very helpful to determine the effective dose of vitamins. PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were employed to conduct the literature search of original articles, review articles, and meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachchida Nand Rai
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India;
| | - Payal Singh
- Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
| | - Harry W.M. Steinbusch
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, The University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, 59 Marasti blvd, 1 District, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ghulam Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohan Prasad Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India;
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Ferorelli P, Antonelli F, Shevchenko A, Mischiati C, Doepp M, Lenzi S, Borromeo I, Feriotto G, Beninati S. Reduction in Fatigue Symptoms Following the Administration of Nutritional Supplements in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Med Sci (Basel) 2021; 9:52. [PMID: 34287336 PMCID: PMC8293375 DOI: 10.3390/medsci9030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in immune-modulatory drugs, pharmacological therapies have been proven ineffective in severe presentations of multiple sclerosis (MS), including secondary progressive MS. At present, therapeutic interventions' performance is primarily focused on ameliorating symptoms to improve the patient's quality of life (QOL). Among complementary treatments, nutrition has been considered a decisive factor to control symptoms and enhance the wellness of MS patients. Although no special diets are associated with MS, the impact of diet and dietary supplements on the course of progressive forms of the disease has been studied during the last few years. Fatigue is among the most common and disabling symptoms reported by MS patients. Fatigue has been defined in the Multiple Sclerosis Council for Clinical Practice Guidelines (MSCCPG, 1998) as a "subjective lack of physical and/or mental energy that the individual perceives as an interference with habitual and desired activities". This study aimed to compare the psychometric functioning of the "Fatigue Severity Scale" (FSS) and the "Modified Fatigue Impact Scale" (MFIS) in our sample of people with MS. Specifically, during chronic treatment, the change in these two parameters with two vitamin-rich dietary supplements (Citozym® and Ergozym®) was evaluated. The impact of these nutritional supplements revealed differences in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory parameters among the volunteers in the treatment group, with a subsequent improvement in fatigue. In conclusion, the results obtained have confirmed the effectiveness of complementary nutritional therapies, evaluated essentially based on hematological biomarkers, through which it is possible to act on disability to improve the QOL of MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Shevchenko
- Department of Pharmacology, Kabardine University, 101000 Nalchik, Russia;
| | - Carlo Mischiati
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Manfred Doepp
- Department of Psychology and Sports Science, Giessen Justus, Liebig University Gießen, 35398 Gießen, Germany;
| | - Stefano Lenzi
- Department of Health Engineering, Université Européenne de Bruxelles Jean Monnet, Schaerbeek, 1030 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Ilaria Borromeo
- Department of Physics, University of Tor Vergata, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giordana Feriotto
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Simone Beninati
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00100 Rome, Italy
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12
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The Role of Dietary Nutrients in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147417. [PMID: 34299037 PMCID: PMC8303934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerves are highly susceptible to injuries induced from everyday activities such as falling or work and sport accidents as well as more severe incidents such as car and motorcycle accidents. Many efforts have been made to improve nerve regeneration, but a satisfactory outcome is still unachieved, highlighting the need for easy to apply supportive strategies for stimulating nerve growth and functional recovery. Recent focus has been made on the effect of the consumed diet and its relation to healthy and well-functioning body systems. Normally, a balanced, healthy daily diet should provide our body with all the needed nutritional elements for maintaining correct function. The health of the central and peripheral nervous system is largely dependent on balanced nutrients supply. While already addressed in many reviews with different focus, we comprehensively review here the possible role of different nutrients in maintaining a healthy peripheral nervous system and their possible role in supporting the process of peripheral nerve regeneration. In fact, many dietary supplements have already demonstrated an important role in peripheral nerve development and regeneration; thus, a tailored dietary plan supplied to a patient following nerve injury could play a non-negotiable role in accelerating and promoting the process of nerve regeneration.
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13
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Zhou P, Wolraich ML, Cao AH, Jia FY, Liu B, Zhu L, Liu Y, Li X, Li C, Peng B, Yang T, Chen J, Cheng Q, Li T, Chen L. Adjuvant effects of vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation on treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a study protocol for a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicentric trial in China. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050541. [PMID: 34135055 PMCID: PMC8211063 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately 7.2% of children in the world suffer from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Due to the availability of the osmotic-release oral-system methylphenidate, ADHD currently has a remission rate of up to 30.72%. Nevertheless, it has been reported that patients with ADHD tend to exhibit vitamin A and vitamin D deficiency, which may aggravate the symptoms of ADHD. This study aims to determine the effect of vitamin A and vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to methylphenidate on the symptoms of ADHD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a parallel, prospective, interventional multicentric study. Patients will be enrolled from the southern, central and northern parts of China. A target of 504 patients will be followed for 8 weeks. They will be allocated into three groups (vitamin AD, vitamin D and placebo) and administered the interventions accordingly. Data on changes in the symptoms of ADHD as well as changes in the serum concentrations of vitamin A and vitamin D will be recorded. Both responders and nonresponders based on the sociodemographic and clinical data will also be described to mitigate selection bias. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (approval number: (2019) IRB (STUDY) number 262). The results of the trial will be reported in peer-reviewed scientific journals and academic conferences regardless of the outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04284059.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mark Lee Wolraich
- Section of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Ai-Hua Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Yong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Clinical Pharmacy Research, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfang Liu
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Child Care, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Peng
- School of Public Health and Management, Department of Health Statistics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingyu Li
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Division of Growth, Development and Mental health of Children and Adolescence, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Himalian R, Singh SK, Singh MP. Ameliorative Role of Nutraceuticals on Neurodegenerative Diseases Using the Drosophila melanogaster as a Discovery Model to Define Bioefficacy. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:511-539. [PMID: 34125661 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1904305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is the destruction of neurons, and once the neurons degenerate they can't revive. This is one of the most concerned health conditions among aged population, more than ∼70% of the elderly people are suffering from neurodegeneration. Among all of the neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Poly-glutamine disease (Poly-Q) are the major one and affecting most of the people around the world and posing excessive burden on the society. In order to understand this disease in non-human animal models it is pertinent to examine in model organism and various animal model are being used for such diseases like rat, mice and non-vertebrate model like Drosophila. Drosophila melanogaster is one of the best animal proven by several eminent scientist and had received several Nobel prizes for uncovering mechanism of human related genes and highly efficient model for studying neurodegenerative diseases due to its great affinity with human disease-related genes. Another factor is also employed to act as therapeutic or preventive method that is nutraceuticals. Nutraceuticals are functional natural compounds with antioxidant properties and had extensively showed the neuroprotective effect in different organisms. These nutraceuticals having antioxidant properties act through scavenging free radicals or by increasing endogenous cellular antioxidant defense molecules. For the best benefit, we are trying to utilize these nutraceuticals, which will have no or negligible side effects. In this review, we are dealing with various types of such nutraceuticals which have potent value in the prevention and curing of the diseases related to neurodegeneration.HighlightsNeurodegeneration is the silently progressing disease which shows its symptoms when it is well rooted.Many chemical drugs (almost all) have only symptomatic relief with side effects.Potent mechanism of neurodegeneration and improvement effect by nutraceuticals is proposed.Based on the Indian Cuisine scientists are trying to find the medicine from the food or food components having antioxidant properties.The best model to study the neurodegenerative diseases is Drosophila melanogaster.Many nutraceuticals having antioxidant properties have been studied and attenuated various diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Himalian
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Indian Scientific Education and Technology (ISET) Foundation, Lucknow, India
| | - Mahendra Pratap Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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15
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Ruschil C, Dubois E, Stefanou MI, Kowarik MC, Ziemann U, Schittenhelm M, Krumbholz M, Bischof F. Treatment of progressive multiple sclerosis with high-dose all-trans retinoic acid - no clear evidence of positive disease modifying effects. Neurol Res Pract 2021; 3:25. [PMID: 33966627 PMCID: PMC8108354 DOI: 10.1186/s42466-021-00121-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is an acid derivative of vitamin A which is discussed as a promising candidate to ameliorate the disease course of multiple sclerosis (MS) by immunomodulation or even by promoting regeneration in progressive MS. Here we report a patient who significantly improved for MS related disability following administration of chemotherapy including ATRA for mitoxantrone-related acute promyelocytic leukemia and assess the effect of high-dose ATRA in three additional patients with progressive MS. METHODS Patients with progressive MS who had failed previous therapies were treated with high-dose ATRA. Patients underwent clinical and routine laboratory monitoring. Additionally, PBMCs were analyzed by flow cytometry for lymphocyte subsets. RESULTS ATRA was well tolerated and no pathological laboratory abnormalities were observed. After initial mild (not statistically significant) improvement of EDSS and mean MSFC z-score, ongoing disease progression was observed. One patient subacutely experienced severe cognitive and motor worsening. Cerebral MRI revealed persistent gadolinium-enhancing lesions. Flow cytometric alterations of peripheral blood naïve, central memory and effector memory CD4 and CD8 T cells, B lymphocytes, plasma cells, memory B cells, plasmablasts and natural killer (NK) cells did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Stand-alone therapy with ATRA did not ameliorate progressive MS in our limited cohort and we did not observe consistent alterations of T and B cell subsets. Intriguingly, application of ATRA may have caused marked disease exacerbation in one patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Ruschil
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Evelyn Dubois
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria-Ioanna Stefanou
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Christian Kowarik
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulf Ziemann
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Schittenhelm
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Markus Krumbholz
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felix Bischof
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Nervenärztliche Gemeinschaftspraxis, Konrad-Zuse-Str. 14, Böblingen, Germany
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16
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Behl T, Kaur G, Sehgal A, Singh S, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Zengin G, Bungau SG, Munteanu MA, Brisc MC, Andronie-Cioara FL, Brisc C. Elucidating the Multi-Targeted Role of Nutraceuticals: A Complementary Therapy to Starve Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4045. [PMID: 33919895 PMCID: PMC8070907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying multifactorial diseases are always complex and challenging. Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are common around the globe, posing a critical healthcare issue and financial burden to the country. However, integrative evidence implies some common shared mechanisms and pathways in NDs, which include mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, intracellular calcium overload, protein aggregates, oxidative stress (OS), and neuronal destruction in specific regions of the brain, owing to multifaceted pathologies. The co-existence of these multiple pathways often limits the advantages of available therapies. The nutraceutical-based approach has opened the doors to target these common multifaceted pathways in a slow and more physiological manner to starve the NDs. Peer-reviewed articles were searched via MEDLINE and PubMed published to date for in-depth research and database collection. Considered to be complementary therapy with current clinical management and common drug therapy, the intake of nutraceuticals is considered safe to target multiple mechanisms of action in NDs. The current review summarizes the popular nutraceuticals showing different effects (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuro-protectant, mitochondrial homeostasis, neurogenesis promotion, and autophagy regulation) on vital molecular mechanisms involved in NDs, which can be considered as complementary therapy to first-line treatment. Moreover, owing to its natural source, lower toxicity, therapeutic interventions, biocompatibility, potential nutritional effects, and presence of various anti-oxidative and neuroprotective constituents, the nutraceuticals serve as an attractive option to tackle NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh 160009, India; (T.B.); (G.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh 160009, India; (T.B.); (G.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh 160009, India; (T.B.); (G.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh 160009, India; (T.B.); (G.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa, Oman; (S.B.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa, Oman; (S.B.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey;
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Mihai Alexandru Munteanu
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (M.A.M.); (M.C.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Mihaela Cristina Brisc
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (M.A.M.); (M.C.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Ciprian Brisc
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (M.A.M.); (M.C.B.); (C.B.)
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17
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Tredinnick AR, Probst YC. Evaluating the Effects of Dietary Interventions on Disease Progression and Symptoms of Adults with Multiple Sclerosis: An Umbrella Review. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:1603-1615. [PMID: 32504530 PMCID: PMC7666914 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. The role of diet in the progression of MS and severity of symptoms remains unclear. Various systematic literature reviews (SRs) have reported the effects of single nutrients on MS progression or the role of dietary factors on specific symptoms of MS. Narrative reviews have examined the effects of various dietary patterns in MS populations. An umbrella review was undertaken to collate the findings from review articles and evaluate the strength of the scientific evidence of dietary interventions for people living with MS. Scientific databases including MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library were systematically searched up to April 2019. Review articles and meta-analyses were included if they examined the effect of any dietary intervention in adult populations with MS. Outcomes included MS progression indicated by relapses, disability, MRI activity and disease classification, and MS symptoms. Characteristics and findings from both review articles and their included primary studies were extracted and summarized. A total of 19 SRs and 43 narrative reviews were included. Vitamin D and PUFAs were the most commonly studied interventions. Across SR studies, vitamin D supplementation had no significant effect on relapses, MRI, or disability progression; however, an inverse association was found between vitamin D status and disability scores through observational studies. Effects of PUFA supplementation on major outcomes of MS progression were inconsistent across review articles. Other interventions less commonly studied included vitamin, mineral, and herbal supplementation and varying dietary patterns. Strong consistent evidence is lacking for dietary interventions in persons with MS. The body of evidence is primarily focused around the isolation of individual nutrients, many of which demonstrate no effect on major outcomes of MS progression. Stronger food-focused studies are required to strengthen the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey R Tredinnick
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yasmine C Probst
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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18
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Parastouei K, Solaymani-Mohammadi F, Shiri-Shahsavar MR, Chahardoli R, Nasl-Khameneh AM, Zarandi MB, Ghotloo S, Saboor-Yaraghi AA. The effect of calcitriol and all-trans retinoic acid on T-bet, IFN-γ, GATA3 and IL-4 genes expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. APMIS 2020; 128:583-592. [PMID: 32865844 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease which affects the central nervous system (CNS). In the present study, the in vivo effects of ATRA, calcitriol, and their combinations on the expression of murine CD4+ T cell cytokines and their specific transcription factors in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)-induced mice were explored. Thirty-two EAE induced inbred C57BL/6 female mice with an age ranged from 8 to 10 weeks were divided into four categories in a random manner. The first, second, and third groups received ATRA, calcitriol, ATRA+ calcitriol, respectively, and the fourth group received vehicle. The treatment started on the day prior to immunization and through the IP injections every other days for 21 days. The dosages of administration for calcitriol, ATRA, and calcitriol+ ATRA were 100 ng, 250 μg, and 50ng + 125 μg, respectively per mouse. An equal volume of excipient was administered for the vehicle group. T-bet, IFN-γ, GATA-3, and IL-4 genes expression were assessed in the splenocytes of EAE -induced mice. The expression of T-bet and IFN-γ genes in the splenocytes of ATRA, calcitriol and combination- treated mice were significantly reduced compared to vehicle group (p < 0.05). A significant decrease in T-bet expression was observed in the combination-treated group compared to the ATRA-treated group (p < 0.05). The expression of GATA3 and IL-4 genes was significantly increased in the ATRA-, calcitriol-, and combination-treated mice when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the effect of calcitriol alone and in combination with ATRA was more considerable than that of ATRA alone. The nutraceutical approaches may be promising in the prevention and/or treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Parastouei
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Reza Chahardoli
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Borhani Zarandi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ghotloo
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Dietary influence on central nervous system myelin production, injury, and regeneration. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165779. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Abdollahpour I, Nedjat S, Salimi Y, Mansournia MA, Vahid F, Weinstock-Guttman B. The role of dietary antioxidant index and index of nutritional quality in MS onset: finding from an Iranian population-based incident case–control study. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:379-386. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1755792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abdollahpour
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saharnaz Nedjat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yahya Salimi
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Vahid
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Bianca Weinstock-Guttman
- Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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21
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Nunes ACDF, Piuvezam G. Nutritional supplementation of vitamin A and health-related outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16043. [PMID: 31232938 PMCID: PMC6636979 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune mediated disease which affects the central nervous system (CNS), having a substantial financial, functional, and quality of life (QOL) impact on these people. The vitamin A supplementation has been studied as a therapeutic possibility for in MS. Therefore, the objective of this protocol is to build an outline for a future systematic review, which will provide up-to-date available evidence about the clinical impact of nutritional supplementation of vitamin A in the outcomes related to the symptoms in patients with this pathology. METHODS The search will be performed in the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, cinahl, Scielo, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and Science Direct, randomized clinical trials published until May 2019 that evaluate the relationship of the supplementation of vitamin A and health-related outcomes in patients with MS will be included. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) will be used to outline the protocol, and PRISMA to the systematic review. Undergraduate handbook of quality of evidence and strength of recommendations for decision making in health (GRADE) will be used to assess the quality of evidence and the strength of the recommendation, and the JADAD scale to assess the internal validity of selected studies. For the extraction of all the data found a database in Microsoft Excel will be created. For the summary of the findings the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook recommendations will be used, and for the meta-analysis standard statistical techniques the RevMan software will be used. RESULTS In this study, we hope to find a considerable number of articles presenting evidence about the effectiveness of vitamin A supplementation in patients with MS. CONCLUSION Currently, many lines of evidence have been produced when it comes to the use of food supplements. This systematic review proposal might provide recent, important, and trusted information for better treatment of patients. RECORD OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEW This review was recorded in the International Register of Prospective Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on the January 30, 2019 (registration: CRD42019121757). Available at: http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?ID=CRD42019121757.
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Abdelhamid L, Luo XM. Retinoic Acid, Leaky Gut, and Autoimmune Diseases. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1016. [PMID: 30081517 PMCID: PMC6115935 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A leaky gut has been observed in a number of autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that lupus mice also bear a leaky gut and that the intestinal barrier function can be enhanced by gut colonization of probiotics such as Lactobacillus spp. Retinoic acid (RA) can increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. in the gut. Interestingly, RA has also been shown to strengthen the barrier function of epithelial cells in vitro and in the absence of probiotic bacteria. These reports bring up an interesting question of whether RA exerts protective effects on the intestinal barrier directly or through regulating the microbiota colonization. In this review, we will discuss the roles of RA in immunomodulation, recent literature on the involvement of a leaky gut in different autoimmune diseases, and how RA shapes the outcomes of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Abdelhamid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Xin M Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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Kim SH, Park YM, Choi BY, Kim MK, Roh S, Kim K, Yang YJ. Associations of serum levels of vitamins A, C, and E with the risk of cognitive impairment among elderly Koreans. Nutr Res Pract 2018; 12:160-165. [PMID: 29629033 PMCID: PMC5886968 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.2.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Korea is quickly becoming an aged society. Dementia is also becoming a vital public health problem in Korea. Cognitive impairment as a pre-stage of dementia shares most risk factors for dementia. The aim of the present study was to determine associations of serum levels of vitamins A, C, and E with the risk of cognitive impairment among elderly Koreans. SUBJECTS/METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 230 participants aged 60-79 years from Yangpyeong cohort were included. Cognitive function was assessed by the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination for Dementia Screening. The logistic multivariable regression model was applied to determine the effect of serum vitamins A, C, and E on the risk of cognitive impairment. RESULTS There was no significant association between the risk of cognitive impairment and serum levels of vitamin A and vitamin C. There was a significant odd ratio when the second tertile group of beta-gamma tocopherol level was compared to the first tertile group [odds ratio (OR) = 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.14-0.98, P for trend = 0.051]. In subgroup analyses, there were significant negative associations between beta-gamma tocopherol level and the risk of cognitive impairment in men (OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.03-0.87, P for trend = 0.028), non-drinkers or former drinkers (OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.02-0.66, P for trend = 0.025), and non-smokers or former smokers (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.09-0.82, P for trend = 0.017). CONCLUSION Serum beta-gamma tocopherol levels tended to be inversely associated with the risk of cognitive impairment. Further prospective large-scaled studies are needed to examine this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hee Kim
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Public Health, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 02748, Korea
| | - Yeong Mi Park
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Dongduk Women's University, 60, Hwarang-ro 13-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02748, Korea
| | - Bo Youl Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Sungwon Roh
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Kyunga Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Yang
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Dongduk Women's University, 60, Hwarang-ro 13-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02748, Korea
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Khosravi-Largani M, Pourvali-Talatappeh P, Rousta AM, Karimi-Kivi M, Noroozi E, Mahjoob A, Asaadi Y, Shahmohammadi A, Sadeghi S, Shakeri S, Ghiyasvand K, Tavakoli-Yaraki M. A review on potential roles of vitamins in incidence, progression, and improvement of multiple sclerosis. eNeurologicalSci 2018; 10:37-44. [PMID: 29736427 PMCID: PMC5934114 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease, with unknown etiology. Vitamins, as important micronutrients playing different roles in body, seem to be important in MS pathogenesis. In vitro, in vivo and human studies, supports the protective role of some vitamins in MS occurrence or progression. Current study reviews recent insights and reports about the importance of vitamins in MS incidence or progression. In accordance, the importance of all water and fat-soluble vitamins in MS pathogenesis based on observational studies in human population and their role in the function of immune system as well as possible therapeutic opportunities are discussed in depth throughout this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elahe Noroozi
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mahjoob
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Asaadi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sarina Sadeghi
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Shakeri
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimiya Ghiyasvand
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Tavakoli-Yaraki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Central to the understanding of the relationships between diet, gut microbiota, and vitamins D and A in multiple sclerosis is low-grade inflammation, which is involved in all chronic inflammatory diseases and is influenced by each of the above effectors. We show that food components have either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects and influence both the human metabolism (the "metabolome") and the composition of gut microbiota. Hypercaloric, high-animal-fat Western diets favor anabolism and change gut microbiota composition towards dysbiosis. Subsequent intestinal inflammation leads to leakage of the gut barrier, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and neuroinflammation. Conversely, a vegetarian diet, rich in fiber, is coherent with gut eubiosis and a healthy condition. Vitamin D levels, mainly insufficient in a persistent low-grade inflammatory status, can be restored to optimal values only by administration of high amounts of cholecalciferol. At its optimal values (>30 ng/ml), vitamin D requires vitamin A for the binding to the vitamin D receptor and exert its anti-inflammatory action. Both vitamins must be supplied to the subjects lacking vitamin D. We conclude that nutrients, including the nondigestible dietary fibers, have a leading role in tackling the low-grade inflammation associated with chronic inflammatory diseases. Their action is mediated by gut microbiota and any microbial change induced by diet modifies host-microbe interactions in a consequent way, to improve the disease or worsen it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Riccio
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
| | - Rocco Rossano
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
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26
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Liu J, Liu X, Xiong XQ, Yang T, Cui T, Hou NL, Lai X, Liu S, Guo M, Liang XH, Cheng Q, Chen J, Li TY. Effect of vitamin A supplementation on gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorders - a pilot study. BMC Microbiol 2017; 17:204. [PMID: 28938872 PMCID: PMC5610466 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-017-1096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysbiosis of gut microbiota are commonly reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and may contribute to behavioral impairment. Vitamin A (VA) plays a role in regulation of gut microbiota. This study was performed to investigate the role of VA in the changes of gut microbiota and changes of autism functions in children with ASD. RESULTS Sixty four, aged 1 to 8 years old children with ASD completed a 6-month follow-up study with VA intervention. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to assess plasma retinol levels. The Autism Behaviour Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) were used to assess autism symptoms. CD38 and acid-related orphan receptor alpha (RORA) mRNA levels were used to assess autism-related biochemical indicators' changes. Evaluations of plasma retinol, ABC, CARS, SRS, CD38 and RORA mRNA levels were performed before and after 6 months of intervention in the 64 children. Illumina MiSeq for 16S rRNA genes was used to compare the differences in gut microbiota before and after 6 months of treatment in the subset 20 of the 64 children. After 6 months of intervention, plasma retinol, CD38 and RORA mRNA levels significantly increased (all P < 0.05); the scores of ABC, CARS and SRS scales showed no significant differences (all P > 0.05) in the 64 children. Meanwhile, the proportion of Bacteroidetes/Bacteroidales significantly increased and the proportion of Bifidobacterium significantly decreased in the subgroup of 20 (all false discovery rate (FDR) q < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Bacteroidetes/Bacteroidales were the key taxa related to VA. Moreover, VA played a role in the changes in autism biomarkers. It remains unclear whether the VA concentration is associated with autism symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study protocol was peer reviewed and approved by the institutional review board of Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University in 2013 and retrospectively registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) on November 6, 2014 (TRN: ChiCTR-ROC-14005442 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue-Qin Xiong
- Pediatric Department of Clinical Medicine of Dazhou Vocational and Technical College, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Cui
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Na-Li Hou
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Lai
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Guo
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Liang
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ting-Yu Li
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Er Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.
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Piersma AH, Hessel EV, Staal YC. Retinoic acid in developmental toxicology: Teratogen, morphogen and biomarker. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 72:53-61. [PMID: 28591664 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review explores the usefulness retinoic acid (RA) related physiological factors as possible biomarkers of embryotoxicity. RA is involved in the morphogenesis of the early embryo as well as in the development and maturation of a wide variety of organ anlagen. The region-specific homeostasis of RA in the embryo is in many ways the driving force determining developmental cell proliferation versus differentiation. As a consequence, RA concentrations are carefully controlled in time and space in the developing embryo. RA deficiency and overdosing both result in characteristic patterns of malformations that may involve many different organ systems. The central role of RA in embryo development provides us with a set of sensitive biomarkers that may be employed in developmental toxicity testing. This includes the synthesizing and metabolizing enzymes of RA, but also a myriad of related morphogenetic factors and their genes, of which the expression may be affected by changes in RA balance. Several examples of embryotoxicants interfering with the homeostasis of RA and related parameters have been described. A preliminary adverse outcome pathway framework for RA mediated malformations has been published. Expansion of this framework and its application in developmental toxicity testing may allow the detection of a large variety of embryotoxicants with diverse modes of action. RA homeostasis therefore provides a promising set of molecular tools that may be employed in the advancement of mode of action driven animal-free developmental toxicity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldert H Piersma
- Center for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment RIVM, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Ellen V Hessel
- Center for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment RIVM, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne C Staal
- Center for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment RIVM, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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Dadhania VP, Trivedi PP, Vikram A, Tripathi DN. Nutraceuticals against Neurodegeneration: A Mechanistic Insight. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 14:627-40. [PMID: 26725888 PMCID: PMC4981739 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160104142223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders are complex and multifactorial; however, accumulating evidences suggest few common shared pathways. These common pathways include mitochondrial dysfunction, intracellular Ca2+ overload, oxidative stress and inflammation. Often multiple pathways co-exist, and therefore limit the benefits of therapeutic interventions. Nutraceuticals have recently gained importance owing to their multifaceted effects. These food-based approaches are believed to target multiple pathways in a slow but more physiological manner without causing severe adverse effects. Available information strongly supports the notion that apart from preventing the onset of neuronal damage, nutraceuticals can potentially attenuate the continued progression of neuronal destruction. In this article, we i) review the common pathways involved in the pathogenesis of the toxicants-induced neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative disorders with special emphasis on Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), Multiple sclerosis (MS) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and ii) summarize current research advancements on the effects of nutraceuticals against these detrimental pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ajit Vikram
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA-52240, USA.
| | - Durga Nand Tripathi
- DNT at Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX-77030, USA.
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Fragoso YD, Adoni T, Alves-Leon SV, Apostolos-Pereira SL, Arruda WO, Brooks JBB, Cal HSR, Damasceno CAA, Gama PD, Goncalves MVM, Jesus CADSD, Machado SCN, Mansur LF, Matta APDC, Mendes MF, Morales RR, Nobrega-Jr AWD, Parolin MKF, Peres MP, Ribeiro MDC, Ruocco HH, Scherpenhuijzen S, Siquinelli F, Stoney PN, Varela DL, Eboni ACB, Spessotto CV, Rocha ETD, Lacerda PE. No correlation was observed between vitamin D levels and disability of patients with multiple sclerosis between latitudes 18° and 30° South. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2017; 75:3-8. [DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20160173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: Vitamin D has taken center stage in research and treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective of the present study was to assess the serum vitamin D levels of a large population of patients with MS and controls living in a restricted tropical area. Methods: Data from 535 patients with MS and 350 control subjects were obtained from 14 cities around the Tropic of Capricorn. Results: The mean serum 25-OH vitamin D level was 26.07 ± 10.27 ng/mL for the control subjects, and 28.03 ± 12.19 ng/mL for patients with MS. No correlation was observed between vitamin D levels and the disability of patients over the disease duration. Conclusion: At least for the region around the Tropic of Capricorn, serum levels of vitamin D typically are within the range of 20 to 30 ng/mL for controls and patients with MS.
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The Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin A Deficiency in Multiple Sclerosis. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 60:82-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0781-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Park BV, Pan F. The role of nuclear receptors in regulation of Th17/Treg biology and its implications for diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2016; 12:533-42. [PMID: 25958843 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors in the cell play essential roles in environmental sensing, differentiation, development, homeostasis,and metabolism and are thus highly conserved across multiple species. The anti-inflammatory role of nuclear receptors in immune cells has recently gained recognition. Nuclear receptors play critical roles in both myeloid and lymphoid cells, particularly in helper CD41 T-cell type 17 (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Treg). Th17 and Treg are closely related cell fates that are determined by orchestrated cytokine signaling. Recent studies have emphasized the interactions between nuclear receptors and the known cytokine signals and how such interaction affects Th17/Treg development and function.This review will focus on the most recent discoveries concerning the roles of nuclear receptors in the context of therapeutic applications in autoimmune diseases.
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Yosaee S, Akbari Fakhrabadi M, Shidfar F. Positive evidence for vitamin A role in prevention of type 1 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2016; 7:177-88. [PMID: 27162582 PMCID: PMC4856890 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v7.i9.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as one of the most well-known autoimmune disease, results from the destruction of β-cells in pancreas by autoimmune process. T1DM is fatal without insulin treatment. The expansion of alternative treatment to insulin is a dream to be fulfilled. Currently autoimmunity is considered as main factor in development of T1DM. So manipulation of the immune system can be considered as alternative treatment to insulin. For the past decades, vitamin A has been implicated as an essential dietary micronutrient in regulator of immune function. Despite major advantage in the knowledge of vitamin A biology, patients who present T1DM are at risk for deficiency in vitamin A and carotenoids. Applying such evidences, vitamin A treatment may be the key approach in preventing T1DM.
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The dual nature of retinoic acid in pemphigus and its therapeutic potential: Special focus on all-trans Retinoic Acid. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 36:180-186. [PMID: 27156125 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The efficient treatment of pemphigus with no certain side effect remained a controversial issue. Although there are various options for controlling disease severity, the majority of them may cause serious side effects. Retinoic acid (RA), an active metabolite converted from vitamin A, plays an active role in immune functions. Effects of RA, especially all-trans-Retinoic Acid (ATRA) on different types of cells involved in immune responses were analyzed in vitro and in vivo. RAs could affect the differentiation of T helper (Th) cells, B cells responses, stabilization of both natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) and regulatory B cells (Bregs) populations, and regulating the expression of critical genes in immune responses. The role of RA, based on major immune cells involved in pemphigus has not been addressed so far. In this study, we sought to determine the possible effects of RA, with a special focus on ATRA in pemphigus. All the evidences of ATRA effects on the immune system were collected and their association with the pemphigus was analyzed. According to the previous results, ATRA causes a decline in Th17 populations; increase in CD4+ induced regulatory T cells (iTregs), stabilization of nTregs, and promotion of suppressive B cells, which are critical in the improvement of pemphigus. Nevertheless, it also causes shifting of the Th1:Th2 balance toward Th2 cells, which is not favorable for pemphigus patients. In conclusion, ATRA acts via different ways in pemphigus. Due to increase in the suppressive function via iTregs, nTregs, and Bregs, it is suggested that patients with pemphigus may benefit from systemic ATRA therapy. To clarify this issue, further studies, such as clinical trials are needed.
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Rolf L, Muris AH, Hupperts R, Damoiseaux J. Illuminating vitamin D effects on B cells--the multiple sclerosis perspective. Immunology 2016; 147:275-84. [PMID: 26714674 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is associated with many immune-mediated disorders. In multiple sclerosis (MS) a poor vitamin D status is a major environmental factor associated with disease incidence and severity. The inflammation in MS is primarily T-cell-mediated, but increasing evidence points to an important role for B cells. This has paved the way for investigating vitamin D effects on B cells. In this review we elaborate on vitamin D interactions with antibody production, T-cell-stimulating capacity and regulatory B cells. Although in vitro plasma cell generation and expression of co-stimulatory molecules are inhibited and the function of regulatory B cells is promoted, this is not supported by in vivo data. We speculate that differences might be explained by the B-cell-Epstein-Barr virus interaction in MS, the exquisite role of germinal centres in B-cell biology, and/or in vivo interactions with other hormones and vitamins that interfere with the vitamin D pathways. Further research is warranted to illuminate this tube-versus-body paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Rolf
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Academic MS Centre Limburg, Zuyderland Medisch Centrum, Sittard, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Hilde Muris
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Academic MS Centre Limburg, Zuyderland Medisch Centrum, Sittard, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond Hupperts
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Academic MS Centre Limburg, Zuyderland Medisch Centrum, Sittard, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Damoiseaux
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Wevers NR, de Vries HE. Morphogens and blood-brain barrier function in health and disease. Tissue Barriers 2015; 4:e1090524. [PMID: 27141417 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2015.1090524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The microvasculature of the brain forms a protective blood-brain barrier (BBB) that ensures a homeostatic environment for the central nervous system (CNS), which is essential for optimal brain functioning. The barrier properties of the brain endothelial cells are maintained by cells surrounding the capillaries, such as astrocytes and pericytes. Together with the endothelium and a basement membrane, these supporting cells form the neurovascular unit (NVU). Accumulating evidence indicates that the supporting cells of the NVU release a wide variety of soluble factors that induce and control barrier properties in a concentration-dependent manner. The current review provides a comprehensive overview of how such factors, called morphogens, influence BBB integrity and functioning. Since impaired BBB function is apparent in numerous CNS disorders and is often associated with disease severity, we also discuss the potential therapeutic value of these morphogens, as they may represent promising therapies for a wide variety of CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helga E de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology; Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center ; Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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36
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Tanik N, Celikbilek A, Metin A, Gocmen AY, Inan LE. Retinol-binding protein-4 and hs-CRP levels in patients with migraine. Neurol Sci 2015; 36:1823-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-015-2262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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37
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Park BV, Pan F. The role of nuclear receptors in regulation of Th17/Treg biology and its implications for diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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38
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Fragoso YD. Modifiable environmental factors in multiple sclerosis. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2015; 72:889-94. [PMID: 25410457 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20140159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Potential environmental modifiable factors involved in multiple sclerosis (MS) include low adherence to treatment, smoking, obesity, low levels of liposoluble vitamins A and D, high consumption of salt, and a sedentary lifestyle. Chronic tobacco use, obesity, sedentarism and insufficient levels of these vitamins all contribute to maintenance of a proinflammatory state. It is unlikely that there will be noticeable improvement in the inflammatory condition of MS if stopping smoking, reducing weight, exercising, increasing vitamin levels are done in an isolated and erratic manner. Modification of each and every one of these environmental risk factors is likely to be an important approach in the management of MS. The present review presents the arguments for an association between these hazardous modifiable factors and the chronic inflammatory state observed in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Dadalti Fragoso
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, SP, Brazil
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39
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Abstract
The question whether dietary habits and lifestyle have influence on the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) is still a matter of debate, and at present, MS therapy is not associated with any information on diet and lifestyle. Here we show that dietary factors and lifestyle may exacerbate or ameliorate MS symptoms by modulating the inflammatory status of the disease both in relapsing-remitting MS and in primary-progressive MS. This is achieved by controlling both the metabolic and inflammatory pathways in the human cell and the composition of commensal gut microbiota. What increases inflammation are hypercaloric Western-style diets, characterized by high salt, animal fat, red meat, sugar-sweetened drinks, fried food, low fiber, and lack of physical exercise. The persistence of this type of diet upregulates the metabolism of human cells toward biosynthetic pathways including those of proinflammatory molecules and also leads to a dysbiotic gut microbiota, alteration of intestinal immunity, and low-grade systemic inflammation. Conversely, exercise and low-calorie diets based on the assumption of vegetables, fruit, legumes, fish, prebiotics, and probiotics act on nuclear receptors and enzymes that upregulate oxidative metabolism, downregulate the synthesis of proinflammatory molecules, and restore or maintain a healthy symbiotic gut microbiota. Now that we know the molecular mechanisms by which dietary factors and exercise affect the inflammatory status in MS, we can expect that a nutritional intervention with anti-inflammatory food and dietary supplements can alleviate possible side effects of immune-modulatory drugs and the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome and thus favor patient wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Riccio
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Rocco Rossano
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
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Retinoic acid enhances the levels of IL-10 in TLR-stimulated B cells from patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2014; 278:11-8. [PMID: 25595247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We have explored the beneficial effects of retinoic acid (RA) on B cells from multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. When co-stimulated via the toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR9 and RP105, MS B cells secreted less of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) compared to B cells from healthy controls. Importantly, RA enhanced the secretion of IL-10 by MS-derived B cells without affecting the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. RA revealed the same ability to induce IL-10 as did interferon-β-1b (IFN-β-1b), and B-cells from patients treated with glatiramer acetate or IFN-β-1b still displayed the beneficial effects of RA on the IL-10/TNF-α ratio.
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