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Tsuchida R, Nishizawa D, Fukuda KI, Ichinohe T, Kano K, Kurano M, Ikeda K, Sumitani M. Genetic Polymorphisms of ENPP2 Are Possibly Associated with Pain Severity and Opioid Dose Requirements in Patients with Inflammatory Pain Conditions: Clinical Observation Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086986. [PMID: 37108150 PMCID: PMC10139129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autotaxin, encoded by the ENPP2 gene, is a known key element of neuropathic pain; however, its involvement in nociceptive pain processing remains unclear. We explored the associations between postoperative pain intensity, 24-h postoperative opioid dose requirements, and 93 ENNP2-gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 362 healthy patients who underwent cosmetic surgery using the dominant, recessive, and genotypic models. Next, we validated the associations between relevant SNPs on the one hand and pain intensity and daily opioid dosages on the other in 89 patients with cancer-related pain. In this validation study, a Bonferroni correction for multiplicity was applied on all relevant SNPs of the ENPP2 gene and their respective models. In the exploratory study, three models of two SNPs (rs7832704 and rs2249015) were significantly associated with postoperative opioid doses, although the postoperative pain intensity was comparable. In the validation study, the three models of the two SNPs were also significantly associated with cancer pain intensity (p < 0.017). Patients with a minor allele homozygosity complained of more severe pain compared with patients with other genotypes when using comparable daily opioid doses. Our findings might suggest that autotaxin is associated with nociceptive pain processing and the regulation of opioid requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikuhei Tsuchida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Relief Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nishizawa
- Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Kami Kitazawa 2-1-6, Setagayaku, Tokyo 156-0057, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Fukuda
- Department of Oral Health and Clinical Science, Tokyo Dental College, Kanda Misakichou 2-9-18, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ichinohe
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Tokyo Dental College, Kanda Misakichou 2-9-18, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Kano
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Kami Kitazawa 2-1-6, Setagayaku, Tokyo 156-0057, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sumitani
- Department of Pain and Palliative Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Gao Y, Xue M, Dai B, Tang Y, Liu J, Zhao C, Meng H, Yan F, Zhu X, Lu Y, Ge Y. Identification of immune associated potential molecular targets in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:27. [PMID: 36658547 PMCID: PMC9854219 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-02774-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes and causes of blindness in developed countries. Our study was designed to identify immune-related genes involved in the progression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). METHODS The "GSE102485" dataset of neovascular membrane samples (NVMs) from type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus patients was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Functional enrichment analyses, protein-protein interaction network (PPI) construction, and module analysis of immune pathways in NVMs and controls were conducted via Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and Metascape. RESULTS The significantly upregulated hallmark gene sets in DR2 and DR1 groups were involved in five immune pathways. Only CCR4, CXCR6, C3AR1, LPAR1, C5AR1, and P2RY14 were not previously reported in the context of PDR molecular pathophysiology. Except for P2RY14, all of the above were upregulated in retinal samples from experimental diabetes mouse models and human retina microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) treated with high glucose (HG) by quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). CONCLUSION The genes identified herein provide insight into immune-related differential gene expression during DR progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Affilia Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Anhui NO.2 Provincial People’s Hospital, Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Bing Dai
- grid.417028.80000 0004 1799 2608Department of Vascular Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Tang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Affilia Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Affilia Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Changlin Zhao
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Affilia Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Hu Meng
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Affilia Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Feng Yan
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Affilia Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Xiaomin Zhu
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Affilia Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yan Lu
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Affilia Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yirui Ge
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Ophthalmology, Affilia Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
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Drosouni A, Panagopoulou M, Aidinis V, Chatzaki E. Autotaxin in Breast Cancer: Role, Epigenetic Regulation and Clinical Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5437. [PMID: 36358855 PMCID: PMC9658281 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX), the protein product of Ectonucleotide Pyrophosphatase Phosphodiesterase 2 (ENPP2), is a secreted lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) responsible for the extracellular production of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). ATX-LPA pathway signaling participates in several normal biological functions, but it has also been connected to cancer progression, metastasis and inflammatory processes. Significant research has established a role in breast cancer and it has been suggested as a therapeutic target and/or a clinically relevant biomarker. Recently, ENPP2 methylation was described, revealing a potential for clinical exploitation in liquid biopsy. The current review aims to gather the latest findings about aberrant signaling through ATX-LPA in breast cancer and discusses the role of ENPP2 expression and epigenetic modification, giving insights with translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrianna Drosouni
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria Panagopoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Institute of Agri-Food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilis Aidinis
- Institute of BioInnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Ekaterini Chatzaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Institute of Agri-Food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
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4
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Li Q, Qiao W, Hao J, Wei S, Li X, Liu T, Qiu C, Hu W. Potentiation of ASIC currents by lysophosphatidic acid in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. J Neurochem 2022; 163:327-337. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
| | - Wen‐Long Qiao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
| | - Jia‐Wei Hao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
| | - Shuang Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
| | - Xue‐Mei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
| | - Ting‐Ting Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
| | - Chun‐Yu Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
| | - Wang‐Ping Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning Hubei China
- Hubei College of Chinese Medicine Jingzhou Hubei China
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Qiao WL, Li Q, Hao JW, Wei S, Li XM, Liu TT, Qiu CY, Hu WP. Enhancement of P2X3 Receptor-Mediated Currents by Lysophosphatidic Acid in Rat Primary Sensory Neurons. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:928647. [PMID: 35795546 PMCID: PMC9251206 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.928647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid metabolite, plays a role in both neuropathic and inflammatory pain through LPA1 receptors. P2X3 receptor has also been shown to participate in these pathological processes. However, it is still unclear whether there is a link between LPA signaling and P2X3 receptors in pain. Herein, we show that a functional interaction between them in rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. Pretreatment of LPA concentration-dependently enhanced α,β-methylene-ATP (α,β-meATP)-induced inward currents mediated by P2X3 receptors. LPA significantly increased the maximal current response of α,β-meATP, showing an upward shift of the concentration-response curve for α,β-meATP. The LPA enhancement was independent on the clamping-voltage. Enhancement of P2X3 receptor-mediated currents by LPA was prevented by the LPA1 receptor antagonist Ki16198, but not by the LPA2 receptor antagonist H2L5185303. The LPA-induced potentiation was also attenuated by intracellular dialysis of either G-protein inhibitor or protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, but not by Rho inhibitor. Moreover, LPA significantly changed the membrane potential depolarization and action potential burst induced by α,β-meATP in DRG neurons. Finally, LPA exacerbated α,β-meATP- induced nociceptive behaviors in rats. These results suggested that LPA potentiated the functional activity of P2X3 receptors in rat primary sensory neurons through activation of the LPA1 receptor and its downstream PKC rather than Rho signaling pathway, indicating a novel peripheral mechanism underlying the sensitization of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Long Qiao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Jia-Wei Hao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Shuang Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Xue-Mei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Chun-Yu Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Wang-Ping Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- Hubei College of Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wang-Ping Hu,
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Li G, Zheng X, Zhu Y, Long Y, Xia X. Bacillus symbiont drives alterations in intestinal microbiota and circulating metabolites of lepidopteran host. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:4049-4064. [PMID: 35191580 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The symbiotic association between bacterial symbionts and insect hosts is a complicated process that is not completely understood. Herein, we used a silkworm model to study the association between symbiotic Bacillus and lepidopteran insect by investigating the changes in intestinal microbiota and hemolymph circulating metabolites of silkworm after symbiotic Bacillus subtilis treatment. Results showed that B. subtilis can generate a variety of primary and secondary metabolites, such as B vitamins and antimicrobial compounds, to provide micronutrients and enhance the pathogen resistance of their insect host. Shifts in the relative abundance of Enterococcus, Brevibacterium, Buttiauxella, Pseudomonas, Brevundimonas, and Limnobacter had significant correlations with the concentrations of differential metabolites (e.g., phospholipids and certain amino acids) in insect hemolymph. The antimicrobial compounds secreted by B. subtilis were the primary driving force for the reconstruction of intestinal microbiota. Meanwhile, the altered levels of circulating metabolites in multiple metabolic pathways were potential an adaptive mechanism of insect hosts in response to the shifts of intestinal microbiota. Our findings provided concrete evidence that bacterial intestinal symbiont can alter the physiological state of insects and highlighted the importance of the compositional alterations of intestinal microbiota as a source of variation in circulating metabolites of insect hosts. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.,Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Yaohang Long
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Immune Cells and Antibody Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, P.R. China
| | - Xuejuan Xia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Zhang X, Huang T, Lang L, Yu L. Effects of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5 on NLRC4 inflammasome in brain tissues of transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rat. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221078870. [PMID: 35230166 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221078870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore whether LPA5 was involved in the inflammatory responses in CI/R injury by regulation of NLRC4. METHOD The cerebral I/R model in rats was constructed with ischemia of 2h and different time points of reperfusion. After that, western blot was used to determine protein expression (LPA5, NLRC4, AIM2, caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, mature IL-1β, and precursor IL-1β). And LPA5 and NLRC4 expression were also detected by using immunofluorescence experiment. Afterward, two sequence of LPA5-siRNA were injected into rats via intracerebroventricular administration. TTC staining and HE staining were performed. RESULT As the reperfusion time was prolonged, LPA5 content was continuously increased, and the highest expression of NLRC4 was found at 4h of reperfusion. And protein expression of AIM2, cleaved-caspase-1, and mature IL-1β was also at highest level at 4h. And after reperfusion of 4h, LPA5 siRNA1# or 2# was injected into lateral ventricles. LPA5 silence markedly reduced the infract volume and improved the histological change of ischemic zone. And LPA5 silence significantly downregulated NLRC4, AIM2, and the ratio of cleaved-caspase-1/caspase-1 and mature IL-1β/precursor IL-1β. And compared with LPA5-siRNA2#, LPA5-siRNA1# exerted a more significant effect. CONCLUSION Low expression of LPA5 can protect against the inflammatory responses in CI/R model of rats through inhibiting NLRC4 inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laizhou People's Hospital, Laizhou, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Neurology, Laizhou People's Hospital, Laizhou, China
| | - Lubo Lang
- Department of Neurology, Laizhou People's Hospital, Laizhou, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Neurology, 519688Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
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Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals a Complex Impact on Different Metabolic Pathways in Scallop Mimachlamys varia (Linnaeus, 1758) after Short-Term Exposure to Copper at Environmental Dose. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120862. [PMID: 34940620 PMCID: PMC8703567 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ports are a good example of how coastal environments, gathering a set of diverse ecosystems, are subjected to pollution factors coming from human activities both on land and at sea. Among them, trace element as copper represents a major factor. Abundant in port ecosystem, copper is transported by runoff water and results from diverse port features (corrosion of structures, fuel, anti-fouling products, etc.). The variegated scallop Mimachlamys varia is common in the Atlantic port areas and is likely to be directly influenced by copper pollution, due to its sessile and filtering lifestyle. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate the disruption of the variegated scallop metabolism, under a short exposure (48 h) to a copper concentration frequently encountered in the waters of the largest marina in Europe (82 μg/L). For this, we chose a non-targeted metabolomic approach using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS), offering a high level of sensitivity and allowing the study without a priori of the entire metabolome. We described 28 metabolites clearly modulated by copper. They reflected the action of copper on several biological functions such as osmoregulation, oxidative stress, reproduction and energy metabolism.
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Khatiwada S, Delhon G, Chaulagain S, Rock DL. The novel ORFV protein ORFV113 activates LPA-p38 signaling. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009971. [PMID: 34614034 PMCID: PMC8523077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses have evolved mechanisms to subvert critical cellular signaling pathways that regulate a wide range of cellular functions, including cell differentiation, proliferation and chemotaxis, and innate immune responses. Here, we describe a novel ORFV protein, ORFV113, that interacts with the G protein-coupled receptor Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1). Consistent with its interaction with LPA1, ORFV113 enhances p38 kinase phosphorylation in ORFV infected cells in vitro and in vivo, and in cells transiently expressing ORFV113 or treated with soluble ORFV113. Infection of cells with virus lacking ORFV113 (OV-IA82Δ113) significantly decreased p38 phosphorylation and viral plaque size. Infection of cells with ORFV in the presence of a p38 kinase inhibitor markedly diminished ORFV replication, highlighting importance of p38 signaling during ORFV infection. ORFV113 enhancement of p38 activation was prevented in cells in which LPA1 expression was knocked down and in cells treated with LPA1 inhibitor. Infection of sheep with OV-IA82Δ113 led to a strikingly attenuated disease phenotype, indicating that ORFV113 is a major virulence determinant in the natural host. Notably, ORFV113 represents the first viral protein that modulates p38 signaling via interaction with LPA1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Khatiwada
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Gustavo Delhon
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Sabal Chaulagain
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Daniel L. Rock
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
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Desale SE, Chidambaram H, Chinnathambi S. G-protein coupled receptor, PI3K and Rho signaling pathways regulate the cascades of Tau and amyloid-β in Alzheimer's disease. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2021; 2:17. [PMID: 35006431 PMCID: PMC8607389 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00036-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the presence of amyloid-β plaques in the extracellular environment and aggregates of Tau protein that forms neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in neuronal cells. Along with these pathological proteins, the disease shows neuroinflammation, neuronal death, impairment in the immune function of microglia and synaptic loss, which are mediated by several important signaling pathways. The PI3K/Akt-mediated survival-signaling pathway is activated by many receptors such as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor. The signaling pathway not only increases the survival of neurons but also regulates inflammation, phagocytosis, cellular protection, Tau phosphorylation and Aβ secretion as well. In this review, we focused on receptors, which activate PI3K/Akt pathway and its potential to treat Alzheimer's disease. Among several membrane receptors, GPCRs are the major drug targets for therapy, and GPCR signaling pathways are altered during Alzheimer's disease. Several GPCRs are involved in the pathogenic progression, phosphorylation of Tau protein by activation of various cellular kinases and are involved in the amyloidogenic pathway of amyloid-β synthesis. Apart from various GPCR signaling pathways, GPCR regulating/ interacting proteins are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. These include several small GTPases, Ras homolog enriched in brain, GPCR associated sorting proteins, β-arrestins, etc., that play a critical role in disease progression and has been elaborated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Eknath Desale
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Hariharakrishnan Chidambaram
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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Lysophosphatidic Acid Accelerates Bovine In Vitro-Produced Blastocyst Formation through the Hippo/YAP Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115915. [PMID: 34072880 PMCID: PMC8198578 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The segregation of trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass in early embryos is driven primarily by the transcription factor CDX2. The signals that trigger CDX2 activation are, however, less clear. In mouse embryos, the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway is important for the activation of CDX2 expression; it is less clear whether this relationship is conserved in other mammals. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) has been reported to increase YAP levels by inhibiting its degradation. In this study, we cultured bovine embryos in the presence of LPA and examined changes in gene and protein expression. LPA was found to accelerate the onset of blastocyst formation on days 5 and 6, without changing the TE/inner cell mass ratio. We further observed that the expression of TAZ and TEAD4 was up-regulated, and YAP was overexpressed, in LPA-treated day 6 embryos. However, LPA-induced up-regulation of CDX2 expression was only evident in day 8 embryos. Overall, our data suggest that the Hippo signaling pathway is involved in the initiation of bovine blastocyst formation, but does not affect the cell lineage constitution of blastocysts.
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12
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Shi AC, Rohlwink U, Scafidi S, Kannan S. Microglial Metabolism After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury - Overlooked Bystanders or Active Participants? Front Neurol 2021; 11:626999. [PMID: 33569038 PMCID: PMC7868439 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.626999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia play an integral role in brain development but are also crucial for repair and recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI induces an intense innate immune response in the immature, developing brain that is associated with acute and chronic changes in microglial function. These changes contribute to long-lasting consequences on development, neurologic function, and behavior. Although alterations in glucose metabolism are well-described after TBI, the bulk of the data is focused on metabolic alterations in astrocytes and neurons. To date, the interplay between alterations in intracellular metabolic pathways in microglia and the innate immune response in the brain following an injury is not well-studied. In this review, we broadly discuss the microglial responses after TBI. In addition, we highlight reported metabolic alterations in microglia and macrophages, and provide perspective on how changes in glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolism can influence and modulate the microglial phenotype and response to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aria C Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ursula Rohlwink
- Neuroscience Institute and Division of Neurosurgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susanna Scafidi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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13
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Loverde JR, Tolentino RE, Soteropoulos P, Pfister BJ. Biomechanical Forces Regulate Gene Transcription During Stretch-Mediated Growth of Mammalian Neurons. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:600136. [PMID: 33408609 PMCID: PMC7780124 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.600136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
At birth, there are 100 billion neurons in the human brain, with functional neural circuits extending through the spine to the epidermis of the feet and toes. Following birth, limbs and vertebrae continue to grow by several orders of magnitude, forcing established axons to grow by up to 200 cm in length without motile growth cones. The leading regulatory paradigm suggests that biomechanical expansion of mitotic tissue exerts tensile force on integrated nervous tissue, which synchronizes ongoing growth of spanning axons. Here, we identify unique transcriptional changes in embryonic rat DRG and cortical neurons while the corresponding axons undergo physiological levels of controlled mechanical stretch in vitro. Using bioreactors containing cultured neurons, we recapitulated the peak biomechanical increase in embryonic rat crown-rump-length. Biologically paired sham and “stretch-grown” DRG neurons spanned 4.6- and 17.2-mm in length following static or stretch-induced growth conditions, respectively, which was associated with 456 significant changes in gene transcription identified by genome-wide cDNA microarrays. Eight significant genes found in DRG were cross-validated in stretch-grown cortical neurons by qRT-PCR, which included upregulation of Gpat3, Crem, Hmox1, Hpse, Mt1a, Nefm, Sprr1b, and downregulation of Nrep. The results herein establish a link between biomechanics and gene transcription in mammalian neurons, which elucidates the mechanism underlying long-term growth of axons, and provides a basis for new research in therapeutic axon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Loverde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials, and Medicine, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Rosa E Tolentino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials, and Medicine, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Patricia Soteropoulos
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Genomics Center, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Bryan J Pfister
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials, and Medicine, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
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14
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Alolga RN, Opoku-Damoah Y, Alagpulinsa DA, Huang FQ, Ma G, Chavez Leon MASC, Kudzai C, Yin X, Ding Y. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of the anti-rheumatoid arthritis potential of xylopic acid in a bioinspired lipoprotein nanoformulation. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120482. [PMID: 33307367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Xylopic acid (XA), a diterpene kaurene and the major active ingredient of the African spice Xylopia aethiopica (Annonaceae), is reported to possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of XA for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a debilitating autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by joint damage, in the complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis model in rats. We synthesized bioinspired reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) nanoparticles loaded with purified XA crystals (rHDL/XA) that passively accumulate in inflamed joints of CFA-induced arthritic rats. Treatment with rHDL/XA minimized mononuclear cell infiltration of CFA-induced arthritic sites and ameliorated disease burden. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that the major molecular pathways perturbed following CFA-induced arthritis correlated with amino acid and lipid metabolism, which were restored to normal states by rHDL/XA treatment. This work demonstrates the anti-RA potential of XA in a nanoformulation and uncovers its underlying therapeutic mechanisms at the transcript and metabolite levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael N Alolga
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Clinical Metabolomics Center, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yaw Opoku-Damoah
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - David A Alagpulinsa
- Massachusetts General Hospital Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Feng-Qing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Clinical Metabolomics Center, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Gaoxiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Clinical Metabolomics Center, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Maria A S C Chavez Leon
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Clinical Metabolomics Center, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Chifodya Kudzai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Clinical Metabolomics Center, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Clinical Metabolomics Center, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Yang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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15
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Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 5 Plays a Pathogenic Role in Brain Damage after Focal Cerebral Ischemia by Modulating Neuroinflammatory Responses. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061446. [PMID: 32532027 PMCID: PMC7348986 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor-mediated lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling has come to be considered an important event for various diseases. In cerebral ischemia, LPA1 has recently been identified as a receptor subtype that mediates brain injury, but the roles of other LPA receptor subtypes remain unknown. Here, we investigated the potential role of LPA5 as a novel pathogenic factor for cerebral ischemia using a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). LPA5 was upregulated in the ischemic core region after tMCAO challenge, particularly in activated microglia. When TCLPA5, a selective LPA5 antagonist, was given to tMCAO-challenged mice immediately after reperfusion, brain damage, including brain infarction, functional neurological deficit, and neuronal and non-neuronal apoptosis, was reduced in mice. Similarly, delayed TCLPA5 administration (at three hours after reperfusion) reduced brain infarction and neurological deficit. The histological results demonstrated that TCLPA5 administration attenuated microglial activation, as evidenced by the decreased Iba1 immunoreactivities, the number of amoeboid cells, and proliferation in an injured brain. TCLPA5 administration also attenuated the upregulation of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines at mRNA levels in post-ischemic brain, which was also observed in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglia upon LPA5 knockdown. Overall, this study identifies LPA5 as a novel pathogenic factor for cerebral ischemia, further implicating it as a promising target for drug development to treat this disease.
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16
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Xiang H, Lu Y, Shao M, Wu T. Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptors: Biochemical and Clinical Implications in Different Diseases. J Cancer 2020; 11:3519-3535. [PMID: 32284748 PMCID: PMC7150451 DOI: 10.7150/jca.41841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA, 1-acyl-2-hemolytic-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate) extracted from membrane phospholipid is a kind of simple bioactive glycophospholipid, which has many biological functions such as stimulating cell multiplication, cytoskeleton recombination, cell survival, drug-fast, synthesis of DNA and ion transport. Current studies have shown that six G-coupled protein receptors (LPAR1-6) can be activated by LPA. They stimulate a variety of signal transduction pathways through heterotrimeric G-proteins (such as Gα12/13, Gαq/11, Gαi/o and GαS). LPA and its receptors play vital roles in cancers, nervous system diseases, cardiovascular diseases, liver diseases, metabolic diseases, etc. In this article, we discussed the structure of LPA receptors and elucidated their functions in various diseases, in order to better understand them and point out new therapeutic schemes for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiao Xiang
- Center of Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Center of Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingmei Shao
- Center of Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Center of Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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17
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Johnson LR, Battle AR, Martinac B. Remembering Mechanosensitivity of NMDA Receptors. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:533. [PMID: 31866826 PMCID: PMC6906178 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in post-synaptic Ca2+ conductance through activation of the ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and concomitant structural changes are essential for the initiation of long-term potentiation (LTP) and memory formation. Memories can be initiated by coincident events, as occurs in classical conditioning, where the NMDAR can act as a molecular coincidence detector. Binding of glutamate and glycine, together with depolarization of the postsynaptic cell membrane to remove the Mg2+ channel pore block, results in NMDAR opening for Ca2+ conductance. Accumulating evidence has implicated both force-from-lipids and protein tethering mechanisms for mechanosensory transduction in NMDAR, which has been demonstrated by both, membrane stretch and application of amphipathic molecules such as arachidonic acid (AA). The contribution of mechanosensitivity to memory formation and consolidation may be to increase activity of the NMDAR leading to facilitated memory formation. In this review we look back at the progress made toward understanding the physiological and pathological role of NMDA receptor channels in mechanobiology of the nervous system and consider these findings in like of their potential functional implications for memory formation. We examine recent studies identifying mechanisms of both NMDAR and other mechanosensitive channels and discuss functional implications including gain control of NMDA opening probability. Mechanobiology is a rapidly growing area of biology with many important implications for understanding form, function and pathology in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke R Johnson
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Division of Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew R Battle
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Boris Martinac
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
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18
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Zhu L, Zhu J, Guo SW. Homer1/mGluR1-mediated ER stress contributes to lysophosphatidic acid-induced neurotoxicity in cortical neurons. Neurochem Int 2019; 129:104515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Gaire BP, Sapkota A, Song MR, Choi JW. Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA 1) plays critical roles in microglial activation and brain damage after transient focal cerebral ischemia. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:170. [PMID: 31429777 PMCID: PMC6701099 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1555-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1) is in the spotlight because its synthetic antagonist has been under clinical trials for lung fibrosis and psoriasis. Targeting LPA1 might also be a therapeutic strategy for cerebral ischemia because LPA1 triggers microglial activation, a core pathogenesis in cerebral ischemia. Here, we addressed this possibility using a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Methods To address the role of LPA1 in the ischemic brain damage, we used AM095, a selective LPA1 antagonist, as a pharmacological tool and lentivirus bearing a specific LPA1 shRNA as a genetic tool. Brain injury after tMCAO challenge was accessed by determining brain infarction and neurological deficit score. Role of LPA1 in tMCAO-induced microglial activation was ascertained by immunohistochemical analysis. Proinflammatory responses in the ischemic brain were determined by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses, which were validated in vitro using mouse primary microglia. Activation of MAPKs and PI3K/Akt was determined by Western blot analysis. Results AM095 administration immediately after reperfusion attenuated brain damage such as brain infarction and neurological deficit at 1 day after tMCAO, which was reaffirmed by LPA1 shRNA lentivirus. AM095 administration also attenuated brain infarction and neurological deficit at 3 days after tMCAO. LPA1 antagonism attenuated microglial activation; it reduced numbers and soma size of activated microglia, reversed their morphology into less toxic one, and reduced microglial proliferation. Additionally, LPA1 antagonism reduced mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines and suppressed NF-κB activation, demonstrating its regulatory role of proinflammatory responses in the ischemic brain. Particularly, these LPA1-driven proinflammatory responses appeared to occur in activated microglia because NF-κB activation occurred mainly in activated microglia in the ischemic brain. Regulatory role of LPA1 in proinflammatory responses of microglia was further supported by in vitro findings using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cultured microglia, showing that suppressing LPA1 activity reduced mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines. In the ischemic brain, LPA1 influenced PI3K/Akt and MAPKs; suppressing LPA1 activity decreased MAPK activation and increased Akt phosphorylation. Conclusion This study demonstrates that LPA1 is a new etiological factor for cerebral ischemia, strongly indicating that its modulation can be a potential strategy to reduce ischemic brain damage. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-019-1555-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhakta Prasad Gaire
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Arjun Sapkota
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ryoung Song
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Woong Choi
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 406-799, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Lysophosphatidic acid levels in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma samples in patients with major depressive disorder. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01699. [PMID: 31193411 PMCID: PMC6526395 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common psychiatric disorders. However, a biochemical marker has yet to be established for clinical purposes. It is proposed that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA, 1-acyl-2-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoate) plays some important roles in emotional regulation of experimental animals. Therefore, in this study, we measured LPA levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma samples from patients with MDD. The participants were 52 patients and 49 normal healthy controls for CSF study, and 47 patients and 44 controls for plasma study. We used the Japanese version of the GRID Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (17-item version) for the assessment of depressive symptoms. We found no associations between LPA levels (CSF or plasma) and either diagnosis or severity of MDD, or with psychotropic medication. In conclusion, our data suggest that LPA levels likely would not serve as a practical biomarker of MDD.
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21
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Metabolic perturbations after pediatric TBI: It's not just about glucose. Exp Neurol 2019; 316:74-84. [PMID: 30951705 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Improved patient survival following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) has uncovered a currently limited understanding of both the adaptive and maladaptive metabolic perturbations that occur during the acute and long-term phases of recovery. While much is known about the redundancy of metabolic pathways that provide adequate energy and substrates for normal brain growth and development, the field is only beginning to characterize perturbations in these metabolic pathways after pediatric TBI. To date, the majority of studies have focused on dysregulated oxidative glucose metabolism after injury; however, the immature brain is well-equipped to use alternative substrates to fuel energy production, growth, and development. A comprehensive understanding of metabolic changes associated with pediatric TBI cannot be limited to investigations of glucose metabolism alone. All energy substrates used by the brain should be considered in developing nutritional and pharmacological interventions for pediatric head trauma. This review summarizes post-injury changes in brain metabolism of glucose, lipids, ketone bodies, and amino acids with discussion of the therapeutic potential of altering substrate utilization to improve pediatric TBI outcomes.
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22
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Gotoh L, Yamada M, Hattori K, Sasayama D, Noda T, Yoshida S, Kunugi H, Yamada M. Levels of lysophosphatidic acid in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2019; 273:331-335. [PMID: 30682553 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
It is suggested that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) plays a key role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In this study, we measured LPA levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma samples. The participants were 49 patients with schizophrenia and 49 normal healthy controls for CSF study, and 42 patients and 44 controls for plasma study. We found that LPA levels in the patients were not significantly different from those of controls in CSF (controls: 0.189 ± 0.077 µM, patients: 0.175 ± 0.067 µM; P = 0.318) and plasma samples (controls: 0.131 ± 0.067 µM, patients: 0.120 ± 0.075 µM; P = 0.465). On the other hand, CSF levels in medicated patients (0.162 ± 0.061 µM) were significantly lower than those observed in unmedicated patients (0.224 ± 0.067 µM, P = 0.038), suggesting that our findings could be masked by the influence of medication with antipsychotics. Interestingly, we detected significant negative correlation between PANSS scores and plasma LPA levels, especially in males and in unmedicated patients. Our result suggests that LPA levels in CSF and plasma samples would not serve as a diagnostic biomarker, but plasma levels could be used for symptomatic assessment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Gotoh
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Misa Yamada
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Kotaro Hattori
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Daimei Sasayama
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takamasa Noda
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumiko Yoshida
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Yamada
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan.
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23
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Lidgerwood GE, Pitson SM, Bonder C, Pébay A. Roles of lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine-1-phosphate in stem cell biology. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 72:42-54. [PMID: 30196008 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are unique in their ability to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types. Because of these features, stem cells are key to the formation of organisms and play fundamental roles in tissue regeneration and repair. Mechanisms controlling their fate are thus fundamental to the development and homeostasis of tissues and organs. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are bioactive phospholipids that play a wide range of roles in multiple cell types, during developmental and pathophysiological events. Considerable evidence now demonstrates the potent roles of LPA and S1P in the biology of pluripotent and adult stem cells, from maintenance to repair. Here we review their roles for each main category of stem cells and explore how those effects impact development and physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E Lidgerwood
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia; Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stuart M Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Claudine Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alice Pébay
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia; Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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24
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Lidgerwood GE, Morris AJ, Conquest A, Daniszewski M, Rooney LA, Lim SY, Hernández D, Liang HH, Allen P, Connell PP, Guymer RH, Hewitt AW, Pébay A. Role of lysophosphatidic acid in the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:750-761. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Ramesh S, Govindarajulu M, Suppiramaniam V, Moore T, Dhanasekaran M. Autotaxin⁻Lysophosphatidic Acid Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071827. [PMID: 29933579 PMCID: PMC6073975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain contains various forms of lipids that are important for maintaining its structural integrity and regulating various signaling cascades. Autotaxin (ATX) is an ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-2 enzyme that hydrolyzes extracellular lysophospholipids into the lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA is a major bioactive lipid which acts through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and plays an important role in mediating cellular signaling processes. The majority of synthesized LPA is derived from membrane phospholipids through the action of the secreted enzyme ATX. Both ATX and LPA are highly expressed in the central nervous system. Dysfunctional expression and activity of ATX with associated changes in LPA signaling have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This review focuses on the current understanding of LPA signaling, with emphasis on the importance of the autotaxin–lysophosphatidic acid (ATX–LPA) pathway and its alterations in AD and a brief note on future therapeutic applications based on ATX–LPA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Ramesh
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Manoj Govindarajulu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Vishnu Suppiramaniam
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Timothy Moore
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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Nervous system delivery of antilysophosphatidic acid antibody by nasal application attenuates mechanical allodynia after traumatic brain injury in rats. Pain 2018; 158:2181-2188. [PMID: 29028747 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid that impacts neurological outcomes after neurotrauma by inhibiting neuroregeneration, promoting inflammation, and contributing to behavioral deficits. Blocking LPA signaling with a novel anti-LPA monoclonal antibody (mAb) is neuroprotective after traumatic brain injury (TBI) if given to injured animals whose blood-brain barrier (BBB) has been compromised. It is hypothesized that the anti-LPA mAb could improve chronic pain initiated by TBI. However, poor brain penetration after systemic application of the antibody makes access to the central nervous system (CNS) problematic in situations where the BBB is intact. Our experiments investigated whether intranasal delivery of the anti-LPA mAb could bypass the BBB, allowing for direct entry of the antibody to certain areas of the CNS. When the humanized anti-LPA mAb, LT3114, was intranasally applied to injured rats within 30 minutes after mild TBI using the central lateral percussion model, enzyme-linked immunospecific assay and immunohistochemistry demonstrated antibody uptake to several areas in the CNS, including the area of cortical injury, the corpus callosum, cerebellum, and the subventricular region. Compared with control rats that received LT3114 but no TBI, TBI rats demonstrated significantly higher concentrations of intranasally administered LT3114 antibody in some tissues. In behavioral studies, a significant attenuation of mechanical allodynia after TBI was observed in the anti-LPA treatment group (P = 0.0079), when compared with vehicle controls within 14 days after TBI. These results suggest that intranasal application of the anti-LPA antibody directly accesses CNS sites involved in TBI-related pain and that this access attenuates pain sequelae to the neurotrauma.
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Frisca F, Colquhoun D, Goldshmit Y, Änkö ML, Pébay A, Kaslin J. Role of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 in the midline axis formation of zebrafish. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37678. [PMID: 27883058 PMCID: PMC5121889 DOI: 10.1038/srep37678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a unique bioactive lysophospholipid that induces pleiotropic effects in various cell types and organisms by acting on its specific receptors. LPA is mainly synthetised extracellularly by the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2/autotaxin (enpp2). Altered LPA signalling is associated with embryonic abnormalities, suggesting critical roles for LPA during development. However, the role of LPA signalling during early embryogenesis is not well established. We demonstrate that enpp2/LPA signalling in the early zebrafish embryo results in altered axis and midline formation, defects in left right (L-R) patterning, ciliogenesis of the Kupffer’s vesicle (KV), through the modulation of cell migration during gastrulation in a lpar1–3 Rho/ROCK-dependant manner. Overall, this study demonstrates an essential role of enpp2/LPA signalling during early embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frisca Frisca
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Building 75, Monash University, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital &Ophthalmology, the University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Australia
| | - Daniel Colquhoun
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Building 75, Monash University, Australia
| | - Yona Goldshmit
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Building 75, Monash University, Australia.,Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Minna-Liisa Änkö
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Australia
| | - Alice Pébay
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital &Ophthalmology, the University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, Australia
| | - Jan Kaslin
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Building 75, Monash University, Australia
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Velasco M, O'Sullivan C, Sheridan GK. Lysophosphatidic acid receptors (LPARs): Potential targets for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Neuropharmacology 2016; 113:608-617. [PMID: 27059127 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain can arise from lesions to peripheral or central nerve fibres leading to spontaneous action potential generation and a lowering of the nociceptive threshold. Clinically, neuropathic pain can manifest in many chronic disease states such as cancer, diabetes or multiple sclerosis (MS). The bioactive lipid, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), via activation of its receptors (LPARs), is thought to play a central role in both triggering and maintaining neuropathic pain. In particular, following an acute nerve injury, the excitatory neurotransmitters glutamate and substance P are released from primary afferent neurons leading to upregulated synthesis of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), the precursor for LPA production. LPC is converted to LPA by autotaxin (ATX), which can then activate macrophages/microglia and modulate neuronal functioning. A ubiquitous feature of animal models of neuropathic pain is demyelination of damaged nerves. It is thought that LPA contributes to demyelination through several different mechanisms. Firstly, high levels of LPA are produced following macrophage/microglial activation that triggers a self-sustaining feed-forward loop of de novo LPA synthesis. Secondly, macrophage/microglial activation contributes to inflammation-mediated demyelination of axons, thus initiating neuropathic pain. Therefore, targeting LPA production and/or the family of LPA-activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) may prove to be fruitful clinical approaches to treating demyelination and the accompanying neuropathic pain. This review discusses our current understanding of the role of LPA/LPAR signalling in the initiation of neuropathic pain and suggests potential targeted strategies for its treatment. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Lipid Sensing G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the CNS'.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Velasco
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | | | - Graham K Sheridan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK.
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Parimisetty A, Dorsemans AC, Awada R, Ravanan P, Diotel N, Lefebvre d’Hellencourt C. Secret talk between adipose tissue and central nervous system via secreted factors-an emerging frontier in the neurodegenerative research. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:67. [PMID: 27012931 PMCID: PMC4806498 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0530-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
First seen as a storage organ, the white adipose tissue (WAT) is now considered as an endocrine organ. WAT can produce an array of bioactive factors known as adipokines acting at physiological level and playing a vital role in energy metabolism as well as in immune response. The global effect of adipokines in metabolic activities is well established, but their impact on the physiology and the pathophysiology of the central nervous system (CNS) remains poorly defined. Adipokines are not only produced by the WAT but can also be expressed in the CNS where receptors for these factors are present. When produced in periphery and to affect the CNS, these factors may either cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) or modify the BBB physiology by acting on cells forming the BBB. Adipokines could regulate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress which are two major physiological processes involved in neurodegeneration and are associated with many chronic neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on four important adipokines (leptin, resistin, adiponectin, and TNFα) and one lipokine (lysophosphatidic acid-LPA) associated with autotaxin, its producing enzyme. Their potential effects on neurodegeneration and brain repair (neurogenesis) will be discussed. Understanding and regulating these adipokines could be an interesting lead to novel therapeutic strategy in order to counteract neurodegenerative disorders and/or promote brain repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Parimisetty
- />Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
- />Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
| | - Anne-Claire Dorsemans
- />Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
- />Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
| | - Rana Awada
- />Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Palaniyandi Ravanan
- />Apoptosis and Cell Death Research Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore, India
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- />Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
- />Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
| | - Christian Lefebvre d’Hellencourt
- />Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
- />Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
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Activation of Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Type 1 Contributes to Pathophysiology of Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurosci 2015; 35:10224-35. [PMID: 26180199 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4703-14.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an extracellular lipid mediator involved in many physiological functions that signals through six known G-protein-coupled receptors (LPA1-LPA6). A wide range of LPA effects have been identified in the CNS, including neural progenitor cell physiology, astrocyte and microglia activation, neuronal cell death, axonal retraction, and development of neuropathic pain. However, little is known about the involvement of LPA in CNS pathologies. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time that LPA signaling via LPA1 contributes to secondary damage after spinal cord injury. LPA levels increase in the contused spinal cord parenchyma during the first 14 d. To model this potential contribution of LPA in the spinal cord, we injected LPA into the normal spinal cord, revealing that LPA induces microglia/macrophage activation and demyelination. Use of a selective LPA1 antagonist or mice lacking LPA1 linked receptor-mediated signaling to demyelination, which was in part mediated by microglia. Finally, we demonstrate that selective blockade of LPA1 after spinal cord injury results in reduced demyelination and improvement in locomotor recovery. Overall, these results support LPA-LPA1 signaling as a novel pathway that contributes to secondary damage after spinal cord contusion in mice and suggest that LPA1 antagonism might be useful for the treatment of acute spinal cord injury. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study reveals that LPA signaling via LPA receptor type 1 activation causes demyelination and functional deficits after spinal cord injury.
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Ng W, Pébay A, Drummond K, Burgess A, Kaye AH, Morokoff A. Complexities of lysophospholipid signalling in glioblastoma. J Clin Neurosci 2014; 21:893-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Crack PJ, Zhang M, Morganti-Kossmann MC, Morris AJ, Wojciak JM, Fleming JK, Karve I, Wright D, Sashindranath M, Goldshmit Y, Conquest A, Daglas M, Johnston LA, Medcalf RL, Sabbadini RA, Pébay A. Anti-lysophosphatidic acid antibodies improve traumatic brain injury outcomes. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:37. [PMID: 24576351 PMCID: PMC3996049 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid with a potentially causative role in neurotrauma. Blocking LPA signaling with the LPA-directed monoclonal antibody B3/Lpathomab is neuroprotective in the mouse spinal cord following injury. Findings Here we investigated the use of this agent in treatment of secondary brain damage consequent to traumatic brain injury (TBI). LPA was elevated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with TBI compared to controls. LPA levels were also elevated in a mouse controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI and B3 significantly reduced lesion volume by both histological and MRI assessments. Diminished tissue damage coincided with lower brain IL-6 levels and improvement in functional outcomes. Conclusions This study presents a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of TBI by blocking extracellular LPA signaling to minimize secondary brain damage and neurological dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Crack
- Department of Pharmacology, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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Wang J, Sibrian-Vazquez M, Escobedo JO, Lowry M, Wang L, Chu YH, Moore RG, Strongin RM. Simple enrichment and analysis of plasma lysophosphatidic acids. Analyst 2013; 138:6852-9. [PMID: 24067566 PMCID: PMC3929374 DOI: 10.1039/c3an01168b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A simple and highly efficient technique for the analysis of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) subspecies in human plasma is described. The streamlined sample preparation protocol furnishes the five major LPA subspecies with excellent recoveries. Extensive analysis of the enriched sample reveals only trace levels of other phospholipids. This level of purity not only improves MS analyses, but enables HPLC post-column detection in the visible region with a commercially available fluorescent phospholipids probe. Human plasma samples from different donors were analyzed using the above method and validated by LC-ESI/MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.; Fax: +1 503-725-9525; Tel: +1 503-725-9724
| | - Martha Sibrian-Vazquez
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.; Fax: +1 503-725-9525; Tel: +1 503-725-9724
| | - Jorge O. Escobedo
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.; Fax: +1 503-725-9525; Tel: +1 503-725-9724
| | - Mark Lowry
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.; Fax: +1 503-725-9525; Tel: +1 503-725-9724
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.; Fax: +1 503-725-9525; Tel: +1 503-725-9724
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.; Fax: +1 503-725-9525; Tel: +1 503-725-9724
| | - Richard G. Moore
- Women and Infants Hospital, Brown University, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA.; Tel: +1 401-453-7520
| | - Robert M. Strongin
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.; Fax: +1 503-725-9525; Tel: +1 503-725-9724
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Frisca F, Crombie DE, Dottori M, Goldshmit Y, Pébay A. Rho/ROCK pathway is essential to the expansion, differentiation, and morphological rearrangements of human neural stem/progenitor cells induced by lysophosphatidic acid. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:1192-206. [PMID: 23463731 PMCID: PMC3622317 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m032284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) inhibits the neuronal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESC). We extended these studies by analyzing LPA's effects on the expansion of neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PC) derived from hESCs and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), and we assessed whether data obtained on the neural differentiation of hESCs were relevant to iPSCs. We showed that hESCs and iPSCs exhibited comparable mRNA expression profiles of LPA receptors and producing enzymes upon neural differentiation. We demonstrated that LPA inhibited the expansion of NS/PCs of both origins, mainly by increased apoptosis in a Rho/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK)-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, LPA inhibited the neuronal differentiation of iPSCs. Lastly, LPA induced neurite retraction of NS/PC-derived early neurons through Rho/ROCK, which was accompanied by myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation. Our data demonstrate the consistency of LPA effects across various sources of human NS/PCs, rendering hESCs and iPSCs valuable models for studying lysophospholipid signaling in human neural cells. Our data also highlight the importance of the Rho/ROCK pathway in human NS/PCs. As LPA levels are increased in the central nervous system (CNS) following injury, LPA-mediated effects on NS/PCs and early neurons could contribute to the poor neurogenesis observed in the CNS following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frisca Frisca
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne VIC, Australia
| | - Duncan E. Crombie
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne VIC, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research, Australia & Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne VIC, Australia
| | - Mirella Dottori
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC, Australia; and
| | - Yona Goldshmit
- Centre for Eye Research, Australia & Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne VIC, Australia
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Alice Pébay
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne VIC, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research, Australia & Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne VIC, Australia
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Valiyaveettil M, Alamneh Y, Wang Y, Arun P, Oguntayo S, Wei Y, Long JB, Nambiar MP. Contribution of systemic factors in the pathophysiology of repeated blast-induced neurotrauma. Neurosci Lett 2013; 539:1-6. [PMID: 23370286 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Revised: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Blast-induced traumatic brain injury is complex and involves multiple factors including systemic pathophysiological factors in addition to direct brain injuries. We hypothesize that systemic activation of platelets/leukocytes plays a major role in the development and exacerbation of brain injury after blast exposure. A mouse model of repeated blast exposure that results in significant neuropathology, neurobehavioral changes and regional specific alterations in various biomolecules in the brain was used for the proposed study. Activation of platelets was evaluated by flow cytometry and serotonin content was analyzed by ELISA. Expression of myeloperoxidase was analyzed by Western blotting. Histopathology of the brain was used to assess blast-induced cerebral vasoconstriction. The data showed an increase in the activation of platelets at 4h after repeated blast exposures, indicating changes in platelet phenotype in blast neurotrauma. Platelet serotonin concentration showed a significant decrease at 4h after blast with a concurrent increase in the plasma serotonin levels, confirming the early onset of platelet activation after repeated blast exposures. Blood, plasma and brain myeloperoxidase enzyme activity and expression was increased in repeated blast exposed mice at multiple time points. Histopathological analysis of the brains of blast exposed mice showed constriction of blood vessels compared to the respective controls, a phenomenon similar to the reported cerebral vasoconstriction in blast affected victims. These results suggest that repeated blast exposure leads to acute activation of platelets/leukocytes which can augment the pathological effects of brain injury. Platelet/leukocyte targeted therapies can be evaluated as potential acute treatment strategies to mitigate blast-induced neurotrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manojkumar Valiyaveettil
- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
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Goldshmit Y, Matteo R, Sztal T, Ellett F, Frisca F, Moreno K, Crombie D, Lieschke GJ, Currie PD, Sabbadini RA, Pébay A. Blockage of lysophosphatidic acid signaling improves spinal cord injury outcomes. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 181:978-92. [PMID: 22819724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests a proinflammatory role of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in various pathologic abnormalities, including in the central nervous system. Herein, we describe LPA as an important mediator of inflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI) in zebrafish and mice. Furthermore, we describe a novel monoclonal blocking antibody raised against LPA that potently inhibits LPA's effect in vitro and in vivo. This antibody, B3, specifically binds LPA, prevents it from interacting with its complement of receptors, and blocks LPA's effects on the neuronal differentiation of human neural stem/progenitor cells, demonstrating its specificity toward LPA signaling. When administered systemically to mice subjected to SCI, B3 substantially reduced glial inflammation and neuronal death. B3-treated animals demonstrated significantly more neuronal survival upstream of the lesion site, with some functional improvement. This study describes the use of anti-LPA monoclonal antibody as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of SCI.
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