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Akinmurele OJ, Sonibare MA, Elujoba AA, Ogunlakin AD, Yeye OE, Gyebi GA, Ojo OA, Alanzi AR. Antispasmodic Effect of Alstonia boonei De Wild. and Its Constituents: Ex Vivo and In Silico Approaches. Molecules 2023; 28:7069. [PMID: 37894548 PMCID: PMC10609272 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alstonia boonei, belonging to the family Apocynaceae, is one of the best-known medicinal plants in Africa and Asia. Stem back preparations are traditionally used as muscle relaxants. This study investigated the antispasmodic properties of Alstonia boonei Stem back and its constituents. METHOD The freeze-dried aqueous Stem back extract of A. boonei, as well as dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions, were evaluated for their antispasmodic effect via the ex vivo method. Two compounds were isolated from the DCM fraction using chromatographic techniques, and their antispasmodic activity was evaluated. An in silico study was conducted by evaluating the interaction of isolated compounds with human PPARgamma-LBD and human carbonic anhydrase isozyme. RESULTS The Stem back crude extract, DCM, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions showed antispasmodic activity on high-potassium-induced (K+ 80 mM) contractions on isolated rat ileum with IC50 values of 0.03 ± 0.20, 0.02 ± 0.05, 0.03 ± 0.14, and 0.90 ± 0.06 mg/mL, respectively. The isolated compounds from the DCM fraction were β-amyrin and boonein, with only boonein exhibiting antispasmodic activity on both high-potassium-induced (IC50 = 0.09 ± 0.01 µg/mL) and spontaneous (0.29 ± 0.05 µg/mL) contractions. However, β-amyrin had a stronger interaction with the two proteins during the simulation. CONCLUSION The isolated compounds boonein and β-amyrin could serve as starting materials for the development of antispasmodic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi Josephine Akinmurele
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Elele 512101, Nigeria;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria
- Comsat International Institute of Technology (CIIT), Abbotabad 22020, Pakistan
| | - Mubo Adeola Sonibare
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria
| | - Anthony A. Elujoba
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220101, Nigeria;
| | - Akingbolabo Daniel Ogunlakin
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo 232101, Nigeria;
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Oloruntoba Emmanuel Yeye
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria
| | - Gideon Ampoma Gyebi
- Natural products and Structural (Bio-Chem)-Informatics Research Laboratory (NpsBC-RI), Department of Biochemistry, Bingham University, Karu 961105, Nigeria;
| | - Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo 232101, Nigeria;
| | - Abdullah R. Alanzi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 12271, Saudi Arabia;
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Randjelović M, Branković S, Jovanović M, Kitić N, Živanović S, Mihajilov-Krstev T, Miladinović B, Milutinović M, Kitić D. An In Vitro and In Silico Characterization of Salvia sclarea L. Methanolic Extracts as Spasmolytic Agents. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051376. [PMID: 37242618 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of medicinal plant species and their products is widespread in the field of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the traditional use of Salvia sclarea L., clary sage, finding the possible mechanisms of its spasmolytic and bronchodilator actions in in vitro conditions supported by molecular docking analysis, along with the antimicrobial effects. Four dry extracts were prepared from the aerial parts of S. sclarea, using absolute or 80% (v/v) methanol by the method of a single-stage maceration or an ultrasound-assisted extraction. Characterization of the bioactive compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography indicated the presence of significant amounts of polyphenolics, with rosmarinic acid as the prevalent one. The spontaneous ileal contractions were best inhibited by the extract prepared with 80% methanol and maceration. The same extract was superior in the carbachol- and KCl-induced tracheal smooth muscle contractions, being the strongest bronchodilator agent. The most powerful relaxation of KCl-induced ileal contractions was achieved with the extract made of absolute methanol by maceration, while the 80% methanolic extract made with the ultrasound method generated the best spasmolytic effects in the acetylcholine-induced ileal contractions. Docking analysis suggested that apigenin-7-O-glucoside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside exhibited the highest binding affinity to voltage-gated calcium channels. Gram (+) bacteria were more susceptible to the effects of the extracts, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, in contrast to Gram (-) bacteria and Candida albicans. This is the first study to point out the influence of S. sclarea methanolic extracts on the gastrointestinal and respiratory spasm reduction, paving the way for their potential place in complementary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Randjelović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. Dr Zorana Djindjića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Suzana Branković
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. Dr Zorana Djindjića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Miloš Jovanović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. Dr Zorana Djindjića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Kitić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. Dr Zorana Djindjića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Slavoljub Živanović
- Research Center for Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. Dr Zorana Djindjića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Mihajilov-Krstev
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Nis, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Bojana Miladinović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. Dr Zorana Djindjića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Milica Milutinović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. Dr Zorana Djindjića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Dušanka Kitić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. Dr Zorana Djindjića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia
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Zainab, Yu H, Rehman NU, Ali M, Alam A, Latif A, Shahab N, Amir Khan I, Jabbar Shah A, Khan M, Al-Ghafri A, Al-Harrasi A, Ahmad M. Novel Polyhydroquinoline-Hydrazide-Linked Schiff's Base Derivatives: Multistep Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Calcium-Channel-Blocking Activities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1568. [PMID: 36358223 PMCID: PMC9686546 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroquinoline (PHQ) are the unsymmetrical Hantzsch derivatives of 1,4-dihydropyridines with several biological applications. In this work, twenty-five (3-27) new Schiff's base derivatives of polyhydroquinoline hydrazide were synthesized in excellent to good yields by a multi-component reaction. The structures of the synthesized products (1-27) were deduced with the help of spectroscopic techniques, such as 1H-, 13C -NMR, and HR-ESI-MS. The synthesized products (1-27) were tested for their antibacterial and in vitro calcium -channel-blocking (CCB) potentials using the agar-well diffusion method, and isolated rat aortic ring preparations, respectively. Among the series, sixteen compounds were found to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. Among them, compound 17 was observed to be the most potent one at a dose 2 µg/mL, with an 18 mm zone of inhibition against both bacteria when it was compared with the standard drug amoxicillin. Eight compounds showed CCB activity of variable potency; in particular, compound 27 was more potent, with an EC50 value of 0.7 (0.3-1.1) µg/mL, indicating their CCB effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
| | - Haitao Yu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Mumtaz Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Latif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Shahab
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Engineering Center for Hierarchical Catalysis, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Irfan Amir Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jabbar Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Momin Khan
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Al-Ghafri
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
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De Jesus O, Sánchez Jiménez J, Vicenty JC. Potential Association Between Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (Ogilvie Syndrome) and Oral Nimodipine: Report of Two Cases. Cureus 2022; 14:e28039. [PMID: 36120238 PMCID: PMC9473727 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nimodipine is a calcium channel blocker used for the management of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Oral nimodipine has been rarely implicated in the development of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie syndrome) in patients treated for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Nimodipine inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions which are essential for the excitation-contraction coupling process of smooth muscle cells. We thought this mechanism of action could predispose patients to develop Ogilvie syndrome. This report aimed to examine the existing literature concerning the potential association between Ogilvie syndrome and nimodipine in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. All published cases of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with Ogilvie syndrome were reviewed. We presented two female patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage produced after a ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm who received oral nimodipine and developed Ogilvie syndrome. The patients developed Ogilvie syndrome four to six days after receiving oral nimodipine. These two cases may further support the potential association of Ogilvie syndrome with the use of oral nimodipine during the treatment of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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Khalid A, Abdalla M, Saeed M, Ghayur MN, Kalauni SK, Albratty M, Alhazmi HA, Mesaik MA, Gilani AH, Ul-Haq Z. Sarcorucinine-D Inhibits Cholinesterases and Calcium Channels: Molecular Dynamics Simulation and In Vitro Mechanistic Investigations. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113361. [PMID: 35684298 PMCID: PMC9182202 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors and calcium channel blockers are considered effective therapies for Alzheimer’s disease. AChE plays an essential role in the nervous system by catalyzing the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. In this study, the inhibition of the enzyme AChE by Sarcorucinine-D, a pregnane type steroidal alkaloid, was investigated with experimental enzyme kinetics and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation techniques. Kinetics studies showed that Sarcorucinine-D inhibits two cholinesterases—AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)—noncompetitively, with Ki values of 103.3 and 4.66 µM, respectively. In silico ligand-protein docking and MD simulation studies conducted on AChE predicted that Sarcorucinine-D interacted via hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds with the residues of the active-site gorge of AChE. Sarcorucinine-D was able to relax contractility concentration-dependently in the intestinal smooth muscles of jejunum obtained from rabbits. Not only was the spontaneous spasmogenicity inhibited, but it also suppressed K+-mediated spasmogenicity, indicating an effect via the inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Sarcorucinine-D could be considered a potential lead molecule based on its properties as a noncompetitive AChE inhibitor and a Ca2+ channel blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box 2424, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Maria Saeed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research, University of Karachi, Karachi 75530, Pakistan; (M.S.); (Z.U.-H.)
| | - Muhammad Nabeel Ghayur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pikeville, Pikeville, KY 41501, USA;
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan;
| | - Surya Kant Kalauni
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur 44618, Nepal;
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Ahmed Mesaik
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Anwarul Hassan Gilani
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan;
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research, University of Karachi, Karachi 75530, Pakistan; (M.S.); (Z.U.-H.)
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Li KX, Wang ZC, Machuki JO, Li MZ, Wu YJ, Niu MK, Yu KY, Lu QB, Sun HJ. Benefits of Curcumin in the Vasculature: A Therapeutic Candidate for Vascular Remodeling in Arterial Hypertension and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension? Front Physiol 2022; 13:848867. [PMID: 35530510 PMCID: PMC9075737 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.848867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that hypertension is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality since uncontrolled high blood pressure increases the risk of myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, hemorrhagic stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Impaired vascular homeostasis plays a critical role in the development of hypertension-induced vascular remodeling. Abnormal behaviors of vascular cells are not only a pathological hallmark of hypertensive vascular remodeling, but also an important pathological basis for maintaining reduced vascular compliance in hypertension. Targeting vascular remodeling represents a novel therapeutic approach in hypertension and its cardiovascular complications. Phytochemicals are emerging as candidates with therapeutic effects on numerous pathologies, including hypertension. An increasing number of studies have found that curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from dietary spice turmeric, holds a broad spectrum of pharmacological actions, such as antiplatelet, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiangiogenic effects. Curcumin has been shown to prevent or treat vascular remodeling in hypertensive rodents by modulating various signaling pathways. In the present review, we attempt to focus on the current findings and molecular mechanisms of curcumin in the treatment of hypertensive vascular remodeling. In particular, adverse and inconsistent effects of curcumin, as well as some favorable pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics profiles in arterial hypertension will be discussed. Moreover, the recent progress in the preparation of nano-curcumins and their therapeutic potential in hypertension will be briefly recapped. The future research directions and challenges of curcumin in hypertension-related vascular remodeling are also proposed. It is foreseeable that curcumin is likely to be a therapeutic agent for hypertension and vascular remodeling going forwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xue Li
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zi-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Meng-Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming-Kai Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kang-Ying Yu
- Nursing School of Wuxi Taihu University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qing-Bo Lu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Malik S, Odeyemi S, Pereira GC, Freitas LMD, Abdul-Hamid H, Atabaki N, Makhzoum A, Almeida EBD, Dewar J, Abiri R. New insights into the biotechnology and therapeutic potential of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex P. Wilson. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2021.1936667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Malik
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Laboratoire De Biologie Des Ligneux Et Des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), University of Orléans, Orleans, France
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological & Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Samuel Odeyemi
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Glaucia C. Pereira
- Biotechnology, Icelandic Institute for Intelligent Machines, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Computer Sciences, Polytechnic Institute, University Autonoma of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Luciano Mamede de Freitas
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Laboratoire De Biologie Des Ligneux Et Des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), University of Orléans, Orleans, France
- Laboratory of Botanical Studies, Department of Biology, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Hazandy Abdul-Hamid
- Department of Forestry Science and Biodiversity, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Bioresource Management, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Narges Atabaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Makhzoum
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Eduardo Bezerra de Almeida
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological & Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, Brazil
- Laboratory of Botanical Studies, Department of Biology, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - John Dewar
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Rambod Abiri
- Department of Forestry Science and Biodiversity, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Saqib F, Janbaz KH. Ethnopharmacological basis for folkloric claims of Anagallis arvensis Linn. (Scarlet Pimpernel) as prokinetic, spasmolytic and hypotensive in province of Punjab, Pakistan. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113634. [PMID: 33246113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The conventional naturopaths of Punjab Province (Pakistan) have trivial usage of Anagallis arvensis Linn.(Primulaceae) for cure of diarrhea, constipation, asthma as well as hypertension. AIM Present research was focused to discover comprehensive mechanism of spasmogenic, spasmolytic, bronchorelaxant and hypotensive folkloric usage of Anagallis arvensis Linn.. METHODOLOGY The crude extract of Anagallis arvensis Linn. (Aa.Cr) & its (aqueous & organic) portions tested in-vitro on isolated jejunum, ileum, trachea, aorta, paired atria preparations as well as in-vivo in mice & normotensive anaesthetized rats. The responses have been noted by transducers (isotonic & isometric) coupled to Power Lab. RESULT Anagallis arvensis Linn. (Aa.Cr; crude aqueous-alcoholic extract) produced contractile action at low concentrations but relaxant action was observed by increasing concentrations on spontaneous contractions of isolated jejunum of rabbit. But, pre-treatment of tissue with atropine prior extract caused suppression of contractile effect indicating presence of cholinergic muscarinic response of Aa.Cr. It also triggered relaxation of high Potassium -stimulated contractions of jejunum with subsequent non-parallel right move in Ca++ CRCs. Moreover, Aa.Cr relaxed carbachol - & high Potassium - stimulated contractions in trachea of rabbit but observed relaxant effect was powerful against CCh (1 μM)- stimulated contractions with rightside parallel move of CCh-curves succeeded by non-parallel move, like Dicyclomine, having dual activities. The Aa.Cr also showed relaxant result on Phenylephrine and High Potassium -prompted contractions in endothelium intact aorta. The fractionation revealed segregations of contractile & relaxant effects in relevant aqueous & organic portions. The Intravenous administration of Aa.Cr to ketamine-diazepam anaesthetized normo-tensive albino rats resulted in decreased MABP, SBP & DBP. The Aa.Cr applied negative (-) inotropic & chronotropic action on paired atria. The Aa.Cr also exhibited anti-diarrheal action in mice against castor oil prompted diarrhea and also mitigated distance covered by charcoal meal in gastrointestinal tract in a manner comparable with loperamide. CONCLUSION These results revealed presence of CCB and selective muscarinic agonist activity in Aa.Cr, hence validating folkloric practice of Anagallis arvensis Linn. in diarrhea, constipation, asthma & hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Saqib
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
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Sousa‐Brito HL, Arruda‐Barbosa L, Vasconcelos‐Silva AA, Gonzaga‐Costa K, Duarte GP, Borges RS, Magalhães PJC, Lahlou S. Vasorelaxant effect of trans‐4‐chloro‐β‐nitrostyrene, a synthetic nitroderivative, in rat thoracic aorta. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 35:331-340. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Loeste Arruda‐Barbosa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology School of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | | | - Karoline Gonzaga‐Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology School of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | - Gloria Pinto Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | | | | | - Saad Lahlou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology School of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
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Endothelium-Independent Vasodilatory Effect of Sailuotong (SLT) on Rat Isolated Tail Artery. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8125805. [PMID: 33029174 PMCID: PMC7527950 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8125805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Sailuotong (SLT) is a standardized three-herb formulation consisting of extracts of Panax ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, and Crocus sativus for the treatment of vascular dementia (VaD). Although SLT has been shown to increase cerebral blood flow, the direct effects of SLT on vascular reactivity have not been explored. This study aims to examine the vasodilatory effects of SLT and the underlying mechanisms in rat isolated tail artery. Methods Male (250-300 g) Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat tail artery was isolated for isometric tension measurement. The effects of SLT on the influx of calcium through the cell membrane calcium channels were determined in Ca2+-free solution experiments. Results SLT (0.1-5,000 μg/ml) caused a concentration-dependent relaxation in rat isolated tail artery precontracted by phenylephrine. In the contraction experiments, SLT (500, 1,000, and 5,000 μg/mL) significantly inhibited phenylephrine (0.001 to 10 μM)- and KCl (10-80 mM)-induced contraction, in a concentration-dependent manner. In Ca2+-free solution, SLT (500, 1,000, and 5,000 μg/mL) markedly suppressed Ca2+-induced (0.001-3 mM) vasoconstriction in a concentration-dependent manner in both phenylephrine (10 μM) or KCl (80 mM) stimulated tail arteries. L-type calcium channel blocker nifedipine (10 μM) inhibited PE-induced contraction. Furthermore, SLT significantly reduced phenylephrine-induced transient vasoconstriction in the rat isolated tail artery. Conclusion SLT induces relaxation of rat isolated tail artery through endothelium-independent mechanisms. The SLT-induced vasodilatation appeared to be jointly meditated by blockages of extracellular Ca2+ influx via receptor-gated and voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and inhibition of the release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
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Tew WY, Tan CS, Asmawi MZ, Yam MF. Underlying mechanism of vasorelaxant effect exerted by 3,5,7,2',4'-pentahydroxyflavone in rats aortic ring. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 880:173123. [PMID: 32335091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Morin (3,5,7,2',4'-pentahydroxyflavone) is a yellow coloured natural flavonoid found in plants of the Moraceae family. This favonoid is easily sources from readily available fruits, vegetables and eve certain beverages. Among the sources that was identified, it is clear that morin is most abundantly found in almond, old fustic, Indian guava, and Osage orange. Multiple studies have suggested that morin has multiple therapeutic actions and possess potential to be a functional potent drug. Previous studies demonstrated that morin is capable of resolving deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-induced hypertension and possess strong vasorelaxant properties. However, the exact mechanisms remains unknown. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the in vitro mechanism of morin-induced vasorelaxant effects. The underlying mechanisms of morin's vasorelaxant activities were evaluated on thoracic aortic rings isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats. Results from the study demonstrated morin causing vasodilatory reaction in phenylephrine and potassium chloride pre-contracted endothelium-intact aortic rings with the effect being significantly affected in endothelium-denuded aortic rings. Pre-incubation of the aortic rings with ODQ (selective cGMP-independent sGC inhibitor), indomethacin (nonselective COX inhibitor), L-NAME (endothelial nitric oxide inhibitor), propranolol (β2-adrenegic receptors blocker), and atropine (muscarinic receptors blocker) significantly reduced the vasorelaxant effect of morin. It was also found to be able to reduce the intracellular calcium level by blocking VOCC and calcium intake from the extracellular environment and the intracellular release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The present study showed that the vasorelaxant effect of morin potentially involves the NO/sGC, muscarinic receptors, β2-adrenegic receptors, and calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Yin Tew
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Chu Shan Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zaini Asmawi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mun Fei Yam
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.
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Imtiaz SM, Aleem A, Saqib F, Ormenisan AN, Elena Neculau A, Anastasiu CV. The Potential Involvement of an ATP-Dependent Potassium Channel-Opening Mechanism in the Smooth Muscle Relaxant Properties of Tamarix dioica Roxb. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9110722. [PMID: 31717691 PMCID: PMC6920928 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tamarix dioica is traditionally used to manage various disorders related to smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems. This study was planned to establish a pharmacological basis for the uses of Tamarix dioica in certain medical conditions related to the digestive, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems, and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods: A phytochemical study was performed by preliminary methods, followed by HPLC-DAD and spectrometric methods. In vivo evaluation of a crude hydromethanolic extract of T. dioica (TdCr) was done with a castor-oil-provoked diarrheal model in rats to determine its antidiarrheal effect. Ex vivo experiments were done by using isolated tissues to determine the effects on smooth and cardiac muscles and explore the possible mechanisms. Results: TdCr tested positive for flavonoids, saponins, phenols, and tannins as methanolic solvable constituents in a preliminary study. The maximum quantity of gallic acid equivalent (GAE), phenolic, and quercetin equivalent (QE) flavonoid content found was 146 ± 0.001 μg GAE/mg extract and 36.17 ± 2.35 μg QE/mg extract. Quantification based on HPLC-DAD (reverse phase) exposed the presence of rutin at the highest concentration, followed by catechin, gallic acid, myricetin, kaempferol, and apigenin in TdCr. In vivo experiments showed the significant antidiarrheal effect of TdCr (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) in the diarrheal (castor-oil-provoked) model. Ex vivo experiments revealed spasmolytic, bronchodilatory, and vasorelaxant activities as well as partial cardiac depressant activity, which may be potentiated by a potassium channel opener mechanism, similar to that of cromakalim. The potassium channel (KATP channel)-opening activity was further confirmed by repeating the experiments in glibenclamide-pretreated tissues. Conclusions: In vivo and ex vivo studies of T. dioica provided evidence of the antidiarrheal, spasmolytic, bronchodilator, vasorelaxant, and partial cardiodepressant properties facilitated through the opening of the KATP channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Madiha Imtiaz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (S.M.I.); (A.A.); (F.S.)
| | - Ambreen Aleem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (S.M.I.); (A.A.); (F.S.)
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (S.M.I.); (A.A.); (F.S.)
| | - Alexe Nicolae Ormenisan
- Department of Engineering and Management of Food and Tourism, Faculty of Tourism, Transilvania University, Brasov 500036, Romania;
| | - Andrea Elena Neculau
- Department of Fundamental, Prophylactical and Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University, Brasov 500019, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-268-412-185
| | - Costin Vlad Anastasiu
- Department of Surgical and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University, Brasov 500019, Romania;
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Activation of Cav1.2 and BKCa is involved in the downregulation of caffeine-induced contraction in mice mesenteric arteries. Life Sci 2019; 231:116555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Alam F, Shah AJ. Butyrlycholine esterase inhibitory activity and effects of extracts (fruit, bark and leaf) from Zanthoxylum armatum DC in gut, airways and vascular smooth muscles. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:180. [PMID: 31331314 PMCID: PMC6647253 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2597-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit, bark and leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum DC are popular remedies for gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and respiratory disorders in the subcontinent traditional practices. The aim of the study was to individually probe the profile of methanol extracts from three different parts of Zanthoxylum armatum. METHODS The ex-vivo muscle relaxant effects of extracts were assessed in the isolated intestine, trachea and thoracic aortic rings and were compared with the positive controls and CRC were constructed. The anti-diarrheal effect of extracts was evaluated in mice by inducing diarrhea with castor oil. The extracts were also studied for acute toxicity and butyrylcholine esterase inhibition. RESULTS The extracts from fruit, bark and leaves of Z. armatum showed inhibitory effect against the butyrylcholine esterase enzyme with percent inhibition of 50.75 ± 1.23, 82.57 ± 1.33, and 37.52 ± 1.11respectively, compared to standard serine (IC50: 0.04 ± 0.001 μmol/L). The fruit and bark extracts provided 75, and 52% diarrheal protection, compared to verapamil (96%). In isolated rabbit jejunum strips, increasing addition of the extracts inhibited the spontaneous and high K+ precontractions with EC50 values of 0.71 and 3 mg/mL for fruit, EC50 values of 0.61 and 0.5 mg/mL for bark, EC50 0.81 and 3.1 mg/mL for leaves, like verapamil. The extracts induced a concentration-dependent relaxation of the carbachol (1 μM) and high K+ (80 mM) precontractions with EC50 values of 2.4 and 0.9 mg/mL for fruit, EC50 values of 1.2 and 3 for leaves. The bark extract was equipotent against both contractions with EC50 3.1 and 0.7 mg/mL, respectively. In the aortic rings, the fruit extract completely relaxed the phenylephrine (1 μM)-induced contractions with (EC50 value = 0.8 mg/ml) and a partial inhibition of high K+ induced contractions. The leaves extract completely relaxed the aortic contractions with (EC50 values = 1.0 and 8.5 mg/ml). The extracts caused no acute toxicity up to 3 g/kg dose. CONCLUSIONS The experiments revealed that the extracts of aerial parts of Z. armatum have antidiarrheal properties in vivo and showed spasmolytic effect in intestinal and tracheal preparations with possible mechanism involving the blockage of Ca++ channels. These experiments provide enough justification for use of this plant in ethnomedicine in diarrhea, gut and bronchial spasms.
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Morais ICPDS, Moura IJL, Sabino CKB, Nicolau LAD, Souza FDM, Silva-Filho JCD, Oliveira RDCM, Medeiros JVR, Lima SGD, Oliveira APD. Cardiovascular Effect of Diosgenin in Ovariectomized Rats. J Med Food 2019; 22:248-256. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aldeidia Pereira de Oliveira
- Medicinal Plants Research Center-PI, Terezina, Piauí, Brazil
- Federal University of Piauí, Terezina, Piauí, Brazil
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Makrane H, Aziz M, Berrabah M, Mekhfi H, Ziyyat A, Bnouham M, Legssyer A, Elombo FK, Gressier B, Eto B. Myorelaxant Activity of essential oil from Origanum majorana L. on rat and rabbit. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 228:40-49. [PMID: 30205180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Origanum majorana L. (Lamiaceae) was usually used in Moroccan folk medicine to treat infantile colic and abdominal discomfort. MATERIALS AND METHODS The essential oil from the aerial part of the dry Origanum majorana L. (EOOM) was obtained through hydro distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The effect of EOOM on muscle relaxation was measured on rabbit and rat intestinal smooth muscle mounted in an isotonic transducer. RESULTS 1) The main compounds obtained from the aqueous extract of this plant were alpha Terpineol, L-terpinen-4-ol and Beta.-Linalool. 2) EOOM inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner spontaneous contraction of rabbit jejunum, with an IC50 = 64.08 ± 2.42 μg/mL. 3) In rat intestine, EOOM induced the relaxation of the tissue in concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 = 39.70 ± 2.29 μg/mL when the tissue was pre-contracted with CCh 10-6 M, and 48.70 ± 2.26 μg/mL when the tissue was pre-contracted with 25 mM KCl. 4) The relaxation effect induced by EOOM was more important than that obtained in the presence of atropine, hexamethonium, Nifedipine, L-NAME and Blue of methylene. CONCLUSION the present result indicates that essential oil of Origanum majorana L. exhibit an effect on intestinal relaxation in vitro. This effect further validates the traditional use of Origanum majorana L. to treat infantile colic and abdominal discomfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Makrane
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed the First University, PB 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Aziz
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed the First University, PB 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Berrabah
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Mineral and Analytical Solid, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed the First University, PB 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Hassane Mekhfi
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed the First University, PB 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Ziyyat
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed the First University, PB 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed the First University, PB 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abdelkhaleq Legssyer
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed the First University, PB 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Ferdinand Kouoh Elombo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Lille, France; Laboratoires TBC, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Lille, France
| | - Bernard Gressier
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Lille, France
| | - Bruno Eto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Lille, France; Laboratoires TBC, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Lille, France.
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8-Oxo-9-Dihydromakomakine Isolated from Aristotelia chilensis Induces Vasodilation in Rat Aorta: Role of the Extracellular Calcium Influx. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23113050. [PMID: 30469451 PMCID: PMC6278248 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23113050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
8-Oxo-9-dihydromakomakine is a tetracyclic indole alkaloid extracted from leaves of the Chilean tree Aristotelia chilensis. The present study investigated the effects of this alkaloid on vascular response in tissues isolated from aortic segments obtained from normotensive rats. Our results showed that 8-oxo-9-dihydromakomakine induced a dose-dependent relaxation of aortic rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine (PE; 10−6 M). The vasorelaxation induced by 8-oxo-9-dihydromakomakine in rat aortic rings is independent of endothelium. The pre-incubation of aortic rings with 8-oxo-9-dehydromakomakine (10−4 M) significantly reduced the contractile response to KCl (p < 0.001) more than PE (p < 0.05). The highest dose of 8-oxo-9-dehydromakomakine (10−4 M) drastically reduced the contraction to KCl (6·10−2 M), but after that, PE (10−6 M) caused contraction (p < 0.05) in the same aortic rings. The addition of 8-oxo-9-dihydromakomakine (10−5 M) decreased the contractile response to tetraethylammonium (a voltage-dependent potassium channels blocker; TEA; 5 × 10−3 M; p < 0.01) and BaCl2 (a non-selective inward rectifier potassium channel blocker; 5 × 10−3 M; p < 0.001) in rat aorta. 8-oxo-9-dihydromakomakine (10−5 M) decreased the contractile response to PE in rat aorta in the presence or absence of ouabain (an inhibitor of Na,K-ATPase; 10−3 M; p < 0.05). These results could indicate that 8-oxo-9-dihydromakomakine partially reduces plasma membrane depolarization-induced contraction. In aortic rings depolarized by PE, 8-oxo-9-dihydromakomakine inhibited the contraction induced by the influx of extracellular Ca2+ in a Ca2+ free solution (p < 0.01). 8-oxo-9-dihydromakomakine reduced the contractile response to agonists of voltage-dependent calcium channels type L (Bay K6844; 10−8 M; p < 0.01), likely decreasing the influx of extracellular Ca2+ through the voltage-dependent calcium channels. This study provides the first qualitative analysis indicating that traditional folk medicine Aristotelia chilensis may be protective in the treatment of cardiovascular pathologies.
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Saqib F, Hassan S, Imran I, Aleem A, Janbaz KH. Pharmacological effects of Cnicus arvensis on the gastrointestinal system. BANGL J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v13i1.32905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
<p class="Abstract">The current study was conducted to screen the possible pharmacological activity of Cnicus arvensis on the gastrointestinal system. The methanolic extract exerted concentration-dependent (0.01–3.0 mg/mL) spasmolytic effect using isolated tissue preparations of rabbit jejunum and caused relaxation of K<sup>+</sup>(80 mM)-induced spastic contractions. There was non-parallel shift in Ca<sup>++ </sup>concentration response curves towards right at tissue bath concentrations of 0.3 and 1.0 mg/mL. The solvent-solvents fractionation revealed domination of spasmolytic effects in petroleum ether fraction as compared to aqueous fraction. The methanolic extract also found to reduce the retching in chicks at 150 mg/kg as compared to chlorpromazine. The methanolic crude extract also found to reduce the number of wet spots using castor oil-induced diarrhea in rat as compare to loperamide. Our results reflected the presence of Ca<sup>++</sup> channel blocking activity in methanolic extract, thus rationalizing the medicinal use of C. arvensis in diarrhea and vomiting.</p>
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Lanuzza F, Occhiuto F, Monforte MT, Tripodo MM, D'Angelo V, Galati EM. Antioxidant Phytochemicals of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Cladodes with Potential Anti-spasmodic Activity. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:S424-S429. [PMID: 29142394 PMCID: PMC5669077 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_495_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae), a plant widespread in dry regions of the world, shows interesting biological activities (cicatrizant, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, and hypolipidemic) and is widely used in traditional medicine. Objectives Phytochemical analysis and antispasmodic effect of wild OFI cladodes were carried out. Material and Methods Polyphenols and Vitamin E occurrence, in antioxidant pool of OFI cladodes, were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The antispasmodic effect of OFI cladodes was assessed in isolated rabbit smooth muscle tissues. The experiments were carried out with preparations of rabbit jejunum and uterus with the spontaneous contractile activity, to evaluate the effect of cumulative concentrations of the extract on basal tone, amplitude, and frequency of contractions. Results Catechin, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin and chlorogenic, ferulic, and p-coumaric acid were identified. α-, β-, and γ-tocopherols have been highlighted and α-tocopherol is the major component. OFI cladodes contain significant amount of polyphenols and tocopherols that are effective radical scavengers and inhibited ethanol 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl formation by 50%. OFI cladodes caused a light inhibition of amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions and a marked decrease in muscle basal tone of rabbit jejunum preparations. On spontaneously contracting uterus preparations, the addition of increasing concentrations of cladode extract caused uterine muscle relaxation. Conclusion The contraction of smooth muscle preparations depends on an increase in cytoplasmic free calcium ion concentration, which activates the contractile elements. The flavonoids may suppress the contractility of smooth myocytes, by an inhibition of availability of Ca2+ for muscle contraction. SUMMARY Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) cladodes contain significant amount of polyphenols and tocopherols that are effective radical scavengers and inhibited ethanol 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl formation by 50%Polyphenols and Vitamin E complex occurrence in OFI cladodes were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatographyOFI cladodes exhibited significative antispasmodic activity. The antispasmodic effect was assessed in isolated rabbit smooth muscle tissues. The experiments were carried out with preparations of rabbit jejunum and uterus with the spontaneous contractile activity, to evaluate the effect of cumulative concentrations of the extract on basal tone, amplitude, and frequency of contractions. Abbreviations used: OFI: Opuntia ficus-indica, DPPH: Ethanol 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lanuzza
- Department of Economics, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Occhiuto
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Monforte
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Marcella Tripodo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria D'Angelo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Galati
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
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Teófilo TM, Arruda-Barbosa L, Rodrigues-Silva JM, Vale JKL, Borges RS, Duarte GP, Magalhães PJC, Lahlou S. Mechanism of the vasorelaxant effect induced by trans-4-methyl-β-nitrostyrene, a synthetic nitroderivative, in rat thoracic aorta. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 44:787-794. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylena Maria Teófilo
- School of Medicine; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza CE Brazil
| | - Loeste Arruda-Barbosa
- School of Medicine; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza CE Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Gloria Pinto Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife PE Brazil
| | | | - Saad Lahlou
- School of Medicine; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza CE Brazil
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Alam F, Saqib QNU, Shah AJ, Ashraf M, Al Ain Q. Gut modulatory and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of Gaultheria trichophylla. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2917-2921. [PMID: 27309573 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1194438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gaultheria trichophylla Royle (Ericaceae) and related species have been used in the traditional system of medicine for the treatment of diarrhoea, pain and inflammation. OBJECTIVE The present investigation explores G. trichophylla for its potential activity in hyperactive gut disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antidiarrheal activity was evaluated on castor oil induced diarrhoea in mice with reference to standard drug verapamil. Gut modulatory activity was performed on isolated jejunum tissue preparations on spontaneous and high potassium induced contractions. Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity was performed with an in vitro study. Extract was tested for toxicity in mice. RESULTS In the in vivo studies, the methanol extract of G. trichophylla and verapamil significantly (p < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001) inhibited the frequency of defecation as well as wetting of faeces when compared with the negative control. The methanol (Gt. MeOH) extract of G. trichophylla caused a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on spontaneous contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations and exhibited a partial inhibitory effect against high K+ (80 mM) induced precontractions. Gt. MeOH shifted the Ca2+ concentration-response curves (CRCs) to the right, suggesting calcium channel blocking like constituents. In an in vitro assay Gt. MeOH inhibited BChE enzyme with an IC50 values of 35.52 ± 1.17 μg/mL. The extract showed no toxicity in mice at the dose of 3 g/kg. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that G. trichophylla possesses combinations of inhibitory and stimulatory effects mediated through possible cholinergic and less potent calcium blocking constituents, respectively. The latter may be responsible for the antidiarrheal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiaz Alam
- a Department of Pharmacy , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Abbottabad , Pakistan
| | - Qazi Najam Us Saqib
- a Department of Pharmacy , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Abbottabad , Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jabbar Shah
- a Department of Pharmacy , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Abbottabad , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- b Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology , the Islamia University of Bahawalpur , Bahawalpur , Pakistan
| | - Quarat Al Ain
- b Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology , the Islamia University of Bahawalpur , Bahawalpur , Pakistan
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Vasodilation and hypotension of a novel 3-benzylquinazolin- 4(3H)-one derivative via the inhibition of calcium flux. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 791:741-750. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rasheed HM, Khan T, Wahid F, Khan R, Shah AJ. Chemical composition and vascular and intestinal smooth muscle relaxant effects of the essential oil from Psidium guajava fruit. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2679-2684. [PMID: 27181135 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1178309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments including cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders. OBJECTIVES The current study investigated the chemical composition and cardiovascular and gastrointestinal effects of the essential oil of P. guajava. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical composition of the essential oil was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The biological activity of the essential oil was tested on rabbit aorta and jejunum. All changes in isometric tension were recorded through a force transducer coupled with a bridge amplifier data acquisition system. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION GC-MS analysis showed the presence of butanoic acid methyl ester, 3-methyl glutaric anhydride, 1-butanol, 3-hexenal, cinnamyl alcohol, 1-hexanol and hexane as the major components. In isolated rabbit aorta preparations, the essential oil showed vasorelaxation at doses of 3-10 mg/mL against high K+ and phenylephrine pre-contractions with EC50 values of 5.52 (5-6.04) and 6.23 mg/mL (5.0-7.46). The essential oil inhibited spontaneous and high K+ induced contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum with EC50 values of 0.84 (0.3-1.38) and 0.71 mg/mL (0.3-1.12) and shifted Ca + 2 concentration curves to the right, similar to verapamil, suggesting spasmolytic activity mediated possibly through Ca + 2 channel blockade. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the data indicated the presence of seven different phytoconstituents in the essential oil of P. guajava and calcium channel blocking activity, which provides a pharmacological base to the traditional use of P. guajava in cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders. Further studies are suggested to explore the molecular nature of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Majid Rasheed
- a Department of Pharmacy , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Abbottabad , Pakistan
| | - Taous Khan
- a Department of Pharmacy , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Abbottabad , Pakistan
| | - Fazli Wahid
- b Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Abbottabad , Pakistan
| | - Rasool Khan
- c Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jabbar Shah
- a Department of Pharmacy , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Abbottabad , Pakistan
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MENEZES LDS, SOUZA LMDA, SANTOS MRVD, MENDONÇA PSC, MOREIRA ÍJA, OLIVEIRA ACAD. Levobupivacaine induces vasodilatation, but not vasoconstriction, in rat mesenteric artery. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.28415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Levobupivacaine (LEVO) can replace analgesia because it exhibits low toxicity and causes minor vasoconstriction, enabling its use in patients in whom vasoconstrictors are contraindicated. Objective We aimed to evaluate the effects of LEVO in isolated rat superior mesenteric artery by using the vascular reactivity technique and compare its effect to that of lidocaine. Material and method Arterial rings were obtained from the mesenteric artery of male Wistar rats and kept in organ baths. For recording isometric contractions, each ring was suspended by cotton threads from a force transducer, which was connected to a data acquisition system. Result Both lidocaine and LEVO did not show a vasoconstrictor effect on the basal tone of the arterial rings with functional endothelium. However, when the rings were pre-contracted with phenylephrine, both drugs were able to induce concentration-dependent vasodilatation. The vasodilator effect induced by LEVO did not change after removal of the endothelium, or with the addition of tetraethylammonium (1 mM), a non-selective K+ channel blocker. In the rings without functional endothelium, which were pre-contracted with depolarizing Tyrode’s solution (KCl 80 mM), LEVO-induced vasodilatation was not significantly different from that observed in the rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine. Moreover, it did not show a significant additional vasodilator effect compared to the maximal vasodilator effect of nifedipine. Conclusion This study demonstrated that LEVO produces a vasodilator effect in the rat superior mesenteric artery in an endothelium-independent manner. This effect seems to be mediated via Ca2+ channel blockade in the vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Yam MF, Tan CS, Ahmad M, Shibao R. Mechanism of vasorelaxation induced by eupatorin in the rats aortic ring. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 789:27-36. [PMID: 27370961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that eupatorin content in Orthosiphon stamineus fractions correlated with their vasorelaxation activity. Even with previous studies, there is still very little information on the vasorelaxation effect of eupatorin, and not many scientific studies had been carried out. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the vasorelaxation activity and mechanism of action of eupatorin. The vasorelaxation activity and the underlying mechanisms of eupatorin was evaluated on thoracic aortic rings isolated from Sprague Dawley rats. Eupatorin caused the relaxation of aortic rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine with and without endothelium (pD2=6.66±0.13, EMAX=99.72±6.39%; pD2=6.10±0.22, EMAX=65.78±8.01%), and also the relaxation of endothelium-intact aortic rings pre-contracted with potassium chloride (pD2=6.20±0.30, EMAX=71.89±12.25%). In the presence of Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (pD2<4.60, EMAX=24.91±6.39%), methylene blue (pD2=6.05±0.38, EMAX=66.79±9.69%), ODQ (pD25.84±0.32, EMAX=60.47±9.6%), indomethacin (pD2=6.27±0.21, EMAX=76.03±9.45%), tetraethylammonium (pD2=6.09±0.35, EMAX=69.35±11.31%), 4-aminopyridine (pD2=6.34±0.12, EMAX=76±6.1%), barium chloride (pD2=6.47±0.14, EMAX=79.61±10.02%), atropine (pD2=6.36±0.29, EMAX=86.47±12.95%) and propranolol (pD2=6.49±0.26, EMAX=83.2±12.01%), relaxation stimulated by eupatorin was significantly reduced. Eupatorin was also found to be active in reducing Ca(2+) release from sarcoplasmic reticulum and in blocking calcium channels. The present study demonstrates the vasorelaxation effect of eupatorin involving NO/sGC/cGMP and indomethacin pathways, calcium and potassium channels, and muscarinic and beta-adrenergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mun Fei Yam
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Chu Shan Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Mariam Ahmad
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Ruan Shibao
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie, Minhou, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian, China.
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Khan FU, Khan AU, Hussain J, Khan IU, Muhammad N, Khan A, Mehmood S, Asiri AM, Khan SB, Gilani AH. Spasmolytic and Ca ++ Channel Blocking Potential of Nepetolide: Isolated from Nepeta Suavis. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nepeta suavis is used in traditional medicine for treatment of abdominal spasm (colic). The tricyclic clerodane type diterpene, nepetolide, isolated for the first time from Nepeta suavis. was evaluated for Ca++ antagonist and antispasmodic activities. When studied in isolated rabbit jejunum, nepetolide caused concentration-dependent (0.03–100 μM) relaxation of spontaneous and high K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions, like that caused by verapamil, indicating that nepetolide exhibits spasmolytic activity, possibly mediated through Ca++ channel blocking action, which provides scientific explanation for the medicinal application of Nepeta suavis as an antispasmodic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farman Ullah Khan
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Bannu 28100, Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Arif-Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ihsan Ullah Khan
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Centre of Ionic Liquid, University of Technology Petronas, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Biomedical materials COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aslam Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sultan Mehmood
- Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology Bannu 28100, Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Mohamed Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sher Bahadar Khan
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwarul Hassan Gilani
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi-74800, Pakistan
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Rock Tea extract (Jasonia glutinosa) relaxes rat aortic smooth muscle by inhibition of L-type Ca(2+) channels. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:785-93. [PMID: 26464340 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0442-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In traditional herbal medicine, Rock Tea (Jasonia glutinosa) is known for its prophylactic and therapeutic value in various disorders including arterial hypertension. However, the mechanism by which Rock Tea exerts blood pressure-lowering actions has not been elucidated yet. Our aim was to demonstrate vasorelaxing effects of Rock Tea extract and to reveal its possible action mechanism. Isometric myography was conducted on high-K+-precontracted rings from rat thoracic aorta and tested extracts at concentrations of 0.5-5 mg/ml. Whole-cell patch-clamp experiments were performed in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (line A7r5) to determine blocking effects on L-type Ca(2+) channels. Rock Tea extract relaxed the aorta contracted by high [K+] concentration dependently with an EC50 of ≈2.4 mg/ml and produced ≈75 % relaxation at the highest concentration tested. The L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker, verapamil (10(-6) M), had similar effects. Rock Tea extract had no effect in nominally Ca(2+)-free high-K(+) buffer but significantly inhibited contractions to re-addition of Ca(2+). Rock Tea extract inhibited the contractions induced by the L-type Ca(2+) channel activator Bay K 8644 (10(-5) M) and by phenylephrine (10(-6) M). Rock Tea extract and Y-27632 (10(-6) M), Rho-kinase inhibitor, had similar effects and the respective effects were not additive. Patch-clamp experiments demonstrated that Rock Tea extract (2.5 mg/ml) virtually abolished L-type Ca(2+) currents in A7r5. We conclude that Rock Tea extract produced vasorelaxation of rat aorta and that this relaxant effect is mediated by inhibition of L-type Ca(2+) channels. Rock Tea extracts may be of phytomedicinal value for prevention and adjuvant treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.
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Park CB, Ahn CM, Oh S, Kwon D, Cho WC, Shin WS, Cui Y, Um YS, Park BG, Lee S. Synthesis of alkylsulfonyl and substituted benzenesulfonyl curcumin mimics as dual antagonist of L-type Ca(2+) channel and endothelin A/B2 receptor. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6673-82. [PMID: 26386817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized a library of curcumin mimics with diverse alkylsulfonyl and substituted benzenesulfonyl modifications through a simple addition reaction of important intermediate, 1-(3-Amino-phenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-propenone (10), with various sulfonyl chloride reactants and then tested their vasodilatation effect on depolarization (50 mM K(+))- and endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced basilar artery contraction. Generally, curcumin mimics with aromatic sulfonyl groups showed stronger vasodilation effect than alkyl sulfonylated curcumin mimics. Among the tested compounds, six curcumin mimics (11g, 11h, 11i, 11j, 11l, and 11s) in a depolarization-induced vasoconstriction and seven compounds (11g, 11h, 11i, 11j, 11l, 11p, and 11s) in an ET-1-induced vasoconstriction showed strong vasodilation effect. Based on their biological properties, synthetic curcumin mimics can act as dual antagonist scaffold of L-type Ca(2+) channel and endothelin A/B2 receptor in vascular smooth muscle cells. In particular, compounds 11g and 11s are promising novel drug candidates to treat hypertension related to the overexpression of L-type Ca(2+) channels and ET peptides/receptors-mediated cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Bin Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-711, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Mug Ahn
- Department of Basic Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 220-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangtae Oh
- Department of Basic Science, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeho Kwon
- Department of Microbiology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-701, Republic of Korea; Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Chul Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-711, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon-Seob Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-701, Republic of Korea; Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuan Cui
- Department of Physiology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Sol Um
- Department of Physiology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Gon Park
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Physiology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seokjoon Lee
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 210-701, Republic of Korea.
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Chemical Composition and Vasorelaxant and Antispasmodic Effects of Essential Oil from Rosa indica L. Petals. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:279247. [PMID: 26357519 PMCID: PMC4556831 DOI: 10.1155/2015/279247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rosa indica L. belongs to the family Rosaceae and is locally known as gulaab. It has different traditional uses in cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders but there is no scientific data available in this regard. Therefore, the basic aim of this study was to explore the chemical composition and gastrointestinal and cardiovascular effects of the essential oil obtained from R. indica. The chemical composition of the essential oil was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The cardiovascular and gastrointestinal effects were investigated using electrophysiological measurements. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil showed various chemical components including acetic acid, mercaptohexyl ester, butanoic acid, 2-methyl-5-oxo-1-cyclopentene-1-yl ester, artemiseole, methyl santonilate, isosteviol, caryophyllene oxide, pentyl phenyl acetate, dihydromyrcene, 1,5-octadecadien, octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, palmitic acid (2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl methyl ester), santolina epoxide, and 9-farnesene. The electrophysiological measurements revealed that essential oil was more potent against K(+) (80 mM) than phenylephrine precontractions using isolated rabbit aorta preparations. In isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, it showed more potency against high K(+) induced contractions than spontaneous contractions. Considering these evidences, it can be concluded that R. indica essential oil may work as a complementary and alternative medicine in gastrointestinal and cardiovascular diseases.
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Janbaz KH, Akhtar T, Saqib F, Imran I, Zia-Ul-Haq M, Jansakul C, De Feo V, Moga M. Pharmacological justification of use of Solena heterophylla Lour. in gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular disorders. J Transl Med 2015; 13:134. [PMID: 25925396 PMCID: PMC4423122 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Solena heterophylla Lour. has traditionally been used in the management of diseases pertaining to gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular system and present study was undertaken to validate its traditional uses. Methods The aqueous ethanolic extract of Solena heterophylla Lour (Sh.Cr) was tested in-vitro on isolated rabbit jejunum, tracheal and aorta preparations. The responses of tissues were recorded using isotonic transducers coupled with PowerLab data acquisition system. Results The aqueous ethanolic extract of Solena heterophylla Lour (Sh.Cr) (0.03-1.0 mg/ml) on application to spontaneous contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparation exerted relaxant effect through decrease in magnitude and frequency of contractions, caused relaxation of K+(80 mM)-induced contractions and shifted the Ca2+ concentration response curves toward right in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations in a manner similar to verapamil (a standard Ca2+ channel blocker), thus confirming its Ca2+ channel blocking activity. The Sh.Cr also caused relaxation of carbachol (1 μM)- and K+(80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit tracheal preparations in a manner comparable to dicyclomine. Conclusions The observed relaxant effect may be outcome of anti-muscarinic and Ca2+ channel blocking activities. The Sh.Cr (0.03-1.0 mg/ml) against phenyephrine (1 μM)- and K+(80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit aortic preparations exerted a relaxant effect, possibly through Ca2+ channel blocking activity. These findings provide a rationale for the folkloric uses of the plant in the management of ailments pertaining to gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Imran Imran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq
- Office of Research, Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan. .,Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Chaweeewan Jansakul
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand.
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, Salerno University, Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Marius Moga
- Department of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania.
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Janbaz KH, Zaeem Ahsan M, Saqib F, Imran I, Zia-Ul-Haq M, Abid Rashid M, Jaafar HZE, Moga M. Scientific basis for use of Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. fruit in gastrointestinal, respiratory and cardiovascular ailments. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118605. [PMID: 25786248 PMCID: PMC4364991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. has been used conventionally by many communities in the Himalayan region for the management of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and vascular complications. Set against this background, this study was carried out to justify the scientific basis to validate folkloric uses of fruits of Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. (Pp.Cr) in traditional systems of medicine. Methods The crude ethanol extract of fruits of Pyrus pashia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. (Pp.Cr) was tested in vitro on isolated rabbit jejunum, tracheal, and aorta preparations. The responses of tissues were recorded using isotonic transducers coupled with a PowerLab data acquisition system. Results The Pp.Cr on application (0.01–5.0 mg/ml) to isolated rabbit jejunum preparation exhibited relaxation through decrease in magnitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions. The Pp.Cr also exerted a relaxant (0.01–5.0 mg/ml) effect on K+(80 mM) induced contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations and caused shifting of the Ca2+ curves (1.0–3.0 mg/ml) toward right in a manner similar to that of verapamil (3μM), possibly suggesting presence of Ca2+ channel blocking activity. Subsequently, Pp.Cr in a concentration-dependent fashion (0.01–10.0 mg/ml) caused relaxation of CCh (1μM) and K+ (80 mM) induced contractions in isolated rabbit tracheal preparations in a manner comparable to that of dicyclomine, suggesting that the observed relaxant effect is likely to be mediated through antimuscarinic and/or Ca2+ channel blocking activities. Moreover, when evaluated against isolated rabbit aortic preparations, the Pp.Cr in concentrations up to 10 mg/ml exhibited a contractile response that was found to be abolished subsequent to pretreatment of isolated tissue preparation with cyproheptadine (1μM), phentolamine (1μM), and losartan (1μM), suggesting that Pp.Cr may have some α-adrenergic, muscarinic, serotonergic, and angiotensin II activities. Conclusions The aqueous ethanolic extract of Pyrus pashia (Pp.Cr) exhibited spasmolytic, bronchodilator, and vaso-constrictive activities possibly through different mechanisms. The spasmolytic and bronchodilator activities are likely to be mediated through blockade of Ca2+ channels, while vasoconstrictive activity may be due to presence of a α-adrenergic, muscarinic, serotonergic, and angiotensin II agonistic component.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fatima Saqib
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Imran Imran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Abid Rashid
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hawa Z. E. Jaafar
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (MZUH), (HZEJ)
| | - Marius Moga
- Department of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
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Antihypertensive Effect of Syzygium cumini in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:605452. [PMID: 25614751 PMCID: PMC4295347 DOI: 10.1155/2014/605452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the in vivo potential antihypertensive effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Syzygium cumini leaves (HESC) in normotensive Wistar rats and in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), as well as its in vitro effect on the vascular reactivity of resistance arteries. The hypotensive effect caused by intravenous infusion of HESC (0.01-4.0 mg/kg) in anesthetized Wistar rats was dose-dependent and was partially inhibited by pretreatment with atropine sulfate. SHR received HESC (0.5 g/kg/day), orally, for 8 weeks and mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and vascular reactivity were evaluated. Daily oral administration of HESC resulted in a time-dependent blood pressure reduction in SHR, with a maximum reduction of 62%. In the endothelium-deprived superior mesenteric arteries rings the treatment with HESC reduced by 40% the maximum effect (E max) of contraction induced by NE. The contractile response to calcium and NE of endothelium-deprived mesenteric rings isolated from untreated SHR was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner by HESC (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/mL). This study demonstrated that Syzygium cumini reduces the blood pressure and heart rate of SHR and that this antihypertensive effect is probably due to the inhibition of arterial tone and extracellular calcium influx.
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Shareef H, Rizwani GH, Mandukhail SR, Watanabe N, Gilani AH. Studies on antidiarrhoeal, antispasmodic and bronchodilator activities of Operculina turpethum Linn. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:479. [PMID: 25496022 PMCID: PMC4295308 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Traditionally, Operculina turpethum has been used in a wide range of ailments such as, gastrointestinal disturbances and asthma. It is found in China, South Asia, Pacific Islands, and Australia. This study was aimed to provide a possible pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of O. turpethum in gut and airways disorders. Methods Castor oil-induced diarrhoeal mice model and isolated tissue preparations such as, rabbit jejunum and guinea-pig tracheal preparations were used to test the antidiarrhoeal, antispasmodic and bronchodilator effects and the possible mode of action(s) of the 70% aqueous-ethanolic extract of O. turpethum black variety (OTB). Results In the castor oil-induced diarrhoea in mice, the crude extract of OTB caused a dose-dependent (300–1000 mg/kg) protection from diarrhoea, similar to that of loperamide. In isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, OTB produced a dose-dependent inhibition of spontaneous and high K+(80 mM)-induced contractions with resultant median effective concentrations (EC50 with 95% confidence interval) of 1.04 mg/ml (0.59-1.54) and 0.12 mg/ml (0.10-0.15; n = 4) respectively, thus showing more potency against K+. Pretreatment of the tissue with OTB (0.01 and 0.03 mg/ml) caused a rightward shift in the concentration response curves of Ca++, similar to that of verapamil. In isolated guinea-pig tracheal preparations, OTB caused inhibition of carbachol and high K+-induced constriction at similar concentrations with respective EC50 value of 0.66 mg/ml (0.53-0.82) and 0.59 mg/ml (0.45-0.62). Activity-directed fractionation revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction was more potent than the parent crude extract and hexane fraction. Conclusion These results suggest that the crude extract of O. turpethum possesses antidiarrhoeal, antispasmodic and bronchodilator activities, mediated possibly through the presence of Ca++ antagonist like constituent(s), though additional mechanism(s) cannot be ruled out. Thus, this study provides the evidence for the medicinal use of plant in diarrhoea and asthma.
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Guo H, Zhang J, Gao W, Qu Z, Liu C. Gastrointestinal effect of methanol extract of Radix Aucklandiae and selected active substances on the transit activity of rat isolated intestinal strips. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:1141-9. [PMID: 24649908 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.879601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Radix Aucklandiae, the dry rhizome of Aucklandia lappa Decne (Asteraceae), enjoyed traditional popularity for its antidiarrheal effects. Although there are many investigations on its chemical constituents and pharmacologic actions, few studies explaining its activity and mechanism in gastrointestinal disorders are available. OBJECTIVE In this paper, we focused on the effects of the methanol extract of R. Aucklandiae (RA ext) on gastrointestinal tract, so as to assess some of the possible mechanisms involved in the clinical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo, in neostigmine-induced mice and normal mice, after intragastric administration, RA ext (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg) was studied on gastrointestinal transit including gastric emptying and small intestinal motility. Meanwhile, in vitro, the effect of it (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mg/mL) on the isolated tissue preparations of rat jejunum was also investigated, as well as costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone which were the main constituents. RESULTS In vivo, the gastric emptying increased and intestinal transit decreased after the administration of RA ext in normal mice. However, RA ext inhibited the gastric emptying and the intestinal transit throughout the concentrations in neostigmine-induced mice. In vitro, RA ext caused inhibitory effect on the spontaneous contraction of rat-isolated jejunum in a dose-dependent manner ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 mg/mL, and it also relaxed the acetylcholine chloride (Ach, 10(-5) M), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, 200 μM)-induced, and K(+) (60 mM)-induced contractions. RA ext shifted the Ca(2+) concentration-response curves to right, similar to that caused by verapamil (0.025 mM). The Ca(2+) concentration-response curves were shifted by costunolide (CO) (5.4, 8.1, and 10.8 μg/mL), dehydrocostuslactone (DE) (4.6, 6.9, and 9.2 μg/mL), costunolide-dehydrocostuslactone (CO-DE) (5.4-4.6, 8.1-6.9, and 10.8-9.2 μg/mL) to the right, similar to that caused by verapamil (0.01 mM). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results indicate that RA ext played a spasmolytic role in gastrointestinal motility, which is probably mediated through the inhibition of muscarinic receptors, 5-HT receptors, and calcium influx. The presence of cholinergic and calcium antagonist constituents may be the compatibility of CO and DE. All these results provide a pharmacological basis for its clinical use in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University , Tianjin , China
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Arruda-Barbosa L, Rodrigues KMS, Souza-Neto FDCV, Duarte GP, Borges RS, Magalhães PJC, Lahlou S. Vasorelaxant effects of 1-nitro-2-phenylethene in rat isolated aortic rings. Vascul Pharmacol 2014; 63:55-62. [PMID: 25131395 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we showed that nitro-2-phenylethane is a vasorelaxant constituent of the essential oil of Aniba canelilla. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the vascular effects of 1-nitro-2-phenylethene (NPe), a structural analog of 1-nitro-2-phenylethane obtained synthetically, in rat isolated thoracic aortic preparations. At 0.1-100 μg/mL, NPe similarly relaxed endothelium-intact or endothelium-denuded aortic preparations pre-contracted with 60mM KCl or with phenylephrine (PHE, 1 μM). Vasorelaxant effects of NPe against PHE-induced contractions remained unaffected following blockade of potassium channels by TEA, and inhibition of either nitric oxide synthase by l-NAME, cyclooxygenase by indomethacin or guanylate cyclase by ODQ. In preparations maintained under Ca(2+)-free conditions, NPe significantly reduced the contractions induced (i) by PHE, but not those evoked by caffeine, (ii) by CaCl2 in either PHE (in the presence of 1 μM verapamil)- or KCl-stimulated preparations, (iii) by extracellular Ca(2+) restoration in thapsigargin-treated aortic preparations, and (iv) by the activator of protein kinase C phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate or the inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase sodium orthovanadate. It is concluded that NPe induced an endothelium-independent vasorelaxation with potency greater than its structural analog 1-nitro-2-phenylethane. Such action appears to occur intracellularly probably through inhibition of contractile events that are clearly independent of Ca(2+) influx from the extracellular milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gloria Pinto Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Saad Lahlou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, CE, Brazil.
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de Siqueira RJB, Ribeiro-Filho HV, Freire RS, Cosker F, Freire WBS, Vasconcelos-Silva AA, Soares MA, Lahlou S, Magalhães PJC. (-)-α-Bisabolol inhibits preferentially electromechanical coupling on rat isolated arteries. Vascul Pharmacol 2014; 63:37-45. [PMID: 25128618 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Previous findings enable us to hypothesize that (-)-α-bisabolol acts as inhibitor of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels in smooth muscle. The current study was aimed at consolidating such hypothesis through the recording of isometric tension, measurement of intracellular Ca(2+) as well as discovery of channel target using in silico analysis. In rat aortic rings, (-)-α-bisabolol (1-1000 µM) relaxed KCl- and phenylephrine-elicited contractions, but the IC50 differed significantly (22.8 [17.6-27.7] and 200.7 [120.4-334.6] µM, respectively). The relaxation of phenylephrine contractions remained unaffected by l-NAME, indomethacin, 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one, tetraethylammonium, glibenclamide or KT-5720. Under Ca(2+)-free conditions, (-)-α-bisabolol did not alter the contractions evoked by phenylephrine or caffeine whereas it reduced those evoked by CaCl2 in KCl-, but not in PHE-stimulated preparations. Furthermore, it did not significantly alter the contractions evoked by phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate or induced by the extracellular Ca(2+) restoration in cyclopiazonic acid-treated preparations. In mesenteric rings loaded with Fluo-4 AM, (-)-α-bisabolol blunted the tension and the cytosolic levels of Ca(2+) in response to K(+) but not to norepinephrine. Silico docking analysis of the Cavβ2a subunit of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel indicated putative docking sites for (-)-α-bisabolol. These findings reinforce the ability of (-)-α-bisabolol to inhibit preferentially contractile responses evoked by Ca(2+) influx through voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J B de Siqueira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - H V Ribeiro-Filho
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - R S Freire
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - F Cosker
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - W B S Freire
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - A A Vasconcelos-Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - M A Soares
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - S Lahlou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - P J C Magalhães
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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OLIVEIRA ACADE, BRITTO ACS, SOUZA LMDA, SANTOS MRVD, CUNHA PDS, GROPPO FC. Avaliação dos efeitos da ropivacaína sobre a reatividade vascular em artéria mesentérica de rato. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/rou.2014.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: A ropivacaína (ROPI) é um anestésico local de longa duração de ação, introduzido mais recentemente em Medicina, mas ainda não disponível para uso odontológico em tubetes. Estudos clínicos e com animais confirmam que a ROPI é um anestésico local eficaz e que possui um efeito vasoconstritor intrínseco.OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da ROPI sobre a reatividade vascular em artéria mesentérica isolada de rato, além de comparar esse efeito ao da lidocaína (LIDO) e avaliar o possível envolvimento do endotélio vascular na resposta induzida pela ROPI em anel de artéria mesentérica isolada de rato.MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram utilizados 14 ratos Wistar machos (250-300g). Os animais foram eutanasiados e, através de uma incisão no abdome do animal, foi retirada a artéria mesentérica. Desta artéria, foram obtidos anéis (1-2 mm), que foram mantidos em cubas contendo 10 mL de solução nutritiva de Tyrode mantida a 37 °C e gaseificada com carbogênio. Para o registro das contrações isométricas, cada anel foi suspenso, por linhas de algodão, a um transdutor de força conectado a um sistema de aquisição.RESULTADO: Tanto a LIDO como a ROPI não apresentaram efeito vasoconstritor sobre o tônus basal de anéis com endotélio funcional. Porém, quando os anéis foram pré-contraídos com fenilefrina, ambas as drogas foram capazes de induzir vasorrelaxamentos dependentes da concentração (Emáx = 31,7 ± 3,3%; n = 6, para a LIDO; Emáx = 69 ± 8%; n = 6, para a ROPI), que não foram alterados após a remoção do endotélio (Emáx = 28,7 ± 1,3%; n = 7, para a LIDO; Emáx = 58,8 ± 5,9%; n = 6, para a ROPI). Em anéis sem endotélio funcional, porém, pré-contraídos com solução despolarizante de Tyrode (KCl a 80 mM), o efeito vasorrelaxante induzido pela LIDO não apresentou alterações significativas (Emáx = 29 ± 3%; n = 7). Porém, o efeito da ROPI foi reduzido significativamente neste protocolo, bem como na presença de 1 mM de tetraetilamônio (TEA) (Emáx = 21,2 ± 5,1%; n = 7 e Emáx = 17,4 ± 3,7; n = 4, respectivamente).CONCLUSÃO: A ROPI produz efeito vasorrelaxante em artéria mesentérica superior isolada de rato pré-contraída com fenilefrina, sendo este independente da participação do endotélio. Este efeito parece envolver os canais para K+ na célula muscular lisa vascular.
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Guo H, Zhang J, Gao W, Qu Z, Liu C. Anti-diarrhoeal activity of methanol extract of Santalum album L. in mice and gastrointestinal effect on the contraction of isolated jejunum in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 154:704-710. [PMID: 24809287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Santalum album L., namely Sandalwood, honored as "Green Gold", is a traditional Chinese herb which has the effects of anti-diarrhoeal and antibacterial activity. But there is limit scientific study on its activity and mechanism in gastrointestinal disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS in vivo, after intragastric administration, the methanol extract of Sandalwood (SE) (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) were studied in castor oil-induced diarrhoea mice. By the test of small intestinal hyperfunction induced by neostigmine, SE was studied on gastrointestinal transit including gastric emptying and small intestinal motility. Meanwhile, in vitro, the effects of SE (0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mg/mL) on the isolated tissue preparations of rat jejunum were also investigated. The rat jejunum strips were pre-contracted with acetylcholine (Ach; 10(-6)M), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, 200 μM) or potassium chloride (KCl; 60 mM) and tested in the presence of SE. In addition, the possible myogenic effect was analyzed in the pretreatment of the jejunum preparations with SE or verapamil in Ca(2+)-free high-K(+) (60 mM) solution containing EDTA. RESULTS At doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg, SE showed significant anti-diarrhoeal activity against castor oil-induced diarrhoea as compared with the control. At the same doses, it also inhibited the gastric emptying and small intestinal motility in the mice of which small intestinal hyperfunction induced by neostigmine. It caused inhibitory effects on the spontaneous contraction of rat-isolated jejunum in dose-dependent manner ranging from 0.02 to 0.4 mg/mL, and it also relaxed the Ach-induced, 5-HT-induced and K(+)-induced contractions. SE shifted the Ca(2+) concentration-response curves to right, similar to that caused by verapamil (0.025 mM). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicated that SE played a spasmolytic role in gastrointestinal motility which was probably mediated through inhibition of muscarinic receptors, 5-HT receptors and calcium influx. All these results provide pharmacological basis for its clinical use in gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jingze Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Zhuo Qu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- The State Key Laboratories of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin, China
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Arcanjo DDR, Costa-Júnior JSD, Moura LHP, Ferraz ABF, Rossatto RR, David JM, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Oliveira RDCM, Citó AMDGL, Oliveira APD. Garcinielliptone FC, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone fromPlatonia insignisMart., promotes vasorelaxant effect on rat mesenteric artery. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:923-7. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.889136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Janbaz KH, Arif J, Saqib F, Imran I, Ashraf M, Zia-Ul-Haq M, Jaafar HZE, De Feo V. In-vitro and in-vivo validation of ethnopharmacological uses of methanol extract of Isodon rugosus Wall. ex Benth. (Lamiaceae). BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:71. [PMID: 24559094 PMCID: PMC3974051 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isodon rugosus is used in folk Pakistan traditional practices to cure ailments related to gastrointestinal, respiratory and cardiovascular problems. Present study was undertaken to validate these folkloric uses. METHODS A crude methanol extract of the aerial parts of Isodon rugosus (Ir.Cr.) was used for both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The plant extract was tested on isolated rabbit jejunum preparations for possible presence of spasmolytic activity. Moreover, isolated rabbit tracheal and aorta preparations were used to ascertain the relaxant effects of the extract. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of Ir.Cr were also determined as well as its antioxidant activity. The in vivo antiemetic activity of the extract was evaluated by using the chick emesis model, while the analgesic and antipyretic activities were conducted on albino mice. RESULTS The application of the crude extract of I. rugosus to isolated rabbit jejunum preparations exhibited relaxant effect (0.01-0.3 mg/ml). The Ir.Cr also relaxed K+(80 m M)-induced spastic contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations and shifted the Ca+2 concentration response curves towards right (0.01-0.3 mg/ml). Similarly, the extract, when applied to the isolated rabbit tracheal preparations relaxed the carbachol (1 μM)--as well as K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions in a concentration range of 0.01-1.0 mg/ml. Moreover, it also relaxed (0.01-3.0 mg/ml) the phenylephrine (1 μM)- and K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit aorta preparations. The Ir.Cr (80 mg/kg) demonstrated antipyretic activity on pyrogen-induced pyrexia in rabbits as compared to aspirin as standard drug. The Ir.Cr also exhibited anti-oxidant as well as inhibitory effect on acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase and lipoxygenase (0.5 mg/ml). CONCLUSIONS The observed relaxant effect on isolated rabbit jejunum, trachea and aorta preparations caused by Ir.Cr is possibly to be mediated through Ca+2 channel blockade and therefore may provided scientific basis to validate the folkloric uses of the plant in the management of gastrointestinal, respiratory and cardiovascular ailments. The observed antioxidant activity as well as the lipoxygenase inhibitory activity may validate its traditional use in pain and inflammations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Hussain Janbaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Javeria Arif
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Hawa ZE Jaafar
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Pakistan
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, Salerno University, Fisciano, Salerno, Pakistan
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Shah AJ, Rasheed M, Jabeen Q, Ahmed A, Tareen RB, Gilani AH, Nadir M, Ahmad VU. Chemical Analysis and Calcium Channel Blocking Activity of the Essential Oil of Perovskia abrotanoides. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300801133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and provide a pharmacological base for the medicinal use of the essential oil of Perovskia abrotanoides (Pa. Oil) in gastrointestinal disorders, such as colic. The chemical investigation resulted in the identification of 26 compounds, of which tricyclene, β- trans-ocimene, terpinene-4-acetate, terpinen-4-ol, caran-3β-ol, linalyl acetate, β-caryophyllene oxide and α-elemene had not previously been reported from P. abrotanoides. Major constituents were 1,8-cineol and δ–3-carene, which constituting 50% of the oil. In the isolated rabbit jejunum preparation Pa.Oil caused inhibition of spontaneous and high K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions, with respective EC50 values of 0.13 (0.08-0.20; n=4) and 0.90 mg/mL (0.50–1.60; n=5), thus showing that spasmolytic activity is mediated possibly through calcium channel blockade (CCB). The CCB activity was confirmed when pre-treatment of the tissue with Pa. Oil (0.03-0.1 mg/mL) caused a rightward shift in the Ca++ concentration-response curves, similar to that caused by verapamil, a standard calcium channel blocker. These data indicate that the essential oil of P. abrotanoides possesses spasmolytic activity mediated possibly through inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channels, which may explain its medicinal use in colic and possibly diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Jabbar Shah
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi-74800, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS, Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad-22060, Pakistan
| | - Munawwer Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi-75280, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Jabeen
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi-74800, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Amir Ahmed
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratory, Karachi-75280, Pakistan
| | | | - Anwarul Hassan Gilani
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi-74800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Viqar Uddin Ahmad
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
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Ali N, Aleem U, Ali Shah SW, Shah I, Junaid M, Ahmed G, Ali W, Ghias M. Acute toxicity, brine shrimp cytotoxicity, anthelmintic and relaxant potentials of fruits of Rubus fruticosus Agg. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:138. [PMID: 23773797 PMCID: PMC3688410 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Rubus fruticosus is used in tribal medicine as anthelmintic and an antispasmodic. In the current work, we investigated the anthelmintic and antispasmodic activities of crude methanol extract of fruits of R. fruticosus on scientific grounds. Acute toxicity and brine shrimp cytotoxicity activity of the extract were also performed. Methods Acute toxicity study of crude methanol extract of R. fruticosus was performed on mice. In vitro Brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay was performed on shrimps of Artemia salina. In vitro Anthelmintic activity was tested against Raillietina spiralis and Ascaridia galli. Relaxant activities were tested on spontaneous rabbits’ jejunal preparations. Calcium chloride curves were constructed to elucidate possible mode of action of the extract. Results LD 50 of the extract for acute toxicity studies was 887.75 ± 9.22 mg/ml. While CC 50 of the extract for Brine shrimps cytotoxicity assay was 13.28 ± 2.47 μg/ml. Test samples of crude methanolic extract of R. fruticosus (Rf.Cr) at concentration 20 mg/ml showed excellent anthelmintic activity against Raillietina spiralis. Anthelmintic activity was 1.37 times of albendazole against the Raillietina spiralis at concentration 40 mg/ml. At higher concentration (40 mg/ml), Rf.Cr has 89. 83% parasiticidal activity. The mean EC50 relaxation activity for spontaneous and KCl-induced contractions was 7.96 ± 0.1 and 6.45 ± 0.29 mg/ml, respectively. EC 50 (Log[Ca++]M) for control calcium chloride curves was −1.75 ± 0.01 vs. EC 50 −1.78 ± 0.06 in the presence of 3.0 mg/ml of Rf.Cr. Similarly, EC 50(Log[Ca++]M) in the absence and presence of verapamil (0.1 μM) were −2.46 ± 0.01 and −1.72 ± 0.02, respectively. Conclusions The anthelmintic and relaxant activities explained traditional uses of R. fruticosus on scientific grounds. Relaxant activity follows the inhibition of voltage gated channels. Although the plant extract has cytotoxic effects, yet it is evident from acute toxicity study that it is safe in concentration 100 mg/kg. Further work is required to isolate pharmacologically active compounds.
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Ali N. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity of crude methanol extract and antispasmodic activity of α-amyrin acetate from Tylophora hirsuta wall. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:135. [PMID: 23773697 PMCID: PMC3698064 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background We have previously reported that aerial parts of Tylophora hirsuta have antispasmodic profile. The current work is an attempt for isolation of pharmacologically active compound(s) that contribute for its antispasmodic activity. Methods Preliminary phytochemical screening for crude methanol extract of Tylophora hirsuta (Th.Cr) is performed. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity of crude methanol extract is performed. Column chromatography was used for isolation of compounds. Mass spectroscopy, H1 NMR and C13 NMR were used for structural determination of compounds. α-amyrin acetate was tried for possible spasmolytic activity in rabbit’s jejunal preparations and KCl-induced contractions. Results Th.Cr tested positive for saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids. Compound 1 was isolated as α-amyrin acetate. Compound 2 was heptaeicosanol. Crude methanol extract tested positive for brine shrimp cytotoxicity with LC50 492.33± 8.08 mg/ml. Compound 1 tested positive for antispasmodic activity on spontaneous rabbits’ jejunum preparations with EC50 (60 ± 2) × 10-5M. The compound also tested positive on KCl induced contractions with EC50 (72 ± 3) × 10-5M. Conclusions The present work confirms that α-amyrin acetate is has antispasmodic profile and the relaxant effect may be attributed to α-amyrin acetate which is a major compound.
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Pharmacological Effects of Lactuca serriola L. in Experimental Model of Gastrointestinal, Respiratory, and Vascular Ailments. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:304394. [PMID: 23662127 PMCID: PMC3638630 DOI: 10.1155/2013/304394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lactuca serriola L. has traditionally been used in folkloric medicine to manage respiratory, gastrointestinal, and multiple other ailments. The present study was undertaken to explore the effect of methanol extract of L. serriola on isolated rabbit tissue preparations, that is, jejunum, trachea, and aorta in an attempt to validate its folkloric use in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal, respiratory, and vascular ailments. The application of the methanol extract to isolated rabbit jejunum preparations exhibited concentration-dependent spasmogenic effect (0.03 to 3.0 mg/mL), but interestingly further increase in concentration (5.0 mg/mL) resulted in complete spasmolytic effect. The pretreatment of the tissue preparations with atropine (0.1 μM) caused the suppression of the contractile response. Moreover, the same extract also caused relaxation of K+-(80 mM) induced spastic contractions of isolated rabbit jejunum preparations (5.0 mg/mL) and shifted the Ca++ dose response curves towards right at concentration range of 0.3–1.0 mg/mL. Similarly, the extract application to isolated rabbit tracheal preparations relaxed the carbachol-(1 μM) induced (0.3–1.0 mg/mL) as well as K+-(80 mM) induced contractions (3.0 mg/mL). Furthermore, it relaxed the phenylephrine (1 μM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit aorta preparations (3.0 mg/mL) and K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions (1.0 mg/mL). These effects were found comparable to that of dicyclomine, as an antagonist of muscarinic receptors as well as a possible Ca++ channel blocker. The previously mentioned findings may partially justify the folkloric use of Lactuca serriola in the management of conditions pertaining to spasm of intestine, bronchioles, and vasculature.
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Interaminense LDFL, dos Ramos-Alves FE, de Siqueira RJB, Xavier FE, Duarte GP, Magalhães PJC, Maia JGS, Sousa PJDC, Lahlou S. Vasorelaxant effects of 1-nitro-2-phenylethane, the main constituent of the essential oil of Aniba canelilla, in superior mesenteric arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 48:709-16. [PMID: 23313621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the mechanisms underlying the vasorelaxant effects of the essential oil of Aniba canelilla (EOAC) and its main constituent 1-nitro-2-phenylethane (NP) in isolated superior mesenteric artery from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). At 0.1-1000 μg/mL, EOAC and NP relaxed SMA preparations pre-contracted with 75 mMKCl with IC(50) (geometric mean [95% confidence interval]) values of 294.19 [158.20-94.64] and 501.27 [378.60-624.00] μg/mL, respectively); or with phenylephrine (PHE) (IC(50)s=11.07 [6.40-15.68] and 7.91 [4.08-11.74) μg/mL, respectively). All these effects were reversible and remained unaltered by vascular endothelium removal. In preparations maintained under Ca(2+)-free conditions, EOAC and NP (both at 600 μg/mL) reduced the PHE-, but not the caffeine-induced contraction. In Ca(2+)-free and high K(+) (75 mM) medium, the contractions produced by CaCl(2) or BaCl(2) were reduced or even abolished by EOAC and NP at 100 and 600 μg/mL, respectively. EOAC and NP (both at 10-1000 μg/mL) also relaxed the contraction evoked by phorbol dibutyrate (IC(50)=52.66 [10.82-94.64] and 39.13 [31.55-46.72] μg/mL, respectively). It is concluded that NP has a myogenic endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effects and appears to be the active principle of the EOAC. Vasorelaxant effect induced by both EOAC and NP is preferential to receptor-activated pathways and it appears to occur intracellularly more than a superficial action restricted to the membrane environment such as a simple blocking activity on a given receptor or ion channel.
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Abdur Rahman HM, Bashir S, Gilani AH. Calcium channel blocking activity in Desmostachya bipinnata (L.) explains its use in gut and airways disorders. Phytother Res 2012; 27:678-84. [PMID: 22760998 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Desmostachya bipinnata, despite of its popular medicinal uses, has not been widely studied for its effect in diarrhea, indigestion, and asthma. The aim of the present investigation was to provide scientific rationale for these applications. The crude aqueous-methanolic extract of D. bipinnata (Db.Cr) was evaluated through in vivo and in vitro experiments. Db.Cr (100-500 mg/kg) protected mice against castor oil-induced diarrhea, similar to loperamide. When tested on gut preparations, Db.Cr produced an atropine-sensitive spasmogenic effect in rabbit jejunum up to 5 mg/mL, followed by a partial relaxation at 10 mg/mL. With atropine preincubation, a verapamil-like inhibitory effect was evident against spontaneous and high K(+) (80 mM)-induced contractions. The maximum stimulant effect was comparable with the acetylcholine-induced maximum contraction and was similarly reproducible in guinea pig ileum. Db.Cr inhibited carbachol (1 μM)-induced contraction in rabbit trachea but caused an atropine-sensitive accentuation of high K(+) -induced contraction at 0.003-0.3 mg/mL followed by inhibition at 1-5 mg/mL. On activity-directed fractionation, inhibitory effect was concentrated on organic and stimulant effect in aqueous fraction. This study, suggesting the presence of calcium antagonist activity, possibly underlying its medicinal effect in hyperactive gut and respiratory disorders, and cholinergic activity, possibly underlying its digestive effect, provides rationale for these therapeutic uses of D. bipinnata.
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Aziz M, Karim A, El Ouariachi EM, Bouyanzer A, Amrani S, Mekhfi H, Ziyyat A, Melhaoui A, Bnouham M, Legssyer A. Relaxant Effect of Essential Oil of Artemisia herba-alba Asso. on Rodent Jejunum Contractions. Sci Pharm 2012; 80:457-67. [PMID: 22896830 PMCID: PMC3383221 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1106-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia herba-alba Asso. is a shrub commonly encountered in Morocco. It is used in traditional medicine for treating intestinal disorders. The essential oil extracted from the plant's aerial parts reversibly relaxed the spontaneous tonus of the rabbit jejunum in a reversible concentration dependent manner with an IC(50) value of 97.33 ± 2.59 ng/ml and reversed the tonic contraction of rat jejunum induced by 75 mM KCl and 10(-6) M carbachol with IC(50) values of 115.5 ± 3.05 and 119.4 ± 20.86 ng/ml, respectively. The pre-treatment of the latter isolated intestine with this essential oil produced a dose-dependent shift of the Ca(++) and CCh dose-response curve to the right, with suppression of the maximal effect, similar to the non-competitive antagonist effect on muscarinic receptors and calcium channel, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Aziz
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et d’Ethnopharmacologie, Université Mohammed I, Faculté des Sciences, BP 717, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Karim
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et d’Ethnopharmacologie, Université Mohammed I, Faculté des Sciences, BP 717, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - El Mokhtar El Ouariachi
- Laboratoire de Chimie appliquée et Environnement, Université Mohammed I, Faculté des Sciences, BP 717, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abdelhamid Bouyanzer
- Laboratoire de Chimie appliquée et Environnement, Université Mohammed I, Faculté des Sciences, BP 717, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Souliman Amrani
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Université Mohammed I, Faculté des Sciences, BP 717, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Hassane Mekhfi
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et d’Ethnopharmacologie, Université Mohammed I, Faculté des Sciences, BP 717, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Ziyyat
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et d’Ethnopharmacologie, Université Mohammed I, Faculté des Sciences, BP 717, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Melhaoui
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Macromoléculaire et Produits Naturels, Université Mohammed I, Faculté des Sciences, BP 717, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et d’Ethnopharmacologie, Université Mohammed I, Faculté des Sciences, BP 717, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abdelkhaleq Legssyer
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et d’Ethnopharmacologie, Université Mohammed I, Faculté des Sciences, BP 717, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
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Maynard LG, Santos KC, Cunha PS, Barreto AS, Peixoto MG, Arrigoni-Blank F, Blank AF, Alves PB, Bonjardin LR, Santos MRV. Chemical composition and vasorelaxant effect induced by the essential oil of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown. (Verbenaceae) in rat mesenteric artery. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43:694-8. [PMID: 22144776 PMCID: PMC3229787 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.89828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the chemical composition and vasorelaxant effect of the essential oil of Lippia alba (EOLA) in rat mesenteric artery. Material and Methods: Chemical composition of EOLA was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Vasorelaxant effect was evaluated in vitro in rat superior mesenteric artery rings. Results: GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of 19 compounds, with geranial (48.58%) and neral (35.42%) being the major constituents. In intact rings precontracted with phenylephrine (Phe: 1 μM), EOLA (100-1000 μg/mL) induced relaxation, where the maximal effect (Emax) was 110.8 ± 10.8%. This effect was not modified after endothelium removal (Emax = 134.8 ± 16.5%), after tetraethylammonium (TEA) (Emax = 117.2 ± 4.96%), or in rings precontracted with KCl (80 mM) (Emax = 112.6 ± 6.70%). In addition, EOLA was able to inhibit the contraction caused by CaCl2 and produced a small but significant (P<0.05) additional effect (from 70.5 ± 3.4 to 105.3 ± 13.5%, n = 5) on the maximal relaxation of nifedipine (NIF: 10 μM). Conclusions: The results demonstrated that EOLA induces endothelium-independent vasorelaxation, which appears to be caused, at least in part, by blocking Ca2+ influx through voltage-operated Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana G Maynard
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão - SE, Brazil
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Ali N, Ahmed G, Ali Shah SW, Shah I, Ghias M, Khan I. Acute toxicity, brine shrimp cytotoxicity and relaxant activity of fruits of callistemon citrinus curtis. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 11:99. [PMID: 22024247 PMCID: PMC3216858 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-11-99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Callistemon citrinus Curtis belongs to family Myrtaceae that has a great medicinal importance. In our previous work, fruits of Callistemon citrinus were reported to have relaxant (antispasmodic) activity. The current work describes the screening of fractions of the crude methanol extract for tracing spasmolytic constituents so that it shall help us for isolation of bioactive compounds. Acute toxicity and brine shrimp cytotoxicity of crude methanol extract are also performed to standardize it. METHODS The crude methanol extract was obtained by maceration with distilled water (500 ml) three times and fractionated successively with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol (300 ml of each solvent). Phytochemical analysis for crude methanol extract was performed. Acute toxicity studies were performed in mice. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity studies were performed to determine its cytotoxicity and standardize it. In other series of experiments, rabbits' jejunum preparations were used in screening for possible relaxant activities of various fractions. They were applied in concentrations of 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/ml on spontaneous rabbits' jejunum preparations. In similar fashion, fractions were also tested on KCl (80 mM) -induced contractions. Calcium chloride curves were constructed in K-rich Tyrode's solution. The effects of various fractions were tested on calcium chloride curves at concentrations 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/ml. Curves of verapamil used as reference drug at concentration 0.1 μM and 0.3 μM were also constructed. The curves were compared with their respective controls for possible right shift. RESULTS Methanol extract tested strongly positive for saponins and tannins. However, it tested mild positive for presence of proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates and phenolic compounds. LD(50) value for crude methanol extract is 476.25 ± 10.3 (470-481, n = 4) mg/ml. Similarly, EC(50) value for brine shrimp cytotoxicity is 65.5 ± 7.28 (60.8- 69.4, n = 4) mg/ml. All the fractions relaxed the spontaneous and KCl-induced contractions. EC(50) values (mg/ml) for effects of ethyl acetate fraction on spontaneous and KCl induced contractions are 2.62 ± 0.78 (2.15-3.0, n = 4) and 3.72 ± 0.86 (3.38-4.28, n = 4) respectively. Respective EC(50) values (mg/ml) for n-butanol fraction are 3.59 ± 0.2(3.07-3.9, n = 4) for spontaneous, and 5.57 ± 0.2 (5.07-6.11, n = 4) for KCl- induced contractions. EC(50) value for control calcium chloride curve (without extract) is -2.73 ± 0.19 (-2.6 - -2.81, n = 4) while EC(50) for curves treated with 5.0 mg/ml of chloroform is -2.22 ± 0.02 (-2.16 - -2.3, n = 4). EC(50) value for ethyl acetate treated (1.0 mg/ml) tissues is -1.95 ± 0.10 (-1.88 - -2.0, n = 4) vs. control EC(50) = -2.71 ± 0.08 (-2.66 - -2.76, n = 4). All the fractions, except n-hexane, showed a right shift like that of verapamil (EC(50) = -1.72 ± 0.15 (-1.62 - -1.8, n = 4) vs. Control EC(50) = -2.41 ± 0.06 (-2.38 - - 2.44, n = 4), a standard drug that blocks voltage operated calcium channels. CONCLUSION Relaxant constituents were more concentrated in ethylacetate fraction followed by chloroform, n -butanol and aqueous fractions that warrant for its isolation. The crude methanol extract is safe at concentration 250 mg/ml or below and results of brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay imply the plant specie may be a source of cytotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niaz Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Ghayour Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Ismail Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Ghias
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir, KPK, Pakistan
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Shah AJ, Gilani AH, Abbas K, Rasheed M, Ahmed A, Ahmad VU. Studies on the chemical composition and possible mechanisms underlying the antispasmodic and bronchodilatory activities of the essential oil of Artemisia maritima L. Arch Pharm Res 2011; 34:1227-38. [PMID: 21910043 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-0801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the chemical composition of the essential oil of Artemisia maritima (Am.Oil) and the pharmacological basis for its medicinal use in gut and airways disorders. Twenty five compounds, composing 93.7% of the oil, were identified; among these, chrysanthenyl propionate and elixene were identified for the first time from any Artemisia species. The Am.Oil (0.3-1.0 mg/mL) suppressed spontaneous and high K(+) (80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum, suggestive of an antispasmodic effect mediated possibly through calcium channel blockade. The calcium channel blockade activity was confirmed when pre-treatment of the tissue with Am.Oil (0.01-0.03 mg/mL) shifted the Ca(++) concentration-response curves to the right, similar to verapamil and papaverine. In isolated tracheal strips, Am.Oil inhibited carbachol (CCh; 1 μM)-induced contractions more than that induced by K(+) and shifted the isoprenaline-induced inhibitory CRCs to the left, similar to papaverine, suggestive of potentiation, while, verapamil was more potent against K(+) than CCh-induced contractions and had no potentiating effect on isoprenaline-induced inhibitory CRCs. These data indicate that the Am.Oil exhibited spasmolytic and bronchodilator activities mediated possibly through dual blockade of calcium channels and phosphodiesterase, which provides the pharmacological basis to the medicinal use of Artemisia maritima in colic, diarrhea and possibly asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Jabbar Shah
- Drug Discovery and Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
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