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Kwak SH, Kim H, Lee S, Lim J, Pal K, Chung B, Kang DH, Kim D. Synthesis and biological characterization of low-calorie Schisandra chinensis syrup. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:857-865. [PMID: 35720467 PMCID: PMC9203617 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis (Omija) is a well-known medicinal plant in East Asia. In this study, Omija oligosaccharide syrup was prepared from sucrose with Omija fruit extract using two glucansucrases of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512F/KM and L. mesenteroides B-1355CF10/KM. The degree of polymerization of Omija oligosaccharide syrup was ranged from 2 - 13 by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis. Compared to the Omija syrup, the Omija oligosaccharide syrup reduced 61% calories based on the enzymatic gravimetric method. It also reduced up to 96% insoluble glucan formation from sucrose by mutansucrase of Streptococcus mutans at 500 mg/mL. Additionally, it has 1.78-fold higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity value compared to Omija syrup. Using electronic tongue sensor system, Omija oligosaccharide syrup showed decreased sourness, astringency, and saltiness compared to Omija syrup. Thus, Omija oligosaccharides can be used as functional sweetener in nutraceutical industries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01061-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyung Kwak
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354 Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeong Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905The Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio Science &Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354 Republic of Korea
| | - Seonmin Lee
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354 Republic of Korea
| | - Juho Lim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354 Republic of Korea
| | - Kunal Pal
- grid.444703.00000 0001 0744 7946Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008 India
| | - Byoungsang Chung
- Ottogi Sesame Mills Co., Ltd, Eumseong-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 27623 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kang
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Doman Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354 Republic of Korea
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905The Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio Science &Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354 Republic of Korea
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2
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İspirli H, Bowman MJ, Skory CD, Dertli E. Synthesis and characterization of cellobiose-derived oligosaccharides with Bifidogenic activity by glucansucrase E81. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Nguyen TTH, Lee DG, Apu MAI, Jung JH, Kim MK, Lim S, Chung B, Pal K, Kim D. The bifidogenic effects and dental plaque deformation of non-digestible isomaltooligosaccharides synthesized by dextransucrase and alternansucrase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 153:109955. [PMID: 34826778 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-digestible isomaltooligosaccharides (NDIMOS) are functional food and beverage ingredients that contributed to human health benefits through metabolism of gastrointestinal microorganism. In this study, NDIMOS were synthesized by combine dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B512F/KM and alternansucrase from L. mesenteroides NRRL 1355CF10/KM using sucrose as substrate and maltose as acceptor. Their digestibility was confirmed by using digestive enzymes including α-amylase and amyloglucosidase. NDIMOS inhibited insoluble glucan formation through mutansucrase from Streptococcus mutans. The bifidogenic effect of NDIMOS was investigated by growth of four strains of Bifidobacterium in MRS broth containing NDIMOS, compared with MRS broth contain glucose and negative control. Additionally, Bifidobacterium bifidum or Bifidobacterium adolescentis inhibited the growth of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium when they were co-cultivation in MRS broth containing NDIMOS. These results suggested that NDIMOS is potential functional ingredient for food, beverage, and pharmaceutical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh Hanh Nguyen
- Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, 25354, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gu Lee
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, 25354, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Aminul Islam Apu
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, 25354, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Jung
- Radiation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyu Kim
- Radiation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Lim
- Radiation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungsang Chung
- Ottogi Sesame Mills Co., Ltd, Eumseong-gun, 27623, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunal Pal
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, India
| | - Doman Kim
- Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, 25354, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, 25354, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
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4
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İspirli H, Bowman MJ, Skory CD, Dertli E. Synthesis and characterization of Bifidogenic raffinose-derived oligosaccharides via acceptor reactions of glucansucrase E81. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Bivolarski V, Iliev I, Ivanova I, Nikolova M, Salim A, Mihaylova G, Vasileva T. Characterization of structure/prebiotic potential correlation of glucans and oligosaccharides synthetized by glucansucrases from fructophilic lactic acid bacteria from honey bee Apis mellifera. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1911683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Veselin Bivolarski
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ilia Iliev
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Iskra Ivanova
- Department of General and Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mariana Nikolova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ayshe Salim
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Galya Mihaylova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Tonka Vasileva
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Wangpaiboon K, Sitthiyotha T, Chunsrivirot S, Charoenwongpaiboon T, Pichyangkura R. Unravelling Regioselectivity of Leuconostoc citreum ABK-1 Alternansucrase by Acceptor Site Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3229. [PMID: 33810084 PMCID: PMC8005217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternansucrase (ALT, EC 2.4.1.140) is a glucansucrase that can generate α-(1,3/1,6)-linked glucan from sucrose. Previously, the crystal structure of the first alternansucrase from Leuconostoc citreum NRRL B-1355 was successfully elucidated; it showed that alternansucrase might have two acceptor subsites (W675 and W543) responsible for the formation of alternating linked glucan. This work aimed to investigate the primary acceptor subsite (W675) by saturated mutagenesis using Leuconostoc citreum ABK-1 alternansucrase (LcALT). The substitution of other residues led to loss of overall activity, and formation of an alternan polymer with a nanoglucan was maintained when W675 was replaced with other aromatic residues. Conversely, substitution by nonaromatic residues led to the synthesis of oligosaccharides. Mutations at W675 could potentially cause LcALT to lose control of the acceptor molecule binding via maltose-acceptor reaction-as demonstrated by results from molecular dynamics simulations of the W675A variant. The formation of α-(1,2), α-(1,3), α-(1,4), and α-(1,6) linkages were detected from products of the W675A mutant. In contrast, the wild-type enzyme strictly synthesized α-(1,6) linkage on the maltose acceptor. This study examined the importance of W675 for transglycosylation, processivity, and regioselectivity of glucansucrases. Engineering glucansucrase active sites is one of the essential approaches to green tools for carbohydrate modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Wangpaiboon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Thassanai Sitthiyotha
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Surasak Chunsrivirot
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.W.); (S.C.)
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | | | - Rath Pichyangkura
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (K.W.); (S.C.)
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7
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Hu X, Song L, Yang Y, Wang L, Li Y, Miao M. Biosynthesis, structural characteristics and prebiotic properties of maltitol-based acceptor products. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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8
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İspirli H, Dertli E. Production of lactose derivative hetero-oligosaccharides from whey by glucansucrase E81 and determination of prebiotic functions. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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9
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Kabli M, İspirli H, Balubaid M, Taylan O, Yılmaz MT, Dertli E. Optimization of lactose derivative hetero-oligosaccharides production using whey as the acceptor molecule by an active glucansucrase. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2020.1828372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kabli
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hümeyra İspirli
- Central Research Laboratory, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey
| | - Mohammed Balubaid
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osman Taylan
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Tahsin Yılmaz
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enes Dertli
- Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
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10
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Hu X, Song L, Yang Y, Jin Z, Miao M. Synthesis of potential prebiotic α-glucooligosaccharides using microbial glucansucrase and their in vitro fecal fermentation. Food Funct 2020; 11:1672-1683. [PMID: 32031198 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02054c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Novel α-glucooligosaccharides were synthesized by the acceptor reaction of Leuconostoc citreum SK24.002 glucansucrase with maltose and sucrose. The impact of synthesis conditions, including the ratio of sucrose to maltose and the substrate concentration, on the formation of α-glucooligosaccharides was evaluated. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the yield of a mixture of α-glucooligosaccharides with DP 3-5 reached approximately 56.4% with a concentration of 170.7 mg mL-1. Each of these α-glucooligosaccharides was purified, and the structures were assigned as follows: α-D-Glcp-(1,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1,4)-D-Glcp (DP3), α-D-Glcp-(1,3)-α-D-Glcp-(1,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1,4)-D-Glcp (DP4), and α-D-Glcp-(1,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1,3)-α-D-Glcp-(1,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1,4)-D-Glcp (DP5), respectively. For these three structurally different oligosaccharides, the fermentation selectivity by fecal bacteria was determined in anaerobic batch culture. Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) was used as a positive prebiotic control. Similar to FOS, all three α-glucooligosaccharides selectively stimulated the proliferation of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli compared with the control. DP3 exhibited the strongest prebiotic ability to increase the Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus population, whereas DP5 produced the most short-chain fatty acids. In addition, DP4 produced the highest butyrate concentration and resulted in the lowest acetate : propionate ratio. These results suggested that the enzymatically synthesized α-glucooligosaccharides were potential prebiotics, underlining correlations between the structural features of oligosaccharides and their impact on the metabolism of fecal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China.
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11
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Molina M, Moulis C, Monties N, Pizzut-Serin S, Guieysse D, Morel S, Cioci G, Remaud-Siméon M. Deciphering an Undecided Enzyme: Investigations of the Structural Determinants Involved in the Linkage Specificity of Alternansucrase. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Molina
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Moulis
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Nelly Monties
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Sandra Pizzut-Serin
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - David Guieysse
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Morel
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Gianluca Cioci
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Magali Remaud-Siméon
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
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12
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Pham H, Pijning T, Dijkhuizen L, van Leeuwen SS. Mutational Analysis of the Role of the Glucansucrase Gtf180-ΔN Active Site Residues in Product and Linkage Specificity with Lactose as Acceptor Substrate. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:12544-12554. [PMID: 30396274 PMCID: PMC6328278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucansucrase Gtf180-ΔN from Lactobacillus reuteri uses lactose as acceptor substrate to synthesize five glucosylated lactose molecules (F1-F5) with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 3-4 (GL34) and with (α1→2)/(α1→3)/(α1→4) glycosidic linkages. Q1140/W1065/N1029 mutations significantly changed the GL34 product ratios. Q1140 mutations clearly decreased F3 3'-glc-lac with an (α1→3) linkage and increased F4 4',2-glc-lac with (α1→4)/(α1→2) linkages. Formation of F2 2-glc-lac with an (α1→2) linkage and F4 was negatively affected in most W1065 and N1029 mutants, respectively. Mutant N1029G synthesized four new products with additional (α1→3)-linked glucosyl moieties (2xDP4 and 2xDP5). Sucrose/lactose strongly reduced Gtf180-ΔN hydrolytic activity and increased transferase activity of Gtf180-ΔN and mutant N1029G, in comparison to activity with sucrose alone. N1029/W1065/Q1140 thus are key determinants of Gtf180-ΔN linkage and product specificity in the acceptor reaction with lactose. Mutagenesis of key residues in Gtf180-ΔN may allow synthesis of tailor-made mixtures of novel lactose-derived oligosaccharides with potential applications as prebiotic compounds in food/feed and in pharmacy/medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Pham
- Microbial
Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute
(GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tjaard Pijning
- Biophysical
Chemistry, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute
(GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lubbert Dijkhuizen
- Microbial
Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute
(GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander S. van Leeuwen
- Microbial
Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute
(GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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Lee S, Park GG, Jang JK, Park YS. Optimization of Oligosaccharide Production from Leuconostoc lactis Using a Response Surface Methodology and the Immunostimulating Effects of These Oligosaccharides on Macrophage Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092118. [PMID: 30142905 PMCID: PMC6225360 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of oligosaccharides from Leuconostoc lactis CCK940 was optimized using a response surface methodology with a central composite design. Culture temperature and the concentrations of sucrose and maltose were used as the main factors. The predicted optimum conditions for the production of oligosaccharides were a culture temperature of 30 °C, a sucrose concentration of 9.6% (w/v), and a maltose concentration of 7.4% (w/v). Using these optimal conditions, Leuconostoc lactis CCK940 was cultured using a fermenter to produce oligosaccharides, and the resulting oligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization greater than 4 were purified by Bio-gel P2 gel permeation column chromatography and then lyophilized. When macrophages were treated with the purified oligosaccharides at concentrations of 0.1⁻10 mg/mL, no cytotoxicity towards the macrophages was observed. However, nitric oxide production levels were similar to those following treatment with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide. The mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase were all also increased in a dose-dependent manner following treatment with the oligosaccharides. These data suggest that oligosaccharides produced by Leuconostoc lactis CCK940 could be used as an immune enhancer of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulhee Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Gwi-Gun Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
| | - Jae-Kweon Jang
- Food Nutrition Major, School of Food, Chungkang College of Cultural Industries, Icheon 17390, Korea.
| | - Young-Seo Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea.
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14
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Te Poele EM, Valk V, Devlamynck T, van Leeuwen SS, Dijkhuizen L. Catechol glucosides act as donor/acceptor substrates of glucansucrase enzymes of Lactobacillus reuteri. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:4495-4505. [PMID: 28258313 PMCID: PMC5442262 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8190-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have shown that the glucansucrase GtfA-ΔN enzyme of Lactobacillus reuteri 121, incubated with sucrose, efficiently glucosylated catechol and we structurally characterized catechol glucosides with up to five glucosyl units attached (te Poele et al. in Bioconjug Chem 27:937-946, 2016). In the present study, we observed that upon prolonged incubation of GtfA-ΔN with 50 mM catechol and 1000 mM sucrose, all catechol had become completely glucosylated and then started to reappear. Following depletion of sucrose, this glucansucrase GtfA-ΔN used both α-D-Glcp-catechol and α-D-Glcp-(1→4)-α-D-Glcp-catechol as donor substrates and transferred a glucose unit to other catechol glycoside molecules or to sugar oligomers. In the absence of sucrose, GtfA-ΔN used α-D-Glcp-catechol both as donor and acceptor substrate to synthesize catechol glucosides with 2 to 10 glucose units attached and formed gluco-oligosaccharides up to a degree of polymerization of 4. Also two other glucansucrases tested, Gtf180-ΔN from L. reuteri 180 and GtfML1-ΔN from L. reuteri ML1, used α-D-Glcp-catechol and di-glucosyl-catechol as donor/acceptor substrate to synthesize both catechol glucosides and gluco-oligosaccharides. With sucrose as donor substrate, the three glucansucrase enzymes also efficiently glucosylated the phenolic compounds pyrogallol, resorcinol, and ethyl gallate; also these mono-glucosides were used as donor/acceptor substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien M Te Poele
- Microbial Physiology Research Group, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Valk
- Microbial Physiology Research Group, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Devlamynck
- Microbial Physiology Research Group, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sander S van Leeuwen
- Microbial Physiology Research Group, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lubbert Dijkhuizen
- Microbial Physiology Research Group, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Song L, Miao M, Jiang B, Xu T, Cui SW, Zhang T. Leuconostoc citreum SK24.002 glucansucrase: Biochemical characterisation and de novo synthesis of α-glucan. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 91:123-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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16
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Musa A, Miao M, Zhang T, Jiang B. Biotransformation of stevioside by Leuconostoc citreum SK24.002 alternansucrase acceptor reaction. Food Chem 2014; 146:23-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Leemhuis H, Pijning T, Dobruchowska JM, van Leeuwen SS, Kralj S, Dijkstra BW, Dijkhuizen L. Glucansucrases: three-dimensional structures, reactions, mechanism, α-glucan analysis and their implications in biotechnology and food applications. J Biotechnol 2012; 163:250-72. [PMID: 22796091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glucansucrases are extracellular enzymes that synthesize a wide variety of α-glucan polymers and oligosaccharides, such as dextran. These carbohydrates have found numerous applications in food and health industries, and can be used as pure compounds or even be produced in situ by generally regarded as safe (GRAS) lactic acid bacteria in food applications. Research in the recent years has resulted in big steps forward in the understanding and exploitation of the biocatalytic potential of glucansucrases. This paper provides an overview of glucansucrase enzymes, their recently elucidated crystal structures, their reaction and product specificity, and the structural analysis and applications of α-glucan polymers. Furthermore, we discuss key developments in the understanding of α-glucan polymer formation based on the recently elucidated three-dimensional structures of glucansucrase proteins. Finally we discuss the (potential) applications of α-glucans produced by lactic acid bacteria in food and health related industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Leemhuis
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute-GBB, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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Ruiz-Matute AI, Brokl M, Sanz ML, Soria AC, Côté GL, Collins ME, Rastall RA. Effect of dextransucrase cellobiose acceptor products on the growth of human gut bacteria. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:3693-3700. [PMID: 21395323 DOI: 10.1021/jf104886d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The selective fermentation by human gut bacteria of gluco-oligosaccharides obtained from the reaction between the glucosyl group of sucrose and cellobiose, catalyzed by dextransucrases (DSR) from Leuconostoc mesenteroides , has been evaluated. Oligosaccharides were fractionated according to their molecular weight, and their effect on the growth of different bacterial groups was studied. To determine the structure (position and configuration of glycosidic linkages)-function relationship, their properties were compared to those of DSR maltose acceptor products (DSRMal) and of recognized prebiotic carbohydrates (fructo-oligosaccharides, FOS). Cellobiose acceptor products (DSRCel) showed bifidogenic properties similar to those of FOS. However, no significant differences related to molecular weight or isomeric configurations were found for DSRCel and DSRMal products.
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Abstract
Oligosaccharides are attracting increasing interest as prebiotic functional food ingredients. They can be extracted or obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis from a variety of biomass sources or synthesized from simple oligosaccharides by enzymatic transfer reactions. The major prebiotic oligosaccharides on the market are inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides, and galacto-oligosaccharides. They have been evaluated using a range of in vitro and in vivo methods, although there is a need for more large-scale human trials using modern microbiological methods. Prebiotics are being studied for their effects on gut health and well being and specific clinical conditions, including colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), acute infections, and mineral absorption. Developing understanding of the functional ecology of the human gut is influencing current thinking on what a prebiotic might achieve and is providing new targets for prebiotic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Rastall
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom.
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André I, Potocki-Véronèse G, Morel S, Monsan P, Remaud-Siméon M. Sucrose-Utilizing Transglucosidases for Biocatalysis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2010; 294:25-48. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2010_52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Seibel J, Jördening HJ, Buchholz K. Glycosylation with activated sugars using glycosyltransferases and transglycosidases. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10242420600986811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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23
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Acceptor products of alternansucrase with gentiobiose. Production of novel oligosaccharides for food and feed and elimination of bitterness. Carbohydr Res 2008; 344:187-90. [PMID: 19056079 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Revised: 10/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of suitable acceptor molecules, dextransucrase makes a homologous series of oligosaccharides in which the isomers differ by a single glucosyl unit, whereas alternansucrase synthesizes one trisaccharide, two tetrasaccharides, etc. Previously, we showed that alternansucrase only forms certain isomers of DP>4 from maltose in measurable amounts, and that these oligosaccharides belong to the oligoalternan series rather than the oligodextran series. We now demonstrate that the acceptor products from gentiobiose, also formed in good yields (nearly 90% in unoptimized reactions), follow a pattern similar to those formed from maltose. The initial product is a single trisaccharide, alpha-d-Glcp-(1-->6)-beta-d-Glcp-(1-->6)-d-Glc. Two tetrasaccharides were formed in approximately equal quantities: alpha-d-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-d-Glcp-(1-->6)-beta-d-Glcp-(1-->6)-d-Glc and alpha-d-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-d-Glcp-(1-->6)-beta-d-Glcp-(1-->6)-d-Glc. Just one pentasaccharide was isolated from the reaction mixture, alpha-d-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-d-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-d-Glcp-(1-->6)-beta-d-Glcp-(1-->6)-d-Glc. Our hypothesis that the enzyme is incapable of forming two consecutive alpha-(1-->3) linkages, and does not form products with more than two consecutive alpha-(1-->6) linkages, apparently applies to other acceptors as well as to maltose. The glucosylation of gentiobiose reduces or eliminates its bitter taste.
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Hellmuth H, Hillringhaus L, Höbbel S, Kralj S, Dijkhuizen L, Seibel J. Highly Efficient Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Novel Branched Thiooligosaccharides by Substrate Direction with Glucansucrases. Chembiochem 2007; 8:273-6. [PMID: 17219452 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200600444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Hellmuth
- Technical Chemistry, Department for Carbohydrate Technology, Technical University Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer Strasse 10, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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25
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Remaud M, Paul F, Monsan P, Lopez-Munguia A, Vignon M. Characterization of α-(1→3) Branched Oligosaccharides Synthesized by Acceptor Reaction with the Extracellular Glucosyltransferases fromL. MesenteroidesNRRL B-742. J Carbohydr Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07328309208017999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Remaud
- a Bioeurope , BP 4196, 4 impasse Didier-Daurat, 31031, Toulouse, cedex, France
| | - F. Paul
- a Bioeurope , BP 4196, 4 impasse Didier-Daurat, 31031, Toulouse, cedex, France
| | - P. Monsan
- a Bioeurope , BP 4196, 4 impasse Didier-Daurat, 31031, Toulouse, cedex, France
| | - A. Lopez-Munguia
- b Centro de Investigation sobre Ingenieria Genética y Biotecnologia , UNAM. Apartado Postal 510-3; Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62271, México
| | - M. Vignon
- c CERMAV-CNRS , BP, 53X 38041, Grenoble, cedex, France
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26
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Sanz ML, Côté GL, Gibson GR, Rastall RA. Selective fermentation of gentiobiose-derived oligosaccharides by human gut bacteria and influence of molecular weight. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2006; 56:383-8. [PMID: 16689871 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gentiooligosaccharides and alternansucrase gentiobiose acceptor products were fractionated by their degree of polymerization (DP) on a Bio-Gel P2 column. Fractions were characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy, and incubated with human faecal bacteria under anaerobic conditions at 37 degrees C. The growth of predominant gut bacteria on the oligosaccharides was evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization and a prebiotic index (PI) was calculated. Lower DP gentiooligosaccharides (DP2-3) showed the highest selectivity (PI of 4.89 and 3.40, respectively), whereas DP4-5 alternansucrase gentiobiose acceptor products generated the greatest values (PI of 5.87). The production of short-chain fatty acids was also determined during the time course of the reactions. The mixture of DP6-10 alternansucrase gentiobiose acceptor products generated the highest levels of butyric acid but the lowest levels of lactic acid. Generally, for similar molecular weights, alternansucrase gentiobiose acceptor products gave higher PI values than gentiooligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luz Sanz
- School of Food Biosciences, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire, UK
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27
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Côté GL, Sheng S. Penta-, hexa-, and heptasaccharide acceptor products of alternansucrase. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:2066-72. [PMID: 16716279 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2006] [Revised: 04/25/2006] [Accepted: 04/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of suitable acceptor molecules, dextransucrase makes a homologous series of oligosaccharides in which the isomers differ by a single glucosyl unit, whereas alternansucrase synthesizes one trisaccharide, two tetrasaccharides, etc. For the example of maltose as the acceptor, if one considers only the linear, unbranched possibilities for alternansucrase, the hypothetical number of potential products increases exponentially as a function of the degree of polymerization (DP). Experimental evidence indicates that far fewer products are actually formed. We show that only certain isomers of DP >4 are formed from maltose in measurable amounts, and that these oligosaccharides belong to the oligoalternan series rather than the oligodextran series. When the oligosaccharide acceptor products from maltose were separated by size-exclusion chromatography and HPLC, only one pentasaccharide was isolated. Its structure was alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->4)-D-Glc. Two hexasaccharides were formed in approximately equal quantities: alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->4)-D-Glc and alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->4)-D-Glc. Just one heptasaccharide was isolated from the reaction mixture, alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->4)-D-Glc. We conclude that the enzyme is incapable of forming two consecutive alpha-(1-->3) linkages, and does not form products with more than two consecutive alpha-(1-->6) linkages. The distribution of products may be kinetically determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L Côté
- Bioproducts and Biocatalysis Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
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28
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Joucla G, Pizzut S, Monsan P, Remaud-Simeon M. Construction of a fully active truncated alternansucrase partially deleted of its carboxy-terminal domain. FEBS Lett 2006; 580:763-8. [PMID: 16413550 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2005] [Revised: 12/06/2005] [Accepted: 01/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant expression of the large alternansucrase (2057 amino acids) was hindered in E. coli due to poor enzyme solubility and protein degradation. The effects of deletions of the alternansucrase C-terminal CW-like and APY repeated motifs on enzyme solubility and specificity were investigated. A truncated variant deleted of the APY repeats but harboring four C-terminal CW-like repeats displayed a high specific activity and the same specificity of product synthesis as the native enzyme. It is more soluble and suffers less degradation than full length alternansucrase. Hence this truncated variant is a promising tool for the further structural and kinetic study of this interesting enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Joucla
- Ecole Supérieure de Technologie des Biomolécules de Bordeaux (ESTBB), Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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29
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Côté GL, Dunlap CA, Appell M, Momany FA. Alternansucrase acceptor reactions with D-tagatose and L-glucose. Carbohydr Res 2005; 340:257-62. [PMID: 15639245 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2004] [Accepted: 11/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Alternansucrase (EC 2.4.1.140) is a d-glucansucrase that synthesizes an alternating alpha-(1-->3), (1-->6)-linked d-glucan from sucrose. It also synthesizes oligosaccharides via d-glucopyranosyl transfer to various acceptor sugars. Two of the more efficient monosaccharide acceptors are D-tagatose and L-glucose. In the presence of d-tagatose, alternansucrase produced the disaccharide alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->1)-beta-D-tagatopyranose via glucosyl transfer. This disaccharide is analogous to trehalulose. We were unable to isolate a disaccharide product from L-glucose, but the trisaccharide alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-l-glucose was isolated and identified. This is analogous to panose, one of the structural units of pullulan, in which the reducing-end D-glucose residue has been replaced by its L-enantiomer. The putative L-glucose disaccharide product, produced by glucoamylase hydrolysis of the trisaccharide, was found to be an acceptor for alternansucrase. The disaccharide, alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-L-glucose, was a better acceptor than maltose, previously the best known acceptor for alternansucrase. A structure comparison of alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-L-glucose and maltose was performed through computer modeling to identify common features, which may be important in acceptor affinity by alternansucrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L Côté
- Bioproducts and Biocatalysis Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
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Seo ES, Lee JH, Park JY, Kim D, Han HJ, Robyt JF. Enzymatic synthesis and anti-coagulant effect of salicin analogs by using the Leuconostoc mesenteroides glucansucrase acceptor reaction. J Biotechnol 2005; 117:31-8. [PMID: 15831245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2004.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2003] [Revised: 10/15/2004] [Accepted: 10/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glucansucrases from Leuconostoc mesenteroides catalyze the transfer of glucosyl units from sucrose to other carbohydrates by acceptor reaction. We modified salicyl alcohol, phenol and salicin by using various glucansucrases and with sucrose as a donor of glucosyl residues. Salicin, phenyl glucose, isosalicin, isomaltosyl salicyl alcohol, and a homologous series of oligosaccharides, connected to the acceptors and differing from one another by one or more glucose residues, were produced as major reaction products. By using salicin and salicyl alcohol as acceptors, B-1355C2 and B-1299CB-BF563 dextransucrases synthesized most widely diverse products, producing more than 12 and 9 different kinds of saccharides, respectively. With phenol, two acceptor products and oligosaccharides were synthesized by using the B-1299CB-BF563 dextransucrase. Salicyl derivatives, as acceptor products, showed higher anti-coagulation activity compared with that of salicin or salicyl alcohol that were used as acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seong Seo
- Department of Material Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
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31
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Côté GL, Leathers TD. A method for surveying and classifying Leuconostoc spp. glucansucrases according to strain-dependent acceptor product patterns. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2005; 32:53-60. [PMID: 15714308 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-004-0194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2004] [Accepted: 11/25/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A number of Leuconostoc spp. strains were screened for their ability to produce glucansucrases and carry out acceptor reactions with maltose. Acceptor products were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and it was discovered that they could be grouped into four distinct categories based on oligosaccharide product patterns. These patterns corresponded with structural features of the dextrans each strain is reported to produce. Strains that produced a typical dextran-characterized by a predominantly linear alpha(1-->6)-linked D: -glucan chain with a low to moderate degree of branching-produced a homologous series of isomaltooligosaccharides via acceptor reactions. Strains that produced dextrans with moderate to high levels of alpha(1-->2) branch points, exemplified by NRRL B-1299, synthesized the same isomaltodextrins as well as another series of oligosaccharides migrating slightly faster in our TLC system. Strains that produced dextrans with higher levels of alpha(1-->3)-branches, such as NRRL B-742, synthesized isomaltodextrins plus a series of oligosaccharides that migrated slightly more slowly on TLC. And finally, strains known to produce alternansucrase produced isomaltodextrins plus oligoalternans. Within a given type, variability exists in the relative proportions of each product. The data presented here may be useful in selecting strains for the production of specific types of oligosaccharides, for example as prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L Côté
- Fermentation Biotechnology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
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Abstract
Alternansucrase (EC 2.4.1.140, sucrose: (1-->6), (1-->3)-alpha-D-glucan 6(3)-alpha-D-glucosyltransferase) is a D-glucansucrase that synthesizes an alternating alpha-(1-->3), (1-->6)-linked D-glucan from sucrose. It also synthesizes oligosaccharides via D-glucopyranosyl transfer to various acceptor sugars. We have studied the acceptor products arising from methyl glycosides as model compounds in order to better understand the specificity of alternansucrase acceptor reactions. The initial product arising from methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside was methyl beta-isomaltoside, which was subsequently glucosylated to yield methyl beta-isomaltotrioside and methyl alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside. These products are analogous to those previously described from methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside. The major initial acceptor product from methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside was methyl alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-alpha-D-mannopyranoside, but several minor products were also isolated and characterized, including a 3,6-di-O-substituted mannopyranoside. Methyl alpha-D-galactopyranoside yielded two initial products, methyl alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-D-galactopyranoside and methyl alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-D-galactopyranoside, in a 2.5:1 molar ratio. Methyl D-allopyranosides were glucosylated primarily at position 6, yielding methyl alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-D-allopyranosides. The latter subsequently gave rise to methyl alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-D-allopyranosides. In general, the methyl alpha-D-hexopyranosides were better acceptors than the corresponding beta-glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L Côté
- United States Department of Agriculture, Fermentation Biotechnology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
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Richard G, Morel S, Willemot RM, Monsan P, Remaud-Simeon M. Glucosylation of alpha-butyl- and alpha-octyl-D-glucopyranosides by dextransucrase and alternansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Carbohydr Res 2003; 338:855-64. [PMID: 12681910 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(03)00070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, glucosylation of alpha-butyl- and alpha-octylglucopyranoside was achieved using dextransucrase (DS) of various specificities, and alternansucrase (AS) from Leuconostoc mesenteroides. All the glucansucrases (GS) tested used alpha-butylglucopyranoside as acceptor; in particular, DS produced alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-O-butyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside and alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-O-butyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. In contrast, alpha-octylglucopyranoside was glucosylated only by AS which was shown to be the most efficient catalyst. The conversion rates, obtained with this enzyme at sucrose to acceptor molar ratio of 2:1 reached 81 and 61% for alpha-butylglucopyranoside and alpha-octylglucopyranoside, respectively. Analyses obtained from liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry revealed that different series of alpha-alkylpolyglucopyranosides regioisomers of increasing polymerization degree can be formed depending on the specificity of the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Richard
- Département de Génie Biochimique et Alimentaire, Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR CNRS 5504, UMR INRA 792, INSA, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse 4, France
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Yoon SH, Robyt JF. Synthesis of acarbose analogues by transglycosylation reactions of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMC and B-742CB dextransucrases. Carbohydr Res 2002; 337:2427-35. [PMID: 12493227 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(02)00350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two new acarbose analogues were synthesized by the reaction of acarbose with sucrose and dextransucrases from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMC and B-742CB. The major products for each reaction were subjected to yeast fermentation, and then separated and purified by Bio-Gel P2 gel permeation chromatography and descending paper chromatography. The structures of the products were determined by one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). B-512FMC-dextransucrase produced one major acarbose product, 2(I)-alpha-D-glucopyranosylacarbose and B-742CB-dextransucrase produced two major acarbose products, 2(I)-alpha-D-glucopyranosylacarbose and 3(IV)-alpha-D-glucopyranosylacarbose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Heon Yoon
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Enzymology, 4252 Molecular Biology BLDG, Iowa State University, Ames 50011, USA
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Abstract
Alternanase is an enzyme which endo-hydrolytically cleaves the alpha-(1-->3), alpha-(1-->6)-linked D-glucan, alternan. The main products are isomaltose, alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-D-Glc and the cyclic tetrasaccharide cyclo[-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->]. It is also capable of acting on oligosaccharide substrates. The cyclic tetrasaccharide is slowly hydrolyzed to isomaltose. Panose and the trisaccharide alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-D-Glc both undergo transglycosylation reactions to give rise to the cyclic tetrasaccharide plus D-glucose, with panose being converted at a much faster rate. The tetrasaccharide alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->4)-D-Glc is hydrolyzed to D-glucose plus the trisaccharide alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-D-Glc. Alternanase does not act on isomaltotriose, theanderose (6(Glc)-O-alpha-D-Glcp sucrose), or alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1-->4)-alpha-D-Glc. The enzyme releases 4-nitrophenol from 4-nitrophenyl alpha-isomaltoside, but not from 4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl alpha-isomaltotrioside, or 4-nitrophenyl alpha-isomaltotetraoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Côté
- Fermentation Biochemistry Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
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36
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Argüello Morales MA, Remaud-Simeon M, Willemot RM, Vignon MR, Monsan P. Novel oligosaccharides synthesized from sucrose donor and cellobiose acceptor by alternansucrase. Carbohydr Res 2001; 331:403-11. [PMID: 11398982 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(01)00038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cellobiose was tested as acceptor in the reaction catalyzed by alternansucrase (EC 2.4.1.140) from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-23192. The oligosaccharides synthesized were compared to those obtained with dextransucrase from L. mesenteroides NRRL B-512F. With alternansucrase and dextransucrase, overall oligosaccharide synthesis yield reached 30 and 14%, respectively, showing that alternansucrase is more efficient than dextransucrase for cellobiose glucosylation. Interestingly, alternansucrase produced a series of oligosaccharides from cellobiose. Their structure was determined by mass spectrometry and [13C-1H] NMR spectroscopy. Two trisaccharides are first produced: alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-D-glucopyranose (compound A) and alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-D-glucopyranose (compound B). Then, compound B can in turn be glucosylated leading to the synthesis of a tetrasaccharide with an additional alpha-(1-->6) linkage at the non-reducing end (compound D). The presence of the alpha-(1-->3) linkage occurred only in the pentasaccharides (compounds C1 and C2) formed from tetrasaccharide D. Compounds B, C1, C2 and D were never described before. They were produced efficiently only by alternansucrase. Their presence emphasizes the difference existing in the acceptor reaction selectivity of the various glucansucrases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Argüello Morales
- Department de Génie Biochimique et Alimentaire, Centre de Bioingénierie, Gilbert Durand, UMR CNRS 5504, UMR INRA 792, INSA, Toulouse, France
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37
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Monsan P, Bozonnet S, Albenne C, Joucla G, Willemot RM, Remaud-Siméon M. Homopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria. Int Dairy J 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0958-6946(01)00113-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Argüello-Morales MA, Remaud-Simeon M, Pizzut S, Sarçabal P, Willemot R, Monsan P. Sequence analysis of the gene encoding alternansucrase, a sucrose glucosyltransferase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1355. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2000; 182:81-5. [PMID: 10612736 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb08878.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding alternansucrase (ASR) from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1355, an original sucrose glucosyltransferase (GTF) specific to alternating alpha-1,3 and alpha-1,6 glucosidic bond synthesis, was cloned, sequenced and expressed into Escherichia coli. Recombinant enzyme catalyzed oligoalternan synthesis from sucrose and maltose acceptor. From sequence comparison, it appears that ASR possesses the same domains as those described for GTFs specific to either contiguous alpha-1,3 osidic bond or contiguous alpha-1,6 osidic bond synthesis. However, the variable region and the glucan binding domain are longer than in other GTFs (by 100 and 200 amino acids respectively). The N-catalytic domain which presents 49% identity with the other GTFs from L. mesenteroides possesses the three determinants potentially involved in the glucosyl enzyme formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Argüello-Morales
- Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR CNRS 5504, UMR INRA 792, INSA, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 310077, Toulouse, France
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39
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Mechanism and action of glucansucrases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-0423(96)80359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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40
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Mechanism and action of glucansucrases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-0423(06)80112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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41
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Robyt JF. Mechanisms in the glucansucrase synthesis of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from sucrose. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 1995; 51:133-68. [PMID: 7484361 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2318(08)60193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J F Robyt
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Iowa State University, Ames,USA
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42
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López-Munguía A, Pelenc V, Remaud M, Biton J, Michel J, Lang C, Paul F, Monsan P. Production and purification of alternansucrase, a glucosyltransferase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1355, for the synthesis of oligoalternans. Enzyme Microb Technol 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(93)90120-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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43
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Abstract
The maltodextrin (maltose through maltoheptaose) acceptor reactions of two Streptococcus mutans 6715 glucosyltransferases (GTF-I and GTF-S) were studied. The acceptor product structures were determined by comparing them with the known structures of the acceptor products of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FM dextransucrase (EC 2.4.1.5) and L. mesenteroides B-1355 alternansucrase (EC 2.4.1.140). When reacted with maltose (G2), both GTF-I and GTF-S transferred a D-glucopyranose from sucrose to the nonreducing glucosyl residue to give panose (6(2)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl maltose). Panose then served as an acceptor to give two further acceptor products, 6(2)-alpha-isomaltosyl maltose and 6(2)-alpha-nigerosyl maltose. 6(2)-alpha-Isomaltosyl maltose then went on to serve as an acceptor to give a series of homologous acceptor products with isomaltodextrin chains attached to C-6 of the nonreducing-end residue of maltose, while 6(2)-alpha-nigerosyl maltose did not further react. When reacted with other maltodextrins (G3-G7), both GTF-I and GTF-S transferred a D-glucopyranose to C-6 of either the nonreducing-end or the reducing-end residues of the maltodextrins, forming alpha(1----6) linkages. When D-glucopyranose was transferred to the nonreducing-end residue by GTF-I or GTF-S, the first product was also an acceptor to give the second product, which then served as an acceptor to give the third product, etc., to give a homologous series of products. When D-glucopyranose was transferred to the reducing-end residue, the acceptor product that formed did not readily serve as an acceptor, or served only as a very poor acceptor, to give a small amount of the next homologue, as was the case for G7 with GTF-S. In addition, GTF-I also transferred D-glucopyranose to the reducing-end or to the nonreducing-end residue of maltotriose, forming alpha(1----3) linkages, to give 3(3)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl maltotriose and 3(1)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl maltotriose. Neither of these acceptor products further served as acceptors to give a homologous series. Under equivalent conditions of equimolar amounts of acceptor and sucrose, maltose and maltotriose are much better acceptors with GTF-I than they are with GTF-S, which is better than L. mesenteroides B-512FM dextransucrase. The three enzymes display significantly different efficiencies for the different maltodextrin acceptor reactions, GTF-I and GTF-S having much higher efficiencies than L. mesenteroides B-512FM dextransucrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
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44
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LÓPEZ-MUNGUÍA A, PELENC V, REMAUD M, PAUL F, MONSAN P, BITON J, MICHEL JM, LANG C. Production and Purification of Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1355 Alternansucrase. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1990. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb18252.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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45
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Abstract
The production of homopolysaccharides (dextrans, mutans) and heteropolysaccharides by lactic acid bacteria, their chemical composition, their structure and their synthesis are outlined. Mutans streptococci, which include Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus produce soluble and insoluble alpha-glucans. The latter may contain as much as 90% alpha-1-3 linkages and possess a marked ability to promote adherence to the smooth tooth surface causing dental plaque. Dextrans produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides are high molecular weight alpha-glucans having 1-6, 1-4 and 1-3 linkages, varying from slightly to highly branched; 1-6 linkages are predominant. Emphasis is put on exopolysaccharide producing thermophilic and mesophilic lactic acid bacteria, which are important in the dairy industry. The produced polymers play a key role in the rheological behaviour and the texture of fermented milks. One of the main problems in this field is the transitory nature of the thickening trait. This instability is not yet completely understood. Controversial results exist on the sugar composition of the slime produced, but galactose and glucose have always been identified with galactose predominating in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cerning
- Station de Recherches Laitières, CRJ, INRA Jouy-en-Josas, France
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46
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47
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Purification and properties of an extracellular levansucrase from Erwinia herbicola NRRL B-1678. Carbohydr Res 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(89)84132-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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48
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49
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Jeanes A. Immunochemical and related interactions with dextrans reviewed in terms of improved structural information. Mol Immunol 1986; 23:999-1028. [PMID: 2431300 DOI: 10.1016/0161-5890(86)90131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Structurally diverse dextrans from Leuconostoc mesenteroides and related bacteria have been used extensively in fundamental immunochemical studies such as induction and characterization of anti-dextran antibodies, as well as in studies of their interaction with pneumococcal antisera, normal bovine serum, concanavalin A, dextran-binding myeloma immunoglobulins and hybridoma antibodies. The inherent lack of specificity of structural data obtained by POSA and general lack of insight into other limitations of these analyses has often led to inaccurate and superficial interpretations. Proper interpretation of past and future studies necessitates pointing out previous inadequacies of dextran structural data and detailing more recently acquired structural information on the dextrans. Unambiguous terminology has been achieved by a new system of linkage symbols that includes the designation of structural positions, such as (1----3; l)- and (1----3; b) as linear-chain and branch-point positions, respectively. Results of immunological studies are reviewed. Improved interpretations and correlations are made on the basis of structural data from MSA and several other techniques which have become available on the dextrans.
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50
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Newman BA, Liao J, Gruezo F, Sugii S, Kabat EA, Torii M, Clevinger BL, Davie JM, Schilling J, Bond M. Immunochemical studies of mouse monoclonal antibodies to dextran B1355S--II. Combining site specificity, sequence, idiotype and affinity. Mol Immunol 1986; 23:413-24. [PMID: 2425250 DOI: 10.1016/0161-5890(86)90139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The specificities of the combining sites of 19 mouse monoclonal antibodies to dextran B1355S have been characterized immunochemically by quantitative precipitin and precipitin inhibition assays; association constants for B1355S were determined by affinity gel electrophoresis. Cross-reactive and individual idiotypes related to the BALB/c B1355S-binding myeloma proteins MOPC104E [IdI(MOPC104E)] and J558 [IdI(J558)], determined by a radioimmunoassay, and heavy-chain variable-region sequences, are presented. Antibodies to B1355S are "alpha (1----3) alpha (1----6)-specific" as determined by precipitin and precipitin inhibition assays with dextrans and oligosaccharides, respectively, containing alternating alpha (1----3) alpha (1----6) linkages compared with oligosaccharides composed solely of alpha (1----3) or alpha (1----6) linkages; all antibodies have low association constants (less than or equal to 10(5) ml/g). However, there is also considerable diversity among the proteins as seen in the five groups of different patterns of reactivity with numerous dextrans having different structures, and the variability in affinity even among antibodies showing the same fine specificity by precipitin assay. There is little observable correlation of heavy-chain variable-region amino-acid sequence with specificity or affinity; however, all proteins having D-region amino acids Tyr,Asp at positions 96,97 express the MOPC104E individual idiotype and belong to precipitin specificity group 5, the group most cross-reactive with numerous dextrans, whereas those proteins having the J558 individual idiotype, Arg,Tyr or Asn,Tyr at 96,97 are found in all five precipitin groups.
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