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Afsar S, Syed RU, Khojali WMA, Masood N, Osman ME, Jyothi JS, Hadi MA, Khalifa AAS, Aboshouk NAM, Alsaikhan HA, Alafnan AS, Alrashidi BA. Non-coding RNAs in BRAF-mutant melanoma: targets, indicators, and therapeutic potential. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03366-3. [PMID: 39167168 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer, is often driven by BRAF mutations, such as the V600E mutation, which promotes cancer growth through the MAPK pathway and contributes to treatment resistance. Understanding the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in these processes is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies. This review aims to elucidate the relationship between ncRNAs and BRAF mutations in melanoma, focusing on their regulatory roles and impact on treatment resistance. We comprehensively reviewed current literature to synthesize evidence on ncRNA-mediated regulation of BRAF-mutant melanoma and their influence on therapeutic responses. Key ncRNAs, including microRNAs and long ncRNAs, were identified as significant regulators of melanoma development and therapy resistance. MicroRNAs such as miR-15/16 and miR-200 families modulate critical pathways like Wnt signaling and melanogenesis. Long ncRNAs like ANRIL and SAMMSON play roles in cell growth, invasion, and drug susceptibility. Specific ncRNAs, such as BANCR and RMEL3, intersect with the MAPK pathway, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets or biomarkers in BRAF-mutant melanoma. Additionally, ncRNAs involved in drug resistance, such as miR-579-3p and miR-1246, target processes like autophagy and immune checkpoint regulation. This review highlights the pivotal roles of ncRNAs in regulating BRAF-mutant melanoma and their contribution to drug resistance. These findings underscore the potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets, paving the way for innovative treatments to improve outcomes for melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Afsar
- Department of Virology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, 517502, India.
| | - Rahamat Unissa Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, 81442, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Weam M A Khojali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, 81442, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, 14415, Sudan
| | - Najat Masood
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, 81451, Ha'il,, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mhdia Elhadi Osman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Siva Jyothi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Abdul Hadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bhaskar Pharmacy College, Moinabad, R.R.District, Hyderabad, 500075, Telangana, India
| | - Amna Abakar Suleiman Khalifa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, 81442, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nayla Ahmed Mohammed Aboshouk
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, 81442, Hail, Saudi Arabia
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Shekhar R, Kumari S, Vergish S, Tripathi P. The crosstalk between miRNAs and signaling pathways in human cancers: Potential therapeutic implications. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 386:133-165. [PMID: 38782498 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized as central players in the regulation of eukaryotic physiological processes. These small double stranded RNA molecules have emerged as pivotal regulators in the intricate network of cellular signaling pathways, playing significant roles in the development and progression of human cancers. The central theme in miRNA-mediated regulation of signaling pathways involves their ability to target and modulate the expression of pathway components. Aberrant expression of miRNAs can either promote or suppress key signaling events, influencing critical cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. For example, oncogenic miRNAs often promote cancer progression by targeting tumor suppressors or negative regulators of signaling pathways, thereby enhancing pathway activity. Conversely, tumor-suppressive miRNAs frequently inhibit oncogenic signaling by targeting key components within these pathways. This complex regulatory crosstalk underscores the significance of miRNAs as central players in shaping the signaling landscape of cancer cells. Furthermore, the therapeutic implications of targeting miRNAs in cancer are substantial. miRNAs can be manipulated to restore normal signaling pathway activity, offering a potential avenue for precision medicine. The development of miRNA-based therapeutics, including synthetic miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors, has shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies. These strategies aim to either enhance the activity of tumor-suppressive miRNAs or inhibit the function of oncogenic miRNAs, thereby restoring balanced signaling and impeding cancer progression. In conclusion, the crosstalk between miRNAs and signaling pathways in human cancers is a dynamic and influential aspect of cancer biology. Understanding this interplay provides valuable insights into cancer development and progression. Harnessing the therapeutic potential of miRNAs as regulators of signaling pathways opens up exciting opportunities for the development of innovative cancer treatments with the potential to improve patient outcomes. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the crosstalk between miRNAs and signaling pathways in the context of cancer and highlight the potential therapeutic implications of targeting this regulatory interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Shekhar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Sujata Kumari
- Department of Zoology, Magadh Mahila College, Patna University, Patna, India
| | - Satyam Vergish
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Prajna Tripathi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
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3
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Nourbakhsh A, Dinh CT. Updates on Tumor Biology in Vestibular Schwannoma. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2023; 56:421-434. [PMID: 37121611 DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are benign tumors that develop after biallelic inactivation of the neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) gene that encodes the tumor suppressor merlin. Merlin inactivation leads to cell proliferation by dysregulation of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and other intracellular pathways. In VS without NF2 mutations, dysregulation of non-NF2 genes can promote pathways favoring cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. The tumor microenvironment of VS consists of multiple cell types that influence VS tumor biology through complex intercellular networking and communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Nourbakhsh
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 Northwest 14th Street, Suite 579, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1475 Northwest 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Christine T Dinh
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 Northwest 14th Street, Suite 579, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1475 Northwest 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Abd-Allah GM, Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Elsakka EG, El-Husseiny AA, Abdelmaksoud NM, Salman A, Elkhawaga SY, Doghish AS. miRNAs as potential game-changers in melanoma: A comprehensive review. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 244:154424. [PMID: 36989843 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the sixth most frequent malignancy. It represents 1.7% of all cancer cases worldwide. Many risk factors are associated with melanoma including ultraviolet radiation skin phenotype, Pigmented Nevi, Pesticides, and genetic and epigenetic factors. Of the main epigenetic factors affecting melanoma are microribonucleic acids (miRNAs). They are short nucleic acid chains that have the potential to prevent the expression of a number of target genes. They could target a number of genes related to melanoma initiation, stemness, angiogenesis, apoptosis, proliferation, and potential resistance to treatment. Additionally, they can control several melanoma signaling pathways, including P53, WNT/-catenin, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis, TGF- β, and EGFR. MiRNAs also play a role in the resistance of melanoma to essential treatment regimens. The stability and abundance of miRNAs might be important factors enhancing the use of miRNAs as markers of prognosis, diagnosis, stemness, survival, and metastasis in melanoma patients.
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Dobre EG, Constantin C, Neagu M. Skin Cancer Research Goes Digital: Looking for Biomarkers within the Droplets. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071136. [PMID: 35887633 PMCID: PMC9323323 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer, which includes the most frequent malignant non-melanoma carcinomas (basal cell carcinoma, BCC, and squamous cell carcinoma, SCC), along with the difficult to treat cutaneous melanoma (CM), pose important worldwide issues for the health care system. Despite the improved anti-cancer armamentarium and the latest scientific achievements, many skin cancer patients fail to respond to therapies, due to the remarkable heterogeneity of cutaneous tumors, calling for even more sophisticated biomarker discovery and patient monitoring approaches. Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), a robust method for detecting and quantifying low-abundance nucleic acids, has recently emerged as a powerful technology for skin cancer analysis in tissue and liquid biopsies (LBs). The ddPCR method, being capable of analyzing various biological samples, has proved to be efficient in studying variations in gene sequences, including copy number variations (CNVs) and point mutations, DNA methylation, circulatory miRNome, and transcriptome dynamics. Moreover, ddPCR can be designed as a dynamic platform for individualized cancer detection and monitoring therapy efficacy. Here, we present the latest scientific studies applying ddPCR in dermato-oncology, highlighting the potential of this technology for skin cancer biomarker discovery and validation in the context of personalized medicine. The benefits and challenges associated with ddPCR implementation in the clinical setting, mainly when analyzing LBs, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena-Georgiana Dobre
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91–95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Neagu
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91–95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
- Immunology Department, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
- Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
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Tong D, Tanaka M, Eguchi H, Okazaki Y, Muramatsu M, Arai T. COL17A1 germline variant p.Ser1029Ala and mucosal malignant melanoma: An autopsy study. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:32. [PMID: 34987801 PMCID: PMC8719258 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen type XVII α1 (COL17A1) encodes a hemidesmosomal protein at the epidermal-dermal junction and its variants are implicated in blistering skin diseases. Recent experiments in rodents revealed that Col17a1 has critical roles in stem cells of epidermal origin and in melanoma carcinogenesis. In the present study, it was investigated whether germline variants in COL17A1 are associated with skin cancer and other cancer types using indexed consecutive autopsy cases from the Japanese Geriatric Single Nucleotide Polymorphism database (n=2,343; mean age, 80 years). The database included 12 patients with skin cancer. A total of 53 COL17A1 missense variants on an exome chip were analyzed. One variant, p.Ser1029Ala (rs118166857), which had a minor allele frequency of 1.0%, exhibited a nominal positive sign of association with skin cancer [Fisher's exact P=0.002, odds ratio (OR)=16.93, 95% CI: 4.44-64.64]. This variant was detected in 2/2 patients with mucosal malignant melanoma (mMM) and 1/3 patients with extramammary Paget's disease, and in none of the patients with non-melanoma cancer, e.g., squamous cell and basal cell carcinoma. Other cancer types were searched in the database and the p.Ser1029Ala variant was indicated to be nominally associated with breast cancer (P=0.006, OR=4.17, 95% CI: 1.72-10.11). In the two mMM cases, targeted exome sequencing of 55 cancer-predisposing genes (including tumor protein 53, BRCA1/2 and mismatch repair genes) detected no apparent pathogenic variants, but revealed variants of unknown significance in axin 2, DNA directed polymerase ζ catalytic subunit and contactin 6. Since COL17A1 provides a niche for melanocyte stem cells, it was hypothesized that the p.Ser1029Ala variant in the COL17A1 ectodomain may affect the microenvironment, e.g., the cell competition. This is a working hypothesis generated from human autopsy cases and warrants further epidemiological and molecular biological validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daike Tong
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Eguchi
- Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masaaki Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Shui B, La Rocca G, Ventura A, Haigis KM. Interplay between K-RAS and miRNAs. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:384-396. [PMID: 35093302 PMCID: PMC9035052 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
K-RAS is frequently mutated in cancers, and its overactivation can lead to oncogene-induced senescence (OIS), a barrier to cellular transformation. Feedback onto K-RAS limits its signaling to avoid senescence while achieving the appropriate level of activation that promotes proliferation and survival. Such regulation could be mediated by miRNAs, as aberrant RAS signaling and miRNA activity coexist in several cancers, with miRNAs acting both up- and downstream of K-RAS. Several miRNAs both regulate and are regulated by K-RAS, suggesting a noncoding RNA-based feedback mechanism. Functional interactions between K-RAS and the miRNA machinery have also begun to unfold. This review comprehensively surveys the state of knowledge connecting K-RAS to miRNA function and proposes a model for the regulation of K-RAS signaling by noncoding RNAs.
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8
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Zhang Y, Long J, Ren J, Huang X, Zhong P, Wang B. Potential Molecular Biomarkers of Vestibular Schwannoma Growth: Progress and Prospects. Front Oncol 2021; 11:731441. [PMID: 34646772 PMCID: PMC8503266 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.731441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vestibular schwannomas (VSs, also known as acoustic neuromas) are relatively rare benign brain tumors stem from the Schwann cells of the eighth cranial nerve. Tumor growth is the paramount factor for neurosurgeons to decide whether to choose aggressive treatment approach or careful follow-up with regular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as surgery and radiation can introduce significant trauma and affect neurological function, while tumor enlargement during long-term follow-up will compress the adjacent nerves and tissues, causing progressive hearing loss, tinnitus and vertigo. Recently, with the deepening research of VS biology, some proteins that regulate merlin conformation changes, inflammatory cytokines, miRNAs, tissue proteins and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) components have been proposed to be closely related to tumor volume increase. In this review, we discuss advances in the study of biomarkers that associated with VS growth, providing a reference for exploring the growth course of VS and determining the optimal treatment strategy for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfei Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junwei Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Colak DK, Egeli U, Eryilmaz IE, Aybastier O, Malyer H, Cecener G, Tunca B. The Anticancer Effect of Inula viscosa Methanol Extract by miRNAs' Re-regulation: An in vitro Study on Human Malignant Melanoma Cells. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:211-224. [PMID: 33570434 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1869791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Alternative and natural therapies are needed for malignant melanoma (MM), the most deadly skin cancer type due to chemotherapy's limited effect. In the present study, we evaluated the anticancer potentials of Inula viscosa methanol and water extracts (IVM and IVW) on MM cells, A2058 and MeWo, and normal fibroblasts. After the chromatographic and antioxidant activity analysis, their antiproliferative effects were determined with the increasing doses for 24-72 h. IVM induced more cell death in a dose and time-dependent manner in MM cells compared to IVW. This effect was probably due to the higher amount of phenolics in it. IVM significantly induced more apoptotic death in MM cells than fibroblasts (p < 0.01), which was also supported morphologically. IVM also caused cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 and G2/M phases in A2058 and MeWo, respectively, and suppressed the migration ability of MM cells (p < 0.01). Additionally, IVM was found to have significant potential in regulating MM-related miRNAs, upregulating miR-579 and miR-524, and downregulating miR-191 and miR-193, in MM cells (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). As a result, the anticancer effect of IVM via regulating miRNAs' expression has been demonstrated for the first time. Thus, IVM, with these potentials, may be a promising candidate for MM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Unal Egeli
- Medical Biology Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | | | - Onder Aybastier
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Hulusi Malyer
- Biology Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gulsah Cecener
- Medical Biology Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Berrin Tunca
- Medical Biology Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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Huang Z, Xu Y, Wan M, Zeng X, Wu J. miR-340: A multifunctional role in human malignant diseases. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:236-246. [PMID: 33390846 PMCID: PMC7757049 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.51123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides in length, which function by binding to the 3' UTR sequences of their target mRNAs. It has been reported that dysregulated miRNAs play pivotal roles in numerous diseases, including cancers, such as gastric, breast, colorectal, ovarian, and other cancers. Recent research efforts have been devoted to translating these basic discoveries into clinical applications that could improve the therapeutic outcome in patients with cancer. Early studies have shown that miR-340 may act either as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor by targeting genes related to proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis, as well as those associated with diagnosis, treatment, chemoresistance, and prognosis. miR-340 has been shown to have a role in other diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, acute stroke, and alcoholic steatohepatitis. Nevertheless, the roles of miR-340 in human malignancies are still unclear, and the associated mechanisms are complex, involving a variety of signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin and the JAK-STAT pathways. Herein, we review the crucial roles of miR-340 in human cancers through the analysis of the latest research studies, with the aim of clarifying miR-340 function in malignant disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, and to propose further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, P.R. China
| | - Yesha Xu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Maoping Wan
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xixi Zeng
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Abstract
The oncofetal mRNA-binding protein, IMP1 or insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1), promotes the overexpression of several oncogenic proteins by binding to and stabilizing their mRNAs. IMP1 is frequently overexpressed in melanoma and is associated with a poor prognosis, but the full spectrum of IMP1 target transcripts remains unknown. Here, we report the identification of protein kinase C-α (PKCα), as a novel molecular target of IMP1. Overexpression of IMP1 resulted in increased levels of PKCα, while RNAi knockdown of IMP1 resulted in decreased PKCα mRNA stability, PKCα protein levels, and MAPK/ERK activation. In addition to IMP1 acting as a positive regulator of PKCα mRNA, we also report the identification of miR-340 as a negative regulator of PKCα mRNA. In melanoma cancer cells, inhibition of miR-340 led to increased PKCα protein levels. PKCα plays important roles in numerous signaling pathways including the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. PKCα activates RAF1, which in turn activates MEK1, and activates downstream transcriptional targets of MAPK through activation of JNK signaling. Together, these pathways provide a way to activate MAPK signaling downstream of BRAF and MEK1 inhibitors, which are commonly used to treat melanoma. Analysis of 117 melanoma tumors samples showed that overexpression of PKCα is associated with poorer overall survival. In patients harboring BRAF or NRAS mutations, PKCα overexpression is associated with an 11-fold increased risk of death. Thus, PKCα mRNA is a novel target of IMP1, which is commonly overexpressed in melanoma and is linked to poorer overall survival.
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Tumor miRNA expression profile is related to vestibular schwannoma growth rate. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2020; 162:1187-1195. [PMID: 32016588 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-020-04238-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate if the tumor microRNA (miRNA) expression profile was related to tumor growth rate. Growth-related miRNAs might be potential targets for future therapeutic intervention. MATERIAL AND METHODS Tumor tissue was sampled during surgery of patients with a sporadic vestibular schwannoma. Tumor growth rate was determined by tumor measurement on the two latest pre-operative MRI scans. Tumor miRNA expression was analyzed using the Affymetrix Gene Chip® protocol, and CEL files were generated using GeneChip® Command Console® Software and normalized using Partek Genomics Suite 6.5. The CEL files were analyzed using the statistical software program R. Principal component analysis, affected gene ontology analysis, and analysis of miRNA expression fold changes were used for analysis of potential relations between miRNA expression profile and tumor growth rate. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Tumor miRNA expression is related to the growth rate of sporadic vestibular schwannomas. Rapid tumor growth is associated with deregulation of several miRNAs, including upregulation of miR-29abc, miR-19, miR-340-5p, miR-21, and miR-221 and downregulation of miR-744 and let-7b. Gene ontologies affected by the deregulated miRNAs included neuron development and differentiation, gene silencing, and negative regulation of various biological processes, including cellular and intracellular signaling and metabolism.
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13
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Lu NH, Wei CY, Qi FZ, Gu JY. Hsa-let-7b Suppresses Cell Proliferation by Targeting UHRF1 in Melanoma. Cancer Invest 2020; 38:52-60. [PMID: 31873045 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2019.1709482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
UHRF1 promotes melanoma progression by inducing cell proliferation, and is correlated with poor prognosis of melanoma patients. However, the regulation mechanism has not been fully elaborated. Here, we detected hsa-let-7b expression and its role in melanoma. Through Targetscan and miRanda predication, 30 overlapped miRNAs were found; further survival analysis revealed that hsa-let-7b was the only miRNA that affected the overall survival. Overexpressed hsa-let-7b could significantly inhibit the proliferation ability of A375 and A2058 cells, and this phenomenon was reversed after co-transfection with pLenti-UHRF1. In conclusion, hsa-let-7b regulates melanoma cells proliferation in vitro by targeting UHRF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Hang Lu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chuan-Yuan Wei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Fa-Zhi Qi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jian-Ying Gu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
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14
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Zhang H, Xie T, Shui Y, Qi Y. Knockdown of PLCB2 expression reduces melanoma cell viability and promotes melanoma cell apoptosis by altering Ras/Raf/MAPK signals. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:420-428. [PMID: 31746389 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma has the highest malignancy rate among all skin cancer and is characterized by an insidious onset, high invasion and poor patient prognosis. Yet, the mechanisms involved remain unclear and warrant further investigation. Based on bioinformatic analysis, phospholipase C β2 (PLCB2) has been found to be correlated with melanoma growth. The present study was the first to demonstrate that PLCB2 is a key factor affecting melanoma proliferation and apoptosis. Here, microarray datasets from the publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were employed, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was introduced to identify candidate transcription factors. PLCB2 was identified as a crucial gene in the protein‑protein interaction (PPI) network. The expression of PLCB2 mRNA in various cancer lines was analyzed by reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR). In addition, the proliferation ability and apoptosis rate in human melanoma cells overexpressing or not overexpressing PLCB2 were assessed using colony formation assay, flow cytometry and the Cell Counting Kit‑8 (CCK‑8) assay. Cell viability and apoptosis‑related factors, such as p53, Bcl‑2, Bax and caspase‑3 were significantly regulated. Knockdown of PLCB2 suppressed the activation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, knockdown of PLCB2 suppressed cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis by activating the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway. Thus, PLCB2 may utilized as a potential therapeutic target in patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahui Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, P.R. China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Yongjie Shui
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yiying Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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15
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Yang G, Yang C, She Y, Shen Z, Gao P. LINC01354 enhances the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells by regulating miR-340-5p/ATF1 signaling pathway. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:3737-3744. [PMID: 31538498 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1667816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaojie Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ninghai First Hospital, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Respiratory, Ninghai First Hospital, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Ninghai Hospital, Branch of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chongyi Yang
- Department of Urology, Ninghai First Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yahui She
- Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Bozhou City, BoZhou, China
| | - Zuojun Shen
- Anhui Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Ninghai First Hospital, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Respiratory, Ninghai First Hospital, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Ninghai Hospital, Branch of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
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16
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Santamaria-Martos F, Benítez I, Ortega F, Zapater A, Giron C, Pinilla L, Pascual L, Cortijo A, Dalmases M, Fernandez-Real JM, Barbé F, Sánchez-de-la-Torre M. Circulating microRNA profile as a potential biomarker for obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13456. [PMID: 31530881 PMCID: PMC6748919 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49940-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of microRNAs (miRNAs) could allow characterization of the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and help diagnose it more accurately. We aimed to examine circulating miRNA profiles to establish the differences between non-OSA and OSA patients. Additionally, we aimed to analyse the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on the miRNA profile. This observational, longitudinal study included 230 subjects referred to the Sleep Unit due to suspected OSA. Expression profiling of 188 miRNAs in plasma was performed in 27 subjects by TaqMan-Low-Density-Array. OSA-related miRNAs were selected for validation by RT-qPCR in 203 patients. Prediction models were built to discriminate between non-OSA and OSA: 1) NoSAS-score, 2) differentially expressed miRNAs, and 3) combination of NoSAS-score plus miRNAs. The differentially expressed miRNAs were measured after 6 months of follow-up. From the 14 miRNAs selected for validation, 6 were confirmed to be differentially expressed. The areas under the curve were 0.73 for the NoSAS-score, 0.81 for the miRNAs and 0.86 for the combination. After 6 months of CPAP treatment, miRNA levels in the OSA group seem to approximate to non-OSA levels. A cluster of miRNAs was identified to differentiate between non-OSA and OSA patients. CPAP treatment was associated with changes in the circulating miRNA profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Santamaria-Martos
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova y Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Iván Benítez
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova y Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Ortega
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CB06/03) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Zapater
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova y Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Cristina Giron
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova y Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Lucía Pinilla
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova y Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Lydia Pascual
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova y Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Anunciación Cortijo
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova y Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mireia Dalmases
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova y Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jose M Fernandez-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Girona, Spain
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CB06/03) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferran Barbé
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova y Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-de-la-Torre
- Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova y Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
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NRF1 and NRF2 mRNA and Protein Expression Decrease Early during Melanoma Carcinogenesis: An Insight into Survival and MicroRNAs. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2647068. [PMID: 31687076 PMCID: PMC6794976 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2647068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prognostic significance of the major redox regulator nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (NRF2) is recognized in many cancers, but the role of NRF1 is not generally well understood in cancer. Our aim was to investigate these redox transcription factors in conjunction with redox-related microRNAs in naevi and melanoma. We characterized the immunohistochemical expression of NRF1 and NRF2 in 99 naevi, 88 primary skin melanomas, and 67 lymph node metastases. In addition, NRF1 and NRF2 mRNA and miR-23B, miR-93, miR-144, miR-212, miR-340, miR-383, and miR-510 levels were analysed with real-time qPCR from 54 paraffin-embedded naevi and melanoma samples. The immunohistochemical expression of nuclear NRF1 decreased from benign to dysplastic naevi (p < 0.001) and to primary melanoma (p < 0.001) and from primary melanoma to metastatic lesions (p = 0.012). Also, NRF1 mRNA levels decreased from benign naevi to dysplastic naevi (p = 0.034). Similarly, immunopositivity of NRF2 decreased from benign to dysplastic naevi (p = 0.02) and to primary lesions (p = 0.018). NRF2 mRNA decreased from benign to dysplastic naevi and primary melanomas (p = 0.012). Analysis from the Gene Expression Omnibus datasets supported the mRNA findings. High nuclear immunohistochemical NRF1 expression in pigment cells associated with a worse survival (p = 0.048) in patients with N0 disease at the time of diagnosis, and high nuclear NRF2 expression in pigment cells associated with a worse survival (p = 0.033) in patients with M0 disease at the time of diagnosis. In multivariate analysis, neither of these variables exceeded the prognostic power of Breslow. The levels of miR-144 and miR-212 associated positively with ulceration (p = 0.012 and p = 0.027, respectively) while miR-510 levels associated positively with lymph node metastases at the time of diagnosis (p = 0.004). Furthermore, the miRNAs correlated negatively with the immunohistochemical expression of NRF1 and NRF2 but positively with their respective mRNA. Together, this data sheds new light about NFE2L family factors in pigment tumors and suggests that these factors are worth for further explorations.
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Huang Z, Li Q, Luo K, Zhang Q, Geng J, Zhou X, Xu Y, Qian M, Zhang JA, Ji L, Wu J. miR-340-FHL2 axis inhibits cell growth and metastasis in ovarian cancer. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:372. [PMID: 31068580 PMCID: PMC6506554 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although increasing evidence indicated that deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributed to tumor initiation and progression, but little is known about the biological role of miR-340 in ovarian cancer (OC). In this study, we found that miR-340 expression was downregulated in OC tissues compared with its expression in normal ovarian epithelium and endometrium, and treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC) or trichostatin A (TSA) increased miR-340 expression in OC cells. In addition, ectopic miR-340 expression inhibited OC cell growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Four and a half LIM domains protein 2 (FHL2) was confirmed as a direct target of miR-340 and silencing FHL2 mimicked the effects of miR-340 in OC cells. Further mechanistic study showed that miR-340 inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by targeting FHL2, as well as downstream cell cycle and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signals in OC cells. Moreover, the greatest association between miR-340 and FHL2 was found in 481 ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma tissues via pan-cancer analysis. Finally, we revealed that lower miR-340 or higher FHL2 was associated with poor OC patient outcomes. Our findings indicate that the miR-340-FHL2 axis regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and is involved in tumorigenesis in OC. Therefore, manipulating the expression of miR-340 or its target genes is a potential strategy in OC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qiuxia Li
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Kaili Luo
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qinkai Zhang
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Geng
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xunzhu Zhou
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yesha Xu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Mengyao Qian
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jian-An Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children of Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Liying Ji
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
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Fattore L, Mancini R, Ascierto PA, Ciliberto G. The potential of BRAF-associated non-coding RNA as a therapeutic target in melanoma. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 23:53-68. [PMID: 30507327 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1554057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The advent of targeted therapies and immune checkpoints inhibitors has enhanced the treatment of metastatic melanomas. Despite striking improvements of patients' survival, drug resistance continues to limit the efficacy of such treatments. Genetic and nongenetic/adaptive mechanisms of resistance could be involved; in the latter mechanism, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as key players. Areas covered: This article outlines the current knowledge of ncRNA involvement in BRAF-mutant melanomas and the development of resistance to targeted/immunotherapies. We also discuss how ncRNAs can be exploited for the development of therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. Expert opinion: ncRNAs can be envisaged as powerful diagnostics and therapeutics. Despite progress in our knowledge about their deregulation in cancer, it is still difficult to derive universal and robust ncRNAs unique signatures of malignancy for diagnostic purposes, which need validation in large cohort of patients. Also, ncRNA specific targeting to melanoma cells in vivo requires the development of improved systemic delivery tools. In this regard, the development of stable nanodelivery particles seems to offer renewed hope for success in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Fattore
- a IRCCS , Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- b Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine , University of Roma "Sapienza" , Rome , Italy
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20
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Mohammadpour A, Derakhshan M, Darabi H, Hedayat P, Momeni M. Melanoma: Where we are and where we go. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3307-3320. [PMID: 30362507 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is known as an aggressive tumor which shows an increasing incidence and poor prognosis in the metastatic phase. Hence, it seems that diagnosis and effective management (including early diagnosis, choosing of the effective therapeutic platform, caring, and training of patients for early detection) are major aspects of melanoma therapy. Early detection of melanoma is a key point for melanoma therapy. There are various diagnosis options such as assessing of biopsy, imaging techniques, and biomarkers (i.e., several proteins, polymorphism, and liquid biopsy). Among the various biomarkers, assessing circulating tumor cells, cell-free DNAs, cell-free RNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as powerful diagnosis tools for melanoma patients. Deregulations of these molecules are associated with melanoma pathogenesis. After detection of melanoma, choosing of effective therapeutic regimen is a key step for recovery of melanoma patients. Several studies indicated that various therapeutic approaches including surgery, immunotherapy, systematic therapy, radiation therapy and antibodies therapy could be used as potential therapeutic candidates for melanoma therapy. Caring for melanoma patients is one of the important components of melanoma therapy. Caring and training for melanoma patients could contribute to better monitoring of patients in response to various therapeutic options. Here, we summarized various diagnosis approaches such as assessing biopsy, imaging techniques, and utilization of various biomarkers (i.e., proteins, CTCs, cfDNAs, and miRNAs) as a diagnostic biomarker for detection and monitoring patients with melanoma. Moreover, we highlighted various therapeutic options and caring aspects in patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohammadpour
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Maryam Derakhshan
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hassan Darabi
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pegah Hedayat
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Momeni
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Exploring major signaling cascades in melanomagenesis: a rationale route for targetted skin cancer therapy. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180511. [PMID: 30166456 PMCID: PMC6167501 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although most melanoma cases may be treated by surgical intervention upon early diagnosis, a significant portion of patients can still be refractory, presenting low survival rates within 5 years after the discovery of the illness. As a hallmark, melanomas are highly prone to evolve into metastatic sites. Moreover, melanoma tumors are highly resistant to most available drug therapies and their incidence have increased over the years, therefore leading to public health concerns about the development of novel therapies. Therefore, researches are getting deeper in unveiling the mechanisms by which melanoma initiation can be triggered and sustained. In this context, important progress has been achieved regarding the roles and the impact of cellular signaling pathways in melanoma. This knowledge has provided tools for the development of therapies based on the intervention of signal(s) promoted by these cascades. In this review, we summarize the importance of major signaling pathways (mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt, Wnt, nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB), Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and Notch) in skin homeostasis and melanoma progression. Available and developing melanoma therapies interfering with these signaling cascades are further discussed.
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22
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Up-regulation of microRNA-340 promotes osteosarcoma cell apoptosis while suppressing proliferation, migration, and invasion by inactivating the CTNNB1-mediated Notch signaling pathway. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171615. [PMID: 29769415 PMCID: PMC6117618 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common histological form of primary bone cancer. It is most prevalent in teenagers and young adults. The present study aims at exploring the regulatory effect of microRNA-340 (miR-340) on OS cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis via regulating the Notch signaling pathway by targeting β-catenin (cadherin-associated protein) 1 (CTNNB1). OS tissues belonging to 45 patients and normal femoral head tissues of 45 amputees were selected. Cells were allocated to different groups. In situ hybridization was performed to determine the positive rate of miR-340 expression while immunohistochemistry was used to determine that of CTNNB1 and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). We used a series of experiments to measure the expressions of related factors and assess rates of cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cycle, and apoptosis respectively. Our results show that miR-340 was expressed a higher level in normal tissue than OS tissue. Expression of Notch, CTNNB1, hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes1), Bcl-2, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osteocalcin increased and that of miR-340, Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death (BIM), and Bcl-2 associated protein X (Bax) decreased in OS tissues. U-2OS cell line had the highest miR-340 expression. We also found that the up-regulation of miR-340 had increased expression of miR-340, BIM, and Bax but decreased expression of Notch, CTNNB1, Hes1, Bcl-2, Runx2, and osteocalcin. Up-regulation of miR-340p lead to increased cell apoptosis, suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Our study demonstrates that overexpression of miR-340 could suppress OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as promoting OS cell apoptosis by inactivating the Notch signaling pathway via down-regulating CTNNB1. Functional miR-340 overexpression might be a future therapeutic strategy for OS.
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23
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Turini Gonzales Marioto D, Navarro Dos Santos Ferraro AC, Goulart de Andrade F, Barros Oliveira M, Itano EN, Petrofeza S, Venancio EJ. Study of differential expression of miRNAs in lung tissue of mice submitted to experimental infection by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Med Mycol 2018; 55:774-784. [PMID: 28053145 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myw135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single stranded RNA sequences involved in post-transcriptional regulation of different biological and physiological processes. Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is an infection caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and it is a major cause of mortality due to systemic mycoses in Brazil. To date, there have been few reports on the role of miRNAs in the immune response against fungi, especially PCM. The objective of this study was to evaluate the differential expression of miRNAs related to the inflammatory response associated with pulmonary infection by P. brasiliensis. For this purpose, lungs from BALB/c mice, intravenously infected with P. brasiliensis (2.7×107 yeast cells/ml, n = 12) and noninfected BALB/c mice (n = 8), were collected at the 28 and 56 day after infection. The lung parenchyma presented a great number of yeast cells, granulomas, and edema at 28 days and a framework of resolution of the inflammatory process after 56 days. The mRNAs gata-3, ror-γt, foxp3, and IL-6 were positively regulated at the moment at the 56 day, while the TGF-β1 mRNA was positively regulated at both moments. The miRNAs 126a-5p, 340-5p, 30b-5p, 19b-3p, 221-3p, 20a-5p, 130a-3p, and 301a-3p, 466k presented the greatest increase in expression levels 28 days after infection, and the miRNAs let-7f-5p, let-7a-5p, 5p-26b, let-7e-5p and 369-3p, 466k presented a greater increase in levels of expression 56 days after infection. This study shows a set of differentially expressed miRNAs possibly involved in the immune response in mice during pulmonary infection by P. brasiliensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Turini Gonzales Marioto
- Postgraduate Program in Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences - State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marília Barros Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Eiko Nakagawa Itano
- Postgraduate Program in Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences - State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Silvana Petrofeza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Emerson José Venancio
- Postgraduate Program in Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences - State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Poenitzsch Strong AM, Berry SM, Beebe DJ, Li JL, Spiegelman VS. miFAST: A novel and rapid microRNA target capture method. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:559-566. [PMID: 29350431 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small 22-25 nucleotide non-coding RNAs, play important roles in cellular and tumor biology. However, characterizing miRNA function remains challenging due to an abundance of predicted targets and an experimental bottleneck in identifying biologically relevant direct targets. Here, we developed a novel technique (miFAST) to identify direct miRNA target genes. Using miFAST, we confirmed several previously reported miR-340 target genes and identified five additional novel direct miR-340 targets in melanoma cells. This methodology can also be efficiently applied for the global characterization of miRNA targets. Utilizing miFAST to characterize direct miRNA targetomes will further our understanding of miRNA biology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott M Berry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - David J Beebe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jian-Liang Li
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida
| | - Vladimir S Spiegelman
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Hou T, Liao J, Zhang C, Sun C, Li X, Wang G. Elevated expression of miR-146, miR-139 and miR-340 involved in regulating Th1/Th2 balance with acute exposure of fine particulate matter in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 54:68-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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26
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Arivazhagan R, Lee J, Bayarsaikhan D, Kwak P, Son M, Byun K, Salekdeh GH, Lee B. MicroRNA-340 inhibits the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of colon cancer cells by modulating REV3L. Oncotarget 2017; 9:5155-5168. [PMID: 29435169 PMCID: PMC5797040 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA Directed Polymerase Zeta Catalytic Subunit (REV3L) has recently emerged as an important oncogene. Although the expressions of REV3L are similar in normal and cancer cells, several mutations in REV3L have been shown to play important roles in cancer. These mutations cause proteins misfolding and mislocalization, which in turn alters their interactions and biological functions. miRNAs play important regulatory roles during the progression and metastasis of several human cancers. This study was undertaken to determine how changes in the location and interactions of REV3L regulate colon cancer progression. REV3L protein mislocalization confirmed from the immunostaining results and the known interactions of REV3L was found to be broken as seen from the PLA assay results. The mislocalized REV3L might interact with new proteins partners in the cytoplasm which in turn may play role in regulating colon cancer progression. hsa-miR-340 (miR-340), a microRNA down-regulated in colon cancer, was used to bind to and downregulate REV3L, and found to control the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of colon cancer cells (HCT-116 and DLD-1) via the MAPK pathway. Furthermore, this down-regulation of REV3L also diminished colon cancer cell migration, and down-regulated MMP-2 and MMP-9. Combined treatment of colon cancer cells with miR-340 and 5-FU enhanced the inhibitory effects of 5-FU. In addition, in vivo experiments conducted on nude mice revealed tumor sizes were smaller in a HCT-116-miR-340 injected group than in a HCT-116-pCMV injected group. Our findings suggest mutations in REV3L causes protein mislocalization to the cytoplasm, breaking its interaction and is believed to form new protein interactions in cytoplasm contributing to colon cancer progression. Accordingly, microRNA-340 appears to be a good candidate for colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshini Arivazhagan
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesuk Lee
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Delger Bayarsaikhan
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter Kwak
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongjoo Son
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Byun
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bonghee Lee
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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27
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SRGAP1, a crucial target of miR-340 and miR-124, functions as a potential oncogene in gastric tumorigenesis. Oncogene 2017; 37:1159-1174. [PMID: 29234151 PMCID: PMC5861093 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Slit-Robo GTPase-activating protein 1 (SRGAP1) functions as a GAP for Rho-family GTPases and downstream of Slit-Robo signaling. We aim to investigate the biological function of SRGAP1 and reveal its regulation by deregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in gastric cancer (GC). mRNA and protein expression of SRGAP1 were examined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The biological role of SRGAP1 was demonstrated through siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments. The regulation of SRGAP1 by miR-340 and miR-124 was confirmed by western blot, dual luciferase activity assays and rescue experiments. SRGAP1 is overexpressed in 9 out of 12 (75.0%) GC cell lines. In primary GC samples from TCGA cohort, SRGAP1 shows gene amplification in 5/258 (1.9%) of cases and its mRNA expression demonstrates a positive correlation with copy number gain. Knockdown of SRGAP1 in GC cells suppressed cell proliferation, reduced colony formation, and significantly inhibited cell invasion and migration. Luciferase reporter assays revealed that SRGAP1 knockdown significantly inhibited Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In addition, SRGAP1 was found to be a direct target of two tumor-suppressive miRNAs, miR-340 and miR-124. Concordantly, these two miRNAs were downregulated in primary gastric tumors and these decreasing levels w5ere associated with poor outcomes. Expression of miR-340 and SRGAP1 displayed a reverse relationship in primary samples and re-expressed SRGAP1, rescued the anti-cancer effects of miR-340. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that, apart from gene amplification and mutation, the activation of SRGAP1 in GC is partly due to the downregulation of tumor-suppressive miRNAs, miR-340 and miR-124. Thus SRGAP1 is overexpressed in gastric carcinogenesis and plays an oncogenic role through activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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28
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Fiore D, Donnarumma E, Roscigno G, Iaboni M, Russo V, Affinito A, Adamo A, De Martino F, Quintavalle C, Romano G, Greco A, Soini Y, Brunetti A, Croce CM, Condorelli G. miR-340 predicts glioblastoma survival and modulates key cancer hallmarks through down-regulation of NRAS. Oncotarget 2017; 7:19531-47. [PMID: 26799668 PMCID: PMC4991399 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor in adults; with a survival rate of 12 months from diagnosis. However, a small subgroup of patients, termed long-term survivors (LTS), has a survival rate longer then 12–14 months. There is thus increasing interest in the identification of molecular signatures predicting glioblastoma prognosis and in how to improve the therapeutic approach. Here, we report miR-340 as prognostic tumor-suppressor microRNA for glioblastoma. We analyzed microRNA expression in > 500 glioblastoma patients and found that although miR-340 is strongly down-regulated in glioblastoma overall, it is up-regulated in LTS patients compared to short-term survivors (STS). Indeed, miR-340 expression predicted better prognosis in glioblastoma patients. Coherently, overexpression of miR-340 in glioblastoma cells was found to produce a tumor-suppressive activity. We identified NRAS mRNA as a critical, direct target of miR-340: in fact, miR-340 negatively influenced multiple aspects of glioblastoma tumorigenesis by down-regulating NRAS and downstream AKT and ERK pathways. Thus, we demonstrate that expression of miR-340 in glioblastoma is responsible for a strong tumor-suppressive effect in LTS patients by down-regulating NRAS. miR-340 may thus represent a novel marker for glioblastoma diagnosis and prognosis, and may be developed into a tool to improve treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Fiore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Roscigno
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,IEOS, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Margherita Iaboni
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Russo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Affinito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta Adamo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio De Martino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Quintavalle
- Institute of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Division, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Romano
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Adelaide Greco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Ceinge, Biotecnologie Avanzate, Scarl, Naples, Italy
| | - Ylermi Soini
- Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arturo Brunetti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Ceinge, Biotecnologie Avanzate, Scarl, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gerolama Condorelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,IEOS, CNR, Naples, Italy
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29
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Fattore L, Costantini S, Malpicci D, Ruggiero CF, Ascierto PA, Croce CM, Mancini R, Ciliberto G. MicroRNAs in melanoma development and resistance to target therapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:22262-22278. [PMID: 28118616 PMCID: PMC5400662 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs constitute a complex class of pleiotropic post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression involved in the control of several physiologic and pathologic processes. Their mechanism of action is primarily based on the imperfect matching of a seed region located at the 5′ end of a 21-23 nt sequence with a partially complementary sequence located in the 3′ untranslated region of target mRNAs. This leads to inhibition of mRNA translation and eventually to its degradation. Individual miRNAs are capable of binding to several mRNAs and several miRNAs are capable of influencing the function of the same mRNAs. In recent years networks of miRNAs are emerging as capable of controlling key signaling pathways responsible for the growth and propagation of cancer cells. Furthermore several examples have been provided which highlight the involvement of miRNAs in the development of resistance to targeted drug therapies. In this review we provide an updated overview of the role of miRNAs in the development of melanoma and the identification of the main downstream pathways controlled by these miRNAs. Furthermore we discuss a group of miRNAs capable to influence through their respective up- or down-modulation the development of resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Fattore
- Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", Napoli, Italia
| | - Susan Costantini
- CROM, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Napoli, Italia
| | - Debora Malpicci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi di Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italia
| | - Ciro Francesco Ruggiero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi di Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italia
| | - Paolo Antonio Ascierto
- Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", Napoli, Italia
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rita Mancini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", Napoli, Italia.,IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Regina Elena", Roma, Italy
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30
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Wang Z, Song D, Huang P. MicroRNA‑340 inhibits tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7649-7656. [PMID: 28944918 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are short RNAs that serve a role in the origination and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). miR‑340 has been identified to be a novel tumor suppressor. The present study investigated the antitumor function of miR‑340 in HCC. In the present study, it was detected that miR‑340 was significantly decreased in HCC cancer tissues and human HCC cell lines using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Cell Counting kit‑8 and apoptosis assays demonstrated that miR‑340 reduced cell proliferation and induced cellular apoptosis in HCC cell lines. A Transwell invasion assay demonstrated that miR‑340 suppressed the migration and invasion of HCC cell lines. In addition, S‑phase kinase‑associated protein 2 (SKP2), which may be repressed by miR‑340 in HCC cell lines, was identified to be a potential target of miR‑340. The results of the present study revealed that miR‑340 serves a tumor suppressor role by influencing the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of HCC cell lines, which may be explained by the downregulation of SKP2 by miR‑340.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyao Wang
- National Key Clinical Department, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, P.R. China
| | - Dan Song
- National Key Clinical Department, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, P.R. China
| | - Ping Huang
- National Key Clinical Department, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, P.R. China
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31
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Fattore L, Sacconi A, Mancini R, Ciliberto G. MicroRNA-driven deregulation of cytokine expression helps development of drug resistance in metastatic melanoma. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2017; 36:39-48. [PMID: 28551321 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs are major components of the eukaryotic post-transcriptional machinery and are frequently deregulated during cancer development. Increasing evidence points to them also as key players in the establishment of drug resistance. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the role of miRNAs in melanoma development and drug resistance and postulate that they are able to drive these processes in concert with deregulation of inflammatory and angiogenic cytokine expression. Notably, we have identified by querying the Cancer Genome Atlas database, a defined set of miRNAs which mostly have an impact on the development of melanoma and have recognized the main downstream pathways controlled by them. Most importantly, these miRNAs, which are down-regulated in metastatic melanomas as compared to primary tumors, are also able to predict prognosis of BRAF-mutated melanoma patients. Finally, we discuss the possibility that a common miRNA signature characterizes not only acquired resistance to MAPKi but also innate resistance to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, since these conditions are both associated with alterations of the same pro-angiogenetic and pro-inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Fattore
- National Cancer Institute of Naples "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Translational Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Roma "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
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32
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miRNA-340 inhibits osteoclast differentiation via repression of MITF. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170302. [PMID: 28607030 PMCID: PMC5518531 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Many miRNAs play critical roles in modulating various biological processes of osteoclast differentiation and function. Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a target of miR-340, served as pivotal transcription factor involved in osteoclast differentiation. However, the role of miR-340 and MITF during osteoclast differentiation has not yet been clearly established. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining assay was performed to identify osteoclasts differentiated from bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) or Western blotting was undertaken to examine the mRNA or protein expression respectively. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to investigate the interaction between miR-340 and MITF. MITF was knocked down and miR-340 was overexpressed and transfected into BMMs to detect their effects on osteoclast differentiation. Firstly, qRT-PCR analysis showed that miR-340 was down-regulated during osteoclast differentiation stimulated by macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κB (RANK) ligand (RANKL). Besides, we found that overexpression of miRNA-340 inhibited osteoclast differentiation and suppressed both the mRNA and protein level of MITF. Finally, Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that silencing MITF inhibited TRAP, calcitonin receptor, V-ATPase d2, and cathepsin K. miR-340 suppresses osteoclast differentiation by inhibiting MITF. Our findings may provide promising therapeutic targets for osteoclast-associated diseases.
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33
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Bu P, Luo C, He Q, Yang P, Li X, Xu D. MicroRNA-9 inhibits the proliferation and migration of malignant melanoma cells via targeting sirituin 1. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:931-938. [PMID: 28810544 PMCID: PMC5526066 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR) are a class of small non-coding RNA that are able to inhibit gene expression by directly binding to the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of their target mRNA and thus promote translational repression or mRNA degradation. Recently, miR-9 was reported to have a suppressive role in malignant melanoma; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were used to examine the mRNA and protein expression levels in malignant melanoma tissues and cell lines. The MTT assay and wound healing assay were used to examine the cell viability, proliferation and migratory capacities. Bioinformatics prediction and luciferase reporter assay were performed to investigate the relationship between miR-9 and its potential target gene. The present data revealed that miR-9 expression was significantly downregulated in malignant melanoma tissues when compared with their matched adjacent non-tumor tissues. Furthermore, the expression levels of miR-9 were reduced in malignant melanoma cell lines when compared with human normal skin HACAT cells. Moreover, the ectopic expression of miR-9 significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration of malignant melanoma cells, accompanied with a remarkable decrease in the protein expression levels of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), which were markedly upregulated in malignant melanoma tissues and cell lines. Additionally, restoration of SIRT1 reversed the suppressive effects of miR-9 on the proliferation and migration of malignant melanoma cells. Luciferase reporter assay data further identified SIRT1 as a direct target gene of miR-9. To conclude, the present findings indicate that miR-9 has a suppressive role in malignant melanoma cell viability and migration, at least in part, via directly inhibiting the protein expression of its target gene, SIRT1. Therefore, miR-9 may serve as a potential candidate for the treatment of malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingyuan Bu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Chengqun Luo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Quanyong He
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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34
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Yang D, Li Y, Zhao D. Curcumin induces apoptotic cell death in human pancreatic cancer cells via the miR-340/XIAP signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1811-1816. [PMID: 28789415 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural compound curcumin has previously been reported to inhibit pancreatic cancer cell growth. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Results from the present study demonstrate that the miR-340/X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) signaling pathway mediates curcumin-induced pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis. miR-340 was identified to be significantly upregulated following curcumin treatment. In addition, treatment with curcumin or miR-340 induced pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis, whereas silencing endogenous miR-340 significantly inhibited the proapoptotic effect of curcumin. A luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis identified that the oncogene XIAP is a direct target of miR-340. Furthermore, curcumin treatment significantly reduced XIAP expression, an effect that was rescued by treatment with anti-miR-340. The results of the present study suggest that the miR-340/XIAP signaling pathway is a downstream target of curcumin that mediates its proapoptotic effects on pancreatic cancer cells. This may provide the basis for novel treatment strategies for patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deying Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Yutao Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Deqin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi Chinese Medicine Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
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35
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Song L, Duan P, Gan Y, Li P, Zhao C, Xu J, Zhang Z, Zhou Q. MicroRNA-340-5p modulates cisplatin resistance by targeting LPAATβ in osteosarcoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e6359. [PMID: 28443990 PMCID: PMC5441287 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in drug resistance and modulate the efficiency of chemotherapy. A recent study indicated that miR-340 functions as a tumor suppressor in various types of cancer. However, the role of miR-340 in chemotherapy has not been reported yet. In this study, we found that miR-340 enhanced cisplatin (CDDP)-induced cell death. Induction of miR-340-5p expression decreased the IC50 of CDDP and increased the apoptosis of CDDP-resistant MG-63 and Saos-2 cells. Moreover, miR-340-5p decreased the accumulation of MRP1 and MDR1. We further explored the mechanism underlying the promoting effects of miR-340-5p on CDDP-induced cell death. We identified a potential target of miR-340 in the 3' untranslated region of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAATβ) using the online program Targetscan (http://www.microrna.org). Luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-340 binds to the 3'UTR of LPAATβ. Enforced expression of miR-340-5p decreased the accumulation of LPAATβ in both MG-63 and Saos-2 cells. Silencing LPAATβ decreased the IC50 of CDDP and increased the apoptosis of CDDP-resistant MG-63 and Saos-2 cells, which is consistent with the effect of miR-340-5p on CDDP-induced cell death. Moreover, induced expression of LPAATβ compromised the effects of miR-340-5p on CDDP-induced cell death and accumulation of MRP1 and MDR1. Taken together, our data indicated that miR-340-5p enhanced the sensitivity to CDDP by targeting LPAATβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Song
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - P Duan
- Southwest Eye Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Gan
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - P Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - C Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Q Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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36
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Andrews MC, Cursons J, Hurley DG, Anaka M, Cebon JS, Behren A, Crampin EJ. Systems analysis identifies miR-29b regulation of invasiveness in melanoma. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:72. [PMID: 27852308 PMCID: PMC5112703 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0554-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In many cancers, microRNAs (miRs) contribute to metastatic progression by modulating phenotypic reprogramming processes such as epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity. This can be driven by miRs targeting multiple mRNA transcripts, inducing regulated changes across large sets of genes. The miR-target databases TargetScan and DIANA-microT predict putative relationships by examining sequence complementarity between miRs and mRNAs. However, it remains a challenge to identify which miR-mRNA interactions are active at endogenous expression levels, and of biological consequence. Methods We developed a workflow to integrate TargetScan and DIANA-microT predictions into the analysis of data-driven associations calculated from transcript abundance (RNASeq) data, specifically the mutual information and Pearson’s correlation metrics. We use this workflow to identify putative relationships of miR-mediated mRNA repression with strong support from both lines of evidence. Applying this approach systematically to a large, published collection of unique melanoma cell lines – the Ludwig Melbourne melanoma (LM-MEL) cell line panel – we identified putative miR-mRNA interactions that may contribute to invasiveness. This guided the selection of interactions of interest for further in vitro validation studies. Results Several miR-mRNA regulatory relationships supported by TargetScan and DIANA-microT demonstrated differential activity across cell lines of varying matrigel invasiveness. Strong negative statistical associations for these putative regulatory relationships were consistent with target mRNA inhibition by the miR, and suggest that differential activity of such miR-mRNA relationships contribute to differences in melanoma invasiveness. Many of these relationships were reflected across the skin cutaneous melanoma TCGA dataset, indicating that these observations also show graded activity across clinical samples. Several of these miRs are implicated in cancer progression (miR-211, -340, -125b, −221, and -29b). The specific role for miR-29b-3p in melanoma has not been well studied. We experimentally validated the predicted miR-29b-3p regulation of LAMC1 and PPIC and LASP1, and show that dysregulation of miR-29b-3p or these mRNA targets can influence cellular invasiveness in vitro. Conclusions This analytic strategy provides a comprehensive, systems-level approach to identify miR-mRNA regulation in high-throughput cancer data, identifies novel putative interactions with functional phenotypic relevance, and can be used to direct experimental resources for subsequent experimental validation. Computational scripts are available: http://github.com/uomsystemsbiology/LMMEL-miR-miner Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-016-0554-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles C Andrews
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne-Austin Branch, Cancer Immunobiology Laboratory, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Joseph Cursons
- Systems Biology Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Centre for Systems Genomics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel G Hurley
- Systems Biology Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Centre for Systems Genomics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Matthew Anaka
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne-Austin Branch, Cancer Immunobiology Laboratory, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan S Cebon
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia. .,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne-Austin Branch, Cancer Immunobiology Laboratory, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia. .,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia. .,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Andreas Behren
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia. .,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne-Austin Branch, Cancer Immunobiology Laboratory, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia. .,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia.
| | - Edmund J Crampin
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Systems Biology Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Centre for Systems Genomics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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37
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Xu D, Chen X, He Q, Luo C. MicroRNA-9 suppresses the growth, migration, and invasion of malignant melanoma cells via targeting NRP1. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:7047-7057. [PMID: 27895497 PMCID: PMC5117879 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s107235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate the gene expression by directly binding to the 3' untranslated region of their target mRNA, thus resulting in mRNA degradation or translational repression. miR-9 has recently been demonstrated to play a role in the development and progression of malignant melanoma (MM), but the regulatory mechanism of miR-9 in the malignant phenotypes of MM still remains largely unknown. In this study, a total of 73 pairs of MM tissues and adjacent normal tissues were collected. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of miR-9. MTT assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay were conducted to determine the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the targeting relationship between miR-9 and NRP1. Our data demonstrated that miR-9 expression was significantly downregulated in MM tissues compared with that in adjacent normal tissues. The decreased miR-9 level was significantly associated with the tumor stage and metastasis of MM. We also found that the expression level of miR-9 was decreased in MM cell lines (G361, B16, A375, and HME1) compared with normal skin HACAT cells. Ectopic expression of miR-9 led to a significant decrease in the ability of proliferation, migration, and invasion in A375 cells. NRP1 was further identified as a direct target gene of miR-9, and the protein expression of NRP1 was negatively regulated by miR-9 in A375 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of NRP1 reversed the suppressive effects of miR-9 on the malignant phenotypes of A375 cells. In vivo study revealed that miR-9 overexpression decreased the tumor growth, while overexpression of NRP1 increased MM growth. In summary, our findings suggest that the miR-9/NRP1 axis may serve as a potential target for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanyong He
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
| | - Chengqun Luo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
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Ma Y, Shan Z, Ma J, Wang Q, Chu J, Xu P, Qin A, Fan S. Validation of downregulated microRNAs during osteoclast formation and osteoporosis progression. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2273-80. [PMID: 26783047 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced osteoclast formation and function have essential roles during post‑menopausal osteoporosis. A number of cytokines have been reported to regulate osteoclastogenesis and to be involved during the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. However, the regulation of osteolysis by microRNAs (miRNAs) has remained to be fully elucidated. The present study used a microarray analysis to identify a variety of miRNAs that are differentially expressed during osteoclast formation. Six down‑regulated miRNAs, miR‑21a‑5p, miR‑27a‑3p, let‑7i‑5p, miR‑22‑3p, miR‑340‑5p and miR‑23a‑5p, whose molecular mechanisms during osteoclast differentiation have not been reported previously, were further assessed. Using an osteoclast formation assay and a mouse model of progressive osteoporosis, the downregulation of these miRNAs was validated in vitro and in vivo. Of note, the expression patterns of these six miRNAs were associated with the progression of osteoporosis. Therefore, these miRNAs are of potential diagnostic and therapeutic value for osteolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Shan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Chu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Peiwei Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - An Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
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Tessitore A, Cicciarelli G, Del Vecchio F, Gaggiano A, Verzella D, Fischietti M, Mastroiaco V, Vetuschi A, Sferra R, Barnabei R, Capece D, Zazzeroni F, Alesse E. MicroRNA expression analysis in high fat diet-induced NAFLD-NASH-HCC progression: study on C57BL/6J mice. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:3. [PMID: 26728044 PMCID: PMC4700747 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-2007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the liver. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a frequent chronic liver disorder in developed countries. NAFLD can progress through the more severe non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and, lastly, HCC. Genetic and epigenetic alterations of coding genes as well as deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) activity play a role in HCC development. In this study, the C57BL/6J mouse model was long term high-fat (HF) or low-fat (LF) diet fed, in order to analyze molecular mechanisms responsible for the hepatic damage progression. Methods Mice were HF or LF diet fed for different time points, then plasma and hepatic tissues were collected. Histological and clinical chemistry assays were performed to assess the progression of liver disease. MicroRNAs’ differential expression was evaluated on pooled RNAs from tissues, and some miRNAs showing dysregulation were further analyzed at the individual level. Results Cholesterol, low and high density lipoproteins, triglycerides and alanine aminotransferase increase was detected in HF mice. Gross anatomical examination revealed hepatomegaly in HF livers, and histological analysis highlighted different degrees and levels of steatosis, inflammatory infiltrate and fibrosis in HF and LF animals, demonstrating the progression from NAFLD through NASH. Macroscopic nodules, showing typical neoplastic features, were observed in 20 % of HF diet fed mice. Fifteen miRNAs differentially expressed in HF with respect to LF hepatic tissues during the progression of liver damage, and in tumors with respect to HF non tumor liver specimens were identified. Among them, miR-340-5p, miR-484, miR-574-3p, miR-720, whose expression was never described in NAFLD, NASH and HCC tissues, and miR-125a-5p and miR-182, which showed early and significant dysregulation in the sequential hepatic damage process. Conclusions In this study, fifteen microRNAs which were modulated in hepatic tissues and in tumors during the transition NAFLD-NASH-HCC are reported. Besides some already described, new and early dysregulated miRNAs were identified. Functional analyses are needed to validate the results here obtained, and to better define the role of these molecules in the progression of the hepatic disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-2007-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tessitore
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Germana Cicciarelli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Filippo Del Vecchio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Agata Gaggiano
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Daniela Verzella
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Mariafausta Fischietti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Valentina Mastroiaco
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Antonella Vetuschi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Roberta Sferra
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Remo Barnabei
- S. Salvatore Hospital, Unit of Laboratory Medicine, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Daria Capece
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Francesca Zazzeroni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Edoardo Alesse
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
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Wei P, Qiao B, Li Q, Han X, Zhang H, Huo Q, Sun J. microRNA-340 Suppresses Tumorigenic Potential of Prostate Cancer Cells by Targeting High-Mobility Group Nucleosome-Binding Domain 5. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:33-43. [PMID: 26394192 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2015.3021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pengtao Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Baoping Qiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xingtao Han
- Department of Urology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Urology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Qingxiang Huo
- Department of Urology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
| | - Jiantao Sun
- Department of Urology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, China
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Mirzaei H, Gholamin S, Shahidsales S, Sahebkar A, Jaafari MR, Mirzaei HR, Hassanian SM, Avan A. MicroRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in melanoma. Eur J Cancer 2015; 53:25-32. [PMID: 26693896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is a life-threatening malignancy with poor prognosis and a relatively high burden of mortality in advanced stages. The efficacy of current available therapeutic strategies is limited, with a survival rate of less than 10%. Despite rapid advances in biomarker-guided drug development in different tumour types, including melanoma, only a very small number of biomarkers have been identified. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a molecular regulator in the development and progression of melanoma. Aberrant activation of some known miRNAs, e.g. let-7a and b, miR-148, miR-155, miR-182, miR-200c, miR-211, miR-214, miR-221 and 222, has been recognised to be linked with melanoma-associated genes such as NRAS, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, receptor tyrosine kinase c-KIT, AP-2 transcription factor, etc. There is accumulating evidence suggesting the potential impact of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic markers in diseases. In addition, miRNAs have turned out to play important roles in drug-resistance mechanisms; suggesting their modulation as a potential approach to overcome chemoresistance. This review highlights recent preclinical and clinical studies on circulating miRNAs and their potential role as diagnosis, and therapeutic targets in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sharareh Gholamin
- Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Soodabeh Shahidsales
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Microanatomy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Molecular Medicine Group, Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Huang K, Tang Y, He L, Dai Y. MicroRNA-340 inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by targeting the MDM2-p53 pathway. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:887-95. [PMID: 26718483 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have demonstrated the important role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in modulating cancer progression and metastasis, but the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate prostate cancer (PCa) tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. In the present study, we found that miR-340 may act as a tumor suppressor based on our finding that it was significantly downregulated in PCa tumor tissues and cell lines. Moreover, the expression of miR-340 was found to be correlated with the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and had a suppressive effect on tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model as well. The suppressive effect of miR-340 overexpression was observed in cell lines DU145 and BPH-1 which express wild-type (WT) p53. However, in the p53-null PC-3 cell line, the suppressive effect was not found, indicating that miR-340 may play a critical role in the p53 pathway. Further investigation revealed that mouse double minute 2 (MDM2), an important regulator of p53, was targeted by miR-340 through the direct binding to the 3'UTR of MDM2, which inhibited MDM2 translation. In addition, miR-340 expression stabilized p53 protein levels which caused an increase in p21 expression but a decrease in the anti‑apoptotic protein, BCL-2, in the p53 WT cell lines. Moreover, the miR-340-mediated inhibition of cell progression was mitigated by re-expressing MDM2 in the stable miR‑340-overexpressing PCa cell line, which harbors WT p53. Our findings suggest that miR-340 may function as a novel tumor suppressor in PCa through the MDM2-p53 pathway by directly targeting MDM2, which may be a promising miRNA-targeted therapy for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Tang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Leye He
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yingbo Dai
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Wozniak M, Sztiller-Sikorska M, Czyz M. Diminution of miR-340-5p levels is responsible for increased expression of ABCB5 in melanoma cells under oxygen-deprived conditions. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 99:707-16. [PMID: 26554847 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is usually highly refractory to chemotherapy. This resistance to treatment is mainly due to high heterogeneity and plasticity of melanoma cells strictly connected to changes in tumor microenvironment. Hypoxia can drastically alter cancer biology. Solid tumor cells under hypoxia gain stem-like features, they are more invasive and drug-resistant than their normoxic counterparts. These effects could be mediated by changes in miRNA expression under hypoxia. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that can negatively control gene expression. In the present study using microarray technology we evaluated the expression of miRNAs in melanoma cells derived from nodular melanoma and grown under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Using R environment for statistical analysis we found that 70 miRNAs were differentially-expressed, and 16 of them were significantly down-regulated in melanoma cells grown in hypoxic conditions compared to cells grown in normoxia. We intended to find transcripts whose expression is increased due to down-regulation of selected miRNAs. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that increased levels of HIF-2α, ABCB5, OCT4, SOX2 and ZEB1 in different melanoma populations under hypoxia could be a result of significant down-regulation of miR-340-5p. Inhibition of miR-340-5p confirmed that this miRNA negatively influences the expression of ABCB5. This is the first study showing the relationship between miR-340-5p and expression of ABCB5, a transmembrane transporter involved in drug resistance considered as a marker of melanoma stem-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Wozniak
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Sztiller-Sikorska
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Czyz
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
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Mannavola F, Tucci M, Felici C, Stucci S, Silvestris F. miRNAs in melanoma: a defined role in tumor progression and metastasis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 12:79-89. [PMID: 26505837 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2016.1100965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The crosstalk of melanoma cells with components of the microenvironment promotes malignant cell proliferation and spread to distant tissues. Although the major pathogenetic events have already been elucidated, the mechanisms that drive the metastatic behavior of tumor cells are still undefined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that control post-transcriptional gene expression through interconnected kinases upstream of functional genes involved in tumor progression. Here, we review the biological relevance of melanoma-related miRNAs and focus on their potential role in propagating signals that may cause tumor microenvironment rearrangements, as well as disablement of the immune system and melanoma cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mannavola
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Marco Tucci
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Claudia Felici
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Stefania Stucci
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Franco Silvestris
- a DIMO, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology , University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
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Xu P, Li Y, Zhang H, Li M, Zhu H. MicroRNA-340 Mediates Metabolic Shift in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting Glucose Transporter-1. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 74:844-50. [PMID: 26541225 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2015.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE MicroRNA-340 (miR-340) is deregulated in many human cancers in correlation with tumor progression. Recent studies have found that microRNAs play key roles in energy metabolism. This study explored the contributions of miR-340 to the metabolic shift in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS MiR-340 expression was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. MiR-340 mimics, miR-340 inhibitor, and scramble small interfering RNA were transfected into SAS human tongue SCC cells to observe their effects on cell proliferation, colony formation, lactate secretion, and glucose uptake rate. Moreover, the relation between the level of miR-340 and glucose transporter-1 (Glut1) was investigated. RESULTS The expression of miR-340 was decreased and thus induced a metabolic switch in oral cancer cells. The decrease in miR-340 increased Glut1 expression, leading to an increase in lactate secretion and glucose uptake rate. The altered metabolism induced by miR-340 resulted in the rapid proliferation of oral cancer cells. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that miR-340 might act as a molecular switch that contributes to the regulation of glycolysis in OSCC by regulating Glut1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xu
- Attending Physician, Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- Resident, Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyuan Zhang
- Resident, Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhe Li
- Resident, Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- Department Head, Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, China.
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Wang H, Liu S, Cui J, Li C, Hu Y, Zhou W, Chang Y, Qiu X, Liu Z, Wang X. Identification and Characterization of MicroRNAs from Longitudinal Muscle and Respiratory Tree in Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) Using High-Throughput Sequencing. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134899. [PMID: 26244987 PMCID: PMC4526669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as a family of non-coding small RNAs, play important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) is an important economic species which is widely cultured in East Asia. The longitudinal muscle (LTM) and respiratory tree (RPT) are two important tissues in sea cucumber, playing important roles such as respiration and movement. In this study, we identified and characterized miRNAs in the LTM and RPT of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) using Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. A total of 314 and 221 conserved miRNAs were identified in LTM and RPT, respectively. In addition, 27 and 34 novel miRNAs were identified in the LTM and RPT, respectively. A set of 58 miRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed between LTM and RPT. Among them, 9 miRNAs (miR-31a-3p, miR-738, miR-1692, let-7a, miR-72a, miR-100b-5p, miR-31b-5p, miR-429-3p, and miR-2008) in RPT and 7 miRNAs (miR-127, miR-340, miR-381, miR-3543, miR-434-5p, miR-136-3p, and miR-300-3p) in LTM were differentially expressed with foldchange value being greater than 10. A total of 14,207 and 12,174 target genes of these miRNAs were predicted, respectively. Functional analysis of these target genes of miRNAs were performed by GO analysis and pathway analysis. This result provided in this work will be useful for understanding biological characteristics of the LTM and RPT of sea cucumber and assisting molecular breeding of sea cucumber for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shikai Liu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States of America
| | - Jun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chengze Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yucai Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- School of Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yaqing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xuemei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhanjiang Liu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States of America
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
- * E-mail:
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Bai J, Zhang Z, Li X, Liu H. MicroRNA-365 inhibits growth, invasion and metastasis of malignant melanoma by targeting NRP1 expression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:4913-4922. [PMID: 26191184 PMCID: PMC4503056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of miR-365 in cancer cells seemed controversial in previous studies. We thereby in this article aimed to define the role of miR-365 in malignant melanoma (MM) pathogenesis. METHODS We detected miR-365 expression in malignant melanoma cell lines and then investigated the effects of miR-365 on the metastasis and malignancy of melanoma cells. The correlation between miR-365 level and NRP1 (neuropilin1) was further investigated in clinical malignant melanoma specimens. RESULTS MiR-365 was strongly down-regulated in malignant melanoma (MM) tissues and cell lines, and its expression levels were associated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage, as well as overall survival and replase-free survival of MM. We also found that ectopic expression of miR-365 inhibited MM cell proliferation and MM metastasis in vitro and in vivo. We further identified a novel mechanism of miR-365 to suppress MM growth and metastasis. NRP1 was proved to be a direct target of miR-365, using luciferase assay and western blot. NRP1 over-expression in miR-365 expressing cells could rescue invasion and growth defects of miR-365. In addition, miR-365 expression inversely correlated with NRP1 protein levels in MM. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that miR-365 functions as a tumor suppressor in MM development and progression, and holds promise as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Bai
- Plastic Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongling Zhang
- Plastic Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xing Li
- Plastic Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huifan Liu
- Plastic Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, China
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48
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Mione M, Bosserhoff A. MicroRNAs in melanocyte and melanoma biology. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2015; 28:340-54. [PMID: 25515738 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The importance of microRNAs as key molecular components of cellular processes is now being recognized. Recent reports have shown that microRNAs regulate processes as diverse as protein expression and nuclear functions inside cells and are able to signal extracellularly, delivered via exosomes, to influence cell fate at a distance. The versatility of microRNAs as molecular tools inspires the design of novel strategies to control gene expression, protein stability, DNA repair and chromatin accessibility that may prove very useful for therapeutic approaches due to the extensive manageability of these small molecules. However, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the microRNA network and its interactions with the other layers of regulatory elements in cellular and extracellular functions. This knowledge may be necessary before we exploit microRNA versatility in therapeutic settings. To identify rules of interactions between microRNAs and other regulatory systems, we begin by reviewing microRNA activities in a single cell type: the melanocyte, from development to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Mione
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggestein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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49
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Goswami S, Tarapore RS, Poenitzsch Strong AM, TeSlaa JJ, Grinblat Y, Setaluri V, Spiegelman VS. MicroRNA-340-mediated degradation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) mRNA is inhibited by coding region determinant-binding protein (CRD-BP). J Biol Chem 2014; 290:384-95. [PMID: 25414259 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.590158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative cleavage and polyadenylation generates multiple transcript variants producing mRNA isoforms with different length 3'-UTRs. Alternative cleavage and polyadenylation enables differential post-transcriptional regulation via the availability of different cis-acting elements in 3'-UTRs. Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is a master regulator of melanocyte development and melanogenesis. This central transcription factor is also implicated in melanoma development. Here, we show that melanoma cells favor the expression of MITF mRNA with a shorter 3'-UTR. We also establish that this isoform is regulated by a micro RNA (miRNA/miR), miR-340. miR-340 interacts with two of its target sites on the MITF 3'-UTR, causing mRNA degradation as well as decreased expression and activity of MITF. Conversely, the RNA-binding protein, coding region determinant-binding protein, was shown to be highly expressed in melanoma, directly binds to the 3'-UTR of MITF mRNA, and prevents the binding of miR-340 to its target sites, resulting in the stabilization of MITF transcripts, elevated expression, and transcriptional activity of MITF. This regulatory interplay between RNA-binding protein and miRNA highlights an important mechanism for the regulation of MITF in melanocytes and malignant melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanta Goswami
- From the Department of Dermatology and Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Rohinton S Tarapore
- From the Department of Dermatology and Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, and
| | - Ashley M Poenitzsch Strong
- From the Department of Dermatology and Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, and
| | - Jessica J TeSlaa
- the Departments of Zoology and Anatomy, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Yevgenya Grinblat
- the Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, and the Departments of Zoology and Anatomy, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | | | - Vladimir S Spiegelman
- From the Department of Dermatology and Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, and
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