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Ndreu L, Sasse S, Karlberg AT, Karlsson I. Haptenation of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor: A Potential Biomarker for Contact Hypersensitivity. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:856614. [PMID: 35465102 PMCID: PMC9019732 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.856614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunological response in contact hypersensitivity is incited by small electrophilic compounds, known as haptens, that react with endogenous proteins after skin absorption. However, the identity of hapten-modified proteins seen as immunogenic remains as yet largely unknown. In a recent study, we have for the first time identified a hapten-modified protein in the local lymph nodes of mice treated topically with the model hapten tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC). The TRITC modification was located on the N-terminal proline of the protein macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). The focus of the current study was to investigate the presence of the same hapten-protein conjugate in blood samples from mice treated topically with TRITC. Furthermore, TRITC modifications of the two major blood proteins, namely hemoglobin (Hb) and albumin (Alb), as well as TRITC modifications of MIF other than the N-terminal proline, were examined. Following incubation with different molar ratios of TRITC, a proteomic approach was applied to characterize conjugate formation of the three aforementioned proteins, using high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The targeted screening of the TRITC-treated mice blood and lymph node samples for these sites led to the identification of only the same TRITC-MIF conjugate previously detected in the lymph nodes. No Hb and Alb conjugates were detected. Quantification of both the TRITC-modified and unmodified N-terminal peptide of MIF in blood and lymph node samples gave interesting insights of MIF’s role in murine contact hypersensitivity. Incubation of MIF with four different haptens encompassing different reactivity mechanisms and potencies, showed adduct formation at different amino acid residues, suggesting that MIF can be the preferred target for a wide variety of haptens. The present study provides essential progress toward understanding of hapten-protein conjugate formation in contact hypersensitivity and identifies hapten-modified MIF as a potential biomarker for this condition. Further investigation of MIF as a target protein can be a next step to determine if MIF is a biomarker that can be used to develop better diagnostic tools and targeted therapeutics for individuals with allergic contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ndreu
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samantha Sasse
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Therese Karlberg
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Dermatochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Isabella Karlsson
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Isabella Karlsson,
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Sumaiya K, Langford D, Natarajaseenivasan K, Shanmughapriya S. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF): A multifaceted cytokine regulated by genetic and physiological strategies. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 233:108024. [PMID: 34673115 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine encoded within a functionally polymorphic genetic locus. MIF was initially recognized as a cytokine generated by activated T cells, but in recent days it has been identified as a multipotent key cytokine secreted by many other cell types involved in immune response and physiological processes. MIF is a highly conserved 12.5 kDa secretory protein that is involved in numerous biological processes. The expression and secretion profile of MIF suggests that MIF to be ubiquitously and constitutively expressed in almost all mammalian cells and is vital for numerous physiological processes. MIF is a critical upstream mediator of host innate and adaptive immunity and survival pathways resulting in the clearance of pathogens thus playing a protective role during infectious diseases. On the other hand, MIF being an immune modulator accelerates detrimental inflammation, promotes cancer metastasis and progression, thus worsening disease conditions. Several reports demonstrated that genetic and physiological factors, including MIF gene polymorphisms, posttranslational regulations, and receptor binding control the functional activities of MIF. Taking into consideration the multi-faceted role of MIF both in physiology and pathology, we thought it is timely to review and summarize the expressional and functional regulation of MIF, its functional mechanisms associated with its beneficial and pathological roles, and MIF-targeting therapies. Thus, our review will provide an overview on how MIF is regulated, its response, and the potency of the therapies that target MIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthi Sumaiya
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dianne Langford
- Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Kalimuthusamy Natarajaseenivasan
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA..
| | - Santhanam Shanmughapriya
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey PA-17033, USA.
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Yoshihisa Y, Rehman MU, Andoh T, Tabuchi Y, Makino T, Shimizu T. Overexpression of D-dopachrome tautomerase increases ultraviolet B irradiation-induced skin tumorigenesis in mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21671. [PMID: 34105803 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002631rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet irradiation (UV) exposure is the leading factor underlying the development of skin malignancies. D-dopachrome tautomerase (D-DT), a functional homolog of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), has functional similarities to MIF. However, its role, unlike the role of MIF in photocarcinogenesis, is unknown. We therefore explored the role of D-DT in photocarcinogenesis by developing D-DT transgenic (D-DT Tg) mice and provided a research model for future studies targeting D-DT. Chronic UVB exposure accelerated tumor development in D-DT Tg mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice, with a higher incidence of tumors observed in D-DT Tg mice than in WT mice. In D-DT Tg irradiated mouse keratinocytes, the p53, PUMA, and Bax expression was lower than that in WT mice. These results indicate that D-DT Tg overexpression confers prevention against UVB-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes. Taken together, these findings support D-DT as a functionally important cytokine in photocarcinogenesis and potential therapeutic target for the prevention of photocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yoshihisa
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mati Ur Rehman
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tsugunobu Andoh
- Department of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Makino
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tadamichi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Lee JY, Kim BJ, Kim JM, Kim J, Joh JS, Jeong I, Kook YH, Kim BJ. Usefulness of the IgA and IgG Responses to Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110991. [PMID: 33238656 PMCID: PMC7700399 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Serological tests offer the potential in order to improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays a protective role in infection control in TB; however, to date, no studies on antibody responses to MIF have been reported. We measured immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG responses to MIF in individuals with either active tuberculosis (ATB; n = 65), latent tuberculosis (LTBI; n = 53), or in non-infected individuals (NI; n = 62). The QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) assay was used in order to screen for LTBI. The level of IgA against MIF was significantly lower in LTBI and ATB patients than in NI individuals, was significantly related to LTBI and ATB diagnosis, and it could discriminate between LTBI and ATB. In contrast, the level of IgG against MIF was significantly lower in LTBI patients than in NI individuals and was significantly related to LTBI diagnosis. Anti-MIF IgG levels were significantly lower in AFB-negative TB, minimal TB, and new ATB patients, than in the NI group. IgA and IgG levels against MIF both showed significant negative correlations with IFN-γ levels, as assessed using the QFT-GIT test. Although none of the antibodies could achieve high diagnostic predictive power individually, our results suggest the possibility of using IgA antibody responses to MIF in the diagnosis of LTBI and ATB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (J.-S.J.); (I.J.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Microbiology and Immunology and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Byoung-Jun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Microbiology and Immunology and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Jee-min Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (J.-S.J.); (I.J.)
| | - Junghyun Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (J.-S.J.); (I.J.)
| | - Joon-Sung Joh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (J.-S.J.); (I.J.)
| | - Ina Jeong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (J.-S.J.); (I.J.)
| | - Yoon-Hoh Kook
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Microbiology and Immunology and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (B.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-2-740-8306 (Y.-H.K.); +82-2-740-8316 (B.-J.K.)
| | - Bum-Joon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Microbiology and Immunology and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (B.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-2-740-8306 (Y.-H.K.); +82-2-740-8316 (B.-J.K.)
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Jiang N, Ni Q, Fan Y, Wu S, Zhou Y, Liu W, Si K, Zhang H, Robert J, Zeng L. Characterization and expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (mif) in Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 103:9-16. [PMID: 32344024 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) is one of the critically endangered aquatic species in China. It is also among the oldest extant actinopterygian fish species. To advance the characterization of the Chinese sturgeon immune system, we identified the gene encoding the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a multifunctional cytokine that contributes to both innate and adaptive immune responses. Molecular and phylogenic analysis indicates the Chinese sturgeon (cs) MIF share a high degree of structural conservation with other MIF sequences and is closely related to other bony fish MIF. At steady state, cs-mif gene is expressed at relatively high levels in the brain, and to a lesser but significant level in liver, spleen, kidney, gut and skin. The spatial expression patterns determined by in situ hybridization indicates a preferential distribution of cs-mif transcripts in the cerebral cortex, the gut epithelium, hematopoietic tissues of kidney, spleen and liver parenchyma, and skin epidermis. Marked increase of cs-mif gene expression was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and Aeromonas hydrophila infection in all tested tissues. Furthermore, higher cs-mif transcript levels were detected in the liver, spleen, kidney, gut and skin during stress response resulting from hyperthermia. These results are not only consistent with the expected role of cs-mif gene in innate immunity but also suggest a potential role of this gene in stress response to hyperthermia in the Chinese sturgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, PR China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Qi Ni
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, PR China
| | - Shuwang Wu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, PR China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, PR China
| | - Wenzhi Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, PR China
| | - Kaige Si
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, PR China
| | - Haigeng Zhang
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Jacques Robert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, 14642, USA.
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, PR China.
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Garcia-Orozco A, Martinez-Magaña IA, Riera-Leal A, Muñoz-Valle JF, Martinez-Guzman MA, Quiñones-Venegas R, Sánchez-Zuno GA, Fafutis-Morris M. Macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) gene polymorphisms are associated with disease susceptibility and with circulating MIF levels in active non-segmental vitiligo in patients from western Mexico. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1416. [PMID: 32705792 PMCID: PMC7549602 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The macrophage migration inhibiting factor (MIF) is a protein that promotes the activation of immune cells and the production of other proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IFN‐γ, which have proposed to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. The study aimed to assess the association between MIF polymorphisms (−794 CATT5‐8 and −173 G>C), MIF in situ expression, and MIF serum concentrations with susceptibility and disease activity in patients with non‐segmental vitiligo (NSV) from western Mexico. Methods The study included 111 patients with NSV and 201 control subjects. Genotyping was performed by conventional PCR (−794 CATT5‐8) and PCR‐RFLP (−173 G>C) methods. MIF mRNA expression was quantified by real‐time PCR and MIF serum concentrations were determined by ELISA kit. Histopathological samples were analyzed by automated immunohistochemistry. Results The MIF polymorphisms were associated with NSV susceptibility. Serum concentrations of MIF were higher in patients with active NSV and correlated negatively with the years of evolution. The depigmented skin from patients with active vitiligo showed a high expression of MIF. Conclusion MIF polymorphisms increase the risk of NSV in the western Mexican population. The serum concentrations of MIF and in situ expression are associated with active NSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Garcia-Orozco
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología/Instituto Dermatológico de Jalisco "Dr. José Barba Rubio", Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico.,Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas con Orientación en Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Annie Riera-Leal
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas con Orientación en Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Marco Alonso Martinez-Guzman
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología/Instituto Dermatológico de Jalisco "Dr. José Barba Rubio", Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Quiñones-Venegas
- Instituto Dermatológico de Jalisco "Dr. José Barba Rubio", Secretaría de Salud Jalisco, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Athziri Sánchez-Zuno
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas con Orientación en Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.,Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Mary Fafutis-Morris
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología/Instituto Dermatológico de Jalisco "Dr. José Barba Rubio", Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico
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Kato R, Miyajima A, Komoriya K, Haishima Y. Novel cytokine marker available for skin irritation testing of medical devices using reconstructed human epidermis models. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 68:104919. [PMID: 32645342 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In biological safety evaluation of medical devices, false-negative results have been observed during skin irritation testing using the reconstructed human epidermis (RhE) model when measuring cell viability as a single marker. Therefore, to improve testing accuracy, this study conducted a comprehensive survey and performance evaluation of cytokines to identify a second marker. In addition to IL-1α, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was newly identified as a candidate marker, in the Bio-Plex assay of EpiDerm model exposed to polymer sample extracts. Irritation based on cell viability level was not accurately determined in LabCyte model using silicone spiked with 25% heptanoic acid (HA). By contrast, the irritation potency was accurately assessed in detail by measuring IL-1α or MIF. Further, IL-1α and MIF levels in EpiDerm, LabCyte, and EpiSkin models stimulated with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were inversely correlated with cell viability, and were detected even at low SDS concentrations without cell toxicity. Additionally, MIF demonstrated greater S/N ratio and dose-dependency at high SDS concentrations in some models compared to IL-1α. These results indicated that MIF might be a useful second marker for improving the sensitivity and accuracy of skin irritation testing with RhE models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Kato
- Division of Medical Devices, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Atsuko Miyajima
- Division of Medical Devices, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Kaoru Komoriya
- Division of Medical Devices, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yuji Haishima
- Division of Medical Devices, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan.
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Xue N, Xing S, Ma W, Sheng J, Huang Z, Xu Q. Combination of Plasma MIF and VCA-IgA Improves the Diagnostic Specificity for Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820935773. [PMID: 32578505 PMCID: PMC7315673 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820935773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines, tumor tissues, and plasma were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemistry. Plasma Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen was determined by immunoenzymatic techniques. RESULTS Both the messenger RNA and protein expression levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor were upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines and nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in plasma was significantly elevated in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma compared to Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen-negative and Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen-positive healthy donors. The combination of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen was better for diagnosing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.925, 95% CI: 0.898-0.951) than macrophage migration inhibitory factor (area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.778, 95% CI: 0.732-0.824) and Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen. Combining macrophage migration inhibitory factor and Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen had higher specificity (82.40% vs 69.96%) and higher positive predictive value (79.17% vs 67.44%) without an obvious reduction in sensitivity (95.25%) compared to Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen alone. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor was highly expressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines, whereas it was not associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. The level of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in plasma was not related to the titer of Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen. CONCLUSION The combination of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen increases the specificity and positive predictive value of detecting nasopharyngeal carcinoma and improves the diagnostic accuracy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Tumor Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shan Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiguo Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Tumor Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiahe Sheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Tumor Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiliang Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qingxia Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Tumor Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Kim BS, Breuer B, Arnke K, Ruhl T, Hofer T, Simons D, Knobe M, Ganse B, Guidi M, Beier JP, Fuchs PC, Pallua N, Bernhagen J, Grieb G. The effect of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) on excisional wound healing in vivo. J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2020; 54:137-144. [PMID: 32281469 DOI: 10.1080/2000656x.2019.1710710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: The macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been determined as a cytokine exerting a multitude of effects in inflammation and angiogenesis. Earlier studies have indicated that MIF may also be involved in wound healing and flap surgery. Methods: We investigated the effect of MIF in an excisional wound model in wildtype, Mif-/- and recombinant MIF treated mice. Wound closure rates as well as the macrophage marker Mac-3, the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and the pro-angiogenic factor von Willebrand factor (vWF) were measured. Finally, we used a flap model in Mif-/- and WT mice with an established perfusion gradient to identify MIF's contribution in flap perfusion. Results: In the excision wound model, we found reduced wound healing after MIF injection, whereas Mif deletion improved wound healing. Furthermore, a reduced expression of Mac-3, TNFα and vWF in Mif-/- mice was seen when compared to WT mice. In the flap model, Mif-/- knockout mice showed mitigated flap perfusion with lower hemoglobin content and oxygen saturation as measured by O2C measurements when compared to WT mice. Conclusions: Our data suggest an inhibiting effect of MIF in wound healing with increased inflammation and perfusion. In flaps, by contrast, MIF may contribute to flap vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Sung Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Breuer
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kevin Arnke
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tim Ruhl
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tanja Hofer
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - David Simons
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Knobe
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Division of Trauma Surgery, Kantonsspital Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Bergita Ganse
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marco Guidi
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Justus P Beier
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul C Fuchs
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, Cologne-Merheim Medical Center, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Norbert Pallua
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Aesthetic Elite International - Private Clinic, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Gerrit Grieb
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery - Burn Center, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Havelhoehe, Teaching Hospital of the Charité University, Berlin, Germany
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Lan H, Luo L, Chen Y, Wang M, Yu Z, Gong Y. MIF signaling blocking alleviates airway inflammation and airway epithelial barrier disruption in a HDM-induced asthma model. Cell Immunol 2019; 347:103965. [PMID: 31708110 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2019.103965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of asthma. However the role of MIF in airway inflammation and airway epithelial barrier disruption in house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma has not been addressed. We hypothesized that MIF contributed to HDM-induced the production of Th2-associated cytokines and E-cadherin dysfunction in asthmatic mice and 16HBE cells. In vivo, a HDM-induced asthma mouse model was set up and mice treated with MIF antagonist ISO-1 after HDM. The mice treated with the ISO-1 ameliorated airway hyper-reactivity, airway inflammation, increased serum IgE levels, the aberrant arrangement of E-cadherin as well as the release of Th2 cytokines induced by HDM. In vitro, the exposure of 16HBE cells to HDM and rhMIF resulted in airway epithelial barrier disruption, inflammatory cytokine production and enhanced glycolytic flux. While these changes were attenuated by MIF siRNA treatment. Sequentially, treatment of 16HBE cells with PFKFB3 antagonist PFK15 significantly lowered rhMIF-induced these changes in 16HBE cells. Therefore, these results indicate that MIF may be an important contributor in airway inflammation and airway epithelial barrier disruption of HDM-induced asthma. Moreover, HDM specifically induces airway inflammation and airway epithelial barrier disruption of 16HBE cells through MIF-mediated enhancement of aerobic glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibing Lan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Yu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqi Gong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Jankauskas SS, Wong DW, Bucala R, Djudjaj S, Boor P. Evolving complexity of MIF signaling. Cell Signal 2019; 57:76-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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12
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Bezdek S, Leng L, Busch H, Mousavi S, Rades D, Dahlke M, Zillikens D, Bucala R, Sadik CD. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Drives Murine Psoriasiform Dermatitis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2262. [PMID: 30333830 PMCID: PMC6176003 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunomodulator Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) exerts pleiotropic immunomodulatory activities and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory diseases. Expression levels of MIF are also significantly elevated in the skin and serum of psoriasis patients, but the pathogenic significance of MIF in psoriasis is unknown. We have therefore addressed the role of MIF in two mouse models of psoriasis, namely in the imiquimod-induced psoriasiform dermatitis (IIPD) and the IL-23-induced dermatitis model. Daily treatment with Aldara™ cream, containing imiquimod, markedly increased the abundance of MIF in the skin and generated a cellular skin expression pattern of MIF closely resembling that in human plaque psoriasis. Deficiency in MIF significantly alleviated IIPD. On the clinical level, all hallmarks of psoriasiform dermatitis, including erythema, skin infiltration, and desquamation were reduced in Mif−/− mice. On the histopathological level, MIF deficiency decreased keratinocyte hyperproliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration, specifically with respect to monocyte-derived cells, and dermal angiogenesis, suggesting that MIF may be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasiform dermatitis through several mechanisms. Similarly, MIF deficiency also significantly reduced disease in the IL-23-induced dermatitis model, suggesting that MIF is involved in the pathogenic pathways activated by IL-23 and required to achieve full-blown psoriasiform dermatitis. Collectively, our results lend support to a possible disease-promoting role of MIF in psoriasis, which should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siegfried Bezdek
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lin Leng
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Hauke Busch
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sadegh Mousavi
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Dirk Rades
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Dahlke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Detlef Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Richard Bucala
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Christian D Sadik
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Center for Research on Inflammation of the Skin (CRIS), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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13
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Brocks T, Fedorchenko O, Schliermann N, Stein A, Moll UM, Seegobin S, Dewor M, Hallek M, Marquardt Y, Fietkau K, Heise R, Huth S, Pfister H, Bernhagen J, Bucala R, Baron JM, Fingerle-Rowson G. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor protects from nonmelanoma epidermal tumors by regulating the number of antigen-presenting cells in skin. FASEB J 2016; 31:526-543. [PMID: 27825106 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600860r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The response of the skin to harmful environmental agents is shaped decisively by the status of the immune system. Keratinocytes constitutively express and secrete the chemokine-like mediator, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), more strongly than dermal fibroblasts, thereby creating a MIF gradient in skin. By using global and epidermis-restricted Mif-knockout (Mif-/- and K14-Cre+/tg; Miffl/fl) mice, we found that MIF both recruits and maintains antigen-presenting cells in the dermis/epidermis. The reduced presence of antigen-presenting cells in the absence of MIF was associated with accelerated and increased formation of nonmelanoma skin tumors during chemical carcinogenesis. Our results demonstrate that MIF is essential for maintaining innate immunity in skin. Loss of keratinocyte-derived MIF leads to a loss of control of epithelial skin tumor formation in chemical skin carcinogenesis, which highlights an unexpected tumor-suppressive activity of MIF in murine skin.-Brocks, T., Fedorchenko, O., Schliermann, N., Stein, A., Moll, U. M., Seegobin, S., Dewor, M., Hallek, M., Marquardt, Y., Fietkau, K., Heise, R., Huth, S., Pfister, H., Bernhagen, J., Bucala, R., Baron, J. M., Fingerle-Rowson, G. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor protects from nonmelanoma epidermal tumors by regulating the number of antigen-presenting cells in skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Brocks
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Köln-Bonn, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oleg Fedorchenko
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Köln-Bonn, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nicola Schliermann
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Köln-Bonn, Cologne, Germany
| | - Astrid Stein
- Institute of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ute M Moll
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.,Department of Molecular Oncology, Georg-August University, Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences, Ernst-Caspari-Haus, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Seth Seegobin
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manfred Dewor
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Köln-Bonn, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yvonne Marquardt
- Department of Dermatology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katharina Fietkau
- Department of Dermatology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ruth Heise
- Department of Dermatology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Huth
- Department of Dermatology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany
| | - Herbert Pfister
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Juergen Bernhagen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; and
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jens M Baron
- Department of Dermatology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany
| | - Guenter Fingerle-Rowson
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; .,Center for Integrated Oncology Köln-Bonn, Cologne, Germany
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14
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Yoshihisa Y, Rehman MU, Kondo T, Shimizu T. Role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in heat-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes. FASEB J 2016; 30:3870-3877. [PMID: 27528627 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600408rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In human skin, keratinocytes are constantly challenged by adverse influences, such as hot and cold temperatures; however, the effects of heat on apoptosis induction in keratinocytes are not well understood. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a potent cytokine that overcomes p53 function by suppressing its transcriptional activity. Here, we evaluated the effects of MIF on hyperthermia (HT)-induced apoptosis in MIF-deficient [knockout (KO)] and MIF-transgenic (Tg) mouse keratinocytes. Cells were exposed to HT at 44°C, and increased apoptosis was observed in MIF-KO and wild-type (WT) cells compared with MIF-Tg cells. To determine the mechanism, MIF-mediated changes in the cellular p53 level and its effects on p53-dependent death signaling (Bax and p21) and JNK signaling (p-JNK, JNK, p-Bad, and Bad) were investigated. MIF-Tg cells exhibited substantially decreased levels of p53 after HT treatment compared with WT and MIF-KO cells. In addition, HT treatment caused decreased expression of p-JNK and p-Bad in MIF-Tg cells; however, no such changes were observed in MIF-KO and WT cells. These results showed that the activation of JNK (p-JNK and p-Bad) and p53 may be involved in HT-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes and that enhanced endogenous MIF expression suppressed apoptosis.-Yoshihisa, Y., Rehman, M. U., Kondo, T., Shimizu, T. Role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in heat-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Yoshihisa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan; and
| | - Mati Ur Rehman
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan; and.,Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan
| | - Tadamichi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan; and
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Delbrouck C, Gabius HJ, Vandenhoven G, Kiss R, Hassid S. Budesonide-Dependent Modulation of Expression of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in a Polyposis Model: Evidence for Differential Regulation in Surface and Glandular Epithelia. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2016; 113:544-51. [PMID: 15274414 DOI: 10.1177/000348940411300706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a counterregulatory lymphokine for glucocorticoid action within the immune system. To provide further insights into the way expression of pleiotropically acting MIF is modulated by glucocorticoids, we investigated the influence of the glucocorticoid budesonide on the level of expression of MIF in a model of human nasal polyposis by quantitative immunohistochemical analysis. Ten nasal polyps obtained from surgical resection were maintained for 24 hours in the presence of 3 budesonide concentrations: 10, 50, and 250 ng/mL. As quantitatively demonstrated by computer-assisted microscopy, 50 ng/mL induced an increase in MIF expression in the surface epithelium and a decrease in MIF expression in the glandular epithelium. At the 250 ng/mL dose, the inverse effect was induced. Evidently, surface and glandular epithelia react nonuniformly to the glucocorticoid regarding MIF presence, adding dependence on the cell type to the regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Delbrouck
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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16
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Involvement of MIF in basement membrane damage in chronically UVB-exposed skin in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89569. [PMID: 24586879 PMCID: PMC3931804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet (UV) B radiation is known to induce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that degrade collagen in the basement membrane. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pluripotent cytokine that plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of skin inflammation induced by UV irradiation. This study examined the effects of MIF on basement membrane damage following chronic UVB irradiation in mice. The back skin of MIF transgenic (Tg) and wild-type (WT) mice was exposed to UVB three times a week for 10 weeks. There was a decrease in intact protein levels of type IV collagen and increased basement membrane damage in the exposed skin of the MIF Tg mice compared to that observed in the WT mice. Moreover, the skin of the MIF Tg mice exhibited higher MIF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and protein levels than those observed in the WT mice. We also found that chronic UVB exposure in MIF Tg mice resulted in higher levels of neutrophil infiltration in the dermis compared with that observed in the WT mice. In vitro experiments revealed that MIF induced increases in the MMPs expression, including that of MMP-9 in keratinocytes and MMP-2 in fibroblasts. Cultured neutrophils also secreted MMP-9 stimulated by MIF. Therefore, MIF-mediated basement membrane damage occurs primarily through MMPs activation and neutrophil influx in murine skin following chronic UVB irradiation.
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17
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Pazyar N, Feily A, Yaghoobi R. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor as an incriminating agent in dermatological disorders. Indian J Dermatol 2013; 58:157. [PMID: 23716815 PMCID: PMC3657225 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.108068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a critical immunoregulatory pluripotent cytokine. It has been re-evaluated as a proinflammatory cytokine, pituitary hormone and glucocorticoid-induced immunoregulatory protein. MIF exists in human epidermis, especially in the basal layer and also is expressed constitutively by monocytes/macrophages, T cells, B cells, endocrine, and epithelial cells. In the field of dermatology, MIF is believed to be a detrimental factor in inflammatory dermatological diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis, vitiligo, pemphigus vulgaris, bullous pemphigoid (BP), alopecia areata (AA) as well as other conditions such as photoaging, and photocarcinigenesis. The objective of this review is to gather and summarize MIF related disorders in dermatology and present valuable information for readers and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Pazyar
- Department of Dermatology, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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19
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Klein C, Troedsson MHT. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor is Expressed by Equine Conceptuses and Endometrium. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:297-304. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Gilliver SC, Emmerson E, Bernhagen J, Hardman MJ. MIF: a key player in cutaneous biology and wound healing. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:1-6. [PMID: 21158933 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2010.01194.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its implication in a range of pathological conditions, including asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease and cancer, the pleiotropic cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been the subject of intensive recent investigation. In the field of dermatology, MIF is believed to be a detrimental factor in diseases such as systemic sclerosis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema and UV radiation damage. However, its contribution to other aspects of cutaneous biology is currently unclear. Although its expression in intact skin is well characterized, little is known about MIF's role in cutaneous homoeostasis. However, recent data do identify MIF as a key player in the immune privilege of hair follicles. Similarly, although MIF is rapidly released and its local expression significantly induced upon wounding, its primary role in the ensuing repair process remains a source of contention. MIF has been identified as being a key effector of the beneficial effects of estrogen on wound repair, yet studies employing Mif null mice, recombinant MIF, and neutralizing anti-MIF antibodies have failed to provide a consensus as to whether it benefits or inhibits healing. In fact MIF appears to be able to exert both positive and negative effects, with the cell-specific relevancy of MIF in wound healing still unclear. Thus, if MIF and/or its downstream targets are to be therapeutically useful in the context of cutaneous repair, more needs to be done to establish the nature and mechanism of action of MIF and its receptors in healing wounds.
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Kitayama S, Onodera S, Kondo E, Kobayashi T, Miyatake S, Kitamura N, Tohyama H, Yasuda K. Deficiency of macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene delays healing of the medial collateral ligament: A biomechanical and biological study. J Biomech 2011; 44:494-500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Li F, Huang S, Wang L, Yang J, Zhang H, Qiu L, Li L, Song L. A macrophage migration inhibitory factor like gene from scallop Chlamys farreri: Involvement in immune response and wound healing. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 35:62-71. [PMID: 20804783 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2010.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an evolutionarily ancient and highly conserved cytokine with multiple functions. In the present study, a MIF-like gene was cloned from Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri (designated as CfMIF) based on expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) approach. The full-length cDNA of CfMIF was of 2296bp, consisting of a 5' untranslated region (UTR) of 60bp, a 3' UTR of 1903bp with a poly(A) tail and an open reading frame (ORF) of 333bp encoded 111 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 12.6kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 5.63. The deduced amino acid sequence of CfMIF shared 27-50.5% similarity with those of other known MIFs. A conserved MIF domain was identified in the deduced amino acid sequence of CfMIF, and conserved proline(2) and lysine(33) were also found to be present in CfMIF. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that CfMIF is one of MIF members. The tissue distribution and temporal expression of CfMIF in hemocytes of scallop after lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN) and β-glucan stimulation were detected by real-time RT-PCR. CfMIF gene was ubiquitously expressed in six selected tissues of healthy scallops, with the higher expression levels in hepatopancreas, mantle and gill. In comparison with the control group, the expression of CfMIF mRNA in hemocytes was up-regulated significantly at 6h, 24h and 48h after LPS treatment, and at all time points after PGN and glucan treatment. The cDNA fragment encoding mature peptide of CfMIF was recombined and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS. The recombinant protein of CfMIF (rCfMIF) promoted sheep fibroblast migration into scraped spaces in vitro. These results generated from the present study encourage us to suggest that CfMIF was a novel member of MIF family, and it was involved in immune response and wound healing by promoting fibroblast migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is essential for eosinophil recruitment in allergen-induced skin inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 131:925-31. [PMID: 21191413 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2010.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pluripotent cytokine that has an essential role in the pathophysiology of experimental allergic inflammation. Recent findings suggest that MIF is involved in several allergic disorders, including atopic dermatitis (AD). In this study, the role of MIF in allergic skin inflammation was examined using a murine model of AD elicited by epicutaneous sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA). We observed the number of skin-infiltrating eosinophils to significantly increase in OVA-sensitized MIF transgenic (Tg) mice compared with their wild-type (WT) littermates. On the other hand, eosinophils were virtually absent from the skin of MIF knockout (KO) mice and failed to infiltrate their skin after repeated epicutaneous sensitization with OVA. The mRNA expression levels of eotaxin and IL-5 were significantly increased in OVA-sensitized skin sites of MIF Tg mice, but were significantly decreased in MIF KO mice in comparison with the levels in WT littermates. Eotaxin expression was induced by IL-4 stimulation in fibroblasts in MIF Tg mice, but not in MIF KO mice. These findings indicate that MIF can induce eosinophil accumulation in the skin. Therefore, the targeted inhibition of MIF might be a promising new therapeutic strategy for allergic skin diseases.
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Shimizu T. The Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2010; 2:1555-64. [PMID: 24281172 PMCID: PMC3837321 DOI: 10.3390/cancers2031555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Revised: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the most common cause of physical injury to the skin due to environmental damage, and UV exposure substantially increases the risk of actinic damage to the skin. The inflammatory changes induced by acute UV exposure include erythema (sunburn) of the skin, while chronic exposure to solar UV radiation causes photo-aging, immunosuppression, and ultimately, carcinogenesis of the skin. After skin damage by UV radiation, the cells are known to secrete many cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). MIF was originally identified as a lymphokine that concentrates macrophages at inflammatory loci, and is known to be a potent activator of macrophages in vivo. MIF is considered to play an important role in cell-mediated immunity. Since the molecular cloning of MIF cDNA, MIF has been re-evaluated as a proinflammatory cytokine and pituitary-derived hormone that potentiates endotoxemia. MIF is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues, including the skin. Recent studies have suggested a potentially broader role for MIF in growth regulation because of its ability to antagonize p53-mediated gene activation and apoptosis. This article reviews the latest findings on the roles of MIF with regard to UV-induced skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadamichi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, 930-0194, Toyama, Japan.
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Pettorini BL, Frassanito P, Caldarelli M, Tamburrini G, Massimi L, Di Rocco C. Molecular pathogenesis of craniopharyngioma: switching from a surgical approach to a biological one. Neurosurg Focus 2010; 28:E1. [DOI: 10.3171/2010.1.focus09300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Craniopharyngioma has long been considered a benign tumor because of its pathological aspect. This primordial view of craniopharyngioma fit with the primitive treatment attempts based on blind resection of the tumor each time it recurred. The limits of this management strategy were proven early by the high morbidity related to the resection and recurrence risk despite radical lesion removal. Nowadays, craniopharyngioma must be considered a complex molecular disease, and a detailed explanation of the mechanisms underlying its aggressive biological and clinical behavior, despite some benign pathological features, would be the first step toward defining the best management of craniopharyngioma. Indeed, advances in the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms at the base of craniopharyngioma oncogenesis will lead to comprehension of the critical checkpoints involved in neoplastic transformation. The final research target will be the definition of new biological agents able to reverse the neoplastic process by acting on these critical checkpoints. This biological approach will lead to a refined therapy combining higher efficacy and safety with lower morbidity. In this paper the authors reveal state-of-the-art comprehension of the molecular biology of craniopharyngioma and the consequent therapeutic implications.
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Nattee P, Honsawek S, Chongsrisawat V, Vejchapipat P, Thamboonlers A, Poovorawan Y. Elevated serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels in post-operative biliary atresia. Asian J Surg 2009; 32:109-13. [PMID: 19423458 DOI: 10.1016/s1015-9584(09)60020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Biliary atresia (BA) is one of the most common causes of neonatal cholestasis. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an important mediator of inflammation and immune response in various diseases. The objective of this study was to examine the possible roles of MIF in BA. METHODS Forty-eight BA paediatric patients who had undergone a Kasai operation and 22 healthy children were recruited. The mean ages of the patients and controls were 8.47 +/- 0.74 and 7.64 +/- 0.41 years, respectively. The patients were categorised into two groups according to their serum levels of total bilirubin (TB) (TB < 2 mg/dL; no jaundice, and TB >/= 2 mg/dL; persistent jaundice). The serum MIF levels were determined using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The mean serum MIF level of the BA children was higher than that of healthy controls (0.43 +/- 0.04 ng/mL [corrected] vs. 0.27 +/- 0.02 ng/mL; [corrected] p < 0.001). However, there was no difference in serum MIF levels between BA patients with jaundice and those without jaundice. Further analysis revealed that there was no difference in serum MIF levels of BA patients without portal hypertension compared to that of BA patients with portal hypertension. CONCLUSION MIF production was elevated in BA patients compared to normal controls. It is likely that MIF plays a role in the pathophysiology of post-operative BA patients. However, the elevated MIF levels are not associated with either jaundice status or portal hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papit Nattee
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Hamatake M, Yoshino I, Tomiyasu M, Miura N, Okazaki H, Ohba T, Takenaka T, Maehara Y. Intratumoral expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor is correlated with serum C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Surg Today 2008; 38:921-5. [PMID: 18820867 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-008-3765-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2007] [Accepted: 01/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate if macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) affects systemic inflammatory response in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we studied the relationship between intratumoral MIF expression and serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). METHODS mRNAs for MIF and beta-actin, and 18S ribosomal RNA derived from tumor-bearing and nontumor-bearing tissues were quantified by a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 35 patients with NSCLC. Spearman's test was used to examine the correlation between the quantities of RNAs and the preoperative serum levels of CRP and IL-6 in the corresponding patients. RESULTS The intratumoral level of MIF mRNA was significantly correlated with the serum levels of CRP (rho = 0.542, P = 0.0016) and IL-6 (rho = 0.532, P = 0.0173). The level of MIF mRNA in the non-tumor-bearing lung also showed a positive, but relatively weak correlation with the serum CRP level (rho = 0.418, P = 0.0148). CONCLUSION Macrophage migration inhibitory factor expression in the tumor site may affect the systemic inflammatory response in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoharu Hamatake
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Meyer KC, Klatte JE, Dinh HV, Harries MJ, Reithmayer K, Meyer W, Sinclair R, Paus R. Evidence that the bulge region is a site of relative immune privilege in human hair follicles. Br J Dermatol 2008; 159:1077-85. [PMID: 18795933 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08818.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent gene profiling data suggest that, besides the anagen hair bulb, the epithelial stem cell region in the outer root sheath of hair follicles (HFs), termed the bulge, may also represent an area of relative immune privilege (IP). OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the human HF bulge is a site of relative IP within anagen VI HFs. METHODS Anagen VI HFs from normal human scalp skin were analysed using immunohistological staining techniques, quantitative histomorphometry and statistical analysis. For functional evidence we performed full-thickness human scalp skin organ cultures to investigate whether interferon (IFN)-gamma, a key inducer of IP collapse in hair bulbs, has a similar effect on the putative bulge IP. RESULTS Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ia, beta(2)-microglobulin and MHC class II immunoreactivity are downregulated in the human bulge. The immunosuppressants alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, transforming growth factor-beta2, macrophage migration inhibitory factor and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) are upregulated in the CD200+, stem cell-rich bulge region. These CD200+ cells also co-express HLA-E. Furthermore, IFN-gamma induces significant ectopic MHC class Ia expression in bulge cells of organ-cultured human scalp skin. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the bulge of human anagen HFs represents a hitherto unrecognized site of relative IP in human skin. Simultaneously, we present the first evidence of IDO and HLA-E protein expression in normal human HFs. Bulge IP presumably protects the HF epithelial stem cell reservoir from autoaggressive immune attack whereas a loss of bulge IP may play a central role in the pathogenesis of cicatricial alopecias.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Meyer
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
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Kitaichi N, Shimizu T, Yoshida K, Honda A, Yoshihisa Y, Kase S, Ohgami K, Norisugi O, Makino T, Nishihira J, Yamagishi SI, Ohno S. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor ameliorates UV-induced photokeratitis in mice. Exp Eye Res 2008; 86:929-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2008.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2007] [Revised: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Honda A, Abe R, Makino T, Norisugi O, Fujita Y, Watanabe H, Nishihira J, Iwakura Y, Yamagishi SI, Shimizu H, Shimizu T. Interleukin-1beta and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in dermal fibroblasts mediate UVA-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression. J Dermatol Sci 2007; 49:63-72. [PMID: 18060744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2007.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2007] [Revised: 08/23/2007] [Accepted: 09/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to solar UV radiation is the main environmental factor that causes premature aging of the skin. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-1 is a member of the MMP family and degrades types I and III collagens, which are the major structural components of the dermis. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the involvement IL-1beta and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in MMP-1 expression under ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation. METHODS IL-1beta and MIF in MMP-1 expression in cultured human dermal fibroblasts and the UVA effects on MMPs production using IL-1alpha/beta-deficient mice were analyzed. Furthermore, fibroblasts derived from MIF-deficient mice were used to analyze the effect of IL-1beta-induced MMPs production. RESULTS IL-1beta-enhanced MIF expression and induced MMP-1 in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. IL-1beta-induced MMP-1 expression is inhibited by neutralizing anti-MIF antibody. Dermal fibroblasts of IL-1alpha/beta-deficient mice produced significantly decreased levels of MMPs compared to wild-type mice after UVA irradiation. Furthermore, fibroblasts of MIF-deficient mice were much less sensitive to IL-1beta-induced MMPs production. On the contrary, IL-1beta produced significantly decreased levels of MMPs in MIF-deficient mice fibroblasts. The up-regulation of MMP-1 mRNA by IL-1beta stimulation was found to be inhibited by a p38 inhibitor and a JNK inhibitor. In contrast, the MEK inhibitor and inhibitor were found to have little effect on expression of MMP-1 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS IL-1beta is involved in the up-regulation of UVA-induced MMP-1 in dermal fibroblasts, and IL-1beta and MIF cytokine network induce MMP-1 and contribute to the loss of interstitial collagen in skin photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Honda
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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31
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Cho Y, Jones BF, Vermeire JJ, Leng L, DiFedele L, Harrison LM, Xiong H, Kwong YKA, Chen Y, Bucala R, Lolis E, Cappello M. Structural and functional characterization of a secreted hookworm Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) that interacts with the human MIF receptor CD74. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:23447-56. [PMID: 17567581 PMCID: PMC3707627 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m702950200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hookworms, parasitic nematodes that infect nearly one billion people worldwide, are a major cause of anemia and malnutrition. We hypothesize that hookworms actively manipulate the host immune response through the production of specific molecules designed to facilitate infection by larval stages and adult worm survival within the intestine. A full-length cDNA encoding a secreted orthologue of the human cytokine, Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) has been cloned from the hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum. Elucidation of the three-dimensional crystal structure of recombinant AceMIF (rAceMIF) revealed an overall structural homology with significant differences in the tautomerase sites of the human and hookworm proteins. The relative bioactivities of human and hookworm MIF proteins were compared using in vitro assays of tautomerase activity, macrophage migration, and binding to MIF receptor CD74. The activity of rAceMIF was not inhibited by the ligand ISO-1, which was previously determined to be an inhibitor of the catalytic site of human MIF. These data define unique immunological, structural, and functional characteristics of AceMIF, thereby establishing the potential for selectively inhibiting the hookworm cytokine as a means of reducing parasite survival and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsang Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Brian F. Jones
- Program in International Child Health and Department of Pediatrics , Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Jon J. Vermeire
- Program in International Child Health and Department of Pediatrics , Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Lin Leng
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Lisa DiFedele
- Program in International Child Health and Department of Pediatrics , Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Lisa M. Harrison
- Program in International Child Health and Department of Pediatrics , Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Huabao Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, Immunobiology Center, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029
| | - Yuen-Kwan Amy Kwong
- Department of Pharmacology, Immunobiology Center, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029
| | - Yibang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Immunobiology Center, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Elias Lolis
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
- To whom correspondence may be addressed: Dept. of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520.
| | - Michael Cappello
- Program in International Child Health and Department of Pediatrics , Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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Hsieh YC, Frink M, Hsieh CH, Choudhry MA, Schwacha MG, Bland KI, Chaudry IH. Downregulation of migration inhibitory factor is critical for estrogen-mediated attenuation of lung tissue damage following trauma-hemorrhage. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 292:L1227-32. [PMID: 17277045 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00479.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although studies have shown that 17β-estradiol (E2) prevents neutrophil infiltration and organ damage following trauma-hemorrhage, the mechanism by which E2inhibits neutrophil transmigration remains unknown. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is thought to play a central role in exacerbation of inflammation and is associated with lung injury. MIF regulates the inflammatory response through modulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Activation of TLR4 results in the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which induce neutrophil infiltration and subsequent tissue damage. We hypothesized that E2mediates its salutary effects in the lung following trauma-hemorrhage via negative regulation of MIF and modulation of TLR4 and cytokine-induced chemotaxis. C3H/HeOuJ mice were subjected to trauma-hemorrhage (mean blood pressure 35 ± 5 mmHg for ∼90 min, then resuscitation) or sham operation. Mice received vehicle, E2, or E2in combination with recombinant mouse MIF protein (rMIF). Trauma-hemorrhage increased lung MIF and TLR4 protein levels as well as lung and systemic levels of cytokines/chemokines. Treatment of animals with E2following trauma-hemorrhage prevented these changes. However, administration of rMIF protein with E2abolished the E2-mediated decrease in lung TLR4 levels, lung and plasma levels of IL-6, TNF-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC). Administration of rMIF protein also prevented E2-mediated reduction in neutrophil influx and tissue damage in the lungs following trauma-hemorrhage. These results suggest that the protective effects of E2on lung injury following trauma-hemorrhage are mediated via downregulation of lung MIF and TLR4-induced cytokine/chemokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ching Hsieh
- Center for Surgical Research and Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019, USA
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Aeberli D, Leech M, Morand EF. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor and glucocorticoid sensitivity. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 45:937-43. [PMID: 16705047 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Treatment with GC is associated with significant dose-dependent side-effects. The pro-inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has emerged in recent years as a candidate factor which could regulate GC sensitivity. MIF is induced by GC, and is able to override anti-inflammatory actions of GCs. In this review, we summarize the pro-inflammatory actions of MIF with respect to RA, describe the interactions between MIF and GC and examine new evidence, which identifies MIF as a specific target for steroid sparing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Aeberli
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash Medical Centre, Locked Bag No 29, Clayton Melbourne 3168, Australia
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Du J, Yu Y, Tu H, Chen H, Xie X, Mou C, Feng K, Zhang S, Xu A. New insights on macrophage migration inhibitory factor: Based on molecular and functional analysis of its homologue of Chinese amphioxus. Mol Immunol 2006; 43:2083-8. [PMID: 16563509 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2005.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2005] [Revised: 12/13/2005] [Accepted: 12/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an intricate cytokine. Many questions about it are not fully resolved. In order to identify the role of MIF in Chinese amphioxus, its genomic organization, transcription pattern and enzymatic activity were studied. It's found that MIF has multi-copy gene number in the Chinese amphioxus genome and special transcription pattern in reproductive organs. Interestingly, the recombinant Bbt-MIF has tantomerase and redox activity, but fails to utilize GSH to reduce insulin instead of DTT, strikingly different from MIF in mammalian. All these results indicate that MIF gene must have undergone important changes in structure and function during the transition of invertebrate/vertebrate and might exert important role in this primitive species, which may be quite different from those found in vertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Department of Biochemistry, Open Laboratory for Marine Functional Genomics of State High-Tech Development Program, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
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35
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Zhao Y, Shimizu T, Nishihira J, Koyama Y, Kushibiki T, Honda A, Watanabe H, Abe R, Tabata Y, Shimizu H. Tissue regeneration using macrophage migration inhibitory factor-impregnated gelatin microbeads in cutaneous wounds. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2006; 167:1519-29. [PMID: 16314467 PMCID: PMC1613201 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)61238-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Migration inhibitory factor (MIF) responds to tissue damage and regulates inflammatory and immunological processes. To elucidate the function of MIF in cutaneous wound healing, we analyzed MIF knockout (KO) mice. After the excision of wounds from the dorsal skin of MIF KO and wild-type (WT) mice, healing was significantly delayed in MIF KO mice compared to WT mice. Lipopolysaccharide treatment significantly increased [(3)H]thymidine uptake in WT mouse fibroblasts compared to MIF KO mouse fibroblasts. Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in fibroblast and keratinocyte migration observed in MIF KO mice after 1-oleoyl-2-lysophosphatidic acid treatment. We subsequently examined whether MIF-impregnated gelatin slow-release microbeads could accelerate skin wound healing. Injection of more than 1.5 microg/500 microl of MIF-impregnated gelatin microbeads around a wound edge accelerated wound healing compared to a single MIF injection without the use of microbeads. MIF-impregnated gelatin microbeads also accelerated skin wound healing in C57BL/6 mice and diabetic db/db mice. Furthermore, incorporating MIF-impregnated gelatin microbeads into an artificial dermis implanted into MIF KO mice accelerated procollagen production and capillary formation. These findings suggest that MIF is crucial in accelerating cutaneous wound healing and that MIF-impregnated gelatin microbeads represent a promising treatment to facilitate skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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36
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Ohkawara T, Takeda H, Miyashita K, Nishiwaki M, Nakayama T, Taniguchi M, Yoshiki T, Tanaka J, Takana J, Imamura M, Sugiyama T, Asaka M, Nishihira J. Regulation of Toll-like receptor 4 expression in mouse colon by macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Histochem Cell Biol 2005; 125:575-82. [PMID: 16283355 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-005-0092-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2005] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) play an important role in the regulation of innate immune responses. In this study, we investigated the effect of MIF on the expression of TLR4, a receptor that recognizes lipopolysaccharide, in colon using MIF-deficient mice. TLR4 mRNA expression in the colon tissues was determined by northern blot analysis. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry in the colon tissues were performed to evaluate the expression of TLR4 protein. The expressions of TLR4 mRNA and protein were remarkably down-regulated in colon tissues of MIF-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice and up-regulated by treatment with recombinant MIF. Immunohistochemical study revealed the presence of TLR4-positive staining in mononuclear cells in the lamina propria and intraepithelial mononuclear cells as well as weak staining in epithelial cells and crypts in colon tissues of wild-type mice. In contrast, MIF-deficient mice did not show TLR4-positive staining in the colonic mucosa. In MIF-deficient mice injected with recombinant mouse MIF (rMIF), TLR4-positive staining cells were observed in colon tissues similar to the findings in wild-type mice. Administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) up-regulated the expression of TLR4 in the colons of WT mice but not in those of MIF-deficient mice. Furthermore, pretreatment with rMIF up-regulated the expression of TLR4 in response to DSS in MIF-deficient mice. Our results suggest that MIF affects the expression of TLR4 in mouse colon under both normal and colitic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ohkawara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, 060-8638, Sapporo, Japan.
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Ito T, Ito N, Saathoff M, Stampachiacchiere B, Bettermann A, Bulfone-Paus S, Takigawa M, Nickoloff BJ, Paus R. Immunology of the Human Nail Apparatus: The Nail Matrix Is a Site of Relative Immune Privilege. J Invest Dermatol 2005; 125:1139-48. [PMID: 16354183 DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-202x.2005.23927.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The nail apparatus is constantly exposed to environmental damage. It requires effective immune responses to combat infection, while avoiding the loss of nail production and regeneration by autoaggressive immunity. By immunohistology, we define here previously unknown characteristics of the normal human nail immune system (NIS). Compared with other regions of nail epithelium, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A/B/C expression is prominently down regulated on both keratinocytes and melanocytes of the proximal nail matrix (PNM), whereas HLA-G(+) is upregulated here. Together with the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in PNM, this may serve to inhibit an natural killer (NK) cell attack on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ia-negative PNM. PNM also displays strong immunoreactivity for potent, locally generated immunosuppressants such as transforming growth factor-beta1, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, and adrenocorticotropic hormone, exhibits unusually few CD1a(+), CD4(+), or CD8(+), NK, and mast cells. Finally, MHC class II and CD 209 expression on CD1a(+) cells in and around the PNM is reduced, indicating diminished antigen-presenting capacity. Thus, the NIS strikingly differs from the skin immune system, but shows intriguing similarities to the hair follicle immune system, including the establishment of an area of relative immune privilege in the PNM. This nail immune privilege may offer a relative safeguard against autoimmunity. But, the localized intraepithelial defect of innate and adaptive immunity in the PNM revealed here also may impede effective anti-infection defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
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Shimizu T, Ogata A, Honda A, Nishihira J, Watanabe H, Abe R, Zhao Y, Shimizu H. Expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in rat skin during embryonic development. Exp Dermatol 2005; 14:819-23. [PMID: 16232303 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2005.00357.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that human epidermal keratinocytes express macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) mRNA, and immunohistochemical studies showed that MIF is expressed in human epidermis. To explore the possible pathophysiological roles of MIF in skin during rat fetal development, we examined the expression patterns of MIF during rat epidermal development using Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization. Expression of MIF mRNA was first detected by in situ hybridization in the developing epidermis and hair germ cells from embryonic day (ED) 16. From ED 19, moderate levels of MIF expression were detected in the epidermis and epithelial sheath cells of growing hair follicles. In postnatal rat skin, higher MIF expression was detected in the epidermis and hair follicles on postnatal day 3. These observations were also confirmed by Northern blot analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis with an anti-MIF antibody showed a similar distribution to that of the mRNA. Our results suggest that MIF is associated with epidermal and hair follicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadamichi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Su SJ, Huang LW, Pai LS, Liu HW, Chang KL. Homocysteine at pathophysiologic concentrations activates human monocyte and induces cytokine expression and inhibits macrophage migration inhibitory factor expression. Nutrition 2005; 21:994-1002. [PMID: 16157236 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2005.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2004] [Accepted: 01/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Homocystinemia is an important independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. Inflammatory cytokines play key roles in the development of atherogenesis. This study investigated the effect of homocysteine on inflammatory cytokine expression. METHODS Human monocytes were treated in vitro with a variety of DL-homocysteine concentrations that ranged from physiologic concentration to higher than pathophysiologic concentration, and we analyzed their expressions of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-12, and migration inhibitory factor. RESULTS DL-homocysteine at a marginal physiologic concentration of 2 microg/mL (15 microM) activated monocytes. In addition, DL-homocysteine at the pathophysiologic dose of 25 microg/mL (185 microM) induced mRNA and protein expressions of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and interleukin-12. Moreover, at the larger dose of 50 microg/mL (370 microM) DL-homocysteine decreased expression of migration inhibitory factor at the mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that homocysteine may contribute to the initiation and progression of vascular disease by activating monocytes, resulting in the secretion of cytokines that amplify the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jem Su
- Department of Medical Technology, FooYin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Ohkawara T, Takeda H, Nishihira J, Miyashita K, Nihiwaki M, Ishiguro Y, Takeda K, Akira S, Iwanaga T, Sugiyama T, Asaka M. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor contributes to the development of acute dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis in Toll-like receptor 4 knockout mice. Clin Exp Immunol 2005; 141:412-21. [PMID: 16045730 PMCID: PMC1809451 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02877.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which recognizes lipopolysaccharides, plays an important role in the innate immune response. In this study, we investigated the role of TLR4 in the development of experimental colitis with regard to the biological actions of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) using TLR4 null ((-/-)) mice. TLR4(-/-) mice were given 2% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) in drinking water to induce colitis, which was clinically and histologically as severe as that seen in wild-type (WT) mice. The level of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in colon tissues was increased in WT mice but unchanged in TLR4(-/-) mice. The level of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in colon tissues was increased by DSS administration in both TLR4(-/-) and WT mice. The expression of MIF was up-regulated in the colons of TLR4(-/-) mice with acute DSS-induced colitis. An anti-MIF antibody significantly suppressed colitis and elevation of matrix metalloproteinase-13 in TLR4(-/-) mice. The current results obtained from TLR4(-/-) mice provide evidence that MIF plays a critical role in the development of acute DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohkawara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
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Shimizu T. Role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the skin. J Dermatol Sci 2005; 37:65-73. [PMID: 15659324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2004.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2004] [Accepted: 08/18/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) functions as a pleiotropic protein, participating in both inflammation and immune responses. MIF was originally discovered as a lymphokine involved in delayed type hypersensitivity and various macrophage functions, including phagocytosis, and tumor surveillance. Recently, MIF has been re-evaluated as a pro-inflammatory cytokine and identified as a pituitary-derived hormone, potentiating endotoxemia. MIF is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues, including the skin. Clinical evidence of increased MIF expression in inflammatory diseases supports this potential role of MIF in inflammation. In addition to its role in inflammation, MIF has been shown to exhibit growth-promoting activity, with anti-MIF antibodies effectively suppressing tumor growth and tumor-associated angiogenesis. This review presents the latest findings on the roles of MIF in the skin with regard to inflammation, the immune response, skin disease, tumorigenesis and cutaneous wound healing, and discusses its potential functions in various pathophysiological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadamichi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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Frenette G, Légaré C, Saez F, Sullivan R. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the human epididymis and semen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 11:575-82. [PMID: 16051683 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gah197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
During epididymal transit, mammalian spermatozoa acquire new proteins involved in the acquisition of motility and of male gamete fertilising ability. We have previously shown that membranous vesicles called epididymosomes are involved in the transfer of epididymal-originating proteins to spermatozoa. The cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is one of these proteins but the role played by MIF in relation to epididymal sperm maturation still remains unclear. As this protein has already been shown to bear different functions depending on its location, we investigated its distribution along the epididymis and in different compartments of human semen. Northern and Western blot analysis as well as immunohistochemical studies show that MIF is expressed all along the epididymis with a higher level of transcript in the proximal segment. MIF is associated with two types of membranous vesicles, i.e. epididymosomes and prostasomes, the latter being prostate-originating membranous vesicles present in the semen. In semen, MIF is associated with spermatozoa, prostasomes as well as the soluble fraction. The amount of MIF in the seminal fluid varies from one individual to another but does not correlate with the amount of MIF associated with ejaculated spermatozoa. There is a negative correlation between the amount of sperm-associated MIF and the percentage of motility in different semen samples. Sperm separation using discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation shows a higher amount of MIF associated with poorly motile spermatozoa compared to highly motile spermatozoa present in the lower Percoll fraction. These results are discussed with regards to the possible involvement of MIF in sperm motility acquisition during the epididymal transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Frenette
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction and Département d'Obstétrique-Gynécologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
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Sullivan R, Saez F, Girouard J, Frenette G. Role of exosomes in sperm maturation during the transit along the male reproductive tract. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2005; 35:1-10. [PMID: 15893944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2005.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2005] [Accepted: 03/29/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Even tough differentiated spermatozoa are unable of transcriptional or translational activity; the sperm surface undergoes major modifications in macromolecules composition during the transit along the male reproductive tract. This is the result of sequential, well orchestrated interactions between the male reproductive tract secretions and the transiting male gamete. This is particularly true when spermatozoa transit along the epididymis. The epididymis is a long convoluted tubules in which the spermatozoa leaving the testis have to transit. The unraveled epididymal tubule can be as long as 80 m in stallion, and the transit time of spermatozoa is of 3-12 days depending on the species. The epididymis is usually divided in three segments: the caput (proximal part), the corpus, and cauda. While the cauda epididymides acts as a sperm reservoir, the caput and corpus are responsible for sperm maturation. This means that, under androgen control, the epididymal epithelium secretes proteins that will interact sequentially with sperm surface. Some of the sperm proteins acquired during maturation along the excurrent duct behave as integral membrane proteins. In fact, some epididymal originating proteins are glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored to the sperm plasma membrane. Our laboratory has shown that some of these proteins are secreted in an apocrine manner by the epididymal epithelium and are associated to exosomes, called epididymosomes. Epididymosomes are rich in sphingomyelin and are characterized by a high cholesterol/phospholipids ratio. Many proteins are associated to epididymosomes, some of which are selectively transferred to spermatozoa during the epididymal transit. We have identified some of these exosomes associated proteins transferred to the maturing spermatozoa. These include two enzymes involved in the polyol pathway: an aldose reductase and a sorbitol dehydrogenase. A cytokine named MIF (macrophage migration inhibitory factor) is another protein associated to exosomes who is transferred to spermatozoa during the epididymal transit. We hypothesized that both the polyol pathway and MIF secreted in an apocrine fashion by the epididymal epithelium modulate sperm motility during the transit along the male reproductive tract. Finally, P25b, belonging to a family of sperm surface proteins (P26h/P34H) necessary for the binding to the surface of the egg, is also acquired through the interaction between epididymosomes and the male gamete. In vitro studies have defined the conditions of protein transfer when epididymal spermatozoa are co-incubated with epididymosomes. The transfer of selected proteins to specific membrane domains of spermatozoa is saturable, temperature and pH-dependent, being optimal at pH 6.5. The presence of zinc in the incubation medium, but not of calcium neither magnesium, significantly increases the efficiency of protein transfer. These results show that exosomes play a role in sperm epididymal maturation which is an essential event to produce male gametes with optimal fertilizing ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sullivan
- Département d'Obstétrique-Gynécologie, Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Canada.
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Morand EF, Leech M, Iskander MN. Therapeutic opportunities for antagonism of macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2005. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.13.8.1189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Willis MS, Carlson DL, Dimaio JM, White MD, White DJ, Adams GA, Horton JW, Giroir BP. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor mediates late cardiac dysfunction after burn injury. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2004; 288:H795-804. [PMID: 15388499 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00189.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a myocardial depressant protein and that MIF mediates late, prolonged cardiac dysfunction after endotoxin challenge in mice. Because many factors, including endotoxin, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction after burn injury, we tested the hypothesis that MIF might also be the mediator of prolonged cardiac dysfunction in this model. At 4 h after 40% total body surface area burn in anesthetized mice, serum MIF levels increased significantly compared with baseline (2.2-fold). This increase was accompanied by a significant decrease in cardiac tissue MIF levels (2.1-fold decrease compared with controls). This pattern was consistent with MIF release from preformed cytoplasmic stores in the heart and other organs. To determine whether MIF mediates cardiac dysfunction after burn injury, mice were pretreated with anti-MIF neutralizing monoclonal antibodies or isotype control antibodies. Beginning 4 h after burn injury (and continuing through 48 h), burned mice demonstrated a significantly depressed left ventricular shortening fraction of 38.6 +/- 1.8%, compared with the normal controls (56.0 +/- 2.6%). Mice treated with anti-MIF displayed an initial depression of cardiac function similar to nontreated animals but then showed rapid restoration of cardiac function with complete recovery by 24 h, which persisted for the duration of the protocol. This study is the first to demonstrate that MIF mediates late, prolonged cardiac dysfunction after burn injury and suggests that MIF blockade should be considered a therapeutic target for the treatment of burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monte S Willis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas 75390-9063, USA
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Shimizu T, Nishihira J, Watanabe H, Abe R, Ishibashi T, Shimizu H. Cetirizine, an H1-receptor antagonist, suppresses the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor: its potential anti-inflammatory action. Clin Exp Allergy 2004; 34:103-9. [PMID: 14720269 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01836.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND H1-receptor antagonists are often effective in the treatment of allergic disorders such as atopic dermatitis. Cetirizine, a putative H1-receptor antagonist, has recently been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties through the inhibition of leucocyte recruitment and activation, and by the reduction of ICAM-1 expression on keratinocytes. OBJECTIVE To further elucidate the anti-inflammatory properties of cetirizine, we first examined its effects on antigen-induced eosinophilia and neutrophila in vivo. We then examined the anti-inflammatory effects of cetirizine on a human keratinocyte A431cell line. METHODS Mice were sensitized subcutaneously with ragweed pollen and were challenged intraperitoneally with the allergen. Cetirizine diluted in sterile water (0-20 mg/kg) or only sterile water was administered orally. Peritoneal cells were obtained at 8 and 24 h after challenge. The eosinophilia and neutrophilia induced by ragweed pollen extract were quantitated. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) and eotaxin contents of peritoneal fluid were also measured by mouse ELISA. The effects of cetirizine on MIF-induced IL-8 production in A431 cells were examined by ELISA. The effects of cetirizine on MIF expression and production in A431 cells were examined by human MIF ELISA and Northern blot analysis. RESULTS Eosinophilia and neutrophilia induced by ragweed pollen extract were found to be significantly reduced in cetirizine-treated mice (20 mg/kg). MIF, a pleuripotent cytokine, was significantly decreased at 8 and 24 h in the peritoneal fluid by cetirizine treatment. MIP-2 and eotaxin were also decreased 8 and 24 h, respectively, after challenge in the peritoneal fluid with cetirizine treatment. MIF stimulates IL-8 production in A431 cells. We found that MIF production in A431 cells was inhibited by 10 microm cetirizine. Consistent with this, cetirizine significantly inhibited MIF-induced IL-8 production. CONCLUSION These results suggest that cetirizine exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting MIF as well as IL-8 production, such as those involved in inflammatory allergic skin disease, suggesting a broad spectrum of action beyond its mere H1-receptor-antagonistic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shimizu
- Departments of Dermatology Molecular Biochemistry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Shimizu T, Nishihira J, Watanabe H, Abe R, Honda A, Ishibashi T, Shimizu H. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Is Induced by Thrombin and Factor Xa in Endothelial Cells. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:13729-37. [PMID: 14736878 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m400150200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a proinflammatory cytokine, has been shown to play a role in wound-healing processes. In this study, we investigated whether protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1 and PAR-2 mediated MIF expression in human endothelial cells. Thrombin, factor Xa (FXa), and trypsin induced MIF expression in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, but other proteases, including kallikrein and urokinase, failed to do so. Thrombin-induced MIF mRNA expression was significantly reduced by the thrombin-specific inhibitor hirudin. Thrombin receptor activation peptide-6, a synthetic PAR-1 peptide, induced MIF mRNA expression, suggesting that PAR-1 mediates MIF expression in response to thrombin. The effects of FXa were blocked by antithrombin III, but not by hirudin, indicating that FXa might enhance MIF production directly rather than via thrombin stimulation. The synthetic PAR-2 peptide SLIGRL-NH(2) induced MIF mRNA expression, showing that PAR-2 mediated MIF expression in response to FXa. Concerning the signal transduction, a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor (PD98089) and a nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB inhibitor (SN50) suppressed the up-regulation of MIF mRNA in response to thrombin, FXa, and PAR-2 agonist stimulation, whereas a p38 inhibitor (SB203580) had little effect. These facts indicate that up-regulation of MIF by thrombin or FXa is regulated by p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent pathways and NF-kappaB-dependent pathways. Moreover, we found that PAR-1 and PAR-2 mRNA expression in endothelial cells was enhanced by MIF. Furthermore, we examined the inflammatory response induced by PAR-1 and PAR-2 agonists injected into the mouse footpad. As shown by footpad thickness, an indicator of inflammation, MIF-deficient mice (C57BL/6) were much less sensitive to either PAR-1 or PAR-2 agonists than wild-type mice. Taken together, these results suggest that MIF contributes to the inflammatory phase of the wound healing process in concert with thrombin and FXa via PAR-1 and PAR-2.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
- Factor Xa/pharmacology
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Hemostatics/pharmacology
- Humans
- Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors/genetics
- Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Receptor, PAR-1/genetics
- Receptor, PAR-1/metabolism
- Receptor, PAR-2/agonists
- Receptor, PAR-2/genetics
- Receptor, PAR-2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Thrombin/pharmacology
- Umbilical Veins/cytology
- Wound Healing/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadamichi Shimizu
- Departments of Dermatology and Molecular Biochemistry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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Watanabe H, Shimizu T, Nishihira J, Abe R, Nakayama T, Taniguchi M, Sabe H, Ishibashi T, Shimizu H. Ultraviolet A-induced Production of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Is Mediated by Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:1676-83. [PMID: 14581488 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m303650200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are thought to be responsible for dermal photoaging in human skin. In the present study, we evaluated the involvement of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in MMP-1 expression under ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. UVA (20 J/cm(2)) up-regulates MIF production, and UVA-induced MMP-1 mRNA production is inhibited by an anti-MIF antibody. MIF (100 ng/ml) was shown to induce MMP-1 in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. We found that MIF (100 ng/ml) enhanced MMP-1 activity in cultured fibroblasts assessed by zymography. Moreover, we observed that fibroblasts obtained from MIF-deficient mice were much less sensitive to UVA regarding MMP-13 expression than those from wild-type BALB/c mice. Furthermore, after UVA irradiation (10 J/cm(2)), dermal fibroblasts of MIF-deficient mice produced significantly decreased levels of MMP-13 compared with fibroblasts of wild-type mice. Next we investigated the signal transduction pathway of MIF. The up-regulation of MMP-1 mRNA by MIF stimulation was found to be inhibited by a PKC inhibitor (GF109203X), a Src-family tyrosine kinase inhibitor (herbimycin A), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (genistein), a PKA inhibitor (H89), a MEK inhibitor (PD98089), and a JNK inhibitor (SP600125). In contrast, the p38 inhibitor (SB203580) was found to have little effect on expression of MMP-1 mRNA. We found that PKC-pan, PKC alpha/beta II, PKC delta (Thr505), PKC delta (Ser(643)), Raf, and MAPK were phosphorylated by MIF. Moreover, we demonstrated that phosphorylation of PKC alpha/beta II and MAPK in response to MIF was suppressed by genistein, and herbimycin A as well as by transfection of the plasmid of C-terminal Src kinase. The DNA binding activity of AP-1 was significantly up-regulated 2 h after MIF stimulation. Taken together, these results suggest that MIF is involved in the up-regulation of UVA-induced MMP-1 in dermal fibroblasts through PKC-, PKA-, Src family tyrosine kinase-, MAPK-, c-Jun-, and AP-1-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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Jose MD, David JR, Atkins RC, Chadban SJ. Blockade of macrophage migration inhibitory factor does not prevent acute renal allograft rejection. Am J Transplant 2003; 3:1099-106. [PMID: 12919089 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-6143.2003.00188.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory molecule involved in cell-mediated immunity and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). We inhibited systemic and local MIF production to determine its contribution to acute rejection (AR). Skin DTH response and acute rejection of skin and kidney allografts were examined using MIF gene knockout (MIF -/-) and wild-type mice (MIF +/+) with anti-MIF or control antibody. MIF-Ab reduced skin DTH by 60% (p < 0.01), but absence of the MIF gene (MIF -/-) had no effect. Local absence of MIF had no effect on the survival of skin grafted onto BALB/c recipients. Similarly MIF +/+ and MIF -/- kidneys transplanted into BALB/c recipients showed a similar degree of histological rejection, graft dysfunction and cellular infiltrate suggesting that AR is not dependent on local MIF production. To investigate the influence of systemic MIF, BALB/c donor skin was grafted onto MIF +/+ and MIF -/- mice. The tempo of AR was not altered by systemic absence of MIF (MIF-Ab or MIF -/-). BALB/c kidneys transplanted into MIF +/+ (with or without MIF-Ab) and MIF -/- mice showed similar parameters of rejection. MIF blockade reduces the DTH response; however, neither local nor systemic MIF are required for the rejection of fully mismatched skin and renal allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Jose
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Monash University, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
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Vera PL, Meyer-Siegler KL. Anatomical location of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in urogenital tissues, peripheral ganglia and lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat. BMC Neurosci 2003; 4:17. [PMID: 12908877 PMCID: PMC184455 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-4-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2003] [Accepted: 08/08/2003] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work suggested that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) may be involved in bladder inflammation. Therefore, the location of MIF was determined immunohistochemically in the bladder, prostate, major pelvic ganglia, sympathetic chain, the L6-S1 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat. RESULTS In the pelvic organs, MIF immunostaining was prominent in the epithelia. MIF was widely present in neurons in the MPG and the sympathetic chain. Some of those neurons also co-localized tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). In the DRGs, some of the neurons that stained for MIF also stained for Substance P. In the lumbosacral spinal cord, MIF immunostaining was observed in the white mater, the dorsal horn, the intermediolateral region and in the area around the central canal. Many cells were intensely stained for MIF and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) suggesting they were glial cells. However, some cells in the lumbosacral dorsal horn were MIF positive, GFAP negative cells suggestive of neurons. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, MIF, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is localized to pelvic organs and also in neurons of the peripheral and central nervous tissues that innervate those organs. Changes in MIF's expression at the end organ and at peripheral and central nervous system sites suggest that MIF is involved in pelvic viscera inflammation and may act at several levels to promote inflammatory changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro L Vera
- Research & Development (151), Bay Pines VA Medical Center, Bay Pines, FL 33744, USA
- Department of Surgery, Urology Division, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. 33612, USA
| | - Katherine L Meyer-Siegler
- Research & Development (151), Bay Pines VA Medical Center, Bay Pines, FL 33744, USA
- Department of Surgery, Urology Division, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. 33612, USA
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