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Li C, Liu R, Xiong Z, Bao X, Liang S, Zeng H, Jin W, Gong Q, Liu L, Guo J. Ferroptosis: a potential target for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:331-344. [PMID: 38327187 PMCID: PMC10984869 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), the main contributor to acute cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke, is characterized by necrotic core formation and plaque instability induced by cell death. The mechanisms of cell death in AS have recently been identified and elucidated. Ferroptosis, a novel iron-dependent form of cell death, has been proven to participate in atherosclerotic progression by increasing endothelial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, accumulated intracellular iron activates various signaling pathways or risk factors for AS, such as abnormal lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which can eventually lead to the disordered function of macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, and vascular endothelial cells. However, the molecular pathways through which ferroptosis affects AS development and progression are not entirely understood. This review systematically summarizes the interactions between AS and ferroptosis and provides a feasible approach for inhibiting AS progression from the perspective of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyi Li
- School of MedicineYangtze UniversityJingzhou434020China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of MedicineYangtze UniversityJingzhou434020China
| | - Zhenyu Xiong
- School of MedicineYangtze UniversityJingzhou434020China
| | - Xue Bao
- School of MedicineYangtze UniversityJingzhou434020China
| | - Sijia Liang
- Department of PharmacologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
| | - Haotian Zeng
- Department of GastroenterologyShenzhen People’s HospitalThe Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Second Ward of General PediatricsSuizhou Central HospitalHubei University of MedicineSuizhou441300China
| | - Quan Gong
- School of MedicineYangtze UniversityJingzhou434020China
| | - Lian Liu
- School of MedicineYangtze UniversityJingzhou434020China
| | - Jiawei Guo
- School of MedicineYangtze UniversityJingzhou434020China
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Wu Z, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang K, Lai Y. Robust and reliable detection of malondialdehyde in biological samples via microprobe-triggered surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tofas T, Draganidis D, Deli CK, Georgakouli K, Fatouros IG, Jamurtas AZ. Exercise-Induced Regulation of Redox Status in Cardiovascular Diseases: The Role of Exercise Training and Detraining. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 9:antiox9010013. [PMID: 31877965 PMCID: PMC7023632 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are beneficial for the organism ensuring normal cell and vascular function, the overproduction of ROS and increased oxidative stress levels play a significant role in the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This paper aims at providing a thorough review of the available literature investigating the effects of acute and chronic exercise training and detraining on redox regulation, in the context of CVDs. An acute bout of either cardiovascular or resistance exercise training induces a transient oxidative stress and inflammatory response accompanied by reduced antioxidant capacity and enhanced oxidative damage. There is evidence showing that these responses to exercise are proportional to exercise intensity and inversely related to an individual’s physical conditioning status. However, when chronically performed, both types of exercise amplify the antioxidant defense mechanism, reduce oxidative stress and preserve redox status. On the other hand, detraining results in maladaptations within a time-frame that depends on the exercise training intensity and mode, as high-intensity training is superior to low-intensity and resistance training is superior to cardiovascular training in preserving exercise-induced adaptations during detraining periods. Collectively, these findings suggest that exercise training, either cardiovascular or resistance or even a combination of them, is a promising, safe and efficient tool in the prevention and treatment of CVDs.
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Oxidative Stress: An Effective Prognostic Tool for an Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease in Menopausal Women. Biochem Res Int 2016; 2016:6157605. [PMID: 27069688 PMCID: PMC4812210 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6157605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Menopause, a form of reproductive aging, is marked by many hormonal variations which cause imbalance in the oxidative processes resulting in onset of endothelial dysfunction leading to cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to analyze the effect of oxidative stress in an early detection of CVD in all menopausal women both normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic. Methods and Results. Study included 523 menopausal women (265 CVD and 258 non-CVD). They were screened for lipid profile, serum malondialdehyde (MDA), serum LDL carbonyl protein, and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD). Pearson's correlation was observed between MDA and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in both normolipidemic (r = 0.650; p < 0.001) and hyperlipidemic (r = 0.207; p < 0.01) CVD group as compared to non-CVD menopausal women. Significant correlation was also observed between LDL carbonyl content and AIP in normolipidemic (r = 0.650; p < 0.001) and hyperlipidemic (r = 0.248; p < 0.01) CVD menopausal women as compared to non-CVD ones. Conclusion. Strong correlation between atherogenic index of plasma and oxidative stress in CVD menopausal women reveals oxidative stress as an effective prognostic tool for an early detection of cardiovascular risk.
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Lear SA, Sarna LK, Siow TJ, Mancini GBJ, Siow YL, O K. Oxidative stress is associated with visceral adipose tissue and subclinical atherosclerosis in a healthy multi-ethnic population. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2012; 37:1164-70. [PMID: 23057578 DOI: 10.1139/h2012-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) are risk factors for coronary artery disease. We tested the hypothesis that VAT and IMT were associated with systemic oxidative stress. Healthy men and women (n = 565) matched for ethnicity (Aboriginal, Chinese, European, and South Asian) were recruited. Plasma malondialdehyde, a biomarker of oxidative stress, was measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). VAT and IMT were determined by computerized tomography and ultrasound scans, respectively. Plasma TBARS levels correlated with VAT and total atheroma burden (sum of IMT area and plaque area) in the entire cohort. When stratified by ethnicity, plasma TBARS levels correlated with distinct body composition and arterial measures in different ethnic populations with more associations present amongst Chinese and Europeans relative to Aboriginals and South Asians. VAT was associated with plasma TBARS levels independent of age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, and body mass index. Plasma TBARS levels were associated with IMT, the presence of plaques, and total atheroma burden, independent of age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, body mass index, and VAT. The association with total atheroma burden remained significant even when adjusted for apolipoprotein B. Results from the present study indicate that oxidative stress is positively associated with VAT as well as diffuse and focal carotid atherosclerosis in apparently healthy men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Lear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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Casella S, Piccione D, Ielati S, Bocchino EG, Piccione G. Sulfate influx on band 3 protein of equine erythrocyte membrane (Equus caballus) using different experimental temperatures and buffer solutions. Cell Biochem Funct 2012; 31:333-7. [PMID: 23015199 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.2904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the anion transport in equine erythrocytes through the measurement of the sulfate uptake operating from band 3 using different experimental temperatures and buffer solutions. Blood samples of six clinically healthy horses were collected via jugular vein puncture, and an emochrome-citometric examination was performed. The blood was divided into four aliquots and by centrifugation and aspiration the plasma and buffy coat were carefully discarded. The red blood cells were washed with an isosmotic medium and centrifuged. The obtained cell suspensions were incubated with two different experimental buffer solutions (buffer A: 115 mM Na2SO4, 10 mM NaCl, 20 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 30 mM glucose; and buffer B: 115 mM Na2SO4, 10 mM NaCl, 20 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 30 mM MgCl2) in a water bath for 1 h at 25 °C and 37 °C. Normal erythrocytes, suspended at 3% hematocrit, were used to measure the SO4= influx by absorption spectrophotometry at 425 nm wavelength. Unpaired Student's t-test showed a statistically significant decrease (P < 0.01) of rate constants in equine erythrocytes at 25 °C versus 37 °C using both experimental buffer solutions. Comparing the buffer A with buffer B unpaired Student's t-test showed statistically lower values (P < 0.0001) for A solution versus B solution both at 25 °C and at 37 °C. The greater inhibition of SO4 (=) influx measured in equine erythrocytes indicates the increased formation of the sulfydryl bonds in band 3 and the modulation of the sulfydryl groups, culminating in the conformational changes in band 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Casella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Sperimentali e Biotecnologie Applicate, Sezione di Fisiologia Applicata ed Etologia Comparata. Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy.
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Casella S, Ielati S, Piccione D, Laganà P, Fazio F, Piccione G. Oxidative stress and band 3 protein function in Liza aurata and Salmo irideus erythrocytes: effect of different aquatic conditions. Cell Biochem Funct 2012; 30:406-10. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.2814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Casella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Sperimentali e Biotecnologie Applicate, Sezione di Fisiologia Applicata ed Etologia Comparata, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria; Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata; 98168; Messina; Italy
| | - S. Ielati
- Dipartimento di Igiene, Medicina Preventiva e Sanità Pubblica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia; Torre Biologica AOU “G. Martino” Università degli Studi di Messina; Via Consolare Valeria; 98125; Messina; Italy
| | - D. Piccione
- Dipartimento di Igiene, Medicina Preventiva e Sanità Pubblica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia; Torre Biologica AOU “G. Martino” Università degli Studi di Messina; Via Consolare Valeria; 98125; Messina; Italy
| | - P. Laganà
- Dipartimento di Igiene, Medicina Preventiva e Sanità Pubblica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia; Torre Biologica AOU “G. Martino” Università degli Studi di Messina; Via Consolare Valeria; 98125; Messina; Italy
| | - F. Fazio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Sperimentali e Biotecnologie Applicate, Sezione di Fisiologia Applicata ed Etologia Comparata, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria; Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata; 98168; Messina; Italy
| | - G. Piccione
- Dipartimento di Scienze Sperimentali e Biotecnologie Applicate, Sezione di Fisiologia Applicata ed Etologia Comparata, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria; Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata; 98168; Messina; Italy
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Durak Ä, Öztürk HS, Olcay E, Guven C. Effects of Garlic Extract Supplementation on Blood Lipid and Antioxidant Parameters and Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation Process in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/j157v02n02_03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Berker B, Kaya C, Aytac R, Satiroglu H. Homocysteine concentrations in follicular fluid are associated with poor oocyte and embryo qualities in polycystic ovary syndrome patients undergoing assisted reproduction. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:2293-302. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Obay BD, Taşdemir E, Tümer C, Bilgin HM, Atmaca M. Dose dependent effects of ghrelin on pentylenetetrazole-induced oxidative stress in a rat seizure model. Peptides 2008; 29:448-55. [PMID: 18215442 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Revised: 11/26/2007] [Accepted: 11/29/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that free oxygen radicals play a role in the genesis of epilepsy and in post-seizure neuronal death. The aim of this study was to investigate the dose dependent effect of ghrelin on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced oxidative stress in a rat seizure model. For this purpose, the ghrelin groups were treated with intraperitoneal injections of ghrelin at doses of 20, 40, 60 and 80 microg/kg before the PTZ injection. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and reduced glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) levels were measured in erythrocytes, liver and brain tissue. TBARS, the indicator of lipid peroxidation, was significantly increased in erythrocytes, liver and brain tissue, while antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione levels were significantly decreased in PTZ injected rats. Ghrelin pretreatment prevented lipid peroxidation and the reduction in antioxidant enzyme activities and GSH levels against PTZ-induced oxidative stress in a dose dependent manner. The present data indicates that PTZ at a convulsive dose induces an oxidative stress response by depleting the antioxidant defense systems and increasing lipid peroxidation in the erythrocytes, liver and brain of rats. Ghrelin pretreatment diminished oxidative stress and prevented the decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities, and thus may reduce neuronal death in the brain during seizures. However, further studies are needed in order to confirm our hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basra Deniz Obay
- Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
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11
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De Luca G, Gugliotta T, Parisi G, Romano P, Geraci A, Romano O, Scuteri A, Romano L. Effects of nickel on human and fish red blood cells. Biosci Rep 2007; 27:265-73. [PMID: 17610155 DOI: 10.1007/s10540-007-9053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the effects of nickel chloride on human and rainbow trout erythrocytes in vitro. The cells were incubated with 0, 0.5 and 1 mM nickel chloride for 1 h at pH 7.40 and 25 degrees C, then K(+) efflux, SO (4) (2-) uptake and GSH and GSSG concentrations were measured. In both kind of cells, "high concentration" nickel treatment increased KCl efflux with respect to the control. The SO (4) (2-) uptake was not significantly different at "low nickel concentration" but was lower in erythrocytes treated with 1 mM nickel chloride; the rate constant of SO (4) (2-) uptake decreased by 35% in human erythrocytes and by 44% in fish erythrocytes. Nickel chloride also acts on cellular metabolism and in particular on erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase with consequent increase in oxidative stress; the data show a significant decrease in intracellular GSH in both human (25%) and fish erythrocytes (18%) after treatment with nickel chloride, with concomitantly high GSSG concentrations and lower GSH/GSSG ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia De Luca
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia Generale e Farmacologia, Facoltà di Scienze MM.FF.NN, Università degli studi di Messina, Ctr. Papardo, Papardo, Messina, Italy
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12
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Matsuda S, Gomi F, Katayama T, Koyama Y, Tohyama M, Tano Y. Induction of connective tissue growth factor in retinal pigment epithelium cells by oxidative stress. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2006; 50:229-34. [PMID: 16767377 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-005-0317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2005] [Accepted: 11/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is upregulated in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) by oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. METHODS ARPE19 cells were subjected to two forms of oxidative stress: hypoxia/reoxygenation and paraquat exposure. CTGF expression was studied by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. The ocular expression of CTGF was analyzed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in an in vivo murine model of oxidative stress exposed to light after intravenous injection of rose bengal. RESULTS CTGF mRNA expression in ARPE19 cells was upregulated by oxidative stress and peaked 1 h after reoxygenation; protein expression peaked 2 h after reoxygenation. Using paraquat, both CTGF mRNA and protein were upregulated by five doses of paraquat. In vivo, CTGF was upregulated when evaluated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry using murine retinas stimulated by oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS Upregulation of CTGF expression was confirmed in RPE cells by oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. CTGF might be one of the factors that induces the changes observed in aging retinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Matsuda
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Agil A, Durán R, Barrero F, Morales B, Araúzo M, Alba F, Miranda MT, Prieto I, Ramírez M, Vives F. Plasma lipid peroxidation in sporadic Parkinson's disease. Role of the l-dopa. J Neurol Sci 2006; 240:31-6. [PMID: 16219327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2005.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2005] [Revised: 08/18/2005] [Accepted: 08/29/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). There are several methods to measure oxidative stress, being lipid peroxidation (LPO) one of the most frequently used. Endogenous plasma LPO was determined by a spectrofluorimetric method in fifty two patients with sporadic PD and in forty controls. To know the maximum capacity of lipids to peroxidate, LPO was also measured after co-incubation with Fe2+/H2O2 (exogenous LPO). All PD patients were taken L-dopa and the effect of this treatment on LPO levels was additionally studied. Urine catecholamines and their main metabolites were also analyzed, and their possible correlation to LPO statistically studied. Endogenous plasma LPO levels were 33% higher in PD group than in control group (P<0.001). Exogenous plasma or oxidizability was also higher in PD patients compared to controls (20%, P<0.05). The intake of L-dopa was negatively dose-related to endogenous and exogenous plasma LPO. In conclusion, plasma of PD patients has elevated levels of LPO and also is more prone to peroxidation than that in the control group. The results also suggest an antioxidant effect of L-dopa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Agil
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Neurosciences of Granada, Spain
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Macêdo DS, de Vasconcelos SMM, dos Santos RS, Aguiar LMV, Lima VTM, Viana GSB, de Sousa FCF. Cocaine alters catalase activity in prefrontal cortex and striatum of mice. Neurosci Lett 2005; 387:53-6. [PMID: 16085363 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2005] [Revised: 07/13/2005] [Accepted: 07/14/2005] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Catalase is one of the enzymes that convert hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to H2O presenting a protective role against free radicals. In this study, catalase activity was determined in homogenates of striatum (ST) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) in order to examine the participation of oxidative stress (OS) on cocaine actions in mice brain. Male Swiss mice were injected (i.p.) with cocaine at low (10 and 30 mg/kg) and high doses (90 mg/kg), and observed for 1 h. After cocaine overdose (90 mg/kg) some animals presented only status epilepticus (SE) while others died after seizures. These animals were dissected and divided in two groups, SE and death. Catalase activity was also determined after pretreatment with the anticonvulsant drug, diazepam, alone or injected before cocaine 90 mg/kg, and after seizures induced by a high dose of bupropion, a known inhibitor of NE and DA reuptake used for comparison. Results showed a decrease in catalase activity of the PFC and ST after SE and death induced by cocaine and bupropion overdoses. Cocaine at low doses decreased the enzyme activity only in ST. Diazepam treatment alone and before cocaine overdose did not interfere with catalase activity. This reduction in catalase activity may reflect an increase in H2O2 content in PFC and ST. Previous data reports that H2O2 inhibits dopamine transporter activity, suggesting that the decrease in catalase activity may potentiate the toxic mechanism of drugs that inhibit monoamines reuptake. As far as we know, this is the first report showing an involvement of OS in the cocaine's central mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Silveira Macêdo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo 1127, 60431-970 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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Durak I, Kavutcu M, Aytaç B, Avci A, Devrim E, Ozbek H, Oztürk HS. Effects of garlic extract consumption on blood lipid and oxidant/antioxidant parameters in humans with high blood cholesterol. J Nutr Biochem 2004; 15:373-7. [PMID: 15157944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2004.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2003] [Revised: 11/17/2003] [Accepted: 01/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Effects of garlic extract supplementation on blood lipid profile and oxidant/antioxidant status were investigated in volunteer subjects with high blood cholesterol. A total of 23 volunteer subjects with high blood cholesterol (>5.98 mmol/L) participated in the study. Of them, 13 patients were evaluated as a hypertensive group and the others a normotensive group. Before (first sample) and after (second sample) garlic extract consumption for 4 months, routine blood analyses including lipid parameters and liver and kidney function tests were performed. Additionally, blood oxidant (malondialdehyde [MDA], oxidation resistance [OR]), and antioxidant (antioxidant potential [AOP], nonenzymatic superoxide radical scavenger activity [NSSA]) parameters were measured. Serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterols, and triglyceride levels were found to be significantly lowered, but HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level increased after the extract use. The total:HDL cholesterol ratio was also found to be significantly decreased after the extract use. There were no meaningful differences with regard to other routine biochemical parameters. Additionally, blood AOP, OR, and NSSA values were found increased and MDA level decreased in the second samples relative to the first ones. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were also found to be significantly lowered after extract supplementation in the hypertensive group, but no similar changes were observed in the normotensive group. We conclude that garlic extract supplementation improves blood lipid profile, strengthens blood antioxidant potential, and causes significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressures. It also leads to a decrease in the level of oxidation product (MDA) in the blood samples, which demonstrates reduced oxidation reactions in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker Durak
- Ankara University, Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, 06100 Sihhiye/Ankara, Turkey
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Durak I, Aytaç B, Atmaca Y, Devrim E, Avci A, Erol C, Oral D. Effects of garlic extract consumption on plasma and erythrocyte antioxidant parameters in atherosclerotic patients. Life Sci 2004; 75:1959-66. [PMID: 15306163 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2004] [Accepted: 04/28/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Effects of ingesting garlic extract on plasma and erythrocyte antioxidant parameters of atherosclerotic patients were investigated in this study. Eleven patients with atherosclerosis participated in the study. They ingested a dose of 1 ml/kg body weight of garlic extract daily for 6 months (study period). Before and after this period, fasting blood samples were obtained, and oxidant (malondialdehyde, MDA and xanthine oxidase, XO) and antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px) parameters were studied in plasma and erythrocytes obtained from the patients. Blood samples obtained from 11 healthy subjects served as the controls. Plasma XO activity and MDA levels were higher, but plasma and erythrocyte GSH-Px activities were lower, in patients with atherosclerosis relative to those of the control group. Our results showed that ingestion of garlic extract leads to significantly lowered plasma and erythrocyte MDA levels in the patients even in the absence of changes in antioxidant enzyme activities. Our results also demonstrated the presence of oxidant stress in blood samples from patients with atherosclerosis, but ingesting garlic extract prevented oxidation reactions by eliminating this oxidant stress. Thus, it is possible that reduced peroxidation processes may play a part in some of the beneficial effects of garlic in atherosclerotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker Durak
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Turkey.
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Balamurugan R, Bobby Z, Selvaraj N, Nalini P, Koner BC, Sen SK. Increased protein glycation in non-diabetic pediatric nephrotic syndrome: possible role of lipid peroxidation. Clin Chim Acta 2004; 337:127-32. [PMID: 14568188 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccn.2003.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbic acid and reduced glutathione (GSH) have been reported to play a possible role in glycation of proteins. This study was performed to evaluate this correlation in nephrotic syndrome patients by comparing the levels of fructosamine with MDA, ascorbic acid and GSH. METHODS Fifteen children with nephrotic syndrome during relapse and 10 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled for this study. Whole blood GSH, plasma MDA, total ascorbic acid and fasting glucose were analyzed in both the groups. Partial correlation analysis was performed to predict the independent association of MDA, ascorbic acid and GSH on fructosamine. RESULTS Plasma MDA and fructosamine levels were found to be increased in nephrotic syndrome patients when compared with controls. Plasma ascorbic acid and whole blood GSH were decreased in nephrotic group vs. healthy controls. Partial correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between fructosamine and MDA. CONCLUSIONS Present data point to a possible involvement of MDA in the glycation of protein in non-diabetic nephrotic syndrome patients, and provide support for the potential use of an antioxidant therapy in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Balamurugan
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry 605006, India
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18
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Jacheć W, Tomasik A, Ceglarek W, Woś S, Wodniecki J, Wojciechowska C, Skrzep-Poloczek B, Walichiewicz P, Widenka K. Lipid peroxidation and vitamin E in human coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Clin Chim Acta 2003; 330:121-9. [PMID: 12636930 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(03)00009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to assess the oxidant/antioxidant status within the ex vivo human coronary endarterectomy samples. METHODS To achieve this, we measured products of lipid oxidation (malondialdehyde, 7-ketocholesterol), lipids (cholesterol, cholesteryl esters) and vitamin E in endarterectomy samples. RESULTS Content of malondialdehyde in the plaque ranged from 0.23 to 37.36 microg/g. Unesterified cholesterol content ranged from 0.30 to 1.94 mg/g. It was 9.04+/-4.32% of total cholesterol. Total cholesterol content ranged from 1.73 to 23.69 mg/g. Cholesteryl palmitate content ranged from 0.57 to 19.10 mg/g, which is 11.43-60.86% of the total esters (mean+/-SD 40.27+/-18.42%). Cholesteryl oleate content ranged from 0.24 to 5.76 mg/g, being 9.97-21.81% of total esters (mean+/-SD 14.35+/-4.51%). Cholesteryl linoleate content ranged from 1.05 to 8.21 mg/g, being 17.84-45.15% of total esters (mean+/-SD 30.78+/-11.69%). Cholesteryl arachidonate content ranged from 0.51 to 4.20 mg/g, which is 7.56-22.87% of total esters (mean+/-SD 14.60+/-5.60%). The cholesteryl linoleate/cholesteryl oleate ratio (CL/CO) ranged from 1.01 to 4.33. Content of 7-ketocholesterol in the plaque ranged from 0.0 to 577.5 ng/g of wet weight. The 7-ketocholesterol/total cholesterol ratio was 0.003+/-0.003% (range from 0.0% to 0.008%). The 7-ketocholesterol/unesterified cholesterol ratio was 0.024+/-0.023% (range from 0.0% to 0.066%). The plaque content of vitamin E ranged from 0.0 to 40.9 microg/g of wet weight. CONCLUSION The present study, comprising measurements of lipids, products of lipid peroxidation and vitamin E in 12 human coronary endarterectomy samples, lends the evidence for ongoing lipid peroxidation within an atherosclerotic lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Jacheć
- II Department of Cardiology, Silesian School of Medicine, Ul. Skłodowskiej 10, Zabrze 41-800, Poland
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19
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Sabuncu T, Vural H, Harma M, Harma M. Oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome and its contribution to the risk of cardiovascular disease. Clin Biochem 2001; 34:407-13. [PMID: 11522279 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9120(01)00245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine oxidant and antioxidant status in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its contribution to the risk of cardiovascular disease. DESIGN AND METHODS 27 women with PCOS were compared with regard to oxidant and antioxidant status with 18 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy. Oxidant status was evaluated by determination of erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, while antioxidant status was evaluated by determination of erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Area under curve (AUC) for glucose, AUC for insulin and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were calculated from two-hour OGTT. RESULTS Women with PCOS were found to have higher AUC for glucose (p = 0.01), AUC for insulin (p < 0.001), MDA level (p = 0.009) and SOD activity (p = 0.04), and lower ISI (p < 0.001) and GSH level (p = 0.03) than the controls. In correlation analysis, a significant relationship was found between MDA levels and age (p < 0.01), BMI (p < 0.001), waist-to-hip ratio (p < 0.01), systolic and diastolic blood pressures (both p < 0.05), AUCs for glucose and insulin (both p < 0.05), ISI (r = -0.42, p < 0.05) and triglyceride (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS An increase in oxidant status was found in women with PCOS, and this increase was related to central obesity, age, blood pressure, serum glucose, insulin and triglyceride levels and insulin resistance. In contrast, antioxidant status was observed to be insufficient. These findings suggest that increased oxidative stress may contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sabuncu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Harran, Faculty of Medicine, Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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20
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Abstract
In the present study, erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation, the percentage hemolysis, erythrocyte enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase, and plasma vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin A and ceruloplasmin activities and concentrations were determined in 29 epileptic patients and 50 normal controls. Ten patients who were treated with phenobarbital and who did not get convulsions for 1 year were considered for followup. Lipid peroxidation and percentage hemolysis in patients with epilepsy was significantly higher when compared to controls. Moreover, plasma ceruloplasmin concentrations were also markedly increased in these cases. Erythrocyte GR and plasma vitamin C and A concentrations were significantly lower in epileptics when compared to controls. In the followup patients, the erythrocyte GR was significantly higher than their pre-treated condition. Furthermore, the plasma vitamin A, E and C concentrations have attained the normal range. This study indicates that the antioxidant status in blood of epileptic patients which was low compared to controls, improved after treatment, suggesting that free radicals may be implicated in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sudha
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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21
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Gaté L, Paul J, Ba GN, Tew KD, Tapiero H. Oxidative stress induced in pathologies: the role of antioxidants. Biomed Pharmacother 1999; 53:169-80. [PMID: 10392289 DOI: 10.1016/s0753-3322(99)80086-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to oxidant molecules issued from the environment (pollution, radiation), nutrition, or pathologies can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS for example, H2O2, O2-, OH). These free radicals can alter DNA, proteins and/or membrane phospholipids. Depletion of intracellular antioxidants in acute oxidative stress or in various diseases increases intracellular ROS accumulation. This in turn is responsible for several chronic pathologies including cancer, neurodegenerative or cardiovascular pathologies. Thus, to prevent against cellular damages associated with oxidative stress it is important to balance the ratio of antioxidants to oxidants by supplementation or by cell induction of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gaté
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire, UMR CNRS 8612, Université de Paris XI, Faculté de Pharmacie, France
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22
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Chen LH, de Osio Y, Anderson JW. Blood antioxidant defense system and dietary survey of elderly diabetic men. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1999; 28:65-83. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4943(98)00127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/1998] [Revised: 08/27/1998] [Accepted: 09/03/1998] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Konukoğlu D, Serin O, Demiriz Kemerli G, Serin E, Hayirhoğlu A, Oner B. A study on the carotid artery intima-media thickness and its association with lipid peroxidation. Clin Chim Acta 1998; 277:91-8. [PMID: 9776048 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(98)00117-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
High resolution B-mode ultrasonography of the carotid arteries has been used to investigate the signs of early atherosclerotic vessel wall disease by measuring the intima-media thickness (IMT). We examined the association between IMT and lipid peroxidation and found IMT to be increased in a group of patients with respect to controls (1.430+/-0.341 mm versus 0.703+/-0.201 mm, P < 0.001). Plasma and erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also significantly higher (P<0.001) and the erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were significantly lower (P <0.001) in the patients with respect to the controls. In the groups of patients there was no significant correlation between the mean IMT and the plasma and erythrocyte MDA levels or the erythrocyte GSH levels. In conclusion determination of lipid peroxides would be especially important and advisable in patients with increased carotid IMT. Type II diabetes and hypertension were also associated with increased IMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Konukoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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24
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Akkuş I, Gültekin F, Aköz M, Cağlayan O, Bahçaci S, Can UG, Ay M, Gürel A. Effect of moderate alcohol intake on lipid peroxidation in plasma, erythrocyte and leukocyte and on some antioxidant enzymes. Clin Chim Acta 1997; 266:141-7. [PMID: 9437542 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(97)00135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasma, erythrocyte and leukocyte lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and plasma gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were investigated in 36 healthy non-drinkers aged between 18-55 years (mean 38.7) and 72 alcohol drinkers aged between 20-48 years (mean 35.3) in order to determine the oxidative effect of alcohol. Erythrocyte lipid peroxidation of the drinkers (measured in terms of MDA) was found to be significantly (P < 0.05) reduced compared to that of controls. However, when Tukey-HSD and F test with ANOVA were performed, that significance disappears in those who consume less than 140 g of alcohol per day and persists in those who consume more than 140 g of alcohol per day (P < 0.05). Plasma GGT level was significantly increased compared to that of controls (P < 0.001). Also, there was a significant (P = 0.01) correlation between serum GGT level and the amount of alcohol. There were no significant differences between all the other parameters of both groups. Reduced lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes without any accompanying increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes shows that another mechanism might be responsible for this finding. This mechanism was thought to be an alteration in lipid composition of erythrocyte membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Akkuş
- Selçuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Konya, Turkey
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25
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Sakuma N, Iwata S, Hibino T, Tamai N, Sasai K, Yoshimata T, Kamiya Y, Kawagichi M, Fujinami T. Effects of vitamin C and vitamin E on plasma levels of lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance in humans. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0011-393x(97)80029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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26
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Lefevre G, Bonneau C, Rahma S, Chanu B, Brault D, Couderc R, Etienne J. Determination of plasma protein-bound malondialdehyde by derivative spectrophotometry. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY : JOURNAL OF THE FORUM OF EUROPEAN CLINICAL CHEMISTRY SOCIETIES 1996; 34:631-6. [PMID: 8877339 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.1996.34.8.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We describe a method for the measurement of protein-bound malondialdehyde with the thiobarbituric acid reaction in human plasma using second-derivative spectrophotometry. Calibration was done by spectrum height measurement from the baseline at 532 nm. The data were compared with those obtained by using conventional absorbance and fluorimetric measurements. The results were linear from 0.2 to 80 mumol/l and the detection limit was 0.19 mumol/l. Within-run and between-run precision, evaluated by analysing pooled normal plasma, were 8 and 14% respectively. The method was tested for the influence of bilirubin, haemoglobin, glucose, urea, uric acid, sucrose and N-acetyl-neuraminic acid which interfered in the colorimetric method but not in the technique proposed here. The mean (+/-SD) malondialdehyde concentration determined in 59 healthy blood donors with the new assay was 0.34 (+/-0.14) mumol/l. This assay procedure could represent an alternative to high-performance liquid chromatography for the measurement of malondialdehyde in biological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lefevre
- Service de Biochimie, Hŏpital Tenon, Paris, France
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27
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Benzie IF. Lipid peroxidation: a review of causes, consequences, measurement and dietary influences. Int J Food Sci Nutr 1996; 47:233-61. [PMID: 8735779 DOI: 10.3109/09637489609012586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this review the process of lipid peroxidation and the atherogenicity of peroxidied lipids are discussed. Recent findings with regard to the effect of selected dietary factors on susceptibility of lipids to oxidative stress and on antioxidant defences are analysed with particular reference to their potential use in the prevention and treatment of atherogenesis and, by extension, coronary heart disease. Laboratory methods of assessing antioxidant defences, lipid peroxidation and the effects of lipid peroxidation are also reviewed and discussed with particular reference to their ability to assess in vivo oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation status. A range of oxidative stress indices are presented and their limitations discussed, but the main focus is on the most commonly used laboratory test for lipid peroxidation, the thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) test. Finally, the influence of selected dietary factors on measured peroxidation status is discussed, with particular reference to the antioxidant vitamins C (ascorbic acid) and E (alpha tocopherol) and the type of fatty acids (mono- and poly-unsaturated) in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- I F Benzie
- Department of Health Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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28
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Akkuş I, Sağlam NI, Cağlayan O, Vural H, Kalak S, Sağlam M. Investigation of erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense systems of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) documented by angiography. Clin Chim Acta 1996; 244:173-80. [PMID: 8714435 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(95)06192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and serum vitamin C levels of subjects with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) documented by coronary angiography have been determined. Patients consisted of 42 subjects (31 male, 11 female) aged between 41 and 77 years and controls consisted of 35 subjects (21 male, 14 female) aged between 40 and 69 years. Erythrocyte lipid peroxidation of the patients was significantly higher (P < 0.005) whereas erythrocyte SOD, GSH-Px activities and serum vitamin C levels were lower than those of controls. Our results show significant alteration in erythrocyte membranes and antioxidant status of patients with CAD. However, whether such alterations are a primary cause or consequence of CAD and whether these alterations can be used in the diagnosis and management of the disease needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Akkuş
- Department of Biochemistry, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
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29
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Akkuş I, Kalak S, Vural H, Caglayan O, Menekşe E, Can G, Durmuş B. Leukocyte lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and serum and leukocyte vitamin C levels of patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Clin Chim Acta 1996; 244:221-7. [PMID: 8714439 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(96)83566-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, leukocyte lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and serum and leukocyte vitamin C levels of patients with type II diabetes mellitus and healthy controls were investigated. Patients consisted of 53 cases (23 male, 30 female) aged 35-75 years and controls of 34 subjects (15 male, 19 female) aged 34-66 years. Leukocyte lipid peroxidation of diabetics was significantly increased (P < 0.05) whereas vitamin C level was decreased (P < 0.05) compared to those of controls. There was no significant difference in the other parameters. Also, there was no correlation between the above parameters and HbA1c and glucose levels. Our results show that leukocytes of diabetics are affected by oxidative stress which might be a reason for decreased microbicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Akkuş
- Department of Biochemistry, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
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30
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Mendis S, Sobotka PA, Leja FL, Euler DE. Breath pentane and plasma lipid peroxides in ischemic heart disease. Free Radic Biol Med 1995; 19:679-84. [PMID: 8529928 DOI: 10.1016/0891-5849(95)00053-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between breath pentane and plasma lipid peroxide levels sampled simultaneously in patients with stable angina (n = 17), unstable angina (n = 23), and controls (n = 10). Plasma lipid peroxides were measured in venous blood as the adduct formed between thiobarbituric acid and malondialdehyde (MDA) using high performance liquid chromatography. Pentane was measured in end-expiratory air using gas chromatography. MDA concentrations in stable (1.81 +/- 0.84 mumol/l) and unstable (1.5 +/- 1.23 mumol/l) angina were not different. However, both groups had significantly (p < 0.005) elevated MDA levels compared to controls (0.41 +/- 0.26 mumol/l). Breath pentane was 0.20 +/- 0.12 nmol/l in controls and not different from stable angina (0.26 +/- 0.20 nmol/l) or unstable angina (0.15 +/- 0.07 nmol/l). When the data from all three groups were combined, there was no correlation between pentane and MDA (rho = -0.09, p = 0.54). In five of the unstable angina patients treated with balloon angioplasty, MDA in pulmonary arterial blood rose by 69 +/- 15% (p < 0.01), and breath pentane rose by 73 +/- 20% (p < 0.01) immediately after balloon deflation. One minute after balloon deflation MDA and pentane had returned to preinflation levels. The results suggest that basal levels of pentane are less useful than MDA as an index of lipid peroxidation in patients with coronary artery disease. However, breath pentane appears to be a sensitive index of reperfusion-induced lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mendis
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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31
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Yagi K. Lipid peroxides and related radicals in clinical medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1994; 366:1-15. [PMID: 7771246 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1833-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Yagi
- Institute of Applied Biochemistry, Gifu, Japan
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