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Sun Y, Fu Y, Chen R, Zhang Y, Liao T, Xi H, Sun S, Cheng Z. Profiling of volatile and non-volatile compounds in Dianhong by a combined approach of static headspace GC-MS and UPLC-MS. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2022.2136761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Sun
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Flavor Basic Research of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rirong Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Company, Kunming, China
| | - Tougen Liao
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Company, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Flavor Basic Research of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shihao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Flavor Basic Research of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Cheng
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang L, Qin S, Tang S, E S, Li K, Li J, Cai W, Sun L, Li H. Qualitative Analysis of Multiple Phytochemical Compounds in Tojapride Based on UHPLC Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2022; 27:6639. [PMID: 36235176 PMCID: PMC9571116 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tojapride is composed of Caulis Perillae, Rhizoma Cyperi, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Citrus aurantium L., Coptis chinensis Franch, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Reynoutria japonica Houtt, Tetradium ruticarpum, and Cleistocactus sepium. It has the effects of inhibiting gastric acid and relieving pain. It is clinically used for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease. To further study the pharmacodynamic properties of Tojapride, the systematic characterization of the chemical constituents in Tojapride was investigated using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry combined with parallel reaction monitoring for the first time. Eventually, a total of 222 compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and glycyrrhizic acid derivatives, were identified based on the chromatographic retention times, MS/MS2 information, and bibliography data; a total of 218 of these were reported for the first time as being present in Tojapride. This newly developed approach provides a powerful tool for extending our understanding of chemical constituents of Tojapride, which can be further extended to other TCMP composition research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Shihan Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Sunv Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Shuai E
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Kailin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Wei Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Lei Sun
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
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3
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Zheng W, Gao R, Wang F, Shan G, Gao H. Identification of Chemical Constituents in Zhizhu Pills Based on UPLC-QTOF-MSE. J AOAC Int 2022; 105:1555-1575. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Zhizhu pills (ZZP) are a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, mainly used for clinically treating digestive diseases such as functional dyspepsia, constipation, and peptic ulcer. However, the chemical constituents of ZZP have rarely been reported.
Objective
To establish an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MSE) method for the identification of chemical constituents in ZZP, including individual herbs and a complicated Chinese medicinal formula.
Methods
The extracts of ZZP and its individual herb samples were analyzed by a UPLC-QTOF-MSE method on an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column (100 × 2.1 mm id, 1.8 μm particle size) using a gradient elution of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile - 0.1% formic acid water (v/v) at a constant flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. With the MSE technique, both precursor ion and fragmentation information of compounds can be simultaneously acquired by alternating between low and high collision energy during a single chromatographic run. The data were analyzed on UNIFI.
Results
A total of 154 compounds, including 67 flavonoids, 17 coumarins, 11 terpenoids, 10 alkaloids, six limonoids, six sequiterpene lactones, and 37 other components, were ultimately identified based on accurate masses and fragmentation patterns in ZZP and its individual herbs.
Conclusions
This paper summarized fragmentation patterns of flavonoids, sequiterpene lactones, alkaloids, coumarins, and limonoids. A rapid, accurate, and comprehensive UPLC-QTOF-MSE method has been developed for the identification of chemical compounds and applied to simultaneously evaluate the quality and effectiveness of ZZP.
Highlights
A total of 154 compounds were ultimately identified in ZZP and its individual herbs by UPLC-QTOF-MSE; the fragmentation patterns of flavonoids, sequiterpene lactones, alkaloids, coumarins, and limonoids in ZZP and its individual herbs are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
| | - Ruxi Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
| | - Fanyi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
| | - Guoshun Shan
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
| | - Hui Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
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Csuti A, Sik B, Ajtony Z. Measurement of Naringin from Citrus Fruits by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography - a Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 54:473-486. [PMID: 35658668 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2082241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Naringin is a flavonoid found primarily in citrus species with especially high concentrations being present in grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), bitter orange (Citrus aurantium), and pomelo (Citrus grandis). Because of its many positive effects on human health, naringin has been the focus of increasing attention in recent years. Recently, conventional extraction methods have been commonly replaced with unconventional methods, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and other, more eco-friendly extraction methods requiring little-to-no environmentally harmful solvents or significantly less energy. Naringin analysis is most commonly done via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with a mass spectrometer (MS) or a photodiode array (DAD) detector. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent trends developments in the extraction, sample preparation, and liquid chromatographic analysis of the compound originating from citrus fruits or their products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aron Csuti
- Department of Food Science, Széchenyi István University, 15 Lucsony Str, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Sik
- Department of Food Science, Széchenyi István University, 15 Lucsony Str, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Ajtony
- Department of Food Science, Széchenyi István University, 15 Lucsony Str, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary
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Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Swarming Properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Calyx Extracts: In Vitro and In Silico Modelling Approaches. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1252672. [PMID: 35646135 PMCID: PMC9142284 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1252672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical composition of dried Roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) using both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. We report the antimicrobial activities against a wide range of bacteria, yeast, and fungi. The antioxidant activities were tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, and 2–2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging assays. We report also for the first time the effect of the swarming motility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Our results showed that the tested two extracts were a rich source of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins with different degrees. Additionally, eleven phytoconstituents were identified by LC/MS technique (Hibiscus acid: 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-feruloylquinic acid, cyanidin 3-o-glucoside, myricetin, quercetin 7-o-rutinoside, quercetin 3-o-glucoside, delphinidin 3-o-sambubioside, and kaempferol 3-o-p-coumaroyl-glucoside). Also, it was shown that the calyx extract can scavenge 86% of the DPPH radical, while the rate of 53% and 23% of inhibition of the DPPH was obtained only at the concentration of 125 and 50 µg/mL, and a small inhibition was made at a concentration of 5 μg/mL. Roselle extracts inhibited the growth of the selected microorganisms at low concentrations, while higher concentrations are needed to completely kill them. However, no activity against CVB-3 was recorded for both extracts. In addition, the obtained extracts reduced the swarming motility of P. aeruginosa at 2.5 mg/ml. The docking simulation showed acceptable binding affinities (up to −9.6 kcal/mol) and interaction with key residues of 1JIJ, 2QZW, and 2UVO. The obtained results highlighted the potential use of Roselle extract as a source of phytoconstituents with promising antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-quorum sensing activities.
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de Moura PHB, Porzel A, Nunes RM, Baratto LC, Wessjohann LA, Martins RCC, Leal ICR. Antioxidant capacity and fragmentation features of C-glycoside isoflavones by high-resolution electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry using collision-induced and high-energy collisional dissociation techniques. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4793. [PMID: 34881488 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The rapid annotation and identification by mass spectrometry techniques of flavonoids remains a challenge, due to their structural diversity and the limited availability of reference standards. This study applies a workflow to characterize two isoflavonoids, the orobol-C-glycosides analogs, using high-energy collisional dissociation (HCD)- and collision-induced dissociation (CID)-type fragmentation patterns, and also to evaluate the antioxidant effects of these compounds by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazolin acid) 6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods. By the CID-type fragmentation, in positive mode and at all high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) multiple stage, there were shown differences in the annotation of the compounds, mainly concerning some ratios of relative abundance. At CID-MS2 20 eV, the compounds could be efficiently characterized, because they present distinct base peaks [M + H]+ and [M + H-H2O]+ for the orobol-8-C- and orobol-6-C-glycoside, respectively. Similarly, by the HCD-type fragmentation, in HRMS2 stage, differences between orobol analogs in both mode of ionization were observed. However, the HR HCD-MS2 at 80 eV, in positive mode, generated more ions and each isomer presented different base peaks ions, [0,2X]+ for the orobol-8-C-glycoside and [0,3X]+ for the orobol-6-C-glycoside. By the DPPH, the 8-C-derivative showed a very close value compared with the standard rutin and, in the ABTS method, a higher radical-scavenging activity. In both methods, the EC50 of orobol-8-C-glycoside was almost twice better compared with orobol-6-C-glycoside. In FRAP, both C-glycosides showed a good capacity as Fe+3 reducing agents. We could realize that combined MS techniques, highlighting the positive mode of ionization, can be used to evaluate the isoflavones analogs being useful to differentiate between the isomeric flavones; therefore, these data are important to mass spectrometry dereplication studies become more efficient. HIGHLIGHTS: The MS2, in positive mode of ionization, at low CID energies (15 and 20 eV) and at high HCD energies (50 eV), was suitable to characterize orobol 8 and 6-C-derivatives. Positive mode of ionization was effective to rapid annotation of each orobol C-glycoside. The orobol C-derivatives showed high radical scavenging effects. Orobol-8-C-glycoside showed higher antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Homobono Brito de Moura
- Natural Products Research Institute (IPPN), Center of Health Sciences (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Biological Assays (LaProNEB), Natural Products and Food Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Center of Health Sciences (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrea Porzel
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Rafaela Machado Nunes
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Biological Assays (LaProNEB), Natural Products and Food Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Center of Health Sciences (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leopoldo Clemente Baratto
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Biological Assays (LaProNEB), Natural Products and Food Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Center of Health Sciences (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Roberto Carlos Campos Martins
- Natural Products Research Institute (IPPN), Center of Health Sciences (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ivana Correa Ramos Leal
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Biological Assays (LaProNEB), Natural Products and Food Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Center of Health Sciences (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Karthikeyan A, Kim HH, Preethi V, Moniruzzaman M, Lee KH, Kalaiselvi S, Kim GS, Min T. Assessment of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Citrus unshiu Peel (CUP) Flavonoids on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2209. [PMID: 34686018 PMCID: PMC8538621 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Citrus unshiu is a popular medicinal herb in several Asian countries, in particular South Korea. C. unshiu peel (CUP) has several biologically active compounds, including flavonoids. Hence, this research aimed to label the flavonoids from CUP by HPLC-MS/MS analysis and examine their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. A total of four flavonoids (Rutin, naringin, hesperidin, and poncirin) were characterized, and their contents were quantified from CUP. It showed that the naringin is rich in CUP. Further, treatment with the flavonoids at concentrations of 2.5 and 5 μg/mL had no effect on the cell viability of RAW 264.7 macrophages. On the other hand, it decreased the production and expression of inflammatory mediators and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, and COX2 in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, flavonoids treatment inhibited the NF-κB activation by downregulating the p-p65 and p-IκBα proteins expression. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production considerably decreased at the same concentrations while antioxidant enzyme activity increased in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Collectively, our results show that CUP flavonoids have the potential to decrease inflammation and oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhimoolam Karthikeyan
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju City 63243, Korea;
| | - Hun Hwan Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Korea; (H.H.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Vetrivel Preethi
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Korea; (H.H.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Mohammad Moniruzzaman
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA) and Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju City 63243, Korea;
| | - Ki Ho Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, Korea;
| | - Senthil Kalaiselvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore 641028, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Korea; (H.H.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Taesun Min
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA) and Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju City 63243, Korea;
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Hegazi NM, Khattab AR, Frolov A, Wessjohann LA, Farag MA. Authentication of saffron spice accessions from its common substitutes via a multiplex approach of UV/VIS fingerprints and UPLC/MS using molecular networking and chemometrics. Food Chem 2021; 367:130739. [PMID: 34371278 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Saffron is a spice revered for its unique flavor and health attributes often subjected to fraudulence. In this study, molecular networking as a visualization tool for UPLC/MS dataset of saffron and its common substitutes i.e. safflower and calendula (n = 21) was employed for determining genuineness of saffron and detecting its common substitutes i.e. safflower and calendula. Saffron was abundant in flavonol-O-glycosides and crocetin esters versus richness of flavanones/chalcones glycosides in safflower and cinnamates/terpenes in calendula. OPLS-DA identified differences in UPLC/MS profiles of different saffron accessions where oxo-hydroxy-undecenoic acid-O-hexoside was posed as saffron authentication marker and aided in discrimination between Spanish saffron of high quality from its inferior grade i.e. Iranian saffron along with crocetin di-O-gentiobiosyl ester and kaempferol-O-sophoroside. Kaempferol-O-neohesperidoside and N,N,N,-p-coumaroyl spermidine were characteristic safflower metabolites, whereas, calendulaglycoside C and di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid were unique to calendula. UV/VIS fingerprint spectral regions of picrocrocin (230-260 nm) and crocin derivatives (400-470 nm) were posed as being discriminatory of saffron authenticity and suggestive it can replace UPLC/MS in saffrom quality determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine M Hegazi
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, Division of Pharmaceutical Industries, National Research Centre, PO Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira R Khattab
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria 1029, Egypt
| | - Andrej Frolov
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., P.B. 11562, Cairo, Egypt; Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, the American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt.
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9
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Quality Assessment of Insamyangpye Decoction by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Multiple Reaction Monitoring. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9050831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insamyangpye decoction (ISYPD) is an oriental herbal prescription used in Korea to treat lung-related diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ISYPD is a complex prescription consisting of 13 herbal medicines, and ISYPD sample was obtained by adding 50 L of distilled water to a mixture (5 kg) of 13 herbal medicines, extracting at 100 °C for 2 h using an electric extractor, and freeze-drying. In this study, an accurate and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method based on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was developed and verified for quality assessment of ISYPD using 10 marker components: mulberroside A (1), amygdalin (2), liquiritin apioside (3), naringin (4), poncirin (5), platycodin D (6), ginsenoside Rb1 (7), glycyrrhizin (8), saikosaponin A (9), and schizandrin (10). These marker compounds were separated using an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) maintained at 30 °C with a mobile phase elution gradient of acetonitrile in distilled water, both containing 0.1% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid. Marker components were quantified using the LC–MS/MS MRM method developed and validated, and found at 0.09–7.47 mg/g.
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10
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Pua A, Goh RMV, Ee KH, Huang Y, Liu SQ, Lassabliere B, Yu B. Improving Resolution of Isomeric Flavonoids and Their Glycosides Using Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography Coupled With High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Chromatographia 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-021-04027-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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11
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Wang H, Wu R, Xie D, Ding L, Lv X, Bian Y, Chen X, Nisma Lena BA, Wang S, Li K, Chen W, Ye G, Sun M. A Combined Phytochemistry and Network Pharmacology Approach to Reveal the Effective Substances and Mechanisms of Wei-Fu-Chun Tablet in the Treatment of Precancerous Lesions of Gastric Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:558471. [PMID: 33381024 PMCID: PMC7768900 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.558471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wei-Fu-Chun (WFC) tablet is a commercial medicinal product approved by China Food and Drug Administration, which is made of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey., Citrus aurantium L., and Isodon amethystoides (Benth.). WFC has been popularly used for the treatment of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) in clinical practice. In this study, a UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS method in both positive and negative ion mode was employed to rapidly survey the major constituents of WFC. 178 compounds including diterpenoids, triterpenes, sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, saponins, phenylpropanoids, lignans, coumarins, organic acids, fatty acids, quinones, and sterols, were identified by comparing their retention times, accurate mass within 5 ppm error, and MS fragmentation ions. In addition, 77 absorbed parent molecules and nine metabolites in rat serum were rapidly characterized by UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS. The network pharmacology method was used to predict the active components, corresponding therapeutic targets, and related pathways of WFC in the treatment of PLGC. Based on the main compounds in WFC and their metabolites in rat plasma and existing databases, 13 active components, 48 therapeutic targets, and 61 pathways were found to treat PLGC. The results of PLGC experiment in rats showed that WFC could improve the weight of PLGC rats and the histopathological changes of gastric mucosa partly by inhibiting Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway to increase pepsin secretion. This study offers an applicable approach to identify chemical components, absorbed compounds, and metabolic compounds in WFC, and provides a method to explore bioactive ingredients and action mechanisms of WFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.,The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruoming Wu
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqin Ding
- Shanghai Zhonghua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Lv
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqin Bian
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bahaji Azami Nisma Lena
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunchun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Li
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Huqingyutang Chinese Medicine Modernization Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guan Ye
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Specialized natural product analysis and chemophenetics of some Turkish endemic Centaurea L. (Asteraceae) taxa by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry fingerprinting and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2020.104079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Xu W, Xiao M, Li J, Chen Y, Sun Q, Li H, Sun W. Hepatoprotective effects of Di Wu Yang Gan: A medicinal food against CCl 4-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. Food Chem 2020; 327:127093. [PMID: 32470802 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of functional foods based on medicinal food ingredients has become a hot topic in China. Di Wu Yang Gan (DWYG) is a Chinese medicinal food that contains five dietary plants. Various health benefits, including anti-inflammation, liver regeneration regulation, have been reported, though the mechanism is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of DWYG on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury (ALI) in embryonic liver L-02 cells and mice model. DWYG-medicated serum protected L-02 cells from carbon tetrachloride-induced damage, reduced the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the culture medium, decreased the expression of Bax and increased the expression of Bcl-2. Mice study suggested that DWYG decreased the levels of malondialdehyde, ALT and AST. Together, these results suggest the hepatoprotective effects of DWYG against ALI and provide an experimental basis for the utilization of DWYG to treat liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mingzhong Xiao
- Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiayao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Quancai Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Hanmin Li
- Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Wencai Sun
- Army Hospital of the 81st Army Group, Zhangjiakou, China
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14
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A New Italian Purple Corn Variety (Moradyn) Byproduct Extract: Antiglycative and Hypoglycemic In Vitro Activities and Preliminary Bioaccessibility Studies. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081958. [PMID: 32340142 PMCID: PMC7221992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The reuse of byproducts from agricultural and food industries represents the key factor in a circular economy, whose interest has grown in the last two decades. Thus, the extraction of bioactives from agro-industrial byproducts is a potential source of valuable molecules. The aim of this work was to investigate the in vitro capacity of byproducts from a new Italian corn variety, named Moradyn, to inhibit the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) involved in several chronic age-related disorders. In addition, the hypoglycemic effect of Moradyn was tested by in vitro enzymatic systems. A Moradyn phytocomplex and its purified anthocyanin fraction were able to inhibit fructosamine formation and exhibited antiglycative properties when tested using BSA-sugars and BSA-methylglyoxal assays. These properties could be attributed to the polyphenols, mainly anthocyanins and flavonols, detected by RP-HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn. Finally, a Moradyn phytocomplex was submitted to a simulated in vitro digestion process to study its bioaccessibility. Moradyn could be considered as a promising food ingredient in the context of typical type 2 diabetes risk factors and the study will continue in the optimization of the ideal formulation to preserve its bioactivities from digestion.
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15
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Qian W, Wu W, Kang Y, Wang Y, Yang P, Deng Y, Ni C, Huang J. Comprehensive identification of minor components and bioassay-guided isolation of an unusual antioxidant from Azolla imbricata using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography—quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with multicomponent knockout and bioactivity evaluation. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Liu Y, Romijn EP, Verniest G, Laukens K, De Vijlder T. Mass spectrometry-based structure elucidation of small molecule impurities and degradation products in pharmaceutical development. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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17
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Liu M, Jiang Y, Liu R, Liu M, Yi L, Liao N, Liu S. Structural features guided “fishing” strategy to identification of flavonoids from lotus plumule in a self-built data “pool” by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1124:122-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Chen Y, Zhang S, Wei S, Li Y, Li W, Yan M, Deng Y, Zhang B, Cai H. Identification and analysis of components in Shen-Fu-Shu granule extract and in rat plasma after oral administration by UPLC-ESI/Q-TOF-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 169:159-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Green Tea Seed Oil Suppressed Aβ 1⁻42-Induced Behavioral and Cognitive Deficit via the Aβ-Related Akt Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081865. [PMID: 30991755 PMCID: PMC6514763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the availability of seeds, one of the byproducts of green tea, and evaluate the physiological activity of seed oil. The ameliorating effect of green tea seed oil (GTO) was evaluated on H2O2-induced PC12 cells and amyloid beta (Aβ)1–42-induced ICR mice. GTO showed improvement of cell viability and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in H2O2-induced PC12 cells by conducting the 2′,3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) analysis. Also, administration of GTO (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) presented protective effects on behavioral and memory dysfunction by conducting Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze tests in Aβ-induced ICR mice. GTO protected the antioxidant system by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reducing glutathione (GSH) contents. It significantly regulated the cholinergic system of acetylcholine (ACh) contents, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, and AChE expression. Also, mitochondrial function was improved through the reduced production of ROS and damage of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by regulating the Aβ-related c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/protein kinase B (Akt) and Akt/apoptosis pathways. This study suggested that GTO may have an ameliorating effect on cognitive dysfunction and neurotoxicity through various physiological activities.
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20
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Long-Term Effect on Bioactive Components and Antioxidant Activity of Thermal and High-Pressure Pasteurization of Orange Juice. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102706. [PMID: 30347848 PMCID: PMC6222786 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term effect of thermal pasteurization (TP) and high-pressure processing (HPP) of orange juices stored under refrigeration, on the bioactive components and antioxidant activity, was compared. Total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid, anthocyanin, and carotenoid contents, the individual content of major phenolic components, and the antioxidant activity, were evaluated in TP- and HPP-treated juices over a 36-day period. At day 0, no significant differences in TPC, and a decrease in carotenoid content after both treatments, were observed. TP caused a decrease of flavonoid and anthocyanin contents, while HPP increased flavonoid content. Three major phenolic components were identified: apigenin-6,8-di-C-glucoside, naringenin-7-O-rutinoside, and hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside, the latter increasing ca. 45% immediately after HPP. During storage, a decrease in TPC, and in the anthocyanin and carotenoid contents of both treated juices was observed, with higher anthocyanin and phenolic contents in HPP juices. A significant increase of hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside content was observed in HPP juice. Both treatments caused a decrease (26% and 13%, respectively) of antioxidant activity. Most of the kinetic profiles followed zero-order patterns, with HPP juices showing a considerably higher half-life than TP ones. These results clearly demonstrate the advantages of HPP for orange juice preservation allowing, also, their nutritional benefits to be enhanced by increasing the content of some bioactive components.
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21
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Mahmoodani F, Perera CO, Abernethy G, Fedrizzi B, Greenwood D, Chen H. Identification of Vitamin D3 Oxidation Products Using High-Resolution and Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1442-1455. [PMID: 29556928 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1926-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In a successful fortification program, the stability of micronutrients added to the food is one of the most important factors. The added vitamin D3 is known to sometimes decline during storage of fortified milks, and oxidation through fatty acid lipoxidation could be suspected as the likely cause. Identification of vitamin D3 oxidation products (VDOPs) in natural foods is a challenge due to the low amount of their contents and their possible transformation to other compounds during analysis. The main objective of this study was to find a method to extract VDOPs in simulated whole milk powder and to identify these products using LTQ-ion trap, Q-Exactive Orbitrap and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The multistage mass spectrometry (MSn) spectra can help to propose plausible schemes for unknown compounds and their fragmentations. With the growth of combinatorial libraries, mass spectrometry (MS) has become an important analytical technique because of its speed of analysis, sensitivity, and accuracy. This study was focused on identifying the fragmentation rules for some VDOPs by incorporating MS data with in silico calculated MS fragmentation pathways. Diels-Alder derivatization was used to enhance the sensitivity and selectivity for the VDOPs' identification. Finally, the confirmed PTAD-derivatized target compounds were separated and analyzed using ESI(+)-UHPLC-MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mahmoodani
- School of Chemical Sciences, Food Science Program, University of Auckland, Building 302, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Conrad O Perera
- School of Chemical Sciences, Food Science Program, University of Auckland, Building 302, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Grant Abernethy
- Fonterra Cooperative Group Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Bruno Fedrizzi
- School of Chemical Sciences, Food Science Program, University of Auckland, Building 302, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Greenwood
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Building 302, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hong Chen
- Fonterra Cooperative Group Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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22
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Bai Y, Zheng Y, Pang W, Peng W, Wu H, Yao H, Li P, Deng W, Cheng J, Su W. Identification and Comparison of Constituents of Aurantii Fructus and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus by UFLC-DAD-Triple TOF-MS/MS. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040803. [PMID: 29601542 PMCID: PMC6017871 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Aurantii Fructus (AF) and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (AFI) are both the fruits of the same rutaceae plant at different stages of growth, they exert similar yet distinct clinical effects. The chemical composition is crucial for quality control as well as therapeutic application. To address this concern, it is significant to evaluate the similarities and differences of the constituents in both AF and AFI. The extract of AF and AFI were comprehensively analyzed by ultra fast liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector-triple-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-DAD-Triple TOF-MS/MS). Among the 40 compounds detected, 19 metabolites were detected in both the AF and AFI; whereas 13 compounds were only detected in AF and five constituents were exclusively detected in AFI. In particular, even in AFI, three compounds were only identified in AFI (Citrus aurantium' L. and its cultivar). Among the 18 compounds confirmed by standard database, 13 compounds were reported in AF and AFI for the first time. Furthermore, the distinction was also revealed by the content of naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, and synephrine. The study directly contributed to the similarities and differences of AF and AFI. Herein, similarities and the differences in chemical profiles of AF and AFI could explain the current clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Yuying Zheng
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Wenjing Pang
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Wei Peng
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Hongliang Yao
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Panlin Li
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Wen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Ultrafine Granular Powder of Herbal Medicine technology and Application of state Administration, Zhongshan 528437, China.
| | - Jinle Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ultrafine Granular Powder of Herbal Medicine technology and Application of state Administration, Zhongshan 528437, China.
| | - Weiwei Su
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Cai T, Guo ZQ, Xu XY, Wu ZJ. Recent (2000-2015) developments in the analysis of minor unknown natural products based on characteristic fragment information using LC-MS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:202-216. [PMID: 27341181 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) has been widely used in natural product analysis. Global detection and identification of nontargeted components are desirable in natural product research, for example, in quality control of Chinese herbal medicine. Nontargeted components analysis continues to expand to exciting life science application domains such as metabonomics. With this background, the present review summarizes recent developments in the analysis of minor unknown natural products using LC-MS and mainly focuses on the determination of the molecular formulae, selection of precursor ions, and characteristic fragmentation patterns of the known compounds. This review consists of three parts. Firstly, the methods used to determine unique molecular formula of unknown compounds such as accurate mass measurements, MSn spectra, or relative isotopic abundance information, are introduced. Secondly, the methods improving signal-to-noise ratio of MS/MS spectra by manual-MS/MS or workflow targeting-only signals were elucidated; pure precursor ions can be selected by changing the precursor ion isolated window. Lastly, characteristic fragmentation patterns such as Retro-Diels-Alder (RDA), McLafferty rearrangements, "internal residue loss," and so on, occurring in the molecular ions of natural products are summarized. Classical application of characteristic fragmentation patterns in identifying unknown compounds in extracts and relevant fragmentation mechanisms are presented (RDA reactions occurring readily in the molecular ions of flavanones or isoflavanones, McLafferty-type fragmentation reactions of some natural products such as epipolythiodioxopiperazines; fragmentation by "internal residue loss" possibly involving ion-neutral complex intermediates). © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:202-216, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Cai
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Ze-Qin Guo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Xu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Wu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Yang Z, Li Z, Li Z. DPPH-HPLC-MS assisted rapid identification of endothelial protective substances from Xiao-Ke-An. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 211:188-196. [PMID: 28716572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xiao-Ke-An formula (XKA) is a Chinese medicine widely used for treating diabetes and associated complications. Endothelial protection is thought to be one of its therapeutic mechanisms. However, the protective effect of XKA on endothelial cells remains unclear, especially in oxidative injury induced endothelial dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS A novel strategy to rapidly screen and identify potential endothelial protective substances from XKA was established by combining the 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (DPPH-HPLC-MS) approach with cell-based verification. Firstly, the DPPH-HPLC-MS approach was employed to identify the antioxidants in XKA. Then, the potent endothelial protective effect of XKA, and the potential active substances and mechanism of action were revealed in EA.hy926 cells injured by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP). RESULTS XKA exhibited potent antioxidant activity and endothelial protective effect. Phenolic acids derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, root and rhizome, xanthones from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, rhizome, and acteoside from Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC., root, were identified as the major endothelial protective components in XKA. CONCLUSIONS An efficient method for rapid identifying endothelial protective substances from complex mixtures was developed and used to identify the major endothelial protective components in XKA. This method would help reveal the material base of herbal medicine with endothelial protective effect, and could also be applied to discover novel natural-origin endothelial protective substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhong Yang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
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Use of an online extraction liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry method for the characterization of polyphenols in Citrus paradisi cv. Changshanhuyu peel. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1533:87-93. [PMID: 29248344 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chemical profiling of natural products by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was critical for understanding of their clinical bioactivities, and sample pretreatment steps have been considered as a bottleneck for analysis. Currently, concerted efforts have been made to develop sample pretreatment methods with high efficiency, low solvent and time consumptions. Here, a simple and efficient online extraction (OLE) strategy coupled with HPLC-diode array detector-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS) was developed for rapid chemical profiling. For OLE strategy, guard column inserted with ground sample (2 mg) instead of sample loop was connected with manual injection valve, in which components were directly extracted and transferred to HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS system only by mobile phase without any extra time, solvent, instrument and operation. By comparison with offline heat-reflux extraction of Citrus paradisi cv. Changshanhuyu (Changshanhuyu) peel, OLE strategy presented higher extraction efficiency perhaps because of the high pressure and gradient elution mode. A total of twenty-two secondary metabolites were detected according to their retention times, UV spectra, exact mass, and fragmentation ions in MS/MS spectra, and nine of them were discovered in Changshanhuyu peel for the first time to our knowledge. It is concluded that the developed OLE-HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS system offers new perspectives for rapid chemical profiling of natural products.
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Spigoni V, Mena P, Fantuzzi F, Tassotti M, Brighenti F, Bonadonna RC, Del Rio D, Dei Cas A. Bioavailability of Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) Flavanones and Biological Activity of Their Circulating Metabolites in Human Pro-Angiogenic Cells. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9121328. [PMID: 29211032 PMCID: PMC5748778 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid angiogenic cells (MACs) play a key role in endothelial repairing processes and functionality but their activity may be impaired by the lipotoxic effects of some molecules like stearic acid (SA). Among the dietary components potentially able to modulate endothelial function in vivo, (poly)phenolic compounds represent serious candidates. Here, we apply a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to shed light on the prospects of Bergamot (Citrus bergamia), a citrus fruit rich in flavanones and other phenolic compounds, in the framework of lipotoxicity-induced MACs impairment. The flavanone profile of bergamot juice was characterized and 16 compounds were identified, with a new 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG) flavanone, isosakuranetin-7-O-neohesperidoside-6″-O-HMG, described for the first time. Then, a pilot bioavailability study was conducted in healthy volunteers to assess the circulating flavanone metabolites in plasma and urine after consumption of bergamot juice. Up to 12 flavanone phase II conjugates (sulfates and glucuronides of hesperetin, naringenin and eriodyctiol) were detected and quantified. Finally, the effect of some of the metabolites identified in vivo, namely hesperetin-7-O-glucuronide, hesperetin-3′-O-glucuronide, naringenin-7-O-glucuronide and naringenin-4′-O-glucuronide, was tested, at physiological concentrations, on gene expression of inflammatory markers and apoptosis in MACs exposed to SA. Under these conditions, naringenin-4′-O-glucuronide and hesperetin-7-O-glucuronide were able to modulate inflammation, while no flavanone glucuronide was effective in curbing stearate-induced lipoapoptosis. These results demonstrate that some flavanone metabolites, derived from the in vivo transformation of bergamot juice phenolics in humans, may mitigate stearate-induced inflammation in MACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Spigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Pedro Mena
- The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food & Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Federica Fantuzzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Michele Tassotti
- The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food & Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Furio Brighenti
- The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food & Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Riccardo C Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- The Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Food & Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Dei Cas
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
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Papetti A, Maietta M, Corana F, Marrubini G, Gazzani G. Polyphenolic profile of green/red spotted Italian Cichorium intybus salads by RP-HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS n. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Qin Y, Gao B, Shi H, Cao J, Yin C, Lu W, Yu L, Cheng Z. Characterization of flavonol mono-, di-, tri- and tetra- O -glycosides by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and its application for identification of flavonol glycosides in Viola tianschanica. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 142:113-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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29
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Liu XY, Fan ML, Wang HY, Yu BY, Liu JH. Metabolic profile and underlying improved bio-activity of Fructus aurantii immaturus by human intestinal bacteria. Food Funct 2017; 8:2193-2201. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01851c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fructus aurantii immaturus (FAI) is the dried young fruit of Citrus aurantium L. or Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 211198
- China
| | - Meng Lin Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 211198
- China
| | - Huai You Wang
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- China
| | - Bo yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Ji Hua Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 211198
- China
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30
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Li Q, Liu Y, Han L, Liu J, Liu W, Feng F, Zhang J, Xie N. Chemical constituents and quality control of twoDracocephalumspecies based on high-performance liquid chromatographic fingerprints coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and chemometrics. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4071-4085. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yiqi Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Lingfei Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Jiazhuo Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- Key Laboratory on Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Feng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Ning Xie
- Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Corporation; Ganzhou China
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31
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Liu M, Dong J, Lin Z, Niu Y, Zhang X, Jiang H, Guo N, Li W, Wang H, Chen S. Rapid screening of transferrin-binders in the flowers of Bauhinia blakeana Dunn by on-line high-performance liquid chromatography–diode-array detector–electrospray ionization–ion-trap–time-of-flight–mass spectrometry–transferrin–fluorescence detection system. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1450:17-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Tan S, Zhao X, Yang Y, Ke Z, Zhou Z. Chemical Profiling Using Uplc Q-Tof/Ms and Antioxidant Activities ofFortunellaFruits. J Food Sci 2016; 81:C1646-53. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Tan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture; Southwest Univ; Chongqing 400716 China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions; Ministry of Education; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Xijuan Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture; Southwest Univ; Chongqing 400716 China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions; Ministry of Education; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture; Southwest Univ; Chongqing 400716 China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions; Ministry of Education; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Zunli Ke
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture; Southwest Univ; Chongqing 400716 China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions; Ministry of Education; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Zhiqin Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture; Southwest Univ; Chongqing 400716 China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions; Ministry of Education; Chongqing 400715 China
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33
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Estork DM, Gusmão DF, Paciencia ML, Frana SA, Díaz IE, Varella AD, Younes RN, Reis LF, Montero EF, Bernardi MM, Suffredini IB. Casinga-cheirosa organic extract impairment over Balb-c male mice behavioral phenotype. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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34
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Zhang X, Lin Z, Fang J, Liu M, Niu Y, Chen S, Wang H. An on-line high-performance liquid chromatography–diode-array detector–electrospray ionization–ion-trap–time-of-flight–mass spectrometry–total antioxidant capacity detection system applying two antioxidant methods for activity evaluation of the edible flowers from Prunus mume. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1414:88-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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35
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Rapid identification and quantitative analysis of the chemical constituents in Scutellaria indica L. by UHPLC-QTOF-MS and UHPLC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 117:125-39. [PMID: 26350559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) was used to separate and identify the compounds in Scutellaria indica L. Fragmentation patterns of these compounds were investigated by the UHPLC-QTOF-MS technique in both negative and positive ion modes. By using this strategy, both intact precursors and fragment ions information were obtained from a single injection. A total of 42 phenolic and other compounds were unequivocally or tentatively identified from S. indica for the first time. Among them, 8 phenolic compounds: scutellarin, luteolin, naringenin, wogonoside, apigenin, hispidulin, wogonin and chrysin were further quantified and used as marker substances by multiple-reaction monitoring in negative ionization mode. The results demonstrated that the calibration curves for all analytes showed good linearity (R(2)>0.9992) within the test ranges. The overall limits of detection and limits of quantification were 0.12-10.52 ng/mL and 4.67-20.22 ng/mL, respectively. The recovery was 96.02-102.88% with a relative standard deviation of less than 3.02%. It is proposed that the methods described here can be applied for rapid evaluation, quality control and authenticity establishment of S. indica.
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36
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Vaniya A, Fiehn O. Using fragmentation trees and mass spectral trees for identifying unknown compounds in metabolomics. Trends Analyt Chem 2015; 69:52-61. [PMID: 26213431 PMCID: PMC4509603 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Identification of unknown metabolites is the bottleneck in advancing metabolomics, leaving interpretation of metabolomics results ambiguous. The chemical diversity of metabolism is vast, making structure identification arduous and time consuming. Currently, comprehensive analysis of mass spectra in metabolomics is limited to library matching, but tandem mass spectral libraries are small compared to the large number of compounds found in the biosphere, including xenobiotics. Resolving this bottleneck requires richer data acquisition and better computational tools. Multi-stage mass spectrometry (MSn) trees show promise to aid in this regard. Fragmentation trees explore the fragmentation process, generate fragmentation rules and aid in sub-structure identification, while mass spectral trees delineate the dependencies in multi-stage MS of collision-induced dissociations. This review covers advancements over the past 10 years as a tool for metabolite identification, including algorithms, software and databases used to build and to implement fragmentation trees and mass spectral annotations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Vaniya
- University of California Davis, Department of Chemistry, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- University of California Davis, West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- University of California Davis, West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- King Abdulaziz University, Biochemistry Department, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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37
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Bresciani L, Calani L, Cossu M, Mena P, Sayegh M, Ray S, Del Rio D. (Poly)phenolic characterization of three food supplements containing 36 different fruits, vegetables and berries. PHARMANUTRITION 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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38
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Chen RC, Xu XD, Zhi Liu X, Sun GB, Zhu YD, Dong X, Wang J, Zhang HJ, Zhang Q, Sun XB. Total Flavonoids from Clinopodium chinense (Benth.) O. Ktze Protect against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity In Vitro and In Vivo. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:472565. [PMID: 25784945 PMCID: PMC4346128 DOI: 10.1155/2015/472565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin has cardiotoxic effects that limit its clinical benefit in cancer patients. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of the total flavonoids from Clinopodium chinense (Benth.) O. Ktze (TFCC) against doxorubicin- (DOX-) induced cardiotoxicity. Male rats were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of DOX (3 mg/kg) every 2 days for three injections. Heart samples were collected 2 weeks after the last DOX dose and then analyzed. DOX delayed body and heart growth and caused cardiac tissue injury, oxidative stress, apoptotic damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and Bcl-2 expression disturbance. Similar experiments in H9C2 cardiomyocytes showed that doxorubicin reduced cell viability, increased ROS generation and DNA fragmentation, disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential, and induced apoptotic cell death. However, TFCC pretreatment suppressed all of these adverse effects of doxorubicin. Signal transduction studies indicated that TFCC suppressed DOX-induced overexpression of p53 and phosphorylation of JNK, p38, and ERK. Studies with LY294002 (a PI3K/AKT inhibitor) demonstrated that the mechanism of TFCC-induced cardioprotection also involves activation of PI3K/AKT. These findings indicated the potential clinical application of TFCC in preventing DOX-induced cardiac oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chang Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, North Road Malianwa, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Xu Dong Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, North Road Malianwa, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Xue Zhi Liu
- Academy of Forestry, Baishan, Jilin 134302, China
| | - Gui Bo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, North Road Malianwa, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Yin Di Zhu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, North Road Malianwa, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Xi Dong
- Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Harbin University of Commerce, Xuehai Street, Songbei District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China
| | - Hai Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiao Bo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, North Road Malianwa, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China
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39
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Zhao Y, Chang YS, Chen P. Differentiation of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus from Poniciri Trifoliatae Fructus Immaturus using flow-injection mass spectrometric (FIMS) metabolic fingerprinting method combined with chemometrics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 107:251-7. [PMID: 25622204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A flow-injection mass spectrometric metabolic fingerprinting method in combination with chemometrics was used to differentiate Aurantii Fructus Immaturus from its counterfeit Poniciri Trifoliatae Fructus Immaturus. Flow-injection mass spectrometric (FIMS) fingerprints of 9 Aurantii Fructus Immaturus samples and 12 Poniciri Trifoliatae Fructus Immaturus samples were acquired and analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA). The authentic herbs were differentiated from their counterfeits easily. Eight characteristic components which were responsible for the differences between the samples were tentatively identified. Furthermore, three out of the eight components, naringin, hesperidin, and neohesperidin, were quantified. The results are useful to help identify the authenticity of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Building-161, BARC-East, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
| | - Yuan-Shiun Chang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Pei Chen
- Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Building-161, BARC-East, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States.
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40
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Yu EA, Kim GS, Lee JE, Park S, Yi S, Lee SJ, Kim JH, Jin JS, Abd El-Aty AM, Shim JH, Shin SC. Flavonoid profiles of immature and mature fruit tissues ofCitrus grandisOsbeck (Dangyuja) and overall contribution to the antioxidant effect. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 29:590-4. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ae Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Gon-Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Semin Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yi
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Kim
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Citrus Genetic Resources Bank, College of Applied Life Science; Jeju National University, SARI; Jeju 690-756 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sung Jin
- Division of High Technology Materials Research, Busan Center; Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI); Busan 618-230 Republic of Korea
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Cairo University; 12211 Giza Egypt
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science; Chonnam National University; Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, 500-757 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science; Chonnam National University; Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, 500-757 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
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41
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Screening for in vitro metabolites of kakkalide and irisolidone in human and rat intestinal bacteria by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 947-948:117-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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42
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Metabolic profile of irisolidone in rats obtained by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 941:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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43
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An H, Wang H, Lan Y, Hashi Y, Chen S. Simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic acids and flavonoids for the quality control of Apocynum venetum L. leaves by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS and HPLC-DAD. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 85:295-304. [PMID: 23973760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A reliable method based on high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS) was developed for the identification of phenolic acids and flavonoids in Apocynum venetum L. leaves and its adulterant, Pocynum hendersonii (Hook. f.) Woodson leaves. A total of 21 compounds were identified or tentatively identified, including 4 phenolic acids and 17 flavonoids. 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA) and caffeic acid were detected for the first time in A. venetum leaves; 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4-CQA), 3-CQA, caffeic acid, quercetin-3-O-(6"-O-malonyl)-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-(6"-O-malonyl)-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-(6"-O-malonyl)-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-(6"-O-acetyl)-glucoside, and kaempferol-3-O-dihexoside were detected for the first time in P. hendersonii leaves. Cluster analysis was employed to analyze 24 batches of A. venetum leaves and 5 batches of P. hendersonii leaves collected from various regions in China. The analysis, which was based on the 21 compounds, indicated that profiles of these compounds were distinct between the two species, and among A. venetum leaf samples from different origins. 18 of these 21 compounds were selected as the markers and simultaneously analyzed by HPLC-DAD for the first time. The quantitative analytical method was validated and subsequently applied to the comprehensive quality evaluation of 24 batches of A. venetum leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Zhou WJ, Song JZ, Fu WW, Tan HS, Bian ZX, Xu HX. Chemical comparison of two dosage forms of Hemp Seed Pills by UHPLC-Q-ToF-MS/MS and multivariate statistical techniques. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 84:59-68. [PMID: 23807000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hemp seed soft gel capsule (HSSGC) is a modernised dosage form that is derived from a traditional Chinese patent medicine, Hemp Seed Pills (HSP). Two dosage forms claim the same therapeutic effects; however, their chemical components and chemical equivalency are unclear. In the present study, an ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ToF-MS)-based chemical profiling approach was proposed to rapidly evaluate the chemical differences between HSP and HSSGC as model dosage forms. Samples of the two dosage forms were subjected to UHPLC-ToF-MS analysis. The datasets of retention time (TR) and mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) pairs, ion intensities and sample codes were processed with principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) to holistically compare the difference between these two dosage form samples. A clear classification trend was observed in the score plot, and a loading bi-plot was generated in which the variables are correlated with the group and the samples that were observed. The important chemical components that caused differences among the samples were explored with a Variables Importance Projection (VIP) index. Using the proposed approach, global chemical differences were found between the two dosage forms and among samples of the same dosage form. The most important components that are related to the differences were identified and most of them were attributed to Fructus Aurantii Immaturus. It is suggested that this newly established approach could be used for pre-clinical trial chemical equivalence study or the quality evaluation of the traditional medicinal products with large variations in quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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45
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Mencherini T, Campone L, Piccinelli AL, Mesa MG, Sánchez DM, Aquino RP, Rastrelli L. HPLC-PDA-MS and NMR characterization of a hydroalcoholic extract of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara peel with antiedematogenic activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:1686-1693. [PMID: 22957519 DOI: 10.1021/jf302815t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The phytochemical profile of a hydroalcoholic extract of Citrus aurantium var. amara L. peel, used as herbal medicine, was characterized by HPLC-PDA-MS. Two di-C-glycosyl flavones (vincenin II and diosmetin 6,8-di-C-glucoside), a series of flavones (luteolin 7-O-neohesperidoside, rhoifolin, and neodiosmin), and flavanone (neoeriocitrin, naringin, and neohesperidin) 7-O-neohesperidosides and two methoxyflavones (nobiletin and tangeretin), commonly present in Citrus, were identified. Furthermore, brutieridin and melitidin, two 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl flavanone glycosides, were also characterized along with rhoifolin 4'-glucoside and three coumarins (8,3'-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-2'-hydroxy-3'-methylbutyl-7-methoxycoumarin, merazin hydrate, and isomerazin). A preparative isolation procedure followed by NMR spectroscopy confirmed the proposed structures of the major flavonoids and identified the coumarins. The phenolic content was found to be 14.8 mg mL(-1), and naringin and neohesperidin were the compounds present in the highest concentration (3.6 and 2.6 mg mL(-1)). The extract of C. aurantium peel inhibited significantly (p < 0.05) both histamine- and dextran-induced edema in rats in a concentration-dependent manner (IC(50) = 119.6 and 118.3 mg kg(-1), respectively), providing evidence for the therapeutic use of C. aurantium var. amara peel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Mencherini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
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46
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Rapid resolution liquid chromatography–electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry method for identification of chemical constituents in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. Food Chem 2013; 136:604-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Zhao HY, Fan MX, Wu X, Wang HJ, Yang J, Si N, Bian BL. Chemical Profiling of the Chinese Herb Formula Xiao-Cheng-Qi Decoction Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 51:273-85. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abad-García B, Garmón-Lobato S, Berrueta LA, Gallo B, Vicente F. On line characterization of 58 phenolic compounds in Citrus fruit juices from Spanish cultivars by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection coupled to electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Talanta 2012; 99:213-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lin Z, Wang H, Xu Y, Dong J, Hashi Y, Chen S. Identification of antioxidants in Fructus aurantii and its quality evaluation using a new on-line combination of analytical techniques. Food Chem 2012; 134:1181-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 02/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zheng Y, Luan L, Chen Y, Ren Y, Wu Y. Characterization of physalins and fingerprint analysis for the quality evaluation of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii by ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 71:54-62. [PMID: 22964457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Physalins are important bioactive compounds from genus Physalis. They often occur as isomers, which makes the structural elucidation difficult. In the present study, the fragmentation behavior and UV characteristics of seven physalins from genus Physalis were firstly investigated using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) and diode array detection (DAD). Combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and DAD, the established approach to the structural identification of physalins by ESI-MS/MS was then applied to the analysis of Physalis alkekengi L. According to the UPLC retention behavior, the diagnostic UV spectra and the molecular structural information provided by MS/MS spectra, about 19 fingerprint peaks were identified, including 14 physalins and 5 other compounds. Finally, the established fingerprint method was applied to the analysis of 31 P. alkekengi L. samples collected from different locations, which reflected their similar chemical constituent properties. The proposed method provides a scientific and technical platform to the herbal industry for quality control and safety assurance of herbal preparations that contain this class of physalins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunliang Zheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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