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Das UN. Pyridoxine, essential fatty acids, and protection against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23639. [PMID: 38229307 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Undurti N Das
- UND Life Sciences, Battle Ground, Washington, USA
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
- Department of Medicine, Omega Hospitals, Gachibowli, 500032, Hyderabad, India
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Das UN. Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity in Sepsis. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1332. [PMID: 37759732 PMCID: PMC10526286 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is triggered by microbial infection, injury, or even major surgery. Both innate and adaptive immune systems are involved in its pathogenesis. Cytoplasmic presence of DNA or RNA of the invading organisms or damaged nuclear material (in the form of micronucleus in the cytoplasm) in the host cell need to be eliminated by various nucleases; failure to do so leads to the triggering of inflammation by the cellular cGAS-STING system, which induces the release of IL-6, TNF-α, and IFNs. These cytokines activate phospholipase A2 (PLA2), leading to the release of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which form precursors to various pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids. On the other hand, corticosteroids inhibit PLA2 activity and, thus, suppress the release of GLA, AA, EPA, and DHA. PUFAs and their metabolites have a negative regulatory action on the cGAS-STING pathway and, thus, suppress the inflammatory process and initiate inflammation resolution. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and corticosteroids (corticosteroids > IL-6, TNF-α) suppress desaturases, which results in decreased formation of GLA, AA, and other PUFAs from the dietary essential fatty acids (EFAs). A deficiency of GLA, AA, EPA, and DHA results in decreased production of anti-inflammatory eicosanoids and failure to suppress the cGAS-STING system. This results in the continuation of the inflammatory process. Thus, altered concentrations of PUFAs and their metabolites, and failure to suppress the cGAS-STING system at an appropriate time, leads to the onset of sepsis. Similar abnormalities are also seen in radiation-induced inflammation. These results imply that timely administration of GLA, AA, EPA, and DHA, in combination with corticosteroids and anti-IL-6 and anti-TNF-α antibodies, may be of benefit in mitigating radiation-induced damage and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undurti N Das
- UND Life Sciences, 2221 NW 5th St., Battle Ground, WA 98604, USA
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Pro- and anti-inflammatory bioactive lipids imbalance contributes to the pathobiology of autoimmune diseases. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022:10.1038/s41430-022-01173-8. [PMID: 35701524 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are driven by TH17 cells that secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially IL-17. Under normal physiological conditions, autoreactive T cells are suppressed by TGF-β and IL-10 secreted by microglia and dendritic cells. When this balance is upset due to injury, infection and other causes, leukocyte recruitment and macrophage activation occurs resulting in secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17 and PGE2, LTs (leukotrienes) accompanied by a deficiency of anti-inflammatory LXA4, resolvins, protecting, and maresins. PGE2 facilitates TH1 cell differentiation and promotes immune-mediated inflammation through TH17 expansion. There is evidence to suggest that autoimmune diseases can be suppressed by anti-inflammatory bioactive lipids LXA4, resolvins, protecting, and maresins. These results imply that systemic and/or local application of LXA4, resolvins, protecting, and maresins and administration of their precursors AA/EPA/DHA could form a potential therapeutic approach in the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Rengachar P, Bhatt AN, Polavarapu S, Veeramani S, Krishnan A, Sadananda M, Das UN. Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA) Protects against Ionizing Radiation-Induced Damage: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060797. [PMID: 35740923 PMCID: PMC9221136 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation is pro-inflammatory in nature in view of its ability to induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors with associated inflammatory cells. Cells are efficient in repairing radiation-induced DNA damage; however, exactly how this happens is not clear. In the present study, GLA reduced DNA damage (as evidenced by micronuclei formation) and enhanced metabolic viability, which led to an increase in the number of surviving RAW 264.7 cells in vitro by reducing ROS generation, and restoring the activities of desaturases, COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX enzymes, TNF-α/TGF-β, NF-kB/IkB, and Bcl-2/Bax ratios, and iNOS, AIM-2, and caspases 1 and 3, to near normal. These in vitro beneficial actions were confirmed by in vivo studies, which revealed that the survival of female C57BL/6J mice exposed to lethal radiation (survival~20%) is significantly enhanced (to ~80%) by GLA treatment by restoring altered levels of duodenal HMGB1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 concentrations, as well as the expression of NF-kB, IkB, Bcl-2, Bax, delta-6-desaturase, COX-2, and 5-LOX genes, and pro- and anti-oxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase, glutathione), to near normal. These in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that GLA protects cells/tissues from lethal doses of radiation by producing appropriate changes in inflammation and its resolution in a timely fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorani Rengachar
- BioScience Research Centre, Department of Medicine, GVP Medical College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam 530048, India; (P.R.); (S.P.)
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi 110054, India;
| | - Anant Narayan Bhatt
- Department of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi 110054, India;
| | - Sailaja Polavarapu
- BioScience Research Centre, Department of Medicine, GVP Medical College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam 530048, India; (P.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Senthil Veeramani
- Quality Assurance Laboratory, Ship Building Centre, Vishakhapatnam 530014, India;
| | - Anand Krishnan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Queen’s NRI Hospital, Vishakhapatnam 530013, India;
| | - Monika Sadananda
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalore 574199, India;
| | - Undurti N. Das
- BioScience Research Centre, Department of Medicine, GVP Medical College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam 530048, India; (P.R.); (S.P.)
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalore 574199, India;
- UND Life Sciences, 2221 NW 5th St., Battle Ground, WA 98604, USA
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Sangareddy 502284, India
- Department of Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai 600116, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +508-904-5376
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Das UN. Molecular pathobiology of scleritis and its therapeutic implications. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:163-175. [PMID: 31956585 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.01.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Scleritis and other autoimmune diseases are characterized by an imbalance in the levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory molecules with the balance tilted more towards the former due to the failure of recognition of self. The triggering of inflammatory process could be ascribed to the presence of cytoplasmic DNA/chromatin that leads to activation of cytosolic DNA-sensing cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase linked to stimulator of interferon genes) pathway and enhanced expression of NF-κB that results in an increase in the production of pro-inflammatory bioactive lipids. Bioactive lipids gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), dihomo-GLA (DGLA), prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), prostacyclin (PGI2) and lipoxin A4, resolvins, protectins and maresins have anti-inflammatory actions, bind to DNA to render it non-antigenic and are decreased in autoimmune diseases. These results suggest that efforts designed to enhance the production of anti-inflammatory bioactive lipids may form a new approach to autoimmune diseases. Local injection or infusion of lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins or their precursors such as arachidonic acid may be exploited in the prevention and management of autoimmune diseases including scleritis, uveitis and lupus/rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undurti N Das
- UND Life Sciences, Battle Ground, WA 98604, USA.,BioScience Research Centre and Department of Medicine, GVP Medical College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam 530048, India
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Poorani R, Bhatt AN, Das UN. Modulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolution mediators by γ-linolenic acid: an important element in radioprotection against ionizing radiation. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:1448-1456. [PMID: 33224346 PMCID: PMC7667419 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.92469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current study explored the radio-protective property of γ-linolenic acid (GLA) in C57BL/6J mice against low linear energy transfer ionizing radiation (IR; X-rays) and its modulatory effect on the production of lipid mediators such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), leukotriene E4 and lipoxin A4 (LXA4) in mice plasma. METHODS The effect of GLA pre-treatment on radiation induced inflammation was assessed by estimating plasma levels of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), TMOP/NO and various anti-oxidant enzymes. RESULTS γ-linolenic acid pre-treated mice exposed to lethal IR dose (7.5 Gy) showed a decrease in plasma levels of HMGB1, PGE2 and LXA4 and a fall in TMOP/NO ratio and improvement in anti-oxidant enzymes: catalase, glutathione transferase and glutathione peroxidase compared to IR mice, suggesting that GLA suppresses IR-induced inflammation and restores the pro- vs. anti-oxidant ratio to near normal, which could explain its radioprotective action. CONCLUSIONS GLA showed radioprotective action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangachar Poorani
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India
- BioScience Research Centre and Department of Medicine, GVP Hospital and Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Anant N. Bhatt
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Undurti N. Das
- BioScience Research Centre and Department of Medicine, GVP Hospital and Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India
- UND Life Sciences, Battle Ground, WA, USA
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Das UN. Vitamin C for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension. Arch Med Res 2019; 50:11-14. [PMID: 31349946 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It is suggested that supplementation of vitamin C reduces hyperglycemia and lowers blood pressure in hypertensives by enhacing the formation of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), PGI2 (prostacyclin), endothelial nitric oxide (eNO), and restore essential fatty acid (EFA) metabolism to normal and enhance the formation of lipoxin A4 (LXA4), a potent anti-inflammatory, vasodilator and antioxidant. These actions are in addition to the ability of vitamin C to function as an antioxidant. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that PGE1, PGI2 and NO have cytoprotective and genoprotective actions and thus, protect pancreatic β and vascular endotheilial cells from the cytotoxic actions of endogenous and exogenous toxins. AA, the precursor of LXA4 and LXA4 have potent anti-diabetic actions and their plasma tissue concentrations are decreased in those with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Thus, vitamin C by augmenting the formation of PGE1, PGI2, eNO, LXA4 and restoring AA content to normal may function as a cytoprotective, anti-mutagenic, vasodilator and platelet anti-agregator actions that explains its benefical action in type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undurti N Das
- UND Life Sciences, Battle Ground, WA, USA; Department of Medicine, GVP Hospital and Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India; BioScience Research Centre, GVP College of Engineering Campus, Visakhapatnam, India.
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COX-2, aspirin and metabolism of arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids and their physiological and clinical significance. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 785:116-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Das UN. Lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, maresins and nitrolipids, and their clinical implications with specific reference to cancer: part I. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.13.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ponnala S, Rao KP, Chaudhury JR, Ahmed J, Rama Rao B, Kanjilal S, Hasan Q, Das UN. Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on diphenyl hydantoin-induced genetic damage in vitro and in vivo. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2009; 80:43-50. [PMID: 19138888 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2008.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2007] [Accepted: 11/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phenytoin sodium/diphenyl hydantoin (DPH) is used by a major segment of epileptics and neuro surgery patients with head injury to prevent seizures. DPH is a known mutagen, carcinogen, and teratogen. Essential fatty acids (EFAs) are critical for various tissues and were reported to act as anti-mutagenic agents. In the present study we assessed the effect of five EFAs on DPH-induced genetic damage both in vitro and in vivo. DPH induced significant genetic damage. Of all the EFAs (linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid) studied, all except eicosapentaenoic acid showed significant decrease in DPH induced genetic damage as assessed by micronucleus (MN) test. However, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) was found to be the most effective in reducing the number of MN containing lymphocytes both in vitro and in vivo to control values. EFAs when tested alone produced insignificant increase in the amount of genetic damage but when tested in combination with DPH the number of micronuclei containing lymphocytes was reduced; but the DNA ladder pattern, an indication of DNA damage, was increased. This apparently paradoxical action of EFAs, especially of GLA, suggests that, in all probability, fatty acids induce apoptosis of cells that harbor significant DNA damage. Based on these results we suggest that GLA functions as a unique endogenous molecule that protects cells from accumulating genetic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Ponnala
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500 007, India
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Das UN, Rao KP. Effect of gamma-linolenic acid and prostaglandins E1 on gamma-radiation and chemical-induced genetic damage to the bone marrow cells of mice. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2006; 74:165-73. [PMID: 16488586 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2006.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2005] [Accepted: 01/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on gamma-radiation, diphenylhydantoin (DPH), benzo(a)pyrene (BP), and 4-alpha-phorbol-induced genetic damage to the bone marrow cells of mice, using the sensitive micronucleus (MN) test was investigated. PGE1 and its precursor GLA prevented gamma-radiation, DPH, BP, and 4-alpha-phorbol-induced genetic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undurti N Das
- UND Life Sciences, 13800 Fairhill Road, #321, Shaker Heights, OH 44120, USA.
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Koratkar R, Das UN, Sagar PS, Ramesh G, Padma M, Kumar GS, Vijay K, Madhavi N. Prostacyclin is a potent anti-mutagen. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1993; 48:175-84. [PMID: 8383336 DOI: 10.1016/0952-3278(93)90107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Prostacyclin (PGI2) prevented genetic damage to the bone marrow cells of mice induced by gamma-radiation, benzo(a)pyrene(BP) and cis-platinum(cis-DDP). Carba-PGI2, an analogue of PGI2, was also effective against cis-DDP-induced mutagenicity. In a time-course study it was observed that the geno-protective action of PGI2, can last as long as 24 hr. 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, a major metabolite of PGI2 and c-AMP, a second messenger, were ineffective in bringing about this beneficial action. PGI2 did not influence free radical generation induced by phorbol myristate acetate in human peripheral leukocytes. This suggests that the genoprotective action of PGI2 is not mediated by its metabolite 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and the second messenger cyclic-AMP and is not due to any action on free radical generation. This geno-protective action of PGI2 would be futile if it interfered with the tumoricidal action of cis-DDP. It was observed that the cytotoxic action of cis-DDP against Meth-A tumor cells was not interfered with by PGI2 and carba-PGI2 both in vitro and in vivo. This description of the geno-protective action of PGI2 is important in the development of new strategies in cancer chemotherapy since, it is likely that anticancer drugs, at least cis-DDP can be given along with PGI2 to prevent genetic damage to normal cells without interfering with their tumoricidal action.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Koratkar
- Department of Medicine, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
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Fernandes G, Venkatraman JT. Possible mechanisms through which dietary lipids, calorie restriction, and exercise modulate breast cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1992; 322:185-201. [PMID: 1442295 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7953-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Fernandes
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio
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Das UN, Ramadevi G, Rao KP, Rao MS. Prostaglandins can modify gamma-radiation and chemical induced cytotoxicity and genetic damage in vitro and in vivo. PROSTAGLANDINS 1989; 38:689-716. [PMID: 2633211 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(89)90050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of prostaglandin E1, E2, and F2 alpha on gamma-radiation, benzo(a)pyrene and diphenylhydantoin-induced cytotoxicity in vivo and genotoxicity in vitro was investigated. Prostaglandin E1 prevented both cytotoxic and genotoxic actions of all the three agents, where as both PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were ineffective. In fact, it was seen that both PGE2 and PGF2 alpha are genotoxic by themselves. Gamma-linolenic acid and dihomogamma-linolenic acid, the precursor of PGE1 were also as protective as that of PGE1, where as arachidonic acid, the precursor of 2 series PGs, has genotoxic actions to human lymphocytes in vitro. These results suggest that prostaglandins and their precursors can determine the susceptibility of cells to cytotoxic and genotoxic actions of chemicals and radiation. This study is particularly interesting since, it is known that some tumor cells contain excess of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha and many carcinogens can augment the synthesis of 2 series of PGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- U N Das
- Department of Medicine, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
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Bégin ME, Das UN. A deficiency in dietary gamma-linolenic and/or eicosapentaenoic acids may determine individual susceptibility to AIDS. Med Hypotheses 1986; 20:1-8. [PMID: 3014282 DOI: 10.1016/0306-9877(86)90080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesize that a relative deficiency in gamma-linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids and in their derivatives may contribute to the development of AIDS. These polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may be the source of natural endogenous agents against AIDS by preventing the spread of viral infection due to their ability to destroy enveloped viruses, by controlling cancer development either directly due to their cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells or indirectly by modulating the immune response and by protecting from genetic damage. Supplementation of these dietary PUFAs in the prevention, and possibly in the treatment of AIDS, is considered.
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Bégin M, Das U, Ells G. Cytotoxic effects of essential fatty acids (EFA) in mixed cultures of normal and malignant human cells. Prog Lipid Res 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0163-7827(86)90116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Das UN, Ramadevi G, Rao KP, Rao MS. Prostaglandins and their precursors can modify genetic damage-induced by gamma-radiation and benzo(a)pyrene. PROSTAGLANDINS 1985; 29:911-20. [PMID: 2994175 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(85)90216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Experiments were performed to study the effect of various prostaglandins (PGs) and their precursors, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and arachidonic acid (AA) on gamma-radiation and benzo (a) pyrene (BP)-induced genetic damage to the bone marrow cells of mice, using the sensitive micronucleus (MN) test. Thromboxane B2 prostaglandin E1 and GLA completely prevented BP-induced and reduced to a great degree radiation-induced genetic damage, where as PGE2, PGF2 alpha and AA were without any effect. Since GLA and AA are widely distributed in the cell membranes, and as PGs can be formed virtually in response to any type of stimulus, it is likely that GLA and PGE1 may function as endogenous anti-mutagenic chemicals.
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