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Wang H, Lu M, Zhai S, Wu K, Peng L, Yang J, Xia Y. ALW peptide ameliorates lupus nephritis in MRL/lpr mice. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:261. [PMID: 31791413 PMCID: PMC6889545 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-2038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus. Anti-double-stranded (ds) DNA immunoglobulin G (IgG) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of LN. Currently, there are various therapies for patients with LN; however, most of them are associated with considerable side effects. We confirmed previously that ALW (ALWPPNLHAWVP), a 12-amino acid peptide, inhibited the binding of polyclonal anti-dsDNA antibodies to mesangial cells and isolated glomeruli in vitro. In this study, we further investigate whether the administration of ALW peptide decreases renal IgG deposition and relevant damage in MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice. Methods Forty female MRL/lpr mice were randomly divided into four groups. The mice were intravenously injected with D-form ALW peptide (ALW group), scrambled peptide (PLP group), and normal saline (NaCl group) or were not treated (blank group). The IgG deposition, the histopathologic changes, and the expressions of profibrotic factors were analyzed in the kidney of MRL/lpr mice. Results Compared with the other groups, glomerular deposition of IgG, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 was decreased in the ALW group. Moreover, ALW administration attenuated renal histopathologic changes in MRL/lpr mice, including mesangial proliferation and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Furthermore, the expressions of profibrotic cytokines, such as transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B), decreased in the serum and kidney tissue of ALW-treated mice. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that ALW peptide ameliorates the murine model of LN, possibly through inhibiting renal IgG deposition and relevant tissue inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Mei Lu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Siyue Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Kunyi Wu
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingling Peng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
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Kunnath-Velayudhan S, Goldberg MF, Saini NK, Ng TW, Arora P, Johndrow CT, Saavedra-Avila NA, Johnson AJ, Xu J, Kim J, Khajoueinejad N, Petro CD, Herold BC, Lauvau G, Chan J, Jacobs WR, Porcelli SA. Generation of IL-3-Secreting CD4 + T Cells by Microbial Challenge at Skin and Mucosal Barriers. Immunohorizons 2019; 3:161-171. [PMID: 31356170 PMCID: PMC6668923 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.1900028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
During Ag priming, naive CD4+ T cells differentiate into subsets with distinct patterns of cytokine expression that dictate to a major extent their functional roles in immune responses. We identified a subset of CD4+ T cells defined by secretion of IL-3 that was induced by Ag stimulation under conditions different from those associated with previously defined functional subsets. Using mouse models of bacterial and viral infections, we showed that IL-3–secreting CD4+ T cells were generated by infection at the skin and mucosa but not by infections introduced directly into the blood. Most IL-3–producing T cells coexpressed GM-CSF and other cytokines that define multifunctionality. Generation of IL-3–secreting T cells in vitro was dependent on IL-1 family cytokines and was inhibited by cytokines that induce canonical Th1 or Th2 cells. Our results identify IL-3–secreting CD4+ T cells as a potential functional subset that arises during priming of naive T cells in specific tissue locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shajo Kunnath-Velayudhan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | - Michael F Goldberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | - Neeraj K Saini
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | - Tony W Ng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | - Pooja Arora
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | - Christopher T Johndrow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | | | - Alison J Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | - Jiayong Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | - John Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | - Nazanin Khajoueinejad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461.,Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461; and
| | - Christopher D Petro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461.,Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461; and
| | - Betsy C Herold
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461.,Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461; and
| | - Gregoire Lauvau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | - John Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461.,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | - William R Jacobs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
| | - Steven A Porcelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461; .,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461
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Greenbaum CJ, McCulloch-Olson M, Chiu HK, Palmer JP, Brooks-Worrell B. Parenteral insulin suppresses T cell proliferation to islet antigens. Pediatr Diabetes 2011; 12:150-5. [PMID: 20522167 PMCID: PMC2957543 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2010.00674.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The diabetes prevention trial-type 1 (DPT-1) tested whether a combination of SQ and IV insulin therapy would delay the onset of disease in individuals at high risk of progression. We investigated whether this regimen altered T cell responses to human islet proteins using cellular immunoblotting. Among the 10 treated and 7 control subjects studied, we found that there was a significant effect of treatment on cellular immunoblotting responses. We conclude that parenteral insulin may suppress proliferation to islet antigens in individuals at risk for diabetes, but this effect may be transient. Further study is needed to determine whether a therapy that results in sustained suppression of T cell proliferation could yield a measurable clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Harvey K. Chiu
- Seattle Childrens Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105
| | - Jerry P. Palmer
- Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98108
| | - Barbara Brooks-Worrell
- Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98108
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Alwan WH, Openshaw PJ. Distinct patterns of T- and B-cell immunity to respiratory syncytial virus induced by individual viral proteins. Vaccine 1993; 11:431-7. [PMID: 8470427 DOI: 10.1016/0264-410x(93)90284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mice were infected with respiratory syncytial (RS) virus or with recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVV) expressing individual RS virus proteins. rVV-G, rVV-F and, to a lesser extent, rVV-P induced ELISA-binding anti-RS virus antibodies; those induced by rVV-P were non-neutralizing. Different antigens induced helper T cells with distinct cytokine secretion profiles: some released IL-2, and others predominantly IL-4 and 5. Virus-specific cytotoxicity was induced by infection with RS virus, rVV-F or rVV-22K. Different RS virus proteins (given in the same route and form) therefore prime for functionally distinct T-cell activities. These patterns of virus-specific immunity may help explain the pathogenicity of RS virus vaccines, and help in the design of protective, non-pathogenic vaccines in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Alwan
- Department of Medicine, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK
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Characterization of Leishmania major antigen-liposomes that protect BALB/c mice against cutaneous leishmaniasis. Infect Immun 1990; 58:3233-41. [PMID: 2401562 PMCID: PMC313644 DOI: 10.1128/iai.58.10.3233-3241.1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmania major antigen-liposomes prepared as dehydration-rehydration vesicles (DRV) and composed of equimolar amounts of L-alpha-distearoyl phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol confer high-level host-protective immunity against virulent homologous challenge to susceptible BALB/c mice. Physical and antigenic characterization of these protective liposomes is described. Both empty and L. major antigen-DRV were multilamellate and heterogeneous in size, ranging from 0.10 to 2.00 microns. Although the liposomes were made by using a crude mixture of promastigote antigens, lipophosphoglycan covered the liposome surface; this was demonstrated by immunogold electron microscopy. Application of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot (immunoblot) analysis revealed preferential entrapment of the 63-kilodalton promastigote protease (gp63) into the DRV. We suggest that our L. major antigen-DRV merit further study because of their preferential entrapment of these two host protective antigens together with their long in vivo half-life. In addition, this report illustrates that intravenous or subcutaneous immunization of BALB/c mice with the same limited subset of protective antigens, predominantly lipophosphoglycan and gp63, within DRV liposomes leads to either protection and low splenic interleukin-3 production or to nonprotection and high splenic interleukin-3 production, respectively. This was consistent with our hypothesis that differential antigen presentation after administration of the same immunogen by the intravenous or the subcutaneous route results in differential T-cell activation.
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