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Salem FM, El-Dayem AAA. The effectiveness of Bio-plus2B®, Techno Mos® and their mixture on the rate of egg production, egg characteristics, retention of nutrients and blood metabolites through the early period of production. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:56. [PMID: 38355523 PMCID: PMC10865680 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03900-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trend of using probiotic, prebiotic and their mixture as alternative feed additives which works as growth promoters in poultry diets to increase the productive performance and the immunity of the flock still have an importance consideration. So that the aim of this study is to estimate the impact of Bio-plus2B® (probiotic), Techno Mos® (prebiotic) or their mixture (synbiotic) on egg production, egg and shell quality, some blood metabolites and retention of nutrients between 28 and 40 weeks of age. The hens (ISA brown laying) were allocated randomly in 40 cages; 10 cages/treatment with two hens each. The treatments were the control (T1), T2 (Probiotic: 1 g Bio-plus2B® (Bacillus licheniformis plus Bacillus subtilis)/kg feed), T3 (Prebiotic: 1 g Techno Mos® (Mannanoligosaccarides (MOS) and 1,3 B-glucan) /kg feed) and T4 (Synbiotic: 1 g Bio-plus2B® plus 1 g Techno Mos®/ kg feed). RESULTS Hen-day egg production% and mass were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with T2 and T4 treatments. The experimental treatments recorded an increase in albumen index, Haugh unit (P < 0.01), shell thickness (P < 0.05), the retention of crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF) and ether extract (EE) (P < 0.05), plasma globulin, albumin and total protein (P < 0.001) versus to the untreated group, while egg weight was not affected. Synbiotic treatment showed a significant (P < 0.001) increase in shell calcium content. T3 and T4 treatments were significantly decreased plasma cholesterol (P < 0.001) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) (P < 0.05). Alanine transaminase (ALT) was significantly (P < 0.001) decreased and estradiol hormone was increased (P < 0.001) in the experimental groups versus to the control. CONCLUSIONS It concluded that adding probiotic and/or prebiotic in the early age laying hens diets had beneficial effects for productivity with improving the egg shell thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayza M Salem
- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - A A Abd El-Dayem
- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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Muyyarikkandy MS, Mathew E, Kuttappan D, Amalaradjou MA. Research Note: In ovo and in-feed probiotic supplementation improves layer embryo and pullet growth. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103092. [PMID: 37769489 PMCID: PMC10542637 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are widely used as feed supplements in the poultry industry to promote growth and performance in chickens. Specifically, this supplementation starts around the time of lay and continues through the production cycle in laying hens. However, the embryonic period is critical to the growth and development of metabolically active organs thereby influencing subsequent health and productivity in adult birds. Therefore, the present study investigated the potential use of probiotics to promote embryonic growth in layers. Further, a pilot grow-out study was conducted to evaluate the effect of in ovo and in-feed probiotic application on pullet growth. For the study, fertile White Leghorn eggs were sprayed with phosphate buffered saline (control, CON) or probiotic cocktail (in ovo only, IO; Lactobacillus paracasei DUP 13076 and L. rhamnosus NRRL B 442) prior to and during incubation. The embryos were sacrificed on d 7, 10, 14, and 18 of incubation for embryo morphometry. On d 18, remaining eggs were set in the hatcher to assess hatchability and hatchling morphometry. For the pullet trial, hatchlings were raised on feed with or without probiotics until wk 5. Pullets were sacrificed weekly, and morphometric parameters were recorded. Results of our study demonstrate that in ovo probiotic application significantly improved relative embryo weight, crown-rump length, hatchability, and hatchling weight when compared to the control (P < 0.05). Further, this enhanced embryonic development was associated with a concomitant increase in posthatch growth. Specifically, pullets raised from probiotic-sprayed eggs had significantly improved crown-rump length, tibial length, tibial bone weight, and body weight when compared to the control (P < 0.05). Moreover, among the different treatment schemes employed in this study [CON (no probiotics), in-feed only (IF), IO only, and in ovo and in-feed probiotic supplementation (IOIF)], sustained probiotic supplementation (IOIF) was found to be the most effective in promoting growth. Therefore, in ovo and in-feed probiotic supplementation could be employed to promote embryo and pullet growth to support subsequent performance in layers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elza Mathew
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Deepa Kuttappan
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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3
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Comparative effects of feeding single- and multi-strain probiotics to commercial layers on the productive performance and egg quality indices. J APPL POULTRY RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2022.100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Joat N, Van TTH, Stanley D, Moore RJ, Chousalkar K. Temporal dynamics of gut microbiota in caged laying hens: a field observation from hatching to end of lay. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4719-4730. [PMID: 34014348 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gut health has major implications for the general health of food-producing animals such as the layer birds used in the egg industry. In order to modulate gut microbiota for the benefit of gut health, an understanding of the dynamics and details of the development of gut microbiota is critical. The present study investigated the phylogenetic composition of the gut microbiota of a commercial layer flock raised in cages from hatch to the end of the production cycle. This study also aimed to understand the establishment and development of gut microbiota in layer chickens. Results showed that the faecal microbiota was dominated by phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in the rearing phase, but Bacteroidetes in mid lay and late lay phase. The gut microbiota composition changed significantly during the transfer of the flock from the rearing to the production shed. The richness and diversity of gut microbiota increased after week 6 of the flocks age and stabilized in the mid and late lay phase. The overall dynamics of gut microbiota development was similar to that reported in earlier studies, but the phylogenetic composition at the phylum and family level was different. The production stage of the birds is one of the important factors in the development of gut microbiota. This study has contributed to a better understanding of baseline gut microbiota development over the complete life cycles in layer chickens and will help to develop strategies to improve the gut health. KEY POINTS: • Faecal microbiota of caged hens was dominated by phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in the rearing phase. • The gut microbiota composition changed significantly during the transfer of the flock from the rearing to the production shed. • The richness and diversity of gut microbiota increased after week 6 of the flocks age and stabilized in the mid and late lay phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitish Joat
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia, 5371, Australia
| | - Thi Thu Hao Van
- School of Applied Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dragana Stanley
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Robert J Moore
- School of Applied Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kapil Chousalkar
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia, 5371, Australia.
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5
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Gaboardi GC, Alves D, Gil de Los Santos D, Xavier E, Nunes AP, Finger P, Griep E, Roll V, Oliveira P, Silva A, Moreira Â, Conceição F. Influence of Pichia pastoris X-33 produced in industrial residues on productive performance, egg quality, immunity, and intestinal morphometry in quails. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15372. [PMID: 31653947 PMCID: PMC6814787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted in quails to evaluate the probiotic potential of Pichia pastoris X-33, cultivated in parboiled rice effluent supplemented with biodiesel glycerol or in standard medium Yeast Extract–Peptone–Dextrose (YPD). Forty-days-old female quails were divided into three treatments: T1 (Control) received a basal diet without P. pastoris; T2 (Pichia Effluent) received a basal diet supplemented with P. pastoris grown in parboiled rice effluent and biodiesel glycerol, and T3 (Pichia YPD) received a basal diet supplemented with P. pastoris produced in YPD. The birds were vaccinated against Newcastle Disease (NDV), Avian Infectious Bronchitis (IBV), and Gumboro Disease on days 1 and 28. The following parameters were analyzed: performance, egg quality, humoral immune response to the vaccines, organ weight, and intestinal morphometry. P. pastoris grown in YPD increased egg weight (p < 0.05). The lowest liver weight on day 14 was obtained in Pichia Effluent, whereas both P. pastoris supplemented groups had the lowest duodenum weights on day 14. Besides that, livers and duodenums presented no morphological changes in any of the three treatments. Supplementation of P. pastoris modulated the immune system of the birds, increasing anti-IBV, anti-NDV, and anti-Gumboro antibodies levels compared to the Control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, quail’s immune response was improved by Pichia pastoris X-33, either it was grown in YPD or industrial residues, and the egg weight increased with Pichia pastoris X-33 grown in YPD, thereby demonstrating to be a promising probiotic for poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giana Carla Gaboardi
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
| | - Débora Alves
- Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Xavier
- Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Nunes
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Paula Finger
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Emili Griep
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Victor Roll
- Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Oliveira
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Arthur Silva
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ângela Moreira
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Conceição
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- L.Z. Jin
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Y.W. Ho
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N. Abdullah
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S. Jalaludin
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Lokapirnasari WP, Pribadi TB, Arif AA, Soeharsono S, Hidanah S, Harijani N, Najwan R, Huda K, Wardhani HCP, Rahman NFN, Yulianto AB. Potency of probiotics Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus casei to improve growth performance and business analysis in organic laying hens. Vet World 2019; 12:860-867. [PMID: 31440006 PMCID: PMC6661486 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.860-867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to determine the use of probiotics Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus casei as alternative antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) to improve growth performance and business analysis. Materials and Methods: This study used a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor was the time of administration (1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks) and the second was the use of probiotics (control without probiotics; 0.1% AGP and 0.5% Bifidobacterium spp. + 0.25% L. casei). One hundred and eighty laying hens (Lohmann strain), of 30 weeks old, were divided into 12 treatment groups, composed of five replicates, each consisting of three laying hens. Results: The results showed that using 0.5% Bifidobacterium spp. + 0.25% L. casei in weeks 1 and 2 showed the lowest feed intake (FI) (112.11-112.19 g/day), the highest egg weight (60.28 g) in the 1st week, the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) (2.21-2.23), and highest feed efficiency (44.75-45.25%) for 3-4 weeks, and the highest hen-day production (86.66-86.90%) for 3-4 weeks and the most profitable business analysis (IDR. 30,353). Conclusions: Based on the results, it can be concluded that the addition of 0.5% Bifidobacterium spp. + 25% L. casei probiotics can be used as a substitute for AGP; it can reduce the FI and FCR, increasing egg weight, feed efficiency, and hen-day production, as well as illustrating the results of the most profitable business analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mulyorejo, Kampus C, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Halal Research Center, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mulyorejo, Kampus C, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Teguh Bagus Pribadi
- Magister of Veterinary Agribusiness, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Anam Al Arif
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mulyorejo, Kampus C, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Soeharsono Soeharsono
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Sri Hidanah
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mulyorejo, Kampus C, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Nenny Harijani
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Rifqy Najwan
- Magister of Veterinary Agribusiness, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Khoirul Huda
- Magister of Veterinary Agribusiness, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | | | - Nabil Fariz Noor Rahman
- Magister of Veterinary Agribusiness, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Andreas Berny Yulianto
- Sains Veteriner, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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8
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Zheng M, Mao P, Tian X, Guo Q, Meng L. Effects of dietary supplementation of alfalfa meal on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat and egg quality, and intestinal microbiota in Beijing-you chicken. Poult Sci 2019; 98:2250-2259. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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9
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Hatab M, Elsayed M, Ibrahim N. Effect of some biological supplementation on productive performance, physiological and immunological response of layer chicks. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.H. Hatab
- Biological Applic. Dep., Nuclear Res. Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Egypt
| | - M.A. Elsayed
- Biological Applic. Dep., Nuclear Res. Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Egypt
| | - N.S. Ibrahim
- Biological Applic. Dep., Nuclear Res. Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Egypt
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Farm Stage, Bird Age, and Body Site Dominantly Affect the Quantity, Taxonomic Composition, and Dynamics of Respiratory and Gut Microbiota of Commercial Layer Chickens. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.03137-18. [PMID: 30824436 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03137-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The digestive and respiratory tracts of chickens are colonized by bacteria that are believed to play important roles in the overall health and performance of the birds. Most of the current research on the commensal bacteria (microbiota) of chickens has focused on broilers and gut microbiota, and less attention has been given to layers and respiratory microbiota. This research bias has left significant gaps in our knowledge of the layer microbiome. This study was conducted to define the core microbiota colonizing the upper respiratory tract (URT) and lower intestinal tract (LIT) in commercial layers under field conditions. One hundred eighty-one chickens were sampled from a flock of >80,000 birds at nine times to collect samples for 16S rRNA gene-based bacterial metabarcoding. Generally, the body site and age/farm stage had very dominant effects on the quantity, taxonomic composition, and dynamics of core bacteria. Remarkably, ileal and URT microbiota were compositionally more related to each other than to that from the cecum. Unique taxa dominated in each body site yet some taxa overlapped between URT and LIT sites, demonstrating a common core. The overlapping bacteria also contained various levels of several genera with well-recognized avian pathogens. Our findings suggest that significant interaction exists between gut and respiratory microbiota, including potential pathogens, in all stages of the farm sequence. The baseline data generated in this study can be useful for the development of effective microbiome-based interventions to enhance production performance and to prevent and control disease in commercial chicken layers.IMPORTANCE The poultry industry is faced with numerous challenges associated with infectious diseases and suboptimal performance of flocks. As microbiome research continues to grow, it is becoming clear that poultry health and production performance are partly influenced by nonpathogenic symbionts that occupy different habitats within the bird. This study has defined the baseline composition and overlaps between respiratory and gut bacteria in healthy, optimally performing chicken layers across all stages of the commercial farm sequence. Consequently, the study has set the groundwork for the development of interventions that seek to enhance production performance and to prevent and control infectious diseases through the modulation of gut and respiratory bacteria.
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Jones PJ, Niemi J, Christensen JP, Tranter RB, Bennett RM. A review of the financial impact of production diseases in poultry production systems. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an18281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
While the academic literature widely asserts that production diseases have a significant financial impact on poultry production, these claims are rarely supported by empirical evidence. There is a risk, therefore, that the information needs of poultry producers regarding the costs associated with particular diseases are not being adequately met. A systematic literature review of poultry production diseases was undertaken, first, to scope the availability of studies that estimate the financial impacts of production diseases on poultry systems and, second, on the basis of these studies, estimates were generated of the magnitude of these impacts. Nine production diseases, selected by a panel of stakeholders as being economically important in the EU, were examined. The review found that the poultry disease literature has primarily an epidemiological focus, with very few publications providing estimates of the financial impacts of diseases. However, some publications have quantified the physical impacts of production diseases and control interventions, for example, using measures such as output volumes, mortality rates and bacterial counts. Using these data in standard financial models, partial financial analyses were possible for some poultry production diseases. Coccidiosis and clostridiosis were found to be the most common production diseases in broiler flocks, with salpingoperitonitis being the most common in layers. While the financial impact of untreated diseases varied, most uncontrolled diseases were estimated to make flocks loss-making. However, in all cases, interventions were available that signficantly reduced these losses. The review reinforces the concern that the available academic literature is not providing sufficient information for poultry producers to decide on financially optimal disease-prevention and treatment measures.
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Effects of Using Artemisia annua Leaves, Probiotic Blend, and Organic Acids on Performance, Egg Quality, Blood Biochemistry, and Antioxidant Status of Laying Hens. J Poult Sci 2019; 56:120-127. [PMID: 32055206 PMCID: PMC7005408 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0180050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate and compare the effects of using Artemisia annua leaves, probiotic, and organic acid on the performance, egg quality, blood biochemistry, and antioxidant status of laying hens. In total, 288 Hy-Line W-36 commercial layers (32 weeks old) were divided into six groups with six replicates per group (eight birds per replicate) and were fed one of six experimental diets. The hens were fed either a corn-soybean meal basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with 2.5% A. annua leaves (AA1), 5% A. annua leaves (AA2), 7.5% A. annua leaves (AA3), 0.1% probiotic (Pro), and 0.005% organic acid (Org), respectively. The experiment lasted 10 weeks. Results showed that there were differences in the feed conversion ratio (FCR) among experimental groups (P<0.05). The highest yolk color index and shell thickness were observed in hens fed AA3 and AA2 diets (P<0.05). Egg yolk cholesterol was decreased (P<0.01) by the diet containing AA3 and Pro compared to the other groups. The atherogenic index was lower (P<0.01) in the plasma of hens fed AA3 than those in other groups. The glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in layers fed AA3 were lower and higher (P<0.05), respectively, than in layers fed the other diets. Moreover, the concentration of plasma cholesterol was decreased (P<0.05) in layers fed AA3 and Pro. In conclusion, feeding laying hens with A. annua leaves positively influenced the plasma antioxidant status, and the dietary inclusion of A. annua leaves plus a probiotic significantly decreased the egg yolk cholesterol, with no adverse effect on the egg productive traits.
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Inatomi T, Otomaru K. Effect of dietary probiotics on the semen traits and antioxidative activity of male broiler breeders. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5874. [PMID: 29651158 PMCID: PMC5897344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of probiotics on the intestinal morphology, intestinal microflora, oxidative activity (biological antioxidant potential), and semen quality of male broiler breeders. For this, 180 Cobb male broiler breeders (60 weeks of age) were randomly distributed into two groups. The control group was fed a basal diet, and the probiotics group was fed basal diet supplemented with probiotics for 6 weeks. Probiotics containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TOA5001 improved the above mentioned characteristics of the male broiler breeders. Thus, B. amyloliquefaciens TOA5001 might improve the reproductive performance of male broiler breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takio Inatomi
- Inatomi Animal Clinic 4-18-25, Seijou, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-0066, Japan.
| | - Konosuke Otomaru
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
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Lokapirnasari WP, Dewi AR, Fathinah A, Hidanah S, Harijani N, Soeharsono, Karimah B, Andriani AD. Effect of probiotic supplementation on organic feed to alternative antibiotic growth promoter on production performance and economics analysis of quail. Vet World 2017; 10:1508-1514. [PMID: 29391694 PMCID: PMC5771178 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.1508-1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to know the production performance and economic analysis in quail which use probiotic supplementation to alternate antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) to feed consumption, water consumption, egg production, egg mass, feed conversion, and feed efficiency. Materials and Methods: About 240 quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at 14 weeks of age were completely randomized into four treatments, each treatment consisted of six replications and each replication consisted by 10 heads. The treatment was T0 (organic feed without AGP and without probiotic), T1 (organic feed + 0.001% AGP), T2 (organic feed + 0.005% probiotic in feed), and T3 (organic feed + 0.005% probiotic in drinking water). The probiotic consist of 1.2×105 CFU/g of Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Results: The results showed that the probiotic supplementation both in feed and water give a significant impact to feed consumption, water intake, feed conversion, feed efficiency, and quail day production, but no statistical difference of egg mass. The T3 also show the most profitable business analysis, which has the best result in income, profit, break-even point, return cost ratio, benefit-cost ratio, and return on investment. Conclusion: It can be concluded that giving 0.005% probiotic in drinking water to get the best egg production and profit.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Lokapirnasari
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia
| | - A R Dewi
- Magister of Veterinary Agribusiness, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia
| | - A Fathinah
- Magister of Veterinary Agribusiness, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia
| | - S Hidanah
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia
| | - N Harijani
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia
| | - Soeharsono
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia
| | - B Karimah
- Magister of Veterinary Agribusiness, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia
| | - A D Andriani
- Magister of Veterinary Agribusiness, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Indonesia
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Tang SGH, Sieo CC, Ramasamy K, Saad WZ, Wong HK, Ho YW. Performance, biochemical and haematological responses, and relative organ weights of laying hens fed diets supplemented with prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:248. [PMID: 28814309 PMCID: PMC5559823 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing trend of ban on the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) across the globe in the poultry industry has led to a growing need for alternatives to AGPs. Prebiotic, probiotic and their combination as a synbiotic have been considered as potential alternatives. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a prebiotic (isomaltooligosaccharide, IMO), a probiotic (PrimaLac®), and their combination (synbiotic) on hen performance, biochemical and haematological responses, and relative organ weights from 20 to 52 weeks of age. Results Supplementation of 1% IMO (PRE), 0.1% PrimaLac® (PRO) and 1% IMO + 0.1% PrimaLac® (SYN) improved (P < 0.05) feed intake and egg production at 20–36 weeks of age; body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and egg mass at 20–36 and 20–52 weeks of age; and egg weight at 20–36, 37–52 and 20–52 weeks of age. Compared to control-fed hens at 20–36 weeks of age, PRO- and SYN-fed hens produced less (P < 0.05) small size eggs while SYN-fed hens produced more large size eggs. From 37 to 52 weeks of age, PRE-, PRO- or SYN-fed hens produced less (P < 0.05) medium size eggs, and more large and extra-large size eggs. PRE, PRO or SYN supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the serum total cholesterol at 36 weeks of age, and serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) at 36 and 52 weeks of age. At 36 and 52 weeks of age, supplementation of PRE, PRO or SYN increased (P < 0.05) lymphocyte percentage and decreased (P < 0.05) heterophil percentage, leading to a lower heterophil to lymphocyte (H/L) ratio. No significant differences were observed in the relative weights of the heart, liver, ovary, pancreas and spleen of all dietary treatment groups. Conclusions Supplementation of PRE, PRO or SYN improved performance, serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, ALT, ALP and H/L ratio of hens from 20 to 52 weeks of age. These results demonstrated the use of PRE, PRO and SYN as alternative feed additives to AGPs for improving the health and productivity of hens, while PRO is the best for commercial layer production to yield maximum profit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Gee Hoon Tang
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nilai University, No. 1, Persiaran Universiti, Putra Nilai, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.,Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Chin Chin Sieo
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kalavathy Ramasamy
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zuhainis Saad
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Hee Kum Wong
- Strategic Livestock Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Yin Wan Ho
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Shokryazdan P, Faseleh Jahromi M, Liang JB, Ramasamy K, Sieo CC, Ho YW. Effects of a Lactobacillus salivarius mixture on performance, intestinal health and serum lipids of broiler chickens. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175959. [PMID: 28459856 PMCID: PMC5411046 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The ban or severe restriction on the use of antibiotics in poultry feeds to promote growth has led to considerable interest to find alternative approaches. Probiotics have been considered as such alternatives. In the present study, the effects of a Lactobacillus mixture composed from three previously isolated Lactobacillus salivarius strains (CI1, CI2 and CI3) from chicken intestines on performance, intestinal health status and serum lipids of broiler chickens has been evaluated. Supplementation of the mixture at a concentration of 0.5 or 1 g kg-1 of diet to broilers for 42 days improved body weight, body weight gain and FCR, reduced total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, increased populations of beneficial bacteria such as lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, decreased harmful bacteria such as E. coli and total aerobes, reduced harmful cecal bacterial enzymes such as β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase, and improved intestinal histomorphology of broilers. Because of its remarkable efficacy on broiler chickens, the L. salivarius mixture could be considered as a good potential probiotic for chickens, and its benefits should be further evaluated on a commercial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Shokryazdan
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Juan Boo Liang
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kalavathy Ramasamy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chin Chin Sieo
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yin Wan Ho
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Capcarova M, Kalafova A, Lajdova Z, Schwarzova M, Zbynovska K, Hrncar C, Hanusova E, Brunaiova Z, Bielik P. Effectiveness of non-antibiotic stimulators in Japanese quail diet: Gender comparison and economical annex. Biologia (Bratisl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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18
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Saleh AA, Gálik B, Arpášová H, Capcarová M, Kalafová A, Šimko M, Juráček M, Rolinec M, Bíro D, Abudabos AM. Synergistic effect of feedingAspergillus awamoriand lactic acid bacteria on performance, egg traits, egg yolk cholesterol and fatty acid profile in laying hens. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2016.1269300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Saleh
- Poultry Production Department, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - B. Gálik
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - H. Arpášová
- Department of Poultry Science and Small Animal Husbandry, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - M. Capcarová
- Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - A. Kalafová
- Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - M. Šimko
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - M. Juráček
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - M. Rolinec
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - D. Bíro
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - A. M. Abudabos
- Department of Animal Production, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Manafi M, Khalaji S, Hedayati M. Assessment of a probiotic Containing Bacillus Subtilis on the Performance and Gut Health of Laying Japanese Quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica). BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Gallazzi D, Giardini A, Mangiagalli GM, Marelli S, Ferrazzi V, Orsi C, Cavalchini GL. Effects ofLactobacillus acidophilusD2/CSL on laying hen performance. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2008.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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21
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Bozkurt M, Küçükyilmaz K, Ayhan V, Çabuk M, Ugur Çatli A. Performance of layer or broiler breeder hens varies in response to different probiotic preparations. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2011.e31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Forte C, Moscati L, Acuti G, Mugnai C, Franciosini MP, Costarelli S, Cobellis G, Trabalza-Marinucci M. Effects of dietary Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis on laying performance, egg quality, blood biochemistry and immune response of organic laying hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:977-87. [PMID: 26614687 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of two different probiotic micro-organisms on the performance, egg quality and blood parameters of organically reared hens. A total of 900 16-week-old Hy-Line layer hybrids were randomly assigned to three groups of 300 birds each. The control (CTR) group was fed a corn-soya bean cake-based diet; the L group was fed the same diet supplemented with 0.1% Lactobacillus acidophilus, while the B group was fed the same diet supplemented with 0.05% Bacillus subtilis. Data were recorded at the beginning (weeks 5 and 6: T1) and at the end (weeks 19 and 20: T2) of the experiment, and no differences in hen performance were recorded between dietary groups or sampling times. All of the investigated clinical chemistry parameters, except GGT, were affected by diet (p < 0.05), with the best results recorded for the probiotic-treated groups. The immune-response values showed higher blood bactericidal activity in the B and L groups at T2 (p < 0.05) and a lower lysozime concentration in the B group at T1. Higher antibody production against Newcastle disease virus was observed in the L group compared to the CTR (p = 0.013). No differences in oxidative status were recorded, and no effects of diet on egg quality were observed. Among the physical egg characteristics, only the Roche scale colour was affected by diet (p < 0.05): the egg yolk was paler in the L group. The age of the hen was the most relevant factor affecting physical egg characteristics. The chemical parameters of the egg were almost unaffected by supplementation with probiotics except for the lipid content, which decreased with the L diet (p < 0.05). Both probiotic inclusions had beneficial effects on hen metabolism and welfare, and L. acidophilus induced the best immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Forte
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - L Moscati
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Acuti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - C Mugnai
- Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - M P Franciosini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - S Costarelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Cobellis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Tang SGH, Sieo CC, Kalavathy R, Saad WZ, Yong ST, Wong HK, Ho YW. Chemical Compositions of Egg Yolks and Egg Quality of Laying Hens Fed Prebiotic, Probiotic, and Synbiotic Diets. J Food Sci 2015; 80:C1686-95. [PMID: 26174350 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A 16-wk feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of a prebiotic, isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO), a probiotic, PrimaLac®, and their combination as a synbiotic on the chemical compositions of egg yolks and the egg quality of laying hens. One hundred and sixty 16-wk-old Hisex Brown pullets were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments: (i) basal diet (control), (ii) basal diet + 1% IMO (PRE), (iii) basal diet + 0.1% PrimaLac® (PRO), and (iv) basal diet + 1% IMO + 0.1% PrimaLac® (SYN). PRE, PRO, or SYN supplementation not only significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the egg yolk cholesterol (24- and 28-wk-old) and total saturated fatty acids (SFA; 28-, 32-, and 36-wk-old), but also significantly (P < 0.05) increased total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA; 28-, 32-, and 36-wk-old), total omega 6 and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid levels in the eggs (28-wk-old). However, the total lipids, carotenoids, and tocopherols in the egg yolks were similar among all dietary treatments in the 24-, 28-, 32-, and 36-wk-old hens. Egg quality (Haugh unit, relative weights of the albumen and yolk, specific gravity, shell thickness, and yolk color) was not affected by PRE, PRO, or SYN supplementation. The results indicate that supplementations with IMO and PrimaLac® alone or in combination as a synbiotic might be useful for improving the cholesterol content and modifying the fatty acid compositions of egg yolk without affecting the quality of eggs from laying hens between 24 and 36 wk of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Gee Hoon Tang
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Inst. of Bioscience, Univ. Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Chin Chin Sieo
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Inst. of Bioscience, Univ. Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43400, Malaysia.,Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Univ. Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Ramasamy Kalavathy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. Teknologi MARA, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zuhainis Saad
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Univ. Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Su Ting Yong
- Strategic Livestock Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Inst. (MARDI), Persiaran MARDI-UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Hee Kum Wong
- Strategic Livestock Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Inst. (MARDI), Persiaran MARDI-UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Yin Wan Ho
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Inst. of Bioscience, Univ. Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43400, Malaysia
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Chung SH, Lee J, Kong C. Effects of Multi Strain Probiotics on Egg Production and Quality in Laying Hens Fed Diets Containing Food Waste Product. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2015.19.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Lee SB, Im J, Kim SK, Kim YC, Kim MJ, Lee JS, Lee HG. Effects of Dietary Fermented Flammulina velutipes Mycelium on Performance and Egg Quality in Laying Hens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2014.637.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Mookiah S, Sieo CC, Ramasamy K, Abdullah N, Ho YW. Effects of dietary prebiotics, probiotic and synbiotics on performance, caecal bacterial populations and caecal fermentation concentrations of broiler chickens. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:341-348. [PMID: 24037967 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In view of a worldwide attempt to restrict or ban the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal production, probiotics, prebiotics and combinations of both, as synbiotics, have been suggested as potential alternatives. In this study, the effects of a prebiotic (isomalto-oligosaccharides, IMO), a multi-strain probiotic (consisting of 11 Lactobacillus strains), and a combination of these dietary additives as a synbiotic on the performance, caecal bacterial populations and concentrations of caecal volatile fatty acids and non-volatile fatty acids of broiler chickens were evaluated. RESULTS Supplementation of 1g kg⁻¹ probiotic (PRO); 5 g kg⁻¹ prebiotic IMO (PRE05); 10 g kg⁻¹ prebiotic IMO (PRE10); synbiotic consisting of 1g kg⁻¹ probiotic + 5 g kg⁻¹ prebiotic IMO (SYN05); or synbiotic consisting of 1 g kg⁻¹ probiotic + 10 g kg⁻¹ prebiotic IMO (SYN10) significantly (P < 0.05) improved weight gain of broiler chickens at 22-42 and 1-42 days of age, and feed conversion rate from 1 to 21, 22-42 and 1-42 days of age. The supplementation of probiotic (PRO), prebiotics (PRE05 and PRE10) or synbiotics (SYN05 and SYN10) also significantly (P < 0.05) increased the caecal populations of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, and decreased the caecal Escherichia coli at 21 days of age, and increased the caecal VFA at 21 and 42 days of age. In all parameters studied, synbiotics did not show a two-fold synergistic effect, when compared to those of probiotic or prebiotic alone. CONCLUSION The results of the study indicated that prebiotic IMO (5 g kg⁻¹ or 10 g kg⁻¹), probiotic and their combinations as synbiotics were effective in improving the performance of broiler chickens and in increasing the caecal beneficial bacteria and fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saminathan Mookiah
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Zhang ZF, Kim IH. Effects of probiotic supplementation in different energy and nutrient density diets on performance, egg quality, excreta microflora, excreta noxious gas emission, and serum cholesterol concentrations in laying hens. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:4781-7. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-6484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Z. F. Zhang
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, South Korea
| | - I. H. Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, South Korea
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Mikulski D, Jankowski J, Naczmanski J, Mikulska M, Demey V. Effects of dietary probiotic (Pediococcus acidilactici) supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility, egg traits, egg yolk cholesterol, and fatty acid profile in laying hens. Poult Sci 2012; 91:2691-700. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Nain S, Renema R, Zuidhof M, Korver D. Effect of metabolic efficiency and intestinal morphology on variability in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid enrichment of eggs. Poult Sci 2012; 91:888-98. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Wu BQ, Zhang T, Guo LQ, Lin JF. Effects of Bacillus subtilis KD1 on broiler intestinal flora. Poult Sci 2011; 90:2493-9. [PMID: 22010234 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel Bacillus subtilis KD1 strain was isolated and identified from healthy broilers, and its phylogenetic classification was subsequently analyzed. To evaluate its probiotic availability, its growth characteristics and tolerance for the gut environment were evaluated in vitro. The results suggest that B. subtilis KD1 is superior in secreting neutral protease and is highly tolerant of gastric acid and bile salt. In the logarithmic growth phase, the neutral protease reached a maximum of 1,369.3 U/mL. When all live bacteria had become spores in the broth, B. subtilis KD1 was freeze dried and fed to broilers at 10(9), 5 × 10(9), and 10(10) bacilli/kg of feed. The animal trial results suggest that the addition of the new strain significantly improved intestinal flora by increasing lactobacilli and reducing Escherichia coli (P < 0.05) as compared with the control; hence, B. subtilis KD1 is a promising probiotic organism in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Q Wu
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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Khan SH, Atif M, Mukhtar N, Rehman A, Fareed G. Effects of supplementation of multi-enzyme and multi-species probiotic on production performance, egg quality, cholesterol level and immune system in laying hens. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2011.621538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Hassan Khan
- a Poultry Research Institute , Murree Road, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif
- b Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University , Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Mukhtar
- b Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University , Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- a Poultry Research Institute , Murree Road, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Fareed
- a Poultry Research Institute , Murree Road, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Luo J, King S, Adams MC. Effect of probiotic Propionibacterium jensenii 702 supplementation on layer chicken performance. Benef Microbes 2011; 1:53-60. [PMID: 21831750 DOI: 10.3920/bm2009.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the probiotic, Propionibacterium jensenii 702 (PJ 702), supplementation on egg productivity, egg shell thickness, fatty acid profile of eggs, and body weight in early layer hens were investigated. Twenty eight twenty-week-old starter pullets were evenly divided into a treatment and a control group for an eight week experiment. Each bird in the treatment group received 107 cfu PJ 702 daily in a total volume of 1 ml by oral administration. No adverse effect was observed due to administration of PJ 702, and successful gastrointestinal transit in the bird was demonstrated by recovery of PJ 702 from faeces of the treatment group. Layer production was significantly improved by the supplementation of PJ 702. Total egg weight in the treatment group was significantly higher than the control (P<0.001). Average egg weight for the treatment group was 55.26 g, 4.2% higher than the control which averaged 53.02 g. Moreover, the fatty acid profile was significantly altered by the supplementation of PJ 702. Myristic acid (P<0.001), palmitoleic acid (P=0.001) and all-cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid (P=0.02) were significantly lower in the treatment group compared to the control group. No difference in egg shell thickness was observed between the treatment and control group (P=0.23). In conclusion, the application of novel probiotic PJ 702 in the early layer hen is safe and effective to promote production and the quality of products in layer husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luo
- Faculty of Science and IT, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
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Aghaii A, Chaji M, Mohammadab T, Sari M. The Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Production Performance, Egg Quality and Serum and Egg Chemical Composition of Lying Hens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2010.2774.2777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Lee WS, Lee BK, Kim JY, Kim JS, Lee SY, Oh ST, Ahn BK, Hwang YB, Sim SK, Kim DG, Kang CW. Effects of Three Strains of Bacillus subtilis Supplemented to Diets on Egg Quality, Intestinal Microflora and Tibia in The Late Stage of Laying Hens. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2010.52.5.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li X, Liu L, Li K, Hao K, Xu C. Effect of fructooligosaccharides and antibiotics on laying performance of chickens and cholesterol content of egg yolk. Br Poult Sci 2010; 48:185-9. [PMID: 17453810 DOI: 10.1080/00071660701261310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
1. Nine hundred and sixty 25-week-old Lohmann Brown layers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 216 layers in each group. Layers in group one were fed a control diet, group 2 received the control diet plus 20 mg/kg zinc bacitracin and 4 mg/kg colistinsulfate, and the remaining three groups received control diet plus 2000, or 4000, or 6000 mg/kg fructooligosaccharide (FOS). 2. The results showed improvements in egg production, feed consumption and feed conversion of layers when 2000 mg/kg FOS was added to the diets. 3. The results also showed some additional improvements in the group supplemented with 2000 mg/kg FOS, including increases in egg shell thickness, yolk colour and Haugh unit, and decreases in yolk cholesterol concentration. 4. However, larger (excessive) doses of FOS did not improve the performance of layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin, Jiangsu Province, 223001 PRC.
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Karimi Torshizi MA, Moghaddam AR, Rahimi S, Mojgani N. Assessing the effect of administering probiotics in water or as a feed supplement on broiler performance and immune response. Br Poult Sci 2010; 51:178-84. [PMID: 20461578 DOI: 10.1080/00071661003753756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
1. Two routes of probiotic administration in broiler farms, in water and in feed, were compared using 360 one-day-old male broiler chickens. Controls received no probiotics or antimicrobials. The water group received a probiotic preparation at a rate of 0.5 g/l, and the feed group received it at an inclusion rate of 1 g/kg. 2. Performance of broilers in terms body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved when probiotic was provided via drinking water, compared to the control and feed groups. Probiotic administration reduced plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. 3. Spleen (28 and 42 d) and bursa (42 d) relative weights were influenced by method of probiotic administration, which also improved T-cell dependent skin thickness response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) injection. The effect of challenge by dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) depended on the method of probiotic administration. 4. The method of probiotic administration can influence the performance and immune competence of birds, and administration via drinking water appears to be superior to the more conventional in-feed supplementation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Karimi Torshizi
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.B. 14115-336, Tehran.
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Characterization of probiotic strains: An application as feed additives in poultry against Campylobacter jejuni. Int J Food Microbiol 2010; 141 Suppl 1:S98-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Revised: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ashayerizadeh A, Dabiri N, Ashayerizadeh O, Mirzadeh KH, Roshanfekr H, Mamooee M. Effect of dietary antibiotic, probiotic and prebiotic as growth promoters, on growth performance, carcass characteristics and hematological indices of broiler chickens. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:52-7. [PMID: 19579918 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.52.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted for comparison the effects of antibiotic (flavomycin), probiotic (primalac), prebiotic (Biolex-MB) and mixture ofprobiotic and prebiotic (primalac plus Biolex-MB) as dietary growth promoter on growth performance, carcass characteristics and hematological indices of broiler chickens. Three hundred day old Ross 308 broilers were equally distributed into 30 floor pens and reared for 42 day. A basal diet was formulated covering the recommendations of NRC (1994) for starter (0-21 days) and grower (22-42 days) periods and considered as control diet. Four tested diets were formulated by supplemented the basal control diet with antibiotic (flavomycin), probiotic (primalac), prebiotic (Biolex-MB) and mixture ofprimalac plus Biolex-MB, respectively. Six replicates were used for each treatment. The results of present study showed that all growth promoters used was improved growth indices of Ross 308 broilers. The highest significant (p<0.05) values of carcass and thigh were recorded for broilers fed diet supplemented with flavomycin. The highest (p>0.05) value of breast was recorded for broilers fed the diet supplemented with primalac, meanwhile the lower value were showed for birds fed either diet or diet supplemented with Biolex-MB. The percent of carcass and cuts followed the same trend. Hematological parameter including cholesterol was recorded the highest (p>0.05) values groups fed the diets either control or supplemented with flavomycin, meanwhile the lower value was showed for bird fed diet supplemented primalac plus Biolex-MB. Triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) were recorded the highest concentration for bird fed both control and diet supplemented with flavomycin groups while least concentration was found for bird fed diet supplemented with primalac. The results of present study revealed that probiotic and prebiotic as growth promoters can use as alternatives non-antibiotic feed additives to their free harmful side effects on the consumers and to improve broiler chickens growth indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ashayerizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Ahvaz, Iran
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O'Bryan CA, Crandall PG, Ricke SC. Organic Poultry Pathogen Control from Farm to Fork. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2008; 5:709-20. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2008.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Corliss A. O'Bryan
- Center for Food Safety–IFSE and Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Philip G. Crandall
- Center for Food Safety–IFSE and Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Steven C. Ricke
- Center for Food Safety–IFSE and Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
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Farhoomand P, Dadvend A. Carcass weight, growth performance and internal organs size of broilers fed graded levels of Saccharomycese cervicia supplemented diets. Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:1870-1874. [PMID: 19086553 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.1870.1874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of graded levels of Saccharomyces cerviciae (SC) on performance, carcass characteristic and internal organs size of broilers were investigated in a seven weeks trial using 160 days old Cab 500 mal broiler chicks fed corn-soybean meal based diet. In a completely randomized design 160 chicks distributed to four dietary treatments. Thus each dietary treatment had 4 replication with 10 birds each. Four dietary treatment according to the Saccharomyces cervicia (SC) levels were S (0), S1 (100), S2 (300) and S3 (500 g kg(-1) diet). Each three levels of SC significantly (p < 0.05) affected the Feed Conversion Rate (FCR), during 7-21 days and S3 showed the best FCR but during 21-42 days the S1 was the best (p < 0.05). There was no significance differences in body weight gain (BW) and Feed Intake (FI) between the treatments. SC supplementation did not significantly (p > 0.05) affect Dressing Yield (DY) but dressing yield in SC containing treatments numerically were higher than control. Inclusion and levels of SC significantly (p < 0.05) affected, liver, spleen and Abdominal Fat (AF) weight. As the level of SC in diets increased the liver and spleen weight increased too. But abdominal fat decreased. Supplementation of SC significantly (p < 0.05) affected the intestinal (Large and Small) length (LI, SI), the shortest intestine measured on S3 receiving diet, while the highest intestine measured on bird receiving the control diet. The results demonstrated that compared to control diet supplemental SC significantly (p < 0.05) improve FCR, decrease abdominal fat, intestine length and apparently increase body weight gain, dressing yield, liver and spleen weights and 100 g kg(-1) SC diet give the best.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz Farhoomand
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran
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Souza MR, Moreira JL, Barbosa FHF, Cerqueira MMOP, Nunes AC, Nicoli JR. Influence of intensive and extensive breeding on lactic acid bacteria isolated from Gallus gallus domesticus ceca. Vet Microbiol 2006; 120:142-50. [PMID: 17113730 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2006] [Revised: 10/10/2006] [Accepted: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the cecum of chickens bred either under intensive (commercial broilers) or extensive (free-range) conditions were isolated, identified and some of their probiotic characteristics determined. The LAB identified by 16S-23S rRNA PCR-ARDRA were mainly of Lactobacillus species and to a lesser extent of Enterococcus spp. for all animals. Free-range chickens showed a higher presence of Lactobacillus acidophilus while Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus johnsonii were more frequently recovered from commercial broilers. Lactobacillus crispatus was found only in commercial broilers, Lactobacillus vaginalis and Lactobacillus agilis only in free-range chickens and Lactobacillus salivarius in both types. Enterococcus isolates from ceca of commercial broilers showed a higher resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Lactobacillus isolates from free-range chickens presented a higher frequency of in vitro antagonistic activity against selected pathogens than from commercial broilers. All LAB isolates had predominantly non-hydrophobic surfaces, but with variations depending on age of the chickens and breeding conditions. Animal breeding caused variation on composition, antimicrobial susceptibility, antagonistic activity and surface hydrophobicity of LAB from chicken cecum. LAB isolates from ceca of free-range chickens have potential as probiotic agents, which may be used in the future as replacing the use of antimicrobials as growth promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo R Souza
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Escola Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Li L, Xu CL, Ji C, Ma Q, Hao K, Jin ZY, Li K. Effects of a dried Bacillus subtilis culture on egg quality. Poult Sci 2006; 85:364-8. [PMID: 16523640 DOI: 10.1093/ps/85.2.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of a dried Bacillus subtilis culture on the egg qualities of layers were studied. Nine hundred and sixty 25-wk-old Lohmann Brown layers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 192 layers in each group. Layers in group 1 were fed a control diet. The remaining groups received the control diet that contained either 20 mg of zinc bacitracin/kg and 4 mg of colistin sulfate/kg or 500, 1,000, or 1,500 mg of B. subtilis culture/ kg, respectively. The results showed improvements in egg production, feed consumption, and feed conversion (P < 0.05) of layers when 500 mg of B. subtilis culture/kg was added to the diets. The results also showed some special improvements in this group, including increases in eggshell thickness, yolk color, and Haugh unit, and decreases in yolk cholesterol concentration (P < 0.05). However, excessive doses of B. subtilis culture did not improve the performance of layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China 214036 [corrected]
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Abubakar A, Tukur H, Sekoni A, Hassan W. Performance and Egg Quality Characteristics of Laying Birds Fed Diets Containing Rice Bran with and Without Yeast Supplementation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.3923/ajas.2007.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kurtoglu V, Kurtoglu F, Seker E, Coskun B, Balevi T, Polat ES. Effect of probiotic supplementation on laying hen diets on yield performance and serum and egg yolk cholesterol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 21:817-23. [PMID: 15666974 DOI: 10.1080/02652030310001639530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of dietary supplementation of a commercial probiotic (BioPlus 2B) on daily feed consumption, egg yield, egg weight, specific gravity, body weight, feed conversion ratio, serum and egg yolk cholesterol, and serum trigylceride in layer hens were investigated. In 12 replicates, 480 27-week-old Brown-Nick layers were fed with diets containing 0, 250, 500 or 750 mg kg(-1) probiotic for 90 days. When compared with the controls, supplementation of 250, 500 and 750 mg kg(-1) probiotic increased egg production, but decreased the damaged egg ratio (p < 0.05), egg yolk cholesterol and serum cholesterol (p < 0.001) levels. In addition, serum triglyceride levels were reduced by using 500 and 750 mg kg(-1) probiotic supplementation (p < 0.001). Feed conversion ratios were positively affected by supplementation of 250 and 500 mg kg(-1) probiotic compared with controls (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the control and all treatment groups on feed consumption, egg weight, specific gravity, body weight, and egg yolk weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kurtoglu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selçuk, 42031 Konya, Turkey.
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Davis GS, Anderson KE. The effects of feeding the direct-fed microbial, primalac, on growth parameters and egg production in single comb white leghorn hens. Poult Sci 2002; 81:755-9. [PMID: 12079039 DOI: 10.1093/ps/81.6.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two commercial strains of Single Comb White Leghorn hens, HyLine W-36 and DeKalb XL, were reared separately as pullet flocks in an enclosed, environmentally controlled brood-grow house with three banks of quad-deck cages (310 cm2 per bird). There were 1,800 hens of each strain, which were divided into two groups, control feed and a direct-fed microbial (DFM) feed treatment. During the pullet-rearing phase to 18 wk of age, the DeKalb birds had greater parameters of growth and overall feed cost than the HyLine birds. The overall feed cost of the DFM treatment was $0.02 per bird greater than controls. However, the DFM-treated feed improved the livability of the DeKalb birds by 2.68%. At 18 wk of age, 3,528 hens were transferred to an enclosed, mechanically ventilated layer house. The two strains were placed in two differently sized quad-deck layer cages with seven birds per cage; the cage sizes were 35.56 cm x 60.96 cm (2,267.73 cm2 or 310 cm2 per bird) and 14 cm x 32 cm (2,890.32 cm2 or 413 cm2 per bird). There were a total of 144 replications with each strain and DFM treatment combination made up of 36 replications equally divided between the high and low density cages. At 70 wk of age, hens receiving the DFM treatment exhibited greater mean egg weights (61.72 g) and percentages of extra large eggs (XLE, 52.06%) compared to that of controls (61.12 g and 48.98%, respectively). The treatment of 310 cm2/hen DFM produced the least (P < or = 0.05) large eggs; however, this treatment group produced the most (P < or = 0.05) XLE. The use of DFM resulted in a shift from smaller to larger eggs. Regardless of density, the DFM hens had lower (P < or = 0.05) feed cost (FC) compared to FC of the controls (a savings of $0.46/bird between the DFM and control in the 310 cm2 /hen treatment and a $0.83 savings/bird between the DFM and control in the 413 cm2/hen treatment). It was concluded that PrimaLac can improve egg size and lower feed costs, regardless of the bird density used in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Davis
- Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7608, USA.
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Balevi T, Uçan US, Coşkun B, Kurtoglu V, Cetingül IS. Effect of dietary probiotic on performance and humoral immune response in layer hens. Br Poult Sci 2001; 42:456-61. [PMID: 11572620 DOI: 10.1080/00071660120073133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
1. The effects of dietary supplementation of a commercial probiotic (Protexin) on daily feed consumption, egg yield, egg weight, food conversion ratio and humoral immune response in layer hens were investigated. In 7 replicates, a total of 280 40-week-old layers were given diets containing either 0, 250, 500 or 750 parts per million (ppm) for 90 d. 2. When compared with the controls, the food consumption, food conversion ratio and the proportions of damaged eggs were lower in the group consuming 500 ppm probiotic (P<0.05). 3. There was no significant difference between the controls and the groups receiving 250 and 750 ppm probiotic in food consumption, food conversion ratio and proportion of damaged eggs. Similarly, the egg yield, egg weight, specific gravity, and peripheral immune response showed no statistically significant differences between the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Balevi
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, University of Selçuk, Faculty of Veterinawy Medicine, Konya, Turkey
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Jin L, Ho Y, Abdullah N, Ali M, Jalaludin S. Effects of adherent Lactobacillus cultures on growth, weight of organs and intestinal microflora and volatile fatty acids in broilers. Anim Feed Sci Technol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0377-8401(97)00080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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