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Chen R, Zou J, Kang R, Tang D. The Redox Protein High-Mobility Group Box 1 in Cell Death and Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:569-590. [PMID: 36999916 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Significance: As a redox-sensitive protein, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is implicated in regulating stress responses to oxidative damage and cell death, which are closely related to the pathology of inflammatory diseases, including cancer. Recent Advances: HMGB1 is a nonhistone nuclear protein that acts as a deoxyribonucleic acid chaperone to control chromosomal structure and function. HMGB1 can also be released into the extracellular space and function as a damage-associated molecular pattern protein during cell death, including during apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, alkaliptosis, and cuproptosis. Once released, HMGB1 binds to membrane receptors to shape immune and metabolic responses. In addition to subcellular localization, the function and activity of HMGB1 also depend on its redox state and protein posttranslational modifications. Abnormal HMGB1 plays a dual role in tumorigenesis and anticancer therapy (e.g., chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy) depending on the tumor types and stages. Critical Issues: A comprehensive understanding of the role of HMGB1 in cellular redox homeostasis is important for deciphering normal cellular functions and pathological manifestations. In this review, we discuss compartmental-defined roles of HMGB1 in regulating cell death and cancer. Understanding these advances may help us develop potential HMGB1-targeting drugs or approaches to treat oxidative stress-related diseases or pathological conditions. Future Directions: Further studies are required to dissect the mechanism by which HMGB1 maintains redox homeostasis under different stress conditions. A multidisciplinary effort is also required to evaluate the potential applications of precisely targeting the HMGB1 pathway in human health and disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 569-590.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochan Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis; Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ju Zou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis; Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Presto P, Ji G, Ponomareva O, Ponomarev I, Neugebauer V. Hmgb1 Silencing in the Amygdala Inhibits Pain-Related Behaviors in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11944. [PMID: 37569320 PMCID: PMC10418916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain presents a therapeutic challenge due to the highly complex interplay of sensory, emotional-affective and cognitive factors. The mechanisms of the transition from acute to chronic pain are not well understood. We hypothesized that neuroimmune mechanisms in the amygdala, a brain region involved in the emotional-affective component of pain and pain modulation, play an important role through high motility group box 1 (Hmgb1), a pro-inflammatory molecule that has been linked to neuroimmune signaling in spinal nociception. Transcriptomic analysis revealed an upregulation of Hmgb1 mRNA in the right but not left central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) at the chronic stage of a spinal nerve ligation (SNL) rat model of neuropathic pain. Hmgb1 silencing with a stereotaxic injection of siRNA for Hmgb1 into the right CeA of adult male and female rats 1 week after (post-treatment), but not 2 weeks before (pre-treatment) SNL induction decreased mechanical hypersensitivity and emotional-affective responses, but not anxiety-like behaviors, measured 4 weeks after SNL. Immunohistochemical data suggest that neurons are a major source of Hmgb1 in the CeA. Therefore, Hmgb1 in the amygdala may contribute to the transition from acute to chronic neuropathic pain, and the inhibition of Hmgb1 at a subacute time point can mitigate neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton Presto
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Guangchen Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Olga Ponomareva
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Igor Ponomarev
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Volker Neugebauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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Extra-Cellular Vesicles Derived from Thyroid Cancer Cells Promote the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and the Transfer of Malignant Phenotypes through Immune Mediated Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032754. [PMID: 36769076 PMCID: PMC9917007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer, and its incidence is increasing in many countries around the world. Among thyroid cancers, the papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) histotype is particularly prevalent. A small percentage of papillary tumors is associated with metastases and aggressive behavior due to de-differentiation obtained through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by which epithelial thyroid cells acquire a fibroblast-like morphology, reduce cellular adhesion, increase motility and expression of mesenchymal proteins. The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in promoting an aggressive phenotype through hypoxia and the secretion of HMGB1 and other factors. Hypoxia has been shown to drastically change the tumor cell phenotype and has been associated with increasing metastatic and migratory behavior. Cells transfer information to neighboring cells or distant locations by releasing extracellular membrane vesicles (EVs) that contain key molecules, such as mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and proteins, that are able to modify protein expression in recipient cells. In this study, we investigated the potential role of EVs released by the anaplastic cancer cell line CAL-62 in inducing a malignant phenotype in a papillary cancer cell line (BCPAP).
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Zhang J, Chen W, Ma W, Han C, Song K, Kwon H, Wu T. EZH2 Promotes Cholangiocarcinoma Development and Progression through Histone Methylation and microRNA-Mediated Down-Regulation of Tumor Suppressor Genes. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1712-1724. [PMID: 36456043 PMCID: PMC9765312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant cancer of the biliary tree. Although studies have implicated enhancer of Zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in CCA growth, the role of EZH2 in CCA development has not been investigated, and the mechanism for EZH2-regulated gene expression in CCA remains to be further defined. The current study used a mouse model of CCA induced by hydrodynamic tail vein injection of Notch1 intracellular domain and myristoylated-AKT plasmids. Mice with liver-specific EZH2 knockout displayed reduced CCA development. In a xenograft model, EZH2 knockdown significantly decreased CCA progression. Administration of the EZH2 inhibitor GSK126 decreased CCA tumor burden in mice. Accordingly, EZH2 depletion or inhibition reduced the growth and colony formation capability of CCA cells. Analysis of high-throughput data identified a set of 12 tumor-inhibiting genes as targets of EZH2 in CCA. The experimental results suggest that EZH2 may down-regulate these tumor-inhibiting genes through methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27) in the gene louses and through regulation of specific miRNAs. High mobility group box 1 was shown to facilitate the methyltransferase activity of EZH2, which is implicated in the regulation of CCA cell growth. The study shows that EZH2 promotes CCA development and progression through a complicated regulatory network involving tumor-inhibiting genes, miRNAs, and high mobility group box 1, which support targeting EZH2 as a potentially effective strategy for CCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiang Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
| | - Weina Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Wenbo Ma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Chang Han
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Kyoungsub Song
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Hyunjoo Kwon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
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Endothelial Dysfunction, HMGB1, and Dengue: An Enigma to Solve. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081765. [PMID: 36016387 PMCID: PMC9414358 DOI: 10.3390/v14081765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a viral infection caused by dengue virus (DENV), which has a significant impact on public health worldwide. Although most infections are asymptomatic, a series of severe clinical manifestations such as hemorrhage and plasma leakage can occur during the severe presentation of the disease. This suggests that the virus or host immune response may affect the protective function of endothelial barriers, ultimately being considered the most relevant event in severe and fatal dengue pathogenesis. The mechanisms that induce these alterations are diverse. It has been suggested that the high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) may be involved in endothelial dysfunction. This non-histone nuclear protein has different immunomodulatory activities and belongs to the alarmin group. High concentrations of HMGB1 have been detected in patients with several infectious diseases, including dengue, and it could be considered as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of dengue and a predictor of complications of the disease. This review summarizes the main features of dengue infection and describes the known causes associated with endothelial dysfunction, highlighting the involvement and possible relationship between HMGB1 and DENV.
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Niu Z, Lin J, Hao C, Xu X, Wang C, Dai K, Deng X, Deng M, Guo Y, Yao W. Glycyrrhizic Acid Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis of Silicosis by Inhibiting the Interaction between HMGB1 and BRG1 through PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148743. [PMID: 35886594 PMCID: PMC9317839 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: High mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved DNA-binding nuclear protein that participates in the occurrence and development of silicosis. HMGB1 binds to its specific receptor and activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B, (PKB; Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Brahma-related genes 1 (BRG1; SMARCA4) is the core subunit of SWI/SNF. HMGB1 activates the Akt pathway through BRG1 to promote the proliferation of prostate cancer. Glycyrrhizic acid is a new pharmacological inhibitor of HMGB1, which may inhibit the occurrence and development of silicosis. We speculate that glycyrrhizic acid inhibits the interaction between HMGB1 and BRG1 through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to affect the progression of silicosis. Methods: We carried out an in vitro study and stimulated A549 with TGF-β1 to establish an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) model, knocked down the HMGB1 and BRG1 genes in cells, observed the expression of EMT markers, and detected the interaction between HMGB1 and BRG1 by co-immunoprecipitation. In vivo, we injected glycyrrhizic acid into the mouse silicosis model to inhibit the expression of HMGB1. Results: Both HMGB1 and BRG1 were highly expressed in the process of EMT. After knocking down HMGB1 and BRG1, the process of EMT was inhibited through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and their expressions were influenced by each other. HMGB1 and BRG1 interact with each other in A549 cells. HMGB1 and BRG1 are also highly expressed in the mouse silicosis model, and glycyrrhizic acid can inhibit the expression of HMGB1/BRG1 through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Conclusion: Glycyrrhizic acid can inhibit the interaction between HMGB1 and BRG1 through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to affect the progression of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoya Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Jisong Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Changfu Hao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Kai Dai
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Xuedan Deng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Meng Deng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yonghua Guo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.N.); (C.H.); (X.X.); (C.W.); (K.D.); (X.D.); (M.D.); (Y.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-371-67781922; Fax: +86-371-67781868
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Hepatitis B virus X protein counteracts high mobility group box 1 protein-mediated epigenetic silencing of covalently closed circular DNA. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010576. [PMID: 35679251 PMCID: PMC9182688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), serving as the viral persistence form and transcription template of HBV infection, hijacks host histone and non-histone proteins to form a minichromosome and utilizes posttranslational modifications (PTMs) "histone code" for its transcriptional regulation. HBV X protein (HBx) is known as a cccDNA transcription activator. In this study we established a dual system of the inducible reporter cell lines modelling infection with wildtype (wt) and HBx-null HBV, both secreting HA-tagged HBeAg as a semi-quantitative marker for cccDNA transcription. The cccDNA-bound histone PTM profiling of wt and HBx-null systems, using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR), confirmed that HBx is essential for maintenance of cccDNA at transcriptionally active state, characterized by active histone PTM markers. Differential proteomics analysis of cccDNA minichromosome established in wt and HBx-null HBV cell lines revealed group-specific hits. One of the hits in HBx-deficient condition was a non-histone host DNA-binding protein high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Its elevated association to HBx-null cccDNA was validated by ChIP-qPCR assay in both the HBV stable cell lines and infection systems in vitro. Furthermore, experimental downregulation of HMGB1 in HBx-null HBV inducible and infection models resulted in transcriptional re-activation of the cccDNA minichromosome, accompanied by a switch of the cccDNA-associated histones to euchromatic state with activating histone PTMs landscape and subsequent upregulation of cccDNA transcription. Mechanistically, HBx interacts with HMGB1 and prevents its binding to cccDNA without affecting the steady state level of HMGB1. Taken together, our results suggest that HMGB1 is a novel host restriction factor of HBV cccDNA with epigenetic silencing mechanism, which can be counteracted by viral transcription activator HBx.
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Dong Y, Ming B, Dong L. The Role of HMGB1 in Rheumatic Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:815257. [PMID: 35250993 PMCID: PMC8892237 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.815257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
HMGB1, a highly conserved non-histone nuclear protein, is widely expressed in mammalian cells. HMGB1 in the nucleus binds to the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to regulate the structure of chromosomes and maintain the transcription, replication, DNA repair, and nucleosome assembly. HMGB1 is actively or passively released into the extracellular region during cells activation or necrosis. Extracellular HMGB1 as an alarmin can initiate immune response alone or combined with other substances such as nucleic acid to participate in multiple biological processes. It has been reported that HMGB1 is involved in various inflammatory responses and autoimmunity. This review article summarizes the physiological function of HMGB1, the post-translational modification of HMGB1, its interaction with different receptors, and its recent advances in rheumatic diseases and strategies for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanji Dong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingxia Ming
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingli Dong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Bhat SM, Massey N, Shrestha D, Karriker LA, Jelesijević T, Wang C, Charavaryamath C. Transcriptomic and ultrastructural evidence indicate that anti-HMGB1 antibodies rescue organic dust-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 388:373-398. [PMID: 35244775 PMCID: PMC10155187 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03602-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to organic dust (OD) in agriculture is known to cause respiratory symptoms including loss of lung function. OD exposure activates multiple signaling pathways since it contains a variety of microbial products and particulate matter. Previously, we have shown how OD exposure leads to the secretion of HMGB1 and HMGB1-RAGE signaling, and how this can be a possible therapeutic target to reduce inflammation. Cellular mitochondria are indispensable for homeostasis and are emerging targets to curtail inflammation. Recently, we have also observed that OD exposure induces mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by loss of structural integrity and deficits in bioenergetics. However, the role of HMGB1 in OD-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells remains elusive. Therefore, we aimed to study whether decreased levels of intracellular HMGB1 or antibody-mediated neutralization of secreted HMGB1 would rescue mitochondrial dysfunction. Single and repeated ODE exposure showed an elongated mitochondrial network and cristolysis whereas HMGB1 neutralization or the lack thereof promotes mitochondrial biogenesis evidenced by increased mitochondrial fragmentation, increased DRP1 expression, decreased MFN2 expression, and increased PGC1α expression. Repeated 5-day ODE exposure significantly downregulated transcripts encoding mitochondrial respiration and metabolism (ATP synthase, NADUF, and UQCR) as well as glucose uptake. This was reversed by the antibody-mediated neutralization of HMGB1. Our results support our hypothesis that, in NHBE cells, neutralization of ODE-induced HMGB1 secretion rescues OD-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Mahadev Bhat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Immunobiology Interdepartmental Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nyzil Massey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Denusha Shrestha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Locke A Karriker
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Tomislav Jelesijević
- Department of Comparative Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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Massey N, Shrestha D, Bhat SM, Padhi P, Wang C, Karriker LA, Smith JD, Kanthasamy AG, Charavaryamath C. Mitoapocynin Attenuates Organic Dust Exposure-Induced Neuroinflammation and Sensory-Motor Deficits in a Mouse Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:817046. [PMID: 35496912 PMCID: PMC9043522 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.817046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased incidences of neuro-inflammatory diseases in the mid-western United States of America (USA) have been linked to exposure to agriculture contaminants. Organic dust (OD) is a major contaminant in the animal production industry and is central to the respiratory symptoms in the exposed individuals. However, the exposure effects on the brain remain largely unknown. OD exposure is known to induce a pro-inflammatory phenotype in microglial cells. Further, blocking cytoplasmic NOX-2 using mitoapocynin (MA) partially curtail the OD exposure effects. Therefore, using a mouse model, we tested a hypothesis that inhaled OD induces neuroinflammation and sensory-motor deficits. Mice were administered with either saline, fluorescent lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), or OD extract intranasally daily for 5 days a week for 5 weeks. The saline or OD extract-exposed mice received either a vehicle or MA (3 mg/kg) orally for 3 days/week for 5 weeks. We quantified inflammatory changes in the upper respiratory tract and brain, assessed sensory-motor changes using rotarod, open-field, and olfactory test, and quantified neurochemicals in the brain. Inhaled fluorescent LPS (FL-LPS) was detected in the nasal turbinates and olfactory bulbs. OD extract exposure induced atrophy of the olfactory epithelium with reduction in the number of nerve bundles in the nasopharyngeal meatus, loss of cilia in the upper respiratory epithelium with an increase in the number of goblet cells, and increase in the thickness of the nasal epithelium. Interestingly, OD exposure increased the expression of HMGB1, 3- nitrotyrosine (NT), IBA1, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), hyperphosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in the brain. Further, OD exposure decreased time to fall (rotarod), total distance traveled (open-field test), and olfactory ability (novel scent test). Oral MA partially rescued olfactory epithelial changes and gross congestion of the brain tissue. MA treatment also decreased the expression of HMGB1, 3-NT, IBA1, GFAP, and p-Tau, and significantly reversed exposure induced sensory-motor deficits. Neurochemical analysis provided an early indication of depressive behavior. Collectively, our results demonstrate that inhalation exposure to OD can cause sustained neuroinflammation and behavior deficits through lung-brain axis and that MA treatment can dampen the OD-induced inflammatory response at the level of lung and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyzil Massey
- Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Denusha Shrestha
- Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | | | - Piyush Padhi
- Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Chong Wang
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine (VDPAM), Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Locke A. Karriker
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine (VDPAM), Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Jodi D. Smith
- Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | | | - Chandrashekhar Charavaryamath
- Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: Chandrashekhar Charavaryamath ; orcid.org/0000-0002-5217-1608
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Imamichi S, Chen L, Ito T, Tong Y, Onodera T, Sasaki Y, Nakamura S, Mauri P, Sanada Y, Igaki H, Murakami Y, Suzuki M, Itami J, Masunaga S, Masutani M. Extracellular Release of HMGB1 as an Early Potential Biomarker for the Therapeutic Response in a Xenograft Model of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:420. [PMID: 35336794 PMCID: PMC8945761 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a non-invasive therapeutic technique for treating malignant tumors, however, methods to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy and adverse reactions are lacking. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an inflammatory molecule released during cell death. Therefore, we aimed to investigate HMGB1 as a biomarker for BNCT response, by examining the early responses of tumor cells to 10B-boronophenylalanine (BPA)-based BNCT in the Kyoto University Nuclear Reactor. Extracellular HMGB1 release was significantly increased in human squamous carcinoma SAS and melanoma A375 cells 24 h after neutron irradiation but not after γ-irradiation. At 3 days post-BPA-based BNCT irradiation in a SAS xenograft mouse model, plasma HMGB1 levels were higher than those in the non-irradiation control, and HMGB1 was detected in both nuclei and cytoplasm in tumor cells. Additionally, increased plasma HMGB1 levels post-BNCT irradiation were detected even when tumors decreased in size. Collectively, these results indicate that the extracellular HMGB1 release occurs at an early stage and is persistent when tumors are reduced in size; therefore, it is a potential biomarker for evaluating the therapeutic response during BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Imamichi
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (S.I.); (L.C.); (Y.T.); (T.O.); (Y.S.)
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
- Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Division of BNCT, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.N.); (H.I.); (J.I.)
| | - Lichao Chen
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (S.I.); (L.C.); (Y.T.); (T.O.); (Y.S.)
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
- Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tasuku Ito
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan;
| | - Ying Tong
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (S.I.); (L.C.); (Y.T.); (T.O.); (Y.S.)
| | - Takae Onodera
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (S.I.); (L.C.); (Y.T.); (T.O.); (Y.S.)
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
- Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yuka Sasaki
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (S.I.); (L.C.); (Y.T.); (T.O.); (Y.S.)
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Nakamura
- Division of BNCT, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.N.); (H.I.); (J.I.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - PierLuigi Mauri
- Clinical Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, 93-20054 Milan, Italy;
| | - Yu Sanada
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kumatori 590-0494, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Hiroshi Igaki
- Division of BNCT, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.N.); (H.I.); (J.I.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Murakami
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan;
| | - Minoru Suzuki
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kumatori 590-0494, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Jun Itami
- Division of BNCT, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.N.); (H.I.); (J.I.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Masunaga
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kumatori 590-0494, Japan; (Y.S.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (S.I.); (L.C.); (Y.T.); (T.O.); (Y.S.)
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
- Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Division of BNCT, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.N.); (H.I.); (J.I.)
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12
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Targeting HMGB1 for the treatment of sepsis and sepsis-induced organ injury. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:520-528. [PMID: 34040166 PMCID: PMC8888646 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00676-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein that is present in almost all cells and regulates the activity of innate immune responses in both intracellular and extracellular settings. Current evidence suggests that HMGB1 plays a pivotal role in human pathological and pathophysiological processes such as the inflammatory response, immune reactions, cell migration, aging, and cell death. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that occurs in hosts in response to microbial infections with a proven or suspected infectious etiology and is the leading cause of death in intensive care units worldwide, particularly in the aging population. Dysregulated systemic inflammation is a classic characteristic of sepsis, and suppression of HMGB1 may ameliorate inflammation and improve patient outcomes. Here, we focus on the latest breakthroughs regarding the roles of HMGB1 in sepsis and sepsis-related organ injury, the ways by which HMGB1 are released, and the signaling pathways and therapeutics associated with HMGB1. This review highlights recent advances related to HMGB1: the regulation of HMBG1 might be helpful for both basic research and drug development for the treatment of sepsis and sepsis-related organ injury.
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13
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Sahakian L, McQuade R, Stavely R, Robinson A, Filippone RT, Hassanzadeganroudsari M, Eri R, Abalo R, Bornstein JC, Kelley MR, Nurgali K. Molecular Targets to Alleviate Enteric Neuropathy and Gastrointestinal Dysfunction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1383:221-228. [PMID: 36587161 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-05843-1_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Enteric neuropathy underlies long-term gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction associated with several pathological conditions. Our previous studies have demonstrated that structural and functional changes in the enteric nervous system (ENS) result in persistent alterations of intestinal functions long after the acute insult. These changes lead to aberrant immune response and chronic dysregulation of the epithelial barrier. Damage to the ENS is prognostic of disease progression and plays an important role in the recurrence of clinical manifestations. This suggests that the ENS is a viable therapeutic target to alleviate chronic intestinal dysfunction. Our recent studies in preclinical animal models have progressed into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of enteric neuropathy in various chronic GI disorders. We have tested the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective efficacy of novel compounds targeting specific molecular pathways. Ex vivo studies in human tissues freshly collected after resection surgeries provide an understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in enteric neuropathy. In vivo treatments in animal models provide data on the efficacy and the mechanisms of actions of the novel compounds and their combinations with clinically used therapies. These novel findings provide avenues for the development of safe, cost-effective, and highly efficacious treatments of GI disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Sahakian
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel McQuade
- Department of Medicine Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhian Stavely
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ainsley Robinson
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhiannon T Filippone
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Majid Hassanzadeganroudsari
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Raj Eri
- University of Tasmania, School of Health Sciences, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, Alcorcón, Spain.,Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Working Group of Basic Sciences in Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Pain Society (Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia de la Sociedad Española del Dolor), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joel C Bornstein
- Department of Physiology, Melbourne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark R Kelley
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Departments of Pediatrics, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Pharmacology & Toxicology, Program in Pediatric Molecular Oncology & Experimental Therapeutics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Department of Medicine Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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14
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Shi M, Zhang X, Zhang R, Zhang H, Zhu D, Han X. Glycyrrhizic acid promotes sciatic nerves recovery in type 1 diabetic rats and protects Schwann cells from high glucose-induced cytotoxicity. J Biomed Res 2022; 36:181-194. [PMID: 35578754 PMCID: PMC9179113 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.36.20210198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Xiangcheng Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, the Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Ridong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China
- Hong Zhang, Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 6 West Beijing Road, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China. Tel: +86-517-80872128, E-mail:
| | - Dalong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
- Dalong Zhu, Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China. Tel: +86-25-83304616, E-mail:
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Xiao Han, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China. Tel: +86-25-86869426, E-mail:
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15
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Barreiro-Alonso A, Lamas-Maceiras M, Lorenzo-Catoira L, Pardo M, Yu L, Choudhary JS, Cerdán ME. HMGB1 Protein Interactions in Prostate and Ovary Cancer Models Reveal Links to RNA Processing and Ribosome Biogenesis through NuRD, THOC and Septin Complexes. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184686. [PMID: 34572914 PMCID: PMC8466577 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary HMGB1 over-expression is associated to prostate and ovary cancers: in this work, using a proteomic approach, we aimed to discover new protein interactions that might contribute to understand the oncogenic function of HMGB1 in cancers models. Our findings show that HMGB1 interacts with components of the NuRD, THOC and septin complexes, revealing new connections of HMGB1 functions to RNA processing and ribosome biogenesis. Results might contribute to consider the components of these interactomes as targets for diagnosis and therapy in future studies. Abstract This study reports the HMGB1 interactomes in prostate and ovary cancer cells lines. Affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry confirmed that the HMGB1 nuclear interactome is involved in HMGB1 known functions such as maintenance of chromatin stability and regulation of transcription, and also in not as yet reported processes such as mRNA and rRNA processing. We have identified an interaction between HMGB1 and the NuRD complex and validated this by yeast-two-hybrid, confirming that the RBBP7 subunit directly interacts with HMGB1. In addition, we describe for the first time an interaction between two HMGB1 interacting complexes, the septin and THOC complexes, as well as an interaction of these two complexes with Rab11. Analysis of Pan-Cancer Atlas public data indicated that several genes encoding HMGB1-interacting proteins identified in this study are dysregulated in tumours from patients diagnosed with ovary and prostate carcinomas. In PC-3 cells, silencing of HMGB1 leads to downregulation of the expression of key regulators of ribosome biogenesis and RNA processing, namely BOP1, RSS1, UBF1, KRR1 and LYAR. Upregulation of these genes in prostate adenocarcinomas is correlated with worse prognosis, reinforcing their functional significance in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Barreiro-Alonso
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (L.L.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de A Zapateira, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain
- Functional Proteomics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK; (M.P.); (L.Y.); (J.S.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.-A.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Mónica Lamas-Maceiras
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (L.L.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de A Zapateira, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Lidia Lorenzo-Catoira
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (L.L.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de A Zapateira, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mercedes Pardo
- Functional Proteomics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK; (M.P.); (L.Y.); (J.S.C.)
| | - Lu Yu
- Functional Proteomics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK; (M.P.); (L.Y.); (J.S.C.)
| | - Jyoti S. Choudhary
- Functional Proteomics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK; (M.P.); (L.Y.); (J.S.C.)
| | - M. Esperanza Cerdán
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (L.L.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de A Zapateira, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.B.-A.); (M.E.C.)
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16
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Luo Y, Li Z, Ge P, Guo H, Li L, Zhang G, Xu C, Chen H. Comprehensive Mechanism, Novel Markers and Multidisciplinary Treatment of Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Cardiac Injury - A Narrative Review. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:3145-3169. [PMID: 34285540 PMCID: PMC8286248 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s310990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the common acute abdominal inflammatory diseases in clinic with acute onset and rapid progress. About 20% of the patients will eventually develop into severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) characterized by a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration, gland flocculus flaky necrosis and hemorrhage, finally inducing systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Pancreatic enzyme activation, intestinal endotoxemia (IETM), cytokine activation, microcirculation disturbance, autonomic nerve dysfunction and autophagy dysregulation all play an essential role in the occurrence and progression of SAP. Organ dysfunction is the main cause of early death in SAP. Acute kidney injury (AKI) and acute lung injury (ALI) are common, while cardiac injury (CI) is not, but the case fatality risk is high. Many basic studies have observed obvious ultrastructure change of heart in SAP, including myocardial edema, cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial interstitial collagen deposition. Moreover, in clinical practice, patients with SAP often presented various abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) and cardiac function. Cases complicated with acute myocardial infarction and pericardial tamponade have also been reported and even result in stress cardiomyopathy. Due to the molecular mechanisms underlying SAP-associated cardiac injury (SACI) remain poorly understood, and there is no complete, unified treatment and sovereign remedy at present, this article reviews reports referring to the pathogenesis, potential markers and treatment methods of SACI in recent years, in order to improve the understanding of cardiac injury in severe pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- YaLan Luo
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - ZhaoXia Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Ge
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - HaoYa Guo
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - GuiXin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - CaiMing Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - HaiLong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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17
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Organic dust exposure induces stress response and mitochondrial dysfunction in monocytic cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 155:699-718. [PMID: 33755775 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-021-01978-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to airborne organic dust (OD), rich in microbial pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), is shown to induce lung inflammation. A common manifestation in lung inflammation is altered mitochondrial structure and bioenergetics that regulate mitochondrial ROS (mROS) and feed a vicious cycle of mitochondrial dysfunction. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in other airway diseases is well known. However, whether OD exposure induces mitochondrial dysfunction remains elusive. Therefore, we tested a hypothesis that organic dust extract (ODE) exposure induces mitochondrial stress using a human monocytic cell line (THP1). We examined whether co-exposure to ethyl pyruvate (EP) or mitoapocynin (MA) could rescue ODE exposure induced mitochondrial changes. Transmission electron micrographs showed significant differences in cellular and organelle morphology upon ODE exposure. ODE exposure with and without EP co-treatment increased the mtDNA leakage into the cytosol. Next, ODE exposure increased PINK1, Parkin, cytoplasmic cytochrome c levels, and reduced mitochondrial mass and cell viability, indicating mitophagy. MA treatment was partially protective by decreasing Parkin expression, mtDNA and cytochrome c release and increasing cell viability.
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18
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HΜGB1/sRAGE levels differ significantly between transudates and exudates. Cytokine 2021; 141:155469. [PMID: 33607399 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1(HMGB1) protein operates as an alarmin with multiple roles in immunity and cell homeostasis. It is highly expressed in epithelial barrier sites and acts via the binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Production of HMGB1 and soluble RAGE (sRAGE), a decoy receptor for HMGB1, has been implicated in several pulmonary diseases, but both have been scarcely investigated in pleural diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of HMGB1 and sRAGE in transudative, malignant and parapneumonic pleural effusions (PEs) and to investigate the effect of low and high HMGB1 pleural fluid levels on MeT-5A cell adhesion, migration and spheroid formation, in each group. HMGB1 and sRAGE levels were significantly lower and higher in transudative PEs compared to malignant and parapneumonic PEs, respectively. Patients above 65 years of age had significantly lower HMGB1 and higher sRAGE levels compared to patients below 65 years old. Furthermore, incubation of MeT-5A cells with malignant or parapneumonic PEs bearing low or high levels of HMGB1 yielded significant differential effects on MeT-5A cell adhesion, migration and spheroid formation. In all types of effusions, high HMGB1 levels correlated with more adherence compared to low HMGB1 levels. In transudative and malignant PEs high HMGB1 levels correlated with decreased migration of MeT-5A cells while in parapneumonic ones the effect was the opposite. Only samples from parapneumonic PEs high in HMGB1 achieved uniform spheroid formation. These results reveal a clinical context-dependent effect of the HMGB1/sRAGE axis in PEs.
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19
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Niu L, Yang W, Duan L, Wang X, Li Y, Xu C, Liu C, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Liu J, Zhao Q, Han Y, Hong L, Fan D. Biological functions and theranostic potential of HMGB family members in human cancers. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920970850. [PMID: 33224279 PMCID: PMC7659026 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920970850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mobility group box (HMGB) protein family consists of four members: HMGB1, 2, 3, and 4. They share similar amino acid sequences and identical functional regions, especially HMGB1, 2, and 3. The homology in structure may lead to similarity in function. In fact, though their targets may be different, they all possess the fundamental function of binding and distorting target DNAs. However, further research confirmed they are distributed differently in tissues and involved in various distinct physiological and pathological cellular processes, including cell proliferation, division, migration, and differentiation. Recently, the roles of HMGB family members in carcinogenesis has been widely investigated; however, systematic discussion on their functions and clinical values in malignant tumors is limited. In this review, we mainly review and summarize recent advances in knowledge of HMGB family members in terms of structure, distribution, biochemical cascades, and specific mechanisms regarding tumor progression. Importantly, the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value of these proteins in cancers is discussed. Finally, we envisage the orientation and challenges of this field in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liaoran Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lili Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yiding Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chengchao Xu
- 94719 Military Hospital, Ji'an, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Liu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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20
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Dickey B, Madhu LN, Shetty AK. Gulf War Illness: Mechanisms Underlying Brain Dysfunction and Promising Therapeutic Strategies. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 220:107716. [PMID: 33164782 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gulf War Illness (GWI), a chronic multisymptom health problem, afflicts ~30% of veterans served in the first GW. Impaired brain function is among the most significant symptoms of GWI, which is typified by persistent cognitive and mood impairments, concentration problems, headaches, chronic fatigue, and musculoskeletal pain. This review aims to discuss findings from animal prototypes and veterans with GWI on mechanisms underlying its pathophysiology and emerging therapeutic strategies for alleviating brain dysfunction in GWI. Animal model studies have linked brain impairments to incessantly elevated oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, inhibitory interneuron loss, altered lipid metabolism and peroxisomes, mitochondrial dysfunction, modified expression of genes relevant to cognitive function, and waned hippocampal neurogenesis. Furthermore, the involvement of systemic alterations such as the increased intensity of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines in the blood, transformed gut microbiome, and activation of the adaptive immune response have received consideration. Investigations in veterans have suggested that brain dysfunction in GWI is linked to chronic activation of the executive control network, impaired functional connectivity, altered blood flow, persistent inflammation, and changes in miRNA levels. Lack of protective alleles from Class II HLA genes, the altered concentration of phospholipid species and proinflammatory factors in the circulating blood have also been suggested as other aiding factors. While some drugs or combination therapies have shown promise for alleviating symptoms in clinical trials, larger double-blind, placebo-controlled trials are needed to validate such findings. Based on improvements seen in animal models of GWI, several antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds are currently being tested in clinical trials. However, reliable blood biomarkers that facilitate an appropriate screening of veterans for brain pathology need to be discovered. A liquid biopsy approach involving analysis of brain-derived extracellular vesicles in the blood appears efficient for discerning the extent of neuropathology both before and during clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Dickey
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA; Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Leelavathi N Madhu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ashok K Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA.
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21
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Maysinger D, Zhang Q, Kakkar A. Dendrimers as Modulators of Brain Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:E4489. [PMID: 33007959 PMCID: PMC7582352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanostructured hyperbranched macromolecules have been extensively studied at the chemical, physical and morphological levels. The cellular structural and functional complexity of neural cells and their cross-talk have made it rather difficult to evaluate dendrimer effects in a mixed population of glial cells and neurons. Thus, we are at a relatively early stage of bench-to-bedside translation, and this is due mainly to the lack of data valuable for clinical investigations. It is only recently that techniques have become available that allow for analyses of biological processes inside the living cells, at the nanoscale, in real time. This review summarizes the essential properties of neural cells and dendrimers, and provides a cross-section of biological, pre-clinical and early clinical studies, where dendrimers were used as nanocarriers. It also highlights some examples of biological studies employing dendritic polyglycerol sulfates and their effects on glia and neurons. It is the aim of this review to encourage young scientists to advance mechanistic and technological approaches in dendrimer research so that these extremely versatile and attractive nanostructures gain even greater recognition in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada;
| | - Qiaochu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada;
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
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22
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Cámara-Quílez M, Barreiro-Alonso A, Rodríguez-Bemonte E, Quindós-Varela M, Cerdán ME, Lamas-Maceiras M. Differential Characteristics of HMGB2 Versus HMGB1 and their Perspectives in Ovary and Prostate Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:3271-3289. [PMID: 30674244 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190123120338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We have summarized common and differential functions of HMGB1 and HMGB2 proteins with reference to pathological processes, with a special focus on cancer. Currently, several "omic" approaches help us compare the relative expression of these 2 proteins in healthy and cancerous human specimens, as well as in a wide range of cancer-derived cell lines, or in fetal versus adult cells. Molecules that interfere with HMGB1 functions, though through different mechanisms, have been extensively tested as therapeutic agents in animal models in recent years, and their effects are summarized. The review concludes with a discussion on the perspectives of HMGB molecules as targets in prostate and ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cámara-Quílez
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigacions Cientificas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Bioloxia. Facultade de Ciencias, INIBIC- Universidade da Coruna, Campus de A Zapateira, 15071, A Coruna, Spain
| | - Aida Barreiro-Alonso
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigacions Cientificas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Bioloxia. Facultade de Ciencias, INIBIC- Universidade da Coruna, Campus de A Zapateira, 15071, A Coruna, Spain
| | - Esther Rodríguez-Bemonte
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigacions Cientificas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Bioloxia. Facultade de Ciencias, INIBIC- Universidade da Coruna, Campus de A Zapateira, 15071, A Coruna, Spain
| | - María Quindós-Varela
- Translational Cancer Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Carretera del Pasaje s/n, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - M Esperanza Cerdán
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigacions Cientificas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Bioloxia. Facultade de Ciencias, INIBIC- Universidade da Coruna, Campus de A Zapateira, 15071, A Coruna, Spain
| | - Mónica Lamas-Maceiras
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigacions Cientificas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Bioloxia. Facultade de Ciencias, INIBIC- Universidade da Coruna, Campus de A Zapateira, 15071, A Coruna, Spain
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23
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Kaur I, Behl T, Bungau S, Kumar A, Mehta V, Setia D, Uddin MS, Zengin G, Aleya L, Arora S. Exploring the therapeutic promise of targeting HMGB1 in rheumatoid arthritis. Life Sci 2020; 258:118164. [PMID: 32739467 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein is a diverse, single polypeptide moiety, present in mammalian eukaryotic cells. In response to stimuli, this nuclear protein is actively secreted in to the extracellular compartment or passively released by the necrotic cells, in order to mediate inflammatory responses, by forming complexes with IL-1α, IL-1β, LPS and other moieties, and binding to RAGE, TLR and other receptor ligands, initiating downstream, signaling processes. This molecule acts as a proinflammatory cytokine and contributes to the progression of diseases like, acute lung injury, autoimmune liver damage, graft rejection immune response and arthritis. Small concentrations of HMGB1 are released during apoptosis, which facilitates oxidative regulation on Cys106, and propagates immune inactivating tolerogenic signals in the body. The review portrays the role of HMGB1 in rheumatoid arthritis, evidently supported by pre-clinical and clinical investigations, demonstrating extensive HMGB1 expression in synovial tissue and fluid as well as serum, excessive expression of transduction receptor signaling molecules, bone remodeling and uncontrolled expression of bone destroying osteoclastogenesis, resulting in destruction of articular cartilage, bone deformation and synovial proliferation, alleviating the pathogenesis in RA disease. Moreover, the review highlights the therapeutic regime targeting HMGB1, facilitating inhibition of its actions and release into the extracellular compartment, to ameliorate the destructive events that prevail in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishnoor Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine of Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Vineet Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Distt. Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dhruv Setia
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Campus, Konya, Turkey; Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, France
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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Chen Q, Zhang Y, Yue ZD, Zhao HW, Wang L, Fan ZH, Liu FQ. High-mobility group protein B1: A predictive biomarker for hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2020; 27:522-530. [PMID: 32463549 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate whether portal level of high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) is associated with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). METHODS We enrolled 127 consecutive patients who underwent TIPS and collected portal and peripheral blood samples in our department from December 2017 to May 2019. HMGB1 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. HMGB1 and other HE related parameters were estimated by competing risk analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS Patients with HE after TIPS were older (P = .019) and had higher portal HMGB1 level (P = .038) than those without. Univariate competing risk analysis: age (sHR 1.025, P = .026), hepatorenal syndrome (sHR 3.149, P = .010), model for end-of-stage liver disease (MELD) score (sHR 1.055, P = .024), prior HE (sHR 4.029, P = .0005), portal HMGB1 before TIPS (sHR 1.177, P = .001) reached statistical significance. Multivariate analysis: age (sHR 1.025, P = .037), MELD score (sHR 1.062, P = .011), prior HE (sHR 2.492, P = .030) and portal HMGB1 level before TIPS (sHR 1.217, P = .0002) were significantly different. ROC analyses and Kaplan-Meier curve showed portal HMGB1 level changes before and after TIPS (ΔHMGB1) had good predictive value in the cut-off 0.012 ng/mL (AUC = 0.748, P < .001, Sensitivity = 0.743, Specificity = 0.655). CONCLUSIONS Portal HMGB1 may be a therapeutic target for post-TIPS HE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Chen
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Dong Yue
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhao
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Fan
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Quan Liu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
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25
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Glycyrrhizin: An alternative drug for the treatment of COVID-19 infection and the associated respiratory syndrome? Pharmacol Ther 2020; 214:107618. [PMID: 32592716 PMCID: PMC7311916 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Safe and efficient drugs to combat the current COVID-19 pandemic are urgently needed. In this context, we have analyzed the anti-coronavirus potential of the natural product glycyrrhizic acid (GLR), a drug used to treat liver diseases (including viral hepatitis) and specific cutaneous inflammation (such as atopic dermatitis) in some countries. The properties of GLR and its primary active metabolite glycyrrhetinic acid are presented and discussed. GLR has shown activities against different viruses, including SARS-associated Human and animal coronaviruses. GLR is a non-hemolytic saponin and a potent immuno-active anti-inflammatory agent which displays both cytoplasmic and membrane effects. At the membrane level, GLR induces cholesterol-dependent disorganization of lipid rafts which are important for the entry of coronavirus into cells. At the intracellular and circulating levels, GLR can trap the high mobility group box 1 protein and thus blocks the alarmin functions of HMGB1. We used molecular docking to characterize further and discuss both the cholesterol- and HMG box-binding functions of GLR. The membrane and cytoplasmic effects of GLR, coupled with its long-established medical use as a relatively safe drug, make GLR a good candidate to be tested against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, alone and in combination with other drugs. The rational supporting combinations with (hydroxy)chloroquine and tenofovir (two drugs active against SARS-CoV-2) is also discussed. Based on this analysis, we conclude that GLR should be further considered and rapidly evaluated for the treatment of patients with COVID-19.
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26
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PCV2 Induces Reactive Oxygen Species To Promote Nucleocytoplasmic Translocation of the Viral DNA Binding Protein HMGB1 To Enhance Its Replication. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.00238-20. [PMID: 32321806 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00238-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an important swine pathogen that causes significant economic losses to the pig industry. PCV2 interacts with host cellular factors to regulate its replication. High-mobility-group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, a major nonhistone protein in the nucleus, was recently discovered to participate in viral infections. Here, we demonstrate that nuclear HMGB1 negatively regulated PCV2 replication as shown by overexpression of HMGB1 or blockage of its nucleocytoplasmic translocation with ethyl pyruvate. The B box domain was essential in restricting PCV2 replication. Nuclear HMGB1 restricted PCV2 replication by sequestering the viral genome via binding to the Ori region. However, PCV2 infection induced translocation of HMGB1 from cell nuclei to the cytoplasmic compartment. Elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by PCV2 infection was closely associated with cytosolic translocation of nuclear HMGB1. Treatment of PCV2-infected cells with ethyl pyruvate or N-acetylcysteine downregulated PCV2-induced ROS production, suppressed nucleocytoplasmic HMGB1 translocation, and decreased PCV2 replication. Collectively, these findings offer new insight into the mechanism of the PCV2 evasion strategy: PCV2 manages to escape restriction of its replication by nuclear HMGB1 by inducing ROS to trigger the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation of HMGB1.IMPORTANCE Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a small DNA virus that depends heavily on host cells for its infection. This study reports the close relationship between subcellular localization of host high-mobility-group box 1 (HMGB1) protein and viral replication during PCV2 infection. Restriction of PCV2 replication by nuclear HMGB1 is the early step of host defense at the host-pathogen interface. PCV2 then upregulates host reactive oxygen species (ROS) to prevent sequestration of its genome by expelling nuclear HMGB1 into the cytosol. It will be interesting to study if a similar evasion strategy is employed by other circoviruses such as beak and feather disease virus, recently discovered PCV3, and geminiviruses in plants. This study also provides insight into the justification and pharmacological basis of antioxidants as an adjunct therapy in PCV2 infection or possibly other diseases caused by the viruses that deploy the ROS-HMGB1 interaction favoring their replication.
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Massey N, Puttachary S, Bhat SM, Kanthasamy AG, Charavaryamath C. HMGB1-RAGE Signaling Plays a Role in Organic Dust-Induced Microglial Activation and Neuroinflammation. Toxicol Sci 2020; 169:579-592. [PMID: 30859215 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Occupational exposure to contaminants in agriculture and other industries is known to cause significant respiratory ailments. The effect of organic dust on lung inflammation and tissue remodeling has been actively investigated over many years but the adverse effect of organic dust-exposure on the central vital organ brain is beginning to emerge. Brain microglial cells are a major driver of neuroinflammation upon exposure to danger signals. Therefore, we tested a hypothesis that organic dust-exposure of microglial cells induces microglial cell activation and inflammation through HMGB1-RAGE signaling. Mouse microglial cells were exposed to organic dust extract showed a time-dependent increase in cytoplasmic translocation of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) from the nucleus, increased expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and activation of Iba1 as compared to control cells. Organic dust also induced reactive oxygen species generation, NF-κB activation, and proinflammatory cytokine release. To establish a functional relevance of HMGB1-RAGE activation in microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, we used both pharmacological and genetic approaches involving HMGB1 translocation inhibitor ethyl pyruvate (EP), anti-HMGB1 siRNA, and NOX-inhibitor mitoapocynin. Interestingly, EP effectively reduced HMGB1 nucleocytoplasmic translocation and RAGE expression along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and TNF-α and IL-6 production but not NF-κB activation. HMGB1 knockdown by siRNA also reduced both ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and IL-6 levels but not TNF-α. NOX2 inhibitor mitoapocynin significantly reduced RNS levels. Collectively, our results demonstrate that organic dust activates HMGB1-RAGE signaling axis to induce a neuroinflammatory response in microglia and that attenuation of HMGB1-RAGE activation by EP and mitoapocynin treatments or genetic knockdown can dampen the neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyzil Massey
- *Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011
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James LP, McGill MR, Roberts DW, Hinson JA, Lee WM. Advances in biomarker development in acetaminophen toxicity. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 98:35-50. [PMID: 32564787 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen liver injury is the most common cause of acute liver injury in the United States and several other countries. Diagnosis of acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in the clinic is challenging due to the lack of validated and specific biomarkers. The following chapter provides an overview of recent advances evaluating candidate biomarkers in development for acetaminophen acute liver injury. Relationships of biomarkers to mechanisms of acetaminophen toxicity and their potential role in confirming the diagnosis and/or predicting evolving toxicity are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura P James
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.
| | - Mitchell R McGill
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Dean W Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Jack A Hinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - William M Lee
- Digestive and Liver Diseases Division, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
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Neuroinflammation in Gulf War Illness is linked with HMGB1 and complement activation, which can be discerned from brain-derived extracellular vesicles in the blood. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 81:430-443. [PMID: 31255677 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation are conspicuously observed in Gulf War Illness (GWI). We investigated whether brain inflammation in GWI is associated with activation of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and complement-related proteins in neurons and astrocytes, and brain inflammation can be tracked through neuron-derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) and astrocyte-derived EVs (ADEVs) found in the circulating blood. We exposed animals to GWI-related chemicals pyridostigmine bromide, DEET and permethrin, and moderate stress for 28 days. We performed behavioral tests 10 months post-exposure and quantified activated microglia and reactive astrocytes in the cerebral cortex. Then, we measured the concentration of HMGB1, proinflammatory cytokines, and complement activation-related proteins in the cerebral cortex, and NDEVs and ADEVs in the circulating blood. Cognitive impairments persisted in GWI rats at 10 months post-exposure, which were associated with increased density of activated microglia and reactive astrocytes in the cerebral cortex. Moreover, the level of HMGB1 was elevated in the cerebral cortex with altered expression in the cytoplasm of neuronal soma and dendrites as well as the extracellular space. Also, higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNFa, IL-1b, and IL-6), and complement activation-related proteins (C3 and TccC5b-9) were seen in the cerebral cortex. Remarkably, increased levels of HMGB1 and proinflammatory cytokines observed in the cerebral cortex of GWI rats could also be found in NDEVs isolated from the blood. Similarly, elevated levels of complement proteins seen in the cerebral cortex could be found in ADEVs. The results provide new evidence that persistent cognitive dysfunction and chronic neuroinflammation in a model of GWI are linked with elevated HMGB1 concentration and complement activation. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that multiple biomarkers of neuroinflammation could be tracked reliably via analyses of NDEVs and ADEVs in the circulating blood. Execution of such a liquid biopsy approach is especially useful in clinical trials for monitoring the remission, persistence or progression of brain inflammation in GWI patients with drug treatment.
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Paudel YN, Angelopoulou E, Piperi C, Balasubramaniam VR, Othman I, Shaikh MF. Enlightening the role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in inflammation: Updates on receptor signalling. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 858:172487. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ai H, Zhou W, Wang Z, Qiong G, Chen Z, Deng S. microRNAs-107 inhibited autophagy, proliferation, and migration of breast cancer cells by targeting HMGB1. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:8696-8705. [PMID: 30506984 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of microRNAs-107 (miR-107) on autophagy, proliferation, and migration of breast cancer cells and its mechanism by targeting high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1). METHODS Real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect the expression of miR-107 in breast cancer and its cell lines. In MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells, the expression of p62, Beclin1 protein, and the changes of cell proliferation and migration after overexpression of m miR-107 were detected by Western blotting, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, and transwell assays. Target Scan online prediction, dual luciferase reporter gene, and Western blot were used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-107 and HMGB1. The effects of silencing HMGB1 expression on p62, Beclin1 protein expression, cell proliferation, and migration ability were detected. The transfected MDA-MB-453 cells were inoculated into the right axilla of the nude mice, the tumor volume and weight were weighed, and the expression of miR-107, HMGB1, p62, and Beclin1 in the tumor were detected. RESULTS The expression of miR-107 was downregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines (P < 0.01). The expression of p62 protein was upregulated (P < 0.01), while Beclin1 protein was downregulated (P < 0.01) and cell proliferation and migration ability were decreased (P < 0.01) after overexpressing miR-107 in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells. The results of TargetScan online prediction, dual luciferase reporter gene, and Western blot showed that miR-107 could regulate HMGB1 expression. The expression of p62 protein was upregulated (P < 0.01), while Beclin1 protein was downregulated (P < 0.01) and cell proliferation and migration ability were decreased (P < 0.01) after silencing HMGB1 in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells. The results of xenograft experiments showed that miR-107 could delay tumor growth and inhibit autophagy. CONCLUSION miR-107 could inhibit cell autophagy, proliferation, and migration of breast cancer cells by targeting HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Ai
- Department of Breast surgery, Zhuzhou City Central Hospital, Xiangya Medical College, Certral South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Breast surgery, Zhuzhou City Central Hospital, Xiangya Medical College, Certral South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Zeqiang Wang
- Department of Breast surgery, Zhuzhou City Central Hospital, Xiangya Medical College, Certral South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Guo Qiong
- Department of Breast surgery, Zhuzhou City Central Hospital, Xiangya Medical College, Certral South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Zhouxi Chen
- Department of Breast surgery, Zhuzhou City Central Hospital, Xiangya Medical College, Certral South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Shungang Deng
- Department of General surgery, Zhuzhou City Central Hospital, Xiangya Medical College, Certral South University, Zhuzhou, China
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Zhang D, Gao M, Jin Q, Ni Y, Zhang J. Updated developments on molecular imaging and therapeutic strategies directed against necrosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:455-468. [PMID: 31193829 PMCID: PMC6543088 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death plays important roles in living organisms and is a hallmark of numerous disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, sepsis and acute pancreatitis. Moreover, cell death also plays a pivotal role in the treatment of certain diseases, for example, cancer. Noninvasive visualization of cell death contributes to gained insight into diseases, development of individualized treatment plans, evaluation of treatment responses, and prediction of patient prognosis. On the other hand, cell death can also be targeted for the treatment of diseases. Although there are many ways for a cell to die, only apoptosis and necrosis have been extensively studied in terms of cell death related theranostics. This review mainly focuses on molecular imaging and therapeutic strategies directed against necrosis. Necrosis shares common morphological characteristics including the rupture of cell membrane integrity and release of cellular contents, which provide potential biomarkers for visualization of necrosis and necrosis targeted therapy. In the present review, we summarize the updated joint efforts to develop molecular imaging probes and therapeutic strategies targeting the biomarkers exposed by necrotic cells. Moreover, we also discuss the challenges in developing necrosis imaging probes and propose several biomarkers of necrosis that deserve to be explored in future imaging and therapy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Theragnostic Laboratory, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
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Schröder M, Yusein-Myashkova S, Todorova J, Pasheva E, Ugrinova I. High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) stimulates the nuclear accumulation of p53. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1604159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Schröder
- Department of Structure and Function of Chromatin, Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev’’, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Shazie Yusein-Myashkova
- Department of Structure and Function of Chromatin, Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev’’, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jordana Todorova
- Department of Structure and Function of Chromatin, Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev’’, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Evdokia Pasheva
- Department of Structure and Function of Chromatin, Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev’’, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Department of Structure and Function of Chromatin, Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev’’, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Abstract
Autophagy is an important process of cellular degradation and has been proven to contribute to tumorigenesis. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an abundant nonhistone protein that has been widely reported to play a central role in the induction of autophagy. In nucleus, HMGB1 upregulates the expression of HSP27 to induce autophagy. In cytoplasm, the Beclin-1/PI3K-III complex can be activated by HMGB1 to promote autophagy. Extracellular HMGB1 binds to the receptor for advanced glycation end products to induce autophagy. Recent studies have shown that HMGB1-induced autophagy exerts multiple functions in various cancers like proliferation. Moreover, inhibition of HMGB1-induced autophagy can reverse chemoresistance, which is regulated by noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs and lncRNAs. Here, we provide a brief introduction to HMGB1 and HMGB1-induced autophagy in cancer. We also discuss the challenges associated with performing further investigations on this issue. HMGB1-induced autophagy exerts significant functions in cancer and has potential utility for new strategy to reverse drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Lihua Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
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Englinger B, Pirker C, Heffeter P, Terenzi A, Kowol CR, Keppler BK, Berger W. Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1519-1624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Englinger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessio Terenzi
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Kozlova AL, Valieva ME, Maluchenko NV, Studitsky VM. HMGB Proteins as DNA Chaperones That Modulate Chromatin Activity. Mol Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893318050096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Patent highlights April–May 2018. Pharm Pat Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2018-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Cao X, Xue YJ, Du JL, Xu Q, Yang XC, Zeng Y, Wang BB, Wang HZ, Liu J, Cai KZ, Ma ZR. Induction and Suppression of Innate Antiviral Responses by Hepatitis A Virus. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1865. [PMID: 30174659 PMCID: PMC6107850 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) belongs to the family Picornaviridae. It is the pathogen of acute viral hepatitis caused by fecal-oral transmission. RNA viruses are sensed by pathogen-associated pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5). PRR activation leads to production of type 1 interferon (IFN-α/β), serving as the first line of defense against viruses. However, HAV has developed various strategies to compromise the innate immune system and promote viral propagation within the host cells. The long coevolution of HAV in hosts has prompted the development of effective immune antagonism strategies that actively fight against host antiviral responses. Proteases encoded by HAV can cleave the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS, also known as IPS-1, VISA, or Cardif), TIR domain- containing adaptor inducing IFN-β (TRIF, also known as TICAM-1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) essential modulator (NEMO), which are key adaptor proteins in RIG-I-like receptor (RLR), TLR3 and NF-κB signaling, respectively. In this mini-review, we summarize all the recent progress on the interaction between HAV and the host, especially focusing on how HAV abrogates the antiviral effects of the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Engineering & Technology Research Center for Animal Cell, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Biotechnology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu-jia Xue
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Engineering & Technology Research Center for Animal Cell, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Biotechnology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiang-long Du
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Engineering & Technology Research Center for Animal Cell, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Biotechnology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Engineering & Technology Research Center for Animal Cell, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Biotechnology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue-cai Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Engineering & Technology Research Center for Animal Cell, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Biotechnology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bo-bo Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Engineering & Technology Research Center for Animal Cell, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Biotechnology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hai-zhen Wang
- Hebi Precision Medical Research Institute, People's Hospital of Hebi, Hebi, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Medical OncologyPeople's Hospital of Hebi, Hebi, China
| | - Kui-zheng Cai
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Engineering & Technology Research Center for Animal Cell, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Biotechnology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhong-ren Ma
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Engineering & Technology Research Center for Animal Cell, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioengineering & Biotechnology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Lanzhou, China
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Pajares MA, Pérez-Sala D. Mammalian Sulfur Amino Acid Metabolism: A Nexus Between Redox Regulation, Nutrition, Epigenetics, and Detoxification. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:408-452. [PMID: 29186975 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Transsulfuration allows conversion of methionine into cysteine using homocysteine (Hcy) as an intermediate. This pathway produces S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), a key metabolite for cell function, and provides 50% of the cysteine needed for hepatic glutathione synthesis. The route requires the intake of essential nutrients (e.g., methionine and vitamins) and is regulated by their availability. Transsulfuration presents multiple interconnections with epigenetics, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and glutathione synthesis, polyol and pentose phosphate pathways, and detoxification that rely mostly in the exchange of substrates or products. Major hepatic diseases, rare diseases, and sensorineural disorders, among others that concur with oxidative stress, present impaired transsulfuration. Recent Advances: In contrast to the classical view, a nuclear branch of the pathway, potentiated under oxidative stress, is emerging. Several transsulfuration proteins regulate gene expression, suggesting moonlighting activities. In addition, abnormalities in Hcy metabolism link nutrition and hearing loss. CRITICAL ISSUES Knowledge about the crossregulation between pathways is mostly limited to the hepatic availability/removal of substrates and inhibitors. However, advances regarding protein-protein interactions involving oncogenes, identification of several post-translational modifications (PTMs), and putative moonlighting activities expand the potential impact of transsulfuration beyond methylations and Hcy. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Increasing the knowledge on transsulfuration outside the liver, understanding the protein-protein interaction networks involving these enzymes, the functional role of their PTMs, or the mechanisms controlling their nucleocytoplasmic shuttling may provide further insights into the pathophysiological implications of this pathway, allowing design of new therapeutic interventions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 408-452.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A Pajares
- 1 Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC) , Madrid, Spain .,2 Molecular Hepatology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPAZ) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- 1 Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC) , Madrid, Spain
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40
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Vinatier C, Domínguez E, Guicheux J, Caramés B. Role of the Inflammation-Autophagy-Senescence Integrative Network in Osteoarthritis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:706. [PMID: 29988615 PMCID: PMC6026810 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most common musculoskeletal disease causing chronic disability in adults. Studying cartilage aging, chondrocyte senescence, inflammation, and autophagy mechanisms have identified promising targets and pathways with clinical translatability potential. In this review, we highlight the most recent mechanistic and therapeutic preclinical models of aging with particular relevance in the context of articular cartilage and OA. Evidence supporting the role of metabolism, nuclear receptors and transcription factors, cell senescence, and circadian rhythms in the development of musculoskeletal system degeneration assure further translational efforts. This information might be useful not only to propose hypothesis and advanced models to study the molecular mechanisms underlying joint degeneration, but also to translate our knowledge into novel disease-modifying therapies for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Vinatier
- INSERM, UMR 1229, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, University of Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes, France.,University of Nantes, UFR Odontologie, Nantes, France
| | - Eduardo Domínguez
- Biofarma Research Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jerome Guicheux
- INSERM, UMR 1229, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, University of Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes, France.,University of Nantes, UFR Odontologie, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, Nantes, France
| | - Beatriz Caramés
- Grupo de Biología del Cartílago, Servicio de Reumatología. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, Sergas, A Coruña, Spain
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41
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Tang Z, Zang N, Fu Y, Ye Z, Chen S, Mo S, Ren L, Liu E. HMGB1 mediates HAdV-7 infection-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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He M, Bianchi ME, Coleman TR, Tracey KJ, Al-Abed Y. Exploring the biological functional mechanism of the HMGB1/TLR4/MD-2 complex by surface plasmon resonance. Mol Med 2018; 24:21. [PMID: 30134799 PMCID: PMC6085627 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-018-0023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) was first identified as a nonhistone chromatin-binding protein that functions as a pro-inflammatory cytokine and a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern molecule when released from necrotic cells or activated leukocytes. HMGB1 consists of two structurally similar HMG boxes that comprise the pro-inflammatory (B-box) and the anti-inflammatory (A-box) domains. Paradoxically, the A-box also contains the epitope for the well-characterized anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody "2G7", which also potently inhibits HMGB1-mediated inflammation in a wide variety of in vivo models. The molecular mechanisms through which the A-box domain inhibits the inflammatory activity of HMGB1 and 2G7 exerts anti-inflammatory activity after binding the A-box domain have been a mystery. Recently, we demonstrated that: 1) the TLR4/MD-2 receptor is required for HMGB1-mediated cytokine production and 2) the HMGB1-TLR4/MD-2 interaction is controlled by the redox state of HMGB1 isoforms. METHODS We investigated the interactions of HMGB1 isoforms (redox state) or HMGB1 fragments (A- and B-box) with TLR4/MD-2 complex using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) studies. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that: 1) intact HMGB1 binds to TLR4 via the A-box domain with high affinity but an appreciable dissociation rate; 2) intact HMGB1 binds to MD-2 via the B-box domain with low affinity but a very slow dissociation rate; and 3) HMGB1 A-box domain alone binds to TLR4 more stably than the intact protein and thereby antagonizes HMGB1 by blocking HMGB1 from interacting with the TLR4/MD-2 complex. CONCLUSIONS These findings not only suggest a model whereby HMGB1 interacts with TLR4/MD-2 in a two-stage process but also explain how the A-box domain and 2G7 inhibit HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu He
- Center for Molecular Innovation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA.
| | - Marco E Bianchi
- Chromatin Dynamics Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele University and San Raffaele Scientific Institute IRCCS, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Tom R Coleman
- Center for Molecular Innovation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA
| | - Kevin J Tracey
- Center for Biomedical Science, and Center for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA
| | - Yousef Al-Abed
- Center for Molecular Innovation, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA.
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Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) survey intra- and extracellular spaces for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) within microbial products of infection. Recognition and binding to cognate PAMP ligand by specific PRRs initiates signaling cascades that culminate in a coordinated intracellular innate immune response designed to control infection. In particular, our immune system has evolved specialized PRRs to discriminate viral nucleic acid from host. These are critical sensors of viral RNA to trigger innate immunity in the vertebrate host. Different families of PRRs of virus infection have been defined and reveal a diversity of PAMP specificity for wide viral pathogen coverage to recognize and extinguish virus infection. In this review, we discuss recent insights in pathogen recognition by the RIG-I-like receptors, related RNA helicases, Toll-like receptors, and other RNA sensor PRRs, to present emerging themes in innate immune signaling during virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan T Chow
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease and Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; , ,
| | - Michael Gale
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease and Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; , ,
| | - Yueh-Ming Loo
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease and Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; , ,
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Peng G, Han X. Glycyrrhizin ameliorates atopic dermatitis-like symptoms through inhibition of HMGB1. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 60:9-17. [PMID: 29702284 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease prevalent worldwide. This study investigated the effects of glycyrrhizin, an extract of licorice root, on the well-established model of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced AD-like symptoms in mice. The severity of dermatitis, histopathological changes, serum IgE levels, changes in expression of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), nuclear factor (NF)-κB and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. Treatment with glycyrrhizin inhibited the HMGB1 signaling cascade and ameliorated the symptoms of AD. Furthermore, in an in vitro study, the expression of RAGE was detected in a mouse mast cell line, P815 cells, and rmHMGB1 was found to be a potent inducer of mast cell activation by increasing Ca2+ influx, upregulating the CD117 and activating NF-κB signaling; these effects were also inhibited by glycyrrhizin. These findings implicate HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of AD and suggest that GL could be an effective therapeutic approach for cutaneous inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Ge Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Xiuping Han
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
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45
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Gao T, Chen Z, Chen H, Yuan H, Wang Y, Peng X, Wei C, Yang J, Xu C. Inhibition of HMGB1 mediates neuroprotection of traumatic brain injury by modulating the microglia/macrophage polarization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 497:430-436. [PMID: 29448108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microglia/Macrophages have a double-edged role in secondary brain damage after traumatic brain injury (TBI) depending on polarization toward proinflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. Recently, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was found to influence the polarization of macrophages. In this study, glycyrrhizin (GL), an inhibitor of HMGB1, was used to investigate whether the inhibition of HMGB1 could modulate microglia/macrophage polarization after TBI. The results showed that treatment with GL improved the neurological function recovery, reduced the lesion volume, and inhibited the release and expression of HMGB1 after TBI. In addition, the administration of GL suppressed M1 phenotype activation and promoted M2 phenotype activation of microglia/macrophages. In conclusion, the results suggested that GL attenuated TBI by inhibiting M1 phenotype while inducing M2 phenotype activation of microglia/macrophages, at least partly through inhibiting HMGB1. Also, targeting HMGB1 to modulate the microglia/macrophage polarization should be one potential therapeutic approach for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tielei Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, 157 Bao-jian Road, Harbin, 150081, China; Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, 157 Bao-jian Road, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Bureau, 235 Ha-shuang Road, Harbin 150088, China.
| | - He Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, 157 Bao-jian Road, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Medical Functional Experiment, Mudanjiang Medical University, 3 Tong-xiang Road, Mudanjiang 157011, China.
| | - Yuena Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 247 Bao-jian Road, Harbin 150086, China.
| | - Xue Peng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, 157 Bao-jian Road, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Can Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, 157 Bao-jian Road, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Jinxia Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, 157 Bao-jian Road, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Changqing Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, 157 Bao-jian Road, Harbin, 150081, China.
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