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Su R, Liang M, Yuan Y, Huang C, Xing W, Bian X, Lian Y, Wang B, You Z, You R. High-Performance Sensing Platform Based on Morphology/Lattice Collaborative Control of Femtosecond-Laser-Induced MXene-Composited Graphene. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404889. [PMID: 39041832 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Flexible sensors based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) are widely used in wearable personal devices, with the morphology and lattice arrangement of LIG the key factors affecting their performance in various applications. In this study, femtosecond-laser-induced MXene-composited graphene (LIMG) is used to improve the electrical conductivity of graphene by incorporating MXene, a 2D material with a high concentration of free electrons, into the LIG structure. By combining pump-probe detection, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the morphogenesis and lattice structuring principles of LIMG is explored, with the results indicating that MXene materials are successfully embedded in the graphene lattice, altering both their morphology and electrical properties. The structural sparsity and electrical conductivity of LIMG composites (up to 3187 S m-1) are significantly enhanced compared to those of LIG. Based on these findings, LIMG has been used in wearable electronics. LIMG electrodes are used to detect uric acid, with a minimum detection limit of 2.48 µM. Additionally, LIMG-based pressure and bending sensors have been successfully used to monitor human limb movement and pulse. The direct in situ femtosecond laser patterning synthesis of LIMG has significant implications for developing flexible wearable electronic sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruige Su
- Laboratory of the Intelligent Microsystem, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
| | - Misheng Liang
- Laboratory of the Intelligent Microsystem, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
| | - Yongjiu Yuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Chaojun Huang
- Laboratory of the Intelligent Microsystem, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
| | - Wenqiang Xing
- Laboratory of the Intelligent Microsystem, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Bian
- Laboratory of the Intelligent Microsystem, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
| | - Yiling Lian
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Institute of Medical Equipment Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Testing Technology and Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Rui You
- Laboratory of the Intelligent Microsystem, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, 100192, P. R. China
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Zarepour A, Rafati N, Khosravi A, Rabiee N, Iravani S, Zarrabi A. MXene-based composites in smart wound healing and dressings. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3513-3532. [PMID: 38989508 PMCID: PMC11232544 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00239c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
MXenes, a class of two-dimensional materials, exhibit considerable potential in wound healing and dressing applications due to their distinctive attributes, including biocompatibility, expansive specific surface area, hydrophilicity, excellent electrical conductivity, unique mechanical properties, facile surface functionalization, and tunable band gaps. These materials serve as a foundation for the development of advanced wound healing materials, offering multifunctional nanoplatforms with theranostic capabilities. Key advantages of MXene-based materials in wound healing and dressings encompass potent antibacterial properties, hemostatic potential, pro-proliferative attributes, photothermal effects, and facilitation of cell growth. So far, different types of MXene-based materials have been introduced with improved features for wound healing and dressing applications. This review covers the recent advancements in MXene-based wound healing and dressings, with a focus on their contributions to tissue regeneration, infection control, anti-inflammation, photothermal effects, and targeted therapeutic delivery. We also discussed the constraints and prospects for the future application of these nanocomposites in the context of wound healing/dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University Chennai 600 077 India
| | - Nesa Rafati
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University Istanbul 34959 Turkey
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University Perth WA 6150 Australia
| | | | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University Istanbul 34396 Turkey
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University Taoyuan 320315 Taiwan
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3
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Hussain I, Arifeen WU, Khan SA, Aftab S, Javed MS, Hussain S, Ahmad M, Chen X, Zhao J, Rosaiah P, Fawy KF, Younis A, Sahoo S, Zhang K. M 4X 3 MXenes: Application in Energy Storage Devices. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:215. [PMID: 38874816 PMCID: PMC11178707 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01418-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
MXene has garnered widespread recognition in the scientific community due to its remarkable properties, including excellent thermal stability, high conductivity, good hydrophilicity and dispersibility, easy processability, tunable surface properties, and admirable flexibility. MXenes have been categorized into different families based on the number of M and X layers in Mn+1Xn, such as M2X, M3X2, M4X3, and, recently, M5X4. Among these families, M2X and M3X2, particularly Ti3C2, have been greatly explored while limited studies have been given to M5X4 MXene synthesis. Meanwhile, studies on the M4X3 MXene family have developed recently, hence, demanding a compilation of evaluated studies. Herein, this review provides a systematic overview of the latest advancements in M4X3 MXenes, focusing on their properties and applications in energy storage devices. The objective of this review is to provide guidance to researchers on fostering M4X3 MXene-based nanomaterials, not only for energy storage devices but also for broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Waqas Ul Arifeen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk-do, 38541, South Korea
| | - Shahid Ali Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Sikandar Aftab
- Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering and Clean Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Sufyan Javed
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyun Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - P Rosaiah
- Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, India
| | - Khaled Fahmi Fawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Younis
- Department of Physics, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sumanta Sahoo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, South Korea.
| | - Kaili Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
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Yan Z, Wu X, Tan W, Yan J, Zhou J, Chen S, Miao J, Cheng J, Shuai C, Deng Y. Single-Atom Cu Nanozyme-Loaded Bone Scaffolds for Ferroptosis-Synergized Mild Photothermal Therapy in Osteosarcoma Treatment. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304595. [PMID: 38424663 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The rapid multiplication of residual tumor cells and poor reconstruction quality of new bone are considered the major challenges in the postoperative treatment of osteosarcoma. It is a promising candidate for composite bone scaffold which combines photothermal therapy (PTT) and bone regeneration induction for the local treatment of osteosarcoma. However, it is inevitable to damage the normal tissues around the tumor due to the hyperthermia of PTT, while mild heat therapy shows a limited effect on antitumor treatment as the damage can be easily repaired by stress-induced heat shock proteins (HSP). This study reports a new type of single-atom Cu nanozyme-loaded bone scaffolds, which exhibit exceptional photothermal conversion properties as well as peroxidase and glutathione oxidase mimicking activities in vitro experiments. This leads to lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) upregulation, ultimately causing ferroptosis. The accumulation of LPO and ROS also contributes to HSP70 inactivation, maximizing PTT efficiency against tumors at an appropriate therapeutic temperature and minimizing the damage to surrounding normal tissues. Further, the bone scaffold promotes bone regeneration via a continuous release of bioactive ions (Ca2+, P5+, Si4+, and Cu2+). The results of in vivo experiments reveal that scaffolds inhibit tumor growth and promote bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyun Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Jinpeng Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410017, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Medical Science Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Shijie Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Jinglei Miao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Youwen Deng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
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5
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Elhassan A, Lv X, Abdalla I, Yu J, Li Z, Ding B. Efficient Synthesis of Fe 3O 4/PPy Double-Carbonized Core-Shell-like Composites for Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1160. [PMID: 38675079 PMCID: PMC11053598 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ever-increasing electromagnetic pollution largely affects human health, sensitive electronic equipment, and even military security, but current strategies used for developing functional attenuation materials cannot be achieved in a facile and cost-effective way. Here, a unique core-shell-like composite was successfully synthesized by a simple chemical approach and a rapid microwave-assisted carbonization process. The obtained composites show exceptional electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) properties, including a wide effective absorption band (EAB) of 4.64 GHz and a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -26 dB at 1.6 mm. The excellent performance can be attributed to the synergistic effects of conductive loss, dielectric loss, magnetic loss, and multiple reflection loss within the graphene-based core-shell-like composite. This work demonstrates a convenient, rapid, eco-friendly, and cost-effective method for synthesizing high-performance microwave absorption materials (MAMs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elhassan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;
| | - Xiaoshuang Lv
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ibrahim Abdalla
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Development and Application of Metal Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Zhaoling Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- National Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing & Finishing Technology, Tai’an 271000, China
| | - Bin Ding
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
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6
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Iravani S, Varma RS. MXenes for Bioinspired Soft Actuators: Advancements in Angle-Independent Structural Colors and Beyond. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:142. [PMID: 38436795 PMCID: PMC10912076 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Soft actuators have garnered substantial attention in current years in view of their potential appliances in diverse domains like robotics, biomedical devices, and biomimetic systems. These actuators mimic the natural movements of living organisms, aiming to attain enhanced flexibility, adaptability, and versatility. On the other hand, angle-independent structural color has been achieved through innovative design strategies and engineering approaches. By carefully controlling the size, shape, and arrangement of nanostructures, researchers have been able to create materials exhibiting consistent colors regardless of the viewing angle. One promising class of materials that holds great potential for bioinspired soft actuators is MXenes in view of their exceptional mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. The integration of MXenes for bioinspired soft actuators with angle-independent structural color offers exciting possibilities. Overcoming material compatibility issues, improving color reproducibility, scalability, durability, power supply efficiency, and cost-effectiveness will play vital roles in advancing these technologies. This perspective appraises the development of bioinspired MXene-centered soft actuators with angle-independent structural color in soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Iravani
- Independent Researcher, W Nazar ST, Boostan Ave, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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7
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Liao M, Zheng Z, Jiang H, Ma M, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhuang S. MXenes as emerging adsorbents for removal of environmental pollutants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169014. [PMID: 38040375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are a recently emerging class of two-dimensional nanomaterials that have gained considerable interest in the field of environmental protection. Owing to their high surface area, abundant terminal groups, and unique two-dimensional layered structures, MXenes have demonstrated high efficacy as adsorbents for various pollutants. Here we focused on the latest developments in the field of MXene-based adsorbents, including the structure and properties of MXenes, their synthesis and modification methods, and their adsorption performance and mechanisms for various pollutants. Among the pollutants that have been reported to be adsorbed by MXenes are radionuclides (U(VI), Sr(II), Cs(I), Eu(III), Ba(II), Th(IV), and Tc(VII)/Re(VII)), heavy metals (Hg(II), Cu(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II)), dyes, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), antibiotics (tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and sulfonamides), antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and other contaminates. Moreover, future directions in MXene research are also suggested in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjia Liao
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Zhili Zheng
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Mingyu Ma
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Shuting Zhuang
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, PR China.
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8
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Safarkhani M, Farasati Far B, Lima EC, Jafarzadeh S, Makvandi P, Varma RS, Huh Y, Ebrahimi Warkiani M, Rabiee N. Integration of MXene and Microfluidics: A Perspective. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:657-676. [PMID: 38241520 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The fusion of MXene-based materials with microfluidics not only presents a dynamic and promising avenue for innovation but also opens up new possibilities across various scientific and technological domains. This Perspective delves into the intricate synergy between MXenes and microfluidics, underscoring their collective potential in material science, sensing, energy storage, and biomedical research. This intersection of disciplines anticipates future advancements in MXene synthesis and functionalization as well as progress in advanced sensing technologies, energy storage solutions, environmental applications, and biomedical breakthroughs. Crucially, the manufacturing and commercialization of MXene-based microfluidic devices, coupled with interdisciplinary collaborations, stand as pivotal considerations. Envisioning a future where MXenes and microfluidics collaboratively shape our technological landscape, addressing intricate challenges and propelling innovation forward necessitates a thoughtful approach. This viewpoint provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the field while outlining future prospects for the integration of MXene-based entities and microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Safarkhani
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Bahareh Farasati Far
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 1684611367, Iran
| | - Eder C Lima
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Goncalves 9500, Caixa Postal 15003, Porto Alegre CEP 91501-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Shima Jafarzadeh
- Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3217, Australia
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, United Kingdom
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation (CxI), Technical University of Liberec (TUL), Studentská 1402/2, Liberec 1 461 17, Czech Republic
| | - YunSuk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia 6150, Australia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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9
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Iravani S, Rabiee N, Makvandi P. Advancements in MXene-based composites for electronic skins. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:895-915. [PMID: 38194290 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02247a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
MXenes are a class of two-dimensional (2D) materials that have gained significant attention in the field of electronic skins (E-skins). MXene-based composites offer several advantages for E-skins, including high electrical conductivity, mechanical flexibility, transparency, and chemical stability. Their mechanical flexibility allows for conformal integration onto various surfaces, enabling the creation of E-skins that can closely mimic human skin. In addition, their high surface area facilitates enhanced sensitivity and responsiveness to external stimuli, making them ideal for sensing applications. Notably, MXene-based composites can be integrated into E-skins to create sensors that can detect various stimuli, such as temperature, pressure, strain, and humidity. These sensors can be used for a wide range of applications, including health monitoring, robotics, and human-machine interfaces. However, challenges related to scalability, integration, and biocompatibility need to be addressed. One important challenge is achieving long-term stability under harsh conditions such as high humidity. MXenes are susceptible to oxidation, which can degrade their electrical and mechanical properties over time. Another crucial challenge is the scalability of MXene synthesis, as large-scale production methods need to be developed to meet the demand for commercial applications. Notably, the integration of MXenes with other components, such as energy storage devices or flexible electronics, requires further developments to ensure compatibility and optimize overall performance. By addressing issues related to material stability, mechanical flexibility, scalability, sensing performance, and power supply, MXene-based E-skins can develop the fields of healthcare monitoring/diagnostics, prosthetics, motion monitoring, wearable electronics, and human-robot interactions. The integration of MXenes with emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence or internet of things, can unlock new functionalities and applications for E-skins, ranging from healthcare monitoring to virtual reality interfaces. This review aims to examine the challenges, advantages, and limitations of MXenes and their composites in E-skins, while also exploring the future prospects and potential advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Iravani
- Independent Researcher, W Nazar ST, Boostan Ave, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, 324000, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK
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10
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Zhu Z, Song M, Qu F, Zhou Y, Yang Y, Qi J, Li J. Engineering Multinanochannel Polymer-Intercalated Graphene Oxide Membrane for Strict Volatile Sieving in Membrane Distillation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1399-1409. [PMID: 38165309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) membranes enabled by subnanosized diffusion channels are promising to separate small species in membrane distillation (MD). However, the challenge of effectively excluding small volatiles in MD persists due to the severe swelling and subsequent increase in GO interlamination spacing upon direct contact with the hot feed. To address this issue, we implemented a design in which a polymer is confined between the GO interlaminations, creating predominantly 2D nanochannels centered around 0.57 nm with an average membrane pore size of 0.30 nm. Compared to the virginal GO membrane, the polymer-intercalated GO membrane exhibits superior antiswelling performance, particularly at a high feed temperature of 60 °C. Remarkably, the modified membrane exhibited a high flux of approximately 52 L m-2 h-1 and rejection rates of about 100% for small ions and 98% for volatile phenol, with a temperature difference of 40 °C. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the sieving mechanisms for ions and volatiles are facilitated by the narrowed nanochannels within the polymer network situated between the 2D nanochannels of GO interlaminations. Concurrently, the unrestricted permeation of water molecules through the multinanochannel GO membrane encourages high-flux desalination of complex hypersaline wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Minjie Song
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yujun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Junwen Qi
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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11
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Qin C, Qi Z, Pan S, Xia P, Kong W, Sun B, Du H, Zhang R, Zhu L, Zhou D, Yang X. Advances in Conductive Hydrogel for Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7305-7333. [PMID: 38084124 PMCID: PMC10710813 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s436111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) treatment represents a major challenge in clinical practice. In recent years, the rapid development of neural tissue engineering technology has provided a new therapeutic approach for spinal cord injury repair. Implanting functionalized electroconductive hydrogels (ECH) in the injury area has been shown to promote axonal regeneration and facilitate the generation of neuronal circuits by reshaping the microenvironment of SCI. ECH not only facilitate intercellular electrical signaling but, when combined with electrical stimulation, enable the transmission of electrical signals to electroactive tissue and activate bioelectric signaling pathways, thereby promoting neural tissue repair. Therefore, the implantation of ECH into damaged tissues can effectively restore physiological functions related to electrical conduction. This article focuses on the dynamic pathophysiological changes in the SCI microenvironment and discusses the mechanisms of electrical stimulation/signal in the process of SCI repair. By examining electrical activity during nerve repair, we provide insights into the mechanisms behind electrical stimulation and signaling during SCI repair. We classify conductive biomaterials, and offer an overview of the current applications and research progress of conductive hydrogels in spinal cord repair and regeneration, aiming to provide a reference for future explorations and developments in spinal cord regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Qi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Su Pan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weijian Kong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haorui Du
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renfeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longchuan Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dinghai Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang Z, Han WQ. From Liquid to Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries: Fundamental Issues and Recent Developments. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 37985522 PMCID: PMC10661211 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01234-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The widespread adoption of lithium-ion batteries has been driven by the proliferation of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles, which have increasingly stringent energy density requirements. Lithium metal batteries (LMBs), with their ultralow reduction potential and high theoretical capacity, are widely regarded as the most promising technical pathway for achieving high energy density batteries. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of fundamental issues related to high reactivity and migrated interfaces in LMBs. Furthermore, we propose improved strategies involving interface engineering, 3D current collector design, electrolyte optimization, separator modification, application of alloyed anodes, and external field regulation to address these challenges. The utilization of solid-state electrolytes can significantly enhance the safety of LMBs and represents the only viable approach for advancing them. This review also encompasses the variation in fundamental issues and design strategies for the transition from liquid to solid electrolytes. Particularly noteworthy is that the introduction of SSEs will exacerbate differences in electrochemical and mechanical properties at the interface, leading to increased interface inhomogeneity-a critical factor contributing to failure in all-solid-state lithium metal batteries. Based on recent research works, this perspective highlights the current status of research on developing high-performance LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Qiang Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
MXenes with their unique electronic, optical, chemical, and mechanical properties have shown great promise in soft robotics. MXene-based soft actuators have been designed to display ultrafast actuations and recovery speeds as well as angle-independent structural colors in response to vapor. Several studies have developed soft actuators by combining MXenes with other materials to mimic the movement of natural organisms. Thus, MXene-based soft actuators have the potential to revolutionize the field of soft robotics and flexible electronics (e.g., wearable devices and artificial muscles). MXene-based artificial muscles have been explored for use in kinetic soft robotics as actuators in microsystems requiring exceptional compliance. MXene-based sensors and actuators have already been developed for human-like sensors and photodetection. However, there are still challenges that need to be addressed in such applications, such as the design of stretchable and compliant robotic skins with a high-level functional integration for soft robotics. The integration of various devices, such as power sources, sensors, and actuators, into soft robotics is another crucial challenge. Despite the excellent stretchability and tensile strength of MXene-based composites, there is a vital need to develop their mechanical and electrochemical features and grant them multi-functionalities. Herein, recent developments pertaining to the applications of MXenes and their composites in soft robotics are discussed with a focus on the important challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran.
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