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Kushwaha S, Saji J, Verma R, Singh V, Ansari JA, Mishra SK, Roy O, Patnaik S, Ghosh D. Microglial Neuroinflammation-Independent Reversal of Demyelination of Corpus Callosum by Arsenic in a Cuprizone-Induced Demyelinating Mouse Model. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:6822-6841. [PMID: 38353925 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03978-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Demyelination is the loss of myelin in CNS, resulting in damaged myelin sheath. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation play a key role in inducing demyelinating diseases like MS; hence, controlling oxidative stress and neuroinflammation is important. Cuprizone (CPZ), a copper chelator, generates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, thereby inducing demyelination. Therefore, the CPZ-induced demyelinating mouse model (CPZ model) is widely used in research. The present study was intended to unravel a mechanism of inhibition of demyelination by arsenic in a CPZ model, which is otherwise known for its toxicity. We investigated an alternative mechanism of inhibition of demyelination by arsenic through the reversal of SOD1 activity employing in silico analysis, analytical chemistry techniques, and in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vivo experiments showed protection of body weight, survivability, and myelination of the corpus callosum in CPZ and arsenic-co-exposed animals, where neuroinflammation was apparently not involved. In vitro experiments revealed that arsenic-mediated reversal of impaired SOD1 activity leads to reduced cellular ROS levels and better viability of primary oligodendrocytes. Reversal of SOD1 activity was also observed in the corpus callosum tissue isolated from experimental animals. In silico and analytical chemistry studies revealed that similar to copper, arsenic can potentially bind to CPZ and thereby make the copper freely available for SOD1 activity. Suitable neurobehavior tests further validated the protective effect of arsenic. Taken together, the present study revealed that arsenic protects oligodendrocytes and demyelination of corpus callosum by reversing CPZ-induced impaired SOD1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaivya Kushwaha
- Immunotoxicology Laboratory, System Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Joel Saji
- Water Analysis Laboratory, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
| | - Rahul Verma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Water Analysis Laboratory, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
| | - Vikas Singh
- Immunotoxicology Laboratory, System Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jamal Ahmad Ansari
- Immunotoxicology Laboratory, System Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Genome Instability and Chromatin Remodeling Section, NIH-National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, USA
| | - Shubhendra Kumar Mishra
- Immunotoxicology Laboratory, System Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, McGill University Health Centre-Research Institute (RI-MUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Opalina Roy
- Immunotoxicology Laboratory, System Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
| | - Satyakam Patnaik
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
- Water Analysis Laboratory, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India.
| | - Debabrata Ghosh
- Immunotoxicology Laboratory, System Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Blagov AV, Summerhill VI, Sukhorukov VN, Zhigmitova EB, Postnov AY, Orekhov AN. Potential use of antioxidants for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1378335. [PMID: 38818374 PMCID: PMC11137403 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1378335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The excessive production of various reactive oxidant species over endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms leads to the development of a state of oxidative stress, with serious biological consequences. The consequences of oxidative stress depend on the balance between the generation of reactive oxidant species and the antioxidant defense and include oxidative damage of biomolecules, disruption of signal transduction, mutation, and cell apoptosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress is involved in the physiopathology of various debilitating illnesses associated with chronic inflammation, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, or neurodegenerative processes, that need continuous pharmacological treatment. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are tightly linked pathophysiological processes, one of which can be simply promoted by another. Although, many antioxidant trials have been unsuccessful (some of the trials showed either no effect or even harmful effects) in human patients as a preventive or curative measure, targeting oxidative stress remains an interesting therapeutic approach for the development of new agents to design novel anti-inflammatory drugs with a reliable safety profile. In this regard, several natural antioxidant compounds were explored as potential therapeutic options for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Several metalloenzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, are among the essential enzymes that maintain the low nanomolar physiological concentrations of superoxide (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the major redox signaling molecules, and thus play important roles in the alteration of the redox homeostasis. These enzymes have become a striking source of motivation to design catalytic drugs to enhance the action of these enzymes under pathological conditions related to chronic inflammation. This review is focused on several major representatives of natural and synthetic antioxidants as potential drug candidates for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vasily N. Sukhorukov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery (FSBSI “Petrovsky NRCS”), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Anton Y. Postnov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery (FSBSI “Petrovsky NRCS”), Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery (FSBSI “Petrovsky NRCS”), Moscow, Russia
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Summer M, Ali S, Tahir HM, Abaidullah R, Fiaz U, Mumtaz S, Fiaz H, Hassan A, Mughal TA, Farooq MA. Mode of Action of Biogenic Silver, Zinc, Copper, Titanium and Cobalt Nanoparticles Against Antibiotics Resistant Pathogens. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2024; 34:1417-1451. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-023-02935-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
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Ren Y, Jia F, Li D. Ingredients, structure and reconstitution properties of instant powder foods and the potential for healthy product development: a comprehensive review. Food Funct 2024; 15:37-61. [PMID: 38059502 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04216b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Instant foods are widely presented in powder forms across different food segments, which potentially can be formulated with functional or beneficial compounds to provide health benefits. Many reconstituted instant powder foods form colloidal suspensions with complex structures. However, designing instant powder food could be challenging due to the structural complexity and high flexibility in formulation. This review proposed a new classification method for instant powder foods according to the solubility of ingredients and the structure of the reconstituted products. Instant powder foods containing insoluble ingredients are discussed. It summarised challenges and current advances in powder treatments, reconstitution improvement, and influences on food texture and structure to facilitate product design in related industries. The characteristics and incorporation of the main ingredients and ingredients with health benefits in product development were reviewed. Different products vary significantly in the ratios of macronutrients. The macronutrients have limited solubility in water. After being reconstituted by water, the insoluble components are dispersed and swell to form colloidal dispersions with complex structures and textures. Soluble components, which dissolve in the continuous phase, may facilitate the dispersing process or influence the solution environment. The structure of reconstituted products and destabilising factors are discussed. Both particle and molecular structuring strategies have been developed to improve wettability and prevent the formation of lumps and, therefore, to improve reconstitution properties. Various types of instant food have been developed based on healthy or functional ingredients and exhibit positive effects on the prevention of non-communicable diseases and overall health. Less processed materials and by-products are often chosen to enhance the contents of dietary fibre and phenolic compounds. The enrichment of phenolic compounds, dietary fibres and/or probiotics tend to be simultaneous in plant-based products. The process of the ingredients and the formulation of products must be tailored to design the desired structure and to improve the reconstitution property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- School of Public Health and Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
- Ningbo Yu Fang Tang Biological Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Ningbo 315012, China
| | - Fuhuai Jia
- Ningbo Yu Fang Tang Biological Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Ningbo 315012, China
| | - Duo Li
- School of Public Health and Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
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Nilofar, Duran T, Uba AI, Cvetanović Kljakić A, Božunović J, Gašić U, Bouyahya A, Yıldiztugay E, Ferrante C, Zengin G. Extractions of aerial parts of Hippomarathrum scabrum with conventional and green methodologies: Chemical profiling, antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and anti-cancer effects. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300678. [PMID: 37994215 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Hippomarathrum scabrum L. is an endemic medicinal plant in Turkey; however, there have been few studies investigating the phytochemistry and biological properties of these plants has not been investigated. The aim of this work is to determine the chemical composition of different extracts (extracts obtained by using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, accelerated solvent extraction, homogenizer-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction from Hippomarathrum scabrum L., and evaluate their biological properties. The analysis revealed that 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, rutin, and isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside were the main bioactive compounds. The extract obtained by accelerated extraction contains the highest concentration of 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid (7616.74 ± 63.09 mg/kg dry extract) followed by the extract obtained by homogenizer-assisted extraction (6682.53 ± 13.04 mg/kg dry extract). In antioxidant tests, all extracts expressed significant antioxidant activity. Also, cytotoxic and anticancer effects of these plant extracts were detected in the human prostate cancer cell line. Intrinsic apoptotic genes were up-regulated and anti-apoptotic genes were down-regulated in human prostate cancer cells after inhibition concentration dose treatment. The findings are promising, and suggest the use of these plant extracts could be used as natural sources with different biological activities, as well as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilofar
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Tugce Duran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul AREL University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Jelena Božunović
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Uroš Gašić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morroco
| | - Evren Yıldiztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Claudio Ferrante
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Nyero A, Anywar GU, Achaye I, Malinga GM. Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of some wild edible plants locally consumed by rural communities in northern Uganda. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1070031. [PMID: 37081916 PMCID: PMC10111026 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1070031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acalypha rhomboidea, Asystacia gangetica, Crassocephalum sacrobasis, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Heterosis rotundifolia, Hibiscus cannabinus, Hibiscus sp., Hibiscus surratensis, Ipomoea eriocarpa, Maerua angolensis, Senna obtusifolia and Vigna membranacea are among the common wild edible plants in the Acholi sub-region, northern Uganda. This study evaluated the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of the plants. Methods Fresh leaves collected from each plant species were air-dried under shade. The phytochemical contents of the ethanol and petroleum ether extracts were determined using standard protocols. The antioxidant content of the methanolic extracts was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Results Preliminary phytochemical analyses indicated the presence of tannins, reducing compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, flavons aglycones, flavanosides, anthracenosides, anthocyanosides, volatile oils, coumarins, steroid glycosides, sterols and triterpenes. However, the extracts did not contain any emodols and saponins. The results of the quantitative phytochemical analysis showed that the contents of different phytochemicals detected varied significantly (p < 0.05) among the selected plants. The amount of tannins in mg/g (gallic acid equivalent) of dry weight varied from 3.90 ± 0.16 in C. ochroleuca to 10.41 ± 0.78 in I. eriocarpa, total flavonoids in RE, mg/g dry matter from 4.07 ± 0.11 in I. eriocarpa to 14.94 ± 0.08 in S. obtusifolia. Total alkaloids in mg/100 g ranged from 1.59 ± 0.30 in I. eriocarpa to 6.37 ± 0.24 in Hibiscus sp. Total phenolic content in GAE, mg/g dry matter ranged from 13.39 ± 0.26 in A. rhomboidea to 64.25 ± 0.54 in I. eriocarpa. The in vitro antioxidant assays revealed substantial free radical scavenging activity in all the plants. Antioxidant activity expressed as IC50 (ppm) ranged from 13.39 for A. rhomboidea to 64.84 for I. eriocarpa, compared to 12.82 for ascorbic acid standard. The total phenolic compounds and total tannins had significant and positive correlations with DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Conclusion The findings of this study provide evidence that the species are good natural sources of phytochemicals and antioxidants, whose regular consumption could provide human health benefits by protecting against oxidative stress related diseases. Further research is needed on the structural characterization of the phytochemicals, profiling the plant extracts with high antioxidant activity and determining the antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Nyero
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Godwin Upoki Anywar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Innocent Achaye
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
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Nascimento GO, Marques SPD, Maia CEG, de Sousa AF, Cunha RL, Malta MR, Owen RW, Ferreira MKA, da Silva AW, Rebouças EL, de Menezes JESA, Marinho MM, Marinho ES, Dos Santos HS, Saliba ASMC, Massarioli AP, Alencar SM, Sartori AGO, Trevisan MTS. Hypoglycemic effect of Coffea arabica leaf extracts and major bioactive constituents. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:14871-14886. [PMID: 36927332 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2188421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study focused on investigating the antioxidant, antiglycation activity, digestive enzymes inhibition, bioaccessibility and hypoglycemic effect of C. arabica leaves extracts. The extracts deactivated the O2•-, ROO•, H2O2, HOCl reactive oxygen species. Coffee leaves showed strong inhibition of α-glucosidase (IC50 = 40.30 μg mL-1) greater than the isolated metabolites and acarbose. There was also inhibition of pancreatic lipase (IC50 = 56.43 μg mL-1) in addition to a hypoglycemic effect in zebrafish similar to acarbose and metformin. With the exception of rutin, all biocompounds were detected at all stages of in vitro digestion. Finally, these results suggest that C. arabica leaf extracts possess antidiabetic and anti-obesity properties that can be attributed to the main metabolites and the synergistic action between them.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G O Nascimento
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - S P D Marques
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Quixadá, CE, Brazil
| | - C E G Maia
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - A F de Sousa
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - R L Cunha
- Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - M R Malta
- Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - R W Owen
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - M K A Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Itaperi Campus, Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry - LQPN-S, State University of Ceará, Science and Technology Center (CCT), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - A W da Silva
- Itaperi Campus, Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry - LQPN-S, State University of Ceará, Science and Technology Center (CCT), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - E L Rebouças
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - J E S A de Menezes
- Itaperi Campus, Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry - LQPN-S, State University of Ceará, Science and Technology Center (CCT), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - M M Marinho
- Group of Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry(GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - E S Marinho
- Group of Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry(GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - H S Dos Santos
- Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Vale do Acarau State University, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - A S M C Saliba
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - A P Massarioli
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - S M Alencar
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - A G O Sartori
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - M T S Trevisan
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Unger P, Sekhon AS, Bhavnani K, Galland A, Ganjyal GM, Michael M. Impact of gas ultrafine bubbles on the efficacy of commonly used antimicrobials for apple washing. J Food Saf 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Unger
- School of Food Science Washington State University Pullman Washington USA
| | | | - Kabir Bhavnani
- School of Food Science Washington State University Pullman Washington USA
| | - Andrew Galland
- School of Food Science Washington State University Pullman Washington USA
| | - Girish M. Ganjyal
- School of Food Science Washington State University Pullman Washington USA
| | - Minto Michael
- School of Food Science Washington State University Pullman Washington USA
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Nielsen AM, Garcia LAT, Silva KJS, Sabogal-Paz LP, Hincapié MM, Montoya LJ, Galeano L, Galdos-Balzategui A, Reygadas F, Herrera C, Golden S, Byrne JA, Fernández-Ibáñez P. Chlorination for low-cost household water disinfection - A critical review and status in three Latin American countries. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2022; 244:114004. [PMID: 35816847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chlorination has historically provided microbiologically safe drinking water in public water supplies. Likewise, chlorine has also been introduced as a low-cost disinfection method in rural and marginalized communities, both at community and household level, as well as during emergencies. Although this practice is common and well established for use as a household water treatment technology in the Global South, several challenges in effective and efficient implementation still need to be addressed. Here, we explored these issues by a literature review and narrowed them to the status of three Latin American countries (Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil). Overall, it was found that although guidance on household-based chlorination includes information on health risks and hygiene, this may not create enough incentive for the user to adapt the method satisfactorily. Physicochemical quality of the water influences chlorination efficiency and it is found that variations in quality are rarely considered when recommending chlorine doses during implementation. These are far more often based on a few measurements of turbidity, thereby not considering dissolved organic matter, or seasonal and day-to-day variations. Other factors such as user preferences, chlorine product quality and availability also represent potential barriers to the sustainable use of chlorination. For chlorination to become a sustainable household water treatment, more focus should therefore be given to local conditions prior to the intervention, as well as support and maintenance of behavioural changes during and after the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Nielsen
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, BT37 0QB, United Kingdom
| | - L A T Garcia
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-Carlense 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, Zip code 13566-590, Brazil
| | - K J S Silva
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-Carlense 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, Zip code 13566-590, Brazil
| | - L P Sabogal-Paz
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-Carlense 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, Zip code 13566-590, Brazil
| | - M M Hincapié
- School of Engineering, University of Medellin, Ctra 87, 30-65, Medellin, 050026, Colombia
| | - L J Montoya
- School of Engineering, University of Medellin, Ctra 87, 30-65, Medellin, 050026, Colombia
| | - L Galeano
- School of Engineering, University of Medellin, Ctra 87, 30-65, Medellin, 050026, Colombia
| | - A Galdos-Balzategui
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, BT37 0QB, United Kingdom; Fundación Cántaro Azul, Calzada Daniel Sarmiento 19, Los Alcanfores, 29246, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - F Reygadas
- Fundación Cántaro Azul, Calzada Daniel Sarmiento 19, Los Alcanfores, 29246, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - C Herrera
- Centro de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Antioquia, Carrera 46, 56-11,15. Ed. Tecnoparque, Medellin, Colombia
| | - S Golden
- Belfast School of Architecture and the Built Environment, Ulster University, United Kingdom
| | - J A Byrne
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, BT37 0QB, United Kingdom
| | - P Fernández-Ibáñez
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, BT37 0QB, United Kingdom.
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Venugopal V, Geethanjali S, Poonguzhali S, Padmavathi R, Mahadevan S, Silambanan S, Maheshkumar K. Effect of Yoga on Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e050421192663. [PMID: 33820522 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210405104335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus has a significant impact on public health. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), leading to various complications of T2DM. Yoga is being widely used in the management of T2DM. The primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to understand the effects of yoga on oxidative stress parameters among adult patients diagnosed with T2DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Science Direct from start of the study till March 2020 were searched to obtain eligible studies. Study designs of all nature were included (except case studies and reviews). The primary outcome was Malondialdehyde (MDA) and secondary outcomes included fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) levels. RESULTS A total of four trials with a total of 440 patients met the inclusion criteria. The results of meta-analysis indicated that yoga significantly reduced MDA (SMD: -1.4; 95% CI -2.66 to -0.13; P = 0.03; I2 = 97%), fasting plasma glucose levels (SMD: -1.87: 95% CI -3.83 to -0.09; P = 0.06; I2= 99%), and HbA1c (SMD: -1.92; 95% CI - 3.03 to -0.81; P = 0.0007; I2 = 92%) in patients with T2DM. No such effect was found for SOD (SMD: -1.01; 95% CI -4.41 to 2.38; P = 0.56; I2= 99%). CONCLUSION The available evidence suggests that yoga reduces MDA, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1C, and thus would be beneficial in the management of T2DM as a complementary therapy. However, considering the limited number of studies and its heterogeneity, further robust studies are necessary to strengthen our findings and investigate the long-term benefits of yoga.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Venugopal
- Department of Yoga, Government Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, Chennai-600106, India
| | - S Geethanjali
- Department of Nutrition & Psychology, Government Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, Chennai-600106, India
| | - S Poonguzhali
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, Chennai- 600106, India
| | - R Padmavathi
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Mahadevan
- Department of Endocrinology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Silambanan
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER) Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Maheshkumar
- Department of Physiology & Biochemistry, Govt. Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, Chennai-600106, India
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