New isomeric analogues of anti-HIV active azidonucleosides

Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of AZT analogues with A spacer arm between glucidic and base moieties. Part II

This article describes the synthesis of a series of AZT analogues bearing an acyclic chain between the sugar and the base moieties is described. These new compounds were readily obtained using microwave irradiation. The compounds were characterized by (1)H NMR and IR spectroscopy. Antiviral (HIV-1) properties of these compounds were examined.

Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of novel exomethylene acyclic nucleosides and phosphonic acid nucleosides

This paper describes a very simple synthesis route of novel acyclic nucleosides and phosphonic acid nucleosides. The condensation of the mesylates 6 and 17 with the natural nucleosidic bases (A, C, U, T) under nucleophilic substitution (K(2)CO(3), 18-Crown-6, DMF) and deprotection afforded the target nucleosides (11, 12, 13, 14) and phosphonic acid nucleosides (22, 23, 24, 25). In addition, these compounds were evaluated for their antiviral properties against various viruses. Uracil derivative 24 shows significant anti-HCMV activity (EC(50) = 10.24 microM).

Synthesis and Anti-HCMV Activity of Novel 5′-Norcarboacyclic Nucleosides

A very simple route for synthesizing a novel carboacyclic version of 5 cent-noraristeromycin is described. Condensation of the mesylates 9 and 23 with the natural nucleosidic bases (A, U, T, C) under standard nucleophilic substitution (K(2)CO(3), 18-Crown-6, DMF) and deblocking conditions, afforded the target nucleosides 14, 15, 16, 17, 28, 29, 30, and 31. In addition, these compounds were evaluated for their antiviral properties against various viruses.

Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel anomeric branched carbocyclic nucleosides

Novel anomeric branched carbocyclic nucleosides were synthesized from 1,3-dihydroxy acetone. 4'-Hydroxymethyl was installed by [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement reaction and 1'-methyl group was introduced by carbonyl addition of methylmagnesium bromide. The coupling of nucleosidic bases and desilylation afforded a series of novel nucleosides. The synthesized compounds 16-19 were evaluated for their antiviral activity against HIV-1, HSV-1, HSV-2, and EMCV. Compounds 16 and 19 exhibit toxicity non-related to any anti-HIV-1 activity.

In Silico Studies toward the Discovery of New Anti-HIV Nucleoside Compounds through the Use of TOPS-MODE and 2D/3D Connectivity Indices. 2. Purine Derivatives

The TOPological Substructural MOlecular DEsign (TOPS-MODE) approach has been used to predict the anti-HIV activity in MT-4 assays (Estrada et al., 2002) of a diverse range of purine-based nucleosides. A database of 206 nucleosides has been selected from the literature and a theoretical virtual screening model has been developed. The model is able of discriminating between compounds that have anti-HIV activity and those that do not, with a good classification level of 85% in the training and 82.8% in the cross-validation series. On the basis of the information generated by the model, the correct classification of practically 80% of compounds from an external prediction set has been achieved using the theoretical model. Furthermore, the contribution of a range of molecular fragments to the pharmacological action has been calculated and this could provide a powerful tool in the design of nucleoside analogues that show activity against the HIV. Finally, a QSAR model has been developed that allows quantitative data to be obtained regarding the pharmacological potency shown by this type of compound.

Synthesis and antiviral activity of novelc-methyl branched cyclopropyl nucleosides

A series of novel cyclopropyl nucleosides was synthesized using the highly stereoselective Simmons-Smith reaction starting from 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-mannitol. The structural assignments of these nucleosides were determined by NMR studies and X-ray crystallography. All the synthesized nucleosides were assayed against several viruses.

Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel exomethylene cyclopropyl pyrimidine nucleosides

A series of novel exomethylene cyclopropyl nucleosides have been synthesized starting from Feist's acid. Classical nucleophilic substitution conditions (K2CO3, 18-crown-6) of the tosylate 2 as well as Mitsunobu reaction (DEAD, PPh3) of alcohol 1 with pyrimidine bases afforded a series of novel cyclopropyl nucleosides. Compound 4b displayed moderate anti-HBV activity without any cytotoxicity up to 100 microM.

Synthesis and anti-HCMV activity of novel acyclic nucleosides

A series of novel acyclic nucleosides 10, 11, 21, and 22 were synthesized efficiently starting from D-lactose. The condensation of the mesylate 5 and 16 with an adenine and cytosine base under standard nucleophilic substitution conditions (K2CO3, 18-Crown-6, DMF) afforded a series of acyclic novel nucleosides. Compound 21 displayed moderate anti-HCMV activity in the AD-169 cells (EC50 = 18.5 microg/mL) without exhibiting any cytotoxicity up to 100 microM.