1
|
Poklukar K, Erbežnik A, Fazarinc G, Kress K, Batorek-Lukač N, Škrlep M, Stefanski V, Čandek-Potokar M, Vrecl M. Effect of castration method on porcine skeletal muscle fiber traits and transcriptome profiles. Vet Anim Sci 2024; 25:100383. [PMID: 39184227 PMCID: PMC11342880 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of immunocastration and surgical castration on the histomorphometric and transcriptome traits of the porcine skeletal muscle. We hypothesized that the differences in duration of androgen deprivation resulting from different castration methods influence skeletal muscle biology in a muscle-specific manner. This was tested by analyzing samples of m. longissimus dorsi (LD) and m. semispinalis capitis (SSC) from immunocastrated (IC; n = 12), entire male (EM; n = 12), and surgically castrated (SC; n = 12) pigs using enzyme/immunohistochemical classification and histomorphometric analysis of myofibers, quantitative PCR, and RNA sequencing. The results confirmed the distinctive histomorphometric profiles of LD and SSC and the castration method related muscle-specific effects at the histomorphometric and transcriptome levels. Long-term androgen deficiency (surgical castration) significantly reduced the proportion of fast-twitch type IIa myofibers in LD (P < 0.05), whereas short-term androgen deprivation (immunocastration) reduced the cross-sectional area of oxidative type I myofibers in SSC (P < 0.05). At the transcriptional level, glycolytic LD adapted to long- and short-term androgen deprivation by upregulating genes controlling myoblast proliferation and differentiation to maintain fiber size. In contrast, increased protein degradation through the ubiquitin ligase-mediated atrophy pathway (significantly increased TRIM63 and FBXO32 expression; P < 0.05) could underly reduced cross-sectional area of type I myofibers in the oxidative SSC in IC. Potential candidate genes (HK2, ARID5B, SERPINE1, and SCD) linked to specific metabolic profiles and meat quality traits were also identified in IC, providing a foundation for studying the effects of immunocastration on skeletal muscle fiber and carcass/meat quality traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klavdija Poklukar
- Agricultural Institute of Slovenia (KIS), Hacquetova ulica 17, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Erbežnik
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva ulica 60, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Fazarinc
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva ulica 60, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kevin Kress
- University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 17, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nina Batorek-Lukač
- Agricultural Institute of Slovenia (KIS), Hacquetova ulica 17, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martin Škrlep
- Agricultural Institute of Slovenia (KIS), Hacquetova ulica 17, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Volker Stefanski
- University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 17, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marjeta Čandek-Potokar
- Agricultural Institute of Slovenia (KIS), Hacquetova ulica 17, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Pivola 10, SI-2311, Hoče, Slovenia
| | - Milka Vrecl
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva ulica 60, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Toniolo L, Gazzin S, Rosso N, Giraudi P, Bonazza D, Concato M, Zanconati F, Tiribelli C, Giacomello E. Gender Differences in the Impact of a High-Fat, High-Sugar Diet in Skeletal Muscles of Young Female and Male Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:1467. [PMID: 38794705 PMCID: PMC11124085 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of the increasing number of obese individuals, a major problem is represented by obesity and malnutrition in children. This condition is mainly ascribable to unbalanced diets characterized by high intakes of fat and sugar. Childhood obesity and malnutrition are not only associated with concurrent pathologies but potentially compromise adult life. Considering the strict correlation among systemic metabolism, obesity, and skeletal muscle health, we wanted to study the impact of juvenile malnutrition on the adult skeletal muscle. To this aim, 3-week-old C56BL/6 female and male mice were fed for 20 weeks on a high-fat. high-sugar diet, and their muscles were subjected to a histological evaluation. MyHCs expression, glycogen content, intramyocellular lipids, mitochondrial activity, and capillary density were analyzed on serial sections to obtain the metabolic profile. Our observations indicate that a high-fat, high-sugar diet alters the metabolic profile of skeletal muscles in a sex-dependent way and induces the increase in type II fibers, mitochondrial activity, and lipid content in males, while reducing the capillary density in females. These data highlight the sex-dependent response to nutrition, calling for the development of specific strategies and for a systematic inclusion of female subjects in basic and applied research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luana Toniolo
- Laboratory of Muscle Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Gazzin
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (N.R.); (P.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Natalia Rosso
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (N.R.); (P.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Pablo Giraudi
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (N.R.); (P.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Deborah Bonazza
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Monica Concato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Fabrizio Zanconati
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (N.R.); (P.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Emiliana Giacomello
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (F.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yan M, Li L, Huang Y, Tang X, Shu Y, Cui D, Yu C, Hu Y, Ma J, Xiao S, Guo Y. Investigation on muscle fiber types and meat quality and estimation of their heritability and correlation coefficients with each other in four pig populations. Anim Sci J 2024; 95:e13915. [PMID: 38303133 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the muscle fiber types and meat quality in four populations and estimate the heritability and correlation coefficients of those traits in Shanxia long black pig (SX). In this study, a total of 318 pigs were recorded for 16 traits of the muscle fiber types and meat quality in four populations, including 256 individuals from the new breed SX. The population had a significant effect on all recorded traits, and the meat quality of the Lulai black pig was better than the remaining populations. The heritability (h2 ) of meat quality traits was from 0.06 (pH at 24 h) to 0.47 (shearing force), and the muscle fiber types belonged to the traits with low to medium heritability. The density of total fiber had the highest h2 (0.40), while the percentage of type IIA had the lowest h2 (0.04). Most traits are phenotypically correlated with each other, but only a small proportion of traits are genetically correlated with each other. None fiber type genetically correlated with meat quality significantly, because the genetic correlation coefficients had large standard errors. These results provided some insights into genetic improvements for the meat quality in pig breeds and also indicated that the parameters of muscle fiber characteristics can explain parts of the variation in meat quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Yan
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Longyun Li
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yizhong Huang
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xi Tang
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yujie Shu
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Dengshuai Cui
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chuangang Yu
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yongqiang Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Junwu Ma
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shijun Xiao
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yuanmei Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Pig Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cui Y, Qi J, Li J, Zhang Y, Yang X, Xin L, Niu L, Xu B, Qian Z, Zhu L, Liang R. Effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation in cattle on the anti-oxidative capacity and meat quality of beef steaks under high‑oxygen packaging. Meat Sci 2023; 204:109238. [PMID: 37301101 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on beef quality and antioxidant capacity under high‑oxygen packaging were studied. Twelve cattle were selected and fed a total mixed ration (Control, CON) or supplemented with resveratrol (5 g/cattle/day, RES) for 120 days. The antioxidant capacity and meat quality of beef under high‑oxygen modified atmosphere packaging (HiOx-MAP, 80%O2/20%CO2) and overwrap packaging (OW) were evaluated during storage. Compared to the CON, RES enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity in serum and muscle, and increased the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream target genes (P < 0.05), which decreased the lipid and protein oxidation of steaks during storage (P < 0.05). The RES resulted in a* values increasing throughout storage (P < 0.05) and lower MetMb% than CON steaks (P < 0.05) in HiOx-MAP. The water-holding capacity (WHC) was improved and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) was reduced (P < 0.05) in RES steaks during storage. Thus dietary resveratrol increased beef antioxidant capacity under HiOx-MAP and improved meat quality, and can be used as a potential method to elevate beef quality and reduce the oxidation under HiOx-MAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cui
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Jiajing Qi
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Jiqiang Li
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xiaoyin Yang
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Luo Xin
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Lebao Niu
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Baochen Xu
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Zhanyu Qian
- Shangdu Hengchang Co., Ltd., Caoxian, Shandong 274400, PR China
| | - Lixian Zhu
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China.
| | - Rongrong Liang
- Lab of Beef Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang C, He J, Yu B, Chen D, Mao X, Yu J, Yin Y. Long-term ingestion of low amylose/amylopectin ratio diet affects aspects of meat quality by changing muscle fibre characteristics in growing-finishing pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 103:644-652. [PMID: 30368950 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Amylose plays important role in body health. It is controversial whether changing dietary amylose/amylopectin ratio (DAR) will improve meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 48 Duroc × Landrace × Large White castrated male pigs (initial body weight 49.8 ± 2.8 kg) were randomly allotted to two treatments, and fed ad libitum either with a low DAR diet (LR, amylose/amylopectin: 12/88) or a high DAR diet (HR, amylose/amylopectin: 30/70) for 68 days. Feed intake was recorded every day, body weight was weighed at 46th and 68th day to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and Feed:gain ratio. Blood was collected at -30 min (fasting 12 hr), 60, 90, 120, 180 min postprandial at 64th day and then serum was obtained by centrifugation of blood at 1,500× g at 4°C. After pigs were slaughtered, samples such as longissimus dorsi, iliopsoas and semitendinosus were collected. Density, diameter and types of muscle fibres were analysed. Results showed that ADG, ADFI, Feed:Gain ratio, cross-sectional area of longissimus dorsi muscle, backfat thickness, colour scores were not affected by DAR. Ingestion of LR diet increased the fasting glucose (p < 0.05) and insulin (p < 0.05) concentrations in serum. The drip loss and firmness were decreased significantly in LR vs. HR animals (p < 0.05). Densities of muscle fibre in longissimus dorsi, iliopsoas and semitendinosus were greater in LR pigs (p < 0.05). Moreover, ingestion of LR diet significantly increased myosin heavy chain (MyHC) IIa mRNA level and decreased MyHC IIb gene expression in longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) (p < 0.05). Therefore, intake of diet low in amylose/amylopectin ratio induces a better meat quality (lower drip loss and lower firmness), which could attribute to smaller myofibres, a shift to slower and/or more oxidative fibres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China.,College of Life Sciences and Environment, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Animal Nutrition and Human Health Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - XiangBing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Animal Nutrition and Human Health Laboratory, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Onopiuk A, Półtorak A, Wierzbicka A. Influence of post-mortem muscle glycogen content on the quality of beef during aging. J Vet Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2016-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Glycolic changes which occur post-mortem have an impact on the physical and sensory features of beef, which in turn determine the successive processes and influence such beef quality traits as colour, tenderness, and cooling loss. The aim of this study was evaluation of the post-mortem changes in bovine meat during aging, quantitative analysis of glycogen and lactic acid, as well as examination of their impact on technological and sensory quality of selected muscles from Holstein-Friesian × Limousin breed carcasses.
Material and Methods: The study included three muscles of different metabolic qualities and sarcomere length: m. semitendinosus, m. longissimus dorsi, and m. psoas major, collected from nine bull carcasses aged 24 ±2 months.
Results: Significant correlations were found between the volume of cooling loss on individual days of aging and the pH value of muscle tissue, lactic acid and glycogen content, as well as beef lightness. However, no significant dependency between the volume of glycogen and the intensity of red and yellow colours was detected.
Conclusion: The colorimetric analysis of glycogen and lactic acid can be an effective tool in predicting the quality of beef.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Onopiuk
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Półtorak
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wierzbicka
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu X, Trakooljul N, Muráni E, Krischek C, Schellander K, Wicke M, Wimmers K, Ponsuksili S. Molecular changes in mitochondrial respiratory activity and metabolic enzyme activity in muscle of four pig breeds with distinct metabolic types. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2016; 48:55-65. [PMID: 26759028 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-015-9639-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles are metabolically active and have market value in meat-producing farm animals. A better understanding of biological pathways affecting energy metabolism in skeletal muscle could advance the science of skeletal muscle. In this study, comparative pathway-focused gene expression profiling in conjunction with muscle fiber typing were analyzed in skeletal muscles from Duroc, Pietrain, and Duroc-Pietrain crossbred pigs. Each breed type displayed a distinct muscle fiber-type composition. Mitochondrial respiratory activity and glycolytic and oxidative enzyme activities were comparable among genotypes, except for significantly lower complex I activity in Pietrain pigs homozygous-positive for malignant hyperthermia syndrome. At the transcriptional level, lactate dehydrogenase B showed breed specificity, with significantly lower expression in Pietrain pigs homozygous-positive for malignant hyperthermia syndrome. A similar mRNA expression pattern was shown for several subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complexes, including complex I, complex II, complex IV, and ATP synthase. Significant correlations were observed between mRNA expression of genes in focused pathways and enzyme activities in a breed-dependent manner. Moreover, expression patterns of pathway-focused genes were well correlated with muscle fiber-type composition. These results stress the importance of regulation of transcriptional rate of genes related to oxidative and glycolytic pathways in the metabolic capacity of muscle fibers. Overall, the results further the breed-specific understanding of the molecular basis of metabolic enzyme activities, which directly impact meat quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Eduard Muráni
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Carsten Krischek
- Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30173, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karl Schellander
- Insititute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wicke
- Department of Animal Sciences, Quality of Food of Animal Origin, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu X, Du Y, Trakooljul N, Brand B, Muráni E, Krischek C, Wicke M, Schwerin M, Wimmers K, Ponsuksili S. Muscle Transcriptional Profile Based on Muscle Fiber, Mitochondrial Respiratory Activity, and Metabolic Enzymes. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:1348-62. [PMID: 26681915 PMCID: PMC4671993 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a highly metabolically active tissue that both stores and consumes energy. Important biological pathways that affect energy metabolism and metabolic fiber type in muscle cells may be identified through transcriptomic profiling of the muscle, especially ante mortem. Here, gene expression was investigated in malignant hyperthermia syndrome (MHS)-negative Duroc and Pietrian (PiNN) pigs significantly differing for the muscle fiber types slow-twitch-oxidative fiber (STO) and fast-twitch-oxidative fiber (FTO) as well as mitochondrial activity (succinate-dependent state 3 respiration rate). Longissimus muscle samples were obtained 24 h before slaughter and profiled using cDNA microarrays. Differential gene expression between Duroc and PiNN muscle samples were associated with protein ubiquitination, stem cell pluripotency, amyloid processing, and 3-phosphoinositide biosynthesis and degradation pathways. In addition, weighted gene co-expression network analysis within both breeds identified several co-expression modules that were associated with the proportion of different fiber types, mitochondrial respiratory activity, and ATP metabolism. In particular, Duroc results revealed strong correlations between mitochondrion-associated co-expression modules and STO (r = 0.78), fast-twitch glycolytic fiber (r = -0.98), complex I (r=0.72) and COX activity (r = 0.86). Other pathways in the protein-kinase-activity enriched module were positively correlated with STO (r=0.93), while negatively correlated with FTO (r = -0.72). In contrast to PiNN, co-expression modules enriched in macromolecule catabolic process, actin cytoskeleton, and transcription activator activity were associated with fiber types, mitochondrial respiratory activity, and metabolic enzyme activities. Our results highlight the importance of mitochondria for the oxidative capacity of porcine muscle and for breed-dependent molecular pathways in muscle cell fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- 1. Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Yang Du
- 1. Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- 1. Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Bodo Brand
- 1. Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Eduard Muráni
- 1. Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Carsten Krischek
- 2. 2 Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Wicke
- 3. 3 Department of Animal Science, Quality of Food of Animal Origin, Georg-August-University Goettingen, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Manfred Schwerin
- 1. Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- 1. Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- 1. Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Branciari R, Castellini C, Dal Bosco A, Mammoli R, Rea S, Ranucci D. The occurrence of giant fibres in different muscles of two chicken genotypes. Br Poult Sci 2014; 55:181-5. [PMID: 24571358 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2014.889280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
1. The occurrence of Giant Fibres (GF) in three muscles (Pectoralis major (PM), Iliotibialis lateralis and Semimembranosus) with different types of energy metabolism was studied in slow- and fast-growing chicken strains. 2. A total of 20 one-day-old Leghorn chicks (slow-growing) and 20 broiler (Ross 508) chicks (fast-growing) were reared to 100 and 45 d, respectively. 3. A small percentage of GF was seen in pre rigor muscle samples even at 3 min post mortem in both genotypes and in all muscle types studied. 4. From 3 min to 24 h post mortem GF increased both in Leghorn and broiler chickens but to a different extent according to muscle type and genotype. 5. The highest GF 24 h post mortem value was found in the PM muscles belonging to the fast-growing broiler line. 6. It was concluded that every type of muscle can develop GF, but this phenomenon is more evident in the PM especially in animals selected for increased growth rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Branciari
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , University of Perugia , via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia , Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Carcass quality, physico-chemical parameters, muscle fibre traits and myosin heavy chain composition of m. longissimus lumborum from Puławska and Polish Large White pigs. Meat Sci 2014; 97:395-403. [PMID: 24769095 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In 54 Puławska pigs and 60 Polish Large White pigs (PLW), slaughtered at 30 and 100 kg body weight, carcass and meat quality of m. longissimus lumborum were studied. Analysis revealed that in both examined body weight groups, hot carcass weight, carcass yield percentage, meat content, and weight of ham and carcass ham percentage were significantly lower and backfat thickness higher for Puławska pigs compared to PLW pigs, while PLW pigs exhibited significantly longer carcasses, greater loin eye area, and, in the case of lighter pigs, smaller proportion of loin in the carcass. Muscles of Puławska pigs, in the lighter group, had higher IMF content and a* value, while in the heavier group they exhibited higher pH(45), pH(24) and a* values, lower L*, drip loss, WHC, and thermal loss compared with PLW pigs. PLW pigs had higher WB and hardness values and more glycolytic muscles characterised by higher TNF.
Collapse
|
11
|
Scheffler TL, Scheffler JM, Park S, Kasten SC, Wu Y, McMillan RP, Hulver MW, Frisard MI, Gerrard DE. Fiber hypertrophy and increased oxidative capacity can occur simultaneously in pig glycolytic skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 306:C354-63. [PMID: 24304835 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00002.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An inverse relationship between skeletal muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) and oxidative capacity suggests that muscle fibers hypertrophy at the expense of oxidative capacity. Therefore, our objective was to utilize pigs possessing mutations associated with increased oxidative capacity [AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPKγ3(R200Q))] or fiber hypertrophy [ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1(R615C))] to determine if these events occur in parallel. Longissimus muscle was collected from wild-type (control), AMPKγ3(R200Q), RyR1(R615C), and AMPKγ3(R200Q)-RyR1(R615C) pigs. Regardless of AMPK genotype, RyR(R615C) increased fiber CSA by 35%. In contrast, AMPKγ3(R200Q) pig muscle exhibited greater citrate synthase and β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase activity. Isolated mitochondria from AMPKγ3(R200Q) muscle had greater maximal, ADP-stimulated oxygen consumption rate. Additionally, AMPKγ3(R200Q) muscle contained more (∼50%) of the mitochondrial proteins succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase and more mitochondrial DNA. Surprisingly, RyR1(R615C) increased mitochondrial proteins and DNA, but this was not associated with improved oxidative capacity, suggesting that altered energy metabolism in RyR1(R615C) muscle influences mitochondrial proliferation and protein turnover. Thus pigs that possess both AMPKγ3(R200Q) and RyR(R615C) exhibit increased muscle fiber CSA as well as greater oxidative capacity. Together, our findings support the notion that hypertrophy and enhanced oxidative capacity can occur simultaneously in skeletal muscle and suggest that the signaling mechanisms controlling these events are independently regulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T L Scheffler
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia; and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Realini CE, Vénien A, Gou P, Gatellier P, Pérez-Juan M, Danon J, Astruc T. Characterization of Longissimus thoracis, Semitendinosus and Masseter muscles and relationships with technological quality in pigs. 1. Microscopic analysis of muscles. Meat Sci 2013; 94:408-16. [PMID: 23566687 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Three porcine muscles (Longissimus thoracis, Semitendinosus, Masseter), known to have large differences in biochemical and histological traits, were fully characterized and the link between muscle structure and quality evaluated. The oxidative Masseter had more pigment, higher content of metmyoglobin, haem iron, protein and collagen, and was redder with higher fibre numbers, fibre circularity, pH and water holding capacity than the glycolytic Longissimus. Fibre type distribution showed predominance of type IIB in Longissimus and Semitendinosus white, type I in Semitendinosus red and IIA in Masseter. Type I fibres were larger than type IIB and IIA in Semitendinosus and Masseter, respectively, but not in the Longissimus, indicating that fibre size is muscle dependent. Muscle redness was positively correlated with type I fibre traits, haem iron and metmyoglobin, and negatively associated with type II fibre characteristics, non-haem iron and oxymyoglobin. Expressible juice had positive correlation with fibre size and negative with fibre number and connective tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C E Realini
- IRTA, Monells, Finca Camps i Armet, E-17121 Monells, Girona, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim GD, Jeong JY, Jung EY, Yang HS, Lim HT, Joo ST. The influence of fiber size distribution of type IIB on carcass traits and meat quality in pigs. Meat Sci 2013; 94:267-73. [PMID: 23523735 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of detailed characteristics such as the size and proportion of type IIB fibers in longissimus thoracis muscle on carcass traits and pork quality were investigated. A total of 96 pigs were classified into four groups by the proportion of different IIB fiber sizes. Group NS (high proportion of both small- and normal-sized IIB fibers) had a higher total number (136.4) and density (231.31) of type IIB fibers, backfat thickness (37.20 mm) and intramuscular fat content (4.77%) than the other groups (P<0.05), whereas Group NS had the lowest values of cross-sectional area (3413.85 μm2) and diameter (60.15 μm) of type IIB fiber among the groups (P<0.05). Pig muscles with higher percentage of large IIB fibers exhibit tougher, lighter and more exudative meat than pig muscles with a higher proportion of small- or normal-sized IIB fibers. Therefore, an increase in the proportion of large IIB fibers causes poor quality of pork.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gap-Don Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Relationship of Carcass Weight to Muscle Fiber Characteristics and Pork Quality of Crossbred (Korean Native Black Pig × Landrace) F2 Pigs. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-011-0724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
15
|
Yu LH, Lee ES, Chen HS, Jeong JY, Choi YS, Lim DG, Kim CJ. Comparison of Physicochemical Characteristics of Hot-boned Chicken Breast and Leg Muscles during Storage at 20℃. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2011. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2011.31.5.676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
16
|
Lefaucheur L, Lebret B, Ecolan P, Louveau I, Damon M, Prunier A, Billon Y, Sellier P, Gilbert H. Muscle characteristics and meat quality traits are affected by divergent selection on residual feed intake in pigs. J Anim Sci 2010; 89:996-1010. [PMID: 21148787 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Residual feed intake (RFI) is defined as the difference between the observed feed intake and that expected based on requirements for maintenance and production. A divergent selection was conducted during 4 generations in Large White male pigs to produce low and high RFI lines. The present study aims at determining the influence of this selection on biochemical and histological traits of skeletal muscle, and relating these changes to correlated effects on growth, carcass composition, and meat quality traits. At 8 d preslaughter, biopsies from the LM were taken in the fed state on 14 females from each RFI line fed ad libitum. Animals were slaughtered at 107.8 ± 8.0 kg of BW without any previous fasting. Samples of LM, semimembranosus (SM), biceps femoris (BFM), and rhomboideus muscles were taken at both 30 min and 24 h postmortem. Myofiber typing was only assessed in LM. Low RFI pigs ("efficient") had leaner carcasses with greater muscle content (P < 0.001), less backfat thickness (P < 0.001), and less intramuscular fat content in all 4 muscles (P < 0.01 to P = 0.04). Their greater muscle content was associated with hypertrophy of all fast-twitch fibers. Glycogen content in all glycolytic muscles (i.e., LM, SM and BFM), was greater in low than high RFI pigs. The greater accumulation of glycogen in LM of low RFI pigs was specifically located in the fast-twitch glycolytic IIBW fibers, which correspond to fibers containing IIb, IIb + IIx, or IIx myosin heavy chains. The difference in muscle glycogen content between RFI line pigs was more significant in the living animals (P = 0.0003) than at 30 min postmortem (P = 0.08). This was associated with a decreased ultimate pH (P = 0.001), and greater lightness of color (P = 0.002) and drip loss (P = 0.04) in LM of low than high RFI line pigs, suggesting that selection for reduced RFI may impair some meat quality traits, such as water-holding capacity. Pigs from the low RFI line exhibited a greater (P = 0.02) percentage of IIBW fibers in LM and tended (P < 0.10) to have less lipid β-oxidative capacity in LM, SM, and BFM. In contrast, no difference (P > 0.10) between lines was found for citrate synthase and lactate dehydrogenase activities, mitochondrial activity, and expression of genes coding for uncoupling proteins 2 and 3. Differences between RFI pigs in plasma leptin, cortisol, and thyroid hormone concentrations are presented and discussed. In conclusion, selection for low RFI influenced muscle properties in a way favoring muscle mass, but likely impairing meat quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Lefaucheur
- INRA, UMR1079 Systèmes d'Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Choe JH, Choi YM, Lee SH, Shin HG, Ryu YC, Hong KC, Kim BC. The relation between glycogen, lactate content and muscle fiber type composition, and their influence on postmortem glycolytic rate and pork quality. Meat Sci 2007; 80:355-62. [PMID: 22063340 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Revised: 12/17/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the relation between glycogen, lactate content and muscle fiber type composition, and evaluated their influence on postmortem glycolytic rate and meat quality. Muscle samples were classified based on their glycogen and lactate content at 45min postmortem. Muscles with low glycogen and high lactate levels showed low muscle pH(45min) and high R-values. However, muscles with low glycogen and lactate levels showed normal rates of postmortem glycolysis and normal meat quality. On the other hand, muscles with high glycogen and lactate content showed rapid postmortem glycolysis, paler surface color, higher drip loss, and higher extents of protein denaturation than muscles with high glycogen and low lactate content. These results may be partially explained by muscle fiber type composition. Muscles with low glycogen and lactate content at early postmortem are composed of significantly higher fiber type I and lower fiber type IIB as compared to muscles with high glycogen and lactate content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Choe
- Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-1 Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Costa P, Roseiro LC, Bessa RJB, Padilha M, Partidário A, Marques de Almeida J, Calkins CR, Santos C. Muscle fiber and fatty acid profiles of Mertolenga-PDO meat. Meat Sci 2007; 78:502-12. [PMID: 22062471 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2006] [Revised: 07/11/2007] [Accepted: 07/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The influence of phenotype and muscle type on intramuscular total lipids (ITL) neutral lipid (NL) and phospholipid (PL) compositions, cholesterol, α-tocopherol and haem iron contents were evaluated in Semitendinosus (St), Longissimus dorsi (Ld) and Supraspinatus (Ss) muscles from 39 Mertolenga young bulls. The results showed that lipid, α-tocopherol, cholesterol and haemic iron contents were not influenced by phenotype. Furthermore, the individual effect of phenotype was not a significant source of variation on ITL, NL and PL fatty acid composition. Muscle histological traits from Unicolor phenotype (n=13) showed that Ss and Ld muscles exhibited higher proportion of type I (P<0.001) and oxidative fibers (P<0.001) and lower percentages of IIB fibers (P<0.001) than St. The Ss muscle, with higher relative area occupied by oxidative fibers (P<0.05-0.001) than Ld and St, had higher ITL (P<0.001), NL (P<0.001), PL (P<0.05-0.01), α-tocopherol (P<0.001), cholesterol (P<0.01) and haem iron (P<0.001) contents than its counterparts. Muscle type notably affected ITL, as a result of its influence on NL rather than in PL composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Costa
- Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovação, DTIA, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tanabe R, Muroya S, Chikuni K. Expression of Myosin Heavy Chain Isoforms in Porcine Muscles Determined by Multiplex PCR. J Food Sci 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb15869.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
20
|
|