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Kiss O, Baker FC, Palovics R, Dooley EE, Pettee Gabriel K, Nagata JM. Using explainable machine learning and fitbit data to investigate predictors of adolescent obesity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12563. [PMID: 38821981 PMCID: PMC11143310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60811-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors (sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behavior) may predict obesity risk in early adolescence; a critical period during the life course. Analyzing data from 2971 participants (M = 11.94, SD = 0.64 years) wearing Fitbit Charge HR 2 devices in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, glass box machine learning models identified obesity predictors from Fitbit-derived measures of sleep, cardiovascular fitness, and sociodemographic status. Key predictors of obesity include identifying as Non-White race, low household income, later bedtime, short sleep duration, variable sleep timing, low daily step counts, and high heart rates (AUCMean = 0.726). Findings highlight the importance of inadequate sleep, physical inactivity, and socioeconomic disparities, for obesity risk. Results also show the clinical applicability of wearables for continuous monitoring of sleep and cardiovascular fitness in adolescents. Identifying the tipping points in the predictors of obesity risk can inform interventions and treatment strategies to reduce obesity rates in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Kiss
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
| | - Fiona C Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Robert Palovics
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erin E Dooley
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Jason M Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Johannes C, Roman NV, Onagbiye SO, Titus S, Leach LL. Strategies and Best Practices That Enhance the Physical Activity Levels of Undergraduate University Students: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:173. [PMID: 38397664 PMCID: PMC10888190 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Significant numbers of undergraduate university students are not meeting the physical activity guidelines recommended by the World Health Organisation. These guidelines suggest that university students should aim for 150-300 min of moderate or 75-150 min of vigorous physical activity. Strategic interventions need to be implemented to address this global public health concern. The aim of this study was to review the strategies and best practices to enhance the physical activity levels of undergraduate university students. Utilising the PRISMA guidelines, electronic databases-PubMed, Science Direct, Academic Search Complete, ERIC, Web of Science, CINAHL, SAGE, and SPORTDiscus-were searched between September 2022 and February 2023 using terms and synonyms related to physical activity, strategies, best practices, and undergraduate university students. Studies were critically assessed for their quality using an adapted version of the CASP and RE-AIM frameworks. Eleven articles met the inclusion criteria for the review. The studies reported the use of social media platforms, mobile phone applications, web-based technology, online text messages, in-person classes, and an "exergame" as methods to increase engagement in physical activity. Findings from this review indicated that validated questionnaires emerged as the predominant measurement tool. Furthermore, the frequent use of social network sites served as a best practice for implementing and promoting physical activity interventions. It is recommended that universities promote health-enhancing physical activities based on current trends and strategies, such as technology-based interventions and the use of social media, that are relevant to contemporary university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanté Johannes
- Department of Sports, Recreation, and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (S.O.O.); (S.T.); (L.L.L.)
| | - Nicolette V. Roman
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies of Children, Families, and Society, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | - Sunday O. Onagbiye
- Department of Sports, Recreation, and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (S.O.O.); (S.T.); (L.L.L.)
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Frederick Community College, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Simone Titus
- Department of Sports, Recreation, and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (S.O.O.); (S.T.); (L.L.L.)
- Centre for Health Professions Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Lloyd L. Leach
- Department of Sports, Recreation, and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (S.O.O.); (S.T.); (L.L.L.)
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Zmerly H, Milanese C, El Ghoch M, Itani L, Tannir H, Kreidieh D, Yumuk V, Pellegrini M. Personalized Physical Activity Programs for the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis in Individuals with Obesity: A Patient-Centered Approach. Diseases 2023; 11:182. [PMID: 38131988 PMCID: PMC10742871 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) plays a vital role in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) management. However, engaging individuals with KOA in regular exercise is challenging, especially when they are affected by obesity. The aim of the current review is to elucidate how to increase adherence to exercise in this population. When implementing a PA program with patients with KOA and obesity, a specific multi-step approach can be adopted. In phase I (the baseline assessment), the patients' eligibility for exercise is ascertained and a physical fitness assessment, sarcopenic obesity screening and quantification of the pain experienced are undertaken. Phase II adopts a patient-centered approach in implementing a PA program that combines an active lifestyle (>6000 steps/day) with land- or water-based exercise programs performed over eight to twelve weeks, with a frequency of three to five sessions per week, each lasting 60 min. In phase III, several strategies can be used to increase the patients' adherence to higher levels of PA, including the following: (i) personalizing PA goal-setting and real-time monitoring; (ii) enhancing physical fitness and the management of sarcopenic obesity; (iii) building a sustainable environment and a supportive social network for an active lifestyle; and (iv) reducing pain, which can ameliorate the clinical severity of KOA and help with weight management in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Zmerly
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Unit, Villa Erbosa Hospital, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
- Ludes Campus, 6912 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Milanese
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37131 Verona, Italy;
| | - Marwan El Ghoch
- Center for the Study of Metabolism, Body Composition and Lifestyle, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-5020, Lebanon; (L.I.); (H.T.); (D.K.)
| | - Hana Tannir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-5020, Lebanon; (L.I.); (H.T.); (D.K.)
| | - Dima Kreidieh
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-5020, Lebanon; (L.I.); (H.T.); (D.K.)
| | - Volkan Yumuk
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34363 Istanbul, Türkiye;
| | - Massimo Pellegrini
- Center for the Study of Metabolism, Body Composition and Lifestyle, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
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Brunet J, Sharma S, Price J, Black M. Acceptability and Usability of a Theory-Driven Intervention via Email to Promote Physical Activity in Women Who Are Overweight or Obese: Substudy Within a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e48301. [PMID: 37788048 PMCID: PMC10582810 DOI: 10.2196/48301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient physical activity (PA) and excess weight increase illness risk for women. Face-to-face interventions can increase PA levels; however, they are often inaccessible. With growing interest in digital interventions, a Self-Determination Theory (SDT)-driven intervention was developed and delivered via email to promote PA in women who were insufficiently active and overweight or obese. OBJECTIVE This substudy explores users' perspectives about the acceptability and usability of the intervention, which was coupled with a wearable activity monitor and PA recommendations. METHODS A 3-arm, parallel group, randomized controlled trial (unblinded) was conducted in Ontario, Canada. Recruitment occurred from September 2018 to March 2019 via advertising through social media, web-based boards, and posters in publicly accessible areas. In total, 47 women with a BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 who were not meeting the Canadian PA guidelines were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 arms (arm 1: n=15, 32%; arm 2: n=16, 34%; arm 3: n=16, 34%). This substudy focused on the 15 participants allocated to the main intervention arm. Participants received an automated intervention consisting of (1) 6 weekly emails, (2) a Polar Electro Inc A300 activity monitor (with access to the Polar Flow website and companion smartphone app), and (3) a copy of the Canadian PA guidelines for adults. Emails were developed using SDT and designed to enhance autonomous motivation by fostering the psychological needs of competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Well-established motivational and behavior change techniques were embedded in the emails to promote needs satisfaction. After the intervention (ie, 7 weeks after randomization), participants were invited to complete a web-based acceptability and usability survey containing open-ended and closed-ended questions; responses were analyzed using descriptive and content analyses, respectively. RESULTS The analyses included data from 93% (14/15) of the women (age: mean 33.4, SD 7.5; range 24-44 years; BMI: mean 31.3, SD 5.8 kg/m2; range 25-40.5 kg/m2) who received the main intervention and completed the postintervention survey. Open-ended responses indicated that participants were generally satisfied with the intervention and appreciated that emails prompted self-reflection, kept them on track and accountable, provided informational support, and were nonpressuring. Furthermore, they suggested that the monitor was "enjoyable" and "helpful"; quantitative data corroborated this, as 71% (10/14) said that the monitor was "very valuable/absolutely valuable," 71% (10/14) would "very probably/definitely" still use one, and 86% (12/14) wore it for ≥5 days per week for ≥8 hours per day and checked it "occasionally/frequently/very frequently." Potential threats to acceptability included "long" and "text-heavy" emails; lack of personal contact; and cumbersome, unaesthetic monitors. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that this SDT-driven, email-delivered intervention may be an acceptable low-contact approach to promote PA in women who are overweight or obese and insufficiently active; however, improvements are warranted and studies ascertaining its effectiveness are needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03601663; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03601663. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1177/20552076221093134.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Brunet
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sitara Sharma
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jenson Price
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Black
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Watson PK, Eitivipart AC, Davis GM, Arora M, Middleton JW, De Oliveira CQ. Effects of behaviour change interventions on physical activity in people with spinal cord injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 67:102408. [PMID: 37665869 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review investigated the effectiveness of behaviour-change interventions to improve physical activity (PA) participation in individuals with a spinal cord injury. Additionally, the review sought to analyse the change in PA behaviour that might be expected by utilising behaviour change in PA interventions and what specific intervention characteristics, application of behaviour change theories, and behaviour change techniques are most efficacious. METHODS The protocol was prospectively registered on PROSPERO: CRD42021252744, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed in this review. Eight databases were comprehensively searched using a well-defined strategy developed in collaboration with an academic liaison librarian. Randomised, non-randomised controlled, and non-controlled studies were included in this review; however, controlled and non-controlled studies were analysed separately. Studies were included if participants were older than 16 years and had an SCI of any cause, level or severity, regardless of the time since injury. The behaviour change technique taxonomy version 1 was used to code the intervention characteristics for behaviour modification. The combined effects across studies were pooled in a meta-analysis, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. RESULTS The search retrieved 10,155 titles and abstracts. After duplicate removal and screening against the eligibility criteria, 23 studies were included. The overall effect estimate of the change in PA participation in the controlled trials post-intervention was medium (d = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.31-0.70) in favour of behaviour-targeted interventions. The mean difference in PA volume between pre- and post-intervention was an increase of 22 minutes per week (95% CI = 5.96-38.90). Interventions that provided practical support (d = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.46-1.16), which were individualised (d = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.34-0.90) and that utilised monitoring (d = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.34-0.83) had a greater effect on change to PA than those that were group-based and did not utilise those specific techniques. CONCLUSIONS Interventions that target behaviour change to increase PA in people with SCI appear effective. Utilising behaviour change frameworks and specific behaviour change techniques augments PA uptake and levels, and interventions aimed at improving PA in people with SCI should incorporate a behaviour modification component. More research is needed on the isolated effect of intervention structure parameters and specific behaviour change techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul K Watson
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faulty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Aitthanatt C Eitivipart
- Accessibility and Assistive Technology Research Team, Assistive Technology and Medical Devices Research Centre, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Glen M Davis
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faulty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mohit Arora
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, The Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Translational Research Collective, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James W Middleton
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, The Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia; Translational Research Collective, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Camila Quel De Oliveira
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Brodin N, Conradsson DM, Swinnen TW, Esbensen BA, Kennedy N, Hammer NM, McKenna S, Henriksson P, Nordgren B. Self-report and device-based physical activity measures and adherence to physical activity recommendations: a cross-sectional survey among people with inflammatory joint disease in four European countries. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e064278. [PMID: 36746546 PMCID: PMC9906173 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Self-monitoring of physical activity (PA) has the potential to contribute to successful behaviour change in PA interventions in different populations, including people with inflammatory joint diseases (IJDs). The objectives of this study were to describe the use and knowledge of self-report-based and device-based PA measures in people with IJDs in four European countries, and to explore if the use of such devices, sociodemographic or disease-related variables were associated with adherence to the recommendations of at least 150 min of moderate to vigorous PA per week. SETTING Cross-sectional survey, performed in 2015-2016. PARTICIPANTS People with IJDs in Belgium, Denmark, Ireland and Sweden. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Use of self-report and device-based PA measures, receipt of instructions how to use PA measures, confidence in using them, adherence to PA recommendations and associated factors for adherence to PA recommendations. RESULTS Of the 1305 respondents answering questions on PA measures, 600 (46%) reported use of any kind of self-report or device-based measures to self-monitor PA. Between country differences of 34%-58% was observed. Six per cent and four per cent received instructions from health professionals on how to use simple and complex devices, respectively. Independent associated factors of fulfilment of recommendations of PA were living in Ireland (OR=84.89, p<0.001) and Sweden (OR=1.68, p=0.017) compared with living in Denmark, not perceiving activity limitations in moderate activities (OR=1.92, p<0.001) and using a device to measure PA (OR=1.56, p<0.001). Those living in Belgium (OR=0.21, p<0.001) were less likely to fulfil recommendations of PA. CONCLUSIONS Almost half of the participants with IJDs used self-report-based or deviced-based PA measures, although few used wearable devices regularly. The results indicate that participants meeting public PA health guidelines were engaged in self-monitoring of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Brodin
- Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Physiotherapy, Orthopaedic Clinic, Danderyds Sjukhus AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Moulaee Conradsson
- Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Medical Unit Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professional, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thijs Willem Swinnen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Rheumatology, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bente Appel Esbensen
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (Copecare), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Norelee Kennedy
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Nanna Maria Hammer
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (Copecare), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Sean McKenna
- Health Service Executive, Department of Physiotherapy, University of Limerick Hospitals Group, Dooradoyle, Ireland
| | - Peter Henriksson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyds Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Nordgren
- Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Medical Unit Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professional, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Wang SCY, Kassavou A. Digital Health Behavioural Interventions to Support Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Adults after Stroke: A Systematic Literature Review with Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13010062. [PMID: 36661634 PMCID: PMC9855227 DOI: 10.3390/bs13010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As the global prevalence of stroke continues to rise, it becomes increasingly pressing to investigate digital health behaviour change interventions that promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour for stroke patients to support active lifestyles. Purpose: The primary aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of digital health interventions in promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviour for stroke patients. The secondary aim is to investigate the intervention components that explain intervention effectiveness to further inform intervention development and policy making. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted in four databases (Scopus, MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and PsychINFO) to identify the most robust evidence in the form of randomised controlled trials of digital interventions for patients with stroke. A random-effects meta-analysis were utilized to quantify the intervention effects on behaviour change, and subgroup analyses to characterise intervention effective components. Results: In total, 16 RCTs were deemed eligible and included in the systematic review. Meta-analyses suggested significant improvements in physical activity (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI 0.17, 0.61, N = 326, p < 0.001, I2 = 0%), and reductions in time of sedentary behaviour (SMD= −0.45, 95% CI −0.76, -0.14, N = 167, p = 0.00, I2 = 0%) after stroke. The 10 m walk test for physical activity, and the timed up and go test for sedentary behaviour, were the objective outcome measures in the most effective behavioural change interventions. Subgroup analyses found that most effective interventions were underpinned by theories of self-regulation and utilised interactive functions to engage patients with the processes of behaviour change. Conclusions: Digital self-monitoring behavioural interventions are effective in promoting physical activity for stroke patients in adjunct to usual care clinical practice and rehabilitation programmes. Rigorous studies are required to provide evidence to disentangle the most effective intervention components for preventative practices and rehabilitation programs and to inform policymaking for stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Caitlin Yen Wang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK
- Correspondence: (S.C.Y.W.); (A.K.)
| | - Aikaterini Kassavou
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK
- Correspondence: (S.C.Y.W.); (A.K.)
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Wang R, Zhang H. Who spread COVID-19 (mis)information online? Differential informedness, psychological mechanisms, and intervention strategies. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023; 138:107486. [PMID: 36120514 PMCID: PMC9467818 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Based on a regional survey conducted in five cities of China (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, and Wuhan) in January 2020 and a national survey experiment conducted in 31 provinces of China in December 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, we investigated the intentions for the misinformed, uninformed, and informed individuals to spread COVID-19 related (mis)information online and the psychological factors affecting their distinct sharing behaviors. We found that (1) both misinformed and uninformed individuals were more likely to spread misinformation and less likely to share fact as compared with the informed ones; (2) the reasons for the misinformed individuals to spread misinformation resembled those for the informed ones to share truth, but the uninformed ones shared misinformation based on different motivations; and (3) information that arouses positive emotions were more likely to go viral than that arouses negative feelings in the context of COVID-19, regardless of facticity. The implications of these findings were discussed in terms of how people react to misinformation when coping with risk, and intervention strategies were proposed to combat COVID-19 or other types of misinformation in risk scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Kim BH, Lee H. Associations Between Smartphone Use for Physical Activity by South Korean College Students and Behavioral Change Constructs of the Transtheoretical Model. Percept Mot Skills 2022; 129:1270-1282. [PMID: 35522152 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221099258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We examined associations between smartphone uses to assist physical activity (PA) and change constructs of the transtheoretical model (TTM) among Korean college students. Our participants were 242 college students who completed a cross-sectional survey of their smartphone use, PA, and TTM constructs. We applied Poisson regression models to test the associations between stages of change and smartphone PA use frequencies in four categories over the previous week: 1= watching PA instruction videos; 2 = tracking PA; 3 = searching and booking sites for PA; and 4 = finding and making appointments with PA partners. The associations between these smartphone uses and participants' self-efficacy, decisional balance, processes of change, and PA were tested via ordinary least squares regression models. Results were that participants in the precontemplation and maintenance stages were the least and most frequent users of the smartphones in all four categories, respectively. Category one usage was positively associated with participants' scores on pros (β = .22, p = .004), cognitive processes of change (β = .30, p < .001), and behavioral processes of change (β = .28, p < .001). Category two usage was positively associated with PA (β = .06, p = .048). While category three usage was not significantly associated with any TTM constructs except for stages of change, category four usage was positively associated with self-efficacy (β = .28, p < .001), pros (β = .30, p < .001), cognitive processes of change (β = .31, p < .001), behavioral processes of change (β = .06, p <. 001), and PA (β = .45, p < .001). These findings suggest that (a) active college students are likely to take advantage of smartphone to assist their PA, and (b) smartphones can help motivate college students toward regular PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Sport and Health Promotion, 35005Sangmyung University, South Korea
| | - Hyo Lee
- Department of Sport and Health Promotion, 35005Sangmyung University, South Korea
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10
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Lally P, Miller N, Roberts A, Beeken RJ, Greenfield DM, Potts HWW, Counsell N, Latimer N, Thomas C, Smith L, Gath J, Kennedy F, Martin C, Wyld L, Fisher A. An app with brief behavioural support to promote physical activity after a cancer diagnosis (APPROACH): study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:74. [PMID: 35351187 PMCID: PMC8961486 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-01028-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are multiple health benefits from participating in physical activity after a cancer diagnosis, but many people living with and beyond cancer (LWBC) are not meeting physical activity guidelines. App-based interventions offer a promising platform for intervention delivery. This trial aims to pilot a theory-driven, app-based intervention that promotes brisk walking among people living with and beyond cancer. The primary aim is to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of study procedures before conducting a larger randomised controlled trial (RCT). Methods This is an individually randomised, two-armed pilot RCT. Patients with localised or metastatic breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer, who are aged 16 years or over, will be recruited from a single hospital site in South Yorkshire in the UK. The intervention includes an app designed to encourage brisk walking (Active 10) supplemented with habit-based behavioural support in the form of two brief telephone/video calls, an information leaflet, and walking planners. The primary outcomes will be feasibility and acceptability of the study procedures. Demographic and medical characteristics will be collected at baseline, through self-report and hospital records. Secondary outcomes for the pilot (assessed at 0 and 3 months) will be accelerometer measured and self-reported physical activity, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, and patient-reported outcomes of quality of life, fatigue, sleep, anxiety, depression, self-efficacy, and habit strength for walking. Qualitative interviews will explore experiences of participating or reasons for declining to participate. Parameters for the intended primary outcome measure (accelerometer measured average daily minutes of brisk walking (≥ 100 steps/min)) will inform a sample size calculation for the future RCT and a preliminary economic evaluation will be conducted. Discussion This pilot study will inform the design of a larger RCT to investigate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of this intervention in people LWBC. Trial registration ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN18063498. Registered 16 April 2021. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40814-022-01028-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lally
- Behavioural Science and Health, UCL, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - N Miller
- Behavioural Science and Health, UCL, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - A Roberts
- Behavioural Science and Health, UCL, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - R J Beeken
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - D M Greenfield
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS FT, Weston Park Hospital, Sheffield, S10 2SJ, UK
| | - H W W Potts
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - N Counsell
- Cancer Research UK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - N Latimer
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
| | - C Thomas
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
| | - L Smith
- The Centre for Health, Performance, and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK
| | - J Gath
- Yorkshire and Humberside Consumer Research Panel
| | - F Kennedy
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - C Martin
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - L Wyld
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - A Fisher
- Behavioural Science and Health, UCL, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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Gorny AW, Chee WCD, Müller-Riemenschneider F. Active Use and Engagement in an mHealth Initiative Among Young Men With Obesity: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e33798. [PMID: 35076399 PMCID: PMC8826145 DOI: 10.2196/33798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effectiveness of mobile health (mHealth) approaches that employ wearable technology to promote physical activity have been the subject of concern due to the declining active use observed in trial settings. Objective To better contextualize active use, this study aimed to identify the barriers and enablers to engagement in a tracker-based mHealth initiative among young men who had recently completed a 19-week residential weight loss program. Methods A mixed methods study was conducted among 167 young men who had voluntarily enrolled in the national steps challenge (NSC), an mHealth physical activity promotion initiative, following a residential weight loss intervention. A subsample of 29 enrollees with a body mass index of 29.6 (SD 3.1) participated in semistructured interviews and additional follow-up assessments. Quantitative systems data on daily step count rates were used to describe active use. Qualitative data were coded and analyzed to elicit barriers and enablers to microlevel engagement in relation to the NSC, focusing on tracker and smartphone use. We further elicited barriers and enablers to macrolevel engagement by exploring attitudes and behaviors toward the NSC. Using triangulation, we examined how qualitative engagement in the NSC could account for quantitative findings on active use. Using integration of findings, we discussed how the mHealth intervention might have changed physical activity behavior. Results Among the 167 original enrollees, active use declined from 72 (47%) in week 1 to 27 (17%) in week 21. Mean daily step counts peaked in week 1 at 10,576 steps per day and were variable throughout the NSC. Barriers to engagement had occurred in the form of technical issues leading to abandonment, device switching, and offline tracking. Passive attitudes toward step counting and disinterest in the rewards had also prevented deeper engagement. Enablers of engagement included self-monitoring and coaching features, while system targets and the implicit prospect of reward had fostered new physical activity behaviors. Conclusions Our study showed that as the NSC is implemented in this population, more emphasis should be placed on technical support and personalized activity targets to promote lasting behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Wilhelm Gorny
- Centre of Excellence for Soldier Performance, Singapore Armed Forces, Singapore, Singapore.,Headquarters Medical Corps, Singapore Armed Forces, Singapore, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Chian Douglas Chee
- Centre of Excellence for Soldier Performance, Singapore Armed Forces, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Digital Health Center, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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The effect of acceptance and commitment training on improving physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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