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Zhao B, Che H, Li L, Hu L, Yi W, Xiao L, Liu S, Hou Z. Asperuloside regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562 through the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23580. [PMID: 38226258 PMCID: PMC10788273 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant hematopoietic stem cell disease caused by excessive proliferation and abnormal differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Asperuloside (ASP) is considered to have good biological activity and may be a good anti-CML drug. Objective This study aimed to explore the effects and possible mechanisms of ASP on the biological behavior of K562 cells based on RNA-seq. Materials and methods The IC50 of ASP in K562 cells was calculated by the concentration-effect curve. Cell viability, apoptosis, and differentiation were detected by CCK8, flow cytometry, benzidine staining, and WB analysis, respectively. Further, RNA-seq was used to analyze the possible mechanism of ASP regulating K562 cells. Results ASP significantly inhibited the proliferation, and promoted apoptosis and differentiation of K562 cells. A total of 117 differentially expressed genes were screened by RNA-seq, mainly involved in the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway. PD98059 was used to inhibit the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway in K562 cells, and results confirmed that PD98059 could not only inhibit the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway, but also inhibit the regulation of ASP on the proliferation and differentiation of K562 cells. Conclusion ASP inhibited the proliferation, promoted apoptosis and differentiation of K562 cells by regulating the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway, and played a good anti-CML role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Linlin Li
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Lian Hu
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Wenjing Yi
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Songshan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Zhufa Hou
- Department of Hematology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
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Houser JS, Patel M, Wright K, Onopiuk M, Tsiokas L, Humphrey MB. The inhibitor of MyoD Family A (I-MFA) regulates megakaryocyte lineage commitment and terminal differentiation. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2023; 102:102760. [PMID: 37267696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis and lineage commitment are regulated by several conserved cell-intrinsic signaling pathways, including MAPKs and β-catenin/TCF/LEF. The Inhibitor of MyoD Family A (I-MFA), a transcriptional repressor and tumor suppressor gene, interacts with these pathways and is dysregulated in chronic and acute myeloid leukemias, suggesting it may play a role in development and differentiation during hematopoiesis. To study this, immune cell populations in the bone marrow (BM) and periphery were analyzed in mice lacking Mdfi, encoding I-MFA (I-MFA-/-), and wild type (WT) controls. I-MFA-/- mice had reduced spleen and BM cellularity, with significant hyposplenism, compared to WT mice. In blood, total red blood cells and platelet counts were significantly reduced in I-MFA-/- mice, accompanied by a reduction in megakaryocyte (MK)/erythrocyte progenitor cells and an increase in myeloid progenitors in BM compared to WT mice. The K562 cell line exhibits PMA-induced MK differentiation, and shRNA knockdown of I-MFA resulted in reduced differentiation compared to control, with an increase and prolongation in phospho-JNK and phospho-ERK signaling. Overexpression of I-MFA promoted MK differentiation. These results suggest I-MFA plays a cell-intrinsic role in the response to differentiation signals, an effect that can be explored in the context of hematological cancers or other blood proliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy S Houser
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Maulin Patel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Kyle Wright
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Marta Onopiuk
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Leonidas Tsiokas
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Mary Beth Humphrey
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America; Oklahoma City Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America.
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Jo JH, Park JU, Kim YM, Ok SM, Kim DK, Jung DH, Kim HJ, Seong HA, Cho HJ, Nah J, Kim S, Fu H, Redon CE, Aladjem MI, Jang SM. RepID represses megakaryocytic differentiation by recruiting CRL4A-JARID1A at DAB2 promoter. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:219. [PMID: 37612584 PMCID: PMC10463337 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01246-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Megakaryocytes (MKs) are platelet precursors, which arise from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). While MK lineage commitment and differentiation are accompanied by changes in gene expression, many factors that modulate megakaryopoiesis remain to be uncovered. Replication initiation determinant protein (RepID) which has multiple histone-code reader including bromodomain, cryptic Tudor domain and WD40 domains and Cullin 4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4) recruited to chromatin mediated by RepID have potential roles in gene expression changes via epigenetic regulations. We aimed to investigate whether RepID-CRL4 participates in transcriptional changes required for MK differentiation. METHODS The PCR array was performed using cDNAs derived from RepID-proficient or RepID-deficient K562 erythroleukemia cell lines. Correlation between RepID and DAB2 expression was examined in the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) through the CellMinerCDB portal. The acceleration of MK differentiation in RepID-deficient K562 cells was determined by estimating cell sizes as well as counting multinucleated cells known as MK phenotypes, and by qRT-PCR analysis to validate transcripts of MK markers using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-mediated MK differentiation condition. Interaction between CRL4 and histone methylation modifying enzymes were investigated using BioGRID database, immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assay. Alterations of expression and chromatin binding affinities of RepID, CRL4 and histone methylation modifying enzymes were investigated using subcellular fractionation followed by immunoblotting. RepID-CRL4-JARID1A-based epigenetic changes on DAB2 promoter were analyzed by chromatin-immunoprecipitation and qPCR analysis. RESULTS RepID-deficient K562 cells highly expressing MK markers showed accelerated MKs differentiation exhibiting increases in cell size, lobulated nuclei together with reaching maximum levels of MK marker expression earlier than RepID-proficient K562 cells. Recovery of WD40 domain-containing RepID constructs in RepID-deficient background repressed DAB2 expression. CRL4A formed complex with histone H3K4 demethylase JARID1A in soluble nucleus and loaded to the DAB2 promoter in a RepID-dependent manner during proliferation condition. RepID, CRL4A, and JARID1A were dissociated from the chromatin during MK differentiation, leading to euchromatinization of the DAB2 promoter. CONCLUSION This study uncovered a role for the RepID-CRL4A-JARID1A pathway in the regulation of gene expression for MK differentiation, which can form the basis for the new therapeutic approaches to induce platelet production. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Jo
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Uk Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Mu Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Mi Ok
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ji Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-A Seong
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Je Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Nah
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjune Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Haiqing Fu
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4255, USA
| | - Christophe E Redon
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4255, USA
| | - Mirit I Aladjem
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4255, USA
| | - Sang-Min Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
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Jo JH, Ok SM, Kim DK, Kim YM, Park JU, Jung DH, Kim HJ, Seong HA, Cho HJ, Nah J, Kim S, Fu H, Redon CE, Aladjem MI, Jang SM. RepID represses megakaryocytic differentiation by recruiting CRL4A-JARID1A at DAB2 promoter. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3045396. [PMID: 37461562 PMCID: PMC10350187 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3045396/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Megakaryocytes (MKs) are platelet precursors, which arise from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). While MK lineage commitment and differentiation are accompanied by changes in gene expression, many factors that modulate megakaryopoiesis remain to be uncovered. Replication origin binding protein (RepID) which has multiple histone-code reader including bromodomain, cryptic Tudor domain and WD40 domains and Cullin 4-RING ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4) recruited to chromatin mediated by RepID have potential roles in gene expression changes via epigenetic regulations. We aimed to investigate whether RepID-CRL4 participates in transcriptional changes required for MK differentiation. Methods The PCR array was performed using cDNAs derived from RepID-proficient or RepID-deficient K562 erythroleukemia cell lines. Correlation between RepID and DAB2 expression was examined in the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) through the CellMinerCDB portal. The acceleration of MK differentiation in RepID-deficient K562 cells was determined by estimating cell sizes as well as counting multinucleated cells known as MK phenotypes, and by qRT-PCR analysis to validate transcripts of MK markers using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-mediated MK differentiation condition. Interaction between CRL4 and histone methylation modifying enzymes were investigated using BioGRID database, immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assay. Alterations of expression and chromatin binding affinities of RepID, CRL4 and histone methylation modifying enzymes were investigated using subcellular fractionation followed by immunoblotting. RepID-CRL4-JARID1A-based epigenetic changes on DAB2 promoter were analyzed by chromatin-immunoprecipitation and qPCR analysis. Results RepID-deficient K562 cells highly expressing MK markers showed accelerated MKs differentiation exhibiting increases in cell size, lobulated nuclei together with reaching maximum levels of MK marker expression earlier than RepID-proficient K562 cells. Recovery of WD40 domain-containing RepID constructs in RepID-deficient background repressed DAB2 expression. CRL4A formed complex with histone H3K4 demethylase JARID1A in soluble nucleus and loaded to the DAB2 promoter in a RepID-dependent manner during proliferation condition. RepID, CRL4A, and JARID1A were dissociated from the chromatin during MK differentiation, leading to euchromatinization of the DAB2 promoter. Conclusion This study uncovered a role for the RepID-CRL4A-JARID1A pathway in the regulation of gene expression for MK differentiation, which can form the basis for the new therapeutic approaches to induce platelet production.
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Acchioni C, Acchioni M, Mancini F, Amendola A, Marsili G, Tirelli V, Gwee CP, Chan KWK, Sandini S, Bisbocci M, Mysara M, ElHefnawi M, Sanchez M, Venturi G, Barreca ML, Manfroni G, Bresciani A, Vasudevan SG, Sgarbanti M. A cellular screening platform, stably expressing DENV2 NS5, defines a novel anti-DENV mechanism of action of Apigenin based on STAT2 activation. Virology 2023; 583:1-13. [PMID: 37060797 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN-I) evasion by Dengue virus (DENV) is key in DENV pathogenesis. The non-structural protein 5 (NS5) antagonizes IFN-I response through the degradation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2). We developed a K562 cell-based platform, for high throughput screening of compounds potentially counteracting the NS5-mediated antagonism of IFN-I signaling. Upon a screening with a library of 1220 approved drugs, 3 compounds previously linked to DENV inhibition (Apigenin, Chrysin, and Luteolin) were identified. Luteolin and Apigenin determined a significant inhibition of DENV2 replication in Huh7 cells and the restoration of STAT2 phosphorylation in both cell systems. Apigenin and Luteolin were able to stimulate STAT2 even in the absence of infection. Despite the "promiscuous" and "pan-assay-interfering" nature of Luteolin, Apigenin promotes STAT2 Tyr 689 phosphorylation and activation, highlighting the importance of screening for compounds able to interact with host factors, to counteract viral proteins capable of dampening innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Acchioni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marta Acchioni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Flavia Mancini
- National HIV/AIDS Research Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Antonello Amendola
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Marsili
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Tirelli
- Core Facility Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Chin Piaw Gwee
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8-College Road, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Kitti Wing-Ki Chan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8-College Road, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Silvia Sandini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Monica Bisbocci
- Department of Translational and Discovery Research, IRBM S.p.A., Pomezia, Roma, Italy.
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- Bioinformatics Group, Center for Informatics Sciences (CIS), School of Information Technology and Computer Science (ITCS), Nile University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud ElHefnawi
- Biomedical Informatics and Chemoinformatics Group, Informatics and Systems Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Massimo Sanchez
- Core Facility Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulietta Venturi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Letizia Barreca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Perugia, Via Del Liceo 1, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Manfroni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Perugia, Via Del Liceo 1, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Alberto Bresciani
- Department of Translational and Discovery Research, IRBM S.p.A., Pomezia, Roma, Italy
| | - Subhash G Vasudevan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8-College Road, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Marco Sgarbanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Naturally Occurring Bicoumarin Compound Daphnoretin Inhibits Growth and Induces Megakaryocytic Differentiation in Human Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203252. [PMID: 36291120 PMCID: PMC9600978 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Daphnoretin extracted from the stem and roots of Wikstroemia indica (L.) C.A. Mey has been shown to possess antiviral and antitumor activities. Herein, we hypothesized that daphnoretin might induce megakaryocytic differentiation, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of cells and serving as a differentiation therapy agent for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Daphnoretin-treated K562 and HEL cells were examined for growth inhibition, cell morphology, and megakaryocyte-specific markers. Potential mechanisms of megakaryocytic differentiation of daphnoretin-treated K562 cells were evaluated. The results showed that daphnoretin inhibited the growth of K562 and HEL cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analyses revealed that daphnoretin treatment slightly increased the proportion of sub-G1 and polyploid cells compared to that of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-treated control cells. Morphological examination showed that daphnoretin-treated K562 and HEL cells exhibited enlarged contours and multinucleation as megakaryocytic characteristics compared to DMSO-treated control cells. Daphnoretin treatment also dramatically enhanced the expression of megakaryocytic markers CD61 and CD41. Under optimal megakaryocytic differentiation conditions, daphnoretin increased the phosphorylation of STAT3 but not STAT5. In summary, daphnoretin inhibited cell growth and induced megakaryocytic differentiation in K562 and HEL cells. The efficacy of daphnoretin in vivo and in patients with CML may need further investigations for validation.
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Caulis Polygoni Multiflori Accelerates Megakaryopoiesis and Thrombopoiesis via Activating PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK Signaling Pathways. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101204. [PMID: 36297316 PMCID: PMC9607024 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is one of the most common complications of cancer therapy. Until now, there are still no satisfactory medications to treat chemotherapy and radiation-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT and RIT, respectively). Caulis Polygoni Multiflori (CPM), one of the most commonly used Chinese herbs, has been well documented to nourish blood for tranquilizing the mind and treating anemia, suggesting its beneficial effect on hematopoiesis. However, it is unknown whether CPM can accelerate megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. Here, we employ a UHPLC Q–Exactive HF-X mass spectrometer (UHPLC QE HF-X MS) to identify 11 ingredients in CPM. Then, in vitro experiments showed that CPM significantly increased megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation and maturation but did not affect apoptosis and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release of K562 and Meg-01 cells. More importantly, animal experiments verified that CPM treatment markedly accelerated platelet recovery, megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis in RIT mice without hepatic and renal toxicities in vivo. Finally, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and western blot were used to determine that CPM increased the expression of proteins related to PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK (MAPK) signaling pathways. On the contrary, blocking PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling pathways with their specific inhibitors suppressed MK differentiation induced by CPM. In conclusion, for the first time, our study demonstrates that CPM may be a promised thrombopoietic agent and provide an experimental basis for expanding clinical use.
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García-Montolio M, Ballaré C, Blanco E, Gutiérrez A, Aranda S, Gómez A, Kok CH, Yeung DT, Hughes TP, Vizán P, Di Croce L. Polycomb Factor PHF19 Controls Cell Growth and Differentiation Toward Erythroid Pathway in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:655201. [PMID: 33996816 PMCID: PMC8116664 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.655201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycomb group (PcG) of proteins are a group of highly conserved epigenetic regulators involved in many biological functions, such as embryonic development, cell proliferation, and adult stem cell determination. PHD finger protein 19 (PHF19) is an associated factor of Polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2), often upregulated in human cancers. In particular, myeloid leukemia cell lines show increased levels of PHF19, yet little is known about its function. Here, we have characterized the role of PHF19 in myeloid leukemia cells. We demonstrated that PHF19 depletion decreases cell proliferation and promotes chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) differentiation. Mechanistically, we have shown how PHF19 regulates the proliferation of CML through a direct regulation of the cell cycle inhibitor p21. Furthermore, we observed that MTF2, a PHF19 homolog, partially compensates for PHF19 depletion in a subset of target genes, instructing specific erythroid differentiation. Taken together, our results show that PHF19 is a key transcriptional regulator for cell fate determination and could be a potential therapeutic target for myeloid leukemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc García-Montolio
- Epigenetics Events in Cancer Laboratory, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Ballaré
- Epigenetics Events in Cancer Laboratory, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Blanco
- Epigenetics Events in Cancer Laboratory, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arantxa Gutiérrez
- Epigenetics Events in Cancer Laboratory, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Aranda
- Epigenetics Events in Cancer Laboratory, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Gómez
- Rheumatology Department, Rheumatology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chung H Kok
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David T Yeung
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy P Hughes
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Pedro Vizán
- Epigenetics Events in Cancer Laboratory, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luciano Di Croce
- Epigenetics Events in Cancer Laboratory, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
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Mortazavi Farsani SS, Sadeghizadeh M, Gholampour MA, Safari Z, Najafi F. Nanocurcumin as a novel stimulator of megakaryopoiesis that ameliorates chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in mice. Life Sci 2020; 256:117840. [PMID: 32450173 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Platelet production improvement can resolve concerns about the limitations of external platelet supply and platelet transfusion in thrombocytopenia patients. To this end, scientists encourage to induce the generation of megakaryocyte and platelet. Curcumin is a safe ingredient of turmeric that affects various cellular pathways. The effect of this component on platelet production has not been yet reported. MAIN METHODS Our in vitro experiments include the investigation of the effects of nanocurcumin on megakaryocytes production from K562 cells and hematopoietic stem cells via megakaryocyte markers expression, DNA content, ROS, and morphologic analysis, and CFC assay. The regulatory functions of MAPKs pathways were also determined. In the in vivo study tissue distribution of nanocurcumin was determined and two treatment schedules were used to evaluate the capability of nanocurcumin to prevent the occurrence of Busulfan-induced thrombocytopenia in the mouse model. KEY FINDING In vitro evidences demonstrated that nanocurcumin can induce MK production from K562 cells and hematopoietic stem cells. Inhibition of ERK1/2 and JNK pathways arrested this activity. In vivo experiments showed the uptake of nanocurcumin by tissues in mice. Administration of nanocurcumin could preserve bone marrow integrity and increase of the number of circulating platelets in the Busulfan-treated mice models. SIGNIFICANCE Our results have demonstrated that nanocurcumin administration can be useful for the improvement of megakaryocytes and platelet generation in vitro. This component may be exerting these beneficial effects on megakaryopoiesis by modulating ERK1/2 and JNK pathways. As well as nanocurcumin has the potential to prevent thrombocytopenia in chemotherapy threated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Majid Sadeghizadeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Gholampour
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Safari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhood Najafi
- Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Liu H, Tang F, Su J, Ma J, Qin Y, Ji L, Geng H, Wang S, Zhang P, Liu J, Cui S, Ge RL, Li Z. EPAS1 regulates proliferation of erythroblasts in chronic mountain sickness. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2020; 84:102446. [PMID: 32470757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Excessive erythrocytosis (EE) is a characteristic of chronic mountain sickness (CMS). Currently, the pathogenesis of CMS remains unclear. This study was intended to investigate the role of EPAS1 in the proliferation of erythroblasts in CMS. Changes of HIF-1α and EPAS1/HIF-2α in the bone marrow erythroblasts of 21 patients with CMS and 14 control subjects residing at the same altitudes were determined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. We also developed a lentiviral vector, Lv-EPAS1/sh-EPAS1, to over-express/silence EPAS1 in K562 cells. Cells cycle and proliferation were detected by flow cytometry. Transcriptome analyses were carried out on Illumina. CMS patients showed a higher expression of EPAS1/HIF-2α in the bone marrow erythroblasts than those of controls. Variations in EPAS1 expression in CMS patients were positively correlated with RBC levels, and negatively correlated with SaO2. Over-expressing of EPAS1 in K562 cells accelerated the erythroid cells cycle progression and promoted the erythroid cells proliferation-and vice versa. Transcriptome data indicated that proliferation-related DEGs were significantly enriched in EPAS1 overexpression/silencing K562 cells. Our results suggest that EPAS1 might participate in the pathogenesis of EE by regulating the proliferation of erythroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Liu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yajing Qin
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Linhua Ji
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Hui Geng
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Shengyan Wang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Peili Zhang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Junli Liu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Sen Cui
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Ri-Li Ge
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China; Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Zhanquan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China.
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11
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Yen JH, Lin CY, Chuang CH, Chin HK, Wu MJ, Chen PY. Nobiletin Promotes Megakaryocytic Differentiation through the MAPK/ERK-Dependent EGR1 Expression and Exerts Anti-Leukemic Effects in Human Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) K562 Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040877. [PMID: 32260160 PMCID: PMC7226785 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation therapy is an alternative strategy used to induce the differentiation of blast cells toward mature cells and to inhibit tumor cell proliferation for cancer treatment. Nobiletin (NOB), a polymethoxyflavone phytochemical, is present abundantly in citrus peels and has been reported to possess anti-cancer activity. In this study, we investigated the anti-leukemic effects of NOB on cell differentiation and its underlying mechanisms in human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) K562 cells. NOB (100 μM) treatment for 24 and 48 h significantly decreased viability of K562 cells to 54.4 ± 5.3% and 46.2 ± 9.9%, respectively. NOB (10–100 μM) significantly inhibited cell growth in K562 cells. Flow cytometry analysis and immunoblotting data showed that NOB (40 and 80 μM) could modulate the cell cycle regulators including p21, p27, and cyclin D2, and induce G1 phase arrest. NOB also increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of megakaryocytic differentiation markers, such as CD61, CD41, and CD42 as well as the formation of large cells with multi-lobulated nuclei in K562 cells. These results suggested that NOB facilitated K562 cells toward megakaryocytic differentiation. Furthermore, microarray analysis showed that expression of EGR1, a gene associated with promotion of megakaryocytic differentiation, was markedly elevated in NOB-treated K562 cells. The knockdown of EGR1 expression by small interference RNA (siRNA) could significantly attenuate NOB-mediated cell differentiation. We further elucidated that NOB induced EGR1 expression and CD61 expression through increases in MAPK/ERK phosphorylation in K562 cells. These results indicate that NOB promotes megakaryocytic differentiation through the MAPK/ERK pathway-dependent EGR1 expression in human CML cells. In addition, NOB when combined with imatinib could synergistically reduce the viability of K562 cells. Our findings suggest that NOB may serve as a beneficial anti-leukemic agent for differentiation therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Early Growth Response Protein 1/metabolism
- Flavones/chemistry
- Flavones/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Gene Ontology
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects
- Megakaryocytes/drug effects
- Megakaryocytes/pathology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Hung Yen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (J.-H.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Ching-Yen Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (J.-H.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Chin-Hsien Chuang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (J.-H.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Hsien-Kuo Chin
- Division of Cardiovascular, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Jiuan Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71710, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Yi Chen
- Center of Medical Genetics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-3-856-3092
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12
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Induction of apoptosis and differentiation by Na/H exchanger 1 modulation in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:887-893. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Norman TM, Horlbeck MA, Replogle JM, Ge AY, Xu A, Jost M, Gilbert LA, Weissman JS. Exploring genetic interaction manifolds constructed from rich single-cell phenotypes. Science 2019; 365:786-793. [PMID: 31395745 PMCID: PMC6746554 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax4438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
How cellular and organismal complexity emerges from combinatorial expression of genes is a central question in biology. High-content phenotyping approaches such as Perturb-seq (single-cell RNA-sequencing pooled CRISPR screens) present an opportunity for exploring such genetic interactions (GIs) at scale. Here, we present an analytical framework for interpreting high-dimensional landscapes of cell states (manifolds) constructed from transcriptional phenotypes. We applied this approach to Perturb-seq profiling of strong GIs mined from a growth-based, gain-of-function GI map. Exploration of this manifold enabled ordering of regulatory pathways, principled classification of GIs (e.g., identifying suppressors), and mechanistic elucidation of synergistic interactions, including an unexpected synergy between CBL and CNN1 driving erythroid differentiation. Finally, we applied recommender system machine learning to predict interactions, facilitating exploration of vastly larger GI manifolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Norman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Max A Horlbeck
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joseph M Replogle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alex Y Ge
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Albert Xu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Marco Jost
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Luke A Gilbert
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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14
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Kwiatkowski BA, Burwick NR, Richard RE. DLGAP1 directs megakaryocytic growth and differentiation in an MPL dependent manner in hematopoietic cells. Biomark Res 2019; 7:13. [PMID: 31321035 PMCID: PMC6615210 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-019-0165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The MPL protein is a major regulator of megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation as well as stem cell regulation. Aberrant MPL and downstream Jak/STAT signaling results in the development of the Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN). The pathogenetic and phenotypic features of the classical MPNs cannot be explained by the known mutations and genetic variants associated with the disease. Methods In order to identify potential pathways involved in MPN development, we have performed a functional screen using retroviral insertional mutagenesis in cells dependent on MPL activation. We have used viral transduction and plasmid transfections to test the effects of candidate gene overexpression on growth and differentiation of megakaryocytic cells. The shRNA approach was used to test for the effects of candidate gene downregulation in cells. All effects were tested with candidate gene alone or in presence of hematopoietic relevant kinases in the growth medium. We assayed the candidate gene cellular localization in varying growth conditions by immunofluorescence. Flow Cytometry was used for testing of transduction efficiency and for sorting of positive cells. Results We have identified the DLGAP1 gene, a member of the Scribble cell polarity complex, as one of the most prominent positive candidates. Analyses in hematopoietic cell lines revealed DLGAP1 centrosomal and cytoplasmic localization. The centrosomal localization of DLGAP1 was cell cycle dependent and hematopoietic relevant tyrosine kinases: Jak2, SRC and MAPK as well as the CDK1 kinase promoted DLGAP1 dissociation from centrosomes. DLGAP1 negatively affected the growth rate of MPL dependent hematopoietic cells and supported megakaryocytic cells polyploidization, which was correlated with its dissociation from centrosomes. Conclusions Our data support the conclusion that DLGAP1 is a novel, potent factor in MPL signaling, affecting megakaryocytic growth and differentiation, relevant to be investigated further as a prominent candidate in MPN development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40364-019-0165-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boguslaw A Kwiatkowski
- Seattle Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Research, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, 1660 South Columbian Way, S-111-ONC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA
| | - Nicolas R Burwick
- Seattle Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Research, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, 1660 South Columbian Way, S-111-ONC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA
| | - Robert E Richard
- Seattle Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Research, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, 1660 South Columbian Way, S-111-ONC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA
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15
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Tataranni T, Mazzoccoli C, Agriesti F, De Luca L, Laurenzana I, Simeon V, Ruggieri V, Pacelli C, Della Sala G, Musto P, Capitanio N, Piccoli C. Deferasirox drives ROS-mediated differentiation and induces interferon-stimulated gene expression in human healthy haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and in leukemia cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:171. [PMID: 31196186 PMCID: PMC6567456 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1293-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Administration of the iron chelator deferasirox (DFX) in transfusion-dependent patients occasionally results in haematopoiesis recovery by a mechanism remaining elusive. This study aimed to investigate at a molecular level a general mechanism underlying DFX beneficial effects on haematopoiesis, both in healthy and pathological conditions. Methods Human healthy haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HS/PCs) and three leukemia cell lines were treated with DFX. N-Acetyl cysteine (NAC) and fludarabine were added as antioxidant and STAT1 inhibitor, respectively. In vitro colony-forming assays were assessed both in healthy and in leukemia cells. Intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as mitochondrial content were assessed by cytofluorimetric and confocal microscopy analysis; mtDNA was assessed by qRT-PCR. Differentiation markers were monitored by cytofluorimetric analysis. Gene expression analysis (GEA) was performed on healthy HS/PCs, and differently expressed genes were validated in healthy and leukemia cells by qRT-PCR. STAT1 expression and phosphorylation were assessed by Western blotting. Data were compared by an unpaired Student t test or one-way ANOVA. Results DFX, at clinically relevant concentrations, increased the clonogenic capacity of healthy human CD34+ HS/PCs to form erythroid colonies. Extension of this analysis to human-derived leukemia cell lines Kasumi-1, K562 and HL60 confirmed DFX capacity to upregulate the expression of specific markers of haematopoietic commitment. Notably, the abovementioned DFX-induced effects are all prevented by the antioxidant NAC and accompanied with overproduction of mitochondria-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase of mitochondrial content and mtDNA copy number. GEA unveiled upregulation of genes linked to interferon (IFN) signalling and tracked back to hyper-phosphorylation of STAT1. Treatment of leukemic cell lines with NAC prevented the DFX-mediated phosphorylation of STAT1 as well as the expression of the IFN-stimulated genes. However, STAT1 inhibition by fludarabine was not sufficient to affect differentiation processes in leukemic cell lines. Conclusions These findings suggest a significant involvement of redox signalling as a major regulator of multiple DFX-orchestrated events promoting differentiation in healthy and tumour cells. The understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the haematological response by DFX would enable to predict patient’s ability to respond to the drug, to extend treatment to other patients or to anticipate the treatment, regardless of the iron overload. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1293-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Tataranni
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Carmela Mazzoccoli
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Francesca Agriesti
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Luciana De Luca
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Ilaria Laurenzana
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Vittorio Simeon
- Department of Public, Clinical and Preventive Medicine, Medical Statistics Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Vitalba Ruggieri
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Consiglia Pacelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gerardo Della Sala
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Hematology Department of Basilicata, IRCCS-CROB Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Capitanio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudia Piccoli
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy. .,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
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16
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Grosso RA, Caldarone PVS, Sánchez MC, Chiabrando GA, Colombo MI, Fader CM. Hemin induces autophagy in a leukemic erythroblast cell line through the LRP1 receptor. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181156. [PMID: 30523204 PMCID: PMC6328880 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemin is an erythropoietic inductor capable of inducing autophagy in erythroid-like cell lines. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a transmembrane receptor involved in a wide range of cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism. Our aim was to evaluate whether LRP1 is responsible for hemin activity in K562 cells, with the results demonstrating a three-fold increase in LRP1 gene expression levels (P-values <0.001) when assessed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Moreover, a 70% higher protein amount was observed compared with control condition (P-values <0.01) by Western blot (WB). Time kinetic assays demonstrated a peak in light chain 3 (LC3) II (LC3II) levels after 8 h of hemin stimulation and the localization of LRP1 in the autophagosome structures. Silencing LRP1 by siRNA decreased drastically the hemin-induced autophagy activity by almost 80% compared with control cells (P-values <0.01). Confocal localization and biochemical analysis indicated a significant redistribution of LRP1 from early endosomes and recycling compartments to late endosomes and autophagolysosomes, where the receptor is degraded. We conclude that LRP1 is responsible for hemin-induced autophagy activity in the erythroblastic cell line and that hemin-LRP1 complex activation promotes a self-regulation of the receptor. Our results suggest that hemin, via the LRP1 receptor, favors erythroid maturation by inducing an autophagic response, making it a possible therapeutic candidate to help in the treatment of hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Adrian Grosso
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Paula Virginia Subirada Caldarone
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Sánchez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Alberto Chiabrando
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
| | - María Isabel Colombo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Claudio Marcelo Fader
- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Odontología, Mendoza, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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17
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Gao M, Zhao B, Chen M, Liu Y, Xu M, Wang Z, Liu S, Zhang C. Nrf-2-driven long noncoding RNA ODRUL contributes to modulating silver nanoparticle-induced effects on erythroid cells. Biomaterials 2017; 130:14-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Singh D, Upadhyay G, Sengupta A, Biplob MA, Chakyayil S, George T, Saleque S. Cooperative Stimulation of Megakaryocytic Differentiation by Gfi1b Gene Targets Kindlin3 and Talin1. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164506. [PMID: 27768697 PMCID: PMC5074496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the production and differentiation of megakaryocytes from progenitors is crucial for realizing the biology and functions of these vital cells. Previous gene ablation studies demonstrated the essential role of the transcriptional repressor Gfi1b (growth factor independence 1b) in the generation of both erythroid and megakaryocytic cells. However, our recent work has demonstrated the down-regulation of this factor during megakaryocytic differentiation. In this study we identify two new gene targets of Gfi1b, the cytoskeletal proteins Kindlin3 and Talin1, and demonstrate the inverse expression and functions of these cytoskeletal targets relative to Gfi1b, during megakaryocytic differentiation. Both kindlin3 and talin1 promoters exhibit dose dependent Gfi1b and LSD1 (lysine specific demethylase 1; a Gfi1b cofactor) enrichment in megakaryocytes and repression in non-hematopoietic cells. Accordingly the expression of these genes is elevated in gfi1b mutant and LSD1 inhibited hematopoietic cells, while during megakaryocytic differentiation, declining Gfi1b levels fostered the reciprocal upregulation of these cytoskeletal factors. Concordantly, manipulation of Kindlin3 and Talin1 expression demonstrated positive correlation with megakaryocytic differentiation with over-expression stimulating, and inhibition diminishing, this process. Co-operativity between these factors and integrins in promoting differentiation was further underscored by physical interactions between them and integrinβ3/CD61 and by stimulation of differentiation by the Talin1 head domain, which is necessary and sufficient for integrin activation. Therefore this study demonstrates the significance of Gfi1b regulated Kindlin3-Talin1 expression in driving megakaryocytic differentiation and highlights the contribution of cytoskeletal agents in the developmental progression of these platelet progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Singh
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Ghanshyam Upadhyay
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Ananya Sengupta
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Mohammed A. Biplob
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Shaleen Chakyayil
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Tiji George
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
| | - Shireen Saleque
- Department of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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19
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Schlinker AC, Duncan MT, DeLuca TA, Whitehead DC, Miller WM. Megakaryocyte Polyploidization and Proplatelet Formation in Low-Attachment Conditions. Biochem Eng J 2016; 111:24-33. [PMID: 27087780 DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In vitro-derived platelets (PLTs), which could provide an alternative source of PLTs for patient transfusions, are formed from polyploid megakaryocytes (MKs) that extend long cytoplasmic projections, termed proplatelets (proPLTs). In this study, we compared polyploidization and proPLT formation (PPF) of MKs cultured on surfaces that either promote or inhibit protein adsorption and subsequent cell adhesion. A megakaryoblastic cell line exhibited increased polyploidization and arrested PPF on a low-attachment surface. Primary human MKs also showed low levels of PPF on the same surface, but no difference in ploidy. Importantly, both cell types exhibited accelerated PPF after transfer to a surface that supports attachment, suggesting that pre-culture on a non-adhesive surface may facilitate synchronization of PPF and PLT generation in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina C Schlinker
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Mark T Duncan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Teresa A DeLuca
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - David C Whitehead
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - William M Miller
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
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20
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Huang HL, Lin TW, Huang YL, Huang RL. Induction of apoptosis and differentiation by atractylenolide-1 isolated from Atractylodes macrocephala in human leukemia cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1905-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fader CM, Salassa BN, Grosso RA, Vergara AN, Colombo MI. Hemin induces mitophagy in a leukemic erythroblast cell line. Biol Cell 2016; 108:77-95. [PMID: 26773440 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201500058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION In eukaryotic cells, autophagy is considered a lysosomal catabolic process which participates in the degradation of intracellular components in a vacuolar structure termed autolysosome. This pathway plays a significant role in the erythropoiesis process, contributing to the clearance of some organelles (such as mitochondria) that are not necessary in the mature red blood cells. Nevertheless, the role of autophagy in erythrocyte maturation has not been fully established. RESULTS Here, we have demonstrated that hemin (a physiological erythroid maturation stimulator) is able to induce the expression of critical autophagic genes (i.e., Map1a1b (LC3), Beclin-1 gen, Atg5) in an erythroleukemia cell type. We have also shown that hemin increased the size of autophagic vacuoles which were labelled with LC3 and the degradative lysosomal marker dye quenched-bovine serum albumin. In addition, we have determined by Western blot a rise in the lipidated form of the autophagic protein LC3 (i.e., LC3-II) upon hemin treatment. Moreover, we provide evidence that hemin induces mitochondrial membrane depolarisation and that mitochondria sequestration by autophagy requires the active form of the NIX protein. CONCLUSIONS We have found that the physiological erythroid maturation stimulator hemin is able to induce mitophagy in K562 cells, and that the autophagy adaptor NIX is necessary for mitophagy progression. K562 cells have been used as a relevant model to determine the possible therapeutic role of new differentiating compounds. SIGNIFICANCE It has been proposed that autophagy induction is a feasible new therapeutic key in fighting cancer. Our results suggest that hemin is favoring erythroid maturation by inducing an autophagic response in K562 cells, being a possible therapeutic candidate that may help in the chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Marcelo Fader
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina.,Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Betiana Nebaí Salassa
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Rubén Adrián Grosso
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | | | - María Isabel Colombo
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Mendoza, Argentina.,Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
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Sengupta A, Upadhyay G, Sen S, Saleque S. Reciprocal regulation of alternative lineages by Rgs18 and its transcriptional repressor Gfi1b. J Cell Sci 2015; 129:145-54. [PMID: 26567214 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.177519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate diversification of cellular lineages from multi-potent progenitors is essential for normal development and homeostasis. The specification of erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages represents an especially vital developmental event whose molecular regulation remains incompletely defined. We now demonstrate the role of Rgs18, a GTPase-activating protein and transcriptional target of the repressor Gfi1b, in regulating these processes in mouse and human cells. Gfi1b stringently represses Rgs18 expression in erythroid cells, whereas, during megakaryocytic differentiation, declining Gfi1b levels facilitate a robust induction of Rgs18. Concordantly, alterations in Rgs18 expression produce disparate outcomes by augmenting megakaryocytic and potently suppressing erythroid differentiation and vice versa. These phenotypes reflect the differential impact of Rgs18 on signaling through p38 MAPK family proteins, and ERK1 and ERK2 (also known as MAPK3 and MAPK1, respectively) in the two lineages, which in turn alter the balance between the mutually antagonistic transcription factors Fli1 and Klf1. Overall, these results identify Rgs18 as a new and crucial effector of Gfi1b that regulates downstream signaling and gene expression programs to orchestrate erythro-megakaryocytic lineage choices. This dual role of Rgs18 in reciprocally regulating divergent lineages could exemplify generic mechanisms characteristic of multiple family members in different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Sengupta
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Ghanshyam Upadhyay
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Sayani Sen
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Shireen Saleque
- Dept. of Biology, The City College of New York and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
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23
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Ishii Y, Nhiayi MK, Tse E, Cheng J, Massimino M, Durden DL, Vigneri P, Wang JYJ. Knockout Serum Replacement Promotes Cell Survival by Preventing BIM from Inducing Mitochondrial Cytochrome C Release. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140585. [PMID: 26473951 PMCID: PMC4608728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Knockout serum replacement (KOSR) is a nutrient supplement commonly used to replace serum for culturing stem cells. We show here that KOSR has pro-survival activity in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells transformed by the BCR-ABL oncogene. Inhibitors of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase kill CML cells by stimulating pro-apoptotic BIM and inhibiting anti-apoptotic BCL2, BCLxL and MCL1. We found that KOSR protects CML cells from killing by BCR-ABL inhibitors—imatinib, dasatinib and nilotinib. The protective effect of KOSR is reversible and not due to the selective outgrowth of drug-resistant clones. In KOSR-protected CML cells, imatinib still inhibited the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, reduced the phosphorylation of STAT, ERK and AKT, down-regulated BCL2, BCLxL, MCL1 and up-regulated BIM. However, these pro-apoptotic alterations failed to cause cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. With mitochondria isolated from KOSR-cultured CML cells, we showed that addition of recombinant BIM protein also failed to cause cytochrome c release. Besides the kinase inhibitors, KOSR could protect cells from menadione, an inducer of oxidative stress, but it did not protect cells from DNA damaging agents. Switching from serum to KOSR caused a transient increase in reactive oxygen species and AKT phosphorylation in CML cells that were protected by KOSR but not in those that were not protected by this nutrient supplement. Treatment of KOSR-cultured cells with the PH-domain inhibitor MK2206 blocked AKT phosphorylation, abrogated the formation of BIM-resistant mitochondria and stimulated cell death. These results show that KOSR has cell-context dependent pro-survival activity that is linked to AKT activation and the inhibition of BIM-induced cytochrome c release from the mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ishii
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - May Keu Nhiayi
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Edison Tse
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Cheng
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Michele Massimino
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Donald L. Durden
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Paolo Vigneri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Bio-Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Jean Y. J. Wang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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24
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Jin UH, Chung TW, Song KH, Kwak CH, Choi HJ, Ha KT, Chang YC, Lee YC, Kim CH. Ganglioside GM3 is required for caffeic acid phenethyl ester-induced megakaryocytic differentiation of human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cells. Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 92:243-9. [PMID: 24934090 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human chronic myelogenous cell line K562 has been used extensively as a model for the study of leukemia differentiation. We show here that treatment of K562 cells with caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) induced a majority of cells to differentiate towards the megakaryocytic lineage. Microscopy analysis showed that K562 cells treated with CAPE exhibited characteristic features of physiological megakaryocytic differentiation, including the presence of vacuoles and demarcation membranes. Differentiation of K562 cells treated with CAPE was also accompanied by a net increase in megakaryocytic markers. The transcriptional activity of lactosylceramide α-2,3-sialyltransferase (GM3 synthase) and synthesis of ganglioside GM3 were increased by CAPE treatment. The promoter analysis of GM3 synthase demonstrated that CAPE induced the expression of GM3 synthase mRNA via activation of the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), transcription factor in nucleus. Interestingly, the inhibition of ganglioside GM3 synthesis by D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propranol (D-PDMP) and GM3 synthase-siRNA blocked the CAPE-induced expression of the megakaryocytic markers and differentiation of K562 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that CAPE induces ganglioside GM3-mediated megakaryocytic differentiation of human chronic myelogenous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Un-Ho Jin
- a Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-Gu, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do 440-746, Korea
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25
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Li C, Peart N, Xuan Z, Lewis DE, Xia Y, Jin J. PMA induces SnoN proteolysis and CD61 expression through an autocrine mechanism. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1369-78. [PMID: 24637302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, also called PMA, is a small molecule that activates protein kinase C and functions to differentiate hematologic lineage cells. However, the mechanism of PMA-induced cellular differentiation is not fully understood. We found that PMA triggers global enhancement of protein ubiquitination in K562, a myelogenous leukemia cell line and one of the enhanced-ubiquitination targets is SnoN, an inhibitor of the Smad signaling pathway. Our data indicated that PMA stimulated the production of Activin A, a cytokine of the TGF-β family. Activin A then activated the phosphorylation of both Smad2 and Smad3. In consequence, SnoN is ubiquitinated by the APC(Cdh1) ubiquitin ligase with the help of phosphorylated Smad2. Furthermore, we found that SnoN proteolysis is important for the expression of CD61, a marker of megakaryocyte. These results indicate that protein ubiquitination promotes megakaryopoiesis via degrading SnoN, an inhibitor of CD61 expression, strengths the roles of ubiquitination in cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonghua Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, United States
| | - Natoya Peart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, United States; Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Zhenyu Xuan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Dorothy E Lewis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, United States
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, United States; Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Jianping Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, United States; Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
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26
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Yan HW, Hu WX, Zhang JY, Wang Y, Xia K, Peng MY, Liu J. Resveratrol induces human K562 cell apoptosis, erythroid differentiation, and autophagy. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:5381-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1701-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Synergistic effect of hydrogen peroxide on polyploidization during the megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 leukemia cells by PMA. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:2205-15. [PMID: 23770036 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The human myelogenous cell line, K562 has been extensively used as a model for the study of megakaryocytic (MK) differentiation, which could be achieved by exposure to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). In this study, real-time PCR analysis revealed that the expression of catalase (cat) was significantly repressed during MK differentiation of K562 cells induced by PMA. In addition, PMA increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, suggesting that ROS was a key factor for PMA-induced differentiation. PMA-differentiated K562 cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to clarify the function of ROS during MK differentiation. Interestingly, the percentage of high-ploidy (DNA content >4N) cells with H2O2 was 34.8±2.3% at day 9, and was 70% larger than that without H2O2 (21.5±0.8%). Further, H2O2 addition during the first 3 days of PMA-induced MK differentiation had the greatest effect on polyploidization. In an effort to elucidate the mechanisms of enhanced polyploidization by H2O2, the BrdU assay clearly indicated that H2O2 suppressed the division of 4N cells into 2N cells, followed by the increased polyploidization of K562 cells. These findings suggest that the enhancement in polyploidization mediated by H2O2 is due to synergistic inhibition of cytokinesis with PMA. Although H2O2 did not increase ploidy during the MK differentiation of primary cells, we clearly observed that cat expression was repressed in both immature and mature primary MK cells, and that treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine effectively blocked and/or delayed the polyploidization of immature MK cells. Together, these findings suggest that MK cells are more sensitive to ROS levels during earlier stages of maturation.
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28
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Hansen A, Corless S, Cleland A, Petrik J, Gilbert N, Bradley M. Polymers for the Cell-Specific Immobilisation of Megakaryocytic Cell Lines. Macromol Biosci 2013; 13:437-43. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201200368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Toscano MG, Anderson P, Muñoz P, Lucena G, Cobo M, Benabdellah K, Gregory PD, Holmes MC, Martin F. Use of zinc-finger nucleases to knock out the WAS gene in K562 cells: a human cellular model for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Dis Model Mech 2013; 6:544-54. [PMID: 23324327 PMCID: PMC3597037 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.010652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the WAS gene cause Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), which is characterized by eczema, immunodeficiency and microthrombocytopenia. Although the role of WASP in lymphocytes and myeloid cells is well characterized, its role on megakaryocyte (MK) development is poorly understood. In order to develop a human cellular model that mimics the megakaryocytic-derived defects observed in WAS patients we used K562 cells, a well-known model for study of megakaryocytic development. We knocked out the WAS gene in K562 cells using a zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN) pair targeting the WAS intron 1 and a homologous donor DNA that disrupted WASP expression. Knockout of WASP on K562 cells (K562WASKO cells) resulted in several megakaryocytic-related defects such as morphological alterations, lower expression of CD41ɑ, lower increments in F-actin polymerization upon stimulation, reduced CD43 expression and increased phosphatidylserine exposure. All these defects have been previously described either in WAS-knockout mice or in WAS patients, validating K562WASKO as a cell model for WAS. However, K562WASPKO cells showed also increased basal F-actin and adhesion, increased expression of CD61 and reduced expression of TGFβ and Factor VIII, defects that have never been described before for WAS-deficient cells. Interestingly, these phenotypic alterations correlate with different roles for WASP in megakaryocytic differentiation. All phenotypic alterations observed in K562WASKO cells were alleviated upon expression of WAS following lentiviral transduction, confirming the role of WASP in these phenotypes. In summary, in this work we have validated a human cellular model, K562WASPKO, that mimics the megakaryocytic-related defects found in WAS-knockout mice and have found evidences for a role of WASP as regulator of megakaryocytic differentiation. We propose the use of K562WASPKO cells as a tool to study the molecular mechanisms involved in the megakaryocytic-related defects observed in WAS patients and as a cellular model to study new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel G Toscano
- Human DNA Variability Department, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Regional Government, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Av. de la Ilustracion 114, 18007 Granada, Spain
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30
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Singh MM, Howard A, Irwin ME, Gao Y, Lu X, Multani A, Chandra J. Expression and activity of Fyn mediate proliferation and blastic features of chronic myelogenous leukemia. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51611. [PMID: 23284724 PMCID: PMC3524192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The BCR-ABL1 oncogene is a tyrosine kinase that activates many signaling pathways, resulting in the induction of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib, have been developed for the treatment of CML; however, the terminal, blast crisis phase of the disease remains a clinical challenge. Blast crisis CML is difficult to treat due to resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, increased genomic instability and acquired secondary mutations. Our recent studies uncovered a role for Fyn in promoting BCR-ABL1 mediated cell growth and sensitivity to imatinib. Here we demonstrate that Fyn contributes to BCR-ABL1 induced genomic instability, a feature of blast crisis CML. Bone marrow cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from Fyn knockout mice transduced with BCR-ABL1 display slowed growth and clonogenic potential as compared to Fyn wild-type BCR-ABL1 expressing counterparts. K562 cells overexpressing constitutively active Fyn kinase were larger in size and displayed an accumulation of genomic abnormalities such as chromosomal aberrations and polyploidy. Importantly, loss of Fyn protected mouse embryonic fibroblast cells from increased number of chromosomal aberrations and fragments induced by BCR-ABL1. Together, these results reveal a novel role for Fyn in regulating events required for genomic maintenance and suggest that Fyn kinase activity plays a role in the progression of CML to blast crisis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Blast Crisis/genetics
- Blast Crisis/metabolism
- Blast Crisis/pathology
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Cycle
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Size
- Cells, Cultured
- Embryo, Mammalian/cytology
- Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/cytology
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Genomic Instability
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Immunoprecipitation
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Singh
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Adrienne Howard
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas at Houston Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mary E. Irwin
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yin Gao
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Asha Multani
- Molecular Cytogenetics Core Facility, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joya Chandra
- Department of Pediatrics Research, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas at Houston Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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31
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Kokorina NA, Granier CJ, Zakharkin SO, Davis S, Rabson AB, Sabaawy HE. PDCD2 knockdown inhibits erythroid but not megakaryocytic lineage differentiation of human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Exp Hematol 2012; 40:1028-1042.e3. [PMID: 22922207 PMCID: PMC5218995 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death-2 (PDCD2) protein is enriched in embryonic, hematopoietic, and neural stem cells, however, its function in stem/progenitor cell differentiation is unclear. We investigated the effects of PDCD2 knockdown on the development and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC). CD34(+) cells derived from normal human bone marrow and K562 leukemic cells were effectively transduced with short-hairpin RNA to knockdown PDCD2. Colony-forming assays were used to investigate the effects of PDCD2 loss on HPC clonogenic potential and on 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate-and arabinofuranosylcytosine-induced terminal differentiation. In CD34(+) clonogenic progenitors, PDCD2 knockdown decreased the total number of colony-forming units, increased the number of colony-forming units-granulocyte-erythroid-macrophage-megakaryocyte and burst-forming unit-erythroid primitive colonies, and decreased the number of burst-forming unit-erythroid mature colonies. Similar results were observed in K562 cells, suggesting that PDCD2 is important for HPC differentiation and/or survival, and for erythroid lineage commitment. Furthermore, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate-induced megakaryocytic differentiation and proliferation of K562 cells was not affected by PDCD2 knockdown. In contrast, arabinofuranosylcytosine-induced erythroid differentiation of K562 cells was significantly reduced with PDCD2 knockdown, with no effect on cell proliferation. The effects of PDCD2 knockdown were attributed to a cell cycle arrest at G(0)/G(1), along with increased messenger RNA expression of early progenitor factors c-MYB and GATA-2, and decreased expression of erythroid factors GATA-1, EpoR, and γ-globin. We conclude that PDCD2 loss of function(s) impedes erythroid differentiation by inducing cell cycle arrest and increasing expression of early hematopoietic progenitor factors. These findings suggest that PDCD2 has a novel regulatory role in human hematopoiesis and is essential for erythroid development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stephani Davis
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Arnold B. Rabson
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Hatem E. Sabaawy
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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The GATA1s isoform is normally down-regulated during terminal haematopoietic differentiation and over-expression leads to failure to repress MYB, CCND2 and SKI during erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. J Hematol Oncol 2012; 5:45. [PMID: 22853316 PMCID: PMC3476960 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-5-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although GATA1 is one of the most extensively studied haematopoietic transcription factors little is currently known about the physiological functions of its naturally occurring isoforms GATA1s and GATA1FL in humans—particularly whether the isoforms have distinct roles in different lineages and whether they have non-redundant roles in haematopoietic differentiation. As well as being of general interest to understanding of haematopoiesis, GATA1 isoform biology is important for children with Down syndrome associated acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (DS-AMKL) where GATA1FL mutations are an essential driver for disease pathogenesis. Methods Human primary cells and cell lines were analyzed using GATA1 isoform specific PCR. K562 cells expressing GATA1s or GATA1FL transgenes were used to model the effects of the two isoforms on in vitro haematopoietic differentiation. Results We found no evidence for lineage specific use of GATA1 isoforms; however GATA1s transcripts, but not GATA1FL transcripts, are down-regulated during in vitro induction of terminal megakaryocytic and erythroid differentiation in the cell line K562. In addition, transgenic K562-GATA1s and K562-GATA1FL cells have distinct gene expression profiles both in steady state and during terminal erythroid differentiation, with GATA1s expression characterised by lack of repression of MYB, CCND2 and SKI. Conclusions These findings support the theory that the GATA1s isoform plays a role in the maintenance of proliferative multipotent megakaryocyte-erythroid precursor cells and must be down-regulated prior to terminal differentiation. In addition our data suggest that SKI may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of children with DS-AMKL.
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Takahashi S. Molecular functions of metallothionein and its role in hematological malignancies. J Hematol Oncol 2012; 5:41. [PMID: 22839501 PMCID: PMC3419633 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-5-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallothionein (MT) was reported to be a potential negative regulator of apoptosis, and various reports have suggested that it may play roles in carcinogenesis and drug resistance, in at least a portion of cancer cells. The author summarizes the current understanding of the molecular functions of MT for tumor cell growth and drug resistance. These activities are regulated through intracellular metal ion modulation and free radical scavenging. Compared with analyses of solid tumors, few studies have analyzed the roles of MT in hematological malignancies. This review mainly describes the functions of MT in hematopoietic cells. Furthermore, through expression analyses of leukemias and lymphomas, the roles of MT in the biology of these diseases are particularly focused upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Takahashi
- Division of Hematology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, 252-0373, Japan.
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Wang G, Deng Y, Cao X, Lai S, Tong Y, Luo X, Feng Y, Xia X, Gong J, Hu J. Blocking p55PIK signaling inhibits proliferation and induces differentiation of leukemia cells. Cell Death Differ 2012; 19:1870-9. [PMID: 22722333 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2012.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
p55PIK, a regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases, promotes cell cycle progression by interacting with cell cycle modulators such as retinoblastoma protein (Rb) via its unique amino-terminal 24 amino-acid residue (N24). Overexpression of N24 specifically inhibits these interactions and leads to cell cycle arrest. Herein, we describe the generation of a fusion protein (Tat transactivator protein (TAT)-N24) that contains the protein transduction domain and N24, and examined its effects on the proliferation and differentiation of leukemia cells. TAT-N24 not only blocks cell proliferation but remarkably induces differentiation of leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo. Systemically administered TAT-N24 also significantly decreases growth of leukemia cell tumors in animal models. Furthermore, overexpression of p55PIK in leukemia cells leads to increased proliferation; however, TAT-N24 blocks this effect and concomitantly induces differentiation. There is significant upregulation of p55PIK mRNA and protein expression in leukemia cells from patients. TAT-N24 inhibits cell cycle progression and induces differentiation of bone marrow cells derived from patients with several different types of leukemia. These results show that cell-permeable N24 peptide induces leukemia cell differentiation and suggest that p55PIK may be a novel drug target for the treatment of hematopoetic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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35
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González-Cortés C, Diez-Tascón C, Guerra-Laso JM, González-Cocaño MC, Rivero-Lezcano OM. Non-chemotactic influence of CXCL7 on human phagocytes. Modulation of antimicrobial activity against L. pneumophila. Immunobiology 2012; 217:394-401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2011.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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Brown G, Hughes PJ, Ceredig R, Michell RH. Versatility and nuances of the architecture of haematopoiesis – Implications for the nature of leukaemia. Leuk Res 2012; 36:14-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2011.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Li X, Zhang J, Gao L, McClellan S, Finan MA, Butler TW, Owen LB, Piazza GA, Xi Y. MiR-181 mediates cell differentiation by interrupting the Lin28 and let-7 feedback circuit. Cell Death Differ 2011; 19:378-86. [PMID: 21979467 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2011.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted attention because of their key regulatory functions in many biological events, including differentiation and tumorigenesis. Recent studies have reported the existence of a reciprocal regulatory loop between the family of let-7 miRNAs and an RNA-binding protein, Lin28, both of which have been documented for their important roles during cell differentiation. Hence, using bipotent K562 human leukemia cells and human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells as research models, we demonstrate that let-7 and Lin28 have contrary roles in megakaryocytic (MK) differentiation with a dynamic balance; expression of miR-181 is capable of effectively repressing Lin28 expression, disrupting the Lin28-let-7 reciprocal regulatory loop, upregulating let-7, and eventually promoting MK differentiation. However, miR-181 lacks a significant effect on hemin-induced erythrocyte differentiation. These results demonstrate that miR-181 can function as a 'molecular switch' during hematopoietic lineage progression specific to MK differentiation, thus providing insight into future development of miRNA-oriented therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong-Dan-San-Tiao, Beijing, China
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Yin L, Ahmad R, Kosugi M, Kawano T, Avigan D, Stone R, Kharbanda S, Kufe D. Terminal differentiation of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells is induced by targeting of the MUC1-C oncoprotein. Cancer Biol Ther 2010; 10:483-91. [PMID: 20592495 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.10.5.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is caused by expression of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein in hematopoietic stem cells. The MUC1-C oncoprotein is expressed in CML blasts and stabilizes Bcr-Abl. The present studies demonstrate that treatment of KU812 and K562 CML cells with GO-201, a cell-penetrating peptide inhibitor of MUC1-C oligomerization, downregulates Bcr-Abl expression and inhibits cell growth. In concert with decreases in Bcr-Abl levels, KU812 and K562 cells responded to GO-201 with induction of a differentiated myeloid phenotype as evidenced by increased expression of CD11b, CD11c and CD14. The results also show that the GO-201-treated cells undergo a late apoptotic/necrotic response, consistent with induction of terminal differentiation. Primary CML blasts expressing MUC1 similarly responded to GO-201 with induction of a more differentiated phenotype and late apoptosis/necrosis. In addition, treatment of KU812 xenografts in nude mice was associated with upregulation of CD11 and tumor regression. These findings indicate that CML blasts respond to targeting of the MUC1-C oncoprotein with induction of terminal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Chang YI, Hua WK, Yao CL, Hwang SM, Hung YC, Kuan CJ, Leou JS, Lin WJ. Protein-arginine methyltransferase 1 suppresses megakaryocytic differentiation via modulation of the p38 MAPK pathway in K562 cells. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:20595-606. [PMID: 20442406 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.092411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) plays pivotal roles in various cellular processes. However, its role in megakaryocytic differentiation has yet to be investigated. Human leukemia K562 cells have been used as a model to study hematopoietic differentiation. In this study, we report that ectopic expression of HA-PRMT1 in K562 cells suppressed phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced megakaryocytic differentiation as demonstrated by changes in cytological characteristics, adhesive properties, and CD41 expression, whereas knockdown of PRMT1 by small interference RNA promoted differentiation. Impairment of the methyltransferase activity of PRMT1 diminished the suppressive effect. These results provide evidence for a novel role of PRMT1 in negative regulation of megakaryocytic differentiation. Activation of ERK MAPK has been shown to be essential for megakaryocytic differentiation, although the role of p38 MAPK is still poorly understood. We show that knockdown of p38alpha MAPK or treatment with the p38 inhibitor SB203580 significantly enhanced PMA-induced megakaryocytic differentiation. Further investigation revealed that PRMT1 promotes activation of p38 MAPK without inhibiting activation of ERK MAPK. In p38alpha knockdown cells, PRMT1 could no longer suppress differentiation. In contrast, enforced expression of p38alpha MAPK suppressed PMA-induced megakaryocytic differentiation of parental K562 as well as PRMT1-knockdown cells. We propose modulation of the p38 MAPK pathway by PRMT1 as a novel mechanism regulating megakaryocytic differentiation. This study thus provides a new perspective on the promotion of megakaryopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-I Chang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
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Gfi-1B controls human erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation by regulating TGF-β signaling at the bipotent erythro-megakaryocytic progenitor stage. Blood 2010; 115:2784-95. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-09-241752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Growth factor independence-1B (Gfi-1B) is a transcriptional repressor essential for erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. Targeted gene disruption of GFI1B in mice leads to embryonic lethality resulting from failure to produce definitive erythrocytes, hindering the study of Gfi-1B function in adult hematopoiesis. We here show that, in humans, Gfi-1B controls the development of erythrocytes and megakaryocytes by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of bipotent erythro-megakaryocytic progenitors. We further identify in this cell population the type III transforming growth factor-β receptor gene, TGFBR3, as a direct target of Gfi-1B. Knockdown of Gfi-1B results in altered transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling as shown by the increase in Smad2 phosphorylation and its inability to associate to the transcription intermediary factor 1-γ (TIF1-γ). Because the Smad2/TIF1-γ complex is known to specifically regulate erythroid differentiation, we propose that, by repressing TGF-β type III receptor (TβRΙII) expression, Gfi-1B favors the Smad2/TIF1-γ interaction downstream of TGF-β signaling, allowing immature progenitors to differentiate toward the erythroid lineage.
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Abstract
Abstract
The role of miRNAs in regulating megakaryocyte differentiation was examined using bipotent K562 human leukemia cells. miR-34a is strongly up-regulated during phorbol ester–induced megakaryocyte differentiation, but not during hemin-induced erythrocyte differentiation. Enforced expression of miR-34a in K562 cells inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell-cycle arrest in G1 phase, and promotes megakaryocyte differentiation as measured by CD41 induction. miR-34a expression is also up-regulated during thrombopoietin-induced differentiation of CD34+ hematopoietic precursors, and its enforced expression in these cells significantly increases the number of megakaryocyte colonies. miR-34a directly regulates expression of MYB, facilitating megakaryocyte differentiation, and of CDK4 and CDK6, to inhibit the G1/S transition. However, these miR-34a target genes are down-regulated rapidly after inducing megakaryocyte differentiation before miR-34a is induced. This suggests that miR-34a is not responsible for the initial down-regulation but may contribute to maintaining their suppression later on. Previous studies have implicated miR-34a as a tumor suppressor gene whose transcription is activated by p53. However, in p53-null K562 cells, phorbol esters induce miR-34a expression independently of p53 by activating an alternative phorbol ester-responsive promoter to produce a longer pri-miR-34a transcript.
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Wandzik K, Zahn C, Dassler K, Fuchs H. Substantial changes of cellular iron homeostasis during megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells. Dev Growth Differ 2009; 51:555-65. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-169x.2009.01118.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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43
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Jin L, Liu G, Zhang CH, Lu CH, Xiong S, Zhang MY, Liu QY, Ge F, He QY, Kitazato K, Kobayashi N, Wang YF. Nm23-H1 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of the human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cell line: a functional proteomics study. Life Sci 2009; 84:458-67. [PMID: 19302816 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2009.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Revised: 01/05/2009] [Accepted: 01/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Nm23-H1 is a suppressor of metastasis that has been implicated in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells, although specific mechanisms for Nm23-H1 have not been well-characterized. Our study is designed to further elucidate the role of Nm23-H1 in the human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cell line. MAIN METHODS In this study we generated and selected two cell clone pools of human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells with up-regulated and down-regulated Nm23-H1 expression. KEY FINDINGS Our data show that knockdown of Nm23-H1 decreased proliferation and increased the percentage of cells arrested in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Correspondingly, K562 cells overexpressing Nm23-H1 were more proliferative. After treatment of these two cell types with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 48 h, cells with reduced Nm23-H1 expression had a higher percentage of 8N ploidy and higher expression of CD41 than K562 cells overexpressing Nm23-H1. A functional proteomics analysis identified ten proteins, including ANP32A, Cdc42GAP, and the isoform 2 of SET, whose expression levels were significantly altered by down-regulation of Nm23-H1. In addition, cells with decreased levels of Nm23-H1 had significantly reduced expression of Cdc42 independent of treatment with PMA. The interaction of the endogenous Nm23-H1 and Cdc42 proteins has been further validated by reciprocal immunoprecipitations. SIGNIFICANCE We provide data that complement functional studies of Nm23-H1 in regulating hematopoietic cells, and address action mechanisms of Nm23-H1 that have not previously been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- The Institute of Pharmacology Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
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44
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Chou CC, Hsu CY. Involvement of PKC in TPA-potentiated apoptosis induction during hemin-mediated erythroid differentiation in K562 cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2009; 379:1-9. [PMID: 18758751 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-008-0347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 08/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Triggering differentiation has been employed as a strategy to inhibit cell proliferation and accelerate apoptosis in malignant cells. To better understand the mechanisms underlying differentiation-mediated regulation of apoptosis, we have studied the effects of PKC pathway with an activator of the protein kinase C, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), during hemin-induced erythroid differentiation of K562 erythroleukemia cells. K562 cell line has been used as a model of common progenitor of erythroblasts and magakaryocytes and can be differentiated into erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages by hemin and TPA, respectively. TPA induced almost complete loss of proliferation during megakaryocytic differentiation in K562 cells. However, upon hemin-mediated erythroid differentiation, the growth rate was slightly decreased at the subtoxic concentrations. Cotreatment with TPA at the hemin-treated K562 cells produced a concentration-dependent increase in cell injuries with apoptotic changes and significantly diminished the erythroid phenotype. To better understand the events implicated, we have used the PKC inhibitors such as bisindolylmaleimide II, RO318220, and the PKCbeta inhibitor. Our data showed that TPA-potentiated apoptosis in hemin-treated K562 cells was rescued by the application of the PKC inhibitors. Taken together, our results suggested the involvement of PKC in TPA-potentiated apoptosis induction during hemin-mediated erythroid differentiation in K562 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih Chung Chou
- Department and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Fooyin University, 151 Chin-Hsueh, Rd., Ta-Liao Hsiang, Kaohsiung Hsien, 831, Taiwan, Republic of China
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45
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Kim HR, Oh BC, Choi JK, Bae SC. Pim-1 kinase phosphorylates and stabilizes RUNX3 and alters its subcellular localization. J Cell Biochem 2008; 105:1048-58. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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46
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Jin UH, Ha KT, Kim KW, Chang YC, Lee YC, Ko JH, Kim CH. Membrane type sialidase inhibits the megakaryocytic differentiation of human leukemia K562 cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2008; 1780:757-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2007] [Revised: 01/23/2008] [Accepted: 01/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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47
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Zhang D, Cho E, Wong J. A critical role for the co-repressor N-CoR in erythroid differentiation and heme synthesis. Cell Res 2008; 17:804-14. [PMID: 17768398 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2007.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-repressor N-CoR (nuclear receptor co-repressor) has important roles in different biological processes, including proliferation, differentiation and development. Mutant mice lacking N-CoR are embryonically lethal and appear to die from anemia owing to defects in definitive erythropoiesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of N-CoR-mediated erythroid differentiation are largely unknown. Using the human erythroleukemic K562 cell line, which can be chemically induced to differentiate into either erythroid or megakaryocytic lineages depending on the inducers used, we have investigated the role of N-CoR in erythroid differentiation. We show that knockdown of N-CoR either transiently (siRNA) or permanently (shRNA) impairs the cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C)- but not hemin-induced erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. RT-PCR analysis reveals that N-CoR is required for induction by Ara-C of 5-aminolevulinate synthase (ALA-S2), a key enzyme involved in heme biosynthesis. Furthermore, the amount of N-CoR proteins increases significantly during Ara-C-induced K562 differentiation, apparently through a post-transcriptional mechanism. Consistent with the data from N-CoR-null mice, N-CoR is not required for the differentiation of K562 cells into megakaryocytic lineages, induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Thus, our in vitro study confirms a role for N-CoR in erythroid differentiation and reveals for the first time that N-CoR is required for the induction of a key enzyme involved in heme synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianzheng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19131-1694, USA
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48
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Meshkini A, Yazdanparast R. Induction of Megakaryocytic Differentiation in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cell K562 by 3-Hydrogenkwadaphnin. BMB Rep 2007; 40:944-51. [DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2007.40.6.944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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49
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Chou CC, Yung BYM, Hsu CY. Involvement of nPKC-MAPK pathway in the decrease of nucleophosmin/B23 during megakaryocytic differentiation of human myelogenous leukemia K562 cells. Life Sci 2007; 80:2051-9. [PMID: 17448503 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2006] [Revised: 01/27/2007] [Accepted: 03/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human myelogenous leukemia K562 cells were induced to undergo megakaryocytic differentiation by long-term treatment with phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA). The protein level of nucleophosmin/B23 (NPM/B23), a nucleolar protein, was substantially decreased upon TPA treatment. In this study, we found that the proteasome inhibitors blocked the decrease of NPM/B23 protein in response to TPA, suggesting the proteasomes were involved in the downregulation of NPM/B23 upon megakaryocytic differentiation. To investigate the signaling pathway in the downregulation of NPM/B23 during early TPA-induced megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells, K562 cells were treated with TPA in the presence of the PKC isozyme-selective inhibitors, GF109203X and Gö 6976, or MEK1 inhibitor, PD98059. The decrease of NPM/B23 protein in the TPA-treated K562 cells was blocked by GF109203X but not by Gö 6976, suggesting the involvement of novel PKCs in the downregulation of NPM/B23 during TPA-induced megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells. The application of MEK1 inhibitor PD98059 upon TPA treatment blocked the TPA-induced decrease of NPM/B23 protein and aborted the megakaryocytic differentiation but not to break through the cell growth arrest. Unlike NPM/B23, the degradation of nucleolin in the TPA-treated K562 cells could not be blocked by PD98059 while the TPA-induced megakaryocytic differentiation was abrogated. The decrease of NPM/B23 protein seems to be more correlated with the novel PKC-MAPK-induced megakaryocytic differentiation than another nucleolar protein, nucleolin. Taken together, our results indicated that novel PKC-MAPK pathway was required for the decrease of NPM/B23 during TPA-induced megakaryocytic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chung Chou
- Department and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Fooyin University, 151 Chin-Hsueh, Rd., Ta-Liao Hsiang, Kaohsiung Hsien, 831 Taiwan, ROC
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50
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Jacquel A, Herrant M, Defamie V, Belhacene N, Colosetti P, Marchetti S, Legros L, Deckert M, Mari B, Cassuto JP, Hofman P, Auberger P. A survey of the signaling pathways involved in megakaryocytic differentiation of the human K562 leukemia cell line by molecular and c-DNA array analysis. Oncogene 2006; 25:781-94. [PMID: 16186797 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The K562 cell line serves as a model to study the molecular mechanisms associated with leukemia differentiation. We show here that cotreatment of K562 cells with PMA and low doses of SB202190 (SB), an inhibitor of the p38 MAPK pathway, induced a majority of cells to differentiate towards the megakaryocytic lineage. Electronic microscopy analysis showed that K562 cells treated with PMA+SB exhibited characteristic features of physiological megakaryocytic differentiation including the presence of vacuoles and demarcation membranes. Differentiation was also accompanied by a net increase in megakaryocytic markers and a reduction of erythroid markers, especially when both effectors were present. PMA effect was selectively mediated by new PKC isoforms. Differentiation of K562 cells by the combination of PMA and SB required Erk1/2 activation, a threshold of JNK activation and p38 MAPK inhibition. Interestingly, higher concentrations of SB, which drastically activated JNK, blocked megakaryocytic differentiation, and considerably increased cell death in the presence of PMA. c-DNA microarray membranes and PCR analysis allow us to identify a set of genes modulated during PMA-induced K562 cell differentiation. Several gene families identified in our screening, including ephrins receptors and some angiogenic factors, had never been reported so far to be regulated during megakaryocytic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jacquel
- INSERM U526, Physiopathologie de la Survie et de la Mort Cellulaires, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice Cedex 2, France
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