1
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Minor Kinases with Major Roles in Cytokinesis Regulation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223639. [PMID: 36429067 PMCID: PMC9688779 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis, the conclusive act of cell division, allows cytoplasmic organelles and chromosomes to be faithfully partitioned between two daughter cells. In animal organisms, its accurate regulation is a fundamental task for normal development and for preventing aneuploidy. Cytokinesis failures produce genetically unstable tetraploid cells and ultimately result in chromosome instability, a hallmark of cancer cells. In animal cells, the assembly and constriction of an actomyosin ring drive cleavage furrow ingression, resulting in the formation of a cytoplasmic intercellular bridge, which is severed during abscission, the final event of cytokinesis. Kinase-mediated phosphorylation is a crucial process to orchestrate the spatio-temporal regulation of the different stages of cytokinesis. Several kinases have been described in the literature, such as cyclin-dependent kinase, polo-like kinase 1, and Aurora B, regulating both furrow ingression and/or abscission. However, others exist, with well-established roles in cell-cycle progression but whose specific role in cytokinesis has been poorly investigated, leading to considering these kinases as "minor" actors in this process. Yet, they deserve additional attention, as they might disclose unexpected routes of cell division regulation. Here, we summarize the role of multifunctional kinases in cytokinesis with a special focus on those with a still scarcely defined function during cell cleavage. Moreover, we discuss their implication in cancer.
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2
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D'Amore C, Moro E, Borgo C, Itami K, Hirota T, Pinna LA, Salvi M. "Janus" efficacy of CX-5011: CK2 inhibition and methuosis induction by independent mechanisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118807. [PMID: 32745724 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Methuosis has been described as a distinctive form of cell death characterized by the displacement of large fluid-filled vacuoles derived from uncontrolled macropinocytosis. Its induction has been proposed as a new strategy against cancer cells. Small molecules, such as indole-based calchones, have been identified as methuosis inducers and, recently, the CK2 inhibitor CX-4945 has been shown to have a similar effect on different cell types. However, the contribution of protein kinase CK2 to methuosis signalling is still controversial. Here we show that methuosis is not related to CK2 activity since it is not affected by structurally unrelated CK2 inhibitors and genetic reduction/ablation of CK2 subunits. Interestingly, CX-5011, a CK2 inhibitor related to CX-4945, behaves as a CK2-independent methuosis inducer, four times more powerful than its parental compound and capable to promote the formation on enlarged cytosolic vacuoles at low micromolar concentrations. We show that pharmacological inhibition of the small GTPase Rac-1, its downregulation by siRNA treatment, or the over-expression of the dominant-negative mutated form of Rac-1 (Rac-1 T17N), impairs CX-5011 ability to induce methuosis. Furthermore, cell treatment with CX-5011 induces a durable activation of Rac-1 that persists for at least 24 h. Worthy of note, CX-5011 is able to promote macropinocytosis not only in mammalian cells, but also in an in-vivo zebrafish model. Based on these evidences, CX-5011 is, therefore, proposed as a potential promising compound for cancer therapies for its dual efficacy as an inhibitor of the pro-survival kinase CK2 and inducer of methuosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio D'Amore
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy.
| | - Enrico Moro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy
| | - Christian Borgo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hirota
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Lorenzo A Pinna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy
| | - Mauro Salvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy.
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3
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Deciphering the role of protein kinase CK2 in the maturation/stability of F508del-CFTR. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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4
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Magliozzi R, Carrero ZI, Low TY, Yuniati L, Valdes-Quezada C, Kruiswijk F, van Wijk K, Heck AJR, Jackson CL, Guardavaccaro D. Inheritance of the Golgi Apparatus and Cytokinesis Are Controlled by Degradation of GBF1. Cell Rep 2019; 23:3381-3391.e4. [PMID: 29898406 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although much is known about how chromosome segregation is coupled to cell division, how intracellular organelles partition during mitotic division is poorly understood. We report that the phosphorylation-dependent degradation of the ARFGEF GBF1 regulates organelle trafficking during cell division. We show that, in mitosis, GBF1 is phosphorylated on Ser292 and Ser297 by casein kinase-2 allowing recognition by the F-box protein βTrCP. GBF1 interaction with βTrCP recruits GBF1 to the SCFβTrCP ubiquitin ligase complex, triggering its degradation. Phosphorylation and degradation of GBF1 occur along microtubules at the intercellular bridge of telophase cells and are required for Golgi membrane positioning and postmitotic Golgi reformation. Indeed, expression of a non-degradable GBF1 mutant inhibits the transport of the Golgi cluster adjacent to the midbody toward the Golgi twin positioned next to the centrosome and results in defective Golgi reassembly and cytokinesis failure. These findings define a mechanism that controls postmitotic Golgi reassembly and inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Magliozzi
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Zunamys I Carrero
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Teck Yew Low
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Laurensia Yuniati
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Valdes-Quezada
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Flore Kruiswijk
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Koen van Wijk
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Catherine L Jackson
- Membrane Dynamics and Intracellular Trafficking, Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Daniele Guardavaccaro
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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5
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D'Amore C, Salizzato V, Borgo C, Cesaro L, Pinna LA, Salvi M. A Journey through the Cytoskeleton with Protein Kinase CK2. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:547-562. [PMID: 30659536 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190119124846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Substrate pleiotropicity, a very acidic phosphorylation consensus sequence, and an apparent uncontrolled activity, are the main features of CK2, a Ser/Thr protein kinase that is required for a plethora of cell functions. Not surprisingly, CK2 appears to affect cytoskeletal structures and correlated functions such as cell shape, mechanical integrity, cell movement and division. This review outlines our current knowledge of how CK2 regulates cytoskeletal structures, and discusses involved pathways and molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio D'Amore
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Salizzato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy.,CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy
| | - Christian Borgo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Cesaro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo A Pinna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy.,CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy
| | - Mauro Salvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy
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6
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Borgo C, Franchin C, Cesaro L, Zaramella S, Arrigoni G, Salvi M, Pinna LA. A proteomics analysis of CK2β
(−/−)
C2C12 cells provides novel insights into the biological functions of the non‐catalytic β subunit. FEBS J 2019; 286:1561-1575. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Borgo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Italy
| | - Cinzia Franchin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Italy
- Proteomics Center University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova Italy
| | - Luca Cesaro
- Proteomics Center University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova Italy
| | - Silvia Zaramella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Italy
- Proteomics Center University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova Italy
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Italy
- Proteomics Center University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova Italy
| | - Mauro Salvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Italy
| | - Lorenzo A. Pinna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Italy
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences Padova Italy
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7
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Dependence of HSP27 cellular level on protein kinase CK2 discloses novel therapeutic strategies. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2902-2910. [PMID: 30279146 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HSP27 plays a role in various diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia, and atherosclerosis. It is particularly important in the regulation of the development, progression and metastasis of cancer as well as cell apoptosis and drug resistance. However, the absence of an ATP binding domain, that is, instead, present in other HSPs such as HSP90 and HSP70, hampers the development of small molecules as inhibitors of HSP27. METHODS Knockout cell lines generated by Crispr/Cas9 gene editing tool, specific kinase inhibitors and siRNA transfections were exploited to demonstrate that the expression of HSP27 is dependent on the integrity/activity of protein kinase CK2 holoenzyme. The interaction between these proteins has been confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, and by density gradient separation of protein complexes. Finally, using a proliferation assay this study demonstrates the potential efficacy of a combinatory therapy of heath shock and CK2 inhibitors in cancer treatment. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that CK2 is able to regulate HSP27 turnover by affecting the expression of its ubiquitin ligase SMURF2 (Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 2). Moreover, for the first time we show an increased sensitivity of CK2-inhibited tumour cells to hyperthermia treatment. CONCLUSION Being HSP27 involved in several pathological conditions, including protein conformational diseases (i.e Cystic Fibrosis) and cancer, the need of drugs to modulate its activity is growing and CK2-targeting could represent a new strategy to reduce cellular HSP27 level. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This study identifies CK2 as a molecular target to control HSP27 cellular expression.
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8
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Capalbo L, Mela I, Abad MA, Jeyaprakash AA, Edwardson JM, D'Avino PP. Coordinated regulation of the ESCRT-III component CHMP4C by the chromosomal passenger complex and centralspindlin during cytokinesis. Open Biol 2017; 6:rsob.160248. [PMID: 27784789 PMCID: PMC5090064 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.160248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC)—composed of Aurora B kinase, Borealin, Survivin and INCENP—surveys the fidelity of genome segregation throughout cell division. The CPC has been proposed to prevent polyploidy by controlling the final separation (known as abscission) of the two daughter cells via regulation of the ESCRT-III CHMP4C component. The molecular details are, however, still unclear. Using atomic force microscopy, we show that CHMP4C binds to and remodels membranes in vitro. Borealin prevents the association of CHMP4C with membranes, whereas Aurora B interferes with CHMP4C's membrane remodelling activity. Moreover, we show that CHMP4C phosphorylation is not required for its assembly into spiral filaments at the abscission site and that two distinctly localized pools of phosphorylated CHMP4C exist during cytokinesis. We also characterized the CHMP4C interactome in telophase cells and show that the centralspindlin complex associates preferentially with unphosphorylated CHMP4C in cytokinesis. Our findings indicate that gradual dephosphorylation of CHMP4C triggers a ‘relay’ mechanism between the CPC and centralspindlin that regulates the timely distribution and activation of CHMP4C for the execution of abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Capalbo
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Ioanna Mela
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Maria Alba Abad
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Michael Swann Building, Kings Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK
| | - A Arockia Jeyaprakash
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Michael Swann Building, Kings Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK
| | - J Michael Edwardson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Pier Paolo D'Avino
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
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9
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Medley JC, Kabara MM, Stubenvoll MD, DeMeyer LE, Song MH. Casein kinase II is required for proper cell division and acts as a negative regulator of centrosome duplication in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. Biol Open 2017; 6:17-28. [PMID: 27881437 PMCID: PMC5278433 DOI: 10.1242/bio.022418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes are the primary microtubule-organizing centers that orchestrate microtubule dynamics during the cell cycle. The correct number of centrosomes is pivotal for establishing bipolar mitotic spindles that ensure accurate segregation of chromosomes. Thus, centrioles must duplicate once per cell cycle, one daughter per mother centriole, the process of which requires highly coordinated actions among core factors and modulators. Protein phosphorylation is shown to regulate the stability, localization and activity of centrosome proteins. Here, we report the function of Casein kinase II (CK2) in early Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. The catalytic subunit (KIN-3/CK2α) of CK2 localizes to nuclei, centrosomes and midbodies. Inactivating CK2 leads to cell division defects, including chromosome missegregation, cytokinesis failure and aberrant centrosome behavior. Furthermore, depletion or inhibiting kinase activity of CK2 results in elevated ZYG-1 levels at centrosomes, restoring centrosome duplication and embryonic viability to zyg-1 mutants. Our data suggest that CK2 functions in cell division and negatively regulates centrosome duplication in a kinase-dependent manner. Summary: The conserved protein kinase CK2 negatively regulates centrosome assembly and is required for proper cell cycle progression and cytokinesis in early C. elegans embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C Medley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
| | - Megan M Kabara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
| | | | - Lauren E DeMeyer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
| | - Mi Hye Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
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10
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Salizzato V, Borgo C, Cesaro L, Pinna LA, Donella-Deana A. Inhibition of protein kinase CK2 by CX-5011 counteracts imatinib-resistance preventing rpS6 phosphorylation in chronic myeloid leukaemia cells: new combined therapeutic strategies. Oncotarget 2017; 7:18204-18. [PMID: 26919095 PMCID: PMC4951282 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder promoted by the constitutive tyrosine kinase activity of Bcr-Abl oncoprotein. Although treatment with the Bcr-Abl-inhibitor imatinib represents the first-line therapy against CML, almost 20-30% of patients develop chemotherapeutic resistance and require alternative therapy. Here we show that a strong hyper-phosphorylation/activation of ERK1/2, Akt Ser473, and 40S ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) is detectable in imatinib-resistant KCL22 and K562 CML cells as compared to the -sensitive cell variants. In imatinib-resistant CML cells, high concentration of imatinib is required to strongly inhibit Bcr-Abl, ERK1/2 and Akt Ser473 phosphorylation, but under these conditions the phosphorylation of rpS6, a common downstream effector of MEK/ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways is only slightly reduced. By contrast, down-regulation of the protein kinase CK2 by the inhibitor CX-5011 or by silencing the CK2 subunits does not affect the activation state of MEK/ERK1/2 or PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling, but causes a drop in rpS6 phosphorylation in parallel with reduced protein synthesis. CK2-inhibition by CX-5011 induces cell death by apoptosis and acts synergistically with imatinib or the MEK-inhibitor U0126 in reducing the viability of imatinib-resistant CML cells. The ternary mixture containing CX-5011, imatinib and U0126 represents the most effective synergistic combination to counteract CML cell viability. These results disclose a novel CK2-mediated mechanism of acquired imatinib-resistance resulting in hyper-phosphorylation of rpS6. We suggest that co-targeting CK2 and MEK protein kinases is a promising strategy to restore responsiveness of resistant CML cells to imatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Salizzato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Institute of NeuroSciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Christian Borgo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Institute of NeuroSciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Cesaro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Institute of NeuroSciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo A Pinna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Institute of NeuroSciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Arianna Donella-Deana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Institute of NeuroSciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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11
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Majumder P, Chakrabarti O. ESCRTs and associated proteins in lysosomal fusion with endosomes and autophagosomes. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 94:443-450. [PMID: 27701906 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Endolysosomal and autophagosomal degradation pathways are highly connected at various levels, sharing multiple molecular effectors that modulate them individually or simultaneously. These two lysosomal degradative pathways are primarily involved in the disposal of cargo internalized from the cell surface or long-lived proteins or aggregates and aged organelles present in the cytosol. Both of these pathways involve a number of carefully regulated vesicular fusion events that are dependent on ESCRT proteins. The ESCRT proteins especially ESCRT-I and III participate in the regulation of fusion events between autophagosome/amphisome and lysosome. Along with these, a number of functionally diverse ESCRT associated and regulatory proteins such as, endosomal PtdIns (3) P 5-kinase Fab1, ALIX, mahogunin ring finger 1, atrogin 1, syntaxin 17, ATG12-ATG3 complex, and protein kinase CK2α are involved in fusion events in either or both the lysosomal degradative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Majumder
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064, India.,Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064, India
| | - Oishee Chakrabarti
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064, India.,Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064, India
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12
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Sgrò F, Bianchi FT, Falcone M, Pallavicini G, Gai M, Chiotto AMA, Berto GE, Turco E, Chang YJ, Huttner WB, Di Cunto F. Tissue-specific control of midbody microtubule stability by Citron kinase through modulation of TUBB3 phosphorylation. Cell Death Differ 2015; 23:801-13. [PMID: 26586574 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2015.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis, the physical separation of daughter cells at the end of cell cycle, is commonly considered a highly stereotyped phenomenon. However, in some specialized cells this process may involve specific molecular events that are still largely unknown. In mammals, loss of Citron-kinase (CIT-K) leads to massive cytokinesis failure and apoptosis only in neuronal progenitors and in male germ cells, resulting in severe microcephaly and testicular hypoplasia, but the reasons for this specificity are unknown. In this report we show that CIT-K modulates the stability of midbody microtubules and that the expression of tubulin β-III (TUBB3) is crucial for this phenotype. We observed that TUBB3 is expressed in proliferating CNS progenitors, with a pattern correlating with the susceptibility to CIT-K loss. More importantly, depletion of TUBB3 in CIT-K-dependent cells makes them resistant to CIT-K loss, whereas TUBB3 overexpression increases their sensitivity to CIT-K knockdown. The loss of CIT-K leads to a strong decrease in the phosphorylation of S444 on TUBB3, a post-translational modification associated with microtubule stabilization. CIT-K may promote this event by interacting with TUBB3 and by recruiting at the midbody casein kinase-2α (CK2α) that has previously been reported to phosphorylate the S444 residue. Indeed, CK2α is lost from the midbody in CIT-K-depleted cells. Moreover, expression of the nonphosphorylatable TUBB3 mutant S444A induces cytokinesis failure, whereas expression of the phospho-mimetic mutant S444D rescues the cytokinesis failure induced by both CIT-K and CK2α loss. Altogether, our findings reveal that expression of relatively low levels of TUBB3 in mitotic cells can be detrimental for their cytokinesis and underscore the importance of CIT-K in counteracting this event.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sgrò
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - F T Bianchi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M Falcone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G Pallavicini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M Gai
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - A M A Chiotto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G E Berto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - E Turco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Y J Chang
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - W B Huttner
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - F Di Cunto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Turin, Italy
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