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Rosato C, Greco M, Marciante G, Lazzari RA, Indino F, Lobreglio G. Comparison Between Twenty-Four-Hour Collection and Single Spot Urines for the Detection of Biogenic Amines by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Clin Med Res 2024; 16:293-301. [PMID: 39027813 PMCID: PMC11254308 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr5070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) are neuroendocrine tumors that originate from adrenal medulla or extra-adrenal chromaffin cells, respectively. They produce an excess of catecholamines and their metabolites. Abnormal levels of these biomolecules have been also found in pediatric patients with neuroblastoma (NB). Due to the diurnal fluctuation, the laboratory practice recommends the determination of biogenic amines in acidified 24-h urine samples. However, the collection and acidification of specimens cannot be performed easily, especially for children. Spot urines represent an attractive alternative for the detection of catecholamines and corresponding metabolites. Methods In our study, we enrolled 50 patients with symptoms related to PPGL and we determined the concentration values for both spot and 24-h urine samples using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS-MS). Since day variations of the urinary concentration are due to fluctuations in renal excretion rather than in production, we normalized the concentration of biogenic amines in spot urine and in 24-h urine collection to urinary creatinine concentration. A correlation study between the normalized levels of biogenic amines was performed using a linear regression analysis model and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results We obtained a good correlation of values which suggests an interchangeability of the 24-h and random urine samples. Only for epinephrine a weak correlation was determined. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the sample collection as single spot urine may replace 24-h collection for the detection of urinary biogenic amines by HPLC/MS-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rosato
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Unit, “Vito Fazzi” Hospital, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Marilena Greco
- Clinical Pathology Unit, “Sacro Cuore di Gesu” Hospital, Gallipoli 73014, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marciante
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70121, Italy
| | | | - Floriano Indino
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Unit, “Vito Fazzi” Hospital, Lecce 73100, Italy
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Mishra AA, Marceau K. Co-occurring childhood maltreatment exposure and depressive symptoms in adulthood: Testing differential effects of stress dysregulation and perceived stress. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:1837-1846. [PMID: 31155911 PMCID: PMC6889051 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1619166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Objectives were to explore: 1) the association between sub-groups with different multi-type childhood maltreatment exposures and depressive symptoms in late adulthood, and 2) the mediating effects of dysregulated physiological stress system function and perceived stress in midlife on the aforementioned associations.Methods: Data come from the Biomarker project (n = 1,053) of the Midlife Development in the United States study. Latent profile analysis was used to identify sub-groups with differing childhood maltreatment type and chronicity. We then test our mediation hypothesis using a product of coefficients method procedure.Results: Two vulnerable sub-groups were identified (Class 2: Emotional and physical maltreatment class, n = 52, and Class 3: Sexual abuse class, n = 79) along with a normative sub-group (Class 1: Normative class, n = 922) comprising of a majority of adults. Both vulnerable sub-groups had higher levels of perceived stress in late adulthood. Perceived stress mediated the association between both vulnerable sub-groups and depressive symptoms. Physiological stress dysregulation mediated the association only between the emotional and physical maltreatment class and depressive symptoms in late adulthood.Conclusion: Therapeutic approaches targeted at prevention of perceived stress for both vulnerable sub-groups identified in this study and those targeting physiological dysregulation in addition for the emotional and physical maltreatment class could be critical for depressive symptom recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Mishra
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Kristine Marceau
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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Smith GK, Mills C, Paxton A, Christoff K. Mind-wandering rates fluctuate across the day: evidence from an experience-sampling study. Cogn Res Princ Implic 2018; 3:54. [PMID: 30594969 PMCID: PMC6311173 DOI: 10.1186/s41235-018-0141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated reliable fluctuations in attentional processes during the course of the day. Everyday life experience sampling, during which participants respond to "probes" delivered at random intervals throughout the day on their mobile devices, is an effective tool for capturing such diurnal fluctuations in a naturalistic way. The existence of diurnal fluctuations in the case of mind-wandering, however, has not been examined to date. We did so in two studies. In the first study, we employed everyday experience sampling to obtain self-reports from 146 university students who rated the degree of free movement in their thoughts multiple times per day over five days. These time course data were analyzed using multilevel modelling. Freely moving thought was found to fluctuate reliably over the course of the day, with lower ratings reported in the early morning and afternoon and higher ratings around midday and evening. In the second study, we replicated these effects with a reanalysis of data from a past everyday experience-sampling study. We also demonstrated differences in parameter values for the models representing freely moving thought and two common conceptualizations of mind-wandering: task-unrelated thought and stimulus-independent thought. Taken together, the present results establish and replicate a complex pattern of change over the course of the day in how freely thought moves, while also providing further evidence that freedom of movement is dissociable from other dimensions of thought such as its task-relatedness and stimulus-dependence. Future research should focus on probing possible mechanisms behind circadian fluctuations of thought dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caitlin Mills
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- The University of New Hampshire, Durham, USA
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4
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Schiffner R, Rodríguez-González GL, Rakers F, Nistor M, Nathanielsz PW, Daneva T, Schwab M, Lehmann T, Schmidt M. Effects of Late Gestational Fetal Exposure to Dexamethasone Administration on the Postnatal Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Response to Hypoglycemia in Pigs. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112241. [PMID: 29077038 PMCID: PMC5713211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal glucocorticoid administration alters the activity of the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPAA), and correspondingly the adenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels after birth. The dosages required for these effects are critically discussed. Activation of the HPAA is related to metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. Hypoglycemia is the classic side effect of antidiabetic treatment. We hypothesized that a low dosage of dexamethasone in late pregnancy alters the HPAA response to hypoglycemia in pigs. METHODS 12 pregnant sows were randomly assigned to two groups which received either a low-dose intramuscular injection (99th and 100th day of gestation) of dexamethasone (0.06 μg/kg body weight) or vehicle. Three months after birth, 18 dexamethasone-treated anaesthetized offspring and 12 control offspring underwent a 75 min hypoglycemic clamp (blood glucose below 4 mmol/L) procedure. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure, ACTH and cortisol levels and body weight (at birth and after three months) were recorded. RESULTS Dexamethasone-treated animals exhibited significantly elevated ACTH (139.9 ± 12.7 pg/mL) and cortisol (483.1 ± 30.3 nmol/L) levels during hypoglycemia as compared to the control group (41.7 ± 6.5 pg/mL and 257.9 ± 26.7 nmol/L, respectively), as well as an elevated HR (205.5 ± 5.7 bpm) and blood pressure (systolic: 128.6 ± 1.5, diastolic: 85.7 ± 0.7 mmHg) response as compared to the control group (153.2 ± 4.5 bpm; systolic: 118.6 ± 1.6, diastolic: 79.5 ± 1.4 mmHg, respectively; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Low-dose prenatal administration of dexamethasone not only exerts effects on the HPAA (ACTH and cortisol concentration) and vital parameters (HR and diastolic blood pressure) under baseline conditions, but also on ACTH, HR and systolic blood pressure during hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Schiffner
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, 07747 Jena, Germany.
- Orthopaedic Department, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | | | - Florian Rakers
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Marius Nistor
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Peter W Nathanielsz
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, 82071 WY, USA.
| | - Teodora Daneva
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, 07747 Jena, Germany.
| | - Thomas Lehmann
- Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer Sciences and Documentation Science, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Martin Schmidt
- Institute for Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Barha CK, Salvante KG, Hanna CW, Wilson SL, Robinson WP, Altman RM, Nepomnaschy PA. Child mortality, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and cellular aging in mothers. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177869. [PMID: 28542264 PMCID: PMC5444612 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological challenges, including traumatic events, have been hypothesized to increase the age-related pace of biological aging. Here we test the hypothesis that psychological challenges can affect the pace of telomere attrition, a marker of cellular aging, using data from an ongoing longitudinal-cohort study of Kaqchikel Mayan women living in a population with a high frequency of child mortality, a traumatic life event. Specifically, we evaluate the associations between child mortality, maternal telomere length and the mothers’ hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA), or stress axis, activity. Child mortality data were collected in 2000 and 2013. HPAA activity was assessed by quantifying cortisol levels in first morning urinary specimens collected every other day for seven weeks in 2013. Telomere length (TL) was quantified using qPCR in 55 women from buccal specimens collected in 2013. Results: Shorter TL with increasing age was only observed in women who experienced child mortality (p = 0.015). Women with higher average basal cortisol (p = 0.007) and greater within-individual variation (standard deviation) in basal cortisol (p = 0.053) presented shorter TL. Non-parametric bootstrapping to estimate mediation effects suggests that HPAA activity mediates the effect of child mortality on TL. Our results are, thus, consistent with the hypothesis that traumatic events can influence cellular aging and that HPAA activity may play a mediatory role. Future large-scale longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm our results and further explore the role of the HPAA in cellular aging, as well as to advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy K. Barha
- Maternal and Child Health Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katrina G. Salvante
- Maternal and Child Health Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Human Evolutionary Studies Program, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Courtney W. Hanna
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Samantha L. Wilson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wendy P. Robinson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rachel M. Altman
- Statistics and Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pablo A. Nepomnaschy
- Maternal and Child Health Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Human Evolutionary Studies Program, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Development and validation of a specific and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for quantification of urinary catecholamines and application in biological variation studies. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:7287-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nichkova M, Wynveen PM, Marc DT, Huisman H, Kellermann GH. Validation of an ELISA for urinary dopamine: applications in monitoring treatment of dopamine-related disorders. J Neurochem 2013; 125:724-35. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Parks CG, Miller DB, McCanlies EC, Cawthon RM, Andrew ME, DeRoo LA, Sandler DP. Telomere length, current perceived stress, and urinary stress hormones in women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18:551-60. [PMID: 19190150 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences that cap and protect the ends of chromosomes; critically short telomeres may lead to cellular senescence or carcinogenic transformation. Previous findings suggest a link between psychosocial stress, shorter telomeres, and chronic disease risk. This cross-sectional study examined relative telomere length in relation to perceived stress and urinary stress hormones in a sample of participants (n = 647) in the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Sister Study, a cohort of women ages 35 to 74 years who have a sister with breast cancer. Average leukocyte telomere length was determined by quantitative PCR. Current stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale and creatinine-adjusted neuroendocrine hormones in first morning urines. Linear regression models estimated differences in telomere length base pairs (bp) associated with stress measures adjusted for age, race, smoking, and obesity. Women with higher perceived stress had somewhat shorter telomeres [adjusted difference of -129bp for being at or above moderate stress levels; 95% confidence interval (CI), -292 to 33], but telomere length did not decrease monotonically with higher stress levels. Shorter telomeres were independently associated with increasing age (-27bp/year), obesity, and current smoking. Significant stress-related differences in telomere length were seen in women ages 55 years and older (-289bp; 95% CI, -519 to -59), those with recent major losses (-420bp; 95% CI, -814 to -27), and those with above-average urinary catecholamines (e.g., epinephrine: -484bp; 95% CI, -709 to -259). Although current perceived stress was only modestly associated with shorter telomeres in this broad sample of women, our findings suggest the effect of stress on telomere length may vary depending on neuroendocrine responsiveness, external stressors, and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine G Parks
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27599, USA.
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9
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Abstract
UNLABELLED This study aims to study physiological stress indicators in relation to prevalence of building-related symptoms (BRS) among teachers employed in three selected schools in Copenhagen. Three hypotheses were studied: (i) Perceived psychosocial work environment was associated with BRS; (ii) Perceived psychosocial work environment (job strain) was associated with physiological strain; (iii) BRS was associated with physiological strain. We found a tendency among women of an association between job strain and being BRS positive. Also an association between job strain and physiological strain was observed among women. Being BRS positive was not associated with single physiological stress indicators with the exception of a higher level free testosterone in serum among BRS-positive women. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Including physiological stress indicators may be a supplementary measure to questionnaires when studying the association between the psychosocial work environment and building-related symptoms (BRS). In this study, job strain was associated with physiological strain among women. Being BRS positive was not associated with single physiological stress indicators with the exception of a higher level free testosterone in serum among BRS-positive women. This study should be regarded as a preliminary study because of its small number of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Hansen
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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10
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Chronotype and time-of-day influences on the alerting, orienting, and executive components of attention. Exp Brain Res 2008; 192:189-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-008-1567-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 09/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Haller J, Mikics E, Halász J, Tóth M. Mechanisms differentiating normal from abnormal aggression: glucocorticoids and serotonin. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 526:89-100. [PMID: 16280125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2005] [Revised: 06/28/2005] [Accepted: 09/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Psychopathology-associated human aggression types are induced by a variety of conditions, are behaviorally variable, and show a differential pharmacological responsiveness. Thus, there are several types of abnormal human aggression. This diversity was not reflected by conventional laboratory approaches that focused on the quantitative aspects of aggressive behavior. Recently, several laboratory models of abnormal aggression were proposed, which mainly model hyperarousal-driven aggressiveness (characteristic to intermittent explosive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, chronic burnout, etc.) and hypoarousal-driven aggressiveness (characteristic mainly to antisocial personality disorder and its childhood antecedent conduct disorder). Findings obtained with these models suggest that hyperarousal-driven aggressiveness has at its roots an excessive acute glucocorticoid stress response (and probably an exaggerated response of other stress-related systems), whereas chronic hypoarousal-associated aggressiveness is due to glucocorticoid deficits that affect brain function on the long term. In hypoarousal-driven aggressiveness, serotonergic neurotransmission appears to lose its impact on aggression (which it has in normal aggression), certain prefrontal neurons are weakly activated, whereas the central amygdala (no, or weakly involved in the control of normal aggression) acquires important roles. We suggest that the specific study of abnormal aspects of aggressive behavior would lead to important developments in understanding the specific mechanisms underlying different forms of aggression, and may ultimately lead to the development of better treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozsef Haller
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Science, 1450 Budapest, P.O. Box 67, Hungary.
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12
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Park SJ. Effects of a five-hour exposure of arm and leg to a slightly cool thermal environment in the afternoon on the body temperature rhythm. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/09291010500138605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Goldstein IB, Shapiro D, Chicz-DeMet A, Guthrie D. Ambulatory blood pressure, heart rate, and neuroendocrine responses in women nurses during work and off work days. Psychosom Med 1999; 61:387-96. [PMID: 10367621 DOI: 10.1097/00006842-199905000-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined women's cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responsiveness to work. METHODS Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded over 24-hour periods on 2 work and 2 off days during the luteal and follicular phases of the menstrual cycle in 138 registered nurses, aged 25 to 50 years. Urinary catecholamines and cortisol were measured for day and night periods. RESULTS During waking hours systolic BP (SBP), HR, and epinephrine were higher on work than off days. Diastolic BP (DBP) and HR were highest at work. Nurses scoring high on job demands had elevations in daytime SBP, daytime HR only on work days, and nighttime epinephrine on work days. Compared with those with short work histories, nurses employed longer had consistently higher norepinephrine levels during days and nights, and higher nighttime DBP during off days. In unmarried nurses compared with married nurses, nighttime cortisol was lower during all 4 days and norepinephrine was lower during days off. All findings were independent of actigraph-recorded activity. CONCLUSIONS Although the work environment leads to increased activity of the cardiovascular and sympathoadrenal medullary system in healthy women, the effects are modified by the woman's domestic role, by the length of her employment, and by the demands of her job.
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Affiliation(s)
- I B Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1759, USA.
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14
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Park SJ, Tokura H. Effects of different types of clothing on circadian rhythms of core temperature and urinary catecholamines. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1998; 48:149-56. [PMID: 9639550 DOI: 10.2170/jjphysiol.48.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of three different types of clothing on the circadian rhythms of core temperature and urinary catecholamines. One type of clothing consisted of long-sleeved shirts, full-length trousers, and socks (Type L, 1,042 g); the second type was of half-sleeved shirts and knee-length trousers (Type H, 747 g); the third type was of Type H during the daytime and Type L during night sleep (Type M). Six healthy females participated in this study where rectal temperature, skin temperatures, heart rate, and urinary catecholamines were continuously measured for 37.5 h at an ambient temperature of 23.8 +/- 0.2 degrees C and a relative humidity of 60 +/- 5%. The results were as follows: (1) The nocturnal minimum of rectal temperature decreased significantly in the sequence Type L < Type M < Type H clothing, and 27.2 and 12.4% of the circadian amplitude were influenced by type of clothing during the daytime and the nighttime, respectively. (2) The rise of skin temperatures in the extremities increased significantly more after the subjects retired for sleep with Type M or Type H clothing than with Type L. (3) Urinary catecholamines decreased more in the evening and increased more in the morning with Type H and Type M clothing than with Type L. These results show that the circadian rhythm of core temperature, especially the nocturnal minimum value, was influenced by the type of clothing worn not only during the nighttime, but also during the daytime.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Park
- Department of Environmental Health, Nara Women's University, Nara, 630-8506, Japan
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15
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Szczepanski R, Napolitano M, Feaganes JR, Barefoot JC, Luecken L, Swoap RS, Kuhn C, Suarez E, Siegler IC, Williams RB, Blumenthal JA. Relation of mood ratings and neurohormonal responses during daily life in employed women. Int J Behav Med 1997; 4:1-16. [PMID: 16250739 DOI: 10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Diurnal variations in urinary norepinephrine, epinephrine, cortisol, and self-reported mood states were examined in 101 employed women. Urine was collected on 2 consecutive workdays at 3 time periods: (1) overnight, (2) daytime, and (3) evening. Self-reports of 14 mood states were combined to correspond with the urinary collection periods. Factor analyses revealed 3 mood factors: Pressured (rushed, busy, stressed, hassled, and tense), Distressed (afraid, depressed, bored, and nervous), and Contented (satisfied, thoughtful, excited, and calm). The Distressed factor was significantly associated with norepinephrine excretion (p <.001). The Pressured factor was significantly associated with cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine excretion (p <.001) independent of age, ethnicity, marital status, parental status, department within the company and activity level. Secretion of urinary hormones and the Pressured factor followed the same diurnal pattern. Specifically, as women's self-ratings of feeling pressured initially increased and then decreased over the course of the workday, urinary hormones also peaked and then dropped. Once time of day was statistically controlled, however, the mood factors were no longer significantly related to the urinary hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Szczepanski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Pollard TM, Ungpakorn G, Harrison GA, Parkes KR, Pollard TM. Epinephrine and cortisol responses to work: A test of the models of Frankenhaeuser and Karasek. Ann Behav Med 1996; 18:229-37. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02895284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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17
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Pollard TM. Use of cortisol as a stress marker: Practical and theoretical problems. Am J Hum Biol 1995; 7:265-274. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.1310070217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/1994] [Accepted: 09/03/1994] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Abstract
Monk and Leng (1986) postulated that Morning-types (M-types) rely more than Evening-types (E-types) on subvocalization strategies, indirectly suggesting a difference in their habitual mode of hemispheric engagement. To evaluate this hypothesis, 48 right-handed women, 24 M-types and 24 age-matched E-types, performed verbal and spatial hemifield tachistoscopic tasks and recorded oral temperature at four separate times of day. Oral temperature curves were larger in amplitude and phase delayed for E-types. Reaction time curves were slower for E-types, without M-E phase differences. Error rate curves showed significant time-of-day effects at left-visual-field verbal tasks for M-types and at right-visual-field spatial tasks for E-types, indicating a selective trend in relying on left hemispheric mode for M-types and on right hemispheric mode for E-types. Implications for circadian oscillatory control are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Corbera
- Universitat de Barcelona, Department d'Educació i Psicologia, Tarragona, Spain
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Pollard T, Ungpakorn G, Harrison GA. Some determinants of population variation in cortisol levels in a British urban community. J Biosoc Sci 1992; 24:477-85. [PMID: 1429775 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932000020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Urinary cortisol excretion rates were determined from three urine samples given over 2 days, a rest day and a working day, by 51 men and 50 women. Each subject also completed a questionnaire relating to life style factors and to perceived levels of stress, busyness and happiness on each day. In men, an association between raised cortisol and high levels of stress was found. In women, high levels of busyness were associated with low cortisol excretion rates. The subjective experiences measured accounted for around 10-20% of cortisol variation in this naturalistic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pollard
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, University of Oxford
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Richdale AL, Prior MR. Urinary cortisol circadian rhythm in a group of high-functioning children with autism. J Autism Dev Disord 1992; 22:433-47. [PMID: 1400105 DOI: 10.1007/bf01048245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has suggested that there may be dysfunction in the control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in autistic children. Both an abnormal cortisol circadian rhythm and failure to suppress cortisol secretion in response to dexamethasone have been reported. This study investigated the basal urinary cortisol circadian rhythm in a group of high-functioning children with autism and matched controls. No evidence was found for abnormal temporal placement of the circadian rhythm in the autistic group. There was a tendency towards cortisol hypersecretion during the day, predominantly in those autistic children who were integrated into the normal school system. While the temporal parameters of the cortisol circadian rhythm in these children with autism were probably normal, the tendency towards cortisol hypersecretion may indicate an environmental stress response in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Richdale
- Department of Psychology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
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21
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Theorell T, Ahlberg-hulten G, Sigala F, Perski A, Soderholm M, Kallner A, Eneroth P. A psychosocial and biomedical comparison between men in six contrasting service occupations. WORK AND STRESS 1990. [DOI: 10.1080/02678379008256964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Fibiger W, Singer G. Biochemical assessment and differentiation of mental and physical effort. WORK AND STRESS 1989. [DOI: 10.1080/02678378908251559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Drott C, Svaninger G, Lundholm K. Increased urinary excretion of cortisol and catecholami-NES in malnourished cancer patients. Ann Surg 1988; 208:645-50. [PMID: 3190291 PMCID: PMC1493794 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-198811000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Excretion of cortisol and catecholamines were measured from 24-hour urine samples collected over a period of 3 days from hospitalized cancer patients suffering from malnutrition and were compared with those of control patients equally malnourished and having a similar degree of inflammation. Compared with control patients, cancer patients had a higher excretion of cortisol, adrenaline, and noradrenaline, although noradrenaline excretion reached statistical significance only when normalized to creatinine excretion. Plasma glycerol concentrations after an overnight fast were significantly higher in cancer patients as compared with control patients, in keeping with an increased adrenal and adrenergic activity. This study demonstrates evidence of simultaneously elevated catecholamine and cortisol excretion in cancer patients, which could not be ascribed to alteration in body composition. The results may, in part, explain the mechanisms behind ongoing tissue breakdown in progressive cancer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Drott
- Department of Surgery, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Sweden
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Fruhstorfer B, Pritsch MG, Pritsch MB, Clement HW, Wesemann W. Effects of daytime noise load on the sleep-wake cycle and endocrine patterns in man. III. 24 hours secretion of free and sulfate conjugated catecholamines. Int J Neurosci 1988; 43:53-62. [PMID: 3215733 DOI: 10.3109/00207458808985779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to re-examine the circadian profiles of dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline in the plasma and to investigate the influence of daytime noise stress on these profiles. Twelve subjects participated in two experimental series of 60 h; during one they were exposed to 85 dB(A) industrial noise from 9:00 to 21:00 h. Blood samples were taken for a period of 24 h at 20 min intervals and the plasma levels of the free and the sulfoconjugated catecholaminergic compounds were simultaneously measured. A significant (p less than 0.001) circadian rhythm was found for free noradrenaline, free adrenaline and conjugated dopamine. Noise stress significantly increased (p less than 0.001) free adrenaline levels during the first 6 h of exposure and lowered (p less than 0.001) free noradrenaline values during the whole time of exposure; dopamine did not respond. It was concluded that strong noise load has effects on the sympatho-adrenomedullary system but the actual release pattern of each catecholaminergic metabolite is controlled by separate determinants.
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25
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Bassett JR, Marshall PM, Spillane R. The physiological measurement of acute stress (public speaking) in bank employees. Int J Psychophysiol 1987; 5:265-73. [PMID: 3436845 DOI: 10.1016/0167-8760(87)90058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An evaluation of a number of non-invasive physiological measures of stress was conducted, using bank employees attending a two-week residential course. The stressor involved was the preparation and delivery of a 15-min public lecture. The physiological parameters measured were urinary excretion rates of noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A), dopamine and cortisol, the ratio of NA/A, salivary cortisol levels, heart rate and blood pressure. Measurements were taken at 08.30, 10.30, 12.30, 15.30 and 17.30 h on the day of the public lecture and on the following (control) day. The public lectures were given between 10.30 and 12.30 h. The urinary excretion rates of adrenaline and cortisol were significantly elevated immediately following, but not before, the public lectures. The ratio NA/A was significantly decreased and the salivary cortisol levels were significantly increased both immediately before and after the public lecture. Urinary excretion rates of noradrenaline and dopamine, blood pressure and heart rate were unchanged by the stressor. Measurement of salivary cortisol levels, as well as providing a simple, stress free, non-invasive collection procedure, more closely reflects in time the changes in plasma levels of the hormone, not suffering from the large lag-time involved with urinary hormone measurements. Salivary cortisol measurement would appear to be the measurement of choice in human stress studies where individual stress factors are to be identified and studied. The significance of the stress-induced elevation in cortisol and catecholamine levels in the link between illness and occupational stress is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Bassett
- School of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, N.S.W., Australia
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26
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Fleming AS, Steiner M, Anderson V. Hormonal and attitudinal correlates of maternal behaviour during the early postpartum period in first-time mothers. J Reprod Infant Psychol 1987. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838708403495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Brooke ST, Long BC. Efficiency of coping with a real-life stressor: a multimodal comparison of aerobic fitness. Psychophysiology 1987; 24:173-80. [PMID: 3602269 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1987.tb00275.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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28
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Secunda SK, Cross CK, Koslow S, Katz MM, Kocsis JH, Maas JW. Studies of amine metabolites in depressed patients. Relationship to suicidal behavior. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1986; 487:231-42. [PMID: 2436536 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb27902.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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29
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Secunda SK, Cross CK, Koslow S, Katz MM, Kocsis J, Maas JW, Landis H. Biochemistry and suicidal behavior in depressed patients. Biol Psychiatry 1986; 21:756-67. [PMID: 3730460 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(86)90241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken in order to further explore the relationship between monoamine levels and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HYPAC) functioning and suicidal behavior in depressed patients. One hundred and thirty-two depressed inpatients participated in the NIMH Collaborative Study on the Psychobiology of Depression. Similar to previous reports, our suicide attempters were younger, more likely to be bipolar, had an earlier age at onset, and displayed more psychotic features. No correlation between cortisol hypersecretion or Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST) nonsuppression and suicide attempts were found. Only the pre-DST evening plasma cortisol distinguished the groups, being lower in the attempter group. We were unable to confirm the previously reported correlation between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and suicide attempts. Of the monoamines examined, only urinary and plasma 3-methoxy-4-hydroxphenylglycol (MHPG) differed between suicide attempters and nonattempters, showing lower levels in the attempter group. There was a trend for CSF MHPG in the same direction. This latter reduction was restricted to the bipolar group.
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Abstract
Dopamine in urine was investigated during three levels of physical stress (at 35%, 50%, and 75% VO2 max.) and three kinds of mental stress (delayed auditory feedback, vigilance task and arithmetic task). A statistically significant increase in excretion of dopamine was found in response to physical exercise and the delayed auditory feedback test. The response patterns (ratios noradrenaline/dopamine and adrenaline/dopamine) after physical and mental stress differed. The data presented support the possibility of using dopamine excretion and the above ratios to differentiate between mental and physical effort.
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