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Russell PS, Hong J, Trevaskis NL, Windsor JA, Martin ND, Phillips ARJ. Lymphatic Contractile Function: A Comprehensive Review of Drug Effects and Potential Clinical Application. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2437-2457. [PMID: 34415332 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lymphatic system and the cardiovascular system work together to maintain body fluid homeostasis. Despite that, the lymphatic system has been relatively neglected as a potential drug target and a source of adverse effects from cardiovascular drugs. Like the heart, the lymphatic vessels undergo phasic contractions to promote lymph flow against a pressure gradient. Dysfunction or failure of the lymphatic pump results in fluid imbalance and tissue oedema. While this can due to drug effects, it is also a feature of breast cancer-associated lymphoedema, chronic venous insufficiency, congestive heart failure and acute systemic inflammation. There are currently no specific drug treatments for lymphatic pump dysfunction in clinical use despite the wealth of data from pre-clinical studies. AIM To identify (1) drugs with direct effects on lymphatic tonic and phasic contractions with potential for clinical application, and (2) drugs in current clinical use that have a positive or negative side effect on lymphatic function. METHODS We comprehensively reviewed all studies that tested the direct effect of a drug on the contractile function of lymphatic vessels. RESULTS Of the 208 drugs identified from 193 studies, about a quarter had only stimulatory effects on lymphatic tone, contraction frequency and/or contraction amplitude. Of FDA-approved drugs, there were 14 that increased lymphatic phasic contractile function. The most frequently used class of drug with inhibitory effects on lymphatic pump function were the calcium channels blockers. CONCLUSION This review highlights the opportunity for specific drug treatments of lymphatic dysfunction in various disease states and for avoiding adverse drug effects on lymphatic contractile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Russell
- Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jiwon Hong
- Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Natalie L Trevaskis
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John A Windsor
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Niels D Martin
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anthony R J Phillips
- Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Pal S, Nath S, Meininger CJ, Gashev AA. Emerging Roles of Mast Cells in the Regulation of Lymphatic Immuno-Physiology. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1234. [PMID: 32625213 PMCID: PMC7311670 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are abundant in almost all vascularized tissues. Furthermore, their anatomical proximity to lymphatic vessels and their ability to synthesize, store and release a large array of inflammatory and vasoactive mediators emphasize their significance in the regulation of the lymphatic vascular functions. As a major secretory cell of the innate immune system, MCs maintain their steady-state granule release under normal physiological conditions; however, the inflammatory response potentiates their ability to synthesize and secrete these mediators. Activation of MCs in response to inflammatory signals can trigger adaptive immune responses by dendritic cell-directed T cell activation. In addition, through the secretion of various mediators, cytokines and growth factors, MCs not only facilitate interaction and migration of immune cells, but also influence lymphatic permeability, contractility, and vascular remodeling as well as immune cell trafficking through the lymphatic vessels. In summary, the consequences of these events directly affect the lymphatic niche, influencing inflammation at multiple levels. In this review, we have summarized the recent advancements in our understanding of the MC biology in the context of the lymphatic vascular system. We have further highlighted the MC-lymphatic interaction axis from the standpoint of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Pal
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Shubhankar Nath
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cynthia J Meininger
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Anatoliy A Gashev
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States
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Pal S, Gasheva OY, Zawieja DC, Meininger CJ, Gashev AA. Histamine-mediated autocrine signaling in mesenteric perilymphatic mast cells. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R590-R604. [PMID: 31913658 PMCID: PMC7099465 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00255.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels play a critical role in mounting a proper immune response by trafficking peripheral immune cells to draining lymph nodes. Mast cells (MCs) are well known for their roles in type I hypersensitivity reactions, but little is known about their secretory regulation in the lymphatic niche. MCs, as innate sensor and effector cells, reside close to mesenteric lymphatic vessels (MLVs), and their activation and ability to release histamine influences the lymphatic microenvironment in a histamine-NF-κB-dependent manner. Using an established experimental protocol involving surgical isolation of rat mesenteric tissue segments, including MLVs and surrounding perilymphatic tissues, we tested the hypothesis that perilymphatic mesenteric MCs possess histamine receptors (HRs) that bind and respond to the histamine released from these same MCs. Under various experimental conditions, including inflammatory stimulation by LPS, we measured histamine in mesenteric perilymphatic tissues, evaluated expression of histidine decarboxylase in MCs along with the degree of MC degranulation, assessed the functional status of HRs in MCs, and evaluated the ability of histamine itself to induce MC activation. Finally, we evaluated the importance of MCs and HR1 and -2 for MLV-directed trafficking of CD11b/c-positive cells during acute tissue inflammation. Our data indicate the existence of a functionally potent MC-histamine autocrine regulatory loop, the elements of which are crucially important for acute inflammation-induced trafficking of the CD11b/c-positive cells toward MLVs. This MC-histamine loop serves as a first-line cellular servo control system, playing a key role in the innate and adaptive immune response as well as NF-κB-mediated maintenance of body homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Pal
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Olga Y Gasheva
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - David C Zawieja
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Cynthia J Meininger
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Anatoliy A Gashev
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
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Breslin JW, Yang Y, Scallan JP, Sweat RS, Adderley SP, Murfee WL. Lymphatic Vessel Network Structure and Physiology. Compr Physiol 2018; 9:207-299. [PMID: 30549020 PMCID: PMC6459625 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system is comprised of a network of vessels interrelated with lymphoid tissue, which has the holistic function to maintain the local physiologic environment for every cell in all tissues of the body. The lymphatic system maintains extracellular fluid homeostasis favorable for optimal tissue function, removing substances that arise due to metabolism or cell death, and optimizing immunity against bacteria, viruses, parasites, and other antigens. This article provides a comprehensive review of important findings over the past century along with recent advances in the understanding of the anatomy and physiology of lymphatic vessels, including tissue/organ specificity, development, mechanisms of lymph formation and transport, lymphangiogenesis, and the roles of lymphatics in disease. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:207-299, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome W. Breslin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Joshua P. Scallan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Richard S. Sweat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Shaquria P. Adderley
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - W. Lee Murfee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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Nizamutdinova IT, Dusio GF, Gasheva OY, Skoog H, Tobin R, Peddaboina C, Meininger CJ, Zawieja DC, Newell-Rogers MK, Gashev AA. Mast cells and histamine are triggering the NF-κB-mediated reactions of adult and aged perilymphatic mesenteric tissues to acute inflammation. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:3065-3090. [PMID: 27875806 PMCID: PMC5191886 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish mechanistic links between the aging-associated changes in the functional status of mast cells and the altered responses of mesenteric tissue and mesenteric lymphatic vessels (MLVs) to acute inflammation. We used an in vivo model of acute peritoneal inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide treatment of adult (9-month) and aged (24-month) F-344 rats. We analyzed contractility of isolated MLVs, mast cell activation, activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) without and with stabilization of mast cells by cromolyn or blockade of all types of histamine receptors and production of 27 major pro-inflammatory cytokines in adult and aged perilymphatic mesenteric tissues and blood. We found that the reactivity of aged contracting lymphatic vessels to LPS-induced acute inflammation was abolished and that activated mast cells trigger NF-κB signaling in the mesentery through release of histamine. The aging-associated basal activation of mesenteric mast cells limits acute inflammatory NF-κB activation in aged mesentery. We conclude that proper functioning of the mast cell/histamine/NF-κB axis is necessary for reactions of the lymphatic vessels to acute inflammatory stimuli as well as for interaction and trafficking of immune cells near and within the collecting lymphatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Tsoy Nizamutdinova
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76504, USA
| | - Giuseppina F Dusio
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76504, USA
| | - Olga Yu Gasheva
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76504, USA
| | - Hunter Skoog
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76504, USA
| | - Richard Tobin
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76504, USA
| | - Chander Peddaboina
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76504, USA
| | - Cynthia J Meininger
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76504, USA
| | - David C Zawieja
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76504, USA
| | - M Karen Newell-Rogers
- Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76504, USA
| | - Anatoliy A Gashev
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76504, USA
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Nizamutdinova IT, Maejima D, Nagai T, Meininger CJ, Gashev AA. Histamine as an Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factor in Aged Mesenteric Lymphatic Vessels. Lymphat Res Biol 2017; 15:136-145. [PMID: 28453392 PMCID: PMC5488315 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2016.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of the mechanisms by which aging affects contracting lymphatic vessels remains incomplete; therefore, the functional role of histamine in the reaction of aged lymphatic vessels to increases in flow remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured and analyzed parameters of lymphatic contractility in isolated and pressurized rat mesenteric lymphatic vessels (MLVs) obtained from 9- and 24-month Fischer-344 rats under control conditions and after pharmacological blockade of nitric oxide (NO) by Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME, 100 μM) or/and blockade of histamine production by α-methyl-DL-histidine dihydrochloride (α-MHD, 10 μM). We also quantitatively compared results of immunohistochemical labeling of the histamine-producing enzyme, histidine decarboxylase (HDC) in adult and aged MLVs. Our data provide the first demonstration of an increased functional role of histamine as an endothelial-derived relaxing factor in aged MLVs, which appears in parallel with the abolished role of NO in the reactions of these lymph vessels to increases in flow. In addition, we found an increased expression of HDC in endothelium of aged MLVs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide the basis for better understanding of the processes of aging in lymphatic vessels and for setting new important directions for investigations of the aging-associated disturbances in lymph flow and the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Tsoy Nizamutdinova
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Daisuke Maejima
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
- Department of Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagai
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
- Department of Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Cynthia J. Meininger
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Anatoliy A. Gashev
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
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Scallan JP, Davis MJ. Itching for answers: how histamine relaxes lymphatic vessels. Microcirculation 2015; 21:575-7. [PMID: 25123019 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the current issue of Microcirculation, studies by Kurtz et al. and Nizamutdinova et al. together provide new evidence supporting a role for histamine as an endothelial-derived molecule that inhibits lymphatic muscle contraction. In particular, Nizamutdinova et al. show that the effects of flow-induced shear stress on lymphatic endothelium are mediated by both nitric oxide and histamine, since only blockade of both prevents contraction strength and frequency from being altered by flow. Separately, Kurtz et al. used confocal microscopy to determine a preferential expression of histamine receptors on the lymphatic endothelium and demonstrated that histamine applied to spontaneously contracting collecting lymphatics inhibits contractions. Previous studies disagreed on whether histamine stimulates or inhibits lymphatic contractions, but also used differing concentrations, species, and preparations. Together these new reports shed light on how histamine acts within the lymphatic vasculature, but also raise important questions about the cell type on which histamine exerts its effects and the signaling pathways involved. This editorial briefly discusses the contribution of each study and its relevance to lymphatic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Scallan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Kurtz KH, Moor AN, Souza-Smith FM, Breslin JW. Involvement of H1 and H2 receptors and soluble guanylate cyclase in histamine-induced relaxation of rat mesenteric collecting lymphatics. Microcirculation 2015; 21:593-605. [PMID: 24702851 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the roles of the H1 and H2 histamine receptors, NO synthase, and sGC cyclase in histamine-induced modulation of rat mesenteric collecting lymphatic pumping. METHODS Isolated rat mesenteric collecting lymphatics were treated with 1- to 100-μM histamine. Histamine receptors were blocked with either the H1 antagonist mepyramine or the H2 antagonist cimetidine. The role of NO/sGC signaling was tested using the arginine analog L-NAME, the sGC inhibitor ODQ, and SNP as a positive control. RESULTS Histamine applied at 100 μM decreased tone and CF of isolated rat mesenteric collecting lymphatics. Pharmacologic blockade of either H1 or H2 histamine receptors significantly inhibited the response to histamine. Pretreatment with ODQ, but not L-NAME, completely inhibited the histamine-induced decrease in tone. ODQ pretreatment also significantly inhibited SNP-induced lymphatic relaxation. CONCLUSIONS H1 and H2 histamine receptors are both involved in histamine-induced relaxation of rat mesenteric collecting lymphatics. NO synthesis does not appear to contribute to the histamine-induced response. However, sGC is critical for the histamine-induced decrease in tone and contributes to the drop in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine H Kurtz
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Maejima D, Nagai T, Bridenbaugh EA, Cromer WE, Gashev AA. The position- and lymphatic lumen-controlled tissue chambers to study live lymphatic vessels and surrounding tissues ex vivo. Lymphat Res Biol 2015; 12:150-6. [PMID: 25229433 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2014.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Until now, there has been no tool available to provide lymphatic researchers the ability to perform experiments in tissue explants containing lymphatic vessels under tissue position- and lymphatic lumen-controlled conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS In this article we provide technical details and description of the method of using the newly developed and implemented the position- and lymphatic lumen-controlled tissue chambers to study live lymphatic vessels and surrounding tissues ex vivo. In this study, we, for the first time, performed detailed comparative analysis of the contractile and pumping activity of rat mesenteric lymphatic vessels (MLVs) situated within tissue explants mounted in new tissue chambers and isolated, cannulated, and pressurized rat MLVs maintained in isolated vessel setups. We found no significant differences of the effects of both transmural pressure- and wall shear stress sensitivities of MLVs in tissue chambers and isolated MLVs. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that this new experimental tool, a position- and lymphatic lumen-controlled tissue chamber, allows precise investigation of lymphatic function of MLVs interacting with elements of the tissue microenvironment. This method provides an important new set of experimental tools to investigate lymphatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Maejima
- 1 Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center , Temple, Texas
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Chatterjee V, Gashev AA. Aging-associated shifts in functional status of mast cells located by adult and aged mesenteric lymphatic vessels. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 303:H693-702. [PMID: 22796537 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00378.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We had previously proposed the presence of permanent stimulatory influences in the tissue microenvironment surrounding the aged mesenteric lymphatic vessels (MLV), which influence aged lymphatic function. In this study, we performed immunohistochemical labeling of proteins known to be present in mast cells (mast cell tryptase, c-kit, prostaglandin D(2) synthase, histidine decarboxylase, histamine, transmembrane protein 16A, and TNF-α) with double verification of mast cells in the same segment of rat mesentery containing MLV by labeling with Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated avidin followed by toluidine blue staining. Additionally, we evaluated the aging-associated changes in the number of mast cells located by MLV and in their functional status by inducing mast cell activation by various activators (substance P; anti-rat DNP Immunoglobulin E; peptidoglycan from Staphyloccus aureus and compound 48/80) in the presence of ruthenium red followed by subsequent staining by toluidine blue. We found that there was a 27% aging-associated increase in the total number of mast cells, with an ∼400% increase in the number of activated mast cells in aged mesenteric tissue in resting conditions with diminished ability of mast cells to be newly activated in the presence of inflammatory or chemical stimuli. We conclude that higher degree of preactivation of mast cells in aged mesenteric tissue is important for development of aging-associated impairment of function of mesenteric lymphatic vessels. The limited number of intact aged mast cells located close to the mesenteric lymphatic compartments to react to the presence of acute stimuli may be considered contributory to the aging-associated deteriorations in immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Chatterjee
- Department of Systems Biology and Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Temple, 76504, USA
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Breslin JW. ROCK and cAMP promote lymphatic endothelial cell barrier integrity and modulate histamine and thrombin-induced barrier dysfunction. Lymphat Res Biol 2011; 9:3-11. [PMID: 21417762 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2010.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is recent evidence that inflammatory signals can modulate lymphatic vessel permeability, but current understanding of the mechanisms regulating lymphatic endothelial barrier function is limited. The objectives of this study were to 1) investigate whether inflammatory mediators that increase microvascular permeability also cause barrier dysfunction of lymphatic endothelial cell monolayers, and 2) determine the roles of signaling pathways that affect intercellular junctions and cell contraction in lymphatic endothelial barrier function. METHODS AND RESULTS Transendothelial electrical resistance (TER) of confluent adult human microlymphatic endothelial cells of dermal origin (HMLEC-d) served as an indicator of lymphatic endothelial barrier function. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used to model blood-tissue barrier function. The inflammatory mediators histamine and thrombin each caused a decrease in TER of HMLEC-d and HUVEC monolayers, with notable differences between the two cell types. Treatment with 8-Br-cAMP enhanced HMLEC-d barrier function, which limited histamine and thrombin-induced decreases in TER. Blockade of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) with ML-7 did not affect histamine or thrombin-induced decreases in TER. Treatment with the Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 caused a decrease in HMLEC-d barrier function. CONCLUSIONS These data show that inflammatory mediators can cause lymphatic endothelial barrier dysfunction, although the responses are not identical to those seen with blood endothelial cells. ROCK and cAMP both promote lymphatic endothelial barrier function, however ROCK appears to also serve as a mediator of histamine and thrombin-induced barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome W Breslin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
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von der Weid PY, Muthuchamy M. Regulatory mechanisms in lymphatic vessel contraction under normal and inflammatory conditions. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2010; 17:263-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2009.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2009] [Revised: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Petunov SG, Egorova AA, Orlov RS, Nikitina ER. Effect of histamine on spontaneous contractions of mesenteric lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes of white rats: endothelium-dependent responses. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2010; 432:176-180. [PMID: 20665147 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496610030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S G Petunov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Morisa Toresa 44, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia
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Fox JLR, von der Weid PY. Effects of histamine on the contractile and electrical activity in isolated lymphatic vessels of the guinea-pig mesentery. Br J Pharmacol 2002; 136:1210-8. [PMID: 12163355 PMCID: PMC1573448 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2002] [Revised: 05/23/2002] [Accepted: 05/31/2002] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
1 The effect of histamine on the rate of lymphatic vessel constrictions and lymphatic smooth muscle membrane potential was examined in the guinea-pig mesentery. 2 Histamine (0.01-5 micro M) increased the frequency and decreased the amplitude of constrictions in lymphatic vessels under intraluminal perfusion. This response was accompanied by a depolarization of the smooth muscle membrane potential, an increase in the activity of spontaneous transient depolarizations (STDs), the proposed pacemaker for constrictions in these vessels, and an increase in the occurrence of action potentials. 3 Responses to histamine were inhibited by the H(1) receptor antagonist pyrilamine (0.2 micro M), but unaffected by NO synthase inhibition with N(G)-nitro L-arginine (L-NOARG, 100 micro M) and lysis of the endothelium. 4 In about 50% of the vessels, a decrease in constriction frequency, STD activity and a smooth muscle hyperpolarization were observed in response to dimaprit (10 micro M), suggesting the presence of H(2) receptors. These vessels had also a significantly lower basal contractile rate. Lymphatic vessel pumping was not affected by R-alpha-methylhistamine (10-50 micro M), ruling out a role for H(3) receptor stimulation in the histamine response. 5 The present results suggest a direct action of histamine on the lymphatic smooth muscle via stimulation of H(1) (and in some vessels H(2)) receptors. H(1) receptors enhance and H(2) receptors slow down lymphatic pumping, the dominant effect being an increased contractile activity. Correlation of these effects with histamine-induced changes in membrane potential and STD activity suggests the involvement of these electrical changes in the initiation of the contractile response.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L R Fox
- Mucosal Inflammation and Smooth Muscle Research Groups, Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Pierre-Yves von der Weid
- Mucosal Inflammation and Smooth Muscle Research Groups, Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
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von der Weid PY. Review article: lymphatic vessel pumping and inflammation--the role of spontaneous constrictions and underlying electrical pacemaker potentials. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15:1115-29. [PMID: 11472314 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01037.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic circulation is important in maintaining tissue fluid homeostasis. It removes fluid, proteins and other particles from tissue spaces and returns them to the blood stream. This function is achieved by rhythmical contractions of the collecting lymphatic vessels. The contractile mechanism is intrinsic to the smooth muscles present in the vessel wall and consequent to action potentials. The underlying electrical mechanism has been proposed to be due to rhythmic synchronization of Ca2+-dependent spontaneous transient depolarizations. The lymphatic pumping activity adapts to changes in fluid load and has been observed to augment during inflammatory reactions to help resolve the associated oedema. This beneficial action has been generally attributed to the increase in interstitial pressure consequent to the oedema. However, little attention has been paid to the possible role inflammatory mediators that are present in the lymphatic vessel environment, could play in directly affecting the lymphatic contractile mechanism. This review article discusses our current knowledge on the mechanism and initiation of lymphatic pumping and how these events are modulated during inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Y von der Weid
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Sakai H, Ikomi F, Ohhashi T. Effects of endothelin on spontaneous contractions in lymph vessels. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1999; 277:H459-66. [PMID: 10444469 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.2.h459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A mode of action of endothelin (ET) on spontaneous contractions was investigated in ring preparations of isolated bovine mesenteric lymphatics. ET-1 at concentrations between 10(-10) and 10(-9) M caused a dose-dependent increase in the frequency of spontaneous contractions. The specific ET(A)-receptor antagonist BQ-123 (5 x 10(-7) M) caused a significant inhibition of the ET-1-induced positive chronotropic effect in the ring preparations with and without the endothelium. Mechanical denudation of the lymphatic endothelial cells produced a significant potentiation of the ET-induced positive chronotropic effect. BQ-3020 (10(-8)-10(-7) M), a selective ET(B)-receptor agonist, induced dose dependently negative chronotropic and inotropic effects on the spontaneous contractions in the ring preparations with intact endothelium. Mechanical removal of the endothelium caused a significant reduction of the BQ-3020-induced negative chronotropic and inotropic effects. The ET-1-induced positive chronotropic effect was potentiated by pretreatment with N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (10(-5) M) but unaffected by aspirin (10(-5) M). Additional treatment with L-arginine (10(-4) M) completely reversed the L-NAME-mediated potentiation of the ET-induced chronotropic effect. These results suggest that stimulation of ET(A) receptors on the lymphatic smooth muscles causes a positive chronotropic effect on the spontaneous contractions, and stimulation of ET(B) receptors on the lymphatic endothelial cells induces a release of nitric oxide, which results in the chronotropic and inotropic effects on spontaneous contractions in isolated bovine mesenteric lymphatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sakai
- The First Department of Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohhashi
- 1st Department of Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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