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Jiménez-Amezcua I, López Martínez MI, Ruiz Matute AI, Sanz ML. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for Solubility and Selective Fractionation of Bioactive Low Molecular Weight Carbohydrates. Foods 2023; 12:4355. [PMID: 38231866 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) have been shown to be selective and environmentally friendly solvents for the extraction of bioactive compounds. However, studies on the solubility of low-molecular-weight carbohydrates (LMWCs) in NADESs are scarce. In this work, new solubility data of LMWCs in NADESs are provided and a new approach based on the use of these solvents for the efficient fractionation of bioactive carbohydrates was explored for the first time. Several mono- and disaccharides and three NADESs based on choline chloride (ChCl) and different donors (2-ethylene glycol (EtG), glycerol (Gly) and ethanedioic acid dihydrate (Eth)) were considered. While the degradation of carbohydrates, mainly ketoses, was detected with ChCl:Eth due to its acidic nature, ChCl:EtG and ChCl:Gly were found to be useful alternatives for selectively separating bioactive ketoses and their corresponding aldoses (e.g., lactulose/lactose and tagatose/galactose) present in equimolar binary mixtures. In addition, the usefulness of ChCl:EtG for the selective enrichment of lactulose to be used as food ingredient or nutraceutical was proven (from a 25% in the reaction mixture to a 56% in the purified sample). NADESs could be used for the selective fractionation of value-added carbohydrates from interfering sugars for several applications, including food science, engineering or pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Jiménez-Amezcua
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Pharmactive Biotech Products S.L.U., C/Faraday, 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Isabel Ruiz Matute
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luz Sanz
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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González-Torres L, García-Paz V, Meijide A, Goikoetxea MJ, Salgado MA, Sanz ML, Vila L. Local allergic rhinitis in children: Clinical characteristics and role of basophil activation test as a diagnostic tool. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 172:111645. [PMID: 37481991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local allergic rhinitis (LAR) is a condition involving a localized nasal allergic response in absence of systemic atopy. Most studies on LAR have been performed in adults. We aimed to describe clinical characteristics of LAR pediatric patients, its clinical evolution over a 7-year follow-up period and to study the role of basophil activation test (BAT), for its diagnosis. METHODS Forty-four children with non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) were included (24 males, 20 females, aged under 15 years). Nasal allergen provocation test (NAPT) and BAT were performed with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Phleum pratense. RESULTS Seven patients (16%) were diagnosed of LAR. Six reacted to D pteronyssinus and one to P pratense. All LAR and 86% of NAR patients presented perennial symptoms. Fifty-seven percent of NAR and LAR patients referred persistent symptoms. Around half of NAR and LAR patients reported mild-moderate clinical manifestations. Three LAR patients associated conjunctival symptoms, proportionally more than NAR patients (19%, 7 out of 37). NAR patients presented bronchial asthma (n = 10) more frequently than LAR children (n = 1). More than half of LAR and NAR patients presented family history of atopy. BAT was negative in all LAR patients. On follow-up, 3 LAR patients and 10 of the 25 NAR patients who agreed to be retested, presented systemic sensitization. Dust mites were the most frequent allergen involved. CONCLUSIONS LAR should be ruled out in children with NAR. Almost half of children with LAR develop systemic sensitization over time. BAT shows low sensitivity for the diagnosis of LAR in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- L González-Torres
- Allergy Pediatric Unit, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario, A Coruña, Spain
| | - V García-Paz
- Allergy Pediatric Unit, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario, A Coruña, Spain
| | - A Meijide
- Allergy Unit, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Spain
| | - M J Goikoetxea
- Allergy Unit, Clinica Universitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M A Salgado
- Allergy Unit, Clinica Universitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M L Sanz
- Allergy Unit, Clinica Universitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - L Vila
- Allergy Pediatric Unit, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario, A Coruña, Spain.
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Jiménez-Amezcua I, González-Prada A, Díez-Municio M, Soria AC, Ruiz-Matute AI, Sanz ML. Simultaneous microwave-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from aged garlic. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1704:464128. [PMID: 37302253 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the simultaneous extraction of bioactives (organosulfur compounds, such as S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC), carbohydrates, such as neokestose and neonystose, and total phenolic compounds) from aged garlic has been optimized for the first time to obtain multifunctional extracts for further application as food ingredients. Analytical methods using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection (HILIC-ELSD) were also previously optimized. High sensitivity (limits of detection between 0.013 and 0.77 µg mL-1) and appropriate repeatability (< 12%) and accuracy (> 92%) for the analysis of bioactives were achieved. After selecting water as the extraction solvent and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) as the most efficient technique, operation conditions were optimized using a Box-Behnken experimental design (60 min; 120 °C; 0.05 g mL-1; 1 cycle) to maximize the content of bioactives from different aged garlic samples. Regarding organosulfur compounds, only SAC (traces-2.32 mg g-1 dry sample) and cycloalliin (1.23-3.01 mg g-1 dry sample) were detected in all samples, while amino acids such as arginine (0.24-3.45 mg g-1 dry sample) and proline (0.43-3.91 mg g-1 dry sample) were, in general, the most abundant. Bioactive carbohydrates (from trisaccharides to nonasaccharides) were only detected in fresh garlic and aged garlic processed under mild conditions, whereas all garlic extracts showed antioxidant activity. The developed MAE methodology is shown as a successful alternative to other procedures for the simultaneous extraction of aged garlic bioactives intended by the food and nutraceutical industries, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Jiménez-Amezcua
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, Madrid 28006, Spain; Pharmactive Biotech Products SLU, Faraday, 7, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - A González-Prada
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - M Díez-Municio
- Pharmactive Biotech Products SLU, Faraday, 7, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - A C Soria
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - A I Ruiz-Matute
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - M L Sanz
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, Madrid 28006, Spain.
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Mena-García A, Sanz ML, Díez-Municio M, Soria AC, Ruiz-Matute AI. Development of a new method using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to determine (−)-hydroxycitric acid in Garcinia gummi-gutta food supplements. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mena-García A, Bellaizac-Riascos AJ, Rada-Mendoza M, Chito-Trujillo DM, Ruiz-Matute AI, Sanz ML. Quality Evaluation of Dietary Supplements for Weight Loss Based on Garcinia cambogia. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153077. [PMID: 35893931 PMCID: PMC9332841 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Food supplements of plant origin for weight control are increasingly being demanded by consumers as a way to promote good health. Among them, those based on Garcinia cambogia (GCFS) are widely commercialized considering their bioactive properties, mainly due to (-)-hydroxycitric acid ((-)-HCA). However, recently, controversy has arisen over their safety; thus, further research and continuous monitoring of their composition is required. Hence, in this work, a multi-analytical approach was followed to determine not only (-)-HCA but also other constituents of 18 GCFS, which could be used as quality markers to detect fraudulent practices in these samples. Discrepancies between the declared (-)-HCA content and that experimentally determined were detected by LC–UV in 33% of the samples. Moreover, GC–MS analyses of GCFS allowed the detection of different compounds not present in G. cambogia fruits and not declared on supplement labels, probably related to heat exposure or to the addition of excipients or other extracts. This multi-analytical methodology is shown to be advantageous to address different fraudulent practices affecting the quality of these supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adal Mena-García
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-G.); (A.I.R.-M.)
| | - Angie Julieth Bellaizac-Riascos
- Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Universidad del Cauca, Popayán 190003, Colombia; (A.J.B.-R.); (M.R.-M.); (D.M.C.-T.)
| | - Maite Rada-Mendoza
- Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Universidad del Cauca, Popayán 190003, Colombia; (A.J.B.-R.); (M.R.-M.); (D.M.C.-T.)
| | - Diana María Chito-Trujillo
- Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Universidad del Cauca, Popayán 190003, Colombia; (A.J.B.-R.); (M.R.-M.); (D.M.C.-T.)
| | - Ana Isabel Ruiz-Matute
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-G.); (A.I.R.-M.)
| | - María Luz Sanz
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-G.); (A.I.R.-M.)
- Correspondence:
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Jiménez Amezcua I, Rivas Blas S, Díez Municio M, Soria AC, Ruiz Matute AI, Sanz ML. Development of a multianalytical strategy for detection of frauds in Coleus forskohlii supplements. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463198. [PMID: 35704959 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A new multianalytical methodology based on gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) has been proposed to evaluate frauds affecting the composition of Coleus forskohlii root supplements (FKS). After optimization and validation of chromatographic methods, 24 FKS were analyzed. Forskolin, their main bioactive component, was only found in 50% of the FKS evaluated (in the 0.032-17.1% range), with 27% of these supplements showing concentrations of this bioactive lower than those declared in their labels. Application of this methodology also proved to be successful for the detection of frauds regarding the replacement of C. forskohlii by other vegetable sources (green tea, soy leaves and a plant of the Berberidaceae family) in 17% of supplements analyzed. A study on stability of forskolin under accelerated conditions allowed to rule out its degradation as responsible for the lack of this bioactive or other natural constituents in 25% of FKS evaluated. It can be concluded that the multianalytical methodology here developed is an advantageous alternative to address the wide diversity of frauds affecting these supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Jiménez Amezcua
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain; Pharmactive Biotech Products S.L., C/ Faraday, 7, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Sergio Rivas Blas
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | | | - Ana Cristina Soria
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Ruiz Matute
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - María Luz Sanz
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain.
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Mena-García A, Ruiz-Matute AI, Soria AC, Sanz ML. A multi-analytical strategy for evaluation of quality and authenticity of artichoke food supplements for overweight control. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1647:462102. [PMID: 33964619 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of artichoke-based food supplements for obesity control (FSOC), studies on evaluation of the quality/authenticity of these commercial products are scarce. To that aim, a new multi-analytical strategy, based on the use of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet and mass spectrometry detection (HPLC-UV-MS), in combination with chemometrics, has been developed. Twenty-one artichoke FSOC and different bract and leaf extracts (used as reference samples) were analysed. Sugars, inositols, caffeoylquinic acids, dicaffeoylquinic acids, flavonoids and their glycosides were detected in reference samples and in most artichoke FSOC. Low concentrations of bioactives, and the presence of other compounds probably related to heat treatment during manufacturing (difructosyl anhydrides, 3-deoxyglucosone), or to the addition of caloric additives (maltose, maltotriose) or non-declared plants (e.g. pinitol, disaccharides, silybin derivatives) were also detected in some FSOC by either GC-MS or HPLC-UV-MS. Application of Principal Component Analysis to the combined GC-MS + HPLC-UV data matrix, proved that this multi-analytical strategy provides advantages over single analytical techniques for the detection of the wide variety of fraudulent practices affecting authenticity of artichoke FSOC and for assessment of their quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adal Mena-García
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC). Juan de la Cierva, 3 28006 Madrid Spain
| | | | - Ana Cristina Soria
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC). Juan de la Cierva, 3 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - María Luz Sanz
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC). Juan de la Cierva, 3 28006 Madrid Spain.
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Solarte DA, Ruiz-Matute AI, Chito-Trujillo DM, Rada-Mendoza M, Sanz ML. Microwave Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Carbohydrates from Different Morphological Parts of Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). Foods 2021; 10:foods10020346. [PMID: 33562045 PMCID: PMC7915009 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the nutritional properties of alfalfa, its production is mainly for animal feed and it is undervalued as a food source. In this study, the valorization of alfalfa as a potential source of bioactive carbohydrates [inositols, α-galactooligosaccharides (α-GOS)] is presented. A Box–Behnken experimental design was used to optimize the extraction of these carbohydrates from leaves, stems, and seeds of alfalfa by solid–liquid extraction (SLE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Optimal extraction temperatures were similar for both treatments (40 °C leaves, 80 °C seeds); however, SLE required longer times (32.5 and 60 min vs. 5 min). In general, under similar extraction conditions, MAE provided higher yields of inositols (up to twice) and α-GOS (up to 7 times); hence, MAE was selected for their extraction from 13 alfalfa samples. Pinitol was the most abundant inositol of leaves and stems (24.2–31.0 mg·g−1 and 15.5–22.5 mg·g−1, respectively) while seed extracts were rich in α-GOS, mainly in stachyose (48.8–84.7 mg·g−1). In addition, inositols and α-GOS concentrations of lyophilized MAE extracts were stable for up to 26 days at 50 °C. These findings demonstrate that alfalfa is a valuable source of bioactive carbohydrates and MAE a promising alternative technique to obtain functional extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Alejandra Solarte
- Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Universidad del Cauca, Popayán 190003, Colombia; (D.A.S.); (D.M.C.-T.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - Ana Isabel Ruiz-Matute
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Diana M. Chito-Trujillo
- Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Universidad del Cauca, Popayán 190003, Colombia; (D.A.S.); (D.M.C.-T.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - Maite Rada-Mendoza
- Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología, Calidad Medioambiental y Seguridad Agroalimentaria (BICAMSA), Universidad del Cauca, Popayán 190003, Colombia; (D.A.S.); (D.M.C.-T.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - María Luz Sanz
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Escobar-Arnanz J, Sanz ML, Ros M, Sanz J, Ramos L. Potential of topological descriptors to model the retention of polychlorinated biphenyls in different gas chromatography stationary phases, including ionic liquid-based columns. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1616:460844. [PMID: 31952814 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a statistical model based on a set of intuitive topological descriptors that will help to determine the influence of the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) structural features on the chromatographic behavior of these analytes in a variety of gas chromatographic stationary phases, including the highly polar ionic liquid (IL)-based SLB-IL76 and SLB-IL60 columns. The model was developed using the stepwise multiple linear regression method, and constructed through several levels of increasing complexity to make evident the relative influence of the selected descriptors. The proposed model was easy to implement and provided similar satisfactory results irrespective of the dependent variables used (i.e., retention index or retention time) or the chromatographic conditions applied (i.e., pseudo-isotherm and programmed temperature) for IL-based phases. The model also allowed the correct prediction of the elution order of selected PCBs in these and other less polar phases evaluated (i.e., SW-10, DB-17, ZB-5 and HT-8). To our knowledge, this is the first models based on topological descriptors described in the literature that provided a satisfactory fitting of the PCB behavior in IL-based phases. Our results indicated that the mechanism governing the chromatographic separation of PCBs in these highly polar columns showed significant differences compared with those observed in other less polar stationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Escobar-Arnanz
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, IQOG-CISC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Sanz
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, IQOG-CISC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ros
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, IQOG-CISC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Sanz
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, IQOG-CISC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ramos
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, IQOG-CISC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Mena-García A, Rodríguez-Sánchez S, Ruiz-Matute AI, Sanz ML. Exploitation of artichoke byproducts to obtain bioactive extracts enriched in inositols and caffeoylquinic acids by Microwave Assisted Extraction. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1613:460703. [PMID: 31753483 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Byproducts from artichoke represent the majority of the mass collected from the plant and constitute an interesting source of bioactive compounds such as inositols and caffeoylquinic acids. In this work, a microwave assisted extraction (MAE) methodology was developed for the simultaneous extraction of these compounds from artichoke stalks, leaves, receptacles and external bracts. Optimal MAE conditions to maximize the extraction of these bioactives and the antioxidant activity were 97 °C, 3 min, ethanol:water (50:50, v/v). Moreover, a GC-MS methodology was also developed for the simultaneous determination of these compounds in a single run; optimal derivatization conditions were achieved using hexamethyldisilazane and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide with 1% trimethylchlorosilane. Artichoke receptacle extracts were the richest in caffeoylquinic acids (28-35 mg g-1 dry sample), followed by the bracts (9-18 mg g-1 dry sample), while those from leaves showed the highest concentrations of inositols (up to 15 mg g-1 dry sample). Receptacle extracts also had the highest antioxidant activity (123 mg TE g-1 dry sample) and the greatest concentration of total phenolic compounds (47 mg GAE g-1 dry sample). Therefore, the developed methodology could be considered as a valuable procedure to obtain and characterize bioactive ingredients with industrial interest from artichoke byproducts, opening new routes of revalorization of artichoke agro-industrial residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mena-García
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC) Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC) Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - A I Ruiz-Matute
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC) Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - M L Sanz
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC) Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Carrero-Carralero C, Mansukhani D, Ruiz-Matute AI, Martínez-Castro I, Ramos L, Sanz ML. Extraction and characterization of low molecular weight bioactive carbohydrates from mung bean (Vigna radiata). Food Chem 2018; 266:146-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.05.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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García-Sarrió MJ, Sanz ML, Sanz J, González-Coloma A, Cristina Soria A. A new method for microwave assisted ethanolic extraction of Mentha rotundifolia bioactive terpenoids. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1957-1965. [PMID: 29656406 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A new microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method using ethanol as solvent has been optimized by means of a Box-Behnken experimental design for the enhanced extraction of bioactive terpenoids from Mentha rotundifolia leaves; 100°C, 5 min, 1.125 g dry sample: 10 mL solvent and a single extraction cycle were selected as optimal conditions. Improved performance of MAE method in terms of extraction yield and/or reproducibility over conventional solid-liquid extraction and ultrasound assisted extraction was also previously assessed. A comprehensive characterization of MAE extracts was carried out by GC-MS. A total of 46 compounds, mostly terpenoids, were identified; piperitenone oxide and piperitenone were the major compounds determined. Several neophytadiene isomers were also detected for the first time in MAE extracts. Different procedures (solid-phase extraction and activated charcoal (AC) treatment) were also evaluated for clean-up of MAE extracts, with AC providing the highest enrichment in bioactive terpenoids. Finally, the MAE method here developed is shown as a green, fast, efficient and reproducible liquid extraction methodology to obtain M. rotundifolia bioactive extracts for further application, among others, as food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús García-Sarrió
- Dpto. Análisis Instrumental y Química Ambiental, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luz Sanz
- Dpto. Análisis Instrumental y Química Ambiental, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Sanz
- Dpto. Análisis Instrumental y Química Ambiental, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Cristina Soria
- Dpto. Análisis Instrumental y Química Ambiental, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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García-Lirio E, Gonzalez Diaz C, Gonzalez Hermosa A, Gamboa P, Aranguren R, Sanz ML. Oral Immunotherapy With Egg and Milk: Changes in Peripheral Serum Cytokines Are Not Predictive Factors for Severe Adverse Reactions or for the Final Report. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2018; 28:24-28. [DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Moussou N, Corzo-Martínez M, Sanz ML, Zaidi F, Montilla A, Villamiel M. Assessment of Maillard reaction evolution, prebiotic carbohydrates, antioxidant activity and α-amylase inhibition in pulse flours. J Food Sci Technol 2016; 54:890-900. [PMID: 28303040 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the quality of bean, chickpea, fava beans, lentil and pea flours from Algeria has been evaluated. Maillard reaction (MR) indicators, modifications in the carbohydrate and protein fractions, antioxidant activity and α-amylase inhibitor of raw, toasted and stored samples were evaluated. Fava beans, beans and peas showed higher content of raffinose family oligosaccharides while chickpeas and lentils showed higher polyol content. Toasting and storage caused slightly change in pulse quality; MR showed slight losses of lysine but increased antioxidant activity. Moreover, inhibition of α-amylase was slightly augmented during processing; this could increase the undigested carbohydrates that reach the colon, modulating the glycemic response. These results point out the suitability of these flours for preparing high-quality foodstuffs intended for a wide spectrum of the population, including hyperglycemic and gluten intolerant individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Moussou
- Departement des Sciences Alimentaires, Faculté des Science de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Abd Arrahmane Mira, Route Targa Ouzemour, 06000 Bejaïa, Algeria
| | - Marta Corzo-Martínez
- IMDEA Alimentación, Antiguo Pabellón Central del Hospital de Cantoblanco (Edificio nº 7), Carretera de Canto Blanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luz Sanz
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Farid Zaidi
- Departement des Sciences Alimentaires, Faculté des Science de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Abd Arrahmane Mira, Route Targa Ouzemour, 06000 Bejaïa, Algeria
| | - Antonia Montilla
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM) CEI (CSIC + UAM), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Villamiel
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM) CEI (CSIC + UAM), Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Martínez-Aranguren R, Martínez-Botas J, Díaz-Perales A, Villalba M, de la Hoz B, Gómez F, Bartra J, Blanca-López N, Alvarado MI, Moya C, Feo Brito F, Alonso MD, González-Mancebo E, Terrados S, García BE, Gamboa P, Parra A, D´Amelio C, Goikoetxea MJ, Sanz ML. Clinical Performance of Commercial ISAC 112 Allergen Microarray Versus Noncommercial RIRAAF Platform for the Diagnosis of Plant Food and Olive Pollen Allergies. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2016; 26:185-7. [DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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16
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García BE, Martínez-Aranguren R, Bernad Alonso A, Gamboa P, Feo Brito F, Bartra J, Blanca-López N, Gómez F, Alvarado MI, Fernández J, Alonso MD, Gonzalez-Mancebo E, Moya C, Parra A, Terrados S, Sola L, Goikoetxea MJ, Sanz ML. Is the ISAC 112 Microarray Useful in the Diagnosis of Pollinosis in Spain? J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2016; 26:92-9. [DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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17
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Goikoetxea MJ, Martínez-Aranguren R, Gamboa P, Garcia BE, Gómez F, Bartra J, Parra A, Alvarado MI, Alonso MI, González E, Terrados S, Moya C, Blanca N, Feo-Brito F, Villalba M, Díaz-Perales A, Sanz ML. Is Microarray Analysis Really Useful and Sufficient to Diagnose Nut Allergy in the Mediterranean Area? J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2016; 26:31-39. [PMID: 27012014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Component-based diagnosis on multiplex platforms is widely used in food allergy but its clinical performance has not been evaluated in nut allergy. OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic performance of a commercial protein microarray in the determination of specific IgE (sIgE) in peanut, hazelnut, and walnut allergy. METHODS sIgE was measured in 36 peanut-allergic, 36 hazelnut-allergic, and 44 walnut-allergic patients by ISAC 112, and subsequently, sIgE against available components was determined by ImmunoCAP in patients with negative ISAC results. ImmunoCAP was also used to measure sIgE to Ara h 9, Cora 8, and Jug r 3 in a subgroup of lipid transfer protein (LTP)-sensitized nut-allergic patients (positive skin prick test to LTP-enriched extract). sIgE levels by ImmunoCAP were compared with ISAC ranges. RESULTS Most peanut-, hazelnut-, and walnut-allergic patients were sensitized to the corresponding nut LTP (Ara h 9, 66.7%; Cor a 8, 80.5%; Jug r 3, 84% respectively). However, ISAC did not detect sIgE in 33.3% of peanut-allergic patients, 13.9% of hazelnut-allergic patients, or 13.6% of walnut-allergic patients. sIgE determination by ImmunoCAP detected sensitization to Ara h 9, Cor a 8, and Jug r 3 in, respectively, 61.5% of peanut-allergic patients, 60% of hazelnut-allergic patients, and 88.3% of walnut-allergic patients with negative ISAC results. In the subgroup of peach LTP-sensitized patients, Ara h 9 sIgE was detected in more cases by ImmunoCAP than by ISAC (94.4% vs 72.2%, P < .05). Similar rates of Cora 8 and Jug r 3 sensitization were detected by both techniques. CONCLUSIONS The diagnostic performance of ISAC was adequate for hazelnut and walnut allergy but not for peanut allergy. sIgE sensitivity against Ara h 9 in ISAC needs to be improved.
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Corzo N, Alonso JL, Azpiroz F, Calvo MA, Cirici M, Leis R, Lombó F, Mateos-Aparicio I, Plou FJ, Ruas-Madiedo P, Rúperez P, Redondo-Cuenca A, Sanz ML, Clemente A. [Prebiotics: concept, properties and beneficial effects]. NUTR HOSP 2015; 31 Suppl 1:99-118. [PMID: 25659062 DOI: 10.3305/nh.2015.31.sup1.8715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients (oligosaccharides) that reach the colon and are used as substrate by microorganisms producing energy, metabolites and micronutrients used for the host; in addition they also stimulate the selective growth of certain beneficial species (mainly bifidobacteria and lactobacilli) in the intestinal microbiota. In this article, a multidisciplinary approach to understand the concept of prebiotic carbohydrates, their properties and beneficial effects in humans has been carried out. Definitions of prebiotics, reported by relevant international organizations and researchers, are described. A comprehensive description of accepted prebiotics having strong scientific evidence of their beneficial properties in humans (inulin-type fructans, FOS, GOS, lactulose and human milk oligosaccharides) is reported. Emerging prebiotics and those which are in the early stages of study have also included in this study. Taken into account that the chemical structure greatly influences carbohydrates prebiotic properties, the analytical techniques used for their analysis and characterization are discussed. In vitro and in vivo models used to evaluate the gastrointestinal digestion, absorption resistance and fermentability in the colon of prebiotics as well as major criteria to design robust intervention trials in humans are described. Finally, a comprehensive summary of the beneficial effects of prebiotics for health at systemic and intestinal levels is reported. The research effort on prebiotics has been intensive in last decades and has demonstrated that a multidisciplinary approach is necessary in order to claim their health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Corzo
- Departamento de Bioactividad y Análisis de Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM) Madrid..
| | - J L Alonso
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Vigo. Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Ourense, Ourense
| | - F Azpiroz
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona
| | - M A Calvo
- Grupo de investigación en Microbiología aplicada y medio-ambiental, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra, Barcelona
| | - M Cirici
- BENEO. Connecting nutrition and health, BENEO-Ibérica Barcelona
| | - R Leis
- Unidad de Gastroenterología, Hepatología y Nutrición Pediátrica, Dpto. Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Área de Gestión Integrada de Santiago, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
| | - F Lombó
- Grupo de Investigación de Biotecnología y Terapia Experimental basada en Nutraceúticos (BITTEN), Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo
| | - I Mateos-Aparicio
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid
| | - F J Plou
- Grupo de Biocatálisis Aplicada, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, Madrid
| | - P Ruas-Madiedo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica de Productos Lácteos, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - (IPLA-CSIC) Asturias
| | - P Rúperez
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC) Madrid
| | - A Redondo-Cuenca
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología II, Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
| | - M L Sanz
- Departamento de Análisis Instrumental y Química Ambiental, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Madrid
| | - A Clemente
- Departamento de Fisiología y Bioquímica de la Nutrición Animal, Estación Experimental del Zaidin (CSIC), Granada. España
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Goikoetxea MJ, Berroa F, Cabrera-Freitag P, Ferrer M, Núñez-Córdoba JM, Sanz ML, Gastaminza G. Do Skin Prick Test and In Vitro Techniques Diagnose Sensitization to Peach Lipid Transfer Protein and Profilin Equally Well in Allergy to Plant Food and Pollen? J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2015; 25:283-287. [PMID: 26310043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the skin prick test (SPT) with in vitro techniques (single and multiplex fluorescence enzyme-immunoassay [FEIA]) for detecting sensitization to profilin and lipid transfer protein (LTP). METHODS We retrospectively studied 181 patients with pollen and/or plant food allergy and 61 controls. SPT was performed with date palm profilin (Pho d 2) and peach LTP (Pru p 3), and specific IgE (sIgE) to Phl p 12 and Pru p 3 was analyzed using single FEIA and microarray. RESULTS Fifteen of 201 patients with negative results for LTP in the SPT were sensitized to this allergen in the in vitro tests, and 18 of 41 patients with positive results for LTP in the SPT were not sensitized according to the in vitro tests. Seventeen of 186 patients with negative results for profilin in the SPT were sensitized to Phl p 12 by serum sIgE, and 30 out of 56 patients with positive results for profilin in SPT were not sensitized to Phl p 12 according to the other tests. Moderate agreement was observed between the 3 techniques studied. CONCLUSIONS SPT is a sensitive technique for detecting sensitization to LTP and profilin. Its results are similar to those of in vitro techniques, especially in patients with negative SPT results for peach LTP and palm tree profilin.
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Martínez-Aranguren RM, Gamboa PM, García-Lirio E, Asturias J, Goikoetxea MJ, Sanz ML. In vivo and in vitro testing with rAni s 1 can facilitate diagnosis of Anisakis simplex allergy. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2014; 24:431-438. [PMID: 25668895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional diagnostic tests such as skin prick tests (SPT) and specific IgE (slgE) against whole Anisakis simplex extract have low specificity. Consequently, allergy to A simplex is overdiagnosed. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to compare tests used in component-resolved diagnosis. METHODS We evaluated 34 patients with allergy to A simplex, 15 patients with acute urticaria who were sensitized to A simplex but had no clinical history of allergy to A simplex, and 10 patients allergic to seafood. SPT, slgE (ELISA and ISAC-I 12), and the basophil activation test (BAT) were performed with A simplex whole extract and the molecular components rAni s 1, rAni s 3, and nPen m 1. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated and compared with different cutoffs. RESULTS With the A simplex whole extract, SPT, slgE, and BAT yielded specificity values of 72%, 68%, and 70%, respectively, with a cutoff (wheal size) of 11.2 mm, an slgE value of 7.9 kUAIL, and a stimulation index of 1.9. Specificity increased to 100% using the molecular component rAni s 1 with SPT, slgE by ELISA, and ISAC-112. Neither rAni s 3 sensitization nor cross-reactivity with Pen m 1 was observed in patients sensitized to A simplex. CONCLUSION rAni s 1 is recognized by 100% of our patients and is able to distinguish between patients allergic to A simplex and patients with acute urticaria who are sensitized to A simplex but have no clinical history of allergy to this parasite.
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Garrido-Fernández S, García BE, Sanz ML, Echechipía S, Lizaso MT, Tabar AI. Are basophil activation and sulphidoleukotriene determination useful tests for monitoring patients with peach allergy receiving sublingual immunotherapy with a Pru p 3-enriched peach extract? J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2014; 24:106-113. [PMID: 24834773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment of food allergy essentially consists of food avoidance, but immunotherapy with food is emerging as a new therapeutic option. OBJECTIVE To evaluate clinical improvement and immunological changes in patients with peach allergy following sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with a Prup3 quantified peach extract. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial with peach SLIT was conducted. We assessed clinical efficacy after 6 months of treatment by means of double-blind, placebo-controlled oral challenges with peach and also evaluated immunological changes (basophil activation test [BAT] and determination of sulphidoleukotriene production) following stimulation with peach peel and pulp, rPrup3, rMald 1, and rMal d 4 stimulation. We also measured specific IgE and IgG4 to Pru p3. RESULTS After 6 months of SLIT (T6), the active group showed a 3-fold improvement in tolerance to Prup3 and a significant increase in IgE to rPrup3 and in sLT production following stimulation with peach peel and rPrup3. There was also a significant increase in BAT results after stimulation with rPrup3 at 1 month of SLIT (T1). Statistically significant between-group differences were only observed for BAT with peach peel and pulp at T1 and T6 and for BAT with rPru p3 at T6. No changes were observed in BAT with rMal d 1 or rMal d 4 or in IgG4 levels to nPrup3. CONCLUSIONS SLIT with a Pru p 3 quantified peach extract is clinically effective and leads to an increase in basophil activation and sulphidoleukotriene production following stimulation with rPru p3 and peach peel in the first months of treatment.
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Rodríguez-Sánchez S, Galindo-Iranzo P, Soria AC, Sanz ML, Quintanilla-López JE, Lebrón-Aguilar R. Characterization by the solvation parameter model of the retention properties of commercial ionic liquid columns for gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1326:96-102. [PMID: 24373774 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, four commercial ionic liquid columns (SLB-IL59, SLB-IL76, SLB-IL82 and SLB-IL100) for gas chromatography have been comprehensively evaluated in terms of efficiency, polarity and solvation properties. Grob tests and McReynolds constants showed that they were all high-efficiency columns of high polarity, but with low inertness to compounds with hydrogen bonding capabilities. The solvation parameter model was used to characterize the solvation interactions of the four columns in the 80-160°C temperature range. Results revealed that all the ionic liquids studied can be considered moderately hydrogen-bond acid and highly cohesive stationary phases, on which the dominant contributions to retention were the dipolar-type and hydrogen-bond base interactions, while π-π and n-π interactions were barely significant. The SLB-IL59 column provided the best separation of homologs, while the SLB-IL76 and SLB-IL100 columns had the most basic and the most acidic phases, respectively. A principal component analysis for the commonly used stationary phases in capillary GC showed that these commercial ionic liquid columns fill an empty area of the available selectivity space, which clearly enhances the separation capacity of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Galindo-Iranzo
- Instituto de Química-Física "Rocasolano" (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - A C Soria
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Sanz
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J E Quintanilla-López
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Lebrón-Aguilar
- Instituto de Química-Física "Rocasolano" (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Ruiz-Aceituno L, Carrero-Carralero C, Ramos L, Martinez-Castro I, Sanz ML. Development of a carbohydrate silylation method in ionic liquids for their gas chromatographic analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 787:87-92. [PMID: 23830425 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on the feasibility of silylation of low molecular weight carbohydrates dissolved in different ionic liquids (ILs) for their further analysis by gas chromatography (GC). Derivatization reagents (nature and amounts), temperature and time of reaction and stirring conditions were evaluated for different carbohydrates (i.e., glucose, mannose, fructose and lactose) dissolved in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide [EMIM][DCA]. Evaluation of conformational isomerism of glucose dissolved in [EMIM][DCA] revealed the effect of the time of dissolution in the equilibration of α- and β-furanoses (up to 3% and 6%, respectively, after 70 h of incubation) and that 21 h sufficed to obtain results similar to those provided by the reference method involving pyridine. Once optimized, the proposed derivatization procedure provided satisfactory yields (i.e., close to 100%) using 100 μL of trimethylsilylimidazole (TMSI) at mild conditions (25°C) for a relatively short time (1h) for most of the investigated carbohydrates. Under these experimental conditions, linear responses (i.e., R(2) better than 0.974) were obtained in the tested range of 0.25-1mg of the derivatized target compounds. Other reagents, such as N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA)+1% trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS), were successfully used under ultrasonic conditions for aldose monosaccharides and disaccharides derivatization, while BSTFA was useful for ketose monosaccharides. The possibility of using the proposed method for the derivatization of selected carbohydrates dissolved in different ILs and the efficiency of the method applied to the analysis of carbohydrates present in real samples (fruit juices) have also been investigated.
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Idoate MA, Echeveste J, Gil P, Sanz ML, Ferrer M. Expression of the basophil-specific antibodies 2D7 and BB1 in patients with cutaneous Mastocytosis. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2013; 23:392-397. [PMID: 24459815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 2D7 and BB1 are thought to be basophil-specific markers. In this study, we tested both antibodies in different skin and mast cell disorders with the aim of determining whether it was possible to differentiate between benign and aggressive presentations of mastocytosis. METHODS Using the antibodies 2D7, BB1, and c-Kit, we performed an immunohistochemical study of skin biopsy specimens from patients with cutaneous mastocytosis (15 urticaria pigmentosa and telangiectatic macularis eruptive perstans) and liver or bone marrow biopsy specimens from patients with systemic mastocytosis. A basophil leukemia cell line was used as a reference. Peripheral blood basophils from healthy donors were used as controls. RESULTS We observed intense expression of 2D7 and BB1 in all skin biopsy specimens from patients with cutaneous mastocytosis. Immunostaining of liver and bone marrow specimens from patients with systemic mastocytosis with 2D7 and BB1 antibodies was negative. Specimens from patients with either type of mastocytosis showed similarly strong expression of c-Kit. The basophil cell line showed a 2D7 and a BB1 profile, with intense expression of c-Kit. Peripheral blood basophils exhibited notable immunostaining for 2D7, BB1, and c-Kit. CONCLUSIONS 2D7 and BB1 are expressed in cutaneous mastocytosis, although this expression is lost when mast cell proliferation is systemic, thus reflecting either a different cellular differentiation stage or the presence of basophils in these skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Idoate
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J Echeveste
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - P Gil
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M L Sanz
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M Ferrer
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Mayorga C, Sanz ML, Gamboa P, Garcia-Aviles MC, Fernandez J, Torres MJ. In vitro methods for diagnosing nonimmediate hypersensitivity reactions to drugs. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2013; 23:213-225. [PMID: 23964550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonimmediate drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) are difficult to manage in daily clinical practice, mainly owing to their heterogeneous clinical manifestations and the lack of selective biological markers. In vitro methods are necessaryto establish a diagnosis, especially given the low sensitivity of skin tests and the inherent risks of drug provocation testing. In vitro evaluation of nonimmediate DHRs must include approaches that can be applied during the different phases of the reaction. During the acute phase, monitoring markers in both skin and peripheral blood helps to discriminate between immediate and nonimmediate DHRs with cutaneous responses and to distinguish between reactions that, although they present similar clinical symptoms, are produced by different immunological mechanisms and therefore have a different treatment and prognosis. During the resolution phase, in vitro testing is used to detect the response of T cells to drug stimulation; however, this approach has certain limitations, such as the lack of validated studies assessing sensitivity. Moreover, in vitro tests indicate an immune response that is not always related to a DHR. In this review, members of the Immunology and Drug Allergy Committee of the Spanish Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (SEAIC) provide an overview of the most widely used in vitro tests for evaluating nonimmediate DHRs.
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MESH Headings
- Antigen-Antibody Complex/analysis
- Antigen-Antibody Complex/immunology
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/analysis
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Biomarkers/analysis
- Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis
- Drug Hypersensitivity/immunology
- Drug Hypersensitivity/pathology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Hypersensitivity, Delayed/diagnosis
- Hypersensitivity, Delayed/immunology
- Hypersensitivity, Delayed/pathology
- Immunoglobulin E/analysis
- Immunoglobulin E/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type/analysis
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/pathology
- Skin Tests
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mayorga
- Allergy Service, Carlos Haya Hospital, Malaga, Spain
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Goikoetxea MJ, Sanz ML, García BE, Mayorga C, Longo N, Gamboa PM, Barber D, Caballero Molina T, de la Calle Toral A, Escribano Mora L, García Martinez JM, Labrador M, López Hoyos M, Martínez Quesada J, Monteseirin Mateo J. Recommendations for the use of in vitro methods to detect specific immunoglobulin E: are they comparable? J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2013; 23:448-455. [PMID: 24654308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Total and specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E can be detected in vitro using several commercially available methods. The largest share of the global market for these methods is held by the ImmunoCAP technique (Thermo Fisher, previously Phadia), Immulite (Siemens), and Hytec-288 (Hycor). Most comparative studies examine Immulite and ImmunoCAP, which differ methodologically but use similar units of measurement relative to the same standard of total IgE (WHO IgE Standard 75/502). Despite their similarity, these kits differ in their quantification of specific IgE, which varies depending on the allergen studied.Thus, specific IgE results obtained with ImmunoCAP and Immulite are not interchangeable. It is important to bear this in mind, especially when determining cutoff points as predictors of a response to oral challenge with specific food allergens. The method used in practice must be the same as the one in the publication guiding clinical decision making. We analyze differences between ImmunoCAP and ISAC microarray, 2 methods from the same manufacturer used to detect IgE to specific proteins (purified or recombinant).The results show that the IgE values obtained with ImmunoCAP are not equivalent to the corresponding values obtained with the ISAC microarray system.
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Martínez-Aranguren R, Gamboa PM, García-Lirio E, Goikoetxea MJ, Gastaminza G, Sanz ML. In vitro production of Ag-specific IFN-gamma in patients with delayed hypersensitivity to amoxicillin. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2013; 23:125-126. [PMID: 23654080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Martínez-Aranguren
- Department ofAllergology and Clinical Immunology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Madrigal-Burgaleta R, Berges-Gimeno MP, Angel-Pereira D, Guillen-Ponce C, Sanz ML, Alvarez-Cuesta E. Desensitizing oxaliplatin-induced fever: a case report. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2013; 23:435-436. [PMID: 24459821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D Angel-Pereira
- Allergy Division, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Guillen-Ponce
- Medical Oncology Division, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Sanz
- Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - E Alvarez-Cuesta
- Allergy Division, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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de las Marinas MD, Martorell C, Martorell A, Cerdá JC, Felix R, Guaita M, Sanz ML. Basophil activation test is a useful tool in occupational asthma due to iroko wood. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2013; 23:512-514. [PMID: 24654319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
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Goikoetxea MJ, Lafuente A, de la Borbolla JM, Moncada R, Sanz ML, Gastaminza G. Early diagnosis of an allergic reaction to cisatracurium. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2013; 23:69-71. [PMID: 23653984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M J Goikoetxea
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Barber D, Arias J, Boquete M, Cardona V, Carrillo T, Gala G, Gamboa P, García-Robaina JC, Hernández D, Sanz ML, Tabar AI, Vidal C, Ipsen H, de la Torre F, Lombardero M. Analysis of mite allergic patients in a diverse territory by improved diagnostic tools. Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 42:1129-38. [PMID: 22702511 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.03993.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few studies comparing the sensitization with mite allergens from different mite species which could potentially be the cause of allergy. OBJECTIVE To improve the diagnosis of mite allergic patients from a diverse territory in which D. pteronyssinus/D. farinae mites together with storage mites could be present in the environment. METHODS Four hundred and seventy-seven patients (both children and adults) from different regions, covering the main mite prevalent areas of Spain, were recruited. sIgE to eight allergens was measured together with SPT to whole mite extracts, level of mite allergen exposure, and specific IgG(4) . BAT and CAST was performed in a subgroup of patients. RESULTS D. pteronyssinus and L. destructor were more prevalent in Atlantic areas, whereas D. farinae predominate in Mediterranean areas. About 90% of patients were sensitized to group 1 and/or group 2 allergens. Group 2 was the most prevalent, and the IgE response/intensity of sensitization in BAT was higher. sIgE to Der p 2/Der f 2 was almost fully cross-reactive, but no cross-reactivity was detected with Lep d 2. Group 1 allergens were also cross-reactive, but in some patients a species-specific response was observed. sIgE to Lep d 2 was associated with SPT results to storage mites. Sensitization to Der p 1 was more frequent in children, whereas Lep d 2 sensitization was more frequent in adults. A higher ratio IgE/IgG(4) to Der p 2 was associated with the presence of allergic asthma. CONCLUSION An improved diagnosis algorithm has been established. Group 2 allergens seem to have a leading role in mite allergy, but as group 1 sensitization could be species-specific in some patients and its prevalence is higher in children, an adequate balance on major mite species and major allergens must be consider in the design of mite allergy vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barber
- Departamento de I+D, ALK-Abelló, Madrid/Hørsholm, Spain/Denmark.
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Ruiz-Aceituno L, Ramos L, Martinez-Castro I, Sanz ML. Low molecular weight carbohydrates in pine nuts from Pinus pinea L. J Agric Food Chem 2012; 60:4957-4959. [PMID: 22533651 DOI: 10.1021/jf2048959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular weight carbohydrates in pine nuts from Pinus pinea L. (n = 7) have been studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as their trimethylsilyl oximes. Besides previously reported components, such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, and raffinose, several soluble carbohydrates have been identified for the first time in this product, including saccharides (galactose, maltose, and planteose) and cyclitols (pinitol, galactinol, galactopinitol A1, fagopyritol B1, and other glycosyl-inositols). Most abundant cyclitols were chiro-inositol, fagopyritol B1, and pinitol, with concentrations ranging from 126.7 to 222.1 mg (100 g)(-1), 94.2 to 177.1 mg (100 g)(-1), and 51.2 to 282.8 mg (100 g)(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ruiz-Aceituno
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Gamboa PM, Asturias J, Martínez R, Antépara I, Jáuregui I, Urrutia I, Fernández J, Sanz ML. Diagnostic utility of components in allergy to Anisakis simplex. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2012; 22:13-19. [PMID: 22448449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In our region, Anisakis allergy is responsible for 8% of acute urticarial reactions, 25% of which progress to anaphylactic shock. The poor specificity of skin tests and in vitro specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E means that Anisakis allergy is frequently overdiagnosed. OBJECTIVE We studied the diagnostic value of 2 Anisakis allergens: rAni s 1 and rAni s 3. METHODS Skin tests, the basophil activation test (BAT), and specific IgE determination were performed with rAni s 1 and 3 in 25 patients allergic to Anisakis, 17 atopic controls, and 10 controls with acute urticaria and positive skin test and sIgE results for Anisakis, but no allergy to Anisakis. RESULTS For rAni s1, skin tests had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and specific IgE had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% in the atopic control group and 90% in the urticaria control group. BAT had a sensitivity of 96.8% and a specificity of 100% in the atopic control group and 66.7% in the urticaria control group. For rAni s 3, only 1 patient had positive specific IgE results to rAni s 3. All other techniques gave negative results in patients and controls CONCLUSIONS rAni s 1 is the major allergen of Anisakis and the target allergen when diagnosing allergy to Anisakis, rAni s 3 is not relevant when attempting to explain false-positive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Gamboa
- Hospital de Basurto, Servicio de Alergologia, Bilbao, Spain.
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Javaloyes G, Goikoetxea MJ, García Núñez I, Sanz ML, Blanca M, Scheurer S, Vieths S, Ferrer M. Performance of different in vitro techniques in the molecular diagnosis of peanut allergy. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2012; 22:508-513. [PMID: 23397673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peanut allergy is an increasingly serious disorder with a heterogeneous pattern of sensitization across different countries. In vitro diagnostic techniques may help in establishing these patterns. OBJECTIVES To analyze the usefulness of determining specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) with the ImmunoCAP fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (FEIA), the ImmunoCAP ISAC CRD103 microarray (ISAC), and the basophil activation test (BAT) in the molecular diagnosis of peanut allergy. METHODS In 26 peanut-allergic patients, sIgE antibodies against allergic components were measured with FEIA, ISAC, and BAT. RESULTS The major peanut component in our population wasAra h 9.The detection of sIgE toAra h 9 using FEIA and BAT with this allergen yielded a sensitivity of 92% and 88% and a specificity of 95% and 100%, respectively. Overall diagnosis of peanut allergy by ISAC showed a sensitivity of 11% but a specificity of 95% since Ara h 9 was not present in the microarray version used. There was diagnostic agreement between the 3 techniques for the peanut allergens studied. CONCLUSIONS The determination of sIgE to Ara h 9 using FEIA and BAT offers high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of peanut allergy in the Spanish population. The CRD103 version of ISAC is not of value in our region as it does not include the most common allergen, Ara h 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Javaloyes
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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López-Hoyos M, Lizaso MT, Rodríguez JJ, Sanz ML, Labrador-Horrillo M, Ramos R, Martín-Esteban M, Pastor R, Hernández MD, Casas ML, Peláez A, García BE. Quantitative measurement of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E levels in mass units (ng/mL): an interlaboratory comparison. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2012; 22:387-389. [PMID: 23101323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M López-Hoyos
- Servicio Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla-IFIMAV, Santander, Spain.
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Hernandez-Hernandez O, Moreno FJ, Kolida S, Rastall RA, Sanz ML. Effect of glycation of bovine β-lactoglobulin with galactooligosaccharides on the growth of human faecal bacteria. Int Dairy J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Brokl M, Hernández-Hernández O, Soria AC, Sanz ML. Evaluation of different operation modes of high performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of complex mixtures of neutral oligosaccharides. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:7697-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gonzalez-Quintela A, Valcarcel C, Campos J, Alonso M, Sanz ML, Vidal C. Biologic activity of cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants in heavy drinkers. Clin Exp Allergy 2011; 41:759-61. [PMID: 21457167 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03735.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hernández-Hernández O, Ruiz-Aceituno L, Sanz ML, Martínez-Castro I. Determination of free inositols and other low molecular weight carbohydrates in vegetables. J Agric Food Chem 2011; 59:2451-5. [PMID: 21366313 DOI: 10.1021/jf1045552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Different low molecular weight carbohydrates including saccharides, polyalcohols, sugar acids, and glycosides have been identified and quantified in different edible vegetables from Asteraceae, Amarantaceae, Amarylidaceae, Brassicaceae, Dioscoreaceae, and Solanaceae families by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Apart from glucose, fructose, and sucrose, other saccharides such as sedoheptulose in chicory, spinach, cabbage, purple yam, eggplant, radish, and oak leaf lettuce, rutinose in eggplant skin, and a glycosyl-inositol in spinach have been identified. chiro-Inositol was found in all vegetables of the Asteraceae family (3.1-32.6 mg 100 g(-1)), whereas scyllo-inositol was detected in those of purple yam, eggplant, artichoke, chicory, escarole, and endive (traces-23.2 mg 100 g(-1)). α-Galactosides, kestose, glucaric acid, and glycosyl-glycerols were also identified and quantified in some of the analyzed vegetables. Considering the bioactivity of most of these compounds, mainly chicory leaves, artichokes, lettuces, and purple yam could constitute beneficial sources for human health.
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Palacín A, Tordesillas L, Gamboa P, Sanchez-Monge R, Cuesta-Herranz J, Sanz ML, Barber D, Salcedo G, Díaz-Perales A. Characterization of peach thaumatin-like proteins and their identification as major peach allergens. Clin Exp Allergy 2011; 40:1422-30. [PMID: 20701616 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03578.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peach is the most important fruit related to food allergy in the Mediterranean area. Pru p 3, its lipid transfer protein, has been described as the principal allergen responsible for cross-reactivities with other foods and pollen and the severity of clinical symptoms. However, the involvement of other allergenic families cannot be ruled out. Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) have been described as food allergen in several fruits, such as apple, cherry, kiwi and banana, and pollen. OBJECTIVE To identify members of the TLP family in peach fruit and to characterize putative allergens. METHODS Through two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis of peach extract and immunodetections with a pool of peach-allergic patients, IgE-binding spots were identified and the corresponding proteins purified and characterized as allergens by in vitro and in vivo assays. Three isoforms, belonging to the TLP family, were purified by different chromatographic systems and characterized by N-terminal amino acid sequences, molecular weight determination (MALDI) and enzymatic activity analysis (beta-1,3-gluconase test and inhibition growth of fungi). In the same way, their IgE-binding capacity and allergenic activity were tested by ELISA assays, basophil activation tests and skin prick tests (SPT). RESULTS Two peach-TLPs, Pru p 2.0101 and Pru p 2.0201, were identified as IgE-binding spots by 2D electrophoresis. Another peach-TLP, Pru p 2.0301, was cloned and produced as recombinant protein in a yeast system. The three isoforms were purified and characterized as TLPs by immunoblotting with anti-chestnut TLP antibodies and anti-plant N-asparagine complex glycan (anti-cross-reactive carbohydrate determinant). All of them showed beta-1,3-glucanase activity and inhibition of fungal growth. The three TLPs were recognized by around 50% of the sera from 31 patients analysed in ELISA experiments. All three gave a positive response to an SPT and/or in basophil activation experiments. CONCLUSION Three isoforms, belonging to the TLP family, were identified in peach as principal allergens. Their prevalence, observed in in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo analyses, suggests that they are important allergens and should therefore be included in the routine diagnosis of peach allergy, at least in the Mediterranean area.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Palacín
- Unidad de Bioquímica, Departamento de Biotecnología, E.T.S. Ingenieros Agrónomos, UPM, Madrid, Spain
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Cabrera-Freitag P, Escalada J, Goikoetxea MJ, Laguna S, Sanz ML, Gastaminza G. A severe case of lipoatrophy due to human insulin and insulin analogs in a patient with diabetes: is an immunological mechanism involved? J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2011; 21:417-419. [PMID: 21905513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Cabrera-Freitag
- Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Cabrera-Freitag P, Ferrer M, Martínez R, Javaloyes G, Sanz ML. The basophil activation test as a promising diagnostic tool in hypersensitivity to chironomid larvae. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2011; 21:158-159. [PMID: 21462811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Cabrera-Freitag
- Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Sánchez Morillas L, Rojas Pérez-Ezquerra P, Reaño Martos M, Sanz ML, Laguna Martínez JJ. Urticaria due to antihistamines. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2011; 21:66-68. [PMID: 21370726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
H1-antihistamines are probably the most frequently used drugs in allergic diseases, with widely established efficacy, tolerance, and safety. We report a patient with urticaria due to ingestion of ebastine and fexofenadine. Skin prick tests, patch tests, and basophil activation tests with the implicated drugs and antihistamines from other families were negative. The oral challenges with the implicated antihistamines and other antihistamines tested were positive, but the patient tolerated an oral challenge with cetirizine. We present a patient with urticaria induced by different antihistamines in whom the diagnosis was established by oral challenge. The mechanism of sensitization remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sánchez Morillas
- Allergology Department, Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja, Madrid, Spain.
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Pérez-Ezquerra PR, Morillas LS, Martínez JJL, Fernández GD, Gomez-Tembleque MDP, Alvarez AS, Sanz ML. Anaphylaxis to omeprazole. Cross-reactivity with the other proton pump inhibitors. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2011; 39:54. [PMID: 20678852 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gastaminza G, de la Borbolla JM, Goikoetxea MJ, Escudero R, Antón J, Espinós J, Lacasa C, Fernández-Benítez M, Sanz ML, Ferrer M. A new rapid desensitization protocol for chemotherapy agents. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2011; 21:108-112. [PMID: 21462800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desensitization has been used for some decades to treat patients with the allergenic drug when an alternative drug with similar efficacy and safety is not available. We present the results from a series of oncology patients desensitized at our hospital during the last 2 years. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of a new desensitization protocol in patients allergic to chemotherapy drugs. METHODS We performed an observational retrospective study of 11 women (6 breast cancer and 5 ovarian cancer) who underwent our desensitization protocol. Four patients had immediate reactions to carboplatin, 3 to docetaxel, 3 to paclitaxel, and 1 to both docetaxel and paclitaxel. Premedication was administered in all cases. A 5-step protocol based on 5 different dilutions of the drugs was used. RESULTS We performed 39 desensitization procedures: 14 to carboplatin, 3 to oxaliplatin, 16 to docetaxel, and 6 to paclitaxel. Eight patients tolerated the full dose in 36 procedures. One patient suffered an anaphylactic reaction to carboplatin that reverted with treatment. One patient had dyspnea after a paclitaxel cycle. One patient experienced dyspnea due to chronic pulmonary thromboembolism related to her disease. CONCLUSION Desensitization is a useful procedure in patients who are allergic to their chemotherapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gastaminza
- Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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Cabrera-Freitag P, Goikoetxea MJ, Gamboa PM, Martínez-Aranguren R, Beorlegui C, Fernández J, Sanz ML. A study of the variability of the in vitro component-based microarray ISAC CDR 103 technique. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2011; 21:414-415. [PMID: 21905510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Cabrera-Freitag
- Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Ruiz-Matute AI, Hernández-Hernández O, Rodríguez-Sánchez S, Sanz ML, Martínez-Castro I. Derivatization of carbohydrates for GC and GC-MS analyses. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 879:1226-40. [PMID: 21186143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
GC and GC-MS are excellent techniques for the analysis of carbohydrates; nevertheless the preparation of adequate derivatives is necessary. The different functional groups that can be found and the diversity of samples require specific methods. This review aims to collect the most important methodologies currently used, either published as new procedures or as new applications, for the analysis of carbohydrates. A high diversity of compounds with diverse functionalities has been selected: neutral carbohydrates (saccharides and polyalcohols), sugar acids, amino and iminosugars, polysaccharides, glycosides, glycoconjugates, anhydrosugars, difructose anhydrides and products resulting of Maillard reaction (osuloses, Amadori compounds). Chiral analysis has also been considered, describing the use of diastereomers and derivatives to be eluted on chiral stationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Ruiz-Matute
- Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales-CIAL (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Brokl M, Soria AC, Ruiz-Matute AI, Sanz ML, Ramos L. Separation of disaccharides by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Application to honey analysis. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:11561-11567. [PMID: 20973549 DOI: 10.1021/jf102646n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A new method based on comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-ToF MS) has been developed for the first time for the analysis of complex mixtures of disaccharides previously converted to their trimethylsilyl oximes (TMSO). Among the different experimental parameters considered for optimization, both the column set combination and the dimensions of the second-dimension column were found to be the most significant with regard to the complete resolution of structurally similar disaccharides. Application of the optimized method to honey analysis allowed the separation of most of the honey disaccharides previously described in the literature. Furthermore, 12 other unknown disaccharides have been separated by this method and characterized from their mass spectral data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Brokl
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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González-de-Olano D, Alvarez-Twose I, Morgado JM, Esteban López MI, Vega Castro A, Díaz de Durana MDA, Sánchez-Muñoz L, Matito A, de la Hoz Caballer B, Sanz ML, Orfao A, Escribano L. Evaluation of basophil activation in mastocytosis with Hymenoptera venom anaphylaxis. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2010; 80:167-75. [PMID: 21520404 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basophil activation tests (BATs) have been demonstrated to be useful in detecting IgE-mediated sensitization by measuring basophil activation surface markers (CD63 and CD203c). Hymenoptera venom is one of the best known mediators-release trigger in patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM). The aim of this study was to investigate the use of BATs as an additional diagnostic tool in patients with mastocytosis suffering from hymenoptera venom anaphylaxis (HVA). METHODS A total of 22 patients with history of HVA and SM, together with a group of 11 patients with HVA in whom SM was ruled out after a complete bone marrow study, were analyzed. RESULTS Among 11 SM patients who had specific serum IgE (sIgE) against hymenoptera venom and an evaluable BAT, a positive BAT was found in nine. Additionally, a positive BAT was detected in three of seven patients who had no sIgE. These three patients had low levels of total IgE compared with control population (mean of 20 vs. 78 IU/mL); one had discontinued immunotherapy after 5 years, when sIgE levels had turned negative, and, in the other two patients, BAT identified the culprit insect. CONCLUSIONS BAT is a useful complementary diagnostic tool to sIgE in mastocytosis patients with HVA, and it may contribute to predict or confirm these nearly fatal reactions, especially before discontinuing venom immunotherapy in patients who are negative for skin tests or sIgE or display low total IgE levels; in such cases, it also provides evidence on the culprit insect prompting HVA.
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Cernadas JR, Brockow K, Romano A, Aberer W, Torres MJ, Bircher A, Campi P, Sanz ML, Castells M, Demoly P, Pichler WJ. General considerations on rapid desensitization for drug hypersensitivity - a consensus statement. Allergy 2010; 65:1357-66. [PMID: 20716314 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02441.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug hypersensitivity reactions can occur with most drugs, are unpredictable, may affect any organ or system, and range widely in clinical severity from mild pruritus to anaphylaxis. In most cases, the suspected drug is avoided in the future. However, for certain patients, the particular drug may be essential for optimal therapy. Under these circumstances, desensitization may be performed. Drug desensitization is defined as the induction of a temporary state of tolerance of a compound responsible for a hypersensitivity reaction. It is performed by administering increasing doses of the medication concerned over a short period of time (from several hours to a few days) until the total cumulative therapeutic dose is achieved and tolerated. It is a high-risk procedure used only in patients in whom alternatives are less effective or not available after a positive risk/benefit analysis. Desensitization protocols have been developed and are used in patients with allergic reactions to antibiotics (mainly penicillin), insulins, sulfonamides, chemotherapeutic and biologic agents, and many other drugs. Desensitization is mainly performed in IgE-mediated reactions, but also in reactions where drug-specific IgE have not been demonstrated. Desensitization induces a temporary tolerant state, which can only be maintained by continuous administration of the medication. Thus, for treatments like chemotherapy, which have an average interval of 4 weeks between cycles, the procedure must be repeated for every new course. In this paper, some background information on rapid desensitization procedures is provided. We define the drugs and drug reactions indicated for such procedures, describe the possible mechanism of action, and discuss the indications and contraindications. The data should serve as background information for a database (accessible via the EAACI-homepage) with standardized protocols for rapid desensitization for antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, monoclonal antibodies/fusion proteins, and other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Cernadas
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Medical University, H. S. João, Porto, Portugal.
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