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Barry RJ, De Blasio FM, Rushby JA, MacDonald B, Fogarty JS, Cave AE. Stimulus intensity effects and sequential processing in the passive auditory ERP. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 176:149-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Stewardson HJ, Sambrook TD. Evidence for parietal reward prediction errors using great grand average meta-analysis. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 152:81-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Boettcher SEP, Stokes MG, Nobre AC, van Ede F. One Thing Leads to Another: Anticipating Visual Object Identity Based on Associative-Memory Templates. J Neurosci 2020; 40:4010-4020. [PMID: 32284338 PMCID: PMC7219293 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2751-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Probabilistic associations between stimuli afford memory templates that guide perception through proactive anticipatory mechanisms. A great deal of work has examined the behavioral consequences and human electrophysiological substrates of anticipation following probabilistic memory cues that carry spatial or temporal information to guide perception. However, less is understood about the electrophysiological substrates linked to anticipating the sensory content of events based on recurring associations between successive events. Here, we demonstrate behavioral and electrophysiological signatures of using associative-memory templates to guide perception, while equating spatial and temporal anticipation (experiments 1 and 2), as well as target probability and response demands (experiment 2). By recording the electroencephalogram in the two experiments (N = 55; 24 females), we show that two markers in human electrophysiology implicated in spatial and temporal anticipation also contribute to the anticipation of perceptual identity, as follows: attenuation of alpha-band oscillations and the contingent negative variation (CNV). Together, our results show that memory-guided identity templates proactively impact perception and are associated with anticipatory states of attenuated alpha oscillations and the CNV. Furthermore, by isolating object-identity anticipation from spatial and temporal anticipation, our results suggest a role for alpha attenuation and the CNV in specific visual content anticipation beyond general changes in neural excitability or readiness.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Probabilistic associations between stimuli afford memory templates that guide perception through proactive anticipatory mechanisms. The current work isolates the behavioral benefits and electrophysiological signatures of memory-guided identity-based anticipation, while equating anticipation of space, time, motor responses, and task relevance. Our results show that anticipation of the specific identity of a forthcoming percept impacts performance and is associated with states of attenuated alpha oscillations and the contingent negative variation, extending previous work implicating these neural substrates in spatial and temporal preparatory attention. Together, this work bridges fields of attention, memory, and perception, providing new insights into the neural mechanisms that support complex attentional templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sage E P Boettcher
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Mark G Stokes
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
| | - Anna C Nobre
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Freek van Ede
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
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Allison BZ, Kübler A, Jin J. 30+ years of P300 brain-computer interfaces. Psychophysiology 2020; 57:e13569. [PMID: 32301143 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) directly measure brain activity with no physical movement and translate the neural signals into messages. BCIs that employ the P300 event-related brain potential often have used the visual modality. The end user is presented with flashing stimuli that indicate selections for communication, control, or both. Counting each flash that corresponds to a specific target selection while ignoring other flashes will elicit P300s to only the target selection. P300 BCIs also have been implemented using auditory or tactile stimuli. P300 BCIs have been used with a variety of applications for severely disabled end users in their homes without frequent expert support. P300 BCI research and development has made substantial progress, but challenges remain before these tools can become practical devices for impaired patients and perhaps healthy people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Z Allison
- Cognitive Science Department, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Kübler
- Psychology Department, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jing Jin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Quinzi F, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Perri RL, Di Russo F. The independency of the Bereitschaftspotential from previous stimulus-locked P3 in visuomotor response tasks. Psychophysiology 2018; 56:e13296. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Science; University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome; Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Di Russo
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation; Rome Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Science; University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome; Italy
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Recovering Wood and McCarthy’s ERP-prototypes by means of ERP-specific procrustes-rotation. J Neurosci Methods 2018; 295:20-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Verleger R, Śmigasiewicz K. Do Rare Stimuli Evoke Large P3s by Being Unexpected? A Comparison of Oddball Effects Between Standard-Oddball and Prediction-Oddball Tasks. Adv Cogn Psychol 2016; 12:88-104. [PMID: 27512527 PMCID: PMC4975594 DOI: 10.5709/acp-0189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The P3 component of event-related potentials increases when stimuli are rarely
presented. It has been assumed that this oddball effect
(rare-frequent difference) reflects the unexpectedness of rare stimuli. The
assumption of unexpectedness and its link to P3 amplitude were tested here. A
standard- oddball task requiring alternative key-press responses to frequent and
rare stimuli was compared with an oddball-prediction task where
stimuli had to be first predicted and then confirmed by key-pressing. Oddball
effects in the prediction task depended on whether the frequent or the rare
stimulus had been predicted. Oddball effects on P3 amplitudes and error rates in
the standard oddball task closely resembled effects after
frequent predictions. This corroborates the notion that
these effects occur because frequent stimuli are expected and rare stimuli are
unexpected. However, a closer look at the prediction task put this notion into
doubt because the modifications of oddball effects on P3 by expectancies were
entirely due to effects on frequent stimuli, whereas the large P3 amplitudes
evoked by rare stimuli were insensitive to predictions (unlike response times
and error rates). Therefore, rare stimuli cannot be said to evoke large P3
amplitudes because they are unexpected. We discuss these diverging effects of
frequency and expectancy, as well as general differences between tasks, with
respect to concepts and hypotheses about P3b’s function and conclude that each
discussed concept or hypothesis encounters some problems, with a conception in
terms of subjective relevance assigned to stimuli offering the most consistent
account of these basic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Verleger
- Institute of Psychology II , University of Lübeck,
Germany
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Volosin M, Grimm S, Horváth J. Exploiting temporal predictability: Event-related potential correlates of task-supportive temporal cue processing in auditory distraction. Brain Res 2016; 1639:120-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Kashyap R, Ouyang G, Sommer W, Zhou C. Neuroanatomic localization of priming effects for famous faces with latency-corrected event-related potentials. Brain Res 2016; 1632:58-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Dimitriadis SI, Laskaris NA, Bitzidou MP, Tarnanas I, Tsolaki MN. A novel biomarker of amnestic MCI based on dynamic cross-frequency coupling patterns during cognitive brain responses. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:350. [PMID: 26539070 PMCID: PMC4611062 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the transitional stage between normal cognitive changes of aging and the cognitive decline caused by AD, is of paramount clinical importance, since MCI patients are at increased risk of progressing into AD. Electroencephalographic (EEG) alterations in the spectral content of brainwaves and connectivity at resting state have been associated with early-stage AD. Recently, cognitive event-related potentials (ERPs) have entered into the picture as an easy to perform screening test. Motivated by the recent findings about the role of cross-frequency coupling (CFC) in cognition, we introduce a relevant methodological approach for detecting MCI based on cognitive responses from a standard auditory oddball paradigm. By using the single trial signals recorded at Pz sensor and comparing the responses to target and non-target stimuli, we first demonstrate that increased CFC is associated with the cognitive task. Then, considering the dynamic character of CFC, we identify instances during which the coupling between particular pairs of brainwave frequencies carries sufficient information for discriminating between normal subjects and patients with MCI. In this way, we form a multiparametric signature of impaired cognition. The new composite biomarker was tested using data from a cohort that consists of 25 amnestic MCI patients and 15 age-matched controls. Standard machine-learning algorithms were employed so as to implement the binary classification task. Based on leave-one-out cross-validation, the measured classification rate was found reaching very high levels (95%). Our approach compares favorably with the traditional alternative of using the morphology of averaged ERP response to make the diagnosis and the usage of features from spectro-temporal analysis of single-trial responses. This further indicates that task-related CFC measurements can provide invaluable analytics in AD diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros I Dimitriadis
- Artificial Intelligence Information Analysis Lab, Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece ; Neuroinformatics Group, Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos A Laskaris
- Artificial Intelligence Information Analysis Lab, Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece ; Neuroinformatics Group, Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Malamati P Bitzidou
- Artificial Intelligence Information Analysis Lab, Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tarnanas
- Health-IS Lab, Chair of Information Management, ETH Zurich Zurich, Switzerland ; 3rd Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Magda N Tsolaki
- 3rd Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece
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Molfese DL, Searock KJ. The Use of Auditory Evoked Responses at One-Year-of-Age to Predict Language Skills at 3-Years. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/asl2.1986.14.issue-2.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Smith JL, Barry RJ, Steiner GZ. CNV resolution does not cause NoGo anteriorisation of the P3: A failure to replicate Simson et al. Int J Psychophysiol 2013; 89:349-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Verleger R, Paulick C, Möcks J, Smith JL, Keller K. Parafac and go/no-go: Disentangling CNV return from the P3 complex by trilinear component analysis. Int J Psychophysiol 2013; 87:289-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Molfese DL, Ivanenko A, Key AF, Roman A, Molfese VJ, O'Brien LM, Gozal D, Kota S, Hudac CM. A one-hour sleep restriction impacts brain processing in young children across tasks: evidence from event-related potentials. Dev Neuropsychol 2013; 38:317-36. [PMID: 23862635 PMCID: PMC4361951 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2013.799169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of mild sleep restriction on cognitive functioning in young children is unclear, yet sleep loss may impact children's abilities to attend to tasks with high processing demands. In a preliminary investigation, six children (6.6-8.3 years of age) with normal sleep patterns performed three tasks: attention ("Oddball"), speech perception (consonant-vowel syllables), and executive function (Directional Stroop). Event-related potentials (ERPs) responses were recorded before (Control) and following 1 week of 1-hour per day of sleep restriction. Brain activity across all tasks following Sleep Restriction differed from activity during Control Sleep, indicating that minor sleep restriction impacts children's neurocognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis L Molfese
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0308, USA.
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The temporal orienting P3 effect to non-target stimuli: does it reflect motor inhibition? Biol Psychol 2011; 89:433-43. [PMID: 22197881 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Temporal orienting enhances early (N1) and late (P3) stages of auditory processing. However, the functional significance of these effects has not been settled yet. The present study tested a motor inhibition account on the temporal orienting P3 effect to non-target stimuli. A temporal cuing paradigm was used, where the level of motor preparation (high vs. low) was varied: If motor preparation is higher, more inhibition is necessary to withhold a response when a non-target is presented at the attended time point. Consequently, if the enhanced P3 to temporally attended non-targets reflected increased motor inhibition, higher motor preparation should further enhance the P3. Overall, temporal orienting enhanced both the N1 and the P3, thus replicating earlier findings. Moreover, the temporal orienting P3 effect was larger when motor preparation was higher. Inconsistent with the motor-inhibition account, however, the P3 to temporally attended non-targets did not differ as a function of motor preparation.
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Ford JM, Roach BJ, Miller RM, Duncan CC, Hoffman RE, Mathalon DH. When it's time for a change: failures to track context in schizophrenia. Int J Psychophysiol 2010; 78:3-13. [PMID: 20580752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reduction of P300 event-related potential amplitude in schizophrenia is perhaps the most replicated biological reflection of the illness. P300 is typically elicited by infrequent deviant events that are imbedded in a series of identical frequent standard events. Deviants have features that explicitly distinguish them from standards, whereas standards can be distinguished from each other based on their local sequential probabilities within the stimulus series. The improbable occurrence of a standard should generate a P300, but only if the implicit local context generated by the recent stimulus history is processed. METHOD To assess the ability of schizophrenia patients to process this implicit contextual information, ERPs were elicited from 22 controls and 16 schizophrenia patients during an auditory oddball task containing infrequent target tones (15%) and novel distracter sounds (15%) imbedded pseudo-randomly in a series of standard tones (70%). Consecutively presented standards following deviant stimuli varied in sequential probability from p=1.0 for the 1st standard to p=0.16 for the 4th consecutive standard. RESULTS Patients compared to controls demonstrated smaller P300 (P3a) to the fourth consecutive standard. However, in controls but not patients a contingent negative variation (CNV) was observed prior to the fourth standard, and an N2b/mismatch negativity (MMN) was observed following it. CONCLUSIONS These outcomes suggest that patients are deficient in using the implicit context established by recent stimulus history to anticipate that an otherwise standard stimulus was unlikely and its occurrence unexpected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Ford
- Psychiatry Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, USA.
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Van Petten C, Federmeier KD, Holcomb PJ. For distinguished contributions to psychophysiology: Marta Kutas. Psychophysiology 2010; 47:403-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00930.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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The P300 event-related potentials: A one-humped dromedary's saddle on a two-humped camel. Behav Brain Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x00058179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Event-related potentials and cognition: A critique of the context updating hypothesis and an alternative interpretation of P3. Behav Brain Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x00058015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 666] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Neither context updating nor context closure corresponds closely to human performance concepts. Behav Brain Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x00058209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jing-Han W, Lian-Xing Z. Appearance of Two-Level CNV and Extrication Wave and the Explanation of Psychological Factors of CNV. Int J Neurosci 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/00207458709043329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Diaconescu AO, Kovacevic N, McIntosh AR. Modality-independent processes in cued motor preparation revealed by cortical potentials. Neuroimage 2008; 42:1255-65. [PMID: 18625564 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Movement-related potentials in the Go/NoGo task: The P3 reflects both cognitive and motor inhibition. Clin Neurophysiol 2008; 119:704-714. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2007.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2007] [Revised: 11/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ferguson M, Molfese PJ. Breast-Fed Infants Process Speech Differently From Bottle-Fed Infants: Evidence From Neuroelectrophysiology. Dev Neuropsychol 2007; 31:337-47. [PMID: 17559328 DOI: 10.1080/87565640701229177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies report positive effects of breast-feeding on infant development. Such effects are apparent early in development as well as in later years. Recently, elements in breast milk, polyunsaturatred fatty acids (PUFAs), have been identified as having great potential for increasing nutritional benefits. PUFAs are long-chain fatty acids containing two or more double bonds. While some scientists are enthusiastic about the long-term benefits of PUFAs on brain and cognitive development, many of the positive pharmacological effects attributed to PUFAs remain unsubstantiated. The present study investigated the differential impact of breast-feeding vs. PUFA-enriched formula in a small but well-matched population of 12 infants tested at 6 months of age. Event-related potential (ERP) and a range of behavior measures were recorded. ERP waveforms identified marked differences between the breast-fed and PUFA-fed infants by 6 months of age. When a range of biological, perinatal, and cognitive factors were equated between the two groups, only the ERPs recorded from breast-fed infants changed throughout their recorded period (700 msec), differentiated between all speech sounds, and generated differences in scalp recordings across all regions recorded across both hemispheres. Such differences in the range of their brain responses could signal an advantage for the breast-fed infants for later linguistic and cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Ferguson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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Molfese DL, Key AF, Kelly S, Cunningham N, Terrell S, Ferguson M, Molfese VJ, Bonebright T. Below-average, average, and above-average readers engage different and similar brain regions while reading. JOURNAL OF LEARNING DISABILITIES 2006; 39:352-63. [PMID: 16895159 DOI: 10.1177/00222194060390040801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 27 children (14 girls, 13 boys) who varied in their reading skill levels. Both behavior performance measures recorded during the ERP word classification task and the ERP responses themselves discriminated between children with above-average, average, and below-average reading skills. ERP amplitudes and peak latencies decreased as reading skills increased. Furthermore, hemisphere differences increased with higher reading skill levels. Sex differences were also related to ERP amplitude variations across the scalp. However, ERPs recorded from boys and girls did not differ as a function of differences in the children's reading levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis L Molfese
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Belknap Campus, KY 40292, USA.
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Abstract
This study investigated learning-related changes in the brain activity of young adults. A group of 29 undergraduate students (18-24 years) participated in a learning study that included a pretest, a training session, and a posttest. Each trial involved presentation of a complex visual stimulus and its spoken "name." Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in response to matching and mismatching names. In the pretest, the participants guessed whether the names were matching the figures. During training they learned the names of a set of simple elements making up the complex figures and were required to master a simple rule for combining the visual and auditory stimuli. The posttest included presentation of the combinations learned during training as well as novel pairings of the same elements. Following training the number of correct responses for learned items doubled and the amplitudes of the auditory ERPs to learned and rule transfer stimuli were more positive than brain waves to the not learned or novel items over most of the analysis window. The ERPs further differentiated between a familiarity response (late positive shift) and learning-specific changes (N2-P3 range). Overall, the findings suggest that ERPs can be a useful tool for learning assessment and offer new insights in the study of individual differences associated with the learning process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra P F Key
- Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development and Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
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Mayes LC, Molfese DL, Key APF, Hunter NC. Event-related potentials in cocaine-exposed children during a Stroop task. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2005; 27:797-813. [PMID: 16111858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2005.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2004] [Revised: 05/22/2005] [Accepted: 05/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prenatal cocaine-exposure may interfere with the ontogeny of prefrontal cortical executive functions due to cocaine's effect on the developing monoaminergic system. This study presents findings regarding cortical functioning in 29 prenatally cocaine-exposed (CE) and non-drug-exposed (NDE) 7- to 9-year-old children participating in event related potential (ERP) studies. METHODS ERPs were recorded using 128-electrode high-density arrays while children responded to a standard Stroop paradigm. RESULTS In the Stroop paradigm, CE children generated prolonged responses to the words while the NDE children produced briefer responses. Effects were noted in the region of the initial positive peak (P1), the second negative peak (N2) and the later positive peak (P3). CONCLUSIONS Early cocaine exposure may inhibit the specialization and streamlining of brain region involvement during cognitive processing such that task processing is slower to begin, requires more diverse cortical involvement, and requires more time to complete. ERP methodology has considerable potential for studying frontal maturation and may provide additional information to clarify generally the specific effects of prenatal CE on cortical functioning and the developmental course of cognitive functions.
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Croizé AC, Ragot R, Garnero L, Ducorps A, Pélégrini-Issac M, Dauchot K, Benali H, Burnod Y. Dynamics of parietofrontal networks underlying visuospatial short-term memory encoding. Neuroimage 2005; 23:787-99. [PMID: 15528080 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2003] [Accepted: 10/01/2003] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain imaging studies in TEP, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) have shown that visuospatial short-term memory tasks depend on dorsal parietofrontal networks. Knowing the spatiotemporal dynamics of this network would provide further understanding of the neural bases of the encoding process. We combined magnetoencephalography (MEG) with EEG and fMRI techniques to study this network in a task, in which participants had to judge the symmetry in position of two dots, presented either simultaneously ("immediate comparison") or successively ("memorization" of a first dot and "delayed comparison", after 3 s, with a second dot). With EEG, larger amplitude was observed in the parietocentral P3b component (350-500 ms) in the immediate and "delayed comparisons" than in "memorization" condition, where topography at this time was more anterior and right lateralized. MEG provided a more accurate localization and temporal variations of sources, revealing a strong M4 component at 450 ms in the "memorization" condition, with two sources localized in parietal and right premotor regions. These localizations are consistent with both fMRI foci and EEG cortical current source densities (CSD), but only MEG revealed the strong increase in premotor region at 450 ms related to "memorization". These combined results suggest that EEG P3B and MEG M4 components reflect two different dynamics in parietofrontal networks: the parietocentral P3b indexes a decision mechanism during the immediate and "delayed comparisons", whereas the MEG M4 component, with a larger right premotor source, reflects the encoding process in visuospatial short-term memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Croizé
- Cerebral Plasticity and Adaptation of Visuo-Motor Functions Laboratory, INSERM U483, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France.
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Bares M, Rektor I, Kanovský P, Streitová H. Cortical and subcortical distribution of middle and long latency auditory and visual evoked potentials in a cognitive (CNV) paradigm. Clin Neurophysiol 2003; 114:2447-60. [PMID: 14652105 DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(03)00250-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study concerned sensory processing (post-stimulus late evoked potential components) in different parts of the human brain as related to a motor task (hand movement) in a cognitive paradigm (Contingent Negative Variation). The focus of the study was on the time and space distribution of middle and late post-stimulus evoked potential (EP) components, and on the processing of sensory information in the subcortical-cortical networks. METHODS Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) recordings of the contingent negative variation (CNV) in an audio-visual paradigm with a motor task were taken from 30 patients (27 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy; 3 patients with chronic thalamic pain). The intracerebral recordings were taken from 337 cortical sites (primary sensorimotor area (SM1); supplementary motor area (SMA); the cingulate gyrus; the orbitofrontal, premotor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices; the temporal cortex, including the amygdalohippocampal complex; the parietooccipital lobes; and the insula) and from subcortical structures (the basal ganglia and the posterior thalamus). The concurrent scalp recordings were obtained from 3 patients in the thalamic group. In 4 patients in the epilepsy group, scalp recordings were taken separately from the SEEG procedure. The middle and long latency evoked potentials following an auditory warning (S1) and a visual imperative (S2) stimuli were analyzed. The occurrences of EPs were studied in two time windows (200-300 ms; and over 300 ms) following S1 and S2. RESULTS Following S1, a high frequency of EP with latencies over 200 ms was observed in the primary sensorimotor area, the supplementary motor area, the premotor cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, the cingulate gyrus, some parts of the temporal lobe, the basal ganglia, the insula, and the posterior thalamus. Following S2, a high frequency of EP in both of the time windows over 200 ms was observed in the SM1, the SMA, the premotor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, the cingulate gyrus, the basal ganglia, the posterior thalamus, and in some parts of the temporal cortex. The concurrent scalp recordings in the thalamic group of patients twice revealed potentials peaking approximately at 215 ms following S1. Following S2, EP occurred with latencies of 215 and 310 ms, respectively. Following S1, separate scalp recordings in 4 patients in the epilepsy group displayed EP 3 times in the 'over 300 ms' time window. Following S2, EP were presented once in the '200-300 ms' time window and 3 times in the 'over 300 ms' time window. CONCLUSIONS The SM1, the SMA, multiple sites of the frontal lobe, some parts of the temporal lobe, the cingulate gyrus, the basal ganglia, the insula, and the posterior thalamus all participate in a cortico-subcortical network that is important for the parallel cognitive processing of sensory information in a movement related task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bares
- First Department of Neurology, Masaryk University, St. Anne's Hospital, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Rektor I, Kaiiovský P, Bares M, Brázdil M, Streitová H, Klajblová H, Kuba R, Daniel P. A SEEG study of ERP in motor and premotor cortices and in the basal ganglia. Clin Neurophysiol 2003; 114:463-71. [PMID: 12705427 DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(02)00388-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our intention was to study the electrical activity related to the cognitive processing of simple sensory stimuli in the brain structures that participate in motor control. We focused our interest on the 250-600 ms time window, in which cognitive activity most probably provides the basis for the activity recorded. METHODS Intracerebral stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) recordings were made from 15 epilepsy surgery candidates. We studied potentials that were recorded in a time window in which P300 usually could be recorded on the scalp and that were directly recorded from brain structures involved in motor control: the primary motor cortex (MC, Brodmann's area 4); the lateral and mesial (SMA) premotor cortices (Brodmann's area 6); and the basal ganglia. We evaluated the first distinctive potential to occur in the 250-600 ms time window that displayed an amplitude gradient in several adjacent contacts. Four protocols were performed: an auditory oddball (aP3); a visual oddball (vP3); and contingent negative variation (CNV) protocols, in which the potentials evoked by the auditory warning (aCNV) and visual imperative (vCNV) stimuli were evaluated. In the protocols aP3, vP3, and vCNV, the tested person responded by flexing his/her thumb or hand. In the aCNV paradigm, and in a further auditory oddball paradigm (aP3c), no motor response was required. We compared the presence of an event-related potential (ERP) with an amplitude gradient to the absence of a generator. RESULTS The frequency of P3-like potential components was statistically significantly higher in the basal ganglia when compared with the explored cortical sites. Statistically non-significant latency differences between the basal ganglia and the cortex were displayed. The differences in the distribution of the potentials in the individual cortical areas were insignificant. The mean latency of vP3 was longer than the latencies of aP3, aP3c and vCNV. There was no significant difference between the distribution and latency of aP3 and aP3c. CONCLUSIONS (1) ERPs are generated in cortical as well as in subcortical structures. (2) The cognitive processing of sensory information in all the tested protocols occurred in the basal ganglia; the occurrence in the investigated cortical areas was less frequent and more dependent on the task. The basal ganglia may play an integrative role in cognitive information processing, in motor and non-motor tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Rektor
- 1st Department of Neurology, Masaryk University, St. Anne's Hospital, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Molholm S, Ritter W, Murray MM, Javitt DC, Schroeder CE, Foxe JJ. Multisensory auditory-visual interactions during early sensory processing in humans: a high-density electrical mapping study. BRAIN RESEARCH. COGNITIVE BRAIN RESEARCH 2002; 14:115-28. [PMID: 12063135 DOI: 10.1016/s0926-6410(02)00066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 603] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Integration of information from multiple senses is fundamental to perception and cognition, but when and where this is accomplished in the brain is not well understood. This study examined the timing and topography of cortical auditory-visual interactions using high-density event-related potentials (ERPs) during a simple reaction-time (RT) task. Visual and auditory stimuli were presented alone and simultaneously. ERPs elicited by the auditory and visual stimuli when presented alone were summed ('sum' ERP) and compared to the ERP elicited when they were presented simultaneously ('simultaneous' ERP). Divergence between the 'simultaneous' and 'sum' ERP indicated auditory-visual (AV) neural response interactions. There was a surprisingly early right parieto-occipital AV interaction, consistent with the finding of an earlier study [J. Cogn. Neurosci. 11 (1999) 473]. The timing of onset of this effect (46 ms) was essentially simultaneous with the onset of visual cortical processing, as indexed by the onset of the visual C1 component, which is thought to represent the earliest cortical visual evoked potential. The coincident timing of the early AV interaction and C1 strongly suggests that AV interactions can affect early visual sensory processing. Additional AV interactions were found within the time course of sensory processing (up to 200 ms post stimulus onset). In total, this system of AV effects over the scalp was suggestive of both activity unique to multisensory processing, and the modulation of 'unisensory' activity. RTs to the stimuli when presented simultaneously were significantly faster than when they were presented alone. This RT facilitation could not be accounted for by probability summation, as evidenced by violation of the 'race' model, providing compelling evidence that auditory-visual neural interactions give rise to this RT effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Molholm
- Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
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Frodl-Bauch T, Bottlender R, Hegerl U. Neurochemical substrates and neuroanatomical generators of the event-related P300. Neuropsychobiology 1999; 40:86-94. [PMID: 10474063 DOI: 10.1159/000026603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present review focuses on the current knowledge of the neurochemical processes and neuronal structures involved in the generation of P300. The increasing knowledge in this area facilitates the physiological interpretation of P300 findings as well as the link between P300 research and other research findings in biological psychiatry. Concerning the question of neurochemical substrates, the glutamatergic, GABAergic, cholinergic, noradrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic influences on P300 are reviewed. The knowledge of the generating structures of P300 is summarized from intracranial studies, magnetoencephalographic investigations, lesion and animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Frodl-Bauch
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Deutschland.
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Grunwald T, Beck H, Lehnertz K, Blümcke I, Pezer N, Kutas M, Kurthen M, Karakas HM, Van Roost D, Wiestler OD, Elger CE. Limbic P300s in temporal lobe epilepsy with and without Ammon's horn sclerosis. Eur J Neurosci 1999; 11:1899-906. [PMID: 10336658 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00613.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Limbic P300 potentials can be recorded within the mesial temporal lobes of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). To delineate possible mechanisms of their generation and pathological alteration, we analysed limbic P300s in 55 TLE patients with and 29 without Ammon's horn sclerosis (AHS) and correlated their amplitudes with neuronal cell counts in 30 histopathological specimens. Limbic P300 amplitudes were reduced on the side of the epileptogenic focus only in patients with AHS. Moreover, in AHS patients, limbic P300 latencies were prolonged bilaterally; and in patients with left-sided AHS, amplitudes were reduced bilaterally. Both findings suggest bilateral functional deficits in TLE with unilateral AHS. Limbic P300 areas correlated significantly with neuronal densities of dentate gyrus granule cells but not hippocampal pyramidal cells in the CA1-4 (cornu ammonis) subfields. This finding points to a potential mechanism for the bilateral effects of unilateral AHS as both dentate gyri exhibit strong reciprocal contralateral connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Grunwald
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Germany.
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