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Ding Q, Zhang Z, Li Y, Liu H, Hao Q, Yang Y, Ringø E, Olsen RE, Clarke JL, Ran C, Zhou Z. Propionate induces intestinal oxidative stress via Sod2 propionylation in zebrafish. iScience 2021; 24:102515. [PMID: 34142031 PMCID: PMC8188496 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Propionate and propionyl-CoA accumulation have been associated with the development of mitochondrial dysfunction. In this study, we show that propionate induces intestinal damage in zebrafish when fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The intestinal damage was associated with oxidative stress owing to compromised superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2) activity. Global lysine propionylation analysis of the intestinal samples showed that Sod2 was propionylated at lysine 132 (K132), and further biochemical assays demonstrated that K132 propionylation suppressed Sod2 activity. In addition, sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) played an important role in regulating Sod2 activity via modulating de-propionylation. Finally, we revealed that intestinal oxidative stress resulting from Sod2 propionylation contributed to compositional change of gut microbiota. Collectively, our results in this study show that there is a link between Sod2 propionylation and oxidative stress in zebrafish intestines and highlight the potential mechanism of intestinal problems associated with high propionate levels. Propionate supplementation in high-fat diet induces intestinal damage Propionate induces oxidative stress via Sod2 propionylation at 132 lysine site Increased Sod2 propionylation is associated with reduced expression of Sirt3 Intestinal oxidative stress alters gut microbiota composition
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Ding
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.,Norway-China Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Li
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiang Hao
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yalin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Einar Ringø
- Norway-China Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Rolf Erik Olsen
- Norway-China Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | | | - Chao Ran
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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2
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Lagerwaard B, van der Hoek MD, Hoeks J, Grevendonk L, Nieuwenhuizen AG, Keijer J, de Boer VCJ. Propionate hampers differentiation and modifies histone propionylation and acetylation in skeletal muscle cells. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 196:111495. [PMID: 33932454 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein acylation via metabolic acyl-CoA intermediates provides a link between cellular metabolism and protein functionality. A process in which acetyl-CoA and acetylation are fine-tuned is during myogenic differentiation. However, the roles of other protein acylations remain unknown. Protein propionylation could be functionally relevant because propionyl-CoA can be derived from the catabolism of amino acids and fatty acids and was shown to decrease during muscle differentiation. We aimed to explore the potential role of protein propionylation in muscle differentiation, by mimicking a pathophysiological situation with high extracellular propionate which increases propionyl-CoA and protein propionylation, rendering it a model to study increased protein propionylation. Exposure to extracellular propionate, but not acetate, impaired myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells and propionate exposure impaired myogenic differentiation in primary human muscle cells. Impaired differentiation was accompanied by an increase in histone propionylation as well as histone acetylation. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation showed increased histone propionylation at specific regulatory myogenic differentiation sites of the Myod gene. Intramuscular propionylcarnitine levels are higher in old compared to young males and females, possibly indicating increased propionyl-CoA levels with age. The findings suggest a role for propionylation and propionyl-CoA in regulation of muscle cell differentiation and ageing, possibly via alterations in histone acylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Lagerwaard
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, the Netherlands; TI Food and Nutrition, P.O. Box 557, 6700 AN, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marjanne D van der Hoek
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Applied Research Centre Food and Dairy, Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; MCL Academy, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lotte Grevendonk
- TI Food and Nutrition, P.O. Box 557, 6700 AN, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Arie G Nieuwenhuizen
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent C J de Boer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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Lagerwaard B, Pougovkina O, Bekebrede AF, te Brinke H, Wanders RJ, Nieuwenhuizen AG, Keijer J, de Boer VCJ. Increased protein propionylation contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction in liver cells and fibroblasts, but not in myotubes. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:438-449. [PMID: 32740932 PMCID: PMC8049071 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational protein modifications derived from metabolic intermediates, such as acyl-CoAs, have been shown to regulate mitochondrial function. Patients with a genetic defect in the propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC) gene clinically present symptoms related to mitochondrial disorders and are characterised by decreased mitochondrial respiration. Since propionyl-CoA accumulates in PCC deficient patients and protein propionylation can be driven by the level of propionyl-CoA, we hypothesised that protein propionylation could play a role in the pathology of the disease. Indeed, we identified increased protein propionylation due to pathologic propionyl-CoA accumulation in patient-derived fibroblasts and this was accompanied by defective mitochondrial respiration, as was shown by a decrease in complex I-driven respiration. To mimic pathological protein propionylation levels, we exposed cultured fibroblasts, Fao liver cells and C2C12 muscle myotubes to propionate levels that are typically found in these patients. This induced a global increase in protein propionylation and histone protein propionylation and was also accompanied by a decrease in mitochondrial respiration in liver and fibroblasts. However, in C2C12 myotubes propionate exposure did not decrease mitochondrial respiration, possibly due to differences in propionyl-CoA metabolism as compared to the liver. Therefore, protein propionylation could contribute to the pathology in these patients, especially in the liver, and could therefore be an interesting target to pursue in the treatment of this metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Lagerwaard
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenNetherlands
- TI Food and NutritionWageningenNetherlands
| | - Olga Pougovkina
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical ChemistryAcademic Medical Center, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Anna F. Bekebrede
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenNetherlands
| | - Heleen te Brinke
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical ChemistryAcademic Medical Center, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Ronald J.A. Wanders
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical ChemistryAcademic Medical Center, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of PediatricsEmma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Arie G. Nieuwenhuizen
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenNetherlands
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenNetherlands
| | - Vincent C. J. de Boer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenNetherlands
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical ChemistryAcademic Medical Center, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of PediatricsEmma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
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4
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Gancheva S, Caspari D, Bierwagen A, Jelenik T, Caprio S, Santoro N, Rothe M, Markgraf DF, Herebian D, Hwang JH, Öner-Sieben S, Mennenga J, Pacini G, Thimm E, Schlune A, Meissner T, Vom Dahl S, Klee D, Mayatepek E, Roden M, Ensenauer R. Cardiometabolic risk factor clustering in patients with deficient branched-chain amino acid catabolism: A case-control study. J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:981-993. [PMID: 32118306 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Classical organic acidemias (OAs) result from defective mitochondrial catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). Abnormal mitochondrial function relates to oxidative stress, ectopic lipids and insulin resistance (IR). We investigated whether genetically impaired function of mitochondrial BCAA catabolism associates with cardiometabolic risk factors, altered liver and muscle energy metabolism, and IR. In this case-control study, 31 children and young adults with propionic acidemia (PA), methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) or isovaleric acidemia (IVA) were compared with 30 healthy young humans using comprehensive metabolic phenotyping including in vivo 31 P/1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy of liver and skeletal muscle. Among all OAs, patients with PA exhibited abdominal adiposity, IR, fasting hyperglycaemia and hypertriglyceridemia as well as increased liver fat accumulation, despite dietary energy intake within recommendations for age and sex. In contrast, patients with MMA more frequently featured higher energy intake than recommended and had a different phenotype including hepatomegaly and mildly lower skeletal muscle ATP content. In skeletal muscle of patients with PA, slightly lower inorganic phosphate levels were found. However, hepatic ATP and inorganic phosphate concentrations were not different between all OA patients and controls. In patients with IVA, no abnormalities were detected. Impaired BCAA catabolism in PA, but not in MMA or IVA, was associated with a previously unrecognised, metabolic syndrome-like phenotype with abdominal adiposity potentially resulting from ectopic lipid storage. These findings suggest the need for early cardiometabolic risk factor screening in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiya Gancheva
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daria Caspari
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alessandra Bierwagen
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tomas Jelenik
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sonia Caprio
- Department of Pediatrics, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nicola Santoro
- Department of Pediatrics, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, "V.Tiberio" University of Molise Via de Sanctis, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Maik Rothe
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel F Markgraf
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jong-Hee Hwang
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Soner Öner-Sieben
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jasmin Mennenga
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Giovanni Pacini
- Metabolic Unit, CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Eva Thimm
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Schlune
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Meissner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Vom Dahl
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Klee
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Regina Ensenauer
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Child Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
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5
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Manoli I, Sysol JR, Epping MW, Li L, Wang C, Sloan JL, Pass A, Gagné J, Ktena YP, Li L, Trivedi NS, Ouattara B, Zerfas PM, Hoffmann V, Abu-Asab M, Tsokos MG, Kleiner DE, Garone C, Cusmano-Ozog K, Enns GM, Vernon HJ, Andersson HC, Grunewald S, Elkahloun AG, Girard CL, Schnermann J, DiMauro S, Andres-Mateos E, Vandenberghe LH, Chandler RJ, Venditti CP. FGF21 underlies a hormetic response to metabolic stress in methylmalonic acidemia. JCI Insight 2018; 3:124351. [PMID: 30518688 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.124351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), an organic acidemia characterized by metabolic instability and multiorgan complications, is most frequently caused by mutations in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT). To define the metabolic adaptations in MMA in acute and chronic settings, we studied a mouse model generated by transgenic expression of Mut in the muscle. Mut-/-;TgINS-MCK-Mut mice accurately replicate the hepatorenal mitochondriopathy and growth failure seen in severely affected patients and were used to characterize the response to fasting. The hepatic transcriptome in MMA mice was characterized by the chronic activation of stress-related pathways and an aberrant fasting response when compared with controls. A key metabolic regulator, Fgf21, emerged as a significantly dysregulated transcript in mice and was subsequently studied in a large patient cohort. The concentration of plasma FGF21 in MMA patients correlated with disease subtype, growth indices, and markers of mitochondrial dysfunction but was not affected by renal disease. Restoration of liver Mut activity, by transgenesis and liver-directed gene therapy in mice or liver transplantation in patients, drastically reduced plasma FGF21 and was associated with improved outcomes. Our studies identify mitocellular hormesis as a hepatic adaptation to metabolic stress in MMA and define FGF21 as a highly predictive disease biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Manoli
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Justin R Sysol
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Madeline W Epping
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lina Li
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cindy Wang
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer L Sloan
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexandra Pass
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jack Gagné
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yiouli P Ktena
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lingli Li
- Kidney Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Niraj S Trivedi
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bazoumana Ouattara
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.,Péléforo Gbon Coulibaly University, Korhogo, Ivory Coast
| | | | | | - Mones Abu-Asab
- Ultrastructural Pathology Section, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria G Tsokos
- Ultrastructural Pathology Section, Center for Cancer Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David E Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Caterina Garone
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Gregory M Enns
- Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hilary J Vernon
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hans C Andersson
- Hayward Genetics Center, Tulane University Medical School, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Stephanie Grunewald
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children Foundation Trust, Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abdel G Elkahloun
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christiane L Girard
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jurgen Schnermann
- Kidney Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Salvatore DiMauro
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eva Andres-Mateos
- Grousbeck Gene Therapy Center, Schepens Eye Research Institute and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Ocular Genomics Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Luk H Vandenberghe
- Grousbeck Gene Therapy Center, Schepens Eye Research Institute and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Ocular Genomics Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Randy J Chandler
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Charles P Venditti
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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6
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Shtriker MG, Peri I, Taieb E, Nyska A, Tirosh O, Madar Z. Galactomannan More than Pectin Exacerbates Liver Injury in Mice Fed with High-Fat, High-Cholesterol Diet. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800331. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam G. Shtriker
- Institute of Biochemistry; Food Science and Nutrition; Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture; Food and Environment; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Irena Peri
- Institute of Biochemistry; Food Science and Nutrition; Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture; Food and Environment; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Elise Taieb
- Institute of Biochemistry; Food Science and Nutrition; Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture; Food and Environment; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Abraham Nyska
- Sackler School of Medicine; Tel Aviv University, and Consultant in Toxicologic Pathology; Timrat 36576 Israel
| | - Oren Tirosh
- Institute of Biochemistry; Food Science and Nutrition; Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture; Food and Environment; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Zecharia Madar
- Institute of Biochemistry; Food Science and Nutrition; Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture; Food and Environment; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot 76100 Israel
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7
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Imbard A, Garcia Segarra N, Tardieu M, Broué P, Bouchereau J, Pichard S, de Baulny HO, Slama A, Mussini C, Touati G, Danjoux M, Gaignard P, Vogel H, Labarthe F, Schiff M, Benoist JF. Long-term liver disease in methylmalonic and propionic acidemias. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 123:433-440. [PMID: 29433791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Patients affected with methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) and propionic acidemia (PA) exhibit diverse long-term complications and poor outcome. Liver disease is not a reported complication. The aim of this study was to characterize and extensively evaluate long-term liver involvement in MMA and PA patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS We first describe four patients who had severe liver involvement during the course of their disease. Histology showed fibrosis and/or cirrhosis in 3 patients. Such liver involvement led us to retrospectively collect liver (clinical, laboratory and ultrasound) data of MMA (N = 12) or PA patients (N = 16) from 2003 to 2016. RESULTS Alpha-fetoprotein (αFP) levels were increased in 8/16 and 3/12 PA and MMA patients, respectively, and tended to increase with age. Moderate and recurrent increase of GGT was observed in 4/16 PA patients and 4/12 MMA patients. Abnormal liver ultrasound with either hepatomegaly and/or hyperechoic liver was observed in 7/9 PA patients and 3/9 MMA patients. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that approximately half of the patients affected by MMA or PA had signs of liver abnormalities. The increase of αFP with age suggests progressive toxicity, which might be due to the metabolites accumulated in PA and MMA. These metabolites (e.g., methylmalonic acid and propionic acid derivatives) have previously been reported to have mitochondrial toxicity; this toxicity is confirmed by the results of histological and biochemical mitochondrial analyses of the liver in two of our MMA patients. In contrast to the moderate clinical, laboratory or ultrasound expression, severe pathological expression was found for three of the 4 patients who underwent liver biopsy, ranging from fibrosis to cirrhosis. These results emphasize the need for detailed liver function evaluation in organic aciduria patients, including liver biopsy when liver disease is suspected. TAKE HOME MESSAGE MMA and PA patients exhibit long-term liver abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apolline Imbard
- Biochemistry Laboratory, APHP, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France; Paris Sud University, Chatenay Malabry, France
| | - Nuria Garcia Segarra
- Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, APHP, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France; Center for Molecular Diseases, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Pierre Broué
- Hepatology and IEM Unit, Children Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Juliette Bouchereau
- Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, APHP, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Samia Pichard
- Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, APHP, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Ogier de Baulny
- Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, APHP, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Abdelhamid Slama
- Biochemistry Laboratory, APHP, CHU Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Charlotte Mussini
- Department of Pathology, APHP, CHU Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Guy Touati
- Hepatology and IEM Unit, Children Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Danjoux
- Hepatology and IEM Unit, Children Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Pauline Gaignard
- Biochemistry Laboratory, APHP, CHU Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Hannes Vogel
- Neuropathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Manuel Schiff
- Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, APHP, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France; UMR1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Benoist
- Biochemistry Laboratory, APHP, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France; Paris Sud University, Chatenay Malabry, France.
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Microbe-mitochondrion crosstalk and health: An emerging paradigm. Mitochondrion 2017; 39:20-25. [PMID: 28838618 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human mitochondria are descendants of microbes and altered mitochondrial function has been implicated in processes ranging from ageing to diabetes. Recent work has highlighted the importance of gut microbial communities in human health and disease. While the spotlight has been on the influence of such communities on the human immune system and the extraction of calories from otherwise indigestible food, an important but less investigated link between the microbes and mitochondria remains unexplored. Microbial metabolites including short chain fatty acids as well as other molecules such as pyrroloquinoline quinone, fermentation gases, and modified fatty acids influence mitochondrial function. This review focuses on the known direct and indirect effects of microbes upon mitochondria and speculates regarding additional links for which there is circumstantial evidence. Overall, while there is compelling evidence that a microbiota-mitochondria link exists, explicit and holistic mechanistic studies are warranted to advance this nascent field.
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L-Carnitine and Acetyl-L-carnitine Roles and Neuroprotection in Developing Brain. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:1661-1675. [PMID: 28508995 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2288-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
L-Carnitine functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. Treatment with L-carnitine can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism. In recent years there has been considerable interest in the therapeutic potential of L-carnitine and its acetylated derivative acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) for neuroprotection in a number of disorders including hypoxia-ischemia, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease and in conditions leading to central or peripheral nervous system injury. There is compelling evidence from preclinical studies that L-carnitine and ALCAR can improve energy status, decrease oxidative stress and prevent subsequent cell death in models of adult, neonatal and pediatric brain injury. ALCAR can provide an acetyl moiety that can be oxidized for energy, used as a precursor for acetylcholine, or incorporated into glutamate, glutamine and GABA, or into lipids for myelination and cell growth. Administration of ALCAR after brain injury in rat pups improved long-term functional outcomes, including memory. Additional studies are needed to better explore the potential of L-carnitine and ALCAR for protection of developing brain as there is an urgent need for therapies that can improve outcome after neonatal and pediatric brain injury.
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Gebregiworgis T, Nielsen HH, Massilamany C, Gangaplara A, Reddy J, Illes Z, Powers R. A Urinary Metabolic Signature for Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:659-66. [PMID: 26759122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Urine is a metabolite-rich biofluid that reflects the body's effort to maintain chemical and osmotic homeostasis. Clinical diagnosis routinely relies on urine samples because the collection process is easy and noninvasive. Despite these advantages, urine is an under-investigated source of biomarkers for multiple sclerosis (MS). Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) has become a common approach for analyzing urinary metabolites for disease diagnosis and biomarker discovery. For illustration of the potential of urinary metabolites for diagnosing and treating MS patients, and for differentiating between MS and other illnesses, 38 urine samples were collected from healthy controls, MS patients, and neuromyelitis optica-spectrum disorder (NMO-SD) patients and analyzed with NMR, multivariate statistics, one-way ANOVA, and univariate statistics. Urine from MS patients exhibited a statistically distinct metabolic signature from healthy and NMO-SD controls. A total of 27 metabolites were differentially altered in the urine from MS and NMO-SD patients and were associated with synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, amino acids, propionate and pyruvate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and glycolysis. Metabolites altered in urine from MS patients were shown to be related to known pathogenic processes relevant to MS, including alterations in energy and fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial activity, and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teklab Gebregiworgis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
| | - Helle H Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark , Odense, Denmark
| | - Chandirasegaran Massilamany
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0905, United States
| | - Arunakumar Gangaplara
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0905, United States
| | - Jay Reddy
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0905, United States
| | - Zsolt Illes
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark , Odense, Denmark
| | - Robert Powers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, United States
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Ochoa-Ruiz E, Díaz-Ruiz R, Hernández-Vázquez ADJ, Ibarra-González I, Ortiz-Plata A, Rembao D, Ortega-Cuéllar D, Viollet B, Uribe-Carvajal S, Corella JA, Velázquez-Arellano A. Biotin deprivation impairs mitochondrial structure and function and has implications for inherited metabolic disorders. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 116:204-14. [PMID: 26343941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Certain inborn errors of metabolism result from deficiencies in biotin containing enzymes. These disorders are mimicked by dietary absence or insufficiency of biotin, ATP deficit being a major effect,whose responsible mechanisms have not been thoroughly studied. Here we show that in rats and cultured cells it is the result of reduced TCA cycle flow, partly due to deficient anaplerotic biotin-dependent pyruvate carboxylase. This is accompanied by diminished flow through the electron transport chain, augmented by deficient cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) activity with decreased cytochromes and reduced oxidative phosphorylation. There was also severe mitochondrial damage accompanied by decrease of mitochondria, associated with toxic levels of propionyl CoA as shown by carnitine supplementation studies, which explains the apparently paradoxical mitochondrial diminution in the face of the energy sensor AMPK activation, known to induce mitochondria biogenesis. This idea was supported by experiments on AMPK knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The multifactorial ATP deficit also provides a plausible basis for the cardiomyopathy in patients with propionic acidemia, and other diseases.Additionally, systemic inflammation concomitant to the toxic state might explain our findings of enhanced IL-6, STAT3 and HIF-1α, associated with an increase of mitophagic BNIP3 and PINK proteins, which may further increase mitophagy. Together our results imply core mechanisms of energy deficit in several inherited metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Ochoa-Ruiz
- Unidad de Genética de la Nutrición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México D.F., México
| | - Rodrigo Díaz-Ruiz
- Unidad de Genética de la Nutrición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México D.F., México
| | - Alaín de J Hernández-Vázquez
- Unidad de Genética de la Nutrición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México D.F., México
| | - Isabel Ibarra-González
- Unidad de Genética de la Nutrición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México D.F., México
| | - Alma Ortiz-Plata
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, México D.F., México
| | - Daniel Rembao
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, México D.F., México
| | - Daniel Ortega-Cuéllar
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México D.F., México
| | - Benoit Viollet
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR, 8104 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Salvador Uribe-Carvajal
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., México
| | - José Ahmed Corella
- Unidad de Genética de la Nutrición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México D.F., México
| | - Antonio Velázquez-Arellano
- Unidad de Genética de la Nutrición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México D.F., México.
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Bogusiewicz A, Boysen G, Mock DM. In HepG2 cells, coexisting carnitine deficiency masks important indicators of marginal biotin deficiency. J Nutr 2015; 145:32-40. [PMID: 25527659 PMCID: PMC4264022 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.201343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of birth defects are related to nutrient deficiencies; concern that biotin deficiency is teratogenic in humans is reasonable. Surprisingly, studies indicate that increased urinary 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine (3HIAc), a previously validated marker of biotin deficiency, is not a valid biomarker in pregnancy. OBJECTIVE In this study we hypothesized that coexisting carnitine deficiency can prevent the increase in 3HIAc due to biotin deficiency. METHODS We used a 2-factor nutrient depletion design to induce isolated and combined biotin and carnitine deficiency in HepG2 cells and then repleted cells with carnitine. To elucidate the metabolic pathogenesis, we quantitated intracellular and extracellular free carnitine, acylcarnitines, and acylcarnitine ratios using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Relative to biotin-sufficient, carnitine-sufficient cells, intracellular acetylcarnitine increased by 90%, propionylcarnitine more than doubled, and 3HIAc increased by >10-fold in biotin-deficient, carnitine-sufficient (BDCS) cells, consistent with a defensive mechanism in which biotin-deficient cells transesterify the acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) substrates of the biotin-dependent carboxylases to the related acylcarnitines. Likewise, in BDCS cells, the ratio of acetylcarnitine to malonylcarnitine and the ratio of propionylcarnitine to methylmalonylcarnitine both more than tripled, and the ratio of 3HIAc to 3-methylglutarylcarnitine (MGc) increased by >10-fold. In biotin-deficient, carnitine-deficient (BDCD) cells, the 3 substrate-derived acylcarnitines changed little, but the substrate:product ratios were masked to a lesser extent. Moreover, carnitine repletion unmasked biotin deficiency in BDCD cells as shown by increases in acetylcarnitine, propionylcarnitine, and 3HIAc (each increased by >50-fold). Likewise, ratios of acetylcarnitine:malonylcarnitine, propionylcarnitine:methylmalonylcarnitine, and 3HIAc:MGc all increased by >8-fold. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide strong evidence that coexisting carnitine deficiency masks some indicators of biotin deficiency and support the potential importance of the ratios of acylcarnitines arising from the acyl-CoA substrates and products for biotin-dependent carboxylases in detecting the biotin deficiency that is masked by coexisting carnitine deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gunnar Boysen
- Fay W Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Donald M Mock
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
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Siekmeyer M, Petzold-Quinque S, Terpe F, Beblo S, Gebhardt R, Schlensog-Schuster F, Kiess W, Siekmeyer W. Citric acid as the last therapeutic approach in an acute life-threatening metabolic decompensation of propionic acidaemia. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2013; 26:569-74. [PMID: 23412866 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2012-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle represents the key enzymatic steps in cellular energy metabolism. Once the TCA cycle is impaired in case of inherited metabolic disorders, life-threatening episodes of metabolic decompensation and severe organ failure can arise. We present the case of a 6 ½-year-old girl with propionic acidaemia during an episode of acute life-threatening metabolic decompensation and severe lactic acidosis. Citric acid given as an oral formulation showed the potential to sustain the TCA cycle flux. This therapeutic approach may become a treatment option in a situation of acute metabolic crisis, possibly preventing severe disturbance of energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Siekmeyer
- Department of Women and Child Health, University Hospital, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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14
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Kim YJ, Kim SY, Sung DK, Chang YS, Park WS. Neuroprotective effects of L-carnitine against oxygen-glucose deprivation in rat primary cortical neurons. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2012; 55:238-48. [PMID: 22844318 PMCID: PMC3405156 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2012.55.7.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is an important cause of neonatal mortality, as this brain injury disrupts normal mitochondrial respiratory activity. Carnitine plays an essential role in mitochondrial fatty acid transport and modulates excess acyl coenzyme A levels. In this study, we investigated whether treatment of primary cultures of rat cortical neurons with L-carnitine was able to prevent neurotoxicity resulting from oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Methods Cortical neurons were prepared from Sprague-Dawley rat embryos. L-Carnitine was applied to cultures just prior to OGD and subsequent reoxygenation. The numbers of cells that stained with acridine orange (AO) and propidium iodide (PI) were counted, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and the terminal uridine deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling assay were performed to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine (1 µM, 10 µM, and 100 µM) on OGD-induced neurotoxicity. Results Treatment of primary cultures of rat cortical neurons with L-carnitine significantly reduced cell necrosis and prevented apoptosis after OGD. L-Carnitine application significantly reduced the number of cells that died, as assessed by the PI/AO ratio, and also reduced ROS release in the OGD groups treated with 10 µM and 100 µM of L-carnitine compared with the untreated OGD group (P<0.05). The application of L-carnitine at 100 µM significantly decreased cytotoxicity, LDH release, and inhibited apoptosis compared to the untreated OGD group (P<0.05). Conclusion L-Carnitine has neuroprotective benefits against OGD in rat primary cortical neurons in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Mizuguchi K, Hoshino H, Nagasawa T, Kubota M. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a patient with propionic acidaemia: a therapeutic option for cardiac failure. J Inherit Metab Dis 2009; 32 Suppl 1:S37-40. [PMID: 19408133 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-009-1029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2008] [Revised: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a Japanese girl affected with a neonatal-onset form of propionic acidaemia (PA). She developed severe metabolic crisis after dehydration at 2 years of age. Bradycardia with complete atrioventricular block responded to haemodiafiltration, but severe cardiac failure was refractory to inotropic treatment. She was diagnosed with acute cardiac dysfunction caused by PA-induced metabolic crisis. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), a technique for providing mechanical circulatory support, was required. This is the first case report of a PA patient who recovered from a life-threatening metabolic crisis with cardiac failure by ECMO. Cardiac failure may be a cause of death, but it is occasionally an under-recognized complication. Mitochondrial dysfunction in the myocardium due to propionyl-CoA could contribute to the pathomechanism of cardiac complications of PA. We believe that ECMO should be attempted in PA patients with cardiac failure, in addition to haemodiafiltration and other therapeutic measures, because doing so may lead to the recovery of cardiac dysfunction, as was evident in our patient. In conclusion, prompt investigations and management of cardiac complications should be performed immediately during PA-induced metabolic crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mizuguchi
- Division of Child Neurology, National Center of Child Health and Development, Okura 2-10-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8504, Japan.
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16
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Sharma S, Sud N, Wiseman DA, Carter AL, Kumar S, Hou Y, Rau T, Wilham J, Harmon C, Oishi P, Fineman JR, Black SM. Altered carnitine homeostasis is associated with decreased mitochondrial function and altered nitric oxide signaling in lambs with pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 294:L46-56. [PMID: 18024721 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00247.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Utilizing aortopulmonary vascular graft placement in the fetal lamb, we have developed a model (shunt) of pulmonary hypertension that mimics congenital heart disease with increased pulmonary blood flow. Our previous studies have identified a progressive development of endothelial dysfunction in shunt lambs that is dependent, at least in part, on decreased nitric oxide (NO) signaling. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible role of a disruption in carnitine metabolism in shunt lambs and to determine the effect on NO signaling. Our data indicate that at 2 wk of age, shunt lambs have significantly reduced expression (P < 0.05) of the key enzymes in carnitine metabolism: carnitine palmitoyltransferases 1 and 2 as well as carnitine acetyltransferase (CrAT). In addition, we found that CrAT activity was inhibited due to increased nitration. Furthermore, free carnitine levels were significantly decreased whereas acylcarnitine levels were significantly higher in shunt lambs (P < 0.05). We also found that alterations in carnitine metabolism resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction, since shunt lambs had significantly decreased pyruvate, increased lactate, and a reduced pyruvate/lactate ratio. In pulmonary arterial endothelial cells cultured from juvenile lambs, we found that mild uncoupling of the mitochondria led to a decrease in cellular ATP levels and a reduction in both endothelial NO synthase-heat shock protein 90 (eNOS-HSP90) interactions and NO signaling. Similarly, in shunt lambs we found a loss of eNOS-HSP90 interactions that correlated with a progressive decrease in NO signaling. Our data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role in the development of endothelial dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension and increased pulmonary blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Sharma
- Program in Pulmonary Disease, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Wainwright MS, Kohli R, Whitington PF, Chace DH. Carnitine Treatment Inhibits Increases in Cerebral Carnitine Esters and Glutamate Detected by Mass Spectrometry After Hypoxia-Ischemia in Newborn Rats. Stroke 2006; 37:524-30. [PMID: 16385097 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000198892.15269.f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral ischemic insults disrupt normal respiratory activity in mitochondria. Carnitine plays an essential role in mitochondrial metabolism and in modulating excess acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) levels. The effects of cerebral ischemia on carnitine metabolism are not well understood, although the newborn may be particularly vulnerable to carnitine deficiency. We used a newborn rat model of hypoxia-ischemia (HI) to test the hypothesis that HI alters acyl-CoA:CoA homeostasis and that this effect can be prevented by treatment with carnitine. METHODS A total of 120 postnatal day 7 rats were subjected to 70 minutes of HI after treatment with 16 mmol/kg intraperitoneal l-carnitine or diluent. Carnitine, acylcarnitines, and excitatory amino acids were measured by mass spectrometry, and carnitine acetyl transferase activity, superoxide, and levels of the mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin (CL) were measured at 2- and 24-hour recovery. RESULTS HI and hypoxia were associated with a significant increase in the ratio of acyl-CoA:CoA, which was prevented by treatment with carnitine. Carnitine treatment also prevented increases in glutamate, glycine, superoxide, and decrease of CL. CONCLUSIONS Carnitine metabolic pathways are compromised in HI and hypoxia. The protective effect of carnitine treatment on HI injury may be attributable to maintaining mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Wainwright
- Department of Pediatrics, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia remains a significant cause of neonatal mortality and neurodevelopmental disability. Numerous lines of evidence indicate that cerebral ischemic insults disrupt normal respiratory activity in mitochondria. Carnitine (3-hydroxy-4-N-trimethylammonium-butyrate) has an essential role in fatty acid transport in the mitochondrion and in modulating potentially toxic acyl-CoA levels in the mitochondrial matrix. There are no naturally occurring esterases available to reduce the accumulation of acyl-CoA but this process can be overcome by exogenous carnitine. We used a newborn rat model of perinatal hypoxia-ischemia to test the hypothesis that treatment with l-carnitine would reduce the neuropathologic injury resulting from hypoxia-ischemia in the developing brain. We found that treatment with l-carnitine during hypoxia-ischemia reduces neurologic injury in the immature rat after both a 7- and 28-d recovery period. We saw no neuroprotective effect when l-carnitine was administered after hypoxia-ischemia. Treatment with d-carnitine resulted in an increase in mortality during hypoxia-ischemia. Carnitine is easy to administer, has low toxicity, and is routinely used in neonates as well as children with epilepsy, cardiomyopathy, and inborn errors of metabolism. l-Carnitine merits further investigation as a treatment modality for the asphyxiated newborn or as prophylaxis for the at-risk fetus or newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Wainwright
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
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Sprague CL, Elfarra AA. Detection of carboxylic acids and inhibition of hippuric acid formation in rats treated with 3-butene-1,2-diol, a major metabolite of 1,3-butadiene. Drug Metab Dispos 2003; 31:986-92. [PMID: 12867486 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.31.8.986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have indicated that 1,3-butadiene exposure is associated with an increased risk of leukemia. In human liver microsomes, 1,3-butadiene is rapidly oxidized to butadiene monoxide, which can then be hydrolyzed to 3-butene-1,2-diol (BDD). In this study, BDD and several potential metabolites were characterized in the urine of male B6C3F1 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats after BDD administration (i.p.). Rats given 1420 micromol kg(-1) BDD excreted significantly greater amounts of BDD relative to rats administered 710 micromol kg(-1) BDD. Rats administered 1420 or 2840 micromol kg(-1) BDD excreted significantly greater amounts of BDD per kilogram of body weight than mice given an equivalent dose. Trace amounts of 1-hydroxy-2-butanone and the carboxylic acid metabolites, crotonic acid, propionic acid, and 2-ketobutyric acid, were detected in mouse and rat urine after BDD administration. Because of the identification of the carboxylic acid metabolites and because of the known ability of carboxylic acids to conjugate coenzyme A, which is critical for hippuric acid formation, the effect of BDD treatment on hippuric acid concentrations was investigated. Rats given 1420 or 2272 micromol kg(-1) BDD had significantly elevated ratios of benzoic acid to hippuric acid in the urine after treatment compared with control urine. However, this effect was not observed in mice administered 1420 or 2840 micromol kg(-1) BDD. Collectively, the results demonstrate species differences in the urinary excretion of BDD and show that BDD administration in rats inhibits hippuric acid formation. The detection of 1-hydroxy-2-butanone and the carboxylic acids also provides insight regarding pathways of BDD metabolism in vivo.
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Brusque AM, Borba Rosa R, Schuck PF, Dalcin KB, Ribeiro CAJ, Silva CG, Wannmacher CMD, Dutra-Filho CS, Wyse ATS, Briones P, Wajner M. Inhibition of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activities in rat cerebral cortex by methylmalonic acid. Neurochem Int 2002; 40:593-601. [PMID: 11900854 DOI: 10.1016/s0197-0186(01)00130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Propionic and methylmalonic acidemic patients have severe neurologic symptoms whose etiopathogeny is still obscure. Since increase of lactic acid is detected in the urine of these patients, especially during metabolic decompensation when high concentrations of methylmalonate (MMA) and propionate (PA) are produced, it is possible that cellular respiration may be impaired in these individuals. Therefore, we investigated the effects of MMA and PA (1, 2.5 and 5mM), the principal metabolites which accumulate in these conditions, on the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activities succinate: 2,6-dichloroindophenol (DCIP) oxireductase (complex II); succinate: cytochrome c oxireductase (complexII+CoQ+III); NADH: cytochrome c oxireductase (complex I+CoQ+complex III); and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) (complex IV) from cerebral cortex homogenates of young rats. The effect of MMA on ubiquinol: cytochrome c oxireductase (complex III) and NADH: ubiquinone oxireductase (complex I) activities was also tested. Control groups did not contain MMA and PA in the incubation medium. MMA significantly inhibited complex I+III (32-46%), complex I (61-72%), and complex II+III (15-26%), without affecting significantly the activities of complexes II, III and IV. However, by using 1mM succinate in the assay instead of the usual 16mM concentration, MMA was able to significantly inhibit complex II activity in the brain homogenates. In contrast, PA did not affect any of these mitochondrial enzyme activities. The effect of MMA and PA on succinate: phenazine oxireductase (soluble succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)) was also measured in mitochondrial preparations. The results showed significant inhibition of the soluble SDH activity by MMA (11-27%) in purified mitochondrial fractions. Thus, if the in vitro inhibition of the oxidative phosphorylation system is also expressed under in vivo conditions, a deficit of brain energy production might explain some of the neurological abnormalities found in patients with methylmalonic acidemia (MMAemia) and be responsible for the lactic acidemia/aciduria identified in some of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Brusque
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, CEP 90.035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Trindade VMT, Brusque AM, Raasch JR, Pettenuzzo LE, Rocha HP, Wannmacher CMD, Wajne M. Ganglioside alterations in the central nervous system of rats chronically injected with methylmalonic and propionic acids. Metab Brain Dis 2002; 17:93-102. [PMID: 12083341 DOI: 10.1023/a:1015464028616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurological dysfunction and structural cerebral abnormalities are commonly found in patients with methylmalonic and propionic acidemia. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuropathology of these disorders are poorly understood. We have previously demonstrated that methylmalonic and propionic acids induce a significant reduction of ganglioside N-acetylneuraminic acid in the brain of rats subjected to chronic administration of these metabolites. In the present study, we investigated the in vivo effects of chronic administration of methylmalonic (MMA) and propionic (PA) acids (from the 6th to the 28th day of life) on the distribution and composition of gangliosides in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex of rats. Control rats were treated with the same volumes of saline. It was first verified that MMA and PA treatment did not modify body, cerebellum, or cortical weight, nor the ganglioside concentration in the cerebral cortex of the animals. In contrast, a significant reduction in total ganglioside content in the cerebellum of approximately 20-30% and 50% of control levels occurred in rats injected with MMA and PA, respectively. Moreover, chronic MMA and PA administration did not interfere with the ganglioside pattern in the cerebral cortex, whereas the distribution of individual gangliosides was altered in the cerebellum of MMA- and PA-treated animals. Rats injected with MMA demonstrated a marked decrease in GM1 and GD3, whereas chronic PA treatment provoked a significant reduction of all ganglioside species, with the exception of an increase in GM2. Since gangliosides are closely related to the dendritic surface and other neural membranes, indirectly reflecting synaptogenesis, these ganglioside abnormalities may be associated with the brain damage found in methylmalonic and propionic acidemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M T Trindade
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Brusque AM, Rotta LN, Tavares RG, Emanuelli T, Schwarzbold CV, Dutra-Filho CS, de Souza Wyse AT, Duval Wannmacher CM, Gomes de Souza DO, Wajner M. Effects of methylmalonic and propionic acids on glutamate uptake by synaptosomes and synaptic vesicles and on glutamate release by synaptosomes from cerebral cortex of rats. Brain Res 2001; 920:194-201. [PMID: 11716825 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(01)03069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Neurological dysfunction is common in patients with methylmalonic and propionic acidemias. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuropathology of these disorders are far from understood. In the present study we investigated the in vitro effects of methylmalonic (MMA) and propionic (PA) acids at various concentrations (1 microM-5 mM) on three parameters of the glutamatergic system, namely the basal and potassium-induced release of L-[3H]glutamate by synaptosomes, Na+-dependent L-[3H]glutamate uptake by synaptosomes and Na+-independent L-[3H]glutamate uptake by synaptic vesicles from cerebral cortex of male adult Wistar rats. The results showed that MMA significantly increased potassium-induced but not basal L-[3H]glutamate release from synaptosomes with no alteration in synaptosomal L-[3H]glutamate uptake. A significant reduction of L-[3H]glutamate incorporation into vesicles caused by MMA was also detected. In contrast, PA had no effect on these parameters. These findings indicate that MMA alters the glutamatergic system. Although additional studies are necessary to evaluate the importance of these observations for the neuropathology of methylmalonic acidemia, it is possible that the effects elicited by MMA may lead to excessive glutamate concentrations at the synaptic cleft, a fact that may explain previous in vivo and in vitro findings associating MMA with excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Brusque
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Anexo CEP 90.035-003, RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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23
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Jones JG, Solomon MA, Sherry AD, Jeffrey FM, Malloy CR. 13C NMR measurements of human gluconeogenic fluxes after ingestion of [U-13C]propionate, phenylacetate, and acetaminophen. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1998; 275:E843-52. [PMID: 9815005 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1998.275.5.e843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Anaplerotic, pyruvate recycling, and gluconeogenic fluxes were measured by 13C isotopomer analysis of plasma glucose, urinary phenylacetylglutamine, and urinary glucuronide in normal, 24-h-fasted individuals after ingestion of [U-13C]propionate, phenylacetate, and acetaminophen. Plasma glucose isotopomer analysis reported a total anaplerotic flux of 5.92 +/- 1.03 (SD) relative to citrate synthase. This was not significantly different from glucuronide and phenylacetylglutamine analyses (6.08 +/- 1.16 and 7. 14 +/- 1.94, respectively). Estimates of pyruvate recycling from glucose and glucuronide isotopomer distributions were almost identical (3.55 +/- 0.99 and 3.66 +/- 1.11, respectively), whereas phenylacetylglutamine reported a significantly higher estimate (5.74 +/- 2.13). As a consequence, net gluconeogenic flux reported by phenylacetylglutamine (1.41 +/- 0.28) was significantly less than that reported by glucose (2.37 +/- 0.64) and glucuronide (2.42 +/- 0. 76). This difference in fluxes detected by analysis of phenylacetylglutamine vs. hexose is likely due to compartmentation of hepatic metabolism of propionate. Net gluconeogenic flux estimates made by use of this stable isotope method are in good agreement with recent measurements in humans with [14C]propionate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Jones
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX 75235, USA
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Haas RH, Marsden DL, Capistrano-Estrada S, Hamilton R, Grafe MR, Wong W, Nyhan WL. Acute basal ganglia infarction in propionic acidemia. J Child Neurol 1995; 10:18-22. [PMID: 7769171 DOI: 10.1177/088307389501000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
An 8-year-old girl with propionic acidemia had acute and rapidly fatal symmetric necrosis of the caudate, globus pallidus, and putamen. Clinical presentation was with acute aphasia, generalized hypotonia, and muscle weakness. There was no evidence of metabolic decompensation, and analysis of the organic acids of the urine indicated good metabolic control. Organic acids in the cerebrospinal fluid were unremarkable. These observations indicate that the pathophysiology of "metabolic stroke" is more complicated than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Haas
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego 92093-0935, USA
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25
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Wendel U, Eissler A, Sperl W, Schadewaldt P. On the differences between urinary metabolite excretion and odd-numbered fatty acid production in propionic and methylmalonic acidaemias. J Inherit Metab Dis 1995; 18:584-91. [PMID: 8598639 DOI: 10.1007/bf02436003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In five subjects with methylmalonic acidaemia (MMA) and five with propionic acidaemia (PA) both the level of odd-numbered fatty acids (OLCFA) in erythrocyte lipids and the excretion of propionate-derived metabolites in urine were longitudinally analysed. At a given intake of amino acid precursors of propionyl-CoA and otherwise stable metabolic conditions, subjects with MMA excreted considerably more propionate-derived metabolites, and accumulated less OLCFA in excretion erythrocyte lipids than subjects with PA. We suggest that renal metabolite excretion indicates the efflux of organic acids from cells and might be a measure of the individually determined intracellular relief from toxic acyl-CoA esters. It does not necessarily reflect the total amount of acyl-CoA intermediates produced in the body. OLCFA levels seem to reflect the continuous burden of propionyl-CoA toxicity within the cells and thereby might serve as a reliable tool for evaluating the quality of long-term metabolic control in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Wendel
- Kinderklinik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Germany
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Ozand PT, Rashed M, Gascon GG, Youssef NG, Harfi H, Rahbeeni Z, al Garawi S, al Aqeel A. Unusual presentations of propionic acidemia. Brain Dev 1994; 16 Suppl:46-57. [PMID: 7726381 DOI: 10.1016/0387-7604(94)90096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The files of 25 patients with propionic acidemia (PA), followed by the Inborn Errors of Metabolism Service (IEMS) at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH & RC) from 1990 to 1993, were studied retrospectively. In 14 patients PA presented acutely with acidosis, hyperammonemia and thrombocytopenia, while in 11 patients the presentation of the disease was unusual. In the latter group, two neonates with PA initially appeared as a primarily hyperammonemic metabolic disease. In two other neonates the vomiting was so severe that they were diagnosed as intestinal obstruction in referral hospitals. The presentation in three infants was primarily as an immune disorder. In four infants, PA appeared as an acute or chronic encephalopathy, i.e. as a silent organic acidemia, with few other findings of the disease. The clinical picture of PA includes facial and nipple dysmorphia, severe hypotonia and vomiting. Severe thrombocytopenia is the hallmark of the metabolic crisis. In one patient it was noticed late and caused intracranial hemorrhage, while in three others intracranial bleeding caused death. The prognosis in PA remained grave despite rigorous treatment. Only seven of the 25 PA patients remained to have a normal life-style, while eight patients expired. The diagnosis is readily achieved by urine gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), or by enzyme analysis of fibroblasts. While there may be both examiner- and patient-related reasons for the variations in the presentation of PA, one other reason may be the heterogeneity of the molecular defect in propionyl-CoA carboxylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- P T Ozand
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Matsuishi T, Stumpf DA, Chrislip K. The effect of malate on propionate mitochondrial toxicity. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE AND METABOLIC BIOLOGY 1991; 46:177-84. [PMID: 1782009 DOI: 10.1016/0885-4505(91)90065-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Propionic acidemia occasionally produces a toxic encephalopathy resembling Reye's syndrome, indicating disruption of mitochondrial metabolism. Liver mitochondria respiratory control ratios were reduced 46% by 5 mM propionate; inhibition correlated with matrix propionyl-CoA levels. L-Malate prevented the toxic effect of propionate and reduced the propionyl-CoA matrix concentration by 62%. The beneficial effect of L-malate is apparently due to stimulation of succinate efflux because the effect is blocked by benzylmalonate, an inhibitor of the dicarboxylate carrier. Matrix concentration of label from [1-14C]propionate was not affected by L-malate and/or benzylmalonate. L-Malate may be useful in the treatment of patients with propionic acidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Matsuishi
- Division of Neurology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611
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