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Shirkhodaie M, Seidi S, Shemirani F, Moghadasian S. NiFe-LDH/nylon 6 composite electrospun on polypropylene membrane: A new extractive device development for porous membrane protected micro-solid-phase extraction of organophosphate pesticides from fresh fruit juice samples coupled with liquid chromatography tandem mass analysis. Food Chem 2024; 451:139368. [PMID: 38657518 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
A unique strategy for developing porous membrane protected micro-solid phase extraction has been provided. An electrospun composite was fabricated on the sheet of membrane. To this end, NiFe-layered double hydroxide/Nylon 6 composite nanofibers were coated on a polypropylene membrane sheet followed by folding into a pocket shape, which were then utilized as a novel extractive device to extract of organophosphorus pesticides from fresh fruit juice samples prior to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. The fabricated hybrid composites were successfully characterized. The effective parameters on extraction performance were investigated. LODs were 0.020-0.065 ng mL-1. Excellent linearity (R2≥0.996) was observed between 0.05 and 100.0 ng mL-1. RSDs% were in the range of 3.1-5.8% (intra-day, n = 3) and 2.6-5.5% (inter-day, n = 3×3). Satisfactory related recovery values within the acceptable range of 90.7-111.2% with RSDs% below 6.7% were achieved for the analysis of real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Shirkhodaie
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Seidi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 16315-1618, 15418-49611 Tehran, Iran; Nanomaterial, Separation and Trace Analysis Research Lab, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 16315-1618, 15418-49611 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Shemirani
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Moghadasian
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 16315-1618, 15418-49611 Tehran, Iran; Nanomaterial, Separation and Trace Analysis Research Lab, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 16315-1618, 15418-49611 Tehran, Iran
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Shirkhodaie M, Seidi S, Shemirani F. ZIF67-derived porous carbon-reinforced electrospun nanofiber as an extractive phase for on-chip micro-solid-phase extraction of antifungals from biological fluids prior to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 191:10. [PMID: 38052979 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06103-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
With a view to improving applicability as a sorbent while overcoming the challenges associated with its powdery nature, cobalt-doped zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF 67)-derived nanoporous carbon (Co-NPC) was employed as an additive in nanofiber through the process of electrospinning. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis were used to characterize the resulting nanocomposite. A microfluidic chip device with four layers, including two layers entailing spiral channels, was designed and employed to assess the analytical performance of the fabricated Co-NPC-reinforced electrospun composite. To do so, a folded piece of electrospun composite was sandwiched between two layers with spiral channels. Therefore, both sides of the folded composite acted as a sorptive phase to extract antifungal drugs as target analytes. The significant factors affecting the efficiency of the extraction process were investigated and optimized. Subsequently, the technique was verified through the utilization of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) by employing optimal parameters. The optimal conditions were applied to evaluate the figures of merit. A linear range was obtained for antifungal drugs within the range 0.25-200.0 ng ml-1 with an R2 value of ≥ 0.9914. The method demonstrated detection limits ranging between 0.08 and 0.40 ng ml-1. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 6.9%. Relative recoveries exhibited variations between 91.4-106.8%, 95.9-103.6%, and 96.4-109.3% for ketoconazole, clotrimazole, and miconazole, respectively. The proposed approach yielded satisfactory results, demonstrating its efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Shirkhodaie
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Seidi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , K.N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 16315-1618, Tehran, Postal Code 15418-49611, Iran.
- Nanomaterial, Separation and Trace Analysis Research Lab, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 16315-1618, Tehran, Postal Code 15418-49611, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Shemirani
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran.
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JAGIRANI MS, SOYLAK M. Arsenic speciation by using emerging sample preparation techniques: a review. Turk J Chem 2023; 47:991-1006. [PMID: 38173749 PMCID: PMC10760823 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0527.3590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is a hazardous element that causes environmental pollution. Due to its toxicological effects, it is crucial to quantify and minimize the hazardous impact on the ecology. Despite the significant advances in analytical techniques, sample preparation is still crucial for determining target analytes in complex matrices. Several factors affect the direct analysis, such as trace-level analysis, advanced regulatory requirements, complexity of sample matrices, and incompatible with analytical instrumentation. Along with the development in the sample preparation process, microextraction methods play an essential role in the sample preparation process. Microextraction techniques (METs) are the newest green approach that replaces traditional sample preparation and preconcentration methods. METs have minimized the limitation of conventional sample preparation methods while keeping all their benefits. METs improve extraction efficacy, are fast, automated, use less amount of solvents, and are suitable for the environment. Microextraction techniques with less solvent consumption, such as solid phase microextraction (SPME) solvent-free methods, and liquid phase microextraction (LPME), are widely used in modern analytical procedures. SPME development focuses on synthesizing new sorbents and applying online sample preparation, whereas LPME research investigates the utilization of new solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqaf JAGIRANI
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkiye
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R.
China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R.
China
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry University of Sindh, Kayseri,
Turkiye
| | - Mustafa SOYLAK
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkiye
- Technology Research and Application Center (ERUTAUM), Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkiye
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Ankara,
Turkiye
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Bagheri N, Al Lawati HAJ, Hassanzadeh J, Al Lawati I. Novel amino-functionalized magnetic metal-organic framework/layered double hydroxide adsorbent for microfluidic solid phase extraction: Application for vitamin D 3. Talanta 2023; 256:124272. [PMID: 36709712 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide, especially with limited sun exposure and sun avoidance. Thus, reliable monitoring of vitamin D levels in food and biological samples is vital for medicinal diagnosis. Herein, a potent method for the extraction and determination of vitamin D3 is presented using a microchip-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) device followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) detection. A new magnetic adsorbent based on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) modified ZnFe layered double hydroxide (LDH)/2-aminoterephthalic acid-Zn2+ metal-organic framework (IRMOF-3) composite (IRMOF-3@MLDH) was successfully synthesized and fixed inside a rectangular micro-column (4 × 2 × 12 mm). The porous structure and high surface area of IRMOF-3@MLDH provide abundant adsorbing sites and make it a potent SPE adsorbent, with an exceptional ability to retain vitamin D3. The adsorption isotherm showed that the composite was highly efficient at extracting vitamin D3 with an extraction capacity of 126 mg g-1. The designed extraction microchip simplified the SPE process, paving the way for automated SPE systems. The developed method presented a broad linear range of 5-2000 ng mL-1, with a detection limit of 1.4 ng mL-1. In comparison to conventional silica-based adsorbents, a higher sensitivity was obtained in the determination of vitamin D3 using the IRMOF-3@MLDH adsorbent. The selectivity of the method was also satisfactory, enabling the measurement of vitamin D3 in food and blood samples with high recovery values in the range from 95.2 to 101%. Thus, the newly developed adsorbent and method offer an efficient alternative to the commonly used C18-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Bagheri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman
| | - Haider A J Al Lawati
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman.
| | - Javad Hassanzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman
| | - Iman Al Lawati
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Oman
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Selahle SK, Nqombolo A, Nomngongo PN. From polyethylene waste bottles to UIO-66 (Zr) for preconcentration of steroid hormones from river water. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6808. [PMID: 37100990 PMCID: PMC10131548 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic framework (UiO-66 (Zr) was synthesized using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and used as an adsorbent for extraction and preconcentration of steroid hormones in river water. Polyethylene waste bottles were used as the source of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ligands. The UIO-66(Zr), which the PET was made from recycled waste plastics, was used for the first time for the extraction and preconcentration of four different types of steroid hormones in river water samples. Various analytical characterization techniques were employed to characterize the synthesized material. The steroid hormones were detected and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The results were further validated using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Experimental variables, such as sample pH, the mass of adsorbent and extraction time, were optimized using Box-Behnken design (BBD). The dispersive solid phase extraction method combined with HPLC-DAD, displayed good linearity (0.004-1000 µg/L) low limits of detections (LODs, 1.1-16 ng/L for ultrapure water and 2.6-5.3 ng/L for river water) and limits of quantification (LOQs, 3.7-5.3 ng/L for ultrapure water and 8.7-11.0 ng/L for river water samples) and acceptable extraction recoveries (86-101%). The intraday (n = 10) and interday (n = 5) precisions expressed in terms of relative standard deviations (%RSD) were all less than 5%. The steroid hormones were detected in most of the river water samples (Vaal River and Rietspruit River). The DSPE/HPLC method offered a promising approach for simultaneous extraction, preconcentration and determination of steroid hormones in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Kholofelo Selahle
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Azile Nqombolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI): Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI): Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
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Sajid M, Alhooshani K. Extraction of Organochlorine Pesticides from Porous Membrane Packed Dried Fish Samples: Method Development and Greenness Evaluation. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10040233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction was utilized for extraction of organochlorine pesticides from membrane-protected dried fish samples. The dried fish samples were packed inside a porous membrane bag which was immersed in a solvent and subjected to ultrasonication. After the extraction process, the sample-containing bag was separated from the extract. Since samples were packed inside the membrane, their separation did not require centrifugation or filtration. Moreover, the complex components of the biota matrix may also retain inside the porous membrane bag, alleviating the requirement of extract cleanup before analysis. The parameters that can affect the ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction of membrane-protected dried fish samples were suitably optimized. These parameters include the extraction solvent and its volume, the sample amount, ultrasound intensity and extraction time. Under the optimum extraction conditions, good linearity was achieved for all the tested organochlorine pesticides, with the coefficients of determination (R2) higher than 0.9922 for the linear ranges from 5–1000, 10–1000 and 20–1000 ng/g. The values of intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations were ≤13.8%. The limit of detection ranged from 1.5 to 6.8 ng/g. The spiked relative recoveries were in the range of 87.3–104.2%. This method demonstrated excellent figures of merit and could find potential applications in routine analytical laboratories. Finally, the greenness of this method was evaluated using the green analytical procedure index and analytical greenness calculator metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid
- Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alhooshani
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Płotka-Wasylka J, Jatkowska N, Paszkiewicz M, Caban M, Fares MY, Dogan A, Garrigues S, Manousi N, Kalogiouri N, Nowak PM, Samanidou VF, de la Guardia M. Miniaturized Solid Phase Extraction techniques for different kind of pollutants analysis: State of the art and future perspectives – PART 1. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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8
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Jillani SMS, Tanimu A, Ibrahim A, Alhooshani K, Ganiyu SA. Development of Nickel-Impregnated Nitrogen-Doped Activated Carbon for Micro-solid-phase Extraction of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons from Wastewater. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-023-07625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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9
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Li YS, Tseng WL, Lu CY. Determination of formaldehyde in the daily living environment using membrane-enhanced water plug coupled extraction following peptide-based greener reaction derivatization. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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10
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Recent advances in solid phase extraction methods for the determination of bisphenol A and its analogues in environmental matrices: an updated review. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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11
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Hafiz Rozaini MN, Saad B, Lim JW, Yahaya N, Ramachandran MR, Kiatkittipong W, Mohamad M, Chan YJ, Goh PS, Shaharun MS. Development of β-cyclodextrin crosslinked citric acid encapsulated in polypropylene membrane protected-μ-solid-phase extraction device for enhancing the separation and preconcentration of endocrine disruptor compounds. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135075. [PMID: 35618057 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs) such as plasticisers, surfactants, pharmaceutical products, personal care products and pesticides are frequently released into the environmental waters. Therefore, a sensitive and environmentally friendly method is entailed to quantify these compounds at their trace level concentrations. This study encapsulated the β-cyclodextrin crosslinked with citric acid in a polypropylene membrane protected-μ-solid phase extraction (BCD-CA μ-SPE) device for preconcentrating the EDCs (triclosan, triclocarban, 2-phenylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenols and bisphenol A) in real water samples before the analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography. FT-IR and TGA results indicated that BCD-CA was successfully synthesised with the formation of ester linkage (1078.33 cm-1) and O-H stretching from carboxylic acid (3434.70 cm-1) with higher thermal stability as compared with native CD with the remaining weight above 72.1% at 500 °C. Several critical parameters such as the sorbent loading, type and amount of salts, extraction time, sample volume, sample pH, type and volume of desorption solvents and desorption time were sequentially optimised and statistically validated. Under the optimum condition, the use of BCD-CA μ-SPE device had manifested good linearity (0.5-500 μg L-1) with the determination of the coefficient range of 0.9807-0.9979. The p-values for the F-test and t-test (6.60 × 10-8 - 1.77 × 10-5) were lesser than 0.05 and low detection limits ranging from 0.27 to 0.84 μg L-1 for all studied EDCs. The developed technique was also successfully applied for EDC analyses in four distinct real water samples, namely, wastewater, river water, tap water and mineral water, with good EDCs recoveries (80.2%-99.9%), low relative standard deviations (0.1%-3.8%, n = 3) with enrichment factor ranging from 9 to 82 folds. These results signified the potential of the BCD-CA μ-SPE device as an efficient, sensitive, and environmentally friendly approach for analyzing EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nur' Hafiz Rozaini
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Bahruddin Saad
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
| | - Noorfatimah Yahaya
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Worapon Kiatkittipong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand.
| | - Mardawani Mohamad
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yi Jing Chan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, 43500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pei Sean Goh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Maizatul Shima Shaharun
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
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Jalili V, Ghanbari Kakavandi M, Ghiasvand A, Barkhordari A. Microextraction techniques for sampling and determination of polychlorinated biphenyls: A comprehensive review. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Hassan AA, Tanimu A, Alhooshani K. Dispersive Micro-Solid Phase Extraction of Pharmaceutical Drugs from Wastewater and Human Urine Using (Z)-Octadec-9-en-1-aminium tetrachloroferrate (III) Ionic Liquid and Analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-06034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Sajid M. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction: Evolution in design, application areas, and green aspects. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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15
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Sajid M, Sajid Jillani SM, Baig N, Alhooshani K. Layered double hydroxide-modified membranes for water treatment: Recent advances and prospects. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132140. [PMID: 34523432 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) represent an exciting class of two-dimensional inorganic materials with unique physicochemical properties. They have been widely employed in water treatment due to their high surface areas, excellent ion exchange capacities, and highly tunable structures. They have also been employed in the fabrication and development of membranes for water treatment. 2D nanostructures as well as tailorable "structure forming units", surface functionalization with desired moieties, and interlayer galleries with adjustable heights and internal compositions make them attractive materials for membrane separations. This paper critically overviews the recent advancements in the synthesis and applications of LDH based membranes in water purification. The synthesis techniques and the effect of LDH incorporation into different membrane compositions have been described. LDH-based membranes showed excellent antifouling capability and improved water flux due to enhanced hydrophilicity. Such membranes have been successfully used for the treatment of inorganics, organics from environmental water samples. This review will be useful for understanding the current state of the LDH-based membranes for water purification and defining future research dimensions. In the end, we highlight some challenges and future prospects for the efficient application of LDH-based membranes in water decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid
- Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shehzada Muhammad Sajid Jillani
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Baig
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalid Alhooshani
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Madikizela LM, Tutu H, Cukrowska E, Chimuka L. Trends in Innovations and Recent Advances in Membrane Protected Extraction Techniques for Organics in Complex Samples. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:1197-1208. [PMID: 34908490 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.2013769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Membrane protected extraction is an ongoing innovation for isolation and pre-concentration of analytes from complex samples. The extraction process, clean-up and pre-concentration of analytes occur in a single step. The inclusion of solid sorbents such as molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) after membrane extraction ensures that selective double extraction occurs in a single step. The first step involves selective extraction using the membrane and diffused analytes are trapped on the solid sorbent enclosed in the membrane. No further clean-up is required even for very dirty samples like plant extracts and wastewaters samples. Sample clean-up occurs during extraction in the first process and not as additional step since matrix components are prevented from trapping on the sorbent. This can be referred to as prevention is better than cure approach. In this work, the analytical methods that employed membrane protected extraction for various organics such as pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and pharmaceuticals are reviewed. The designs of these analytical methods, their applications, advantages and drawbacks are discussed in this review. Literature suggests that the introduction of solid sorbents in membrane creates the much-needed synergy in selectivity. Previous reviews focused on membrane combinations with MIPs while discussing micro-solid-phase extraction. The scope of this review was broadened to include other sample preparation aspects such as membrane protected stir bar solvent extraction and membrane protected solid-phase microextraction. In addition, novel sample preparation methods for solid samples which include Soxhlet membrane protected molecular imprinted solid phase extraction and membrane protected ultra sound assisted extracted are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Mzukisi Madikizela
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Hlanganani Tutu
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ewa Cukrowska
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Luke Chimuka
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Rozaini MNH, Kiatkittipong W, Saad B, Yahaya N, Shaharun MS, Sangu SS, Mohamed Saheed MS, Wong YF, Mohamad M, Sambudi NS, Lim JW. Green adsorption–desorption of mixed triclosan, triclocarban, 2-phenylphenol, bisphenol A and 4-tert-octylphenol using MXene encapsulated polypropylene membrane protected micro-solid-phase extraction device in amplifying the HPLC analysis. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Giyahban F, Amini S, Ebrahimzadeh H, Hejabri Kandeh S. Spin-column micro-solid phase extraction of phthalate esters using electrospun polyacrylonitrile/iron (III)/Mg-based metal-organic framework 88B followed by GC analysis. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Sheibani E, Hosseini A, Sobhani Nasab A, Adib K, Ganjali MR, Pourmortazavi SM, Ahmadi F, Marzi Khosrowshahi E, Mirsadeghi S, Rahimi-Nasrabadi M, Ehrlich H. Application of polysaccharide biopolymers as natural adsorbent in sample preparation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2626-2653. [PMID: 34554043 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1978385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Preparing samples for analyses is perhaps the most important part to analyses. The varied functional groups present on the surface of biopolymers bestow them appropriate adsorption properties. Properties like biocompatibility, biodegradability, presence of different surface functional group, high porosity, considerable absorption capacity for water, the potential for modification, etc. turn biopolymers to promising candidates for varied applications. In addition, one of the most important parts of determination of an analyte in a matrix is sample preparation step and the efficiency of this step in solid phase extraction methods is largely dependent on the type of adsorbent used. Due to the unique properties of biopolymers they are considered an appropriate choice for using as sorbent in sample preparation methods that use from a solid adsorbent. Many review articles have been published on the application of diverse adsorbents in sample preparation methods, however despite the numerous advantages of biopolymers mentioned; review articles in this field are very few. Thus, in this paper we review the reports in different areas of sample preparation that use polysaccharides-based biopolymers as sorbents for extraction and determination of diverse organic and inorganic analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asieh Hosseini
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sobhani Nasab
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Core Research Lab, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Kourosh Adib
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Farhad Ahmadi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
| | | | - Somayeh Mirsadeghi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahimi-Nasrabadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Ehrlich
- Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie, Freiberg, Germany.,Centre for Climate Change Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,A.R. Environmental Solutions, ICUBE-University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.,Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
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20
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A comprehensive review on microextraction techniques for sampling and analysis of fuel ether oxygenates in different matrices. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Chmangui A, Jayasinghe GDTM, Driss MR, Touil S, Bermejo-Barrera P, Bouabdallah S, Moreda-Piñeiro A. Assessment of trace levels of aflatoxins AFB1 and AFB2 in non-dairy beverages by molecularly imprinted polymer based micro solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:3433-3443. [PMID: 34259236 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00793a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A selective molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) adsorbent was synthesised and used in a batch micro-solid phase extraction format for isolating aflatoxins (AFB1, and AFB2) from non-dairy beverages before liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination. MIP synthesis (precipitation polymerization in 3 : 1 acetonitrile/toluene as a porogen) was performed with 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin (DMC), methacrylic acid (MAA) and divinylbenzene-80 (DVB) as a dummy template, functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively (1 : 4 : 20 molar ratio). 2,2'-Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was used as a polymerization initiator. The adsorbent MIP (50 mg) was enclosed in a cone-shaped polypropylene membrane (porous membrane protected molecularly imprinted micro-solid phase extraction), and parameters such as sample pH, mechanical (orbital-horizontal) shaking, the extraction time (loading stage), the composition of the eluting solution, and the desorption time were optimised. The highest extraction yields were obtained by using 5 mL of non-dairy beverages (pH adjusted at 6.0), and mechanical shaking (150 rpm) for 15 min. Elution was performed with 5 mL of an acetonitrile/formic acid (97.5 : 2.5) mixture under ultrasound (325 W, 35 kHz) for 15 min. After eluate evaporation to dryness and re-dissolution in 150 μL of the mobile phase, the pre-concentration factor of the method was 33.3, which yields limits of detection within the 0.085-0.207 μg L-1 range. In addition, the current proposal was shown to be an accurate and precise method through relative standard deviation of intraday and inter-day assays below 18% and analytical recoveries in the range of 91-104%. However, the method was found to suffer from matrix effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Chmangui
- Trace Element, Spectroscopy and Speciation Group (GETEE), Strategic Grouping in Materials (AEMAT), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias, s/n, 15782-Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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22
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23
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Bagheri N, Al Lawati HA, Al Sharji NA, Hassanzadeh J. Magnetic zinc based 2D-metal organic framework as an efficient adsorbent for simultaneous determination of fluoroquinolones using 3D printed microchip and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2021; 224:121796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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24
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An overview on the recent applications of agarose as a green biopolymer in micro-extraction-based sample preparation techniques. Talanta 2021; 224:121892. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Tanimu A, Muhammad Sajid Jillani S, Ganiyu SA, Chowdhury S, Alhooshani K. Multivariate optimization of chlorinated hydrocarbons’ micro-solid-phase extraction from wastewater using germania-decorated mesoporous alumina-silica sorbent and analysis by GC–MS. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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26
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Jajuli MN, Herzog G, Hébrant M, Poh NE, Rahim AA, Saad B, Hussin MH. Graphene and zeolite as adsorbents in bar-micro-solid phase extraction of pharmaceutical compounds of diverse polarities. RSC Adv 2021; 11:16297-16306. [PMID: 35479128 PMCID: PMC9031021 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01569a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A bar micro-solid phase (bar μ-SPE) extraction method using either graphene or zeolite or their mixtures as an adsorbent, coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (using a C1 column) was developed for the simultaneous determination of pharmaceutical compounds (metformin (MET), buformin (BUF), phenformin (PHEN) and propranolol (PROP)) of diverse polarity (log P from −1.82 to 3.10). Parameters influencing the extraction, such as conditioning solvents, pH of the sample, sample volume, amount of adsorbent, stirring rate, time of extraction, type and volume of desorption solvent and time of desorption were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the extraction method using graphene (extraction efficiency, % EE, ∼6–15%) resulted in the least amount of extracted drugs. However, the use of zeolite and zeolite/graphene mixtures improves the % EE significantly, i.e. 30% for PHEN and 42% for PROP using zeolite; 22% for MET and 18% for BUF using the adsorbent mixture. Under similar conditions, enrichment factors for these drugs range from 11–15. The validated method was performed for the determination of the drugs that were spiked to urine samples. Good recoveries ranging from 72.8 to 116% were achieved. A bar micro-solid phase (bar μ-SPE) extraction method using either graphene or zeolite or their mixtures as an adsorbent, coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography was developed for the determination of pharmaceutical compounds of diverse polarity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Maizatul Najwa Jajuli
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Mathematics
- Sultan Idris Education University
- Malaysia
- Université de Lorraine
| | | | - Marc Hébrant
- Université de Lorraine
- CNRS
- LCPME
- F-54000 Nancy
- France
| | - Ng Eng Poh
- School of Chemistry
- Universiti Sains Malaysia
- Malaysia
| | | | - Bahruddin Saad
- Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department
- Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS
- Malaysia
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27
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Naing NN, Goh EXY, Lee HK. Enhanced microextraction of endocrine disrupting chemicals adsorbed on airborne fine particulate matter with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric analysis. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1637:461828. [PMID: 33373795 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel double-microextraction approach, combining dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and vortex-assisted micro-solid-phase extraction (VA-µ-SPE) was developed. The procedure was applied to extract endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) consisting of three phthalate esters (PEs) and bisphenol A (BPA) associated with PM2.5 (airborne particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm). Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was used for determination of the analytes. These analytes were first ultrasonically desorbed from PM2.5 in a 10% acetone aqueous solution. DLLME was used to first preconcentrate the analytes; the sample solution, still in the same vial, was then subjected to VA-µ-SPE. The synergistic effects provided by the combination of the microextraction techniques provided advantages such as high enrichment factors and good cleanup performance. Various extraction parameters such as type and volume of extractant solvent (for DLLME), and type of sorbent, extraction time, desorption solvent, volume of desorption solvent and desorption time (for µ-SPE) were evaluated. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes were found to be the most suitable sorbent. This procedure achieved good precision with intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations of between 1.93 and 9.95%. Good linearity ranges (0.3-100 ng/mL and 0.5-100 ng/mL, depending on analytes), and limits of detection (LODs) of between 0.07 and 0.15 ng/mL were obtained. The method was used to determine the levels of PEs and BPA in ambient air, with concentrations ranging between below the limits of quantification and 0.48 ng/m3. DLLME-VA-µ-SPE-GC-MS/MS was demonstrated to be suitable for the determination of these EDCs present in PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyi Nyi Naing
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, T-Lab Building #02-01, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Esther Xue Yi Goh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hian Kee Lee
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, T-Lab Building #02-01, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore; Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, S2S Building, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore.
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28
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Trujillo-Rodríguez MJ, Pacheco-Fernández I, Taima-Mancera I, Díaz JHA, Pino V. Evolution and current advances in sorbent-based microextraction configurations. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1634:461670. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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29
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Tanimu A, Alhooshani K. N-sulfonyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,2,3-triazole functionalized SBA-15: A porous organic-inorganic material for trace-level phenolic compounds extraction from water samples by stir bar-supported micro-solid-phase extraction. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Abdi Hassan A, Sajid M, Al Ghafly H, Alhooshani K. Ionic liquid-based membrane-protected micro-solid-phase extraction of organochlorine pesticides in environmental water samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Naing NN, Lee HK. Microextraction and analysis of contaminants adsorbed on atmospheric fine particulate matter: A review. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1627:461433. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Colombo R, Papetti A. Pre-Concentration and Analysis of Mycotoxins in Food Samples by Capillary Electrophoresis. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153441. [PMID: 32751123 PMCID: PMC7436008 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are considered one of the most dangerous agricultural and food contaminants. They are toxic and the development of rapid and sensitive analytical methods to detect and quantify them is a very important issue in the context of food safety and animal/human health. The need to detect mycotoxins at trace levels and to simultaneously analyze many different mycotoxin types became mandatory to protect public health. In fact, European Commission regulations specified both their limits in foodstuffs and official sample preparation protocols in addition to analytical methods to verify their presence. Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) includes different separation modes, allowing many versatile applications in food analysis and safety. In the context of mycotoxins, recent advances to improve CE sensitivity, particularly pre-concentration techniques or miniaturized systems, deserve remarkable attention, as they provide an interesting approach in the analysis of such contaminants in complex food matrices. This review summarizes the applications of CE combined with different pre-concentration approaches, which have been proposed in the literature (mainly) in the last ten years. A section is also dedicated to recent microchip–CE devices since they represent the most promising CE mode for this application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adele Papetti
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382987863; Fax: +39-0382422975
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33
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Sajid M, Kabeer M, Falath W. Development of Membrane-Based Inverted Liquid-Liquid Extraction for the Simultaneous Extraction of Eight Metals in Seawater before ICP-OES Analysis. Molecules 2020; 25:E3395. [PMID: 32727030 PMCID: PMC7435372 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we developed an extraction technique that can handle simple as well as complex matrixed liquid (aqueous) samples. In the standard liquid-liquid extraction, it is quite challenging to deal with complex liquid samples as they may complicate the process of phase separation and may lead to the formation of multiple layers. To resolve this issue, we have proposed a simple but unique idea that suggests the packing of the liquid samples inside a porous membrane bag. The edges of the membrane bag can be sealed using an electrical heat-sealer. The porous membrane bag filled with the liquid sample was immersed in an extraction solvent, and the extraction process was assisted by mechanical shaking. In order to demonstrate the proof of concept, a method was developed for the extraction of metals from seawater samples. The pH-adjusted sample, along with the complexing reagent, was packed inside the porous membrane bag, and the chelated complex was then extracted by immersing and shaking the bag inside the organic solvent. The solvent was then evaporated, and the chelated complex was dissolved/digested in acid with the aid of the heat. The final extract was subjected to Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis. The proposed method was used for extraction of eight metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) from seawater samples and good extraction recoveries (75-94%) were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid
- Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.); (W.F.)
| | - Muhamed Kabeer
- Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.); (W.F.)
| | - Wail Falath
- Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.); (W.F.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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34
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Szczepańska N, Kubica P, Płotka-Wasylka J, Kudłak B, Namieśnik J. Ultrasound assisted solvent extraction of porous membrane-packed samples followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determination of BADGE, BFDGE and their derivatives in packed vegetables. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 708:135178. [PMID: 31791752 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The problem of the presence of trace organic pollutants in food is of growing importance due to increasing awareness about their impact on newborns, infants and adults of reproductive age. Despite the fact that packaged food products offer many advantages, packaging can be a source of contamination for stored food. Thus, monitoring such pollution in food is of high importance. In this work, a novel methodology based on the solvent extraction of porous membrane-packed samples followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was applied for the determination of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) and their derivatives in packed vegetables. Several parameters of the extraction process were optimized, including the volume and type of extraction solvent as well as the sonication time. Due to advantages such as simplicity of use, short analysis time, and a reduction in the required amount solvent, the developed procedure can be considered green. In addition, the developed methodology was characterized by good validation parameters. Limit if quantitation (LOQ) was found to be in the range of 0.8 to 1.5 ng/g. The obtained recoveries varied from 78.3% to 111.2%. The repeatability of the extraction ranged between 0.6% and 5.8% (RSD). The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the presence of BADGE, BFDGE and their derivative compounds in the vegetable samples stored in different types of containers. The obtained data indicate that the majority of investigated samples were contaminated by chlorinated and hydroxyl derivatives of BADGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Szczepańska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| | - Paweł Kubica
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., Gdańsk 80-233, Poland.
| | - Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| | - Błażej Kudłak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| | - Jacek Namieśnik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
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35
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Jayasinghe GTM, Domínguez-González R, Bermejo-Barrera P, Moreda-Piñeiro A. Ultrasound assisted combined molecularly imprinted polymer for the selective micro-solid phase extraction and determination of aflatoxins in fish feed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460431. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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36
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Ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction of organochlorine pesticides from porous membrane packed tea samples followed by GC–MS analysis. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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37
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Sulaiman KO, Sajid M, Alhooshani K. Application of porous membrane bag enclosed alkaline treated Y-Zeolite for removal of heavy metal ions from water. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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38
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Wei A, Muhammad T, Aihebaier S, Muhammad I, Wu B, Ge J, Ayupbek A. In-situ preparation of porous monolithic polymer inside hollow fiber as a micro-solid phase extraction device for glucocorticoids in cosmetics. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:936-945. [PMID: 31826320 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids have a certain whitening effect on the skin. However, frequent and long-term use of cosmetics including glucocorticoids is harmful to health. Herein, we proposed a novel micro-solid phase extraction method for the detection of prednisolone acetate, prednisone, and prednisolone in cosmetics coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography. In this method, porous monolithic polymer micro-extraction bars were prepared by "one-step, one-pot" in situ photopolymerization combined with sacrificial support in hollow fiber under water atmosphere. The crucial factors such as pH of sample solution, extraction, and elution times that influence micro-extraction were optimized and found to be 9.0, 2 h, and 32 min, respectively. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the linear range of the calibration curves were from 5.0 to 2000 µg/L with correlation coefficients (R2 ) between 0.9922 and 0.9996. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 1.5 µg/L and 5.0 µg/L, respectively, and the recoveries were found to be in range of 69.0-113.3%. The analysis of precision for intraday and interday were less than 10.40 and 10.59%. The device has been successfully achieved photopolymerization under water atmosphere. The results indicated that this method is simple, accurate, and satisfactory for the pretreatment and determination of glucocorticoids in complex cosmetics samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixia Wei
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Urumqi, 830046, P.R. China
| | - Turghun Muhammad
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Urumqi, 830046, P.R. China
| | - Sailemayi Aihebaier
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Urumqi, 830046, P.R. China
| | - Imran Muhammad
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Urumqi, 830046, P.R. China
| | - Beibei Wu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Urumqi, 830046, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ge
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Institute for Drug Control, Urumqi, 830011, P.R. China
| | - Amatjan Ayupbek
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Institute for Drug Control, Urumqi, 830011, P.R. China
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Aihebaier S, Muhammad T, Wei A, Mamat A, Abuduaini M, Pataer P, Yigaimu A, Yimit A. Membrane-Protected Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Microextraction of Indole-3-butyric Acid in Mung Bean Sprouts. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:16789-16793. [PMID: 31646224 PMCID: PMC6796984 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Based on the hollow fiber protected molecularly imprinted polymer, a micro-solid-phase extraction (μ-SPE) method was developed and applied for the analysis of indole-3-butyric acid in mung bean sprouts by high-performance liquid chromatography. The extraction conditions of the μ-SPE method were optimized using L9(34) orthogonal, and optimum conditions were found as follows: pH of sample solution was 2.0, chloroform was the organic solvent for embedding the μ-SPE bars, and acetonitrile was the desorption solvent. In addition, the extraction time was 80 min, desorption time was 5 min, stirring speed was 800 rpm, and concentration of NaCl was 10%. Under the optimum conditions, a standard curve was established for IBA, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999. After extraction with phosphate buffer solution (pH = 9.0), successful pretreatment of mung bean sprouts was achieved by the μ-SPE method. The limit of detection was 0.075 mg/kg, and the recoveries were found to be in the range of 88.9-106.4%. This method is simple, environmentally friendly, and can be used for the determination of indole auxin contents in green bean sprouts quickly and accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailemayi Aihebaier
- College
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemical,
Educational Ministry of China, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Turghun Muhammad
- College
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemical,
Educational Ministry of China, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Aixia Wei
- College
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemical,
Educational Ministry of China, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Anwar Mamat
- College
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemical,
Educational Ministry of China, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Munira Abuduaini
- The
Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Parezhati Pataer
- College
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemical,
Educational Ministry of China, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Aziguli Yigaimu
- College
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemical,
Educational Ministry of China, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Abliz Yimit
- College
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemical,
Educational Ministry of China, Urumqi 830046, China
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40
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Kalogiouri NP, Samanidou VF. Recent Trends in the Development of Green Microextraction Techniques for the Determination of Hazardous Organic Compounds in Wine. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411015666190328185337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background:The sample preparation is the most crucial step in the analytical method development. Taking this into account, it is easily understood why the domain of sample preparation prior to detection is rapidly developing. Following the modern trends towards the automation, miniaturization, simplification and minimization of organic solvents and sample volumes, green microextraction techniques witness rapid growth in the field of food quality and safety. In a globalized market, it is essential to face the consumers need and develop analytical methods that guarantee the quality of food products and beverages. The strive for the accurate determination of organic hazards in a famous and appreciated alcoholic beverage like wine has necessitated the development of microextraction techniques.Objective:The objective of this review is to summarize all the recent microextraction methodologies, including solid phase extraction (SPE), solid phase microextraction (SPME), liquid-phase microextraction (LPME), dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), single-drop microextraction (SDME) and dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) that were developed for the determination of hazardous organic compounds (pesticides, mycotoxins, colorants, biogenic amines, off-flavors) in wine. The analytical performance of the techniques is evaluated and their advantages and limitations are discussed.Conclusion:An extensive investigation of these techniques remains vital through the development of novel strategies and the implication of new materials that could upgrade the selectivity for the extraction of target analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa P. Kalogiouri
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR 54124, Greece
| | - Victoria F. Samanidou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR 54124, Greece
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Zhang Q, Nong Y, Liu Z, Gong L. Proteinase K Combining Two-Step Liquid–Liquid Extraction for Plasma Untargeted Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics To Discover the Potential Mechanism of Colorectal Adenoma. Anal Chem 2019; 91:14458-14466. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qisong Zhang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanying Nong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingzhi Gong
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
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Fan Y, Liu W, Xu F, Huang Y, Zhang N, Li K, Hu H, Zhang H. Comparative flavor analysis of eight varieties of Xinjiang flatbreads from the Xinjiang Region of China. Cereal Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Fan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Processing Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Processing Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
- Hefei CAAS Hongzhi Nutrition and Health Co. Ltd. Academy of Food and Nutrition Health Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hefei China
- College of Staple Food Technology Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin China
| | - Fen Xu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Processing Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Yanjie Huang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Processing Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Processing Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
- Hefei CAAS Hongzhi Nutrition and Health Co. Ltd. Academy of Food and Nutrition Health Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hefei China
- College of Staple Food Technology Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin China
| | - Kang Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Processing Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Honghai Hu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Processing Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
- Hefei CAAS Hongzhi Nutrition and Health Co. Ltd. Academy of Food and Nutrition Health Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hefei China
- College of Staple Food Technology Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Processing Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China
- Hefei CAAS Hongzhi Nutrition and Health Co. Ltd. Academy of Food and Nutrition Health Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hefei China
- College of Staple Food Technology Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin China
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Xia L, Du Y, Xiao X, Li G. One-step membrane protected micro-solid-phase extraction and derivatization coupling to high-performance liquid chromatography for selective determination of aliphatic aldehydes in cosmetics and food. Talanta 2019; 202:580-590. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Alhooshani K. Determination of chlorinated hydrocarbons in milk samples using sol-gel based polymer coated silica sorbent for stir-bar supported micro-solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography mass-spectrometry. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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45
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Moreda-Piñeiro J, Moreda-Piñeiro A. Combined assisted extraction techniques as green sample pre-treatments in food analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Musarurwa H, Chimuka L, Tavengwa NT. Green pre-concentration techniques during pesticide analysis in food samples. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2019; 54:770-780. [PMID: 31250698 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2019.1633213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing demand for determining pesticides at low concentration levels in different food matrices requires a preliminary step of pre-concentration which is considered a crucial stage. Recently, the parameter of "greenness" during sample pre-concentration of pesticides in food matrices is as important as selectivity in order to avoid using harmful organic solvents during sample preparation. Developing new green pre-concentration techniques is one of the key subjects. Thus, to reduce the impact on the environment during trace analysis of pesticides in food matrices, new developments in pre-concentration have gone in three separate directions: the search for more environmentally friendly solvents, miniaturization and development of solvent-free pre-concentration techniques. Eco-friendly solvents such as supercritical fluids, ionic liquids and natural deep eutectic solvents have been developed for use as extraction solvents during pre-concentration of pesticides in food matrices. Also, miniaturized pre-concentration techniques such as QuEChERS, dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction and hollow-fiber liquid-phase micro-extraction have been used during trace analysis of pesticides in food samples as well as solvent-free techniques such as solid-phase micro-extraction and stir bar sorptive extraction. All these developments which are aimed at ensuring that pesticide pre-concentration in different food matrices is green are critically reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Musarurwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Venda , Thohoyandou , South Africa
| | - Luke Chimuka
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa
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High performance liquid chromatographic determination of triclosan, triclocarban and methyl-triclosan in wastewater using mini-bar micro-solid phase extraction. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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New Stable Isotope Labeling Strategy in Quaternary Ammonium–Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Analysis of Perfluorocarboxylic Acid in Cod Liver Oil. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01516-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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49
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UiO-66(Zr) as sorbent for porous membrane protected micro-solid-phase extraction androgens and progestogens in environmental water samples coupled with LC-MS/MS analysis: The application of experimental and molecular simulation method. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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50
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Determination of N-nitrosamines in water resources using Al-AC sorbent for stir-bar supported micro-solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography mass-spectrometry. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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