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Li Y, Dong J, Qin JJ. Small molecule inhibitors targeting heat shock protein 90: An updated review. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116562. [PMID: 38865742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
As a molecular chaperone, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) plays important roles in the folding, stabilization, activation, and degradation of over 500 client proteins, and is extensively involved in cell signaling, proliferation, and survival. Thus, it has emerged as an important target in a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections. Therefore, targeted inhibition of HSP90 provides a valuable and promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HSP90-related diseases. This review aims to systematically summarize the progress of research on HSP90 inhibitors in the last five years, focusing on their structural features, design strategies, and biological activities. It will refer to the natural products and their derivatives (including novobiocin derivatives, deguelin derivatives, quinone derivatives, and terpenoid derivatives), and to synthetic small molecules (including resorcinol derivatives, pyrazoles derivatives, triazole derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, benzamide derivatives, benzothiazole derivatives, and benzofuran derivatives). In addition, the major HSP90 small-molecule inhibitors that have moved into clinical trials to date are also presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Li
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jinyun Dong
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
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2
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Lee MS, Park SM, Kim YJ. Photothermal treatment-based heat stress regulates function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18847. [PMID: 39143087 PMCID: PMC11324874 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Photothermal therapy is an alternative cancer therapy that uses a photothermal agent with light irradiation to induce fatal hyperthermia in cancer cells. In a previous study, we found that ex vivo photothermal (PT) treatment induced expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), such as HSP70, HSP27, and HSP90, in cancer cells; moreover, immunization with lysates from PT-treated tumor cells resulted in significant tumor growth inhibition in tumor-bearing mice. In this study, we hypothesized that sublethal PT treatment of antigen-presenting cells regulates their immunogenicity. We observed the upregulation of expression of intracellular HSP70 and surface activation markers, such as CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC class II, in sublethal PT-treated cells. The protumoral activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) was reduced by sublethal hyperthermia. Furthermore, poorly immunogenic MDSCs were converted into immunogenic antigen-presenting cells by PT treatment. The differences in immunogenicity between MDSCs untreated or treated with the PT technique were evaluated using the Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney rank sum test. Collectively, direct hyperthermic treatment resulted in phenotypic changes and the functional regulation of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seob Lee
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Inje University, 197, Inje-Ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Mi Park
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Inje University, 197, Inje-Ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Jeong Kim
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Inje University, 197, Inje-Ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea.
- Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.
- Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Savvidou S, Panteli N, Dotas V, Symeon G, Galamatis D, Panitsidis I, Voutsinou E, Tatidou C, Kumar P, Antonopoulou E, Michailidis G, Giannenas I. Dietary Supplementation with Pomegranate and Onion Affects Lipid and Protein Oxidation in the Breast Meat, Thigh, and Liver, Cellular Stress Protein Responses, and Gene Expression of Liver Enzymes Involved in Protein Synthesis in Broilers. Foods 2023; 12:3870. [PMID: 37893762 PMCID: PMC10606836 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of dietary supplementation with extracts of pomegranate (Punica granatum) and onion (Allium cepa), either encapsulated in cyclodextrin (POMALCD group) or in an aqueous (POMALAQ group) form, on breast meat, thigh meat, and liver composition, oxidative stability, cellular signaling pathways, and the gene expression of certain hepatic genes. The results showed that breast and thigh meat contained significantly (p < 0.05) higher moisture content in the group with the aqueous extract, compared to the control and POMALCD groups. Moreover, the protein content was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the thigh and liver samples of the treated groups in comparison to the control. The iron-induced challenge deteriorated (p < 0.001) the lipid and protein oxidative status of the control group, whereas both supplemented groups showed considerable tolerance in all tissues. The supplementation of pomegranate and onion extracts mitigated or maintained heat shock protein (HSP) levels and elevated (p < 0.05) the Bcl-2/Bad ratio in thigh and breast meat, whereas mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation was modulated at a lower rate. After normalization to β-actin expression, quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed a significant (p < 0.05) induction in the expression of MTR and MSRB1 genes in the liver of the supplemented groups. No differences were observed for the TAT, SMS, and BHMT genes. In conclusion, dietary mixtures of herbal extracts with pomegranate and onion improved protein and lipid oxidative stability in meat, enhanced the hepatic energy status, and exerted ameliorative effects on stress-related proteins. The encapsulated extract of pomegranate and onion, using cyclodextrin as a carrier, appeared to reduce lipid oxidation to a greater extent than the aqueous extract. In contrast, the aqueous extract exhibited higher total antioxidant capacity (TAC) values and provided better protection against protein carbonyl formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumela Savvidou
- Research Institute of Animal Science, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 58100 Giannitsa, Greece; (S.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Nikolas Panteli
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.P.); (E.V.); (C.T.); (E.A.)
| | - Vassilios Dotas
- Laboratory of Nutrition Physiology & Applied Farm Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Symeon
- Research Institute of Animal Science, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 58100 Giannitsa, Greece; (S.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Dimitrios Galamatis
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Panitsidis
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.P.); (I.G.)
| | - Eirini Voutsinou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.P.); (E.V.); (C.T.); (E.A.)
| | - Christina Tatidou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.P.); (E.V.); (C.T.); (E.A.)
| | - Prafulla Kumar
- Department of Technical Sales and Research, R&D LifeSciences, 8801 Enterprise Blvd, Largo, FL 33773, USA;
| | - Efthimia Antonopoulou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.P.); (E.V.); (C.T.); (E.A.)
| | - Georgios Michailidis
- Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.P.); (I.G.)
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Munezero D, Aliff H, Salido E, Saravanan T, Sanzhaeva U, Guan T, Ramamurthy V. HSP90α is needed for the survival of rod photoreceptors and regulates the expression of rod PDE6 subunits. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104809. [PMID: 37172722 PMCID: PMC10250166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is an abundant molecular chaperone that regulates the stability of a small set of proteins essential in various cellular pathways. Cytosolic HSP90 has two closely related paralogs: HSP90α and HSP90β. Due to the structural and sequence similarities of cytosolic HSP90 paralogs, identifying the unique functions and substrates in the cell remains challenging. In this article, we assessed the role of HSP90α in the retina using a novel HSP90α murine knockout model. Our findings show that HSP90α is essential for rod photoreceptor function but was dispensable in cone photoreceptors. In the absence of HSP90α, photoreceptors developed normally. We observed rod dysfunction in HSP90α knockout at 2 months with the accumulation of vacuolar structures, apoptotic nuclei, and abnormalities in the outer segments. The decline in rod function was accompanied by progressive degeneration of rod photoreceptors that was complete at 6 months. The deterioration in cone function and health was a "bystander effect" that followed the degeneration of rods. Tandem mass tag proteomics showed that HSP90α regulates the expression levels of <1% of the retinal proteome. More importantly, HSP90α was vital in maintaining rod PDE6 and AIPL1 cochaperone levels in rod photoreceptor cells. Interestingly, cone PDE6 levels were unaffected. The robust expression of HSP90β paralog in cones likely compensates for the loss of HSP90α. Overall, our study demonstrated the critical need for HSP90α chaperone in the maintenance of rod photoreceptors and showed potential substrates regulated by HSP90α in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella Munezero
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Hunter Aliff
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Ezequiel Salido
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Thamaraiselvi Saravanan
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Urikhan Sanzhaeva
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Tongju Guan
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Visvanathan Ramamurthy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
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5
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Hsp70/Hsp90 Organising Protein (Hop): Coordinating Much More than Chaperones. Subcell Biochem 2023; 101:81-125. [PMID: 36520304 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14740-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Hsp70/Hsp90 organising protein (Hop, also known as stress-inducible protein 1/STI1/STIP1) has received considerable attention for diverse cellular functions in both healthy and diseased states. There is extensive evidence that intracellular Hop is a co-chaperone of the major chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp90, playing an important role in the productive folding of Hsp90 client proteins, although recent evidence suggests that eukaryotic Hop is regulatory within chaperone complexes rather than essential. Consequently, Hop is implicated in many key signalling pathways, including aberrant pathways leading to cancer. Hop is also secreted, and it is now well established that Hop interacts with the prion protein, PrPC, to mediate multiple signalling events. The intracellular and extracellular forms of Hop most likely represent two different isoforms, although the molecular determinants of these divergent functions are yet to be identified. There is also a growing body of research that reports the involvement of Hop in cellular activities that appear independent of either chaperones or PrPC. While the various cellular functions of Hop have been described, its biological function remains elusive. However, recent knockout studies in mammals suggest that Hop has an important role in embryonic development. This review provides a critical overview of the latest molecular, cellular and biological research on Hop, critically evaluating its function in healthy systems and how this function is adapted in diseased states.
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6
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Kang S, Kang BH. Structure, Function, and Inhibitors of the Mitochondrial Chaperone TRAP1. J Med Chem 2022; 65:16155-16172. [PMID: 36507721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) is a mitochondrial molecular chaperone modulating cellular metabolism and signaling pathways by altering the conformation, activity, and stability of numerous substrate proteins called clients. It exerts its chaperone function as an adaptive response to counter cellular stresses instead of maintaining housekeeping protein homeostasis. However, the stress-adaptive machinery becomes dysregulated to support the progression and maintenance of human diseases, such as cancers; therefore, TRAP1 has been proposed as a promising target protein for anticancer drug development. In this review, by collating recent reports on high-resolution TRAP1 structures and structure-activity relationships of inhibitors, we aimed to provide better insights into the chaperoning mechanism of the emerging drug target and to suggest an efficient strategy for the development of potent TRAP1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soosung Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Heon Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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7
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Wang X, Li X, Xiong D, Ren H, Chen H, Ju Z. Exposure of adult sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius to stranded heavy fuel oil causes developmental toxicity on larval offspring. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13298. [PMID: 35462773 PMCID: PMC9029359 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy fuel oil (HFO) spills pose serious threat to coastlines and sensitive resources. Stranded HFO that occurs along the coastline could cause long-term and massive damage to the marine environment and indirectly affect the survival of parental marine invertebrates. However, our understanding of the complex associations within invertebrates is primarily limited, particularly in terms of the toxicity effects on the offspring when parents are exposed to stranded HFO. Here, we investigated the persistent effects on the early development stage of the offspring following stranded HFO exposure on the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius. After 21 d exposure, sea urchins exhibited a significant decrease in the reproductive capacity; while the reactive oxygen species level, 3-nitrotyrosine protein level, protein carbonyl level, and heat shock proteins 70 expression in the gonadal tissues and gametes significantly increased as compared to the controls, indicating that HFO exposure could cause development toxicity on offspring in most traits of larval size. These results suggested that the stranded HFO exposure could increase oxidative stress of gonadal tissues, impair reproductive functions in parental sea urchins, and subsequently impact on development of their offspring. This study provides valuable information regarding the persistent toxicity effects on the offspring following stranded HFO exposure on sea urchins.
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8
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Wiegand C, Hipler UC, Elsner P, Tittelbach J. Keratinocyte and Fibroblast Wound Healing In Vitro Is Repressed by Non-Optimal Conditions but the Reparative Potential Can Be Improved by Water-Filtered Infrared A. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121802. [PMID: 34944618 PMCID: PMC8698951 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a general goal to improve wound healing, especially of chronic wounds. As light therapy has gained increasing attention, the positive influence on healing progression of water-filtered infrared A (wIRA), a special form of thermal radiation, has been investigated and compared to the detrimental effects of UV-B irradiation on wound closure in vitro. Models of keratinocyte and fibroblast scratches help to elucidate effects on epithelial and dermal healing. This study further used the simulation of non-optimal settings such as S. aureus infection, chronic inflammation, and anti-inflammatory conditions to determine how these affect scratch wound progression and whether wIRA treatment can improve healing. Gene expression analysis for cytokines (IL1A, IL6, CXCL8), growth (TGFB1, PDGFC) and transcription factors (NFKB1, TP53), heat shock proteins (HSP90AA1, HSPA1A, HSPD1), keratinocyte desmogleins (DSG1, DSG3), and fibroblast collagen (COL1A1, COL3A1) was performed. Keratinocyte and fibroblast wound healing under non-optimal conditions was found to be distinctly reduced in vitro. wIRA treatment could counteract the inflammatory response in infected keratinocytes as well as under chronic inflammatory conditions by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression and improve wound healing. In contrast, in the anti-inflammatory setting, wIRA radiation could re-initiate the acute inflammatory response necessary after injury to stimulate the regenerative processes and advance scratch closure.
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9
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Zhang Y, Min H, Shi C, Xia G, Lai Z. Transcriptome analysis of the role of autophagy in plant response to heat stress. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247783. [PMID: 33635879 PMCID: PMC7909648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays a critical role in plant heat tolerance in part by targeting heat-induced nonnative proteins for degradation. Autophagy also regulates metabolism, signaling and other processes and it is less understood how the broad function of autophagy affects plant heat stress responses. To address this issue, we performed transcriptome profiling of Arabidopsis wild-type and autophagy-deficient atg5 mutant in response to heat stress. A large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between wild-type and atg5 mutant even under normal conditions. These DEGs are involved not only in metabolism, hormone signaling, stress responses but also in regulation of nucleotide processing and DNA repair. Intriguingly, we found that heat treatment resulted in more robust changes in gene expression in wild-type than in the atg5 mutant plants. The dampening effect of autophagy deficiency on heat-regulated gene expression was associated with already altered expression of many heat-regulated DEGs prior to heat stress in the atg5 mutant. Altered expression of a large number of genes involved in metabolism and signaling in the autophagy mutant prior to heat stress may affect plant response to heat stress. Furthermore, autophagy played a positive role in the expression of defense- and stress-related genes during the early stage of heat stress responses but had little effect on heat-induced expression of heat shock genes. Taken together, these results indicate that the broad role of autophagy in metabolism, cellular homeostasis and other processes can also potentially affect plant heat stress responses and heat tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Landscape and Horticulture, Ecology College, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Haoxuan Min
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengchen Shi
- Department of Landscape and Horticulture, Ecology College, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gengshou Xia
- Department of Landscape and Horticulture, Ecology College, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhibing Lai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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10
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Lampronti I, Simoni D, Rondanin R, Baruchello R, Scapoli C, Finotti A, Borgatti M, Tupini C, Gambari R. Pro-apoptotic activity of novel synthetic isoxazole derivatives exhibiting inhibitory activity against tumor cell growth in vitro. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:151. [PMID: 32934719 PMCID: PMC7471682 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to develop potential anticancer agents stimulating apoptosis, novel 3,4-isoxazolediamide and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-isoxazolo-[4,5-c]-pyridine derivatives have been synthetized. The original structures of geldanamycin and radicicol, which are known natural heat shock protein (HSP) inhibitors, were deeply modified because both of them exhibit several drawbacks, such as poor solubility, hepatotoxicity, intrinsic chemical instability or deprivation of the in vivo activity. This novel class of synthetic compounds containing the isoxazole nucleus exhibited potent and selective inhibition of HSP90 in previous studies. Biological assays (focusing on in vitro antiproliferative effects and pro-apoptotic activity) in human erythroleukemic K562 cells (as a model system referring to tumor cells grown in suspension), glioblastoma U251-MG and glioblastoma temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant T98G cell lines (two model systems referring to tumor cells grown attached to the flask), were performed. Almost all isoxazole derivatives demonstrated significant antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activities, showing induction of both early and late apoptosis of K562 cells. Different effects were observed on the glioma U251-MG and T98G cells, depending on the structure of the analogues. Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activities in K562 cells were associated with the activation of the erythroid differentiation program. The present study demonstrated that 3,4-isoxazolediamide and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-isoxazolo-[4,5-c]-pyridine derivatives should be considered for in vivo studies focusing on the development of anticancer drugs acting, at least partially, via activation of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Lampronti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daniele Simoni
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ferrara University, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rondanin
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ferrara University, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Baruchello
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ferrara University, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Scapoli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessia Finotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Monica Borgatti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.,Center of Biotechnology, Ferrara University, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Tupini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
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11
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Lyon MS, Milligan C. Extracellular heat shock proteins in neurodegenerative diseases: New perspectives. Neurosci Lett 2019; 711:134462. [PMID: 31476356 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
One pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases and CNS trauma is accumulation of insoluble, hydrophobic molecules and protein aggregations found both within and outside cells. These may be the consequences of an inadequate or overburdened cellular response to stresses resulting from potentially toxic changes in extra- and intracellular environments. The upregulated expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) is one example of a highly conserved cellular response to both internal and external stress. Intracellularly these proteins act as chaperones, playing vital roles in the folding of nascent polypeptides, the translocation of proteins between subcellular locations, and the disaggregation of misfolded or aggregated proteins in an attempt to maintain cellular proteostasis during both homeostatic and stressful conditions. While the predominant study of the HSPs has focused on their intracellular chaperone functions, it remains unclear if all neuronal populations can mount a complete stress response. Alternately, it is now well established that some members of this family of proteins can be secreted by nearby, non-neuronal cells to act in the extracellular environment. This review addresses the current literature detailing the use of exogenous and extracellular HSPs in the treatment of cellular and animal models of neurodegenerative disease. These findings offer a new measure of therapeutic potential to the HSPs, but obstacles must be overcome before they can be efficiently used in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles S Lyon
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Carol Milligan
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
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12
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Albihlal WS, Gerber AP. Unconventional
RNA
‐binding proteins: an uncharted zone in
RNA
biology. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:2917-2931. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed S. Albihlal
- Department of Microbial Sciences School of Biosciences and Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Surrey Guildford UK
| | - André P. Gerber
- Department of Microbial Sciences School of Biosciences and Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Surrey Guildford UK
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13
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From EST to novel spider silk gene identification for production of spidroin-based biomaterials. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13354. [PMID: 29042670 PMCID: PMC5645381 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13876-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A cDNA library from a pool of all the seven silk glands from a tropical spider species was constructed. More than 1000 expressed sequence tag (EST) clones were created. Almost 65% of the EST clones were identified and around 50% were annotated. The cellular and functional distribution of the EST clones indicated high protein synthesis activity in spider silk glands. Novel clones with repetitive amino acid sequences, which is one of the most important characteristics of spider silk genes, were isolated. One of these clones, namely TuSp2 in current research, contains two almost identical fragments with one short C-terminal domain. Reverse transcription (RT) PCR and expression analysis showed that it is expressed in the tubuliform gland and involved in eggcase silk formation. Furthermore, its single repetitive domain can be induced to form various types of materials, including macroscopic fibers, transparent film and translucent hydrogel. This study implies promising potentials for future identification of novel spidroins and development of new spidroin-based biomaterials.
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Elzakra N, Cui L, Liu T, Li H, Huang J, Hu S. Mass Spectrometric Analysis of SOX11-Binding Proteins in Head and Neck Cancer Cells Demonstrates the Interaction of SOX11 and HSP90α. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:3961-3968. [PMID: 28915052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated expression of SOX11 has been shown to be involved in the progression of various types of cancer. However, the role of SOX11 in head and neck cancer remains largely unknown. In this study, coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were performed to identify the proteins that bind to SOX11 at significantly higher levels in head and neck cancer cells than in normal human oral keratinocytes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses indicated that many potential SOX11-binding partners were associated with protein synthesis, cell metabolism, and cell-cell adhesion. One of the identified proteins, heat shock protein 90 alpha (HSP90α), was selected for further investigation. The binding of HSP90α with SOX11 in head and neck cancer cells was validated by Co-IP with western blotting. In addition, HSP90α was found to be remarkably overexpressed in head and neck cancer cell lines when compared to its level in normal human oral keratinocytes, and knockdown of HSP90α inhibited the proliferation and invasion capacity of these cancer cells. On the basis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data analysis, HSP90AA1 gene was overexpressed in head and neck cancer tissues compared to normal controls and increased HSP90AA1 gene expression was positively associated with extracapsular spread and clinical stage. Head and neck cancer patients with higher HSP90AA1 expression had significantly poorer long-term overall and disease-free survival rates than those with lower HSP90AA1 expression. Collectively, our studies indicate that SOX11 binds to HSP90α, a highly overexpressed protein that may promote invasion and progression of head and neck cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseim Elzakra
- School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Li Cui
- School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tong Liu
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School , Newark, New Jersey 07103, United States
| | - Hong Li
- Center for Advanced Proteomics Research, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School , Newark, New Jersey 07103, United States
| | - Junwei Huang
- School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shen Hu
- School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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15
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Su KH, Dai C. Metabolic control of the proteotoxic stress response: implications in diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disorders. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:4231-4248. [PMID: 27289378 PMCID: PMC5599143 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2291-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proteome homeostasis, or proteostasis, is essential to maintain cellular fitness and its disturbance is associated with a broad range of human health conditions and diseases. Cells are constantly challenged by various extrinsic and intrinsic insults, which perturb cellular proteostasis and provoke proteotoxic stress. To counter proteomic perturbations and preserve proteostasis, cells mobilize the proteotoxic stress response (PSR), an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional program mediated by heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). The HSF1-mediated PSR guards the proteome against misfolding and aggregation. In addition to proteotoxic stress, emerging studies reveal that this proteostatic mechanism also responds to cellular energy state. This regulation is mediated by the key cellular metabolic sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In this review, we present an overview of the maintenance of proteostasis by HSF1, the metabolic regulation of the PSR, particularly focusing on AMPK, and their implications in the two major age-related diseases-diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hui Su
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | - Chengkai Dai
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA.
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16
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Blasco H, Patin F, Andres CR, Corcia P, Gordon PH. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, 2016: existing therapies and the ongoing search for neuroprotection. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2016; 17:1669-82. [PMID: 27356036 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2016.1202919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), one in a family of age-related neurodegenerative disorders, is marked by predominantly cryptogenic causes, partially elucidated pathophysiology, and elusive treatments. The challenges of ALS are illustrated by two decades of negative drug trials. AREAS COVERED In this article, we lay out the current understanding of disease genesis and physiology in relation to drug development in ALS, stressing important accomplishments and gaps in knowledge. We briefly consider clinical ALS, the ongoing search for biomarkers, and the latest in trial design, highlighting major recent and ongoing clinical trials; and we discuss, in a concluding section on future directions, the prion-protein hypothesis of neurodegeneration and what steps can be taken to end the drought that has characterized drug discovery in ALS. EXPERT OPINION Age-related neurodegenerative disorders are fast becoming major public health problems for the world's aging populations. Several agents offer promise in the near-term, but drug development is hampered by an interrelated cycle of obstacles surrounding etiological, physiological, and biomarkers discovery. It is time for the type of government-funded, public-supported offensive on neurodegenerative disease that has been effective in other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Blasco
- a Inserm U930, Equipe "neurogénétique et neurométabolomique" , Tours , France.,b Université François-Rabelais, Faculté de Médecine , Tours , France.,c Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France
| | - F Patin
- a Inserm U930, Equipe "neurogénétique et neurométabolomique" , Tours , France.,b Université François-Rabelais, Faculté de Médecine , Tours , France.,c Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France
| | - C R Andres
- a Inserm U930, Equipe "neurogénétique et neurométabolomique" , Tours , France.,b Université François-Rabelais, Faculté de Médecine , Tours , France.,c Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire , CHRU de Tours , Tours , France
| | - P Corcia
- a Inserm U930, Equipe "neurogénétique et neurométabolomique" , Tours , France.,b Université François-Rabelais, Faculté de Médecine , Tours , France.,d Centre SLA, Service de Neurologie , CHRU Bretonneau , Tours , France
| | - P H Gordon
- e Northern Navajo Medical Center , Neurology Unit , Shiprock , NM , USA
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17
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Kim JH, Dong CM, Kim J, An CM, Baek HJ, Kong HJ. Four Members of Heat Shock Protein 70 Family in Korean Rose Bitterling (Rhodeus uyekii). Dev Reprod 2016; 19:135-44. [PMID: 27004270 PMCID: PMC4801042 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2015.19.3.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein (HSP) 70, the highly conserved stress protein families, plays important roles in protecting cells against heat and other stresses in most animal species. In the present study, we identified and characterized four Hsp70 (RuHSP4, RuHSC70, RuHSP12A, RuGRP78) family proteins based on the expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis of the Korean rose bitterling R. uyekii cDNA library. The deduced RuHSP70 family has high amino acid identities of 72-99% with those of other species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that RuHsp70 family clustered with fish groups (HSP4, HSC70, HSP12A, GRP78) proteins. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed the specific expression patterns of RuHsp70 family members in the early developmental stages and several tissues in Korean rose bitterling. The expression of 4 groups of Hsp70 family was detected in all tested tissue. Particularly, Hsp70 family of Korean rose bitterling is highly expressed in hepatopancreas and sexual gonad (testis and ovary). The expression of Hsp70 family was differentially regulated in accordance with early development stage of Rhodeus uyekii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyun Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 46083, Korea
| | - Chun Mae Dong
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 46083, Korea
| | - Julan Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 46083, Korea
| | - Cheul Min An
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 46083, Korea
| | - Hae Ja Baek
- Dept. of Marine Biology, Graduate School, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Kong
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 46083, Korea
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18
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Shi J, Fu M, Zhao C, Zhou F, Yang Q, Qiu L. Characterization and function analysis of Hsp60 and Hsp10 under different acute stresses in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:295-312. [PMID: 26637414 PMCID: PMC4786529 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0660-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are a class of highly conserved proteins produced in virtually all living organisms from bacteria to humans. Hsp60 and Hsp10, the most important mitochondrial chaperones, participate in environmental stress responses. In this study, the full-length complementary DNAs (cDNAs) of Hsp60 (PmHsp60) and Hsp10 (PmHsp10) were cloned from Penaeus monodon. Sequence analysis showed that PmHsp60 and PmHsp10 encoded polypeptides of 578 and 102 amino acids, respectively. The expression profiles of PmHsp60 and PmHsp10 were detected in the gills and hepatopancreas of the shrimps under pH challenge, osmotic stress, and heavy metal exposure, and results suggested that PmHsp60 and PmHsp10 were involved in the responses to these stimuli. ATPase and chaperone activity assay indicated that PmHsp60 could slow down protein denaturation and that Hsp60/Hsp10 may be combined to produce a chaperone complex with effective chaperone and ATPase activities. Overall, this study provides useful information to help further understand the functional mechanisms of the environmental stress responses of Hsp60 and Hsp10 in shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxuan Shi
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
- College of Aqua-life Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Mingjun Fu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Falin Zhou
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Qibin Yang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510300, China
- Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
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Pennisi R, Ascenzi P, di Masi A. Hsp90: A New Player in DNA Repair? Biomolecules 2015; 5:2589-618. [PMID: 26501335 PMCID: PMC4693249 DOI: 10.3390/biom5042589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an evolutionary conserved molecular chaperone that, together with Hsp70 and co-chaperones makes up the Hsp90 chaperone machinery, stabilizing and activating more than 200 proteins, involved in protein homeostasis (i.e., proteostasis), transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, and DNA repair. Cells respond to DNA damage by activating complex DNA damage response (DDR) pathways that include: (i) cell cycle arrest; (ii) transcriptional and post-translational activation of a subset of genes, including those associated with DNA repair; and (iii) triggering of programmed cell death. The efficacy of the DDR pathways is influenced by the nuclear levels of DNA repair proteins, which are regulated by balancing between protein synthesis and degradation as well as by nuclear import and export. The inability to respond properly to either DNA damage or to DNA repair leads to genetic instability, which in turn may enhance the rate of cancer development. Multiple components of the DNA double strand breaks repair machinery, including BRCA1, BRCA2, CHK1, DNA-PKcs, FANCA, and the MRE11/RAD50/NBN complex, have been described to be client proteins of Hsp90, which acts as a regulator of the diverse DDR pathways. Inhibition of Hsp90 actions leads to the altered localization and stabilization of DDR proteins after DNA damage and may represent a cell-specific and tumor-selective radiosensibilizer. Here, the role of Hsp90-dependent molecular mechanisms involved in cancer onset and in the maintenance of the genome integrity is discussed and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Pennisi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Roma I-00136, Italy.
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, Roma I-00146, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Roma I-00136, Italy.
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20
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Barbosa-Sampaio HC, Drynda R, Liu B, Rodriguez De Ledesma AM, Malicet C, Iovanna JL, Jones PM, Muller DS, Persaud SJ. Reduced nuclear protein 1 expression improves insulin sensitivity and protects against diet-induced glucose intolerance through up-regulation of heat shock protein 70. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:962-9. [PMID: 25638293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We recently reported that deletion of the stress-regulated nuclear protein 1 (Nupr1) protected against obesity-associated metabolic alterations due to increased beta cell mass, but complete Nupr1 ablation was not advantageous since it led to insulin resistance on a normal diet. The current study used Nupr1 haplodeficient mice to investigate whether a partial reduction in Nupr1 expression conferred beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis. Islet number, morphology and area, assessed by immunofluorescence and morphometric analyses, were not altered in Nupr1 haplodeficient mice under normal diet conditions and nor was beta cell BrdU incorporation. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests indicated that there were no significant changes in in vivo insulin secretion and glucose clearance in Nupr1 haplodeficient mice, and beta cell function in vitro was normal. However, reduced Nupr1 expression decreased visceral fat deposition and significantly increased insulin sensitivity in vivo. In contrast to wild type animals, high fat diet-fed Nupr1 haplodeficient mice were not hyperinsulinaemic or glucose intolerant, and their sustained insulin sensitivity was demonstrated by appropriate insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation, as determined by Western blotting. At the molecular level, measurements of gene expression levels and promoter activities identified Nupr1-dependent inhibition of heat shock factor-1-induced heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression as a mechanism through which Nupr1 regulates insulin sensitivity. We have shown for the first time that Nupr1 plays a central role in inhibiting Hsp70 expression in tissues regulating glucose homeostasis, and reductions in Nupr1 expression could be used to protect against the metabolic defects associated with obesity-induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Barbosa-Sampaio
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - R Drynda
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - B Liu
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - A M Rodriguez De Ledesma
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - C Malicet
- INSERM U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Case 915, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - J L Iovanna
- INSERM U1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Case 915, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - P M Jones
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - D S Muller
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - S J Persaud
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom.
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21
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Evaluating Dual Hsp90 and Hsp70 Inhibition as a Cancer Therapy. TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/7355_2015_96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Baindur-Hudson S, Edkins AL, Blatch GL. Hsp70/Hsp90 organising protein (hop): beyond interactions with chaperones and prion proteins. Subcell Biochem 2015; 78:69-90. [PMID: 25487016 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11731-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Hsp70/Hsp90 organising protein (Hop), also known as stress-inducible protein 1 (STI1), has received considerable attention for diverse cellular functions in both healthy and diseased states. There is extensive evidence that intracellular Hop is a co-chaperone of the major chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp90, playing an important role in the productive folding of Hsp90 client proteins. Consequently, Hop is implicated in a number of key signalling pathways, including aberrant pathways leading to cancer. However, Hop is also secreted and it is now well established that Hop also serves as a receptor for the prion protein, PrP(C). The intracellular and extracellular forms of Hop most likely represent two different isoforms, although the molecular determinants of these divergent functions are yet to be identified. There is also a growing body of research that reports the involvement of Hop in cellular activities that appear independent of either chaperones or PrP(C). While Hop has been shown to have various cellular functions, its biological function remains elusive. However, recent knockout studies in mammals suggest that Hop has an important role in embryonic development. This review provides a critical overview of the latest molecular, cellular and biological research on Hop, critically evaluating its function in healthy systems and how this function is adapted in diseases states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Baindur-Hudson
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, VIC 8001, Melbourne, Australia,
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23
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Dai S, Tang Z, Cao J, Zhou W, Li H, Sampson S, Dai C. Suppression of the HSF1-mediated proteotoxic stress response by the metabolic stress sensor AMPK. EMBO J 2014; 34:275-93. [PMID: 25425574 PMCID: PMC4339117 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous extrinsic and intrinsic insults trigger the HSF1-mediated proteotoxic stress response (PSR), an ancient transcriptional program that is essential to proteostasis and survival under such conditions. In contrast to its well-recognized mobilization by proteotoxic stress, little is known about how this powerful adaptive mechanism reacts to other stresses. Surprisingly, we discovered that metabolic stress suppresses the PSR. This suppression is largely mediated through the central metabolic sensor AMPK, which physically interacts with and phosphorylates HSF1 at Ser121. Through AMPK activation, metabolic stress represses HSF1, rendering cells vulnerable to proteotoxic stress. Conversely, proteotoxic stress inactivates AMPK and thereby interferes with the metabolic stress response. Importantly, metformin, a metabolic stressor and popular anti-diabetic drug, inactivates HSF1 and provokes proteotoxic stress within tumor cells, thereby impeding tumor growth. Thus, these findings uncover a novel interplay between the metabolic stress sensor AMPK and the proteotoxic stress sensor HSF1 that profoundly impacts stress resistance, proteostasis, and malignant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Dai
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Zijian Tang
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA Graduate Programs, Department of Molecular & Biomedical Sciences, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Junyue Cao
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Huawen Li
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
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Costa FLS, Lima MED, Pimenta AC, Figueiredo SG, Kalapothakis E, Salas CE. Expressed sequence tags in venomous tissue of Scorpaena plumieri (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae). NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20130149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Species of the family Scorpaenidae are responsible for accidents and sporadic casualties by the shore they inhabit. The species Scorpaena plumierifrom this family populate the Northeastern and Eastern coast of Brazil causing human envenomation characterized by local and systemic symptoms. In experimental animals the venom induces cardiotoxic, hypotensive, and airway respiratory effects. As first step to identify the venom components we isolated gland mRNA to produce a cDNA library from the fish gland. This report describes the partial sequencing of 356 gland transcripts from S. plumieri. BLAST analysis of transcripts showed that 30% were unknown sequences, 17% hypothetical proteins, 17% related to metabolic enzymes, 14% belonged to signal transducing functions and the remaining groups (7-8%) composed by gene related with expressing proteins, regulatory proteins and structural proteins. A considerable number of these EST were not found in available databases suggesting the existence of new proteins and/or functions yet to be discovered. By screening the library with antibodies against a lectin fraction from S. plumierivenom we identified several clones whose DNA sequence showed similarities with lectins found in fish. In silicoanalysis of these clones confirm the identity of these molecules in the venom gland of S. plumieri.
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25
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The effect of LED light spectra on antioxidant system by thermal stress in goldfish, Carassius auratus. Mol Cell Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-014-0006-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Boiocchi C, Osera C, Monti MC, Ferraro OE, Govoni S, Cuccia M, Montomoli C, Pascale A, Bergamaschi R. Are Hsp70 protein expression and genetic polymorphism implicated in multiple sclerosis inflammation? J Neuroimmunol 2014; 268:84-8. [PMID: 24485944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and environmental factors contribute to disease Multiple Sclerosis (MS) susceptibility, the most prevalent neurological pathology affecting young individuals in Western countries. We focused our attention on HSP70-2, an inducible chaperon induced under stress conditions. Genotype analysis of HSP70-2 (+1267 A/G) polymorphism revealed a significant association between the minor allele G and presence of MS (OR:1.31, 95% CI: 1.02-1.69, P = 0.039). In addition, Hsp70-2 protein content in vitro from PBMC was significantly lower in MS patients with GG genotype compared to AA genotype, indicating an implication of the G allele of HSP70-2 gene polymorphism in the development of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Boiocchi
- Inter-department Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre, C. Mondino National Institute of Neurology Foundation, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Osera
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Monti
- Section of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ottavia Eleonora Ferraro
- Section of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Govoni
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariaclara Cuccia
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Biology & Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Montomoli
- Section of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessia Pascale
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Bergamaschi
- Inter-department Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre, C. Mondino National Institute of Neurology Foundation, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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27
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Heat shock transcription factor 1-deficiency attenuates overloading-associated hypertrophy of mouse soleus muscle. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77788. [PMID: 24167582 PMCID: PMC3805596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic stimuli, such as mechanical stress and overloading, induce stress response, which is mediated by heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), and up-regulate heat shock proteins (HSPs) in mammalian skeletal muscles. Therefore, HSF1-associated stress response may play a key role in loading-associated skeletal muscle hypertrophy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of HSF1-deficiency on skeletal muscle hypertrophy caused by overloading. Functional overloading on the left soleus was performed by cutting the distal tendons of gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles for 4 weeks. The right muscle served as the control. Soleus muscles from both hindlimbs were dissected 2 and 4 weeks after the operation. Hypertrophy of soleus muscle in HSF1-null mice was partially inhibited, compared with that in wild-type (C57BL/6J) mice. Absence of HSF1 partially attenuated the increase of muscle wet weight and fiber cross-sectional area of overloaded soleus muscle. Population of Pax7-positive muscle satellite cells in HSF1-null mice was significantly less than that in wild-type mice following 2 weeks of overloading (p<0.05). Significant up-regulations of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor mRNAs were observed in HSF1-null, but not in wild-type, mice following 2 weeks of overloading. Overloading-related increases of IL-6 and AFT3 mRNA expressions seen after 2 weeks of overloading tended to decrease after 4 weeks in both types of mice. In HSF1-null mice, however, the significant overloading-related increase in the expression of IL-6, not ATF3, mRNA was noted even at 4th week. Inhibition of muscle hypertrophy might be attributed to the greater and prolonged enhancement of IL-6 expression. HSF1 and/or HSF1-mediated stress response may, in part, play a key role in loading-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy.
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Sarkars R, Mukherjee S, Roy M. Targeting heat shock proteins by phenethyl isothiocyanate results in cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. Nutr Cancer 2013; 65:480-93. [PMID: 23530648 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.767366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are chaperones for several client proteins involved in transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, and cell cycle control. HSPs (27, 70, and 90) are abundantly expressed in a wide range of cancers and are transcriptionally regulated by heat shock factor (HSF1). Most of the synthetic HSP inhibitors exhibit toxicity, therefore, searching for inhibitors with limited or no toxicity will be of help. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of natural isothiocyanate (phenethyl isothiocyanate; PEITC) on different HSPs (27, 70, and 90) and HSF1 in 2 breast cancer cell lines, namely breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 (with wild type p53) and highly metastatic breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 (with mutated p53). PEITC significantly inhibited the expression of HSPs (particularly HSP 90) and HSF1. Molecular consequences due to HSP inhibition were downregulation of cell-cycle regulatory proteins like Cyclin B1, CDK1, Cdc25C, PLK-1, and upregulation of p21 irrespective of p53 status. These modulations were accompanied by cell-cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis by activation of caspases 3 and 9. PEITC therefore may be regarded as a potent HSP inhibitor and an antitumor agent in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruma Sarkars
- Department of Environmental Carcinogenesis & Toxicology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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Nishizawa S, Koya T, Ohno Y, Goto A, Ikuita A, Suzuki M, Ohira T, Egawa T, Nakai A, Sugiura T, Ohira Y, Yoshioka T, Beppu M, Goto K. Regeneration of injured skeletal muscle in heat shock transcription factor 1-null mice. Physiol Rep 2013; 1:e00071. [PMID: 24303143 PMCID: PMC3835021 DOI: 10.1002/phy2.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate a role of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1)-mediated stress response during regeneration of injured soleus muscle by using HSF1-null mice. Cardiotoxin (CTX) was injected into the left muscle of male HSF1-null and wild-type mice under anesthesia with intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium. Injection of physiological saline was also performed into the right muscle. Soleus muscles were dissected bilaterally 2 and 4 weeks after the injection. The relative weight and fiber cross-sectional area in CTX-injected muscles of HSF1-null, not of wild-type, mice were less than controls with injection of physiological saline 4 weeks after the injury, indicating a slower regeneration. Injury-related increase of Pax7-positive muscle satellite cells in HSF1-null mice was inhibited versus wild-type mice. HSF1-deficiency generally caused decreases in the basal expression levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs). But the mRNA expression levels of HSP25 and HSP90α in HSF1-null mice were enhanced in response to CTX-injection, compared with wild-type mice. Significant up-regulations of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL) -6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor mRNAs, with greater magnitude than in wild-type mice were observed in HSF1-deficient mouse muscle. HSF1 and/or HSF1-mediated stress response may play a key role in the regenerating process of injured skeletal muscle. HSF1 deficiency may depress the regenerating process of injured skeletal muscle via the partial depression of increase in Pax7-positive satellite cells. HSF1-deficiency-associated partial depression of skeletal muscle regeneration might also be attributed to up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sono Nishizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Kawasaki, Japan
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Ly BTK, Chi HT, Yamagishi M, Kano Y, Hara Y, Nakano K, Sato Y, Watanabe T. Inhibition of FLT3 expression by green tea catechins in FLT3 mutated-AML cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66378. [PMID: 23840454 PMCID: PMC3688791 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by a block in differentiation and uncontrolled proliferation. FLT3 is a commonly mutated gene found in AML patients. In clinical trials, the presence of a FLT3-ITD mutation significantly correlates with an increased risk of relapse and dismal overall survival. Therefore, activated FLT3 is a promising molecular target for AML therapies. In this study, we have shown that green tea polyphenols including (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) suppress the proliferation of AML cells. Interestingly, EGCG, EGC and ECG showed the inhibition of FLT3 expression in cell lines harboring FLT3 mutations. In the THP-1 cells harboring FLT3 wild-type, EGCG showed the suppression of cell proliferation but did not suppress the expression of FLT3 even at the concentration that suppress 100% cell proliferation. Moreover, EGCG-, EGC-and ECG-treated cells showed the suppression of MAPK, AKT and STAT5 phosphorylation. Altogether, we suggest that green tea polyphenols could serve as reagents for treatment or prevention of leukemia harboring FLT3 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bui Thi Kim Ly
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hoang Thanh Chi
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Makoto Yamagishi
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kano
- Division of Hematology, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Hara
- Tea Solution, Hara Office Inc., Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Nakano
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Sato
- The Japanese Red Cross College of Nursing, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Krishnamoorthy GP, Guida T, Alfano L, Avilla E, Santoro M, Carlomagno F, Melillo RM. Molecular mechanism of 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG)-induced AXL receptor tyrosine kinase degradation. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:17481-94. [PMID: 23629654 PMCID: PMC3682548 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.439422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is overexpressed in many cancer types including thyroid carcinomas and has well established roles in tumor formation and progression. Proper folding, maturation, and activity of several oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases require HSP90 chaperoning. HSP90 inhibition by the antibiotic geldanamycin or its derivative 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) causes destabilization of its client proteins. Here we show that AXL is a novel client protein of HSP90. 17-AAG induced a time- and dose-dependent down-regulation of endogenous or ectopically expressed AXL protein, thereby inhibiting AXL-mediated signaling and biological activity. 17-AAG-induced AXL down-regulation specifically affected fully glycosylated mature receptor present on cell membrane. By using biotin and [(35)S]methionine labeling, we showed that 17-AAG caused depletion of membrane-localized AXL by mediating its degradation in the intracellular compartment, thus restricting its exposure on the cell surface. 17-AAG induced AXL polyubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation; under basal conditions, AXL co-immunoprecipitated with HSP90. Upon 17-AAG treatment, AXL associated with the co-chaperone HSP70 and the ubiquitin E3 ligase carboxyl terminus of HSC70-interacting protein (CHIP). Overexpression of CHIP, but not of the inactive mutant CHIP K30A, induced accumulation of AXL polyubiquitinated species upon 17-AAG treatment. The sensitivity of AXL to 17-AAG required its intracellular domain because an AXL intracellular domain-deleted mutant was insensitive to the compound. Active AXL and kinase-dead AXL were similarly sensitive to 17-AAG, implying that 17-AAG sensitivity does not require receptor phosphorylation. Overall our data elucidate the molecular basis of AXL down-regulation by HSP90 inhibitors and suggest that HSP90 inhibition in anticancer therapy can exert its effect through inhibition of multiple kinases including AXL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Guida
- From the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Naples Federico II and
| | - Luigi Alfano
- From the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Naples Federico II and
| | - Elvira Avilla
- From the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Naples Federico II and
| | - Massimo Santoro
- From the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Naples Federico II and ,Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche “G. Salvatore,” 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Carlomagno
- From the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Naples Federico II and ,Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche “G. Salvatore,” 80131 Naples, Italy, To whom correspondence may be addressed: Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy. Tel.: 39-0817463603; Fax: 39-0817463603; E-mail:
| | - Rosa Marina Melillo
- From the Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Naples Federico II and ,Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche “G. Salvatore,” 80131 Naples, Italy, To whom correspondence may be addressed: Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy. Tel.: 39-0817463603; Fax: 39-0817463603; E-mail:
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Horibe T, Torisawa A, Kohno M, Kawakami K. Molecular mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by Hsp90-targeted Antp-TPR hybrid peptide in glioblastoma cells. Mol Cancer 2012; 11:59. [PMID: 22913813 PMCID: PMC3499401 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-11-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is vital to cell survival under conditions of stress, and binds client proteins to assist in protein stabilization, translocation of polypeptides across cell membranes, and recovery of proteins from aggregates. Therefore, Hsp90 has emerged as an important target for the treatment of cancer. We previously reported that novel Antp-TPR hybrid peptide, which can inhibit the interaction of Hsp90 with the TPR2A domain of Hop, induces selective cytotoxic activity to discriminate between normal and cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Results In this study, we investigated the functional cancer-cell killing mechanism of Antp-TPR hybrid peptide in glioblastoma (GB) cell lines. It was demonstrated that Antp-TPR peptide induced effective cytotoxic activity in GB cells through the loss of Hsp90 client proteins such as p53, Akt, CDK4, and cRaf. Antp-TPR also did not induce the up-regulation of Hsp70 and Hsp90 proteins, although a small-molecule inhibitor of Hsp90, 17-AAG, induced the up-regulation of these proteins. It was also found that Antp-TPR peptide increased the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response, and the cytotoxic activity of this hybrid peptide to GB cells in the endoplasmic reticulum stress condition. Conclusion These results show that targeting of Hsp90 by Antp-TPR could be an attractive approach to selective cancer-cell killing because no other Hsp90-targeted compounds show selective cytotoxic activity. Antp-TPR might provide potent and selective therapeutic options for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Horibe
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Kang BH. TRAP1 regulation of mitochondrial life or death decision in cancer cells and mitochondria-targeted TRAP1 inhibitors. BMB Rep 2012; 45:1-6. [PMID: 22281005 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2012.45.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hsp90 is one of the most conserved molecular chaperones ubiquitously expressed in normal cells and over-expressed in cancer cells. A pool of Hsp90 was found in cancer mitochondria and the expression of the mitochondrial Hsp90 homolog, TRAP1, was also elevated in many cancers. The mitochondrial pool of chaperones plays important roles in regulating mitochondrial integrity, protecting against oxidative stress, and inhibiting cell death. Pharmacological inactivation of the chaperones induced mitochondrial dysfunction and concomitant cell death selectively in cancer cells, suggesting they can be target proteins for the development of cancer therapeutics. Several drug candidates targeting TRAP1 and Hsp90 in the mitochondria have been developed and have shown strong cytotoxic activity in many cancers, but not in normal cells in vitros and in vivo. In this review, recent developments in the study of mitochondrial chaperones and the mitochondria-targeted chaperone inhibitors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Heon Kang
- Graduate Program of Life Science, School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, Korea.
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Khodagholi F, Ansari N, Amini M, Tusi SK. Involvement of molecular chaperones and the transcription factor Nrf2 in neuroprotection mediated by para-substituted-4,5-diaryl-3-thiomethyl-1,2,4-triazines. Cell Stress Chaperones 2012; 17:409-22. [PMID: 22212523 PMCID: PMC3368030 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-011-0316-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Much evidence supports that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Herein, we studied the compensatory/adaptive mechanisms involved in 3-thiomethyl-5,6-(diphenyl)-1,2,4-triazine and 3-thiomethyl-5,6-(dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazine neuroprotection. We found that these compounds could counteract H(2)O(2)-induced rupture of neurite outgrowth in differentiated PC12 cells. In addition, we found that pretreatment of cells with triazine derivatives could modulate the expression of heat shock proteins Hsp70, Hsp90, and Hsp32 in H(2)O(2)-treated PC12 cells. These compounds could also increase nuclear level of stress sensing transcription factor, NF-E2 related factor 2, which contributes to redox homeostasis and cell survival following stress. As a result, the elevated levels of glutamylcysteine synthetase, glutathione peroxidase-1, and glutathione, as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase, increased cellular antioxidant capacity. Studying the relation between structure and activity of these compounds will pave the way for exploiting preventive and/or therapeutic strategies for the management of oxidative stress-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Yuan B, Xian R, Wu X, Jing J, Chen K, Liu G, Zhou Z. Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone glucose regulated protein 170-Pokemon complexes elicit a robust antitumor immune response in vivo. Immunobiology 2012; 217:738-42. [PMID: 22317751 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2011] [Revised: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous evidence suggested that the stress protein grp170 can function as a highly efficient molecular chaperone, binding to large protein substrates and acting as a potent vaccine against specific tumors when purified from the same tumor. In addition, Pokemon can be found in almost all malignant tumor cells and is regarded to be a promising candidate for the treatment of tumors. However, the potential of the grp170-Pokemon chaperone complex has not been well described. In the present study, the natural chaperone complex between grp170 and the Pokemon was formed by heat shock, and its immunogenicity was detected by ELISPOT and (51)Cr-release assays in vitro and by tumor bearing models in vivo. Our results demonstrated that the grp170-Pokemon chaperone complex could elicit T cell responses as determined by ELISPOT and (51)Cr-release assays. In addition, immunized C57BL/6 mice were challenged with subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of Lewis cancer cells to induce primary tumors. Treatment of mice with the grp170-Pokemon chaperone complex also significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the life span of tumor-bearing mice. Our results indicated that the grp170-Pokemon chaperone complex might represent a powerful approach to tumor immunotherapy and have significant potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangqing Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 476th Hospital of PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China
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Yasuhara K, Ohno Y, Kojima A, Uehara K, Beppu M, Sugiura T, Fujimoto M, Nakai A, Ohira Y, Yoshioka T, Goto K. Absence of heat shock transcription factor 1 retards the regrowth of atrophied soleus muscle in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2011; 111:1142-9. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00471.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) gene on the regrowth of atrophied mouse soleus muscles were studied. Both HSF1-null and wild-type mice were subjected to continuous hindlimb suspension for 2 wk followed by 4 wk of ambulation recovery. There was no difference in the magnitude of suspension-related decrease of muscle weight, protein content, and the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers between both types of mice. However, the regrowth of atrophied soleus muscle in HSF1-null mice was slower compared with that in wild-type mice. Lower baseline expression level of HSP25, HSC70, and HSP72 were noted in soleus muscle of HSF1-null mice. Unloading-associated downregulation and reloading-associated upregulation of HSP25 and HSP72 mRNA were observed not only in wild-type mice but also in HSF1-null mice. Reloading-associated upregulation of HSP72 and HSP25 during the regrowth of atrophied muscle was observed in wild-type mice. Minor and delayed upregulation of HSP72 at mRNA and protein levels was also seen in HSF1-null mice. Significant upregulations of HSF2 and HSF4 were observed immediately after the suspension in HSF1-null mice, but not in wild-type mice. Therefore, HSP72 expression in soleus muscle might be regulated by the posttranscriptional level, but not by the stress response. Evidence from this study suggested that the upregulation of HSPs induced by HSF1-associated stress response might play, in part, important roles in the mechanical loading (stress)-associated regrowth of skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Yasuhara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki
| | - Yoshitaka Ohno
- Laboratory of Physiology, School of Health Sciences, Toyohashi SOZO University, Toyohashi
| | - Atsushi Kojima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki
| | - Kenji Uehara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki
| | - Moroe Beppu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki
| | | | | | - Akira Nakai
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi
| | | | | | - Katsumasa Goto
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyohashi SOZO University, Toyohashi, Japan
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Kim LS, Kim JH. Heat shock protein as molecular targets for breast cancer therapeutics. J Breast Cancer 2011; 14:167-74. [PMID: 22031796 PMCID: PMC3200510 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2011.14.3.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the breast cancer development and progression have led to the identification of numerous novel molecular targets. Among these, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are being emerging molecular target due to its diverse function in cancer cells. HSPs are highly conserved molecular chaperone that are synthesized by cell in response to various stress conditions. Mammalian HSPs have been classified into several families according to their molecular weight: HSP100, HSP90, HSP72, and small molecular HSPs (including HSP27). They are essential proteins that play a key role in cell survival through the cytoprotective mechanisms. In addition, HSPs are often overexpressed in a rage of cancers including breast cancer, and its overexpression seems to be associated with poor clinical outcomes. Also, HSP90 play a role in facilitating transformation by stabilizing the mutated and overexpressed oncoproteins found in breast cancer cell. Pharmacological targeting of HSP is therefore indicated and in the case of HSP90, numerous inhibitory drugs are undergoing clinical trial for treatment of breast cancer and other cancers. In this review, we describe the roles of HSPs in cancer cell and introduce the HSPs inhibitor as molecular target in cancer therapy and its recent clinical trials in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Su Kim
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
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Goto K, Oda H, Kondo H, Igaki M, Suzuki A, Tsuchiya S, Murase T, Hase T, Fujiya H, Matsumoto I, Naito H, Sugiura T, Ohira Y, Yoshioka T. Responses of muscle mass, strength and gene transcripts to long-term heat stress in healthy human subjects. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010; 111:17-27. [PMID: 20803152 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-010-1617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effects of long-term heat stress on mass, strength and gene expression profile of human skeletal muscles without exercise training. Eight healthy men were subjected to 10-week application of heat stress, which was performed for the quadriceps muscles for 8 h/day and 4 days/week by using a heat- and steam-generating sheet. Maximum isometric force during knee extension of the heated leg significantly increased after heat stress (~5.8%, P < 0.05). Mean cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of vastus lateralis (VL, ~2.7%) and rectus femoris (~6.1%) muscles, as well as fiber CSA (8.3%) in VL, in the heated leg were also significantly increased (P < 0.05). Statistical analysis of microarrays (SAM) revealed that 10 weeks of heat stress increased the transcript level of 925 genes and decreased that of 1,300 genes, and gene function clustering analysis (Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery: DAVID) showed that these regulated transcripts stemmed from diverse functional categories. Transcript level of ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase binding protein (UQCRB) was significantly increased by 10 weeks of heat stress (~3.0 folds). UQCRB is classified as one of the oxidative phosphorylation-associated genes, suggesting that heat stress can stimulate ATP synthesis. These results suggested that long-term application of heat stress could be effective in increasing the muscle strength associated with hypertrophy without exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumasa Goto
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyohashi SOZO University, Toyohashi, Aichi, 440-8511, Japan.
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Wu Y, Song SW, Sun J, Bruner JM, Fuller GN, Zhang W. IIp45 inhibits cell migration through inhibition of HDAC6. J Biol Chem 2009; 285:3554-3560. [PMID: 20008322 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.063354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
IIp45 (aka MIIP) is a newly discovered gene whose protein product inhibits cell migration. HDAC6 is a class IIb deacetylase that specifically deacetylates alpha-tubulin, modulates microtubule dynamics, and promotes cell migration. A yeast two-hybrid assay using IIp45 as bait identified HDAC6 protein as a binding partner of IIp45. This physical interaction of the two functionally antagonistic proteins was confirmed by glutathione S-transferase pulldown assay and co-immunoprecipitation assay in human cells. Serial deletion constructs of HDAC6 were used to characterize the interaction of HDAC6 and IIp45, and this analysis found that the two catalytic domains of HDAC6 protein are required for IIp45 binding. We examined the protein expression patterns of IIp45 and HDAC6 in glioma tissues. Elevated protein levels of HDAC6 were found in high grade glioma samples, in contrast to the decreased protein expression of IIp45. The potential negative regulation of HDAC6 expression by IIp45 was confirmed in cell lines with altered IIp45 expression by constitutive overexpression or small interfering RNA knockdown. Protein turnover study revealed that overexpression of IIp45 significantly reduces the intracellular protein stability of endogenous HDAC6, indicating a possible mechanism for the negative regulation of HDAC6 by IIp45. Results from the HDAC activity assay demonstrated that overexpressed IIp45 effectively decreases HDAC6 activity, increases acetylated alpha-tubulin, and reduces cell migration. The increased cell migration resulting from siIIp45 knockdown was significantly reversed by co-transfection of siHDAC6. Thus, we report here for the first time a novel mechanism by which IIp45 inhibits cell motility through inhibition of HDAC6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and
| | - Sonya W Song
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and; the Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jiyuan Sun
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and
| | - Janet M Bruner
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and
| | - Gregory N Fuller
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and
| | - Wei Zhang
- From the Department of Pathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and.
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41
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Li Y, Zhang T, Jiang Y, Lee HF, Schwartz SJ, Sun D. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits Hsp90 function by impairing Hsp90 association with cochaperones in pancreatic cancer cell line Mia Paca-2. Mol Pharm 2009; 6:1152-9. [PMID: 19438225 DOI: 10.1021/mp900037p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate [(-)-EGCG], the most abundant polyphenolic catechin in green tea, showed chemoprevention and anticancer activities. (-)-EGCG was reported to bind to the C-terminal domain of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). The purpose of this study is to investigate (-)-EGCG as a novel Hsp90 inhibitor to impair Hsp90 superchaperone complex for simultaneous downregulation of oncogenic proteins in pancreatic cancer cells. MTS assay showed that (-)-EGCG exhibited antiproliferative activity against pancreatic cancer cell line Mia Paca-2 in vitro with IC50 below 50 muM. (-)-EGCG increased caspase-3 activity up to 3-fold in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that (-)-EGCG induced downregulation of oncogenic Hsp90 client proteins by approximately 70-95%, including Akt, Cdk4, Raf-1, Her-2, and pERK. Co-immunoprecipitation showed that (-)-EGCG decreased the association of cochaperones p23 and Hsc70 with Hsp90 by more than 50%, while it had little effect on the ATP binding to Hsp90. Proteolytic fingerprinting assay confirmed direct binding between (-)-EGCG and the Hsp90 C-terminal domain. These data suggest that the binding of (-)-EGCG to Hsp90 impairs the association of Hsp90 with its cochaperones, thereby inducing degradation of Hsp90 client proteins, resulting antiproliferating effects in pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Dutta D, Bagchi P, Chatterjee A, Nayak MK, Mukherjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Nagashima S, Kobayashi N, Komoto S, Taniguchi K, Chawla-Sarkar M. The molecular chaperone heat shock protein-90 positively regulates rotavirus infectionx. Virology 2009; 391:325-33. [PMID: 19628238 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2009] [Revised: 06/07/2009] [Accepted: 06/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rotaviruses are the major cause of severe dehydrating gastroenteritis in children worldwide. In this study, we report a positive role of cellular chaperone Hsp90 during rotavirus infection. A highly specific Hsp90 inhibitor, 17-allylamono-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) was used to delineate the functional role of Hsp90. In MA104 cells treated with 17-AAG after viral adsorption, replication of simian (SA11) or human (KU) strains was attenuated as assessed by quantitating both plaque forming units and expression of viral genes. Phosphorylation of Akt and NFkappaB observed 2-4 hpi with SA11, was strongly inhibited in the presence of 17-AAG. Direct Hsp90-Akt interaction in virus infected cells was also reduced in the presence of 17-AAG. Anti-rotaviral effects of 17-AAG were due to inhibition of activation of Akt that was confirmed since, PI3K/Akt inhibitors attenuated rotavirus growth significantly. Thus, Hsp90 regulates rotavirus by modulating cellular signaling proteins. The results highlight the importance of cellular proteins during rotavirus infection and the possibility of targeting cellular chaperones for developing new anti-rotaviral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjan Dutta
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata-700010, West Bengal, India
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43
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Li Y, Zhang T, Schwartz SJ, Sun D. New developments in Hsp90 inhibitors as anti-cancer therapeutics: mechanisms, clinical perspective and more potential. Drug Resist Updat 2009; 12:17-27. [PMID: 19179103 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2008.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2008] [Revised: 11/26/2008] [Accepted: 12/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The molecular chaperone Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90) is a promising target in cancer therapy. Preclinical and clinical evaluations of a variety of Hsp90 inhibitors have shown anti-tumor effect as a single agent and in combination with chemotherapy. Current Hsp90 inhibitors are categorized into several classes based on distinct modes of inhibition, including (i) blockade of ATP binding, (ii) disruption of co-chaperone/Hsp90 interactions, (iii) antagonism of client/Hsp90 associations and (iv) interference with post-translational modifications of Hsp90. The different functions of Hsp90 isoforms and the isoform selectivity of drugs need further investigation. The correlation of cell surface Hsp90 with cancer metastasis and the emerging involvement of Hsp90 inhibition in cancer stem cells have become exciting areas that could be exploited. Therefore, the aim of this review is (1) to summarize the up-to-date knowledge of mechanistic studies and clinical prospect of currently available Hsp90 inhibitors, (2) to enhance our perspectives for designing and discovering novel Hsp90 inhibitors, and (3) to provide an insight into less-understood potential of Hsp90 inhibition in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, MI 48109, USA
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Padwad YS, Mishra KP, Jain M, Chanda S, Karan D, Ganju L. RNA interference mediated silencing of Hsp60 gene in human monocytic myeloma cell line U937 revealed decreased dengue virus multiplication. Immunobiology 2009; 214:422-9. [PMID: 19261350 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2008.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2008] [Revised: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) or stress proteins are highly conserved molecules and expressed in all cell types under stressful conditions like heat, cold, hypoxia and infections. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of dengue virus infection on relative expression of stress proteins and their role in the progression of the infection. As macrophages are the primary host for dengue, human promonocytic myeloblastoma U937 cells were infected with dengue virus type 2 New Guinea C strain for the evaluation of Hsps expression. A significant expression of Hsp60 was observed in virally infected U937 cells as compared to controls. In order to determine the correlation between Hsp60 expression and viral multiplication in infected cells, expression of Hsp60 was down regulated by RNA interference. Viral multiplication was determined by quantification of viral RNA copy number using Real Time PCR and plaque formation assay in cellular supernatants of Hsp60 silenced cells. Intracellular quantification of viral load was also determined by flow cytometry. It was observed that down regulation of Hsp60 in virally infected cells resulted into decrease in viral RNA copy number, plaque forming units and intracellular viral load. At the same time down regulation also resulted in increased IFN-alpha level. These observations suggest that, elevated levels of Hsp60 expression in virally infected cells may help in viral multiplication and could be possible therapeutic targets for the management of dengue virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Padwad
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
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45
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Chen J, Zhao L, Jiang L, Meng E, Zhang Y, Xiong X, Liang S. Transcriptome analysis revealed novel possible venom components and cellular processes of the tarantula Chilobrachys jingzhao venom gland. Toxicon 2008; 52:794-806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2008.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2008] [Revised: 08/03/2008] [Accepted: 08/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Ko JA, Yanai R, Quan WY, Morishige N, Nishida T. Up-regulation of HSP70 by the fibronectin-derived peptide PHSRN in human corneal epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 370:424-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kim JJ, Mandelli L, Lim S, Lim HK, Kwon OJ, Pae CU, Serretti A, Nimgaonkar VL, Paik IH, Jun TY. Association analysis of heat shock protein 70 gene polymorphisms in schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2008; 258:239-44. [PMID: 18299791 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-007-0791-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 11/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a promising candidate gene in schizophrenia as they are believed to play a protective role in the central nervous system. An alteration in the titers of antibodies to the HSPs in schizophrenia patients has been suggested. Association between the three polymorphisms of HSP70-1 (HSPA1A), HSP70-hom (HSPA1L) and HSP70-2 (HSPA1B) and schizophrenia has been reported. Therefore, this study investigated the association between an enlarged set of SNPs at HSP70 gene and schizophrenia. METHODS Two hundred and ninety-four patients with schizophrenia and 287 controls were enrolled in the study. Genotypings of 5 SNPs of HSP70 were performed using pyrosequencing method. Haploview 3.2 was used to generate a linkage disequilibrium map and to test for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Single locus and haplotype-based associations were tested. Tests for associations using and multi-marker haplotypes were performed by using a COCAPHASE v2.403. Association of SNP markers and clinical variables were analyzed by analysis of variance. RESULTS Significant association was detected at rs2075799 (allele A, X2 = 8.03, df = 1, P = 0.0046), but not at rs2227956 (P = 0.28), rs1043618 (P = 0.88), rs562047 (P = 0.47) or rs539689 (P = 0.32). In fact, the rs2075799*G/A genotype was more represented in patients with schizophrenia than in controls (X2 = 8.23, df= 1, P = 0.0041). Haplotype based associations were also detected (global P value 0.000003); the T-A-C-C-G haplotype was more prevalent among the patients (odds ratio, OR 5.95). Sliding windows analysis revealed a major contribution from rs2227956 and rs2075799 (global-P value 0.0075), with T-A haplotype significantly associated with schizophrenia. There was no evidence of an association between the clinical variables and schizophrenia across the genotypes. CONCLUSION Our results raise the possibility that HSP70 gene (i.e., haplotypes of rs2075799) might be implicated in the development of schizophrenia, although limited by rare haplotypic association with the disease. Hence further studies from different ethnics should be performed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Kangnam St Mary's Hospital, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
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48
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Koul S, Huang M, Bhat S, Maroni P, Meacham RB, Koul HK. Oxalate exposure provokes HSP 70 response in LLC-PK1 cells, a line of renal epithelial cells: protective role of HSP 70 against oxalate toxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 36:1-10. [PMID: 18172632 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-007-0130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2007] [Accepted: 10/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of oxalate on immediate early genes (IEGs) and stress protein HSP 70, commonly induced genes in response to a variety of stresses. LLC-PK1 cells were exposed to oxalate. Gene transcription and translation were monitored by Northern and Western blot analysis. RNA and DNA synthesis were assessed by [(3)H]-uridine and [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation, respectively. Oxalate exposure selectively increased the levels of mRNA encoding IEGs c-myc and c-jun as well as stress protein HSP 70. While expression of c-myc and c-jun was rapid (within 15 min to 2 h) and transient, HSP 70 expression was delayed (approximately 8 h) and stable. Furthermore, oxalate exposure resulted in delayed induction of generalized transcription by 18 h and reinitiation of the DNA synthesis by 24 h of oxalate exposure. Moreover, we show that prior induction of HSP 70 by mild hypertonic exposure protected the cells from oxalate toxicity. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study to demonstrate rapid IEG response and delayed heat-shock response to oxalate toxicity and protective role of HSP 70 against oxalate toxicity to renal epithelial cells. Oxalate, a metabolic end product, induces IEGs c-myc and c-jun and a delayed HSP 70 expression; While IEG expression may regulate additional genetic responses to oxalate, increased HSP 70 expression would serve an early protective role during oxalate stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweaty Koul
- Signal Transduction and Molecular Urology Laboratory, Program in Urosciences, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, C-319, Denver, CO 80262, USA
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49
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Donnelly A, Blagg BSJ. Novobiocin and additional inhibitors of the Hsp90 C-terminal nucleotide-binding pocket. Curr Med Chem 2008; 15:2702-17. [PMID: 18991631 PMCID: PMC2729083 DOI: 10.2174/092986708786242895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The 90 kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp90), which are integrally involved in cell signaling, proliferation, and survival, are ubiquitously expressed in cells. Many proteins in tumor cells are dependent upon the Hsp90 protein folding machinery for their stability, refolding, and maturation. Inhibition of Hsp90 uniquely targets client proteins associated with all six hallmarks of cancer. Thus, Hsp90 has emerged as a promising target for the treatment of cancer. Hsp90 exists as a homodimer, which contains three domains. The N-terminal domain contains an ATP-binding site that binds the natural products geldanamycin and radicicol. The middle domain is highly charged and has high affinity for co-chaperones and client proteins. Initial studies by Csermely and co-workers suggested a second ATP-binding site in the C-terminus of Hsp90. This C-terminal nucleotide binding pocket has been shown to not only bind ATP, but cisplatin, novobiocin, epilgallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and taxol. The coumarin antibiotics novobiocin, clorobiocin, and coumermycin A1 were isolated from several streptomyces strains and exhibit potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. These compounds bind type II topoisomerases, including DNA gyrase, and inhibit the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of ATP. As a result, novobiocin analogues have garnered the attention of numerous researchers as an attractive agent for the treatment of bacterial infection. Novobiocin was reported to bind weakly to the newly discovered Hsp90 C-terminal ATP binding site ( approximately 700 M in SkBr3 cells) and induce degradation of Hsp90 client proteins. Structural modification of this compound has led to an increase of 1000-fold in activity in anti-proliferative assays. Recent studies of structure-activity relationship (SAR) by Renoir and co-workers highlighted the crucial role of the C-4 and/or C-7 positions of the coumarin and removal of the noviose moiety, which appeared to be essential for degradation of Hsp90 client proteins. Unlike the N-terminal ATP binding site, there is no reported co-crystal structure of Hsp90 C-terminus bound to any inhibitor. The Hsp90 C-terminal domain, however, is known to contain a conserved pentapeptide sequence (MEEVD) which is recognized by co-chaperones. Cisplatin is a platinum-containing chemotherapeutic used to treat various types of cancers, including testicular, ovarian, bladder, and small cell lung cancer. Most notably, cisplatin coordinates to DNA bases, resulting in cross-linked DNA, which prohibits rapidly dividing cells from duplicating DNA for mitosis. Itoh and co-workers reported that cisplatin decreases the chaperone activity of Hsp90. This group applied bovine brain cytosol to a cisplatin affinity column, eluted with cisplatin and detected Hsp90 in the eluent. Subsequent experiments indicated that cisplatin exhibits high affinity for Hsp90. Moreover Csermely and co-workers determined that the cisplatin binding site is located proximal to the C-terminal ATP binding site. EGCG is one of the active ingredients found in green tea. EGCG is known to inhibit the activity of many Hsp90-dependent client proteins, including telomerase, several kinases, and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Recently Gasiewicz and co-workers reported that EGCG manifests its antagonistic activity against AhR through binding Hsp90. Similar to novobiocin, EGCG was shown to bind the C-terminus of Hsp90. Unlike previously identified N-terminal Hsp90 inhibitors, EGCG does not appear to prevent Hsp90 from forming multiprotein complexes. Studies are currently underway to determine whether EGCG competes with novobiocin or cisplatin binding. Taxol, a well-known drug for the treatment of cancer, is responsible for the stabilization of microtubules and the inhibition of mitosis. Previous studies have shown that taxol induces the activation of kinases and transcription factors, and mimics the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an attribute unrelated to its tubulin-binding properties. Rosen and co-workers prepared a biotinylated taxol derivative and performed affinity chromatography experiments with lysates from both mouse brain and macrophage cell lines. These studies led to identification of two chaperones, Hsp70 and Hsp90, by mass spectrometry. In contrast to typical Hsp90-binding drugs, taxol exhibits a stimulatory response. Recently it was reported that the geldanamycin derivative 17-AAG behaves synergistically with taxol-induced apoptosis. This review describes the different C-terminal inhibitors of Hsp90, with specific emphasis on structure-activity relationship studies of novobiocin and their effects on anti-proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Donnelly
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott 4070, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7563, USA
| | - Brian S. J. Blagg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott 4070, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7563, USA
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50
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González-Riopedre M, Novás A, Dobaño E, Ramos-Martínez JI, Barcia R. Effect of thermal stress on protein expression in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lmk. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2007; 147:531-40. [PMID: 17462933 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2007.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2006] [Revised: 02/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The exposure of organisms to stressing agents may affect the level and pattern of protein expression. Certain proteins with an important role in protein homeostasis and in the tolerance to stress, known as stress proteins, are especially affected. Different tissues and cells show a range of sensitivities to stress, depending on the habitat to which organisms have adapted. The response of different tissues and cells from the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lmk. to heat shock has been studied in this work using different exposure times and temperatures. During the assays, protein expression was observed to vary depending on the tissue studied, the temperature or the exposure time used. But maybe the most prominent thing is the different response obtained from the cultured haemocytes and those freshly obtained from stressed mussels, which makes us think that the extraction procedure is the main cause of the response of non-cultured cells, although the haemolymph may contain components that modulate haemocyte response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M González-Riopedre
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus de Lugo, E-27002 Lugo, Spain
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