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Naraki K, Keshavarzi M, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H. The Protective Effects of Taurine, a Non-essential Amino Acid, Against Metals Toxicities: A Review Article. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04191-8. [PMID: 38735894 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04191-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Taurine is a non-proteinogenic amino acid derived from cysteine. It is involved in several phenomena such as the regulation of growth and differentiation, osmoregulation, neurohormonal modulation, and lipid metabolism. Taurine is important because of its high levels in several tissues such as the central nervous system (CNS), heart, skeletal muscles, retinal membranes, and platelets. In this report, we present the functional properties of taurine indicating that it has potential effects on various metal toxicities. Therefore, a comprehensive literature review was performed using the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. According to the search keywords, 61 articles were included in the study. The results indicate that taurine protects tissues against metal toxicity through enhancement of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity, modulation of oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, involvement in different molecular pathways, and interference with the activity of various enzymes. Taken together, taurine is a natural supplement that presents antitoxic effects against many types of compounds, especially metals, suggesting public consumption of this amino acid as a prophylactic agent against the incidence of metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Naraki
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Keshavarzi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bibi Marjan Razavi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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Docampo R. Advances in the cellular biology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of acidocalcisomes. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2024; 88:e0004223. [PMID: 38099688 PMCID: PMC10966946 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00042-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYAcidocalcisomes are organelles conserved during evolution and closely related to the so-called volutin granules of bacteria and archaea, to the acidocalcisome-like vacuoles of yeasts, and to the lysosome-related organelles of animal species. All these organelles have in common their acidity and high content of polyphosphate and calcium. They are characterized by a variety of functions from storage of phosphorus and calcium to roles in Ca2+ signaling, osmoregulation, blood coagulation, and inflammation. They interact with other organelles through membrane contact sites or by fusion, and have several enzymes, pumps, transporters, and channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Docampo
- Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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3
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Fang W, Yang M, Liu M, Jin Y, Wang Y, Yang R, Wang Y, Zhang K, Fu Q. Review on Additives in Hydrogels for 3D Bioprinting of Regenerative Medicine: From Mechanism to Methodology. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1700. [PMID: 37376148 PMCID: PMC10302687 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The regeneration of biological tissues in medicine is challenging, and 3D bioprinting offers an innovative way to create functional multicellular tissues. One common way in bioprinting is bioink, which is one type of the cell-loaded hydrogel. For clinical application, however, the bioprinting still suffers from satisfactory performance, e.g., in vascularization, effective antibacterial, immunomodulation, and regulation of collagen deposition. Many studies incorporated different bioactive materials into the 3D-printed scaffolds to optimize the bioprinting. Here, we reviewed a variety of additives added to the 3D bioprinting hydrogel. The underlying mechanisms and methodology for biological regeneration are important and will provide a useful basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kaile Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (W.F.); (M.Y.)
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 600 Yi-Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (W.F.); (M.Y.)
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4
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Lipid-Based Molecules on Signaling Pathways in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179803. [PMID: 36077195 PMCID: PMC9456412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The signaling pathways associated with lipid metabolism contribute to the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and provide insights for devising new therapeutic strategies. Prostaglandin E2 is a membrane-derived lipid molecule that contributes to developing ASD associated with canonical Wnt signaling. Cyclooxygenase-2 plays a key role in neuroinflammation and is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental diseases, such as ASD. The endocannabinoid system maintains a balance between inflammatory and redox status and synaptic plasticity and is a potential target for ASD pathophysiology. Redox signaling refers to specific and usually reversible oxidation–reduction reactions, some of which are also involved in pathways accounting for the abnormal behavior observed in ASD. Redox signaling and redox status-sensitive transcription factors contribute to the pathophysiology of ASD. Cannabinoids regulate the redox balance by altering the levels and activity of antioxidant molecules via ROS-producing NADPH oxidase (NOX) and ROS-scavenging superoxide dismutase enzymes. These signaling cascades integrate a broad range of neurodevelopmental processes that may be involved in the pathophysiology of ASD. Based on these pathways, we highlight putative targets that may be used for devising novel therapeutic interventions for ASD.
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Uhlemann EME, Yu CH, Patry J, Dolgova N, Lutsenko S, Muyldermans S, Dmitriev OY. Nanobodies against the metal binding domains of ATP7B as tools to study copper transport in the cell. Metallomics 2020; 12:1941-1950. [PMID: 33094790 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00191k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanobodies are genetically engineered single domain antibodies derived from the unusual heavy-chain only antibodies found in llamas and camels. The small size of the nanobodies and flexible selection schemes make them uniquely versatile tools for protein biochemistry and cell biology. We have developed a panel of nanobodies against the metal binding domains of the human copper transporter ATP7B, a multidomain membrane protein with a complex regulation of enzymatic activity and intracellular localization. To enable the use of the nanobodies as tools to investigate copper transport in the cell, we characterized their binding sites and affinity by isothermal titration calorimetry and NMR. We have identified nanobodies against each of the first four metal binding domains of ATP7B, with a wide affinity range, as evidenced by dissociation constants from below 10-9 to 10-6 M. We found both the inhibitory and activating nanobodies among those tested. The diverse properties of the nanobodies make the panel useful for the structural studies of ATP7B, immunoaffinity purification of the protein, modulation of its activity in the cell, protein dynamics studies, and as mimics of copper chaperone ATOX1, the natural interaction partner of ATP7B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria E Uhlemann
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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6
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Luo J, Hao S, Zhao L, Shi F, Ye G, He C, Lin J, Zhang W, Liang H, Wang X, Guo H, He R, Tang H, Li Y. Oral exposure of pregnant rats to copper nanoparticles caused nutritional imbalance and liver dysfunction in fetus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111206. [PMID: 32889309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) are increasingly used as an animal feed additive in China. In previous studies, it was determined that Cu NPs can penetrate the placental barrier, however, its toxic effects on the fetus have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the potential fetal toxic effects of Cu NPs. Cu NPs were orally administered to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats from gestation days (GDs) 3-18 at a dose of 60, 120, and 180 mg/kg/day. Cesarean sections were conducted on GD 19. During fetal examination, no toxicities were observed regarding general clinical signs, however, Cu NPs significantly decreased fetal body weight, body length, and liver weights. Cu ions and Cu MPs exhibited similar effects on the fetal development. Cu NPs increased the liver concentration of Cu, and decreased protein levels and Fe in fetuses. Cu NPs also increased oxidative stress and inflammation in the fetus after pregnant rats were exposed to high doses of Cu NPs. Oral exposure to Cu NPs during pregnancy increased Cu concentrations in the fetus, which not only affected fetal development, but also significantly induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in fetal liver. Taken together, these findings are valuable to evaluate fetal risk assessment after oral exposure of Cu NPs during pregnancy. Additional comprehensive toxicity studies are deemed necessary to clarify the underlying mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; National Ethnic Affairs Commission Key Open Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Tongren Polytechnic College, Tongren, 554300, China
| | - Suqi Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Fei Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Gang Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Changliang He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Juchun Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hao Liang
- National Ethnic Affairs Commission Key Open Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Tongren Polytechnic College, Tongren, 554300, China
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Animal Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hongrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ran He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Yinglun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Lukanović D, Herzog M, Kobal B, Černe K. The contribution of copper efflux transporters ATP7A and ATP7B to chemoresistance and personalized medicine in ovarian cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Effects of Dietary Glucose and Fructose on Copper, Iron, and Zinc Metabolism Parameters in Humans. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092581. [PMID: 32854403 PMCID: PMC7551875 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations of transition metal levels have been associated with obesity, hepatic steatosis, and metabolic syndrome in humans. Studies in animals indicate an association between dietary sugars and copper metabolism. Our group has conducted a study in which young adults consumed beverages sweetened with glucose, fructose, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), or aspartame for two weeks and has reported that consumption of both fructose- and HFCS-sweetened beverages increased cardiovascular disease risk factors. Baseline and intervention serum samples from 107 participants of this study were measured for copper metabolism (copper, ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity, ceruloplasmin protein), zinc levels, and iron metabolism (iron, ferritin, and transferrin) parameters. Fructose and/or glucose consumption were associated with decreased ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity and serum copper and zinc concentrations. Ceruloplasmin protein levels did not change in response to intervention. The changes in copper concentrations were correlated with zinc, but not with iron. The decreases in copper, ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity, ferritin, and transferrin were inversely associated with the increases in metabolic risk factors associated with sugar consumption, specifically, apolipoprotein CIII, triglycerides, or post-meal glucose, insulin, and lactate responses. These findings are the first evidence that consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages can alter clinical parameters of transition metal metabolism in healthy subjects.
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Altarelli M, Ben-Hamouda N, Schneider A, Berger MM. Copper Deficiency: Causes, Manifestations, and Treatment. Nutr Clin Pract 2019; 34:504-513. [PMID: 31209935 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolism of the essential trace element copper remains incompletely understood and, until recently, nearly ignored in acute medicine. Menkes disease was for long the only known copper deficiency condition, but several case reports and investigations conducted over the last 2 decades have shown that deficiency is more frequent than previously suspected, with devastating individual consequences and potential public health consequences. The copper needs in healthy individuals are 0.9 mg/d, which translates to 0.3 mg/d intravenously in parenteral nutrition; the present review aims at gathering actual knowledge. METHOD AND RESULTS A review of literature was conducted in PubMed and Cochrane systematic reviews to identify the most recent information about copper deficiency and generate a narrative review. Copper deficiency has hereditary and acquired origins, the latter being the most frequent. Clinical manifestations are nonspecific but affect all organs and systems, particularly the hematologic (anemia) and the neurologic (myeloneuropathy) systems. Deficiency also affects the cardiovascular, cutaneous, and immune systems. Severe copper deficiency due to reduced absorption after bariatric bypass surgery has become frequent. CONCLUSION Deficiency is more frequent than previously recognized, probably because of changing nutrition patterns but also because of some treatments that have become very common such as bypass bariatric surgery and, in acute medicine, prolonged continuous renal replacement therapy. The patients may present with severe hematologic and neurologic complications that go untreated because copper deficiency was not considered in the differential diagnosis: These complications often need active intravenous repletion with doses 4-8 times the usual nutrition recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Altarelli
- Adult Intensive Care and Burn Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nawfel Ben-Hamouda
- Adult Intensive Care and Burn Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Schneider
- Adult Intensive Care and Burn Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mette M Berger
- Adult Intensive Care and Burn Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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11
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Tadini-Buoninsegni F, Sordi G, Smeazzetto S, Natile G, Arnesano F. Effect of cisplatin on the transport activity of P II-type ATPases. Metallomics 2018. [PMID: 28636017 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00100b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichlorido-Pt(ii)) is extensively used as a chemotherapeutic agent against various types of tumors. However, cisplatin administration causes serious side effects, including nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity and neurotoxicity. It has been shown that cisplatin can interact with P-type ATPases, e.g., Cu+-ATPases (ATP7A and ATP7B) and Na+,K+-ATPase. Cisplatin-induced inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase has been related to the nephrotoxic effect of the drug. To investigate the inhibitory effects of cisplatin on the pumping activity of PII-type ATPases, electrical measurements were performed on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) and Na+,K+-ATPase embedded in vesicles/membrane fragments adsorbed on a solid-supported membrane. We found that cisplatin inhibits SERCA and Na+,K+-ATPase only when administered without a physiological reducing agent (GSH); in contrast, inhibition was also observed in the case of Cu+-ATPases in the presence of 1 mM GSH. Our results indicate that cisplatin is a much stronger inhibitor of SERCA (with an IC50 value of 1.3 μM) than of Na+,K+-ATPase (with an IC50 value of 11.1 μM); moreover, cisplatin inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase is reversible, whereas it is irreversible in the case of SERCA. In the absence of a physiological substrate, while Cu+-ATPases are able to translocate cisplatin, SERCA and Na+,K+-ATPase do not perform ATP-dependent cisplatin displacement.
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12
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Boullata J, Muthukumaran G, Piarulli A, Labarre J, Compher C. Oral copper absorption in men with morbid obesity. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 44:146-150. [PMID: 28965570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Copper deficiency has been reported in patients with severe obesity, both before and after bariatric surgery, the latter at increased rates. However, little is known about the absorption of copper. Because of differences in copper dynamics between men and women in the limited available data, we evaluated copper absorption in men who were candidates for bariatric surgery. All patients gave informed consent, approved by the University of Pennsylvania Institutional Review Board, to participate in a pharmacokinetics study. After a 12-h fast, body composition was measured using air displacement plethysmography and a single oral dose of 4mg copper gluconate was given followed by serial measures of serum copper over 10h. Meals and snacks very low in copper were provided. The seven participants had age 52±8years, BMI 44.87±9.01kg/m2 and fat free mass 77.92±14.45kg. Baseline serum copper was 36.1±19.5μg/dL and ceruloplasmin was 50.86±4.58mg/dL. Peak copper absorption occurred within 1-2h. The AUC for six subjects was 254.6±151.3μg/100mLh. The estimated volume of distribution (1.98±0.36L) was ∼25mL/kg fat free mass. In these severely obese men, copper absorption occurred early in spite of their normal copper status, suggesting no impairment of absorption due to obesity. Further studies of copper absorption after the significant weight loss and possible malabsorption derived from bariatric surgery are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Boullata
- Biobehavioral Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Geetha Muthukumaran
- Biobehavioral Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Amanda Piarulli
- Biobehavioral Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - John Labarre
- Biobehavioral Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Charlene Compher
- Biobehavioral Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Prinz C, Elhensheri M, Rychly J, Neumann HG. Antimicrobial and bone-forming activity of a copper coated implant in a rabbit model. J Biomater Appl 2017; 32:139-149. [PMID: 28599578 DOI: 10.1177/0885328217713356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Current strategies in implant technology are directed to generate bioactive implants that are capable to activate the regenerative potential of the surrounding tissue. On the other hand, implant-related infections are a common problem in orthopaedic trauma patients. To meet both challenges, i.e. to generate a bone implant with regenerative and antimicrobial characteristics, we tested the use of copper coated nails for surgical fixation in a rabbit model. Copper acetate was galvanically deposited with a copper load of 1 µg/mm2 onto a porous oxide layer of Ti6Al4V nails, which were used for the fixation of a tibia fracture, inoculated with bacteria. After implantation of the nail the concentration of copper ions did not increase in blood which indicates that copper released from the implant was locally restricted to the fracture site. After four weeks, analyses of the extracted implants revealed a distinct antimicrobial effect of copper, because copper completely prevented both a weak adhesion and firm attachment of biofilm-forming bacteria on the titanium implant. To evaluate fracture healing, radiographic examination demonstrated an increased callus index in animals with copper coated nails. This result indicates a stimulated bone formation by releasing copper ions. We conclude that the use of implants with a defined load of copper ions enables both prevention of bacterial infection and the stimulation of regenerative processes.
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Hatori Y, Inouye S, Akagi R. Thiol-based copper handling by the copper chaperone Atox1. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:246-254. [PMID: 28294521 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human antioxidant protein 1 (Atox1) plays a crucial role in cellular copper homeostasis. Atox1 captures cytosolic copper for subsequent transfer to copper pumps in trans Golgi network, thereby facilitating copper supply to various copper-dependent oxidereductases matured within the secretory vesicles. Atox1 and other copper chaperones handle cytosolic copper using Cys thiols which are ideal ligands for coordinating Cu(I). Recent studies demonstrated reversible oxidation of these Cys residues in copper chaperones, linking cellular redox state to copper homeostasis. Highlighted in this review are unique redox properties of Atox1 and other copper chaperones. Also, summarized are the redox nodes in the cytosol which potentially play dominant roles in the redox regulation of copper chaperones. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 69(4):246-254, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hatori
- Department of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sachiye Inouye
- Department of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Reiko Akagi
- Department of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
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Ranjan P, Ghosh D, Yarramala DS, Das S, Maji SK, Kumar A. Differential copper binding to alpha-synuclein and its disease-associated mutants affect the aggregation and amyloid formation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:365-374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Yin Z, Balmant K, Geng S, Zhu N, Zhang T, Dufresne C, Dai S, Chen S. Bicarbonate Induced Redox Proteome Changes in Arabidopsis Suspension Cells. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:58. [PMID: 28184230 PMCID: PMC5266719 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change as a result of increasing atmospheric CO2 affects plant growth and productivity. CO2 is not only a carbon donor for photosynthesis but also an environmental signal that can perturb cellular redox homeostasis and lead to modifications of redox-sensitive proteins. Although redox regulation of protein functions has emerged as an important mechanism in several biological processes, protein redox modifications and how they function in plant CO2 response remain unclear. Here a new iodoTMTRAQ proteomics technology was employed to analyze changes in protein redox modifications in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cells in response to bicarbonate (mimic of elevated CO2) in a time-course study. A total of 47 potential redox-regulated proteins were identified with functions in carbohydrate and energy metabolism, transport, ROS scavenging, cell structure modulation and protein turnover. This inventory of previously unknown redox responsive proteins in Arabidopsis bicarbonate responses lays a foundation for future research toward understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying plant CO2 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Yin
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Kelly Balmant
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sisi Geng
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ning Zhu
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tong Zhang
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Shaojun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin, China
- *Correspondence: Shaojun Dai
| | - Sixue Chen
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
- Sixue Chen
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Coordination and redox properties of copper interaction with α-synuclein. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 163:292-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential transition metal providing activity to key enzymes in the human body. To regulate the levels and avoid toxicity, cells have developed elaborate systems for loading these enzymes with Cu. Most Cu-dependent enzymes obtain the metal from the membrane-bound Cu pumps ATP7A/B in the Golgi network. ATP7A/B receives Cu from the cytoplasmic Cu chaperone Atox1 that acts as the cytoplasmic shuttle between the cell membrane Cu importer, Ctr1 and ATP7A/B. Biological, genetic and structural efforts have provided a tremendous amount of information for how the proteins in this pathway work. Nonetheless, basic mechanistic-biophysical questions (such as how and where ATP7A/B receives Cu, how ATP7A/B conformational changes and domain-domain interactions facilitate Cu movement through the membrane, and, finally, how target polypeptides are loaded with Cu in the Golgi) remain elusive. In this perspective, unresolved inquiries regarding ATP7A/B mechanism will be highlighted. The answers are important from a fundamental view, since mechanistic aspects may be common to other metal transport systems, and for medical purposes, since many diseases appear related to Cu transport dysregulation.
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Shen C, Kolanowski JL, Tran CMN, Kaur A, Akerfeldt MC, Rahme MS, Hambley TW, New EJ. A ratiometric fluorescent sensor for the mitochondrial copper pool. Metallomics 2016; 8:915-9. [PMID: 27550322 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00083e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Copper plays a key role in the modulation of cellular function, defence, and growth. Here we present InCCu1, a ratiometric fluorescent sensor for mitochondrial copper, which changes from red to blue emission in the presence of Cu(i). Employing this probe in microscopy and flow cytometry, we show that cisplatin-treated cells have an impaired ability to accumulate copper in the mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Shen
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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20
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The Role of Copper Chaperone Atox1 in Coupling Redox Homeostasis to Intracellular Copper Distribution. Antioxidants (Basel) 2016; 5:antiox5030025. [PMID: 27472369 PMCID: PMC5039574 DOI: 10.3390/antiox5030025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human antioxidant protein 1 (Atox1) is a small cytosolic protein with an essential role in copper homeostasis. Atox1 functions as a copper carrier facilitating copper transfer to the secretory pathway. This process is required for activation of copper dependent enzymes involved in neurotransmitter biosynthesis, iron efflux, neovascularization, wound healing, and regulation of blood pressure. Recently, new cellular roles for Atox1 have emerged. Changing levels of Atox1 were shown to modulate response to cancer therapies, contribute to inflammatory response, and protect cells against various oxidative stresses. It has also become apparent that the activity of Atox1 is tightly linked to the cellular redox status. In this review, we summarize biochemical information related to a dual role of Atox1 as a copper chaperone and an antioxidant. We discuss how these two activities could be linked and contribute to establishing the intracellular copper balance and functional identity of cells during differentiation.
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21
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Linder MC. Ceruloplasmin and other copper binding components of blood plasma and their functions: an update. Metallomics 2016; 8:887-905. [PMID: 27426697 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00103c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We know that blood plasma contains many proteins and also other components that bind copper. The largest contributor to copper in the plasma is ceruloplasmin, which accounts for 40-70 percent. Apart from ceruloplasmin and albumin, most of these components have not been studied extensively, and even for ceruloplasmin and albumin, much remains to be discovered. New components with new functions, and new functions of known components are emerging, some warranting reconsideration of earlier findings. The author's laboratory has been actively involved in research on this topic. This review summarizes and updates our knowledge of the nature and functions of ceruloplasmin and the other known and emerging copper-containing molecules (principally proteins) in this fluid, to better understand how they contribute to copper homeostasis and consider their potential significance to health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Linder
- California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA.
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22
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Synthetic fluorescent probes to map metallostasis and intracellular fate of zinc and copper. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Neuronal differentiation is associated with a redox-regulated increase of copper flow to the secretory pathway. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10640. [PMID: 26879543 PMCID: PMC4757759 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain development requires a fine-tuned copper homoeostasis. Copper deficiency or excess results in severe neuro-pathologies. We demonstrate that upon neuronal differentiation, cellular demand for copper increases, especially within the secretory pathway. Copper flow to this compartment is facilitated through transcriptional and metabolic regulation. Quantitative real-time imaging revealed a gradual change in the oxidation state of cytosolic glutathione upon neuronal differentiation. Transition from a broad range of redox states to a uniformly reducing cytosol facilitates reduction of the copper chaperone Atox1, liberating its metal-binding site. Concomitantly, expression of Atox1 and its partner, a copper transporter ATP7A, is upregulated. These events produce a higher flux of copper through the secretory pathway that balances copper in the cytosol and increases supply of the cofactor to copper-dependent enzymes, expression of which is elevated in differentiated neurons. Direct link between glutathione oxidation and copper compartmentalization allows for rapid metabolic adjustments essential for normal neuronal function.
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24
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Wachsmann J, Peng F. Molecular imaging and therapy targeting copper metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:221-31. [PMID: 26755872 PMCID: PMC4698487 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i1.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Significant efforts have been devoted to identify new biomarkers for molecular imaging and targeted therapy of HCC. Copper is a nutritional metal required for the function of numerous enzymatic molecules in the metabolic pathways of human cells. Emerging evidence suggests that copper plays a role in cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Increased accumulation of copper ions was detected in tissue samples of HCC and many other cancers in humans. Altered copper metabolism is a new biomarker for molecular cancer imaging with position emission tomography (PET) using radioactive copper as a tracer. It has been reported that extrahepatic mouse hepatoma or HCC xenografts can be localized with PET using copper-64 chloride as a tracer, suggesting that copper metabolism is a new biomarker for the detection of HCC metastasis in areas of low physiological copper uptake. In addition to copper modulation therapy with copper chelators, short-interference RNA specific for human copper transporter 1 (hCtr1) may be used to suppress growth of HCC by blocking increased copper uptake mediated by hCtr1. Furthermore, altered copper metabolism is a promising target for radionuclide therapy of HCC using therapeutic copper radionuclides. Copper metabolism has potential as a new theranostic biomarker for molecular imaging as well as targeted therapy of HCC.
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25
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Dmitriev OY, Lutsenko S, Muyldermans S. Nanobodies as Probes for Protein Dynamics in Vitro and in Cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:3767-75. [PMID: 26677230 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r115.679811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanobodies are the recombinant antigen-recognizing domains of the minimalistic heavy chain-only antibodies produced by camels and llamas. Nanobodies can be easily generated, effectively optimized, and variously derivatized with standard molecular biology protocols. These properties have triggered the recent explosion in the nanobody use in basic and clinical research. This review focuses on the emerging use of nanobodies for understanding and monitoring protein dynamics on the scales ranging from isolated protein domains to live cells, from nanoseconds to hours. The small size and high solubility make nanobodies uniquely suited for studying protein dynamics by NMR. The ability to produce conformation-sensitive nanobodies in cells enables studies that link structural dynamics of a target protein to its cellular behavior. The link between in vitro and in-cell dynamics, afforded by nanobodies, brings the analysis of such important events as receptor signaling, membrane protein trafficking, and protein interactions to the next level of resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Y Dmitriev
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada,
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- the Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, and
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- the Unit of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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26
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Zhang Y, Maurizi MR. Mitochondrial ClpP activity is required for cisplatin resistance in human cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1862:252-64. [PMID: 26675528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In human cells ClpP and ClpX are imported into the mitochondrial matrix, where they interact to form the ATP-dependent protease ClpXP and play a role in the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. We find that reducing the levels of mitochondrial ClpP or ClpX renders human cancer cells more sensitive to cisplatin, a widely used anti-cancer drug. Conversely, overexpression of HClpP desensitizes cells to cisplatin. Overexpression of inactive HClpP-S97A had no effect. Cisplatin resistance correlated with decreased cellular accumulation of cisplatin and decreased levels of diguanosine-cisplatin adducts in both mitochondrial and genomic DNA. In contrast, higher levels of cisplatin-DNA adducts were found in cells in which HClpP had been depleted. Changes in the levels of ClpP had no effect on the levels of CTR1, a copper transporter that contributes to cisplatin uptake. However, the levels of ATP7A and ATP7B, copper efflux pumps that help eliminate cisplatin from cells, were increased when HClpP was overexpressed. HClpP levels were elevated in cervical carcinoma cells (KB-CP20) and hepatoma cells (BEL-7404-CP20) independently selected for cisplatin resistance. The data indicate that robust HClpXP activity positively affects the ability of cells to efflux cisplatin and suggest that targeting HClpP or HClpX would offer a novel mechanism for sensitizing cancer cells to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Michael R Maurizi
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
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27
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Denoyer D, Masaldan S, La Fontaine S, Cater MA. Targeting copper in cancer therapy: 'Copper That Cancer'. Metallomics 2015; 7:1459-76. [PMID: 26313539 DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00149h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient involved in fundamental life processes that are conserved throughout all forms of life. The ability of copper to catalyze oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, which can inadvertently lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), necessitates the tight homeostatic regulation of copper within the body. Many cancer types exhibit increased intratumoral copper and/or altered systemic copper distribution. The realization that copper serves as a limiting factor for multiple aspects of tumor progression, including growth, angiogenesis and metastasis, has prompted the development of copper-specific chelators as therapies to inhibit these processes. Another therapeutic approach utilizes specific ionophores that deliver copper to cells to increase intracellular copper levels. The therapeutic window between normal and cancerous cells when intracellular copper is forcibly increased, is the premise for the development of copper-ionophores endowed with anticancer properties. Also under investigation is the use of copper to replace platinum in coordination complexes currently used as mainstream chemotherapies. In comparison to platinum-based drugs, these promising copper coordination complexes may be more potent anticancer agents, with reduced toxicity toward normal cells and they may potentially circumvent the chemoresistance associated with recurrent platinum treatment. In addition, cancerous cells can adapt their copper homeostatic mechanisms to acquire resistance to conventional platinum-based drugs and certain copper coordination complexes can re-sensitize cancer cells to these drugs. This review will outline the biological importance of copper and copper homeostasis in mammalian cells, followed by a discussion of our current understanding of copper dysregulation in cancer, and the recent therapeutic advances using copper coordination complexes as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Denoyer
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
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28
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Identification of New Potential Interaction Partners for Human Cytoplasmic Copper Chaperone Atox1: Roles in Gene Regulation? Int J Mol Sci 2015. [PMID: 26213915 PMCID: PMC4581165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160816728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The human copper (Cu) chaperone Atox1 delivers Cu to P1B type ATPases in the Golgi network, for incorporation into essential Cu-dependent enzymes. Atox1 homologs are found in most organisms; it is a 68-residue ferredoxin-fold protein that binds Cu in a conserved surface-exposed Cys-X-X-Cys (CXXC) motif. In addition to its well-documented cytoplasmic chaperone function, in 2008 Atox1 was suggested to have functionality in the nucleus. To identify new interactions partners of Atox1, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen with a large human placenta library of cDNA fragments using Atox1 as bait. Among 98 million fragments investigated, 25 proteins were found to be confident interaction partners. Nine of these were uncharacterized proteins, and the remaining 16 proteins were analyzed by bioinformatics with respect to cell localization, tissue distribution, function, sequence motifs, three-dimensional structures and interaction networks. Several of the hits were eukaryotic-specific proteins interacting with DNA or RNA implying that Atox1 may act as a modulator of gene regulation. Notably, because many of the identified proteins contain CXXC motifs, similarly to the Cu transport reactions, interactions between these and Atox1 may be mediated by Cu.
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29
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Chen HHW, Chen WC, Liang ZD, Tsai WB, Long Y, Aiba I, Fu S, Broaddus R, Liu J, Feun LG, Savaraj N, Kuo MT. Targeting drug transport mechanisms for improving platinum-based cancer chemotherapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1307-17. [PMID: 26004625 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1043269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Platinum (Pt)-based antitumor agents remain important chemotherapeutic agents for treating many human malignancies. Elevated expression of the human high-affinity copper transporter 1 (hCtr1), resulting in enhanced Pt drug transport into cells, has been shown to be associated with improved treatment efficacy. Thus, targeting hCtr1 upregulation is an attractive strategy for improving the treatment efficacy of Pt-based cancer chemotherapy. AREA COVERED Regulation of hCtr1 expression by cellular copper homeostasis is discussed. Association of elevated hCtr1 expression with intrinsic sensitivity of ovarian cancer to Pt drugs is presented. Mechanism of copper-lowering agents in enhancing hCtr1-mediated cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin, cDDP) transport is reviewed. Applications of copper chelation strategy in overcoming cDDP resistance through enhanced hCtr1 expression are evaluated. EXPERT OPINION While both transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms of hCtr1 regulation by cellular copper bioavailability have been proposed, detailed molecular insights into hCtr1 regulation by copper homeostasis remain needed. Recent clinical study using a copper-lowering agent in enhancing hCtr1-mediated drug transport has achieved incremental improvement in overcoming Pt drug resistance. Further improvements in identifying predictive measures in the subpopulation of patients that can benefit from the treatment are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen H W Chen
- a 1 National Cheng Kung University, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Chen
- b 2 National Cheng Kung University, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Department of Pathology , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Zhang-Dong Liang
- c 3 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Translational Molecular Pathology , Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wen-Bin Tsai
- c 3 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Translational Molecular Pathology , Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yan Long
- d 4 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Translational Molecular Pathology , Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Isamu Aiba
- e 5 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Translational Molecular Pathology , Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Siqing Fu
- f 6 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Departments of Investigative Cancer Therapeutics , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Russell Broaddus
- g 7 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Departments of Pathology , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jinsong Liu
- g 7 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Departments of Pathology , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lynn G Feun
- h 8 University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center , 1475 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Niramol Savaraj
- h 8 University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center , 1475 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Macus Tien Kuo
- i 9 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Translational Molecular Pathology , Unit 2951, LSP 9.4206, 2130 W. Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA +1 713 834 6038 ; +1 713 834 6085 ;
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30
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Hlynialuk CJ, Ling B, Baker ZN, Cobine PA, Yu LD, Boulet A, Wai T, Hossain A, El Zawily AM, McFie PJ, Stone SJ, Diaz F, Moraes CT, Viswanathan D, Petris MJ, Leary SC. The Mitochondrial Metallochaperone SCO1 Is Required to Sustain Expression of the High-Affinity Copper Transporter CTR1 and Preserve Copper Homeostasis. Cell Rep 2015; 10:933-943. [PMID: 25683716 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human SCO1 fulfills essential roles in cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly and the regulation of copper (Cu) homeostasis, yet it remains unclear why pathogenic mutations in this gene cause such clinically heterogeneous forms of disease. Here, we establish a Sco1 mouse model of human disease and show that ablation of Sco1 expression in the liver is lethal owing to severe COX and Cu deficiencies. We further demonstrate that the Cu deficiency is explained by a functional connection between SCO1 and CTR1, the high-affinity transporter that imports Cu into the cell. CTR1 is rapidly degraded in the absence of SCO1 protein, and we show that its levels are restored in Sco1-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts upon inhibition of the proteasome. These data suggest that mitochondrial signaling through SCO1 provides a post-translational mechanism to regulate CTR1-dependent Cu import into the cell, and they further underpin the importance of mitochondria in cellular Cu homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Binbing Ling
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Zakery N Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Paul A Cobine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Lisa D Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Aren Boulet
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Timothy Wai
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Amzad Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Amr M El Zawily
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Pamela J McFie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Scot J Stone
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Francisca Diaz
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Carlos T Moraes
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Deepa Viswanathan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Michael J Petris
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Scot C Leary
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
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31
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Brose J, La Fontaine S, Wedd AG, Xiao Z. Redox sulfur chemistry of the copper chaperone Atox1 is regulated by the enzyme glutaredoxin 1, the reduction potential of the glutathione couple GSSG/2GSH and the availability of Cu(I). Metallomics 2014; 6:793-808. [PMID: 24522867 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00020j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Glutaredoxins have been characterised as enzymes regulating the redox status of protein thiols via cofactors GSSG/GSH. However, such a function has not been demonstrated with physiologically relevant protein substrates in in vitro experiments. Their active sites frequently feature a Cys-xx-Cys motif that is predicted not to bind metal ions. Such motifs are also present in copper-transporting proteins such as Atox1, a human cytosolic copper metallo-chaperone. In this work, we present the first demonstration that: (i) human glutaredoxin 1 (hGrx1) efficiently catalyses interchange of the dithiol and disulfide forms of the Cys(12)-xx-Cys(15) fragment in Atox1 but does not act upon the isolated single residue Cys(41); (ii) the direction of catalysis is regulated by the GSSG/2GSH ratio and the availability of Cu(I); (iii) the active site Cys(23)-xx-Cys(26) in hGrx1 can bind Cu(I) tightly with femtomolar affinity (K(D) = 10(-15.5) M) and possesses a reduction potential of E(o)' = -118 mV at pH 7.0. In contrast, the Cys(12)-xx-Cys(15) motif in Atox1 has a higher affinity for Cu(I) (K(D) = 10(-17.4) M) and a more negative potential (E(o)' = -188 mV). These differences may be attributed primarily to the very low pKa of Cys23 in hGrx1 and allow rationalisation of conclusion (ii) above: hGrx1 may catalyse the oxidation of Atox1(dithiol) by GSSG, but not the complementary reduction of the oxidised Atox1(disulfide) by GSH unless Cu(aq)(+) is present at a concentration that allows binding of Cu(I) to reduced Atox1 but not to hGrx1. In fact, in the latter case, the catalytic preferences are reversed. Both Cys residues in the active site of hGrx1 are essential for the high affinity Cu(I) binding but the single Cys(23) residue only is required for the redox catalytic function. The molecular properties of both Atox1 and hGrx1 are consistent with a correlation between copper homeostasis and redox sulfur chemistry, as suggested by recent cell experiments. These proteins appear to have evolved the features necessary to fill multiple roles in redox regulation, Cu(I) buffering and Cu(I) transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Brose
- School of Chemistry and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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32
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Huang Y, Nokhrin S, Hassanzadeh-Ghassabeh G, Yu CH, Yang H, Barry AN, Tonelli M, Markley JL, Muyldermans S, Dmitriev OY, Lutsenko S. Interactions between metal-binding domains modulate intracellular targeting of Cu(I)-ATPase ATP7B, as revealed by nanobody binding. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:32682-93. [PMID: 25253690 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.580845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The biologically and clinically important membrane transporters are challenging proteins to study because of their low level of expression, multidomain structure, and complex molecular dynamics that underlies their activity. ATP7B is a copper transporter that traffics between the intracellular compartments in response to copper elevation. The N-terminal domain of ATP7B (N-ATP7B) is involved in binding copper, but the role of this domain in trafficking is controversial. To clarify the role of N-ATP7B, we generated nanobodies that interact with ATP7B in vitro and in cells. In solution NMR studies, nanobodies revealed the spatial organization of N-ATP7B by detecting transient functionally relevant interactions between metal-binding domains 1-3. Modulation of these interactions by nanobodies in cells enhanced relocalization of the endogenous ATP7B toward the plasma membrane linking molecular and cellular dynamics of the transporter. Stimulation of ATP7B trafficking by nanobodies in the absence of elevated copper provides direct evidence for the important role of N-ATP7B structural dynamics in regulation of ATP7B localization in a cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Huang
- From the Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Sergiy Nokhrin
- the Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Gholamreza Hassanzadeh-Ghassabeh
- the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Structural Biology Research Center, and Nanobody Service Facility, VIB, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, and
| | - Corey H Yu
- the Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Haojun Yang
- From the Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Amanda N Barry
- From the Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Marco Tonelli
- the Department of Biochemistry, National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - John L Markley
- the Department of Biochemistry, National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Structural Biology Research Center, and
| | - Oleg Y Dmitriev
- the Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada,
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- From the Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205,
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33
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Copper: toxicological relevance and mechanisms. Arch Toxicol 2014; 88:1929-38. [PMID: 25199685 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1355-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 401] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a vital mineral essential for many biological processes. The vast majority of all Cu in healthy humans is associated with enzyme prosthetic groups or bound to proteins. Cu homeostasis is tightly regulated through a complex system of Cu transporters and chaperone proteins. Excess or toxicity of Cu, which is associated with the pathogenesis of hepatic disorder, neurodegenerative changes and other disease conditions, can occur when Cu homeostasis is disrupted. The capacity to initiate oxidative damage is most commonly attributed to Cu-induced cellular toxicity. Recently, altered cellular events, including lipid metabolism, gene expression, alpha-synuclein aggregation, activation of acidic sphingomyelinase and release of ceramide, and temporal and spatial distribution of Cu in hepatocytes, as well as Cu-protein interaction in the nerve system, have been suggested to play a role in Cu toxicity. However, whether these changes are independent of, or secondary to, an altered cellular redox state of Cu remain to be elucidated.
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Abstract
Copper is an essential element in many biological processes. The critical functions associated with copper have resulted from evolutionary harnessing of its potent redox activity. This same property also places copper in a unique role as a key modulator of cell signal transduction pathways. These pathways are the complex sequence of molecular interactions that drive all cellular mechanisms and are often associated with the interplay of key enzymes including kinases and phosphatases but also including intracellular changes in pools of smaller molecules. A growing body of evidence is beginning to delineate the how, when and where of copper-mediated control over cell signal transduction. This has been driven by research demonstrating critical changes to copper homeostasis in many disorders including cancer and neurodegeneration and therapeutic potential through control of disease-associated cell signalling changes by modulation of copper-protein interactions. This timely review brings together for the first time the diverse actions of copper as a key regulator of cell signalling pathways and discusses the potential strategies for controlling disease-associated signalling processes using copper modulators. It is hoped that this review will provide a valuable insight into copper as a key signal regulator and stimulate further research to promote our understanding of copper in disease and therapy.
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Liu P, Zhang H, Wang H, Xia Y. Identification of redox-sensitive cysteines in the Arabidopsis proteome using OxiTRAQ, a quantitative redox proteomics method. Proteomics 2014; 14:750-62. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- Department of Biology; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Huoming Zhang
- Biosciences Core Laboratory; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Biology; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Yiji Xia
- Department of Biology; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong P. R. China
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong P. R. China
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Kenthirapalan S, Waters AP, Matuschewski K, Kooij TWA. Copper-transporting ATPase is important for malaria parasite fertility. Mol Microbiol 2013; 91:315-25. [PMID: 24237419 PMCID: PMC4016742 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Homeostasis of the trace element copper is essential to all eukaryotic life. Copper serves as a cofactor in metalloenzymes and catalyses electron transfer reactions as well as the generation of potentially toxic reactive oxygen species. Here, we describe the functional characterization of an evolutionarily highly conserved, predicted copper-transporting P-type ATPase (CuTP) in the murine malaria model parasite Plasmodium berghei. Live imaging of a parasite line expressing a fluorescently tagged CuTP demonstrated that CuTP is predominantly located in vesicular bodies of the parasite. A P. berghei loss-of-function mutant line was readily obtained and showed no apparent defect in in vivo blood stage growth. Parasite transmission through the mosquito vector was severely affected, but not entirely abolished. We show that male and female gametocytes are abundant in cutp− parasites, but activation of male microgametes and exflagellation were strongly impaired. This specific defect could be mimicked by addition of the copper chelator neocuproine to wild-type gametocytes. A cross-fertilization assay demonstrated that female fertility was also severely abrogated. In conclusion, we provide experimental genetic and pharmacological evidence that a healthy copper homeostasis is critical to malaria parasite fertility of both genders of gametocyte and, hence, to transmission to the mosquito vector.
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