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Mikailov MM, Gunashev SA, Yanikova EA, Halikov AA, Bulashev AK. Indirect hemagglutination assay for diagnosing brucellosis: Past, present, and future. Vet World 2024; 17:811-819. [PMID: 38798281 PMCID: PMC11111721 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.811-819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that causes enormous losses in livestock production worldwide and has a significant public health impact. None of the brucellosis-free countries is currently able to guarantee their ability to prevent the introduction of the pathogen due to the increase in tourism and the expansion of migration. The timely identification of infected animals is an effective means of preventing brucellosis and minimizing the epidemiological risk. The tube agglutination test, Rose Bengal plate test, complement fixation test, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which are routinely used to identify seropositive productive animals, have limitations and results that do not always correlate. The indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) stands out among non-traditional methods because it is affordable, has a simple protocol, and is more reliable than classical serological tests, especially in cases of questionable and/or false-negative results. The diagnostic value of the IHA has long been studied by laboratories in several countries, but mostly by post-soviet research teams; therefore, the results continue to be published in Russian-language journals, ensuring that the local scientific community can access the results. In addition, the efficacy of this test for the diagnosis of brucellosis and other infectious diseases has not yet been reviewed. The purpose of this review was to summarize the results of studies on the development and use of IHA for the diagnosis of brucellosis and to determine the prospects for further improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Mikailov
- Laboratory of Infectious Pathology of Farm Animals, Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute, Makhachkala, Dagestan, Russia
| | - Sh. A. Gunashev
- Laboratory of Infectious Pathology of Farm Animals, Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute, Makhachkala, Dagestan, Russia
| | - E. A. Yanikova
- Laboratory of Infectious Pathology of Farm Animals, Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute, Makhachkala, Dagestan, Russia
| | - A. A. Halikov
- Laboratory of Infectious Pathology of Farm Animals, Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute, Makhachkala, Dagestan, Russia
| | - Aitbay K. Bulashev
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Technology, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana, Kazakhstan
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Barros NLC, Ribeiro ML, Freitas AR, Delai RR, Kmetiuk LB, Teixeira WSR, Appolinario CM, Pimpão CT, Ponsart C, Vicente AF, Biondo AW, Megid J. Serological and Molecular Survey of Brucella Species in Owners and Their Dogs Living on Island and Mainland Seashore Areas of Brazil. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024; 24:104-110. [PMID: 37910779 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although Brucella abortus, Brucella suis, and Brucella canis may infect humans and dogs worldwide, no study to date has assessed and compared owners and their dogs between island and mainland seashore areas. Materials and Methods: Accordingly, the study herein has applied serological tests, including Microplate Agglutination Test with 2-Mercaptoethanol, immunochromatographic assay, and Rose Bengal Test, and a Brucella genus-specific PCR assay to 195 owners and their 148 dogs living on 1 mainland seashore area and three nearby oceanic islands of southern Brazil. Results: No seropositivity to B. abortus and B. suis was detected in owner or dog sera. Anti-B. canis seropositivity was observed in 3/148 (2.0%) dogs, but no owner sample was seropositive to B. canis. In addition, all blood samples from both owners and dogs were negative on Brucella genus-specific PCR assay. Conclusions: The seropositive dogs were not related and lived on the seashore mainland area of Guaraqueçaba city. The absence of seropositivity on the islands and the low seropositivity on the seashore mainland could be attributed to geographic isolation, and suggest the low impact of the disease in the region. Despite being a zoonotic disease, brucellosis by B. canis is not included in the National Program for Control and Eradication of Brucellosis, and its diagnosis and notification are not mandatory. The presence of seropositive dogs highlights the risk to human health and the importance of epidemiological surveillance actions in the region, as well as the need for the implantation of preventive measures to avoid the transmission of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Layslla Costa Barros
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Matheus Lopes Ribeiro
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Ruana Renostro Delai
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Louise Bach Kmetiuk
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Sirley Reis Teixeira
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Camila Michele Appolinario
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Claudia Turra Pimpão
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Claire Ponsart
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), National/EU/WOAH, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Acacia Ferreira Vicente
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), National/EU/WOAH, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Jane Megid
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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Mazwi KD, Kolo FB, Jaja IF, Byaruhanga C, Hassim A, van Heerden H. Polyphasic Characterization of Brucella spp. in Livestock Slaughtered from Abattoirs in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Microorganisms 2024; 12:223. [PMID: 38276208 PMCID: PMC10819803 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In livestock, brucellosis is mainly an asymptomatic disease except when abortion occurs; therefore, two serological tests are used for diagnosis as no single test is suitable. Abattoir samples enable a combination of culture, molecular, and serological tests to detect brucellosis. This study assessed Brucella-specific PCR (ITS-PCR) to detect brucellosis and to conduct a molecular characterization of Brucella spp. isolated from PCR-positive livestock (n = 565) slaughtered at abattoirs and the appropriate sample tissue(s). ITS-PCR detected Brucella DNA in 33.6% of cattle, 14.5% of sheep, and 4.7% of pig tissues. Impure Brucella cultures from PCR-positive tissues were 43.6% (44/94) of cattle, 51.7% (15/29) of sheep, and 50% (2/4) of pigs with predominantly B. abortus identification with AMOS-PCR and low isolation of mixed B. abortus and B. melitensis in all species. In cattle, 33% of isolates were from lymph nodes, while in sheep 38.0% were from the liver and kidney and only from tonsils in pigs (2/4). Brucella infections identified with AMOS-PCR were present in seropositive and mainly seronegative (75.6-100%) livestock with the potential to cause brucellosis during pregnancy or breeding. This study demonstrated the value of the polyphasic approach, especially with chronic infections and the potential risk of these asymptomatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koketso Desiree Mazwi
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Francis Babaman Kolo
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Ishmael Festus Jaja
- Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Roodepoort, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa
| | - Charles Byaruhanga
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
- National Agricultural Research Organisation, Entebbe P.O. Box 259, Uganda
| | - Ayesha Hassim
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Henriette van Heerden
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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Qureshi KA, Parvez A, Fahmy NA, Abdel Hady BH, Kumar S, Ganguly A, Atiya A, Elhassan GO, Alfadly SO, Parkkila S, Aspatwar A. Brucellosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment-a comprehensive review. Ann Med 2024; 55:2295398. [PMID: 38165919 PMCID: PMC10769134 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2295398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is a pervasive zoonotic disease caused by various Brucella species. It mainly affects livestock and wildlife and poses significant public health threats, especially in regions with suboptimal hygiene, food safety, and veterinary care standards. Human contractions occur by consuming contaminated animal products or interacting with infected animals. Objective: This study aims to provide an updated understanding of brucellosis, from its epidemiology and pathogenesis to diagnosis and treatment strategies. It emphasizes the importance of ongoing research, knowledge exchange, and interdisciplinary collaboration for effective disease control and prevention, highlighting its global health implications. Methods: Pathogenesis involves intricate interactions between bacteria and the host immune system, resulting in chronic infections characterized by diverse clinical manifestations. The diagnostic process is arduous owing to non-specific symptomatology and sampling challenges, necessitating a fusion of clinical and laboratory evaluations, including blood cultures, serological assays, and molecular methods. Management typically entails multiple antibiotics, although the rise in antibiotic-resistant Brucella strains poses a problem. Animal vaccination is a potential strategy to curb the spread of infection, particularly within livestock populations. Results: The study provides insights into the complex pathogenesis of brucellosis, the challenges in its diagnosis, and the management strategies involving antibiotic therapy and animal vaccination. It also highlights the emerging issue of antibiotic-resistant Brucella strains. Conclusions: In conclusion, brucellosis is a significant zoonotic disease with implications for public health. Efforts should be directed towards improved diagnostic methods, antibiotic stewardship to combat antibiotic resistance, and developing and implementing effective animal vaccination programs. Interdisciplinary collaboration and ongoing research are crucial for addressing the global health implications of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Adil Parvez
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nada A. Fahmy
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Biomedical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Faculty of Applied Health Science, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Bassant H. Abdel Hady
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Biomedical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shweta Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Anusmita Ganguly
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Akhtar Atiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal O. Elhassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed O. Alfadly
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
- Fimlab Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
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Effects of fatty acid mixtures on proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in dairy cows. Vet Res Commun 2022; 47:969-973. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-10024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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Garcia J, Felix M, Cordobés F, Guerrero A. Effect of solvent and additives on the electrospinnability of BSA solutions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112683. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Dursun AD, Borsa BA, Bayramoglu G, Arica MY, Ozalp VC. Surface plasmon resonance aptasensor for Brucella detection in milk. Talanta 2021; 239:123074. [PMID: 34809985 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) aptasensor was developed for the detection of Brucella melitensis (B. melitensis) in milk samples. Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease with global distribution caused mostly by contaminated milk or their products. Aptamers recognizing B. melitensis were selected following a whole bacteria-SELEX procedure. Two aptamers were chosen for high affinity and high specificity. The high affinity aptamer (B70 aptamer) was immobilized on the surface of magnetic silica core-shell nanoparticles for initial purification of the target bacteria cells from milk matrix. Another aptamer, highly specific for B. melitensis cells (B46 aptamer), was used to prepare SPR sensor chips for sensitive determination of Brucella in eluted samples from magnetic purification since direct injection of milk samples to SPR sensor chips is known for a high background unspecific signal. Thus, we integrated a quick and efficient magnetic isolation step for subsequent instant detection of B. melitensis contamination in one ml of milk sample by SPR with a LOD value as low as 27 ± 11 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali D Dursun
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Atilim University, 06830, Ankara, Turkey; Vocational School of Health Services, Atilim University, 06830, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Baris A Borsa
- Linköping University, Molecular Physics and Nanoscience (MOLYT), Nucleic Acids Technology Lab (Nat-Lab), Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gulay Bayramoglu
- Biochemical Processing and Biomaterial Research Laboratory, Gazi University, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Gazi University, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Yakup Arica
- Biochemical Processing and Biomaterial Research Laboratory, Gazi University, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Veli C Ozalp
- Department of Biology, Medical School, Atilim University, 06830, Ankara, Turkey.
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Ngamkala S, Angkawanish T, Nokkaew W, Thongtip N. Serological study on brucellosis in captive elephants ( Elephas maximus) and stray dogs in North Thailand. Vet World 2020; 13:1992-1997. [PMID: 33132616 PMCID: PMC7566264 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1992-1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Brucellosis is considered as an important zoonotic disease caused by various strains of Brucella in numerous host species. Although brucellosis has been reported in almost animal species, the relevance of brucellosis infection and diagnostic technique in Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) has been limited. The present serological investigation aimed to investigate the antibody response to Brucella abortus in captive Asian elephants in North Thailand. Moreover, further serological survey was also conducted to detect the antibody response to Brucella canis in stray dogs cohabiting the same area as the elephant herd. Materials and Methods: Serum samples were collected from 40 captive Asian elephants and submitted for serological analysis based on B. abortus antigen using Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) in combination with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-tube agglutination test (EDTA-TAT) as a supplementary test and by commercial indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). In addition, serum samples were also obtained from 16 stray dogs that live nearby the elephant-raising area and were tested using commercial Dot-ELISA based on B. canis antigen. Results: Serological analysis in captive Asian elephants showed 100% seronegative (40/40) from all serological tests response to B. abortus. For stray dogs, 12.5% (2/16) had a low positive reaction response to B. canis. Conclusion: The serological survey for brucellosis in Asian elephant was adapted and applied using RBPT, EDTA-TAT, and iELISA in the present study. For future evaluation, we recommended the use of a combination of serological tests with validation together with comparing by direct detection such as bacterial isolation to provide an appropriate brucellosis surveillance program in Asian elephants. In addition, the surveillance of stray dogs or multispecies habitation should be kept into considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchanit Ngamkala
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Taweepoke Angkawanish
- The National Elephant Institute, The Forest Industry Organization, Lampang 52190, Thailand
| | - Weerapun Nokkaew
- Clinic for Wildlife, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok 10530, Thailand
| | - Nikorn Thongtip
- Department of Large Animal and Wildlife Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand.,Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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