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Ng WJ, Sit NW, Ooi PAC, Ee KY, Lim TM. Botanical Origin Differentiation of Malaysian Stingless Bee Honey Produced by Heterotrigona itama and Geniotrigona thoracica Using Chemometrics. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247628. [PMID: 34946710 PMCID: PMC8704392 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stingless bee honey, specifically honeydew honey, is generally valued for its better health benefits than those of most blossom types. However, scientific studies about the differentiation of stingless bee honey based on honeydew and blossom origins are very limited. In this study, 13C NMR spectroscopy was employed to quantify the seven major sugar tautomers in stingless bee honey samples, and the major sugar compositions of both honeydew and blossom types were found not significantly different. However, several physicochemical properties of honeydew honey including moisture content, free acidity, electrical conductivity, ash content, acetic acid, diastase, hydrogen peroxide, and mineral elements levels were significantly higher; while total soluble solid, proline, and hydroxymethylfurfural were significantly lower than blossom honey. Greater antioxidant capacity in honeydew honey was proven with higher total phenolic compounds, ABTS, DPPH, superoxide radical scavenging activities, peroxyl radical inhibition, iron chelation, and ferric reducing power. Using principal component analysis (PCA), two clusters of stingless bee honey from the honeydew and blossom origin were observed. PCA also revealed that the differentiation between honeydew and blossom origin of stingless bee honey is possible with certain physicochemical and antioxidant parameters. The combination of NMR spectroscopy and chemometrics are suggested to be useful to determine the authenticity and botanical origin of stingless bee honey.
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Fu D, Zhang X, Zhang H, Fu Q, Jin Y, Yan J, Li X. Simple and efficient preparation of high-purity trehalulose from the waste syrup of isomaltulose production using solid-phase extraction followed by hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:2334-2342. [PMID: 33822488 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient method was developed for the preparation of high-purity trehalulose from the waste syrup of isomaltulose production. The waste syrup was pre-treated with C18 solid-phase extraction, where 98% decolorization and 97% reducing sugar recovery were obtained, followed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography separation on a cysteine-bonded zwitterionic column. Under optimized conditions, trehalulose was separated from isomaltulose isomer and prepared on a semi-preparative scale with >99% purity. The structure of the prepared trehalulose was subsequently confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance, and three tautomers of trehalulose (α-D-glucosylpyranosyl-1,1-β-D-fructopyranose, α-D-glucosylpyranosyl-1,1-β-D-fructofuranose, and α-D-glucosylpyranosyl-1,1-α-D-fructofuranose) were detected and completely characterized by 13 C NMR spectroscopy for the first time in this study. The tautomerization of α-D and β-D type transition was observed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography on an AdvanceBio Glycan Mapping column, with smaller particle size (2.7 μm). Furthermore, the prepared trehalulose was applied as a standard for trehalulose quantification during the sucrose conversion by Klebsiella sp. LX3. The combination of solid-phase extraction and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography offers a new avenue for the preparation of sugar isomers from complex natural or fermentation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Fu
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Qing Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yu Jin
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jingyu Yan
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhen Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
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Fletcher MT, Hungerford NL, Webber D, Carpinelli de Jesus M, Zhang J, Stone ISJ, Blanchfield JT, Zawawi N. Stingless bee honey, a novel source of trehalulose: a biologically active disaccharide with health benefits. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12128. [PMID: 32699353 PMCID: PMC7376065 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Stingless bee (Meliponini) honey has long been considered a high-value functional food, but the perceived therapeutic value has lacked attribution to specific bioactive components. Examination of honey from five different stingless bee species across Neotropical and Indo-Australian regions has enabled for the first time the identification of the unusual disaccharide trehalulose as a major component representing between 13 and 44 g per 100 g of each of these honeys. Trehalulose is an isomer of sucrose with an unusual α-(1 → 1) glucose-fructose glycosidic linkage and known acariogenic and low glycemic index properties. NMR and UPLC-MS/MS analysis unambiguously confirmed the identity of trehalulose isolated from stingless bee honeys sourced across three continents, from Tetragonula carbonaria and Tetragonula hockingsi species in Australia, from Geniotrigona thoracica and Heterotrigona itama in Malaysia and from Tetragonisca angustula in Brazil. The previously unrecognised abundance of trehalulose in stingless bee honeys is concrete evidence that supports some of the reported health attributes of this product. This is the first identification of trehalulose as a major component within a food commodity. This study allows the exploration of the expanded use of stingless bee honey in foods and identifies a bioactive marker for authentication of this honey in associated food standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary T Fletcher
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Natasha L Hungerford
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Dennis Webber
- Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Brisbane, QLD, 4108, Australia
| | | | - Jiali Zhang
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Isobella S J Stone
- Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Brisbane, QLD, 4108, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Joanne T Blanchfield
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Norhasnida Zawawi
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia. .,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ya'kobovitz MK, Butters TD, Cohen E. Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by N-deoxynojirimycin analogs in several insect phloem sap feeders. INSECT SCIENCE 2016; 23:59-67. [PMID: 25900765 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites and synthetic iminosugars that structurally resemble monosaccharides are potent inhibitors of α-glucosidase activity. The enzyme is core in cleaving sucrose in phloem feeding insects and it also plays a crucial role of reducing osmotic stress via the formation of oligosaccharides. Inhibition of hydrolysis by iminosugars should result in nutritional deficiencies and/or disruption of normal osmoregulation. Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and 2 N-alkylated analogs [N-butyl DNJ (NB-DNJ) and N-nonyl DNJ (NN-DNJ)] were the major iminosugars used throughout the study. The extensive experiments conducted with α-glucosidase of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci indicated the competitive nature of inhibition and that the hydrophilic DNJ is a potent inhibitor in comparison to the more hydrophobic NB-DNJ and NN-DNJ compounds. The same inhibitory pattern was observed with the psyllid Cacopsylla bidens α-glucosidase. In contrast to the above pattern, enzymes of the aphids, Myzus persicae and Aphis gossypii were more sensitive to the hydrophobic iminosugars as compared to DNJ. In vivo experiments in which adult B. tabaci were fed dietary iminosugars, show that the hydrophilic DNJ was far less toxic than the lipophilic NB-DNJ and NN-DNJ. It is proposed that this pattern is attributed to the better accessibility of the hydrophobic NN-DNJ to the α-glucosidase membrane-bound compartment in the midgut. Based on the inhibitory effects of certain polyhydroxy N-alkylated iminosugars, α-glucosidase of phloem feeding hemipterans could serve as an attractive target site for developing novel pest control agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Katzman Ya'kobovitz
- Department of Entomology, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Terry D Butters
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Ephraim Cohen
- Department of Entomology, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Daudé D, Remaud-Siméon M, André I. Sucrose analogs: an attractive (bio)source for glycodiversification. Nat Prod Rep 2012; 29:945-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c2np20054f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wakelyn P, Bertoniere N, French A, Thibodeaux D, Triplett B, Rousselle MA, Goynes W, Edwards J, Hunter L, McAlister D, Gamble G. Cotton Fibers. HANDBOOK OF FIBER CHEMISTRY, THIRD EDITION 2006. [DOI: 10.1201/9781420015270.ch9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Côté GL, Dunlap CA, Appell M, Momany FA. Alternansucrase acceptor reactions with D-tagatose and L-glucose. Carbohydr Res 2005; 340:257-62. [PMID: 15639245 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2004] [Accepted: 11/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Alternansucrase (EC 2.4.1.140) is a d-glucansucrase that synthesizes an alternating alpha-(1-->3), (1-->6)-linked d-glucan from sucrose. It also synthesizes oligosaccharides via d-glucopyranosyl transfer to various acceptor sugars. Two of the more efficient monosaccharide acceptors are D-tagatose and L-glucose. In the presence of d-tagatose, alternansucrase produced the disaccharide alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->1)-beta-D-tagatopyranose via glucosyl transfer. This disaccharide is analogous to trehalulose. We were unable to isolate a disaccharide product from L-glucose, but the trisaccharide alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-l-glucose was isolated and identified. This is analogous to panose, one of the structural units of pullulan, in which the reducing-end D-glucose residue has been replaced by its L-enantiomer. The putative L-glucose disaccharide product, produced by glucoamylase hydrolysis of the trisaccharide, was found to be an acceptor for alternansucrase. The disaccharide, alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-L-glucose, was a better acceptor than maltose, previously the best known acceptor for alternansucrase. A structure comparison of alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-L-glucose and maltose was performed through computer modeling to identify common features, which may be important in acceptor affinity by alternansucrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L Côté
- Bioproducts and Biocatalysis Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
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Salvucci ME. Distinct sucrose isomerases catalyze trehalulose synthesis in whiteflies, Bemisia argentifolii, and Erwinia rhapontici. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2003; 135:385-95. [PMID: 12798947 DOI: 10.1016/s1096-4959(03)00092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Isomaltulose [alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,6)-D-fructofuranose] and trehalulose [alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,1)-D-fructofuranose] are commercially valuable sucrose-substitutes that are produced in several microorganisms by the palI gene product, a sucrose isomerase. Trehalulose also occurs in the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifoli, as the major carbohydrate in the insect's honeydew. To determine if the enzyme that synthesizes trehalulose in whiteflies was similar to the well-characterized sucrose isomerase from microbial sources, the properties of the enzymes from whiteflies and the bacterium, Erwinia rhapontici, were compared. Partial purification of both enzymes showed that the enzyme from whiteflies was a 116 kD membrane-associated polypeptide, in contrast to the enzyme from E. rhapontici, which was soluble and 66 kD. The enzyme from E. rhapontici converted sucrose to isomaltulose and trehalulose in a 5:1 ratio, whereas the enzyme from whiteflies produced only trehalulose. Unlike the E. rhapontici enzyme, the whitefly enzyme did not convert isomaltulose to trehalulose, but both enzymes catalyzed the transfer of fructose to trehalulose using sucrose as the glucosyl donor. The results indicate that trehalulose synthase from whiteflies is structurally and functionally distinct from the sucrose isomerases described in bacteria. The whitefly enzyme is the first reported case of an enzyme that converts sucrose to exclusively trehalulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Salvucci
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Cotton Research Laboratory, 4135 E. Broadway Road, Phoenix, AZ 85040, USA.
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Thompson J, Robrish SA, Pikis A, Brust A, Lichtenthaler FW. Phosphorylation and metabolism of sucrose and its five linkage-isomeric alpha-D-glucosyl-D-fructoses by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Carbohydr Res 2001; 331:149-61. [PMID: 11322729 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(01)00028-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Not only sucrose but the five isomeric alpha-D-glucosyl-D-fructoses trehalulose, turanose, maltulose, leucrose, and palatinose are utilized by Klebsiella pneumoniae as energy sources for growth, thereby undergoing phosphorylation by a phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system uniformly at 0-6 of the glucosyl moiety. Similarly, maltose, isomaltose, and maltitol, when exposed to these conditions, are phosphorylated regiospecifically at O-6 of their non-reducing glucose portion. The structures of these novel compounds have been established unequivocally by enzymatic analysis, acid hydrolysis, FAB negative-ion spectrometry, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. In cells of K. pneumoniae, hydrolysis of sucrose 6-phosphate is catalyzed by sucrose 6-phosphate hydrolase from Family 32 of the glycosylhydrolase superfamily. The five 6'-O-phosphorylated alpha-D-glucosyl-fructoses are hydrolyzed by an inducible (approximately 49-50 Kda) phospho-alpha-glucosidase from Family 4 of the glycosylhydrolase superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Thompson
- Oral Infection and Immunity Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4350, USA.
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Burkett DA, Kline DL, Carlson DA. Sugar meal composition of five north central Florida mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) as determined by gas chromatography. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 1999; 36:462-467. [PMID: 10467774 DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/36.4.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gas chromatography was used to analyze sugars found in individual crops fed on by wild caught adult Anopheles quadrimaculatus s.l. (Say), Coquillettidia perturbans (Walker), Culex nigripalpus Theobald, Culiseta melanura (Coquillett), and Psorophora ferox (von Humboldt) from several north central Florida locations. A wide range of sugars was found, including fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose, turanose, melezitose, trehalose, raffinose, erlose, and traces of arabinose, rhamnose, and several unknowns. The frequency of individuals testing positive for crop sugars ranged from 9-10% in An. quadrimaculatus and Ps. ferox to 46% in Cq. perturbans. Based on the presence of melezitose or erlose in the crop, honeydew feeding was shown to be an important dietary component in An. quadrimaculatus (57%), Cs. melanura (31%), Cx. nigripalpus (15%), Cq. perturbans (10%), and Ps. ferox (7%). Gas chromatography of crude crop contents is a rapid one-step process that can address important questions such as the source and occurrence of sugar feeding in Diptera. Unique sugar feeding field observations were recorded for several mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Hendrix
- Western Cotton Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Phoenix, Arizona 85040
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Homopteran honeydew sugar composition is determined by both the insect and plant species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(92)90153-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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