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Hurd NM. Promoting Positive Development Among Racially and Ethnically Marginalized Youth: Advancing a Novel Model of Natural Mentoring. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2024; 20:259-284. [PMID: 38346288 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080822-045011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Racism and other forms of oppression threaten the well-being of racially and ethnically marginalized youth. Models of risk and resilience for marginalized youth have stressed the importance of addressing contextual and structural risk while emphasizing promotive factors such as cultural capital within their communities. Increasingly, research has focused on collective antiracist action as a form of coping with structural oppression. Importantly, supportive intergenerational relationships that develop within youths' everyday contexts may play a key role in catalyzing and reinforcing youths' engagement in antiracist action. This review advances a novel model for understanding how supportive nonparental adults from youths' everyday lives (i.e., natural mentors) influence youths' positive developmental outcomes and participation in antiracist action and how collective antiracist action, in turn, fosters liberation and racial justice. The creation of a more just and equitable society contributes to positive development among racially and ethnically marginalized youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelle M Hurd
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA;
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Garcia L, Firek A, Freund D, Massai D, Khurana D, Lee JE, Zamarripa S, Sasaninia B, Michaels K, Nightingale J, Gatto NM. Decisions to Choose COVID-19 Vaccination by Health Care Workers in a Southern California Safety Net Medical Center Vary by Sociodemographic Factors. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1247. [PMID: 36016135 PMCID: PMC9412623 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited information exists regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs). Our previous survey analyzed the reasons for HCWs' decisions to accept vaccination, suggesting that a "one-size fits all" approach may not suffice to increase vaccine uptake. METHODS Based on the vaccination acceptance group (acceptor, hesitant, refuser), we examined differences by sociodemographic factors (race/ethnicity, household income, education) from Likert Scale responses to fourteen influences affecting a decision to be vaccinated using the Kruskal-Wallis test and multinomial logistic regression with mutual adjustment for these sociodemographic factors, age, and sex. RESULTS Non-Hispanic White vaccine acceptors ranked lower confidence in preventing, withstanding, or treating COVID-19, while Non-Hispanic Blacks more highly regarded the motivation of a religious leader, colleague, or family member. Social media was ranked more influential among Non-Hispanic Asians. Acceptors with lower incomes ranked a job requirement influential; conversely, higher income vaccine hesitant HCWs highly rated this reason. More highly educated acceptors ranked being motivated by colleagues, family, and other HCWs higher. Adjustment weakened some but not all the differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS Sociodemographic factors affect HCWs' decisions to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Our findings may help develop more focused and tailored strategies to improve vaccination acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Garcia
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, USA; (L.G.); (D.F.); (D.M.)
| | - Anthony Firek
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
| | - Deborah Freund
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, USA; (L.G.); (D.F.); (D.M.)
- Department of Economic Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, USA;
| | - Donatella Massai
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, USA; (L.G.); (D.F.); (D.M.)
| | - Dhruv Khurana
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
- Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jerusha E. Lee
- Department of Economic Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E 10th St, Claremont, CA 91711, USA;
| | - Susanna Zamarripa
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
| | - Bijan Sasaninia
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
| | - Kelsey Michaels
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
| | - Judi Nightingale
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
| | - Nicole M. Gatto
- Comparative Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Research Center, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Avenue, Moreno Valley, CA 92555, USA; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.Z.); (B.S.); (K.M.); (J.N.)
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, 24951 Circle Dr, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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Mandviwala TM, Hall J, Beale Spencer M. The Invisibility of Power: A Cultural Ecology of Development in the Contemporary United States. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2022; 18:179-199. [PMID: 35061521 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-072220-015724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
This article highlights the invisible power those in racial and gendered privilege continue to hold in the contemporary United States and the harmful psychological effects of this power on both those it oppresses and, importantly, those who wield it. A lack of empathy and an inability for compassion arise in individuals holding sociopolitical and cultural power, and we highlight how this psychological condition is qualifiable as psychosis and question why it has not been discussed as such in the literature until now. We also, however, bring attention to the invisible psychological power that marginalized populations in the United States hold, invisible because it has been left largely unrecognized by mainstream cultural forces. By centering the ways American cultural minorities successfully navigate multiply oppressive structural systems, we conclude with a reflection on how intersectional feminism can offer a philosophical lens through which to mitigate the unhealthy developmental outcomes and effects of White heteronormative male power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem M Mandviwala
- Department of Comparative Human Development, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA;
| | - Jennifer Hall
- Social Intervention Group, School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret Beale Spencer
- Department of Comparative Human Development, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA;
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Hirschfeld S, Goodman E, Barkin S, Faustman E, Halfon N, Riley AW. Health Measurement Model-Bringing a Life Course Perspective to Health Measurement: The PRISM Model. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:605932. [PMID: 34178878 PMCID: PMC8222802 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.605932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Health is a multidimensional concept that is challenging to measure, and in the rapidly evolving developmental changes that occur during the first 21 years of human life, requires a dynamic approach to accurately capture the transitions, and overall arc of a complex process of internal and external interactions. We propose an approach that integrates a lifecourse framework with a layered series of assessments, each layer using a many to many mapping, to converge on four fundamental dimensions of health measurement-Potential, Adaptability, Performance, and Experience. The four dimensions can conceptually be mapped onto a plane with each edge of the resulting quadrilateral corresponding to one dimension and each dimensions assessment calibrated against a theoretical ideal. As the plane evolves over time, the sequential measurements will form a volume. We term such a model the Prism Model, and describe conceptually how single domain assessments can be built up to generate the holistic description through the vehicle of a layer of Exemplar Cases. The model is theoretical but future work can use the framework and principles to generate scalable and adaptable applications that can unify and improve the precision of serial measurements that integrate environmental and physiologic influences to improve the science of child health measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Hirschfeld
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Elizabeth Goodman
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shari Barkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Elaine Faustman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Neal Halfon
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Anne W. Riley
- Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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