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Romero-Silva A, Mora-Diez N, Alvarez-Idaboy JR. Theoretical Study of the Reactivity and Selectivity of Various Free Radicals with Cysteine Residues. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16519-16528. [PMID: 31458285 PMCID: PMC6643617 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Radicals in biochemical environments can lead to protein damage. Theoretical studies can help us to understand the observed radical selectivity. In this work, the kinetics and thermodynamics of the hydrogen-transfer (HT) and single-electron transfer (SET) reactions between a cysteine derivative and 17 free radicals of biological significance have been theoretically investigated in aqueous and lipid media. With the exception of the reaction with •OCCl3, all SET reactions in aqueous medium have rate constants in the diffusion-limited regime. The γ site of cysteine was found to be the most reactive for the HT reactions with all the radicals, with rate constants in the diffusion limit for •OH, •OCHCl2, and •OCCl3. The HT reactions from the α and γ positions have very similar ΔG° values and even though the β position is the least thermodynamically favored, when the HT from β is exergonic it is a more reactive site than α. The results obtained confirm that the Bell-Evans-Polanyi principle does not apply to the reactions between amino acid residues and free radicals and that reactivity comparisons demand proper kinetic calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Romero-Silva
- Facultad
de Química, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, México DF 4510, Mexico
| | - Nelaine Mora-Diez
- Department
of Chemistry, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia V2C 0C8, Canada
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2
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Jasiewicz B, Sierakowska A, Jankowski W, Hoffmann M, Piorońska W, Górnicka A, Bielawska A, Bielawski K, Mrówczyńska L. Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of new di- and polyamine caffeine analogues. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:724-736. [PMID: 29669446 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1467561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of new di- and polyamine-caffeine analogues were synthesised and characterised by NMR, FT-IR, and MS spectroscopic methods. To access the stability of the investigated caffeine analogues, molecular dynamic simulations were performed in NAMD 2.9 assuming CHARMM36 force field. To evaluate the antioxidant capacity of new compounds, three different antioxidant assays were used, namely 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH•) scavenging activity, ferrous ions (Fe2+) chelating activity, and Fe3+→Fe2+reducing ability. In vitro, the ability of new derivatives to protect human erythrocytes against oxidative haemolysis induced by free radical from 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) was estimated. The cytotoxic activity was tested using MCF-7 breast cancer cells and human erythrocytes. All compounds showed the antioxidant capacity depending mostly on their ferrous ions chelating activity. In the presence of AAPH, some derivatives were able to effectively inhibit the oxidative haemolysis. Two derivatives, namely 8-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)-amino)caffeine and 8-(methyl(3-(methylamino)propyl)amino)caffeine, showed cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells but not against human erythrocytes. Therefore, it is concluded that the selected di- and polyamine caffeine analogues, depending on their chemical structure, were able to minimise the oxidative stress and to inhibit the tumour cell growth. The confirmed antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of some caffeine derivatives make them attractive for potential applications in food or pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Jasiewicz
- a Faculty of Chemistry , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | | | | | - Marcin Hoffmann
- a Faculty of Chemistry , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Weronika Piorońska
- b Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Górnicka
- b Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Anna Bielawska
- c Department of Biotechnology , Medical University of Bialystok , Białystok , Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bielawski
- d Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs , Medical University of Bialystok , Białystok , Poland
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- b Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
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3
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Galano A, Reiter RJ. Melatonin and its metabolites vs oxidative stress: From individual actions to collective protection. J Pineal Res 2018; 65:e12514. [PMID: 29888508 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) represents a threat to the chemical integrity of biomolecules including lipids, proteins, and DNA. The associated molecular damage frequently results in serious health issues, which justifies our concern about this phenomenon. In addition to enzymatic defense mechanisms, there are compounds (usually referred to as antioxidants) that offer chemical protection against oxidative events. Among them, melatonin and its metabolites constitute a particularly efficient chemical family. They offer protection against OS as individual chemical entities through a wide variety of mechanisms including electron transfer, hydrogen transfer, radical adduct formation, and metal chelation, and by repairing biological targets. In fact, many of them including melatonin can be classified as multipurpose antioxidants. However, what seems to be unique to the melatonin's family is their collective effects. Because the members of this family are metabolically related, most of them are expected to be present in living organisms wherever melatonin is produced. Therefore, the protection exerted by melatonin against OS may be viewed as a result of the combined antioxidant effects of the parent molecule and its metabolites. Melatonin's family is rather exceptional in this regard, offering versatile and collective antioxidant protection against OS. It certainly seems that melatonin is one of the best nature's defenses against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, México City, México
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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4
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Bou Saada Y, Zakharova V, Chernyak B, Dib C, Carnac G, Dokudovskaya S, Vassetzky YS. Control of DNA integrity in skeletal muscle under physiological and pathological conditions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:3439-3449. [PMID: 28444416 PMCID: PMC11107590 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2530-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a highly oxygen-consuming tissue that ensures body support and movement, as well as nutrient and temperature regulation. DNA damage induced by reactive oxygen species is present in muscles and tends to accumulate with age. Here, we present a summary of data obtained on DNA damage and its implication in muscle homeostasis, myogenic differentiation and neuromuscular disorders. Controlled and transient DNA damage appears to be essential for muscular homeostasis and differentiation while uncontrolled and chronic DNA damage negatively affects muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Bou Saada
- UMR 8126, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Vlada Zakharova
- UMR 8126, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 117334, Russia
| | - Boris Chernyak
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 117334, Russia
| | - Carla Dib
- UMR 8126, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Gilles Carnac
- PhyMedExp, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Svetlana Dokudovskaya
- UMR 8126, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Yegor S Vassetzky
- UMR 8126, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France.
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 117334, Russia.
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, 117334, Russia.
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5
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Ardjani ATE, Mekelleche SM. Analysis of the antioxidant activity of 4-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenylamino)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid derivatives using quantum-chemistry descriptors and molecular docking. J Mol Model 2016; 22:302. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3160-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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6
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Özbakır Işın D. Theoretical study on the investigation of antioxidant properties of some hydroxyanthraquinones. Mol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2016.1248514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Özbakır Işın
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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7
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Mason SA, Morrison D, McConell GK, Wadley GD. Muscle redox signalling pathways in exercise. Role of antioxidants. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 98:29-45. [PMID: 26912034 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent research highlights the importance of redox signalling pathway activation by contraction-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in normal exercise-related cellular and molecular adaptations in skeletal muscle. In this review, we discuss some potentially important redox signalling pathways in skeletal muscle that are involved in acute and chronic responses to contraction and exercise. Specifically, we discuss redox signalling implicated in skeletal muscle contraction force, mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant enzyme induction, glucose uptake and muscle hypertrophy. Furthermore, we review evidence investigating the impact of major exogenous antioxidants on these acute and chronic responses to exercise. Redox signalling pathways involved in adaptive responses in skeletal muscle to exercise are not clearly elucidated at present, and further research is required to better define important signalling pathways involved. Evidence of beneficial or detrimental effects of specific antioxidant compounds on exercise adaptations in muscle is similarly limited, particularly in human subjects. Future research is required to not only investigate effects of specific antioxidant compounds on skeletal muscle exercise adaptations, but also to better establish mechanisms of action of specific antioxidants in vivo. Although we feel it remains somewhat premature to make clear recommendations in relation to application of specific antioxidant compounds in different exercise settings, a bulk of evidence suggests that N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is ergogenic through its effects on maintenance of muscle force production during sustained fatiguing events. Nevertheless, a current lack of evidence from studies using performance tests representative of athletic competition and a potential for adverse effects with high doses (>70mg/kg body mass) warrants caution in its use for performance enhancement. In addition, evidence implicates high dose vitamin C (1g/day) and E (≥260 IU/day) supplementation in impairments to some skeletal muscle cellular adaptations to chronic exercise training. Thus, determining the utility of antioxidant supplementation in athletes likely requires a consideration of training and competition periodization cycles of athletes in addition to type, dose and duration of antioxidant supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun A Mason
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition (C-PAN) Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dale Morrison
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition (C-PAN) Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glenn K McConell
- Clinical Exercise Science Research Program, Institute for Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glenn D Wadley
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition (C-PAN) Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
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8
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In silico studies reveal the mechanisms behind the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of hydroxytyrosol. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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9
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Espinoza C, Trigos Á, Medina ME. Theoretical Study on the Photosensitizer Mechanism of Phenalenone in Aqueous and Lipid Media. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:6103-10. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b03615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- César Espinoza
- Laboratorio
de Alta Tecnología de Xalapa, Universidad Veracruzana, Calle Medicos 5, Col. Unidad
del Bosque, 91010 Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Ángel Trigos
- Laboratorio
de Alta Tecnología de Xalapa, Universidad Veracruzana, Calle Medicos 5, Col. Unidad
del Bosque, 91010 Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Manuel E. Medina
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala
s/n, Col. Industrial las Animas, 91190 Xalapa, Veracruz, México
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10
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Bursać-Mitrović M, Milovanović DR, Mitić R, Jovanović D, Sovrlić M, Vasiljević P, Tomović J, Manojlović N. EFFECTS OF L-ASCORBIC ACID AND ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL ON BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF SWIMMING-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN SERUM OF GUINEA PIGS. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2016; 13:29-33. [PMID: 28852717 PMCID: PMC5566150 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v13i4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of L-ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol as well as combination of these vitamins with or without exposure to physical exercise on intensity of lipid peroxidation, activity of xanthine oxidase, activity of total antioxidative system, concentration of glutathione, and activity of catalase in the serum of guinea pigs. Materials and Methods: The experimental measurements of intensity of lipid peroxidation, activity of xanthine oxidase, activity of total antioxidative system, concentration of glutathione, and activity of catalase were done in the serum of guinea pigs. The animals were exposed to the test load to achieve exhaustion and the test was terminated when the animal for the third time to sink into the water. Results: The results of this study demonstrated that endurance exercise of guinea pigs induced oxidative stress response in terms of increased lipid peroxidation and activity of xanthine oxidase in the serum of experimental animals. Our study investigated the antioxidant activity of L-ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol also measuring three protective markers in the serum: total antioxidant activity, content of glutathione and activity of catalase. The results obtained show that the vitamins influence the concentrations of above mentioned biochemical parameters, which points out their protective effect of swimming-induced oxidative stress. Conclusion: Single or combined administration of L-ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol caused significant inhibition of these markers indicating the important antioxidant activity of the vitamins. Results lead to conclude that the combined treatments with vitamins with or without exposure to physical exercise showed the clear synergistic effect..
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dragan R Milovanović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Radoslav Mitić
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical faculty, University of Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Danijela Jovanović
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical Centre "Kragujevac", Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Sovrlić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Perica Vasiljević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Jovica Tomović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nedeljko Manojlović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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11
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An experimental evaluation of the anti-atherogenic potential of the plant, Piper betle, and its active constitutent, eugenol, in rats fed an atherogenic diet. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 80:276-288. [PMID: 27133067 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for systemic atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease. Lipoperoxidation-mediated oxidative damage is believed to contribute strongly to the progression of atherogenesis. In the current investigation, putative anti-atherogenic and antioxidative properties of an ethanolic extract of Piper betle and of its active constituent, eugenol, were sought in an experimental animal model of chronic hypercholesterolemia. Atherogenic diet-fed rats that received either Piper betle extract orally (500mg/kg b.wt) or eugenol orally (5mg/kg b.wt) for 15days (commencing 30days after the atherogenic diet had been started) exhibited the following variations in different parameters, when compared to atherogenic diet-fed rats that received only saline: (1) significantly lower mean levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol in both serum and hepatic tissue samples; (2) lower mean serum levels of aspartate amino-transferase, alanine amino-transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and lipid-metabolizing enzymes (lipoprotein lipase, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase; (3) significantly lower mean levels of enzymatic antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione, vitamin C and vitamin E) and significantly higher mean levels of malondialdehyde in haemolysate and hepatic tissue samples. Histopathological findings suggested a protective effect of the Piper betle extract and a more pronounced protective effect of eugenol on the hepatic and aortic tissues of atherogenic diet-fed (presumed atherosclerotic) rats. These results strongly suggest that the Piper betle extract and its active constituent, eugenol, exhibit anti-atherogenic effects which may be due to their anti-oxidative properties.
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12
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Rahman MS, Thomas P. Molecular characterization and hypoxia-induced upregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in Atlantic croaker: Reversal by antioxidant and estrogen treatments. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 185:91-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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13
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Abstract
Long periods of skeletal muscle inactivity (e.g. prolonged bed rest or limb immobilization) results in a loss of muscle protein and fibre atrophy. This disuse-induced muscle atrophy is due to both a decrease in protein synthesis and increased protein breakdown. Although numerous factors contribute to the regulation of the rates of protein breakdown and synthesis in skeletal muscle, it has been established that prolonged muscle inactivity results in increased radical production in the inactive muscle fibres. Further, this increase in radical production plays an important role in the regulation of redox-sensitive signalling pathways that regulate both protein synthesis and proteolysis in skeletal muscle. Indeed, it was suggested over 20 years ago that antioxidant supplementation has the potential to protect skeletal muscles against inactivity-induced fibre atrophy. Since this original proposal, experimental evidence has implied that a few compounds with antioxidant properties are capable of delaying inactivity-induced muscle atrophy. The objective of this review is to discuss the role that radicals play in the regulation of inactivity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and to provide an analysis of the recent literature indicating that specific antioxidants have the potential to defer disuse muscle atrophy.
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14
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Medina ME, Galano A, Alvarez-Idaboy JR. Site reactivity in the free radicals induced damage to leucine residues: a theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:4970-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05688d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of leucine with free radicals are kinetically controlled and are faster in hydrophilic than in hydrophobic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Medina
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México D. F. 04510
- Mexico
| | - A. Galano
- Departamento de Química
- División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa
- México D. F. 09340
- Mexico
| | - J. R. Alvarez-Idaboy
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México D. F. 04510
- Mexico
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15
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Pérez-González A, Galano A, Alvarez-Idaboy JR. Dihydroxybenzoic acids as free radical scavengers: mechanisms, kinetics, and trends in activity. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj00071d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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Medina ME, Galano A, Alvarez-Idaboy JR. Theoretical study on the peroxyl radicals scavenging activity of esculetin and its regeneration in aqueous solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:1197-207. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53889c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Medina ME, Iuga C, Álvarez-Idaboy JR. Antioxidant activity of fraxetin and its regeneration in aqueous media. A density functional theory study. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08394f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fraxetin is an excellent and versatile antioxidant in aqueous media. In addition it regenerates, scavenging two radical equivalents per cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Medina
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México, Mexico
| | - C. Iuga
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco
- 04960 México, Mexico
| | - J. R. Álvarez-Idaboy
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- México, Mexico
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18
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Synthesis and antioxidant activities of novel 5-chlorocurcumin, complemented by semiempirical calculations. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2013; 2013:354982. [PMID: 24170994 PMCID: PMC3793294 DOI: 10.1155/2013/354982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel curcumin derivative (1E,4Z,6E)-5-chloro-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,4,6-trien-3-one (5-chlorocurcumin) was prepared from natural curcumin. The newly synthesised compound was characterised by spectral studies (IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR). The free radical scavenging activity of 5-chlorocurcumin has been determined by measuring interaction with the stable free radical DPPH, and 5-chlorocurcumin has shown encouraging antioxidant activities. Theory calculations of the synthesised 5-chlorocurcumin were performed using molecular structures with optimised geometries. Molecular orbital calculations provided a detailed description of the orbitals, including spatial characteristics, nodal patterns, and the contributions of individual atoms.
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19
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Hernandez-Marin E, Galano A, Martínez A. Cis Carotenoids: Colorful Molecules and Free Radical Quenchers. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:4050-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jp401647n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hernandez-Marin
- Instituto de Investigaciones
en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Ext. s/n, Ciudad Universitaria,
P.O. Box 70-360, Coyoacán, 04510 México, D. F. México
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química,
División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa. A.P. 55-534,
09340, México DF, México
| | - Ana Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones
en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Ext. s/n, Ciudad Universitaria,
P.O. Box 70-360, Coyoacán, 04510 México, D. F. México
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20
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Pérez-González A, Galano A. On the hydroperoxyl radical scavenging activity of two Edaravone derivatives: mechanism and kinetics. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Pérez-González
- Departamento de Quimica, Division de Ciencias Basicas e Ingenieria; Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa; Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186, Col. Vicentina; CP 09340; Mexico; D.F.; Mexico
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Quimica, Division de Ciencias Basicas e Ingenieria; Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa; Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186, Col. Vicentina; CP 09340; Mexico; D.F.; Mexico
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21
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On the free radical scavenging mechanism of protocatechuic acid, regeneration of the catechol group in aqueous solution. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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22
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Galano A, León-Carmona JR, Alvarez-Idaboy JR. Influence of the Environment on the Protective Effects of Guaiacol Derivatives against Oxidative Stress: Mechanisms, Kinetics, and Relative Antioxidant Activity. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:7129-37. [DOI: 10.1021/jp302810w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col.
Vicentina, Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340,
México DF México
| | - Jorge Rafael León-Carmona
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col.
Vicentina, Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340,
México DF México
| | - Juan Raúl Alvarez-Idaboy
- Departamento de Física
y Química Teórica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, México
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23
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León-Carmona JR, Alvarez-Idaboy JR, Galano A. On the peroxyl scavenging activity of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives: mechanisms, kinetics, and importance of the acid-base equilibrium. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:12534-43. [PMID: 22511179 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40651a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The peroxyl radical scavenging activity of four hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (HCAD) has been studied in non-polar and aqueous solutions, using the density functional theory. The studied HCAD are: ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid), p-coumaric acid (trans-4-hydroxycinnamic acid), caffeic acid (3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid), and dihydrocaffeic acid (3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propionic acid). It was found that the polarity of the environment plays an important role in the relative efficiency of these compounds as peroxyl scavengers. It was also found that in aqueous solution the pH is a key factor for the overall reactivity of HCAD towards peroxyl radicals, for their relative antioxidant capacity, and for the relative importance of the different mechanisms of reaction. The H transfer from the phenolic OH has been identified as the main mechanism of reaction in non-polar media and in aqueous solution at acid pHs. On the other hand, the single electron transfer mechanism from the phenoxide anion is proposed to be the one contributing the most to the overall peroxyl scavenging activity of HCAD in aqueous solution at physiological pH (7.4). This process is also predicted to be a key factor in the reactivity of these compounds towards a large variety of free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Rafael León-Carmona
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col, Vicentina, Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340, México DF, México
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24
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A quantum chemical study on the free radical scavenging activity of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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25
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Galano A, Martínez A. Capsaicin, a Tasty Free Radical Scavenger: Mechanism of Action and Kinetics. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:1200-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp211172f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340, México D. F., México
| | - Ana Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S. N., Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, México D.F., México
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26
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Pérez-González A, Galano A. On the Outstanding Antioxidant Capacity of Edaravone Derivatives through Single Electron Transfer Reactions. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:1180-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp209930y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Pérez-González
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av San Rafael Atlixco No.186, Col.Vicentina C.P.09340, México D.F
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av San Rafael Atlixco No.186, Col.Vicentina C.P.09340, México D.F
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27
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León-Carmona JR, Galano A. Uric and 1-Methyluric Acids: Metabolic Wastes or Antiradical Protectors? J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:15430-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp209776x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Rafael León-Carmona
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Colonia Vicentina C.P. 09340, México D.F
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Colonia Vicentina C.P. 09340, México D.F
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28
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Agnihotri N, Mishra PC. Scavenging mechanism of curcumin toward the hydroxyl radical: a theoretical study of reactions producing ferulic acid and vanillin. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:14221-32. [PMID: 22035040 DOI: 10.1021/jp209318f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is known to be an antioxidant, as it can scavenge free radicals from biological media. A sequence of H-abstraction and addition reactions involving up to eight OH radicals and curcumin or its degradation products leading to the formation of two other antioxidants, namely, ferulic acid and vanillin, was studied. Single electron transfer from curcumin to an OH radical was also studied. All relevant extrema on the potential energy surfaces were located by optimizing geometries of the reactant and product complexes, as well as those of the transition states, at the BHandHLYP/6-31G(d,p) level of density functional theory in the gas phase. Single-point energy calculations were also performed in the gas phase at the BHandHLYP/aug-cc-pVDZ and B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ levels of theory. Solvent effects in aqueous media were treated by performing single-point energy calculations at all of the above-mentioned levels of theory employing the polarizable continuum model and the geometries optimized at the BHandHLYP/6-31G(d,p) level in the gas phase. A few reaction steps were also studied by geometry optimization in aqueous media, and the thus-obtained Gibbs free energy barriers were similar to those obtained by corresponding single-point energy calculations. Our calculations show that the hydrogen atom of the OH group attached to the phenol moiety of curcumin would be most efficiently abstracted by an OH radical, in agreement with experimental observations. Further, our study shows that OH addition would be most favored at the C10 site of the heptadiene chain. It was found that curcumin can serve as an effective antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Agnihotri
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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29
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Galano A, Alvarez-Idaboy JR, Francisco-Márquez M. Physicochemical Insights on the Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Sesamol: Importance of the Acid/Base Equilibrium. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:13101-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp208315k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340, México D. F. México
| | - Juan Raúl Alvarez-Idaboy
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340, México D. F. México
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Física y Química Teórica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, México
| | - Misaela Francisco-Márquez
- UPIICSA, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Té 950, Col. Granjas México, C. P. 08400, México D. F. México
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Abstract
Oxidative stress has been proven to be related to the onset of a large number of health disorders. This chemical stress is triggered by an excess of free radicals, which are generated in cells because of a wide variety of exogenous and endogenous processes. Therefore, finding strategies for efficiently detoxifying free radicals has become a subject of a great interest, from both an academic and practical points of view. Melatonin is a ubiquitous and versatile molecule that exhibits most of the desirable characteristics of a good antioxidant. The amount of data gathered so far regarding the protective action of melatonin against oxidative stress is overwhelming. However, rather little is known concerning the chemical mechanisms involved in this activity. This review summarizes the current progress in understanding the physicochemical insights related to the free radical-scavenging activity of melatonin. Thus far, there is a general agreement that electron transfer and hydrogen transfer are the main mechanisms involved in the reactions of melatonin with free radicals. However, the relative importance of other mechanisms is also analyzed. The chemical nature of the reacting free radical also has an influence on the relative importance of the different mechanisms of these reactions. Therefore, this point has also been discussed in detail in the current review. Based on the available data, it is concluded that melatonin efficiently protects against oxidative stress by a variety of mechanisms. Moreover, it is proposed that even though it has been referred to as the chemical expression of darkness, perhaps it could also be referred to as the chemical light of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa. Col. Vicentina. Iztapalapa. México D. F. México.
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Galano A, Francisco-Márquez M, Alvarez-Idaboy JR. Canolol: a promising chemical agent against oxidative stress. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:8590-6. [PMID: 21619069 DOI: 10.1021/jp2022105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The OOH radical scavenging activity of canolol (CNL) has been studied in aqueous and lipid solutions, using the density functional theory. CNL is predicted to react about 3.6 times faster in aqueous solution than in lipid media. The overall rate coefficients are predicted to be 2.5 × 10(6) and 6.8 × 10(5) M(-1) s(-1), respectively. The OOH radical scavenger activity of canolol is predicted to be similar to that of carotenes, higher than that of allicin, and much higher than that of melatonin. Branching ratios for the different channels of reaction are reported for the first time. It was found that the reactivity of canolol toward OOH radicals takes place almost exclusively by H atom transfer from the phenolic moiety in canolol, regardless of the polarity of the environment. Taking into account that the reactivity of peroxyl radicals is significantly lower than that of other reactive oxygen species, canolol is proposed to be a very good antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Col. Vicentina. Iztapalapa, México DF, México.
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32
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Galano A, Francisco-Márquez M, Alvarez-Idaboy JR. Mechanism and kinetics studies on the antioxidant activity of sinapinic acid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:11199-205. [PMID: 21566849 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20722a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The OOH radical scavenging activity of sinapinic acid (HSA) has been studied in aqueous and lipid solutions, using the Density Functional Theory. HSA is predicted to react about 32.6 times faster in aqueous solution than in lipid media. The overall rate coefficients are predicted to be 5.39 × 10(5) and 1.66 × 10(4) M(-1) s(-1), respectively. Branching ratios for the different channels of reaction are also reported for the first time, as well as the UV-Vis spectra of the main products of reaction. It was found that the reactivity of sinapinic acid towards OOH radicals takes place almost exclusively by H atom transfer from its phenolic moiety. However it was found to react via SET, at diffusion-limit controlled rate constants, with ˙OH, ˙OCCl(3) and ˙OOCCl(3) radicals. It was found that the polarity of the environment and the deprotonation of HSA in aqueous solution, both increase the reactivity of this compound towards peroxyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, México D F, Mexico.
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33
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Hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative stress in heart and its prevention by vitamin E. Int J Angiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01616227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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34
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Abstract
It is well established that contracting muscles produce both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Although the sources of oxidant production during exercise continue to be debated, growing evidence suggests that mitochondria are not the dominant source. Regardless of the sources of oxidants in contracting muscles, intense and prolonged exercise can result in oxidative damage to both proteins and lipids in the contracting myocytes. Further, oxidants regulate numerous cell signaling pathways and modulate the expression of many genes. This oxidant-mediated change in gene expression involves changes at transcriptional, mRNA stability, and signal transduction levels. Furthermore, numerous products associated with oxidant-modulated genes have been identified and include antioxidant enzymes, stress proteins, and mitochondrial electron transport proteins. Interestingly, low and physiological levels of reactive oxygen species are required for normal force production in skeletal muscle, but high levels of reactive oxygen species result in contractile dysfunction and fatigue. Ongoing research continues to explore the redox-sensitive targets in muscle that are responsible for both redox regulation of muscle adaptation and oxidant-mediated muscle fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott K Powers
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
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35
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Pérez-González A, Galano A. OH Radical Scavenging Activity of Edaravone: Mechanism and Kinetics. J Phys Chem B 2010; 115:1306-14. [DOI: 10.1021/jp110400t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Pérez-González
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Vicentina C.P.09340, México D.F
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Vicentina C.P.09340, México D.F
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36
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Galano A, Macías-Ruvalcaba NA, Medina Campos ON, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Mechanism of the OH radical scavenging activity of nordihydroguaiaretic acid: a combined theoretical and experimental study. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:6625-35. [PMID: 20415502 DOI: 10.1021/jp912001c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a plant phenolic lignan originally isolated from the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata). It has been shown that NDGA scavenges efficiently hydroxyl radicals ((*)OH). In the present paper the mechanism by which NDGA scavenges (*)OH is addressed performing a combined experimental and theoretical investigation. We found that NDGA protects, in a concentration-dependent way, bovine serum albumin and DNA from the damage induced by (*)OH generated by the Fenton reaction. In addition, the NDGA + (*)OH reaction is predicted to be diffusion-controlled. The first step of this reaction is proposed to occur mainly by a sequential electron proton transfer from NDGA to (*)OH generating a neutral radical of NDGA, which after a second oxidation step gives a diradical that after a cascade sequential complex reaction produces a cyclic compound. This cyclic product is predicted to have a UV-vis spectrum very similar to that of NDGA, making its identification by this technique very difficult. The electrochemical studies performed in water support the formation of a cyclic compound (C2) as the main product of the reaction. It is concluded that NDGA can scavenge at least two (*)OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340 City, México.
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37
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Theoretical study on the chemical fate of adducts formed through free radical addition reactions to carotenoids. Theor Chem Acc 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-010-0753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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38
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Abstract
The potential role of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as free-radical scavengers is still an emerging area of research. So far some promising results have been reported strongly suggesting that CNTs can be very efficient for that task. The implications of such a valuable property for applications aimed at biomedical and environmental uses are encouraging. There are still abundant open questions related to the possible use of CNTs for scavenging free radicals. Thus much more work needs to be devoted to this fascinating topic. In this mini review the progress made so far is reviewed and some future perspectives are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, C. P. 09340, México D F, México.
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39
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Huang G, Liu Y, Chang H, Zhang X, Ren D, Wilson JX, Cao X. Effects of genistein on oxidative injury in endothelial cells. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2009; 54:402-8. [PMID: 19001773 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.54.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that genistein protects vascular endothelial cells against the pro-atherosclerotic stressor, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), by inducing antioxidant enzymes and preventing apoptosis. Human umbilical cord-derived endothelial cells (ECV 304) were incubated with genistein (10-100 micromol/L), the radical scavenging antioxidant vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol, 50 micromol/L), or vehicle for 24 h and then were incubated with ox-LDL for an additional 24 h. Subsequently, antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation, adhesion to monocytes, cell morphology, viability and apoptotic index were assessed. Ox-LDL decreased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in endothelial cells and caused lipid peroxidation, adhesion to monocytes, morphological injury and apoptosis (p<0.05). These effects were prevented by vitamin E and dose-dependently by genistein (p<0.05). Further, this effect of genistein is associated with maintenance of antioxidant enzyme activities and inhibition of lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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40
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Francisco-Marquez M, Galano A. Role of the Sulfur Atom on the Reactivity of Methionine toward OH Radicals: Comparison with Norleucine. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:4947-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jp900118f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Misaela Francisco-Marquez
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana—Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, C. P. 09340 Iztapalapa, México D. F., Mexico, and Laboratorio de Química Computacional, FES-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 09230 Iztapalapa, México, D. F., Mexico
| | - Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana—Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, C. P. 09340 Iztapalapa, México D. F., Mexico, and Laboratorio de Química Computacional, FES-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), C. P. 09230 Iztapalapa, México, D. F., Mexico
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41
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Powers SK, Jackson MJ. Exercise-induced oxidative stress: cellular mechanisms and impact on muscle force production. Physiol Rev 2008; 88:1243-76. [PMID: 18923182 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00031.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1456] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The first suggestion that physical exercise results in free radical-mediated damage to tissues appeared in 1978, and the past three decades have resulted in a large growth of knowledge regarding exercise and oxidative stress. Although the sources of oxidant production during exercise continue to be debated, it is now well established that both resting and contracting skeletal muscles produce reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. Importantly, intense and prolonged exercise can result in oxidative damage to both proteins and lipids in the contracting myocytes. Furthermore, oxidants can modulate a number of cell signaling pathways and regulate the expression of multiple genes in eukaryotic cells. This oxidant-mediated change in gene expression involves changes at transcriptional, mRNA stability, and signal transduction levels. Furthermore, numerous products associated with oxidant-modulated genes have been identified and include antioxidant enzymes, stress proteins, DNA repair proteins, and mitochondrial electron transport proteins. Interestingly, low and physiological levels of reactive oxygen species are required for normal force production in skeletal muscle, but high levels of reactive oxygen species promote contractile dysfunction resulting in muscle weakness and fatigue. Ongoing research continues to probe the mechanisms by which oxidants influence skeletal muscle contractile properties and to explore interventions capable of protecting muscle from oxidant-mediated dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott K Powers
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
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42
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Leenhardt F, Fardet A, Lyan B, Gueux E, Rock E, Mazur A, Chanliaud E, Demigné C, Rémésy C. Wheat Germ Supplementation of a Low Vitamin E Diet in Rats Affords Effective Antioxidant Protection in Tissues. J Am Coll Nutr 2008; 27:222-8. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2008.10719694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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43
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Galano A, Cruz-Torres A. OH radical reactions with phenylalanine in free and peptide forms. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:732-8. [PMID: 18264574 DOI: 10.1039/b716024k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory has been used to model the reaction of OH with l-phenylalanine, as a free molecule and in the Gly-Phe-Gly peptide. The influence of the environment has been investigated using water and benzene as models for polar and non-polar surroundings, in addition to gas phase calculations. Different paths of reaction have been considered, involving H abstractions and addition reactions, with global contributions to the overall reaction around 10% and 90% respectively when Phe is in its free form. The ortho-adducts (o-tyrosine) were found to be the major products of the Phe+OH reaction, for all the modeled environments and especially in water solutions. The reactivity of phenylalanine towards OH radical attacks is predicted to be higher in its peptidic form, compared to the free molecule. The peptidic environment also changes the sites' reactivity, and for the Gly-Phe-Gly+OH reaction H abstraction becomes the major path of reaction. The good agreement found between the calculated and the available experimental data supports the methodology used in this work, as well as the data reported here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annia Galano
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina. Iztapalapa. C. P., 09340, México, D. F., México.
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Cruz-Torres A, Galano A, Alvarez-Idaboy JR. Kinetics and mechanism of the β-alanine + OH gas phase reaction: A quantum mechanical approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:285-92. [PMID: 16482271 DOI: 10.1039/b507101a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The OH hydrogen abstraction reaction from beta-alanine has been studied using the BHandHLYP hybrid HF-density functional and 6-311G(d,p) basis sets. The energies have been improved by single point calculations at the CCSD(T)/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. The structures of the different stationary points are discussed. Reaction profiles are modeled including the formation of pre-reactive and product complexes. Negative net activation energy is obtained for the overall reaction. A complex mechanism is proposed, and the rate coefficients are calculated using transition state theory over the temperature range of 250-400 K. The rate coefficients are proposed for the first time and it was found that in the gas phase the hydrogen abstraction occurs mainly from the CH(2) group next to the amino end. The following expressions, in cm(3) mol(-1) s(-1), are obtained for the overall rate constants, at 250-400 and 290-310 K, respectively: k(250-400)= 2.36 x 10(-12) exp(340/T), and k(290-310)= 1.296 x 10(-12) exp(743/T). The three parameter expression that best describes the studied reaction is k(250-400)= 1.01 x 10(-21)T(3.09) exp(1374/T). The beta-alanine + OH reaction was found to be 1.5 times faster than the alpha-alanine + OH reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Cruz-Torres
- Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152, 007730 México D. F., México
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Marniemi J, Alanen E, Impivaara O, Seppänen R, Hakala P, Rajala T, Rönnemaa T. Dietary and serum vitamins and minerals as predictors of myocardial infarction and stroke in elderly subjects. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2005; 15:188-197. [PMID: 15955467 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2005.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2004] [Revised: 11/16/2004] [Accepted: 01/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM According to a widespread hypothesis, antioxidative vitamins and trace elements may protect the body against atherosclerotic diseases, especially in the elderly. We assessed dietary and serum vitamins and minerals for prediction of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke in elderly subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS In a population-based health survey with special emphasis on the diet, subjects aged 65-99 years were followed up for up to 10 years. The study population consisted of 361 men and 394 women. Information on individual food consumption was elicited by means of dietary history interviews. Serum vitamins and mineral elements were analysed utilizing commonly applied biochemical methods. Prediction analyses were based on 130 cases accumulated in the AMI group, 70 subjects in the stroke group, and corresponding control subjects. The cases were determined on the basis of revised information from the National Register of Cases of Death, and from the National Hospital Discharge Register. Low intake of vitamin D (p = 0.011) and low serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D (p = 0.0053) were significantly predictive of stroke when adjusted for age, gender, smoking and functional capacity. On the other hand, high dietary intakes of two flavonoids, luteolin (p = 0.0096) and kaempferol (p = 0.002) were associated with lowered risk of AMI. Furthermore, low serum levels of iron predicted both AMI (p = 0.013) and stroke (p = 0.019). The results remained essentially unchanged when adjusted for additional major risk factors of atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS From the items in the dietary interview, low intakes of vitamin D and certain flavonoids emerged as the sole predictors of AMI and stroke. In biochemical analyses, on the other hand, these disorders were predicted only by low levels of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D and iron in the serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Marniemi
- National Public Health Institute, Department of Health and Functional Capacity, Peltolantie 3, FIN-20720 Turku, Finland.
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Rate coefficients and mechanism of the gas phase OH hydrogen abstraction reaction from serine: a quantum mechanical approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(03)00140-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Uemura M, Manabe H, Yoshida N, Fujita N, Ochiai J, Matsumoto N, Takagi T, Naito Y, Yoshikawa T. Alpha-tocopherol prevents apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells via a mechanism exceeding that of mere antioxidation. Eur J Pharmacol 2002; 456:29-37. [PMID: 12450566 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(02)02639-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-tocopherol has been reported to exert an anti-atherogenesis effect. We attempted to clarify the effect of alpha-tocopherol-both as an antioxidant and as a nonantioxidant--on apoptosis induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or oxysterols. Oxidized LDL and oxysterols induced necrosis and/or apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells. The induction of apoptosis was associated with increased caspase-3 activity and the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, both the effects of which were attenuated by alpha-tocopherol. Apoptosis was also decreased by beta-tocopherol or intracellular radical scavengers, but these suppressive effects were less than those of alpha-tocopherol. Neither beta-tocopherol nor the scavengers had pronounced effect on caspase-3 activity, but each of them decreased the generation of reactive oxygen species to the same extent as alpha-tocopherol. Our study suggests that alpha-Toc protects against apoptosis not only by scavenging reactive oxygen species, but also by inhibiting caspase activity, which means that its activity may exceed that of a mere antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Uemura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo, Japan.
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Auger C, Caporiccio B, Landrault N, Teissedre PL, Laurent C, Cros G, Besançon P, Rouanet JM. Red wine phenolic compounds reduce plasma lipids and apolipoprotein B and prevent early aortic atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). J Nutr 2002; 132:1207-13. [PMID: 12042435 DOI: 10.1093/jn/132.6.1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of a red wine phenolic extract (PE) on plasma lipoproteins and early atherosclerosis were studied in hamsters. Hamsters (n = 32) were divided into 4 groups of 8 and fed an atherogenic diet for 8 wk. They received by force- feeding 7.14 mL/(kg. d) PE in 2.6 mol/L ethanol (E + PE) or PE in water (W + PE), mimicking a moderate consumption of red wine or alcohol-free red wine [30.4 mg/(kg. d)], or 2.6 mol/L ethanol (E-PE) or water (W-PE) as their respective controls. Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were lower in groups that consumed PE. The decrease in plasma apolipoprotein (Apo) B concentration was due mainly to PE and was significantly lower in Group E + PE than in Group E-PE (-7.5%) and in Group W + PE than in Group W-PE (-40%). Apo-A1 was not affected. PE significantly increased plasma antioxidant capacity by 9% in Group E + PE and 18% in Group W + PE compared with their respective controls. Liver glutathione peroxidase activity was 67% greater in the group receiving PE in water compared with the group given water; there was no effect when PE was given in ethanol relative to its control. Aortic fatty streak area (AFSA) was significantly reduced in the groups receiving PE in ethanol (-32%) or PE in water (-29%) in comparison with their respective controls. Ethanol significantly reduced AFSA by 60% (Group E-PE vs. Group W-PE) or 62% (Group E + PE vs. Group W + PE). These data suggest that ethanol is a complementary component of phenolics in the benefits of red wine for hamsters and that chronic ingestion of PE in ethanol prevents the development of atherosclerosis through several mechanisms. With moderate consumption of red wine, ethanol can improve the effects of phenolic compounds. However, alcohol-free red wine appears to be a very good alternative to red wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Auger
- Unité Nutrition, Laboratoire Génie Biologique et Sciences des Aliments, Université Montpellier II, 34095 Montpellier, France
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Sünder A, Flachowsky G. Influence of high vitamin E dosages on retinol and carotinoid concentration in body tissues and eggs of laying hens. ARCHIV FUR TIERERNAHRUNG 2002; 55:43-52. [PMID: 11901979 DOI: 10.1080/17450390109386181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to contribute to the discussion of overdosing vitamin E in laying hens. A total of 45 laying hens, divided into 5 groups were fed diets supplemented with either 0; 100; 1000; 10,000 or 20,000 mg dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg diet over a period of 10 weeks. Concentrations of vitamins A and E were measured in plasma, various tissues and egg yolk. Furthermore egg yolk colour and some carotinoids were measured in egg yolks. None of the vitamin E doses significantly influenced performance of the hens. As expected, vitamin E concentration in plasma, all tissue samples and egg yolk was significantly increased with increasing tocopherol content in the diet. The egg yolk showed the highest vitamin E concentration, followed by liver and muscles. Feeding 1000 mg alpha-tocopheryl acetate per kg diet resulted in an increase of vitamin A concentration in the liver. Very high doses (10,000 and 20,000 mg/kg diet) significantly decreased retinol concentration in the liver and egg yolk, as well as carotinoid concentration in the egg yolk. The lower carotinoid concentration in egg yolk resulted in a decreased intensity of egg yolk colour. A prooxidative and/or competitive effect of very high doses of vitamin E with other fat soluble substances has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sünder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition of the Federal Agricultural Research Centre, Braunschweig (FAL), Germany
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Hennig B, Hammock BD, Slim R, Toborek M, Saraswathi V, Robertson LW. PCB-induced oxidative stress in endothelial cells: modulation by nutrients. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2002; 205:95-102. [PMID: 12018021 DOI: 10.1078/1438-4639-00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing body of evidence suggesting that exposure to Superfund chemicals may have adverse consequences on many organ systems, as well as carcinogenic and atherogenic effects. This is particularly true for polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The vascular endothelium, which is constantly exposed to blood components including environmental contaminants, is extremely vulnerable to chemical insult as well as necrotic and apoptotic injury. Our recent studies suggest that certain PCBs, especially coplanar PCBs, can compromise normal functions of vascular endothelial cells by activating oxidative stress-sensitive signaling pathways and subsequent proinflammatory events critical in the pathology of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Our findings suggest that an increase in the level of cellular oxidative stress is a significant event in PCB-mediated endothelial cell dysfunction and that nutrients can modulate PCB-induced oxidative stress and endothelial toxicity. We have demonstrated that the dietary fat linoleic acid, the parent unsaturated fatty acid of the omega-6 family, can increase endothelial dysfunction induced by selected PCBs, probably by contributing to oxidative stress and as the result of the production of toxic metabolites called leukotoxins. The subsequent imbalance in the overall cellular oxidant/antioxidant status can activate oxidative stress- or redoxsensitive transcription factors, which in turn promote gene expression for inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, intensifying the inflammatory response and endothelial cell dysfunction. Our data also suggest that antioxidant nutrients such as vitamin E can protect against endothelial cell damage mediated by PCBs or polyunsaturated dietary fats by interfering with oxidative stress-sensitive and proinflammatory signaling pathways. The concept that nutrition can modify or ameliorate the toxicity of Superfund chemicals is provocative and warrants further study as the implications for human health are significant. The information from such studies could be used to develop dietary recommendations and nutritional interventions for populations at high risk for exposure to PCBs, including communities living near Superfund sites and those exposed via occupation or diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Hennig
- Cell Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.
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