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Seo MW, Lee S, Jung HC. Impact of supra-maximal interval training vs. high-intensity interval training on cardiac auto-regulation response in physically active adults. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1771-1780. [PMID: 38244043 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the impact of supra-maximal interval training (SMIT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiac auto-regulation response. METHODS Physically active young adults volunteered to participate in the study with a randomized cross-over counterbalanced design (N = 12). HIIT sessions consisted of 20 bouts of 10 s of exercise followed by 50 s of recovery, totaling 20 min at two different intensities; "all-out (SMIT)" vs. "115-130% Wmax (HIIT)". The cardiac auto-regulation included heart rate variability (HRV) and vascular function. HRV and vascular function were measured at baseline and five different time points after acute exercise. RESULTS The SMIT was higher in workload (31%), peak heart rate (28%), and rate of perceived exertion (40%) compared with HIIT (all p < 0.001). The R-R interval, NN50, and pNN50 measured until 60 min after acute exercise was higher in the HIIT compared with SMIT (all p < 0.05). The SMIT elicited a greater shift in ln LF/HF ratio immediately after acute exercise (3802%, p < 0.01) and induced a decrease in bilateral ba-PWV at the time point 5 min after acute exercise, persisting until 65 min after (p < 0.05). Yet, HIIT showed no change over time in the frequency domain of HRV and blood vascular tone after cessation of acute exercise. CONCLUSION Our findings confirmed that SMIT is a more potent modulator of the autonomic nervous system compared with HIIT. Further study is needed to monitor through complete recovery to baseline, to understand acute cardiac auto-regulation response after cessation of various exercise intensities identical interval training protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong-Won Seo
- Department of Sports and Leisure Studies, College of Physical Education, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukho Lee
- Department of Counseling, Health and Kinesiology, College of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hyun Chul Jung
- Sports Science Research Center, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Sports Coaching, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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2
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de Freitas VH, Mariano IM, Amaral AL, Rodrigues ML, Carrijo VHV, Puga GM. Effects of light-emitting diode therapy on cardiovascular and salivary nitrite responses in postmenopausal women submitted to a single bout of high-intensity interval training. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2655-2665. [PMID: 35235082 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of light-emitting diode therapy (LEDT) on cardiovascular effort during a single bout of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and on blood pressure (BP), salivary nitrite, and heart rate variability (HRV) responses after the exercise session in postmenopausal women. Sixteen postmenopausal women between 50 and 70 years of age participated in the present study. The intervention comprised two sessions: placebo plus HIIT and LEDT plus HIIT, with a 14-day interval between sessions. The oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were monitored throughout the HIIT sessions. Salivary samples were taken before, immediately post, and 30' and 60' post-HIIT sessions for nitric oxide (NO) analysis. In addition, HR and BP were checked before, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, and 60 min post-HIIT sessions. HR data were used to calculate the HRV indices. Cardiovascular parameters during HIIT and BP, HRV, and NO responses were not different between placebo and LEDT conditions (p > 0.05). BP responses increased after compared to pre-exercise (p < 0.01). HRV was impaired post- compared to pre-exercise (p < 0.05). LEDT did not improve physiological performance during HIIT and did not accelerate the recovery of BP and autonomic modulation or change the NO release after exercise in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo de Freitas
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Igor Moraes Mariano
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Amaral
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Mateus Lima Rodrigues
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Vilarinho Carrijo
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Morais Puga
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil.
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Acute and chronic effects of traditional and high-speed resistance training on blood pressure in older adults: A crossover study and systematic review and meta-analysis. Exp Gerontol 2022; 163:111775. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Rosa TS, Corrêa HL, Deus LA, Stone W, Reis AL, Gadelha AB, de Araújo TB, Silva Junior PR, Moraes MR, Silva JAB, Tzanno-Martins C, Simões HG, Prestes J, Neves RVP. Effects of dynamic and isometric resistance training protocols on metabolic profile in hemodialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 46:1029-1037. [PMID: 33651633 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of dynamic (DRT) and isometric (IRT) resistance training on glycemic homeostasis, lipid profile, and nitric oxide (NO) in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Patients were randomly distributed into 3 groups: control (n = 65), DRT (n = 65), and IRT (n = 67). Patients assessed before and after the intervention period were tested for fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, oral glucose tolerance test, insulin resistance, lipid profile, leptin, insulin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein, and NO . Patients underwent to strength and body composition assessments. Subjects allocated in both DRT and IRT groups took part in a 24-week resistance training program, 3 times per week. Each training session was approximately 1 hour before dialysis and consisted of 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions at low intensity. Total workload was higher in the DRT as compared with the IRT. This heightened workload related to better glycemic homeostasis in HD patients as measured by regulation of insulin, adiponectin, and leptin, while improveing triglycerides, free-fat mass, and muscle strength. Additionally, NO levels were increased in the DRT group. NO was significantly correlated with glucose intolerance (r = -0.42, p = 0.0155) and workload (r = 0.46, p = 0.0022). The IRT group only improved strength (p < 0.05). Twenty-four weeks of DRT improved glycemic homeostasis, lipid profile, and NO in HD patients. Although IRT seems to play an important role in increasing strength, DRT might be a better choice to promote metabolic adjustments in HD patients. Clinical trial: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3gpg5w. Novelty: DRT might be a better choice for metabolic improvements in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Exercise-training might treat metabolic imbalance in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Santos Rosa
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Hugo Luca Corrêa
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Lysleine Alves Deus
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Whitley Stone
- School of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport, Western Kentucky University, KY, USA
| | - Andrea Lucena Reis
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brazil
| | - André Bonadias Gadelha
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brazil.,Seção de Educação Física, Colégio Militar de Brasília
| | | | | | - Milton Rocha Moraes
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jonato Prestes
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brazil
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Cipriano LHC, Borges YG, Mill JG, Mauad H, Martins de Araújo MT, Gouvea SA. Effects of short-term aerobic training versus CPAP therapy on heart rate variability in moderate to severe OSA patients. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13771. [PMID: 33483990 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We compared the effects of 2-month CPAP or exercise training (ET) therapies on the autonomic balance in moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) through heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Thirty-nine OSA patients were divided into CPAP (n = 18) and ET (n = 21) groups, being further split into hypertensive and non-hypertensive subgroups. All patients were submitted to continuous ECG recordings for HRV analysis. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded by oscillometry. Excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep quality were assessed through the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Pittsburgh questionnaire, respectively. ET decreased systolic arterial pressure in hypertensive and non-hypertensive participants when compared to baseline values, whereas diastolic arterial pressure was decreased only in non-hypertensive ones. CPAP had no effect over hemodynamic parameters in either subgroup. ET significantly increased the HRV parameters SDNN and pNN50 in non-hypertensive participants, while reducing the LF/HF ratio in both subgroups. CPAP significantly decreased SDNN in both subgroups. ET significantly decreased excessive daytime sleepiness in both subgroups, but did not affect sleep quality. CPAP significantly improved sleep quality in both subgroups, although global scores were still those of poor sleepers, while excessive daytime sleepiness was normalized only in hypertensive patients. In conclusion, while short-term ET modulated different HRV parameters, leading to a predominant vagal tone in the cardiac sympathovagal balance and decreasing blood pressure in moderate to severe OSA, short-term CPAP had next to no effect in these parameters. We believe ET should be considered as an adjunct interventional strategy in the conservative management of hypertensive or non-hypertensive OSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Henrique Ceia Cipriano
- Physiological Sciences Graduation Program, Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Ytalo Gonçalves Borges
- Physiological Sciences Graduation Program, Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - José Geraldo Mill
- Physiological Sciences Graduation Program, Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.,Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Helder Mauad
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Sonia Alves Gouvea
- Physiological Sciences Graduation Program, Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.,Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
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Heberle I, de Barcelos GT, Silveira LMP, Costa RR, Gerage AM, Delevatti RS. Effects of aerobic training with and without progression on blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review with meta-analyses and meta-regressions. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 171:108581. [PMID: 33307131 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To analyze the effects of aerobic training with and without progression on blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS The databases used for the systematic search were PubMed, Cochrane Central, SPORTDiscus and LILACS. Studies which analyzed blood pressure before and after an intervention period of eight or more weeks of aerobic training compared to a control group without training in patients with type 2 diabetes were included. RESULTS Of the 4186 studies found, 17 clinical trials were included (912 participants). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased after aerobic training with progression (-6.78 mmHg; 95% CI -8.36, -5.19; p < 0.001) and without progression (-8.07 mmHg; 95% CI -9.37, -6.77; p < 0.001). The same happened regarding diastolic blood pressure (DBP), which decreased with aerobic training with progression (-3.10 mmHg; 95% CI -4.90, -1.31; p < 0.001) and without progression (-5.71 mmHg; 95% CI -7.15, -4.28; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Aerobic training is effective in reducing blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes, regardless of progression in training variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Heberle
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Departamento de Educação Física, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Tadeu de Barcelos
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Departamento de Educação Física, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Rochelle Rocha Costa
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Departamento de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aline Mendes Gerage
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Departamento de Educação Física, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Sudatti Delevatti
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Departamento de Educação Física, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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7
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Perrier-Melo RJ, Costa EC, Farah BQ, Costa MDC. Acute Effect of Interval vs. Continuous Exercise on Blood Pressure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 115:5-14. [PMID: 32401846 PMCID: PMC8384323 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20190107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamento O exercício aeróbio contínuo (EC) é uma das principais recomendações não farmacológicas para prevenção e tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica. O EC é seguro e eficaz para reduzir a pressão arterial cronicamente, assim como nas primeiras horas após sua realização, fenômeno conhecido por hipotensão pós-exercício (HPE). O exercício intervalado (EI) também gera HPE. Objetivo Essa revisão sistemática e metanálise buscou comparar a magnitude da HPE entre o EC e EI em adultos. Métodos Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de estudos publicados em revistas indexadas nas bases PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Scopus e CENTRAL até março de 2020 que compararam a magnitude da HPE entre o EC versus EI. Foi definida HPE entre 45 e 60 minutos pós-exercício. As diferenças entre grupos sobre a pressão arterial foram analisadas por meio do modelo de efeito aleatório. Os dados foram reportados como diferença média ponderada (WMD) e 95% de intervalo de confiança (IC). Valor p menor que 0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. A escala TESTEX (0 a 15) foi usada para verificação da qualidade metodológica dos estudos. Resultados O EI apresentou HPE de maior magnitude sobre a pressão arterial sistólica (WMD: -2,93 mmHg [IC95%: -4,96, -0,90], p = 0,005, I2 = 50%) e pressão arterial diastólica (WMD: -1,73 mmHg [IC95%: -2,94, -0,51], p = 0,005, I2 = 0%) quando comparado ao EC (12 estudos; 196 participantes). A pontuação dos estudos na escala TEXTEX variou entre 10 e 11 pontos. Conclusões O EI gerou HPE de maior magnitude quando comparado ao EC entre 45 e 60 minutos pós-exercício. A ausência de dados sobre eventos adversos durante o EI e EC nos estudos impede comparações sobre a segurança dessas estratégias. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(1):5-14)
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Casonatto J, Enokida DM, Grandolfi K. Inter-Individual Responses to Citrulline Malate Oral Supplementation on Post-Exercise Hypotension in Hypertensives: A 24-Hour Analysis. Arq Bras Cardiol 2019; 113:218-228. [PMID: 31291417 PMCID: PMC6777875 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have persuasively demonstrated that citrulline has a key role in the
arginine-nitric oxide system, increasing nitric oxide bioavailability, an
important mediator of peripheral vasodilation. Objective To analyze the inter-individual post-exercise hypotension responsiveness
following acute citrulline supplementation in hypertensives. Methods Forty hypertensives were randomly assigned to one of the four experimental
groups (control-placebo, control-citrulline, exercise-placebo, and
exercise-citrulline). They ingested placebo or citrulline malate [CM] (6
grams). During the exercise session, individuals performed 40 minutes of
walking/running on a treadmill at 60-70% of HR reserve. For the control
session, the individuals remained seated at rest for 40 minutes. Office
blood pressure (BP) was taken every 10 minutes until completing 60 minutes
after the experimental session. The ambulatory BP device was programmed to
take the readings every 20 minutes (awake time) and every 30 minutes (sleep
time) over the course of 24 hours of monitoring. Statistical significance
was defined as p < 0.05. Results Unlike the other experimental groups, there were no “non-responders” in the
exercise/citrulline (EC) for “awake” (systolic and diastolic BP) and “24
hours” (diastolic BP). The effect sizes were more consistent in the EC for
systolic and diastolic ambulatorial BP response. The effects were “large”
(> 0.8) for “awake”, “asleep”, and “24 hours” only in the EC for
diastolic BP. Conclusion CM supplementation can increase the post-exercise hypotensive effects in
hypertensives. In addition, the prevalence of non-responders is lower when
associated with aerobic exercise and CM supplementation.
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Kotopoulea-Nikolaidi M, Watkins E, Giannopoulou I. Effects of High Carbohydrate vs. High Protein Pre-exercise Feedings on Psychophysiological Responses to High Intensity Interval Exercise in Overweight Perimenopausal Women. Front Nutr 2019; 5:141. [PMID: 30723717 PMCID: PMC6349754 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate (a) the acute effect of a bout of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on mood, cognitive function, and blood pressure in overweight perimenopausal women and (b) to compare the effects of high carbohydrate vs. high protein pre-HIIE feedings on exercise capacity, mood and cognitive function in this population. Methods: Twelve, overweight, perimenopausal women (age; 45.5 ± 2.3 years, body fat; 32.2 ± 2.1%) completed a bout of HIIE under 3 pre-exercise feedings (HCHO: high-carbohydrate-low-protein; LCHP: low-carbohydrate-high-protein; control: fasted) in a randomized crossover design. HIIE consisted of 4 intervals of 4 min walking at 85–90% of maximum heart rate and 3 min recovery. Before and after HIIE, the shortened version of the profile of mood state questionnaire, the exercise—induced feeling inventory questionnaire and three cognitive function tests (Stroop test, Shift Stroop test, n-back test) were administered. Blood pressure was measured pre- and post-exercise. Following HIIE a performance test to volitional fatigue was conducted. Results: A single bout of HIIE resulted in significant reductions in blood pressure and improvements in cognitive capacity (p < 0.05). Both the HCHO and LCHP feedings led to significantly longer exercise performance compared to CON (422 ± 71 s and 340 ± 46 vs. 240 ± 32 s, respectively, p < 0.01), with a 1.22-fold greater increase in performance time in HCHO compared to LCHP, although not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Only the HCHO trial improved total mood disturbance and positive engagement 1 h-post-exercise compared to CON (p < 0.05). HCHO and LCHP improved physical exhaustion and revitalization feelings post-exercise vs. CON (p < 0.01). Conclusions: A single HIIE session improves cognitive function and blood pressure in overweight perimenopausal women. High-carbohydrate pre-HIIE feedings can result in greater enhancements in mood and positive engagement to exercise and may improve exercise performance compared to a high-protein meal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Watkins
- School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom
| | - Ifigeneia Giannopoulou
- School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom
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Fachini MP, Barcelos GTD, Coneglian JC, Medeiros PRDO, Gerage AM. Blood pressure pattern following a combined exercise session in hypertensive older women. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-22562019022.190166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective: The aim of the present study was to verify the behavior of hemodynamic variables in hypertensive older women following a combined exercise session and to identify the intensity of effort achieved in this session. Method: The study included 14 hypertensive older women (72.0±6.7 years old) who regularly practiced physical activities. The participants underwent a one-hour combined exercise session performed in a group, with intensity of effort monitored by accelerometry (Actigraph, model GT3X+). The hemodynamic parameters (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance) were individually measured by finger photoplethysmography (Finometer) before and after (60 min) the exercise session. Results: The sessions consisted predominantly of low-light intensity activities (60%) and 20% of class time was spent on sedentary behavior. None of the evaluated variables exhibited changes when the pre and post-exercise values were compared (p>0.05). Systolic blood pressure behavior correlated positively with time spent in sedentary behavior (r=0.541; p=0.045). Conclusion: The combined exercise sessions, as conducted, did not generate post-exercise hypotension. In addition, the time spent in typically sedentary activities during the classes positively correlated with changes in blood pressure, suggesting that combined exercise programs, applied in the form of collective aerobic exercises, should be composed of higher intensity activities.
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de Freitas Brito A, Brasileiro-Santos MDS, Coutinho de Oliveira CV, da Cruz Santos A. Postexercise Hypotension Is Volume-Dependent in Hypertensives: Autonomic and Forearm Blood Responses. J Strength Cond Res 2019; 33:234-241. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Resistance training downregulates macrophages infiltration in the kidney of 5/6 nephrectomized rats. Life Sci 2018; 213:190-197. [PMID: 30352243 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered a significant world health problem with elevated mortality rates. Patients with CKD are restricted to mild physical activity, present chronic inflammatory state and loss of muscle strength. Currently, the influence of resistance exercise (RE) on the progression of renal disease has not being fully elucidated. PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of RE on the progression of CKD in a remnant kidney model (5/6Nx) in rats. METHODS Eight-week-old Wistar rats were submitted to 5/6 nephrectomy and were divided into four groups: Sham sedentary (Sham SD); Sham RE (Sham RE); 5/6Nx SD and 5/6Nx RE. The animals were trained for 8 weeks in a vertical climbing ladder for 3 days per week, on non-consecutive days. RESULTS As expected, 5/6Nx SD group presented a markedly loss of renal function, increased plasma inflammatory cytokines and increased oxidative stress with a reduced activity of nitric oxide. The higher macrophage infiltration and fibrosis confirmed these conditions. RE attenuated systolic blood pressure and renal function decrease and also improved serum lipid parameters in 5/6 Nx animals. It was evident the increase of muscle strength and mass in the trained groups while the sedentary group showed reduced muscle weight and strength compared to Sham SD. CONCLUSIONS RE implemented following 5/6Nx retard the progression of chronic kidney injury while simultaneously allowed the maintenance of skeletal muscle strength.
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Souza LR, Vicente JB, Melo GR, Moraes VC, Olher RR, Sousa IC, Peruchi LH, Neves RV, Rosa TS, Ferreira AP, Moraes MR. Acute Hypotension After Moderate-Intensity Handgrip Exercise in Hypertensive Elderly People. J Strength Cond Res 2018; 32:2971-2977. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Lopes S, Mesquita-Bastos J, Alves AJ, Ribeiro F. Exercise as a tool for hypertension and resistant hypertension management: current insights. Integr Blood Press Control 2018; 11:65-71. [PMID: 30288097 PMCID: PMC6159802 DOI: 10.2147/ibpc.s136028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there has been an observed progress in the treatment of hypertension, its prevalence remains elevated and constitutes a leading cause of cardiovascular disease development. Resistant hypertension is a challenge for clinicians, as the available treatment options have reduced success. Physical activity and exercise training play an important role in the management of blood pressure. The importance of physical activity and exercise training as part of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention is acknowledged by several professional organizations in their recommendations/guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Aerobic exercise, dynamic resistance exercise, and concurrent training - the combination of dynamic resistance and aerobic exercise training in the same exercise session or on separate days - has been demonstrated to reduce blood pressure and help in the management of hypertension. The present review draws attention to the importance of exercise training in the management of blood pressure in both hypertension and resistant hypertension individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Lopes
- School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal,
- Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal,
| | - José Mesquita-Bastos
- School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal,
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Infante D. Pedro, Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alberto J Alves
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development, CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Fernando Ribeiro
- School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal,
- Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal,
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Perissiou M, Bailey TG, Windsor M, Nam MCY, Greaves K, Leicht AS, Golledge J, Askew CD. Effects of exercise intensity and cardiorespiratory fitness on the acute response of arterial stiffness to exercise in older adults. Eur J Appl Physiol 2018; 118:1673-1688. [PMID: 29850932 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-018-3900-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increased arterial stiffness is observed with ageing and in individuals with low cardiorespiratory fitness ([Formula: see text]O2peak), and associated with cardiovascular risk. Following an exercise bout, transient arterial stiffness reductions offer short-term benefit, but may depend on exercise intensity. This study assessed the effects of exercise intensity on post-exercise arterial stiffness in older adults with varying fitness levels. METHODS Fifty-one older adults (72 ± 5 years) were stratified into fitness tertiles ([Formula: see text]O2peak: low-, 22.3 ± 3.1; mid-, 27.5 ± 2.4 and high-fit 36.3 ± 6.5 mL kg-1 min-1). In a randomised order, participants underwent control (no-exercise), moderate-intensity continuous exercise (40% of peak power output; PPO), and higher-intensity interval exercise (70% of PPO) protocols. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx75) and reflection magnitude (RM) were assessed at rest and during 90 min of recovery following each protocol. RESULTS After control, delta PWV increased over time (P < 0.001) and delta RM was unchanged. After higher-intensity interval exercise, delta PWV (P < 0.001) and delta RM (P < 0.001) were lower to control in all fitness groups. After moderate-intensity continuous exercise, delta PWV was not different from control in low-fit adults (P = 0.057), but was lower in the mid- and higher-fit older adults. Post-exercise AIx75 was higher to control in all fitness groups (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In older adults, PWV increases during seated rest and this response is attenuated after higher-intensity interval exercise, regardless of fitness level. This attenuation was also observed after moderate-intensity continuous exercise in adults with higher, but not lower fitness levels. Submaximal exercise reveals differences in the arterial stiffness responses between older adults with higher and lower cardiorespiratory fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Perissiou
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Tom G Bailey
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark Windsor
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Chi Yuan Nam
- Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service, Birtinya, Sunshine Coast, Australia
| | - Kim Greaves
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia.,Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service, Birtinya, Sunshine Coast, Australia
| | - Anthony S Leicht
- Sport and Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Christopher D Askew
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia.
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16
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High-intensity interval training lowers blood pressure and improves apelin and NOx plasma levels in older treated hypertensive individuals. J Physiol Biochem 2017; 74:47-55. [PMID: 29214526 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-017-0602-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Apelin levels and NO bioavailability are impaired in older hypertensive patients. Exercise is an effective intervention for treating hypertension. Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of high-intensity interval training on blood pressure, apelin, and NOx plasma levels in older treated hypertensive individuals. Thirty treated hypertensive subjects (61.70 ± 5.78 years, 17 males, 13 females) were randomly divided into 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training (n = 15) and control (n = 15). The exercise training was conducted for three 35-min sessions a week (1.5-min interval at 85-90% of heart rate reserve [HRR] and 2 min active phase at 50-55% of HRR). Assessment of plasma apelin, nitrite/nitrate (NOx), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) was performed before and after the intervention. At the end of the study, apelin, and NOx plasma levels increased significantly in the high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group (P = 0.021, P = 0.003, respectively). Conversely, ET-1 plasma levels significantly decreased in the training group after the intervention (P = 0.015). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the change of plasma apelin and change of plasma NOx (r = 0. 771, P = 0.0008). In addition, there was a negative correlation between the change of plasma ET-1, change of plasma apelin (r = - 0.595, P = 0.019), and variation of NOx (r = - 0.572, P = 0.025). This study indicates that, by increasing of apelin and NOx plasma levels, HIIT may be effective in reducing blood pressure.
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17
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Trapé AA, Lizzi EADS, Gonçalves TCP, Rodrigues JAL, Tavares SS, Lacchini R, Pinheiro LC, Ferreira GC, Tanus-Santos JE, Ovídio PP, Jordão AA, Jacomini AM, Zago AS, Bueno Júnior CR. Effect of Multicomponent Training on Blood Pressure, Nitric Oxide, Redox Status, and Physical Fitness in Older Adult Women: Influence of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS3) Haplotypes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:2578950. [PMID: 29104725 PMCID: PMC5618760 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2578950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to verify the influence of the genotype or haplotype (interaction) of the NOS3 polymorphisms [-786T>C, 894G>T (Glu298Asp), and intron 4b/a] on the response to multicomponent training (various capacities and motor skills) on blood pressure (BP), nitrite concentration, redox status, and physical fitness in older adult women. The sample consisted of 52 participants, who underwent body mass index and BP assessments. Physical fitness was evaluated by six-minute walk, elbow flexion, and sit and stand up tests. Plasma/blood samples were used to evaluate redox status, nitrite concentration, and genotyping. Associations were observed between isolated polymorphisms and the response of decreased systolic and diastolic BP and increased nitrite concentration and antioxidant activity. In the haplotype analysis, the group composed of ancestral alleles (H1) was the only one to present improvement in all variables studied (decrease in systolic and diastolic BP, improvement in nitrite concentration, redox status, and physical fitness), while the group composed of variant alleles (H8) only demonstrated improvement in some variables of redox status and physical fitness. These findings suggest that NOS3 polymorphisms and physical training are important interacting variables to consider in evaluating redox status, nitric oxide availability and production, and BP control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atila Alexandre Trapé
- School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Elisangela Aparecida da Silva Lizzi
- Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Technology-Paraná (UTFPR), Avenida Alberto Carazzai, 1640, 86300-000 Cornélio Procópio, PR, Brazil
| | - Thiago Correa Porto Gonçalves
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jhennyfer Aline Lima Rodrigues
- School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Simone Sakagute Tavares
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Lacchini
- School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Cezar Pinheiro
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Graziele Cristina Ferreira
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Tanus-Santos
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Payão Ovídio
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Alceu Afonso Jordão
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - André Mourão Jacomini
- Department of Physical Education, School of Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenida Engenheiro Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, Bairro Vargem Limpa, 17033-360 Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson Saranz Zago
- Department of Physical Education, School of Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenida Engenheiro Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, Bairro Vargem Limpa, 17033-360 Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Bueno Júnior
- School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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18
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Polotow TG, Souza-Junior TP, Sampaio RC, Okuyama AR, Ganini D, Vardaris CV, Alves RC, McAnulty SR, Barros MP. Effect of 1 Repetition Maximum, 80% Repetition Maximum, and 50% Repetition Maximum Strength Exercise in Trained Individuals on Variations in Plasma Redox Biomarkers. J Strength Cond Res 2017; 31:2489-2497. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Coelho-Júnior HJ, Rodrigues B, da Silva Aguiar S, de Oliveira Gonçalves I, Asano RY, Irigoyen MC, Feriani DJ, Uchida MC. Low blood pressure is sustained during subsequent activities of daily living performed after power training in older women. J Exerc Rehabil 2017; 13:454-463. [PMID: 29114513 PMCID: PMC5667625 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1734988.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the effects of a prior session of power training on blood pressure values during tasks that mimic the activities of daily living in hypertensive and normotensive older women. A randomized crossover experimental design was used for this study. Eleven older women (age, 66.1±1.2 years; body mass index, 26.7±4.8 kg/m2; systolic blood pressure, 133.9±23.4 mmHg) were recruited to participate. Volunteers were randomly underwent to a single session of physical exercise equalized by training volume, characterized by 3 sets of 8–10 repetitions in 8 different exercises. However, Power training session was performed at a higher intensity (moderate) than Sham session (rest/very, very easy ). Immediately after the end of the exercise session, subjects were assigned to perform five tasks that mimic the activities of daily living. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded before and immediately after the session of physical exercise, as well as in the end of each of the tasks. Results demonstrated significant elevations in systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure values during the performance of the tasks after the Sham session. However, values were not altered in the power training session. Data of the present study indicate that an acute session of power training can maintain blood pressure values lower during the subsequent performance of tasks that mimic activities of daily living in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory-LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Center of Health Sciences, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory-LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Samuel da Silva Aguiar
- Center of Health Sciences, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil.,School of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ivan de Oliveira Gonçalves
- Center of Health Sciences, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil.,Community Center for Older People of Poá, Poá, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Yukio Asano
- Center of Health Sciences, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil.,School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria-Cláudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele Jardim Feriani
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory-LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marco Carlos Uchida
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory-LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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20
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Coelho-Júnior HJ, Irigoyen MC, Aguiar SDS, Gonçalves IDO, Câmara NOS, Cenedeze MA, Asano RY, Rodrigues B, Uchida MC. Acute effects of power and resistance exercises on hemodynamic measurements of older women. Clin Interv Aging 2017; 12:1103-1114. [PMID: 28744114 PMCID: PMC5513809 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s133838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of resistance training (RT) and power training (PT) on the hemodynamic parameters and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability of older women. Materials and methods A randomized experimental design was used in this study. Twenty-one older women (age: 67.1±4.6 years; body mass index: 28.03±4.9 kg/m2; systolic blood pressure: 135.1±21.1 mmHg) were recruited to participate in this study. Volunteers were randomly allocated into PT, RT, and control session (CS) groups. The PT and RT groups underwent a single session of physical exercise equalized by training volume, characterized by 3 sets of 8–10 repetitions in 8 different exercises. However, RT group performed exercise at a higher intensity (difficult) than PT (moderate) group. On the other hand, concentric contractions were faster in PT group than in RT group. Hemodynamic parameters and saliva samples (for NO quantification) were collected before and during an hour after exercise completion. Results Results demonstrated post-exercise hypotension during 35 minutes in the PT when compared to rest period (P=0.001). In turn, RT showed decreased heart rate and double product (P<0.001) during the whole evaluation period after exercise completion compared with the rest period. NO levels increased in the PT and RT during the whole evaluation period in relation to rest period. However, there were no differences between PT, RT, and CS regarding hemodynamic and NO evaluations. Conclusion Data indicate that an acute session of power and resistance exercise can be effective to cause beneficial changes on hemodynamic parameters and NO levels in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory-LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo.,Center of Health Sciences, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes
| | | | - Samuel da Silva Aguiar
- Center of Health Sciences, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes.,School of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília, Águas Claras, Brasília
| | - Ivan de Oliveira Gonçalves
- Center of Health Sciences, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes.,Community Center for Older People of Poá, Poá
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Department of Immunobiology, Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo
| | | | - Ricardo Yukio Asano
- Center of Health Sciences, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes.,School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory-LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo
| | - Marco Carlos Uchida
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory-LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo
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21
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Damorim IR, Santos TM, Barros GWP, Carvalho PRC. Kinetics of Hypotension during 50 Sessions of Resistance and Aerobic Training in Hypertensive Patients: a Randomized Clinical Trial. Arq Bras Cardiol 2017; 108:323-330. [PMID: 28380132 PMCID: PMC5421471 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20170029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resistance and aerobic training are recommended as an adjunctive treatment for hypertension. However, the number of sessions required until the hypotensive effect of the exercise has stabilized has not been clearly established. Objective To establish the adaptive kinetics of the blood pressure (BP) responses as a function of time and type of training in hypertensive patients. Methods We recruited 69 patients with a mean age of 63.4 ± 2.1 years, randomized into one group of resistance training (n = 32) and another of aerobic training (n = 32). Anthropometric measurements were obtained, and one repetition maximum (1RM) testing was performed. BP was measured before each training session with a digital BP arm monitor. The 50 training sessions were categorized into quintiles. To compare the effect of BP reduction with both training methods, we used two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for the BP values obtained before the interventions. The differences between the moments were established by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The reductions in systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were 6.9 mmHg and 5.3 mmHg, respectively, with resistance training and 16.5 mmHg and 11.6 mmHg, respectively, with aerobic training. The kinetics of the hypotensive response of the SBP showed significant reductions until the 20th session in both groups. Stabilization of the DBP occurred in the 20th session of resistance training and in the 10th session of aerobic training. Conclusion A total of 20 sessions of resistance or aerobic training are required to achieve the maximum benefits of BP reduction. The methods investigated yielded distinct adaptive kinetic patterns along the 50 sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Rodrigues Damorim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Educação da Física da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco -
UFPE, Recife, PE - Brazil
| | - Tony Meireles Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Educação da Física da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco -
UFPE, Recife, PE - Brazil
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22
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Jacomini AM, Dias DDS, Brito JDO, da Silva RF, Monteiro HL, Llesuy S, De Angelis K, Amaral SL, Zago AS. Influence of Estimated Training Status on Anti and Pro-Oxidant Activity, Nitrite Concentration, and Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged and Older Women. Front Physiol 2017; 8:122. [PMID: 28326041 PMCID: PMC5339307 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the association between anti and pro-oxidant activity, nitrite concentration, and blood pressure (BP) in middle-aged and older women with different levels of estimated training status (TS). The sample consisted of 155 females (50-84 years) who were submitted to a physical examination to evaluate estimated TS through the "Functional Fitness Battery Test," BP measurements, and plasma blood samples to evaluate pro-oxidant and antioxidant activity and nitrite concentrations. Participants were separated by age into a middle-aged group (<65 years) and an older (≥65 years) group and then subdivided in each group according to TS. Blood biochemistry was similar between groups. On the other hand, protein oxidation was lower in participants with higher TS, independent of age. Older females with higher TS presented higher nitrite concentrations, lower lipoperoxidation, and lower values of BP compared with those with lower TS. Lower GPx activity was observed in participants with higher TS compared with middle-aged with lower TS. Thus, our results suggest that good levels of TS may be associated with lower oxidative stress and higher nitrite concentration and may contribute to maintain normal or reduced blood pressure values.
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Affiliation(s)
- André M. Jacomini
- Department of Physical Education, School of Science, São Paulo State UniversityBauru, Brazil
| | | | | | - Roberta F. da Silva
- Department of Physical Education, School of Science, São Paulo State UniversityBauru, Brazil
| | - Henrique L. Monteiro
- Department of Physical Education, School of Science, São Paulo State UniversityBauru, Brazil
| | - Susana Llesuy
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra L. Amaral
- Department of Physical Education, School of Science, São Paulo State UniversityBauru, Brazil
| | - Anderson S. Zago
- Department of Physical Education, School of Science, São Paulo State UniversityBauru, Brazil
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23
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Cunha RM, Vilaça-Alves J, Noleto MV, Silva JS, Costa AM, Silva CNF, Póvoa TIR, Lehnen AM. Acute blood pressure response in hypertensive elderly women immediately after water aerobics exercise: A crossover study. Clin Exp Hypertens 2017; 39:17-22. [PMID: 28045559 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2016.1226891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Water aerobics exercise is widely recommended for elderly people. However, little is known about the acute effects on hemodynamic variables. Thus, we assessed the effects of a water aerobic session on blood pressure in hypertensive elderly women. Fifty hypertensive elderly women aged 67.8 ± 4.1 years, 1.5 ± 0.6 m high and BMI 28.6 ± 3.9 kg/m2, participated in a crossover clinical trial. The experiment consisted of a 45-minute water aerobics session (70%-75% HRmax adjusted for the aquatic environment) (ES) and a control session (no exercise for 45 minutes) (CS). Heart rate was monitored using a heart rate monitor and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) measurements were taken using a semi-automatic monitor before and immediately after the sessions, and at 10, 20 and 30 minutes thereafter. It was using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) with Bonferroni's post-hoc test (p < 0.05). At the end of the experimental session, ES showed a rise in SBP of 17.4 mmHg (14.3%, p < 0.001) and DBP of 5.4 mmHg (7.8%, p < 0.001) compared to CS. At 10 minutes after exercise, BP declined in ES by a greater magnitude than in CS (SBP 7.5 mmHg, 6.2%, p = 0.005 and DBP 3.8 mmHg, 5.5%, p = 0.013). At 20 minutes after exercise and thereafter, SBP and DBP were similar in both ES and CS. In conclusion, BP returned to control levels within 10-20 minutes remaining unchanged until 30 minutes after exercise, and post-exercise hypotension was not observed. Besides, BP changed after exercise was a safe rise of small magnitude for hypertensive people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Martins Cunha
- a Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul/University Foundation of Cardiology , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil.,b Exercise Physiology Laboratory, State University of Goiás, Goiás , Goiás , Brazil
| | - José Vilaça-Alves
- c Department of Sport Sciences , Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro University, Exercise and Health, Vila Real , Portugal
| | | | - Juliana Sá Silva
- d Institute of Physical Education, Federal University of Mato Grosso , Cuiabá , Mato Grosso , Brazil
| | - Andressa Moura Costa
- b Exercise Physiology Laboratory, State University of Goiás, Goiás , Goiás , Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Machado Lehnen
- a Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul/University Foundation of Cardiology , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil
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24
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Neves RVP, Souza MK, Passos CS, Bacurau RFP, Simoes HG, Prestes J, Boim MA, Câmara NOS, Franco MDCP, Moraes MR. Resistance Training in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats with Severe Hypertension. Arq Bras Cardiol 2016; 106:201-9. [PMID: 26840054 PMCID: PMC4811275 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20160019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance training (RT) has been recommended as a non-pharmacological treatment for moderate hypertension. In spite of the important role of exercise intensity on training prescription, there is still no data regarding the effects of RT intensity on severe hypertension (SH). OBJECTIVE This study examined the effects of two RT protocols (vertical ladder climbing), performed at different overloads of maximal weight carried (MWC), on blood pressure (BP) and muscle strength of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with SH. METHODS Fifteen male SHR ENT#091;206 ± 10 mmHg of systolic BP (SBP)ENT#093; and five Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY; 119 ± 10 mmHg of SBP) were divided into 4 groups: sedentary (SED-WKY) and SHR (SED-SHR); RT1-SHR training relative to body weight (~40% of MWC); and RT2-SHR training relative to MWC test (~70% of MWC). Systolic BP and heart rate (HR) were measured weekly using the tail-cuff method. The progression of muscle strength was determined once every fifteen days. The RT consisted of 3 weekly sessions on non-consecutive days for 12-weeks. RESULTS Both RT protocols prevented the increase in SBP (delta - 5 and -7 mmHg, respectively; p > 0.05), whereas SBP of the SED-SHR group increased by 19 mmHg (p < 0.05). There was a decrease in HR only for the RT1 group (p < 0.05). There was a higher increase in strength in the RT2 (140%; p < 0.05) group as compared with RT1 (11%; p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that both RT protocols were effective in preventing chronic elevation of SBP in SH. Additionally, a higher RT overload induced a greater increase in muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michel Kendy Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Clévia Santos Passos
- Divisão de Nefrologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Herbert Gustavo Simoes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Jonato Prestes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Mirian Aparecida Boim
- Divisão de Nefrologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Divisão de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Pinho Franco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Translacional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Milton Rocha Moraes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Training Status as a Marker of the Relationship between Nitric Oxide, Oxidative Stress, and Blood Pressure in Older Adult Women. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:8262383. [PMID: 26697141 PMCID: PMC4678091 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8262383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of functional fitness and oxidative capacity on the nitric oxide concentration associated with hemodynamic control in older adult women. The sample consisted of 134 women (65.73 ± 6.14 years old). All subjects underwent a physical examination to assess body mass index, waist-hip ratio, body fat measurement by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and blood pressure (BP). Training status (TS) was evaluated by indirect determination of maximal oxygen uptake by a treadmill test using Balke protocol modified for older adults. Functional fitness was also evaluated through a “Functional Fitness Battery Test” to determine the general fitness functional index (GFFI). All participants were separated according to the functional fitness (TS1, very weak and weak; TS2, regular; TS3, good and very good). Plasma blood samples were used to evaluate prooxidant and antioxidant activity and nitrite and nitrate concentrations. The general results of this study showed that good levels of TS were related to lower levels of lipoperoxidation and protein damage, higher levels of antioxidant, and higher concentration of nitrite and nitrate. This combination may be responsible for the lower levels of BP in subjects with better TS.
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Cunha VN, de Paula Lima M, Motta-Santos D, Pesquero JL, de Andrade RV, de Almeida JA, Araujo RC, Grubert Campbell CS, Lewis JE, Simões HG. Role of exercise intensity on GLUT4 content, aerobic fitness and fasting plasma glucose in type 2 diabetic mice. Cell Biochem Funct 2015; 33:435-42. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verusca Najara Cunha
- Graduate Program on Physical Education and Health; Catholic University of Brasilia; Brasília DF Brazil
| | - Mérica de Paula Lima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
- Basic Nursing Department; School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Daisy Motta-Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-NANOBIOFAR); Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Jorge Luiz Pesquero
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | | | - Jeeser Alves de Almeida
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-NANOBIOFAR); Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | | | | | - John E. Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine; Miami FL USA
| | - Herbert Gustavo Simões
- Graduate Program on Physical Education and Health; Catholic University of Brasilia; Brasília DF Brazil
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Cucato GG, Chehuen MDR, Ritti-Dias RM, Carvalho CRF, Wolosker N, Saxton JM, Forjaz CLDM. Post-walking exercise hypotension in patients with intermittent claudication. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015; 47:460-7. [PMID: 25033263 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the acute effect of intermittent walking exercise (WE) on blood pressure (BP) responses in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). Secondly, this study aimed to gain improved insight into the physiological mechanisms controlling BP regulation after intermittent WE in this patient group. METHODS Twenty patients with IC participated in two experimental sessions in a random order, as follows: WE (15 × 2-min bouts of WE interpolated with 2-min rest intervals) and control (standing rest on a treadmill for 60 min). BP, cardiac output (CO: CO2 rebreathing), and cardiovascular autonomic modulation (spectral analysis of HR variability) were assessed before and after both experimental sessions during supine rest, and stroke volume (SV) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) were calculated. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. RESULTS WE decreased systolic, diastolic, and mean BP, with net effects of -13 ± 2, -5 ± 2, and -7 ± 2 mm Hg versus control, respectively (all P < 0.05). WE also decreased SV (-5.62 ± 1.97 mL, P < 0.05) and CO (-0.05 ± 0.13 L·min(-1), P < 0.05) versus preintervention and prevented the observed increase in SVR in the control condition (+4.2 ± 1.4 U, P < 0.05). HR showed a decrease (P < 0.05), consistent with evidence of increased vagal modulation, in the control condition. BP measurements over the subsequent 24 h were similar between experimental conditions. CONCLUSIONS In patients with IC, WE induced a postexercise hypotension response that had a significant magnitude versus control but was not maintained over the next 24 h of daily activities. The acute postexercise hypotension response was mediated by a decrease in CO and SV, which was not compensated by an augmentation of SVR, as observed in the control arm of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Grizzo Cucato
- 1Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, BRAZIL; 2Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL; 3School of Physical Education, Pernambuco University, Pernambuco, BRAZIL; 4Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL; and 5School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UNITED KINGDOM
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Mazzoccante RP, Sousa IRCD, Moreira SR, Prestes J, Simões HG, Campbell CSG. The period of the day affects the twenty-four hour blood pressure response to an acute combined exercise session in Brazilian jiu jitsu athletes. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742015000300009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the effect of a combined exercise session performed at different periods of the day on the 24h blood pressure (BP) response. Anaerobic threshold (AT) and 12 repetition maximum (12RM) tests were evaluated in nine Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes (male) (22±3.7 y; 176±5.0 cm; 73.4±9.7 kg; 6.8±2.1 % body fat). Four experimental sessions were performed: resistance exercise followed by aerobic exercise [Morning (MornS) and Afternoon (AfternS)] and Control (C) [Morning and Afternoon]. The morning sessions were conducted at 09:00 a.m. and the afternoon sessions were conducted at 3:00 p.m. The resistance exercise consisted of three sets at 90% of a 12RM for six resistance exercises. The aerobic exercise consisted of 15min at 90% of the AT. Blood pressure (BP) was measured before, during and 1h (Microlife(r) BP3A1C) after the performance of exercises in laboratory, and then during daily activities for the succeeding 23h by ambulatory BP monitoring (Dyna-MAPA(r)). Analysis of the area under the curve (AUC) indicated significant reductions in blood pressure parameters at various time points during the 24h monitoring period. For systolic BP (SBP), significantly lower values were shown following the morning session versus the control (MornS: 1756.2±100.8 vs. C: 1818.2±84.3 mmHg*15h; p < .05) and total-24h (MornS: 2695.8±143.3 vs. C: 2784.1±143.2 mmHg*24h; p < .05). The total-24h mean BP (MAP) was also significantly lower following the morning session versus the control (MornS: 2015.7±121.2 vs. C: 2087.3±153.8 mmHg*24h; p < .05). There were significant differences in the sleeping AUC of SBP (AfternS: 883.6±27.0 vs. C: 965.2±67.9 mmHg*9h; p< .05), diastolic BP (DBP) (AfternS: 481.4±30.9 vs. MornS: 552.9±34.2 and C: 562.1±52.3 mmHg*9h; p < .01) and MBP (AfternS: 651.9±22.4 vs. MornS: 708.7±43.1 and C: 726.9±64.7 mmHg*9h; p < .01). The combined exercise performed at different periods of the day contributed distinctly to the reduction of BP. The morning session was important in reducing SBP and MBP in the total-24h monitoring, while the afternoon session reduced SBP, DBP and MBP during sleeping in jiu-Jitsu athletes.
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Goessler KF, Cornelissen VA, de Oliveira EM, de F Mota G, Polito MD. ACE polymorphisms and the acute response of blood pressure to a walk in medicated hypertensive patients. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2015; 16:720-9. [DOI: 10.1177/1470320315600086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karla F Goessler
- Research Group of Cardiovascular Response and Exercise, State University of Londrina, Brazil
- Research Group of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Véronique A Cornelissen
- Research Group of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Glória de F Mota
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos D Polito
- Research Group of Cardiovascular Response and Exercise, State University of Londrina, Brazil
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Brito LC, Queiroz ACC, Forjaz CLM. Influence of population and exercise protocol characteristics on hemodynamic determinants of post-aerobic exercise hypotension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 47:626-36. [PMID: 25098713 PMCID: PMC4165289 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20143832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to differences in study populations and protocols, the hemodynamic determinants
of post-aerobic exercise hypotension (PAEH) are controversial. This review analyzed
the factors that might influence PAEH hemodynamic determinants, through a search on
PubMed using the following key words: “postexercise” or “post-exercise” combined with
“hypotension”, “blood pressure”, “cardiac output”, and “peripheral vascular
resistance”, and “aerobic exercise” combined only with “blood pressure”. Forty-seven
studies were selected, and the following characteristics were analyzed: age, gender,
training status, body mass index status, blood pressure status, exercise intensity,
duration and mode (continuous or interval), time of day, and recovery position. Data
analysis showed that 1) most postexercise hypotension cases are due
to a reduction in systemic vascular resistance; 2) age, body mass
index, and blood pressure status influence postexercise hemodynamics, favoring
cardiac output decrease in elderly, overweight, and hypertensive subjects;
3) gender and training status do not have an isolated influence;
4) exercise duration, intensity, and mode also do not affect
postexercise hemodynamics; 5) time of day might have an influence,
but more data are needed; and 6) recovery in the supine position
facilitates systemic vascular resistance decrease. In conclusion, many factors may
influence postexercise hypotension hemodynamics, and future studies should directly
address these specific influences because different combinations may explain the
observed variability in postexercise hemodynamic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Brito
- Laboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Motora, Departamento de Biodinâmica do Movimento do Corpo Humano, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A C C Queiroz
- Laboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Motora, Departamento de Biodinâmica do Movimento do Corpo Humano, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - C L M Forjaz
- Laboratório de Hemodinâmica da Atividade Motora, Departamento de Biodinâmica do Movimento do Corpo Humano, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Teixeira TG, Tibana RA, Nascimento DDC, de Sousa NMF, de Souza VC, Vieira DCL, Nóbrega ODT, de Almeida JA, Navalta J, Prestes J. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase Glu298Asp gene polymorphism influences body composition and biochemical parameters but not the nitric oxide response to eccentric resistance exercise in elderly obese women. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2015; 36:482-489. [PMID: 26046684 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Both endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphism and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in important cardiovascular, muscular and inflammatory physiological mechanisms during ageing and response to exercise. The aim of this study was to investigate the NO kinetic response following an acute eccentric resistance exercise (ERE) session and the possible effect of the Glu298Asp eNOS gene polymorphism in elderly obese women. Eighty-seven women (age 69·4 ± 6·1 years, body weight 74·9 ± 12·7 kg, height 151·9 ± 6·0 cm and BMI 32·5 ± 5·7 kg m-2 ) completed seven sets of ten eccentric repetitions at 110% of the ten repetitions maximum (10RM). NO concentrations remained elevated up to 48 h following the acute ERE session as compared with baseline, for GG and GT/TT groups (P<0·05), with no differences between genotypes. The GG genotype group had higher body weight, prevalence of obesity (BMI classification - 81% versus 56%), BMI and higher relative muscle strength, while they had significantly lower triglycerides, VLDL and urea concentrations as compared with TT/TG group. In conclusion, NO remains elevated for up to 48 h after an acute ERE session, without genotype interaction. The TT/TG genotype had a negative impact on triglycerides, VLDL and urea concentrations. Thus, T carriers should increase their attention to cardiovascular risk factor and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Gomes Teixeira
- Catholic University of Brasilia, Graduation Program on Physical Education, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Ramires Alsamir Tibana
- Catholic University of Brasilia, Graduation Program on Physical Education, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vinicius Carolino de Souza
- Catholic University of Brasilia, Graduation Program on Physical Education, Brasilia, Brazil.,University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - James Navalta
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Jonato Prestes
- Catholic University of Brasilia, Graduation Program on Physical Education, Brasilia, Brazil.
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Brito ADF, de Oliveira CVC, Brasileiro-Santos MDS, Santos ADC. Resistance exercise with different volumes: blood pressure response and forearm blood flow in the hypertensive elderly. Clin Interv Aging 2014; 9:2151-8. [PMID: 25540580 PMCID: PMC4270306 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s53441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of two sessions of resistance exercise with different volumes on post-exercise hypotension, forearm blood flow, and forearm vascular resistance in hypertensive elderly subjects. Methods The study was conducted with ten hypertensive elderly (65±3 years, 28.7±3 kg/m2) subjected to three experimental sessions, ie, a control session, exercise with a set (S1), and exercise with three sets (S3). For each session, the subjects were evaluated before and after intervention. In the pre-intervention period, blood pressure, forearm blood flow, and forearm vascular resistance were measured after 10 minutes of rest in the supine position. Thereafter, the subjects were taken to the gym to perform their exercise sessions or remained at rest during the same time period. Both S1 and S3 comprised a set of ten repetitions of ten exercises, with an interval of 90 seconds between exercises. Subsequently, the measurements were again performed at 10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 minutes of recovery (post-intervention) in the supine position. Results Post-exercise hypotension was greater in S3 than in S1 (systolic blood pressure, −26.5±4.2 mmHg versus −17.9±4.7 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure, −13.8±4.9 mmHg versus −7.7±5 mmHg, P<0.05). Similarly, forearm blood flow and forearm vascular resistance changed significantly in both sessions with an increase and decrease, respectively, that was more evident in S3 than in S1 (P<0.05). Conclusion Resistance exercises with higher volume were more effective in causing post-exercise hypotension, being accompanied by an increase in forearm blood flow and a reduction of forearm vascular resistance.
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da Silva RF, Sertório JTC, Lacchini R, Trapé AA, Tanus-Santos JE, Rush JWE, Amaral SL, Zago AS. Influence of training status and eNOS haplotypes on plasma nitrite concentrations in normotensive older adults: a hypothesis-generating study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2014; 26:591-8. [PMID: 24760600 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-014-0218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between 3 eNOS gene polymorphisms and training status (TS) in affecting plasma nitrite concentration (NO2) in normotensive adults over 50 years old. Resting blood pressure (BP) was measured in all participants (n = 101). Plasma was taken to analyze: lipid profile, nitrite concentration (NO2) and lipid peroxide levels (T-BARS). Also, genomic DNA was extracted from plasma for genotyping NOS3 polymorphisms (-786T>C; 894G>T; and VNTR in intron 4). TS was determined by one-mile walk test and Functional Fitness Test Battery from AAHPERD (TS1-regular TS; TS2-good TS; and TS3-very good TS). BP was not influenced by TS, but NO2 was 15% higher in TS3 (123 ± 27 nM) compared to TS-2 (106 ± 22 nM). No differences were found in plasma NO2 in the haplotype analyses. However, the presence of the C allele (T-786C) and ASP allele (Glu298Asp) was found to enhance the correlation between TS and NO2 levels (r = 0.492 in C/4b/ASP haplotype and r = 0.855 in C/4a/ASP haplotype). This study thus identifies NOS3 polymorphism-dependent sensitivity to the effects of physical training on plasma NO2. Maintenance of good levels of training status, in carriers of C allele for T-786C polymorphism, combined with ASP allele for Glu298Asp polymorphism, may result in an increase in the NO2 plasma concentrations, which may reflect improved NO bioavailability in older adult normotensive individuals.
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