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Silva LRG, Stefano J, Kalinke C, Crapnell RD, Brazaca LC, Marcolino-Junior LH, Bergamini MF, Banks CE, Janegitz BC. Dual-Target Additively Manufactured Electrochemical Sensor for the Multiplexed Detection of Protein A29 and DNA of Human Monkeypox Virus. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:33099-33110. [PMID: 39100359 PMCID: PMC11292847 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present the first 3D-printed electrochemical portable biodevice for the detection of monkeypox virus (MKPV). The electrochemical device consists of two biosensors: an immunosensor and a genosensor specifically designed for the detection of the protein A29 and a target DNA of MKPV, respectively. The electrodes were manufactured using lab-made ultraflexible conductive filaments composed of carbon black, recycled PLA from coffee pods, and castor oil as a plasticizer. The sensors created through 3D printing technology exhibited good reproducibility and repeatability of analytical responses. Furthermore, both the immunosensor and genosensor demonstrated excellent MKPV detection capabilities, with a linear range from 0.01 to 1.0 μmol L-1 for the antigen and 0.1 to 20.0 μmol L-1 for the DNA target. The biosensors achieved limits of detection of 2.7 and 29 nmol L-1 for the immunosensor and genosensor, respectively. Interference tests conducted with the biosensors demonstrated their selectivity for MKPV. Moreover, analyses of fortified human serum samples showed recoveries close to 100%, confirming the absence of significant matrix effects for MKPV analysis. Therefore, the 3D-printed multiplex device represents a viable and highly promising alternative for on-site, portable, and rapid point-of-care MKPV monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Ricardo G. Silva
- Laboratory
of Sensors, Nanomedicine and Nanostructured Materials, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, Brazil
| | - Jéssica
S. Stefano
- Laboratory
of Sensors, Nanomedicine and Nanostructured Materials, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Kalinke
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), São Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Robert D. Crapnell
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan
University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Laís C. Brazaca
- São
Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University
of São Paulo, São
Carlos, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Luiz H. Marcolino-Junior
- Chemistry
Department, Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Marcio F. Bergamini
- Chemistry
Department, Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan
University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno C. Janegitz
- Laboratory
of Sensors, Nanomedicine and Nanostructured Materials, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, Brazil
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2
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Shen Q, Qian L, Chen Y, Bao Y, Wang J, Wang X, Liu Y, Yang S, Ji L, Shan T, Li H, Zhang W. Development of a label-free photoelectrochemical immunosensor for novel astrovirus detection. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:422. [PMID: 38922459 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06514-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Since 2017, an infectious goose gout disease characterized by urate precipitation in viscera, mainly caused by novel goose astrovirus (GoAstV) infection, has emerged in the main goose-producing region of China. The current challenge in managing goose gout disease is largely due to the absence of a rapid and efficient detection method for the GoAstV pathogen. Notably, the potential application of immunosensors in detecting GoAstV has not yet been explored. Herein, a label-free PEC immunosensor was fabricated by using purchased TiO2 as the photoactive material and antibody against GoAstV P2 proteins as the specific recognition element. First, we successfully expressed the capsid spike domain P2 protein of ORF2 from GoAstV CHSH01 by using the pET prokaryotic expression system. Meanwhile, the polyclonal antibody against GoAstV capsid P2 protein was produced by purified protein. To our knowledge, this is the first establishment and preliminary application of the label-free photoelectrochemical immunosensor method in the detection of AstV. The PEC immunosensor had a linear range of 1.83 fg mL-1 to 3.02 ng mL-1, and the limit of detection (LOD) was as low as 0.61 fg mL-1. This immunosensor exhibited high sensitivity, great specificity, and good stability in detecting GoAstV P2 proteins. To evaluate the practical application of the immunosensor in real-world sample detection, allantoic fluid from goose embryos was collected as test samples. The results indicated that of the eight positive samples, one false negative result was detected, while both negative samples were accurately detected, suggesting that the constructed PEC immunosensor had good applicability and practical application value, providing a platform for the qualitative detection of GoAstV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Shen
- Institute of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Lingling Qian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yingying Bao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jiangqiang Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Jintan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, 213299, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Shixing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Likai Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Tongling Shan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Henan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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3
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Araújo EV, Carneiro SV, Neto DMA, Freire TM, Costa VM, Freire RM, Fechine LMUD, Clemente CS, Denardin JC, Dos Santos JCS, Santos-Oliveira R, Rocha JS, Fechine PBA. Advances in surface design and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 328:103166. [PMID: 38728773 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant efforts by scientists in the development of advanced nanotechnology materials for smart diagnosis devices and drug delivery systems, the success of clinical trials remains largely elusive. In order to address this biomedical challenge, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have gained attention as a promising candidate due to their theranostic properties, which allow the simultaneous treatment and diagnosis of a disease. Moreover, MNPs have advantageous characteristics such as a larger surface area, high surface-to-volume ratio, enhanced mobility, mass transference and, more notably, easy manipulation under external magnetic fields. Besides, certain magnetic particle types based on the magnetite (Fe3O4) phase have already been FDA-approved, demonstrating biocompatible and low toxicity. Typically, surface modification and/or functional group conjugation are required to prevent oxidation and particle aggregation. A wide range of inorganic and organic molecules have been utilized to coat the surface of MNPs, including surfactants, antibodies, synthetic and natural polymers, silica, metals, and various other substances. Furthermore, various strategies have been developed for the synthesis and surface functionalization of MNPs to enhance their colloidal stability, biocompatibility, good response to an external magnetic field, etc. Both uncoated MNPs and those coated with inorganic and organic compounds exhibit versatility, making them suitable for a range of applications such as drug delivery systems (DDS), magnetic hyperthermia, fluorescent biological labels, biodetection and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thus, this review provides an update of recently published MNPs works, providing a current discussion regarding their strategies of synthesis and surface modifications, biomedical applications, and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Araújo
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - S V Carneiro
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - D M A Neto
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - T M Freire
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - V M Costa
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - R M Freire
- Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8330601, Chile.
| | - L M U D Fechine
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - C S Clemente
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60440-900, Brazil.
| | - J C Denardin
- Physics Department and CEDENNA, University of Santiago of Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170124, Chile.
| | - J C S Dos Santos
- Engineering and Sustainable Development Institute, International Afro-Brazilian Lusophone Integration University, Campus das Auroras, Redenção 62790970, CE, Brazil; Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, Fortaleza 60455760, CE, Brazil.
| | - R Santos-Oliveira
- Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, R. Helio de Almeida, 75, Rio de Janeiro 21941906, RJ, Brazil; Zona Oeste State University, Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy, Av Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga, 1203, Campo Grande 23070200, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Janaina S Rocha
- Industrial Technology and Quality Center of Ceará, R. Prof. Rômulo Proença, s/n - Pici, 60440-552 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - P B A Fechine
- Advanced Chemistry Materials Group (GQMat)- Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Federal Unversity of Ceará, - UFC, Campus do Pici, CP 12100, 60451-970 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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4
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Thalir S, Celshia Susai S, Selvamani M, Suresh V, Sethuraman S, Ramalingam K. Sensing of Quercetin With Cobalt-Doped Manganese Nanosystems by Electrochemical Method. Cureus 2024; 16:e56665. [PMID: 38646311 PMCID: PMC11032413 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pressing need for precise, quick, and affordable detection of diverse biomolecules has led to notable developments in the realm of biosensors. Quercetin, a biomolecule rich in flavonoids predominantly found in our diet, is sensed by the electrochemical method. The electrochemical properties show remarkable improvement when Mn2O3 (MO) is doped with cobalt (Co). Aim: This study aimed to investigate the biomolecule sensing of quercetin using Co-doped MO by electrochemical method. Materials and methods: Co-doped MO nanospheres were prepared by hydrothermal method. The crystal structure of the synthesized material was evaluated by using X-ray diffraction analysis. The sample morphology was assessed by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques. The cyclic voltammetry technique was used for the detection of quercetin biomolecules. Results: The synthesized Co-doped MO appeared to be spherical in morphology in FE-SEM. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed the only presence of Co, Mn, and O, which confirmed the purity of the sample. The modified electrode sensed the biomolecule with a higher current of 7.35 µA than the bare glassy carbon electrode of 6.1 µA. CONCLUSION The Co-doped MO exhibited enhanced conductivity, reactivity, and electrochemical performance. This tailored approach will help in the optimization of material properties toward specific biomolecule sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sree Thalir
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sherin Celshia Susai
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Muthamizh Selvamani
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vasugi Suresh
- Medical Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sathya Sethuraman
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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5
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Nazari-Vanani R, Negahdary M. Recent advances in electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors for the detection of pathogens. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117850. [PMID: 38081349 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, pathogenic microorganisms have caused significant mortality rates and antibiotic resistance and triggered exorbitant healthcare costs. These pathogens often have high transmission rates within human populations. Rapid diagnosis is crucial in controlling and reducing the spread of pathogenic infections. The diagnostic methods currently used against individuals infected with these pathogens include relying on outward symptoms, immunological-based and, some biomolecular ones, which mainly have limitations such as diagnostic errors, time-consuming processes, and high-cost platforms. Electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors have emerged as promising diagnostic tools for rapid, accurate, and cost-effective pathogen detection. These bio-electrochemical platforms have been optimized for diagnostic purposes by incorporating advanced materials (mainly nanomaterials), biomolecular technologies, and innovative designs. This review classifies electrochemical aptasensors and genosensors developed between 2021 and 2023 based on their use of different nanomaterials, such as gold-based, carbon-based, and others that employed other innovative assemblies without the use of nanomaterials. Inspecting the diagnostic features of various sensing platforms against pathogenic analytes can identify research gaps and open new avenues for exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Nazari-Vanani
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Negahdary
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
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6
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Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Innovation and Patenting Activities During COVID-19 and Advancement of Biochemical and Molecular Diagnosis in the Post- COVID-19 Era. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2024; 18:210-226. [PMID: 37779409 DOI: 10.2174/0118722083262217230921042127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is to escalate globally and acquire new mutations quickly, so accurate diagnostic technologies play a vital role in controlling and understanding the epidemiology of the disease. A plethora of technologies acquires diagnosis of individuals and informs clinical management of COVID. Some important biochemical parameters for COVID diagnosis are the elevation of liver enzymes, creatinine, and nonspecific inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6). The main progression predictors are lymphopenia, elevated D-dimer, and hyperferritinemia, although it is also necessary to consider LDH, CPK, and troponin in the marker panel of diagnosis. Owing to the greater sensitivity and accuracy, molecular technologies such as conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, nested PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and xMAP technology have been extensively used for COVID diagnosis for some time now. To make so many diagnostics accessible to general people, many techniques may be exploited, including point of care (POC), also called bedside testing, which is developing as a portable promising tool in pathogen identification. Some other lateral flow assay (LFA)-centered techniques like SHERLOCK, CRISPR-Cas12a (AIOD-CRISPR), and FNCAS9 editor limited uniform detection assay (FELUDA), etc. have shown auspicious results in the rapid detection of pathogens. More recently, low-cost sequencing and advancements in big data management have resulted in a slow but steady rise of next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based approaches for diagnosis that have potential relevance for clinical purposes and may pave the way toward a better future. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, various institutions provided free, specialized websites and tools to promote research and access to critically needed advanced solutions by alleviating research and analysis of data within a substantial body of scientific and patent literature regarding biochemical and molecular diagnosis published since January 2020. This circumstance is unquestionably unique and difficult for anyone using patent information to find pertinent disclosures at a specific date in a trustworthy manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Ray
- Independent Researcher, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462020, India
| | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462020, India
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7
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Di Matteo P, Petrucci R, Curulli A. Not Only Graphene Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials: Recent Trends in Electrochemical (Bio)sensing Area for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications. Molecules 2023; 29:172. [PMID: 38202755 PMCID: PMC10780376 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials (e.g., graphene) have attracted growing attention in the (bio)sensing area and, in particular, for biomedical applications because of their unique mechanical and physicochemical properties, such as their high thermal and electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, and large surface area. Graphene (G) and its derivatives represent the most common 2D nanomaterials applied to electrochemical (bio)sensors for healthcare applications. This review will pay particular attention to other 2D nanomaterials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and MXenes, applied to the electrochemical biomedical (bio)sensing area, considering the literature of the last five years (2018-2022). An overview of 2D nanostructures focusing on the synthetic approach, the integration with electrodic materials, including other nanomaterials, and with different biorecognition elements such as antibodies, nucleic acids, enzymes, and aptamers, will be provided. Next, significant examples of applications in the clinical field will be reported and discussed together with the role of nanomaterials, the type of (bio)sensor, and the adopted electrochemical technique. Finally, challenges related to future developments of these nanomaterials to design portable sensing systems will be shortly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Di Matteo
- Dipartimento Scienze di Base e Applicate per l’Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.D.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Rita Petrucci
- Dipartimento Scienze di Base e Applicate per l’Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.D.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Antonella Curulli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN), 00161 Rome, Italy
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8
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Wang Y, Wang W, Lu X, Chen T, Wang Y, Wen Y, Hu J, Song J, Wang X. Novel RNA genosensor based on highly stable gold nanoparticles decorated phosphorene nanohybrid with graphene for highly sensitive and low-cost electrochemical detection of coconut cadang-cadang viroid. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 191:52. [PMID: 38147136 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06130-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Coconut cadang-cadang viroid (CCCVd) is an infectious single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) pathogen, which leads directly to the death of a large number of coconut palm trees and heavy economic loss to coconut farmers. Herein, a novel electrochemical impedance RNA genosensor is presented based on highly stable gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) decorated phosphorene (BP) nanohybrid with graphene (Gr) for highly sensitive, low-cost, and label-free detection of CCCVd. BP-AuNPs are environmentally friendly prepared by ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation of black phosphorus, accompanying direct reduction of chloroauric acid. Gr/BP-AuNPs are facilely prepared by the in situ growth of AuNPs onto the BP surface and its nanohybrid with Gr to improve environmental stability of BP. Gr/BP-AuNP-based RNA genosensor is fabricated by immobilizing the thiol-functionalized single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) oligonucleotide probe onto the surface of Gr/BP-AuNP-modified glassy carbon electrode via gold-thiol interactions, which served as an electrochemical genosensing platform for the label-free impedance detection of CCCVd by hybridization between the functionalized ssDNA probe and the complementary CCCVd ssRNA sequence in a wide linear range from 1.0 × 10-11 to 1.0 × 10-7 M with a low limit of detection of 2.8 × 10-12 M. This work supplies an experimental support and theoretical direction for the fabrication of RNA biosensors based on graphene-like materials and potential application for a specific diagnosis of plant RNA viral disease in Arecaceae planting industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Lu
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Chen
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihua Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yangping Wen
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
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9
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He X, Wang S, Ma C, Xu GR, Ma J, Xie H, Zhu W, Liu H, Wang L, Wang Y. Utilizing Electrochemical Biosensors as an Innovative Platform for the Rapid and On-Site Detection of Animal Viruses. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3141. [PMID: 37835747 PMCID: PMC10571726 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal viruses are a significant threat to animal health and are easily spread across the globe with the rise of globalization. The limitations in diagnosing and treating animal virus infections have made the transmission of diseases and animal deaths unpredictable. Therefore, early diagnosis of animal virus infections is crucial to prevent the spread of diseases and reduce economic losses. To address the need for rapid diagnosis, electrochemical sensors have emerged as promising tools. Electrochemical methods present numerous benefits, including heightened sensitivity and selectivity, affordability, ease of use, portability, and rapid analysis, making them suitable for real-time virus detection. This paper focuses on the construction of electrochemical biosensors, as well as promising biosensor models, and expounds its advantages in virus detection, which is a promising research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun He
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Shan Wang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Caoyuan Ma
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Guang-Ri Xu
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jinyou Ma
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Hongbing Xie
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhu
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Shuangliao Animal Disease Control Center, Siping 136400, China;
| | - Lei Wang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (X.H.); (S.W.); (C.M.); (G.-R.X.); (J.M.); (H.X.); (W.Z.)
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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10
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Lee D, Jang J, Jang J. Sensitive and highly rapid electrochemical measurement of airborne coronaviruses through condensation-based direct impaction onto carbon nanotube-coated porous paper working electrodes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131972. [PMID: 37399725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Rapid detection of indoor airborne viruses is critical to prevent the spread of respiratory diseases. Herein, we present sensitive, highly rapid electrochemical measurement of airborne coronaviruses through condensation-based direct impaction onto antibody-immobilized, carbon nanotube-coated porous paper working electrodes (PWEs). Carboxylated carbon nanotubes are drop-cast on paper fibers to make three-dimensional (3D) porous PWEs. These PWEs have higher active surface area-to-volume ratios and electron transfer characteristics than conventional screen-printed electrodes. The limit of detection and detection time of the PWEs for liquid-borne coronaviruses OC43 are 65.7 plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL and 2 min, respectively. The PWEs showed sensitive and rapid detection of whole coronaviruses, which can be ascribed to the 3D porous electrode structure of the PWEs. Moreover, water molecules condense on airborne virus particles during air sampling, and these water-encapsulated virus particles (<4 µm) are impacted on the PWE for direct measurement without virus lysis and elution. The whole detection takes ∼10 min, including air sampling, at virus concentrations of 1.8 and 11.5 PFU/L of air, which can be due to the highly enriching and minimally damaging virus capture on a soft and porous PWE, demonstrating the potential for the rapid and low-cost airborne virus monitoring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daesoon Lee
- Sensors and Aerosols Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Junbeom Jang
- Sensors and Aerosols Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Jang
- Sensors and Aerosols Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Ma T, Huang K, Cheng N. Recent Advances in Nanozyme-Mediated Strategies for Pathogen Detection and Control. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13342. [PMID: 37686145 PMCID: PMC10487713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogen detection and control have long presented formidable challenges in the domains of medicine and public health. This review paper underscores the potential of nanozymes as emerging bio-mimetic enzymes that hold promise in effectively tackling these challenges. The key features and advantages of nanozymes are introduced, encompassing their comparable catalytic activity to natural enzymes, enhanced stability and reliability, cost effectiveness, and straightforward preparation methods. Subsequently, the paper delves into the detailed utilization of nanozymes for pathogen detection. This includes their application as biosensors, facilitating rapid and sensitive identification of diverse pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and plasmodium. Furthermore, the paper explores strategies employing nanozymes for pathogen control, such as the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), HOBr/Cl regulation, and clearance of extracellular DNA to impede pathogen growth and transmission. The review underscores the vast potential of nanozymes in pathogen detection and control through numerous specific examples and case studies. The authors highlight the efficiency, rapidity, and specificity of pathogen detection achieved with nanozymes, employing various strategies. They also demonstrate the feasibility of nanozymes in hindering pathogen growth and transmission. These innovative approaches employing nanozymes are projected to provide novel options for early disease diagnoses, treatment, and prevention. Through a comprehensive discourse on the characteristics and advantages of nanozymes, as well as diverse application approaches, this paper serves as a crucial reference and guide for further research and development in nanozyme technology. The expectation is that such advancements will significantly contribute to enhancing disease control measures and improving public health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Ma
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.M.); (K.H.)
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.M.); (K.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.M.); (K.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
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12
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Braz BA, Hospinal-Santiani M, Martins G, Beirão BCB, Bergamini MF, Marcolino-Junior LH, Soccol CR, Thomaz-Soccol V. Disposable electrochemical platform based on solid-binding peptides and carbon nanomaterials: an alternative device for leishmaniasis detection. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:321. [PMID: 37491620 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05891-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases are those caused by infectious agents or parasites and are considered endemic in low-income populations. These diseases also have unacceptable indicators and low investment in research, drug production, and control. Tropical diseases such as leishmaniasis are some of the main causes of morbidity and mortality around the globe. Electrochemical immunosensors are promising tools for diagnostics against these diseases. One such benefit is the possibility of assisting diagnosis in isolated regions, where laboratory infrastructure is lacking. In this work, different peptides were investigated to detect antibodies against Leishmania in human and canine serum samples. The peptides evaluated (395-KKG and 395-G) have the same recognition site but differ on their solid-binding domains, which ensure affinity to spontaneously bind to either graphene oxide (GO) or graphene quantum dots (GQD). Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were employed to investigate the electrochemical behavior of each assembly step and the role of each solid-binding domain coupled to its anchoring material. The graphene affinity peptide (395-G) showed better reproducibility and selectivity when coupled to GQD. Under the optimized set of experimental conditions, negative and positive human serum samples responses were distinguished based on a cut-off value of 82.5% at a 95% confidence level. The immunosensor showed selective behavior to antibodies against Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which are similar antibodies and potentially sources of false positive tests. Therefore, the use of the graphene affinity peptide as a recognition site achieved outstanding performance for the detection of Leishmania antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz A Braz
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, CP 19032, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Manuel Hospinal-Santiani
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Martins
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, CP 19032, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Breno C B Beirão
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Parasitology, and Pathology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Márcio F Bergamini
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, CP 19032, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Luiz H Marcolino-Junior
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, CP 19032, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Carlos R Soccol
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Vanete Thomaz-Soccol
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
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13
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Ataide VN, Pradela-Filho LA, Ameku WA, Negahdary M, Oliveira TG, Santos BG, Paixão TRLC, Angnes L. Paper-based electrochemical biosensors for the diagnosis of viral diseases. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:276. [PMID: 37368054 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05856-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based electrochemical analytical devices (ePADs) have gained significant interest as promising analytical units in recent years because they can be fabricated in simple ways, are low-cost, portable, and disposable platforms that can be applied in various fields. In this sense, paper-based electrochemical biosensors are attractive analytical devices since they can promote diagnose several diseases and potentially allow decentralized analysis. Electrochemical biosensors are versatile, as the measured signal can be improved by using mainly molecular technologies and nanomaterials to attach biomolecules, resulting in an increase in their sensitivity and selectivity. Additionally, they can be implemented in microfluidic devices that drive and control the flow without external pumping and store reagents, and improve the mass transport of analytes, increasing sensor sensitivity. In this review, we focus on the recent developments in electrochemical paper-based devices for viruses' detection, including COVID-19, Dengue, Zika, Hepatitis, Ebola, AIDS, and Influenza, among others, which have caused impacts on people's health, especially in places with scarce resources. Also, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the main electrode's fabrication methods, device designs, and biomolecule immobilization strategies. Finally, the perspectives and challenges that need to be overcome to further advance paper-based electrochemical biosensors' applications are critically presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa N Ataide
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Lauro A Pradela-Filho
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson A Ameku
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Masoud Negahdary
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thawan G Oliveira
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Berlane G Santos
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago R L C Paixão
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lúcio Angnes
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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14
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Santos A, Macedo de Souza Brandão AP, Hryniewicz BM, Abreu H, Bach-Toledo L, Schuster da Silva S, Deller AE, Rogerio VZ, Baêta Rodrigues DS, Hiraiwa PM, Guimarães BG, Marchesi LF, Carvalho de Oliveira J, Gradia DF, Soares FLF, Zanchin NIT, Camargo de Oliveira C, Vidotti M. COVID-19 impedimetric biosensor based on polypyrrole nanotubes, nickel hydroxide and VHH antibody fragment: specific, sensitive, and rapid viral detection in saliva samples. MATERIALS TODAY. CHEMISTRY 2023; 30:101597. [PMID: 37284350 PMCID: PMC10236006 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2023.101597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 rapid spread required urgent, accurate, and prompt diagnosis to control the virus dissemination and pandemic management. Several sensors were developed using different biorecognition elements to obtain high specificity and sensitivity. However, the task to achieve these parameters in combination with fast detection, simplicity, and portability to identify the biorecognition element even in low concentration remains a challenge. Therefore, we developed an electrochemical biosensor based on polypyrrole nanotubes coupled via Ni(OH)2 ligation to an engineered antigen-binding fragment of heavy chain-only antibodies (VHH) termed Sb#15. Herein we report Sb#15-His6 expression, purification, and characterization of its interaction with the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 in addition to the construction and validation of a biosensor. The recombinant Sb#15 is correctly folded and interacts with the RBD with a dissociation constant (KD) of 27.1 ± 6.4 nmol/L. The biosensing platform was developed using polypyrrole nanotubes and Ni(OH)2, which can properly orientate the immobilization of Sb#15-His6 at the electrode surface through His-tag interaction for the sensitive SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection. The quantification limit was determined as 0.01 pg/mL using recombinant RBD, which was expressively lower than commercial monoclonal antibodies. In pre-characterized saliva, both Omicron and Delta SARS-CoV-2 were accurately detected only in positive samples, meeting all the requirements recommended by the World Health Organization for in vitro diagnostics. A low sample volume of saliva is needed to perform the detection, providing results within 15 min without further sample preparations. In summary, a new perspective allying recombinant VHHs with biosensor development and real sample detection was explored, addressing the need for accurate, rapid, and sensitive biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Santos
- Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells, Cell Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences - Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - A P Macedo de Souza Brandão
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, 81350-010, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - B M Hryniewicz
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Macromoléculas e Interfaces, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - H Abreu
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Oncogenetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81531-980, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - L Bach-Toledo
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Macromoléculas e Interfaces, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia da Informação Renato Archer (CTI), Rod. D. Pedro I, KM143.6, 13069-901, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - S Schuster da Silva
- Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells, Cell Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences - Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - A E Deller
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Macromoléculas e Interfaces, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - V Z Rogerio
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, 81350-010, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - D S Baêta Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, 81350-010, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - P M Hiraiwa
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, 81350-010, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - B G Guimarães
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, 81350-010, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - L F Marchesi
- Grupo de Estudos em Espectroscopia de Impedância Eletroquímica (GEIS), Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná, Rua Dr. Washington Subtil Chueire, 330 - Jd. Carvalho, CEP 84017-220, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - J Carvalho de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Oncogenetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81531-980, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - D F Gradia
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics and Oncogenetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81531-980, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - F L F Soares
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Macromoléculas e Interfaces, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - N I T Zanchin
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, 81350-010, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - C Camargo de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells, Cell Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences - Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - M Vidotti
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Macromoléculas e Interfaces, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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15
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Malla P, Liu CH, Wu WC, Kabinsing P, Sreearunothai P. Synthesis and characterization of Au-decorated graphene oxide nanocomposite for magneto-electrochemical detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid gene. Talanta 2023; 262:124701. [PMID: 37235956 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Fast and effective diagnosis is the first step in monitoring the current coronavirus 2 (CoV-2) pandemic. Herein, we establish a simple and sensitive electrochemical assay using magnetic nanocomposite and DNA sandwich probes to rapidly quantify the CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) gene down to the 0.37 fM level. This assay uses a pair of specific DNA probes. The capture probe is covalently conjugated to Au-decorated magnetic reduced graphene oxide (AMrGO) nanocomposite for efficiently capturing target RNA. In contrast, the detection probe is linked to peroxidase for signal amplification. The probes target the COV-2 gene, allowing for specific magnetic separation, enzymatic signal amplification, and subsequent generation of voltammetric current with a total assay time of 45 min. The developed biosensor has high selectivity and can discriminate non-specific gene sequences. Synthetic COV-2 N-gene can be detected efficiently in serum and saliva, while 1-bp mismatch gene yielded a low response. The performance of the genosensor was good in an extensive linear range of 5 aM-50 pM. For synthetic N-gene, we achieved the detection limit of 0.37, 0.33, and 0.19 fM in human saliva, urine, and serum. This simple, selective, and sensitive genosensor could have various genetics-based biosensing and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravanjan Malla
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa First Road, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsien Liu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa First Road, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261, Wen-Hwa First Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa First Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pinpinut Kabinsing
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa First Road, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Paiboon Sreearunothai
- Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
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16
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Braz BA, Hospinal-Santiani M, Martins G, Gogola JL, Valenga MGP, Beirão BCB, Bergamini MF, Marcolino-Junior LH, Thomaz-Soccol V, Soccol CR. Gold-binding peptide as a selective layer for electrochemical detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Talanta 2023; 257:124348. [PMID: 36801564 PMCID: PMC9918321 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical immunosensors are excellent alternatives to prepare portable platforms used for rapid and inexpensive diagnostic of infectious diseases such as the recently emerged COVID-19. Incorporating synthetic peptides as selective recognition layers combined with nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can significantly enhance the analytical performance of immunosensors. In the present study, an electrochemical immunosensor based on solid-binding peptide was built and evaluated towards SARS-CoV-2 Anti-S antibodies detection. The peptide used as recognition site has two important portions: one based on the viral receptor binding domain (RBD), capable of recognizing antibodies of the spike protein (Anti-S), and another suitable for interacting with gold nanoparticles. Gold-binding peptide (Pept/AuNP) dispersion was used directly to modify a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPE). The voltammetric behavior of the [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- probe after every construction and detection step was recorded using cyclic voltammetry by assessing the stability of the Pept/AuNP as a recognition layer onto the electrode surface. Differential pulse voltammetry was used as a detection technique, and a linear working range from 75 ng mL-1 to 15 μg mL-1 was established, with 1.059 μA dec-1 of sensitivity and R2 = 0.984. The response selectivity against SARS-CoV-2 Anti-S antibodies was investigated in presence of concomitant species. The immunosensor was used to detect SARS-CoV-2 Anti-spike protein (Anti-S) antibodies in human serum samples, successfully differentiating between negative and positive responses of samples at a 95% confidence level. Therefore, the gold-binding peptide is a promising tool to be applied as a selective layer for antibody detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz A Braz
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP 19032, CEP, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Manuel Hospinal-Santiani
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Martins
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP 19032, CEP, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jeferson L Gogola
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP 19032, CEP, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcia G P Valenga
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP 19032, CEP, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Breno C B Beirão
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Parasitology, and Pathology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Márcio F Bergamini
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP 19032, CEP, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Luiz H Marcolino-Junior
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP 19032, CEP, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Vanete Thomaz-Soccol
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Soccol
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP, 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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17
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Curulli A. Functional Nanomaterials Enhancing Electrochemical Biosensors as Smart Tools for Detecting Infectious Viral Diseases. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093777. [PMID: 37175186 PMCID: PMC10180161 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors are known as analytical tools, guaranteeing rapid and on-site results in medical diagnostics, food safety, environmental protection, and life sciences research. Current research focuses on developing sensors for specific targets and addresses challenges to be solved before their commercialization. These challenges typically include the lowering of the limit of detection, the widening of the linear concentration range, the analysis of real samples in a real environment and the comparison with a standard validation method. Nowadays, functional nanomaterials are designed and applied in electrochemical biosensing to support all these challenges. This review will address the integration of functional nanomaterials in the development of electrochemical biosensors for the rapid diagnosis of viral infections, such as COVID-19, middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS), influenza, hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and dengue, among others. The role and relevance of the nanomaterial, the type of biosensor, and the electrochemical technique adopted will be discussed. Finally, the critical issues in applying laboratory research to the analysis of real samples, future perspectives, and commercialization aspects of electrochemical biosensors for virus detection will be analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Curulli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN), 00161 Rome, Italy
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18
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Cetinkaya A, Kaya SI, Ozkan SA. A Comprehensive Overview of Sensors Applications for the Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and of Drugs Used in its Treatment. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-21. [PMID: 36877165 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2186693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 process, determination-based analytical chemistry studies have had a major place at every stage. Many analytical techniques have been used in both diagnostic studies and drug analysis. Among these, electrochemical sensors are frequently preferred due to their high sensitivity, selectivity, short analysis time, reliability, ease of sample preparation, and low use of organic solvents. For the determination of drugs used in the SARS-CoV-2, such as favipiravir, molnupiravir, ribavirin, etc., electrochemical (nano)sensors are widely used in both pharmaceutical and biological samples. Diagnosis is the most critical step in the management of the disease, and electrochemical sensor tools are widely preferred for this purpose. Diagnostic electrochemical sensor tools can be biosensor-, nano biosensor-, or MIP-based sensors and utilize a wide variety of analytes such as viral proteins, viral RNA, antibodies, etc. This review overviews the sensor applications in SARS-CoV-2 in terms of diagnosis and determination of drugs by evaluating the most recent studies in the literature. In this way, it is aimed to compile the developments so far by shedding light on the most recent studies and giving ideas to researchers for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Cetinkaya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - S Irem Kaya
- Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
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19
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Zheng Y, Song X, Fredj Z, Bian S, Sawan M. Challenges and perspectives of multi-virus biosensing techniques: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1244:340860. [PMID: 36737150 PMCID: PMC9868144 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In the context of globalization, individuals have an increased chance of being infected by multiple viruses simultaneously, thereby highlighting the importance of developing multiplexed devices. In addition to sufficient sensitivity and rapid response, multi-virus sensing techniques are expected to offer additional advantages including high throughput, one-time sampling for parallel analysis, and full automation with data visualization. In this paper, we review the optical, electrochemical, and mechanical platforms that enable multi-virus biosensing. The working mechanisms of each platform, including the detection principle, transducer configuration, bio-interface design, and detected signals, are reviewed. The advantages and limitations, as well as the challenges in implementing various detection strategies in real-life scenarios, were evaluated. Future perspectives on multiplexed biosensing techniques are critically discussed. Earlier access to multi-virus biosensors will efficiently serve for immediate pandemic control, such as in emerging SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiao Zheng
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China,Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Xixi Song
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Zina Fredj
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Sumin Bian
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China.
| | - Mohamad Sawan
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China.
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20
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An ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for detecting porcine epidemic diarrhea virus based on a Prussian blue-reduced graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode. Anal Biochem 2023; 662:115013. [PMID: 36493864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.115013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study developed a novel, ultrasensitive sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor for detecting the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). By electrochemical co-deposition of graphene and Prussian blue, a Prussian blue-reduced graphene oxide-modified glassy carbon electrode was made, further modified with PEDV-monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to create a new PEDV immunosensor using the double antibody sandwich technique. The electrochemical characteristics of several modified electrodes were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). We optimized the pH levels and scan rate. Additionally, we examined specificity, reproducibility, repeatability, accuracy, and stability. The study indicates that the immunosensor has good performance in the concentration range of 1 × 101.88 to 1 × 105.38 TCID50/mL of PEDV, with a detection limit of 1 × 101.93 TCID50/mL at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3σ. The composite membranes produced via co-deposition of graphene and Prussian blue effectively increased electron transport to the glassy carbon electrode, boosted response signals, and increased the sensitivity, specificity, and stability of the immunosensor. The immunosensor could accurately detect PEDV, with results comparable to real-time quantitative PCR. This technique was applied to PEDV detection and served as a model for developing additional immunosensors for detecting hazardous chemicals and pathogenic microbes.
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21
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Police Patil AV, Chuang YS, Li C, Wu CC. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Immunosensors with Nanomaterial Assistance for Signal Amplification. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010125. [PMID: 36671960 PMCID: PMC9855954 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical immunosensors have attracted immense attention due to the ease of mass electrode production and the high compatibility of the miniature electric reader, which is beneficial for developing point-of-care diagnostic devices. Electrochemical immunosensors can be divided into label-free and label-based sensing strategies equipped with potentiometric, amperometric, voltammetric, or impedimetric detectors. Emerging nanomaterials are frequently used on electrochemical immunosensors as a highly rough and conductive interface of the electrodes or on nanocarriers of immobilizing capture antibodies, electroactive mediators, or catalyzers. Adopting nanomaterials can increase immunosensor characteristics with lower detection limits and better sensitivity. Recent research has shown innovative immobilization procedures of nanomaterials which meet the requirements of different electrochemical immunosensors. This review discusses the past five years of advances in nanomaterials (metal nanoparticles, metal nanostructures, carbon nanotubes, and graphene) integrated into the electrochemical immunosensor. Furthermore, the new tendency and endeavors of nanomaterial-based electrochemical immunosensors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash V. Police Patil
- Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Chuang
- Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Chenzhong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, 1324 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Ching-Chou Wu
- Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
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22
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Azam T, Bukhari SH, Liaqat U, Miran W. Emerging Methods in Biosensing of Immunoglobin G-A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:676. [PMID: 36679468 PMCID: PMC9862834 DOI: 10.3390/s23020676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Human antibodies are produced due to the activation of immune system components upon exposure to an external agent or antigen. Human antibody G, or immunoglobin G (IgG), accounts for 75% of total serum antibody content. IgG controls several infections by eradicating disease-causing pathogens from the body through complementary interactions with toxins. Additionally, IgG is an important diagnostic tool for certain pathological conditions, such as autoimmune hepatitis, hepatitis B virus (HBV), chickenpox and MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella), and coronavirus-induced disease 19 (COVID-19). As an important biomarker, IgG has sparked interest in conducting research to produce robust, sensitive, selective, and economical biosensors for its detection. To date, researchers have used different strategies and explored various materials from macro- to nanoscale to be used in IgG biosensing. In this review, emerging biosensors for IgG detection have been reviewed along with their detection limits, especially electrochemical biosensors that, when coupled with nanomaterials, can help to achieve the characteristics of a reliable IgG biosensor. Furthermore, this review can assist scientists in developing strategies for future research not only for IgG biosensors but also for the development of other biosensing systems for diverse targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehmina Azam
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hassan Bukhari
- College of Computational Sciences and Natural Sciences, Minerva University, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA
| | - Usman Liaqat
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Miran
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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23
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Štukovnik Z, Bren U. Recent Developments in Electrochemical-Impedimetric Biosensors for Virus Detection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415922. [PMID: 36555560 PMCID: PMC9788240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses, including influenza viruses, MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus), SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus), HAV (Hepatitis A virus), HBV (Hepatitis B virus), HCV (Hepatitis C virus), HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), EBOV (Ebola virus), ZIKV (Zika virus), and most recently SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), are responsible for many diseases that result in hundreds of thousands of deaths yearly. The ongoing outbreak of the COVID-19 disease has raised a global concern and intensified research on the detection of viruses and virus-related diseases. Novel methods for the sensitive, rapid, and on-site detection of pathogens, such as the recent SARS-CoV-2, are critical for diagnosing and treating infectious diseases before they spread and affect human health worldwide. In this sense, electrochemical impedimetric biosensors could be applied for virus detection on a large scale. This review focuses on the recent developments in electrochemical-impedimetric biosensors for the detection of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zala Štukovnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Urban Bren
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška ulica 8, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Sensors, Beloruska ulica 7, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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24
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Sobhanie E, Salehnia F, Xu G, Hamidipanah Y, Arshian S, Firoozbakhtian A, Hosseini M, Ganjali MR, Hanif S. Recent trends and advancements in electrochemiluminescence biosensors for human virus detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2022; 157:116727. [PMID: 35815064 PMCID: PMC9254503 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Researchers are constantly looking to find new techniques of virus detection that are sensitive, cost-effective, and accurate. Additionally, they can be used as a point-of-care (POC) tool due to the fact that the populace is growing at a quick tempo, and epidemics are materializing greater often than ever. Electrochemiluminescence-based (ECL) biosensors for the detection of viruses have become one of the most quickly developing sensors in this field. Thus, we here focus on recent trends and developments of these sensors with regard to virus detection. Also, quantitative analysis of various viruses (e.g., Influenza virus, SARS-CoV-2, HIV, HPV, Hepatitis virus, and Zika virus) with a specific interest in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was introduced from the perspective of the biomarker and the biological receptor immobilized on the ECL-based sensors, such as nucleic acids-based, immunosensors, and other affinity ECL biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtesam Sobhanie
- Nanobiosensors Lab, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foad Salehnia
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Yalda Hamidipanah
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayesteh Arshian
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Firoozbakhtian
- Nanobiosensors Lab, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Hosseini
- Nanobiosensors Lab, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saima Hanif
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Pakistan
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25
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Randviir EP, Banks CE. A review of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for bioanalytical sensors. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:4602-4624. [PMID: 36342043 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00970f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful technique for both quantitative and qualitative analysis. This review uses a systematic approach to examine how electrodes are tailored for use in EIS-based applications, describing the chemistries involved in sensor design, and discusses trends in the use of bio-based and non-bio-based electrodes. The review finds that immunosensors are the most prevalent sensor strategy that employs EIS as a quantification technique for target species. The review also finds that bio-based electrodes, though capable of detecting small molecules, are most applicable for the detection of complex molecules. Non-bio-based sensors are more often employed for simpler molecules and less often have applications for complex systems. We surmise that EIS has advanced in terms of electrode designs since our last review on the subject, although there are still inconsistencies in terms of equivalent circuit modelling for some sensor types. Removal of ambiguity from equivalent circuit models may help advance EIS as a choice detection method, allowing for lower limits of detection than traditional electrochemical methods such as voltammetry or amperometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward P Randviir
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, Lancs, UK.
| | - Craig E Banks
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, Lancs, UK.
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26
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Madej-Kiełbik L, Gzyra-Jagieła K, Jóźwik-Pruska J, Dziuba R, Bednarowicz A. Biopolymer Composites with Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7493. [PMID: 36363084 PMCID: PMC9659006 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest economic and environmental sustainability problems is the over-reliance on petroleum chemicals in polymer production. This paper presents an overview of the current state of knowledge on biopolymers combined with biosensors in terms of properties, compounding methods and applications, with a focus on medical and environmental aspects. Therefore, this article is devoted to environmentally friendly polymer materials. The paper presents an overview of the current state of knowledge on biopolymers combined with biosensors in terms of properties, compounding methods and applications, with a special focus on medical and environmental aspects. The paper presents the current state of knowledge, as well as prospects. The article shows that biopolymers made from renewable raw materials are of great interest in various fields of science and industry. These materials not only replace existing polymers in many applications, but also provide new combinations of properties for new applications. Composite materials based on biopolymers are considered superior to traditional non-biodegradable materials due to their ability to degrade when exposed to environmental factors. The paper highlights the combination of polymers with nanomaterials which allows the preparation of chemical sensors, thus enabling their use in environmental or medical applications due to their biocompatibility and sensitivity. This review focuses on analyzing the state of research in the field of biopolymer-sensor composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longina Madej-Kiełbik
- Lukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Gzyra-Jagieła
- Lukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland
- Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Żeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jagoda Jóźwik-Pruska
- Lukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland
| | - Radosław Dziuba
- Department of World Economy and European Integration, University of Lodz, 41/43 Rewolucji 1905 Str., 90-214 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Bednarowicz
- Lukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland
- Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Żeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
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27
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Braz BA, Hospinal-Santiani M, Martins G, Pinto CS, Zarbin AJG, Beirão BCB, Thomaz-Soccol V, Bergamini MF, Marcolino-Junior LH, Soccol CR. Graphene-Binding Peptide in Fusion with SARS-CoV-2 Antigen for Electrochemical Immunosensor Construction. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12100885. [PMID: 36291021 PMCID: PMC9599560 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of immunosensors to detect antibodies or antigens has stood out in the face of traditional methods for diagnosing emerging diseases such as the one caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The present study reports the construction of a simplified electrochemical immunosensor using a graphene-binding peptide applied as a recognition site to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. A screen-printed electrode was used for sensor preparation by adding a solution of peptide and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The peptide-rGO suspension was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The electrochemical characterization (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy-EIS, cyclic voltammetry-CV and differential pulse voltammetry-DPV) was performed on the modified electrode. The immunosensor response is based on the decrease in the faradaic signal of an electrochemical probe resulting from immunocomplex formation. Using the best set of experimental conditions, the analytic curve obtained showed a good linear regression (r2 = 0.913) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.77 μg mL-1 for antibody detection. The CV and EIS results proved the efficiency of device assembly. The high selectivity of the platform, which can be attributed to the peptide, was demonstrated by the decrease in the current percentage for samples with antibody against the SARS-CoV-2 S protein and the increase in the other antibodies tested. Additionally, the DPV measurements showed a clearly distinguishable response in assays against human serum samples, with sera with a response above 95% being considered negative, whereas responses below this value were considered positive. The diagnostic platform developed with specific peptides is promising and has the potential for application in the diagnosis of other infections that lead to high antibody titers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz A. Braz
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Manuel Hospinal-Santiani
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Martins
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristian S. Pinto
- Materials Chemistry Group (GQM), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Aldo J. G. Zarbin
- Materials Chemistry Group (GQM), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Breno C. B. Beirão
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Parasitology, and Pathology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Vanete Thomaz-Soccol
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Márcio F. Bergamini
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz H. Marcolino-Junior
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos R. Soccol
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
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28
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Vicentini FC, Silva LRG, Stefano JS, Lima ARF, Prakash J, Bonacin JA, Janegitz BC. Starch-Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: A Review. BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS & DEVICES 2022. [PMCID: PMC9510496 DOI: 10.1007/s44174-022-00012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural green compounds for sensor modification (binders) are challenging in electrochemistry. Starch is a carbohydrate biopolymer that has been used extensively in the development of biomaterials for the food industry due to its ability to impart textural characteristics and provide gelling or film formation. In particular, the excellent film-forming characteristics have been used for the development of new surface modifying architectures for electrodes. Here, we highlight a very comprehensive overview of the properties of interest of various types of starch in conjunction with (bio)materials in the chemical modification of sensors and biosensors. Throughout the review, we first give an introduction to the extraction, applications, and properties of starches followed by an overview of the prospects and their possible applications in electrochemical sensors and biosensors. In this context, we discuss some important characteristics of starches and different strategies of their film formation with an emphasis on their role in the development of electrochemical sensors and biosensors highlighting their main contributions to enhancing the performance of these devices and their applications in environmental and clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando C. Vicentini
- Center of Nature Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Lauri Simões de Barros km 12, Buri, SP 18290-000 Brazil
| | - Luiz R. G. Silva
- Laboratory of Sensors, Nanomedicine, and Nanostructured Materials (LSNano), Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, São Paulo 13600-970 Brazil
| | - Jéssica S. Stefano
- Laboratory of Sensors, Nanomedicine, and Nanostructured Materials (LSNano), Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, São Paulo 13600-970 Brazil
| | - Alan R. F. Lima
- Center of Nature Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Lauri Simões de Barros km 12, Buri, SP 18290-000 Brazil
| | - Jai Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh 177005 India
| | - Juliano A. Bonacin
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-859 Brazil
| | - Bruno C. Janegitz
- Laboratory of Sensors, Nanomedicine, and Nanostructured Materials (LSNano), Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, São Paulo 13600-970 Brazil
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29
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Ye Q, Zhang Z, Liu J, Wang X. Screen-printed electrode-based biosensors modified with functional nucleic acid probes and their applications in this pandemic age: a review. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:2961-2975. [PMID: 35913361 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00666a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical methodology has probably been the most used sensing platform in the past few years as they provide superior advantages. In particular, screen-printed electrode (SPE)-based sensing applications stand out as they provide extraordinary miniaturized but robust and user-friendly detection system. In this context, we are focusing on the modification of SPE with functional nucleic acid probes and nanostructures to improve the electrochemical detection performance in versatile sensing applications, particularly in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Aptamers are immobilized on the electrode surface to detect non-nucleic acid targets and complementary probes to recognize and capture nucleic acid targets. In a step further, SPE-based biosensors with the modification of self-assembled DNA nanostructures are emphasized as they offer great potential for the interface engineering of the electrode surface and promote the excellent performance of various interface reactions. By equipping with a portable potentiostat and a smartphone monitoring device, the realization of this SPE-based miniaturized diagnostic system for the further requirement of fast and POC detection is revealed. Finally, more novel and excellent works are previewed and future perspectives in this field are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Ye
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenqi Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Xuyao Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
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30
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Silva LRG, Stefano JS, Orzari LO, Brazaca LC, Carrilho E, Marcolino-Junior LH, Bergamini MF, Munoz RAA, Janegitz BC. Electrochemical Biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 cDNA Detection Using AuPs-Modified 3D-Printed Graphene Electrodes. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080622. [PMID: 36005018 PMCID: PMC9405530 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A low-cost and disposable graphene polylactic (G-PLA) 3D-printed electrode modified with gold particles (AuPs) was explored to detect the cDNA of SARS-CoV-2 and creatinine, a potential biomarker for COVID-19. For that, a simple, non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor, based on a Au-modified G-PLA platform was applied. The AuPs deposited on the electrode were involved in a complexation reaction with creatinine, resulting in a decrease in the analytical response, and thus providing a fast and simple electroanalytical device. Physicochemical characterizations were performed by SEM, EIS, FTIR, and cyclic voltammetry. Square wave voltammetry was employed for the creatinine detection, and the sensor presented a linear response with a detection limit of 0.016 mmol L−1. Finally, a biosensor for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 was developed based on the immobilization of a capture sequence of the viral cDNA upon the Au-modified 3D-printed electrode. The concentration, immobilization time, and hybridization time were evaluated in presence of the DNA target, resulting in a biosensor with rapid and low-cost analysis, capable of sensing the cDNA of the virus with a good limit of detection (0.30 µmol L−1), and high sensitivity (0.583 µA µmol−1 L). Reproducible results were obtained (RSD = 1.14%, n = 3), attesting to the potentiality of 3D-printed platforms for the production of biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz R. G. Silva
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica S. Stefano
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (J.S.S.); (B.C.J.)
| | - Luiz O. Orzari
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil
| | - Laís C. Brazaca
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry (IQSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis-INCTBio, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry (IQSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis-INCTBio, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz H. Marcolino-Junior
- Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcio F. Bergamini
- Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A. A. Munoz
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis-INCTBio, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruno C. Janegitz
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (J.S.S.); (B.C.J.)
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31
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Ji D, Guo M, Wu Y, Liu W, Luo S, Wang X, Kang H, Chen Y, Dai C, Kong D, Ma H, Liu Y, Wei D. Electrochemical Detection of a Few Copies of Unamplified SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acids by a Self-Actuated Molecular System. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13526-13537. [PMID: 35858825 PMCID: PMC9344789 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The existing electrochemical biosensors lack controllable and intelligent merit to modulate the sensing process upon external stimulus, leading to challenges in analyzing a few copies of biomarkers in unamplified samples. Here, we present a self-actuated molecular-electrochemical system that consists of a tentacle and a trunk modification on a graphene microelectrode. The tentacle that contains a probe and an electrochemical label keeps an upright orientation, which increases recognition efficiency while decreasing the pseudosignal. Once the nucleic acids are recognized, the tentacles nearby along with the labels are spontaneously actuated downward, generating electrochemical responses under square wave voltammetry. Thus, it detects unamplified SARS-CoV-2 RNAs within 1 min down to 4 copies in 80 μL, 2-6 orders of magnitude lower than those of other electrochemical assays. Double-blind testing and 10-in-1 pooled testing of nasopharyngeal samples yield high overall agreement with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results. We fabricate a portable prototype based on this system, showing great potential for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daizong Ji
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- Shanghai
Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yungen Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shi Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hua Kang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yiheng Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Changhao Dai
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Derong Kong
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongwenjie Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute
of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dacheng Wei
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory
of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200433, China
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32
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Curulli A. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Sensing Strategies for Food Allergen Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070503. [PMID: 35884306 PMCID: PMC9313194 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Food allergy has been indicated as the most frequent adverse reaction to food ingredients over the past few years. Since the only way to avoid the occurrence of allergic phenomena is to eliminate allergenic foods, it is essential to have complete and accurate information on the components of foodstuff. In this framework, it is mandatory and crucial to provide fast, cost-effective, affordable, and reliable analysis methods for the screening of specific allergen content in food products. This review reports the research advancements concerning food allergen detection, involving electrochemical biosensors. It focuses on the sensing strategies evidencing different types of recognition elements such as antibodies, nucleic acids, and cells, among others, the nanomaterial role, the several electrochemical techniques involved and last, but not least, the ad hoc electrodic surface modification approaches. Moreover, a selection of the most recent electrochemical sensors for allergen detection are reported and critically analyzed in terms of the sensors’ analytical performances. Finally, advantages, limitations, and potentialities for practical applications of electrochemical biosensors for allergens are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Curulli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN), 00161 Rome, Italy
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33
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Xu J, Kerr L, Jiang Y, Suo W, Zhang L, Lao T, Chen Y, Zhang Y. Rapid Antigen Diagnostics as Frontline Testing in the COVID‐19 Pandemic. SMALL SCIENCE 2022; 2:2200009. [PMID: 35942171 PMCID: PMC9349911 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing global COVID‐19 pandemic, caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, has resulted in significant loss of life since December 2019. Timely and precise virus detection has been proven as an effective solution to reduce the spread of the virus and to track the epidemic. Rapid antigen diagnostics has played a significant role in the frontline of COVID‐19 testing because of its convenience, low cost, and high accuracy. Herein, different types of recently innovated in‐lab and commercial antigen diagnostic technologies with emphasis on the strengths and limitations of these technologies including the limit of detection, sensitivity, specificity, affordability, and usability are systematically reviewed. The perspectives of assay development are looked into.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xu
- Department of Systems Biology Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
- Department of Molecular Virology Virogin Biotech Ltd. 3800 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver BC V6S 2L9 Canada
| | - Liam Kerr
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Intelligent Machines McGill University Montreal QC H3A0C3 Canada
| | - Yue Jiang
- China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 China
| | - Wenhao Suo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02215 USA
- Department of Pathology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University 55 Zhenhai Road Xiamen 361003 China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo ON N2L3G1 Canada
| | - Taotao Lao
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics Boston Molecules Inc. 564 Main Street Waltham MA 02452 USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Charlestown MA 02114 USA
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing Jiangsu 210008 China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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34
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Manring N, Ahmed MMN, Tenhoff N, Smeltz JL, Pathirathna P. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Tools for Virus Detection. Anal Chem 2022; 94:7149-7157. [PMID: 35535749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Virus detection at the point-of-care facility has become an alarming topic in the research community. The latest coronavirus pandemic has highlighted the limitations of current conventional virus detection methods. Compared to nonelectrochemical sensors, electrochemical sensors provide the ideal platform for rapid, cheap, fast, sensitive, and selective diagnosis of several viruses, particularly at point-of-care facilities. This article highlights the most promising studies reported over the past decade to detect a broad spectrum of viruses using voltammetry, amperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel Manring
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering & Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Muzammil M N Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering & Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Nicholas Tenhoff
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering & Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Jessica L Smeltz
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering & Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Pavithra Pathirathna
- Department of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering & Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
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35
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Babaei A, Pouremamali A, Rafiee N, Sohrabi H, Mokhtarzadeh A, de la Guardia M. Genosensors as an alternative diagnostic sensing approaches for specific detection of various certain viruses: a review of common techniques and outcomes. Trends Analyt Chem 2022; 155:116686. [PMID: 35611316 PMCID: PMC9119280 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Viral infections are responsible for the deaths of millions of people throughout the world. Since outbreak of highly contagious and mutant viruses such as contemporary sars-cov-2 pandemic, has challenged the conventional diagnostic methods, the entity of a thoroughly sensitive, specific, rapid and inexpensive detecting technique with minimum level of false-positivity or -negativity, is desperately needed more than any time in the past decades. Biosensors as minimized devices could detect viruses in simple formats. So far, various nucleic acid, immune- and protein-based biosensors were designed and tested for recognizing the genome, antigen, or protein level of viruses, respectively; however, nucleic acid-based sensing techniques, which is the foundation of constructing genosensors, are preferred not only because of their ultra-sensitivity and applicability in the early stages of infections but also for their ability to differentiate various strains of the same virus. To date, the review articles related to genosensors are just confined to particular pathogenic diseases; In this regard, the present review covers comprehensive information of the research progress of the electrochemical, optical, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) genosensors that applied for human viruses' diseases detection and also provides a well description of viruses' clinical importance, the conventional diagnosis approaches of viruses and their disadvantages. This review would address the limitations in the current developments as well as the future challenges involved in the successful construction of sensing approaches with the functionalized nanomaterials and also allow exploring into core-research works regarding this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abouzar Babaei
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Pouremamali
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Rafiee
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hessamaddin Sohrabi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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36
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Brazaca LC, Imamura AH, Gomes NO, Almeida MB, Scheidt DT, Raymundo-Pereira PA, Oliveira ON, Janegitz BC, Machado SAS, Carrilho E. Electrochemical immunosensors using electrodeposited gold nanostructures for detecting the S proteins from SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:5507-5517. [PMID: 35169906 PMCID: PMC8853172 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03956-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the development of a low-cost (< US$ 0.03 per device) immunosensor based on gold-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). As a proof of concept, the immunosensor was tested for a fast and sensitive determination of S proteins from both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, by a single disposable device. Gold nanoparticles were electrochemically deposited via direct reduction of gold ions on the electrode using amperometry. Capture antibodies from spike (S) protein were covalently immobilized on carboxylic groups of self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of mercaptoacetic acid (MAA) attached to the gold nanoparticles. Label-free detection of S proteins from both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 was performed with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The immunosensor fabricated with 9 s gold deposition had a high performance in terms of selectivity, sensitivity, and low limit of detection (LOD) (3.16 pmol L-1), thus permitting the direct determination of the target proteins in spiked saliva samples. The complete analysis can be carried out within 35 min using a simple one-step assay protocol with small sample volumes (10 µL). With such features, the immunoplatform presented here can be deployed for mass testing in point-of-care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Canniatti Brazaca
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil. .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Hikari Imamura
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Oezau Gomes
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bortholazzi Almeida
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Desirée Tamara Scheidt
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | | | - Osvaldo N Oliveira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Bruno Campos Janegitz
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil
| | | | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil. .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
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37
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Stefano JS, Guterres E Silva LR, Rocha RG, Brazaca LC, Richter EM, Abarza Muñoz RA, Janegitz BC. New conductive filament ready-to-use for 3D-printing electrochemical (bio)sensors: Towards the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1191:339372. [PMID: 35033268 PMCID: PMC9381826 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The 3D printing technology has gained ground due to its wide range of applicability. The development of new conductive filaments contributes significantly to the production of improved electrochemical devices. In this context, we report a simple method to producing an efficient conductive filament, containing graphite within the polymer matrix of PLA, and applied in conjunction with 3D printing technology to generate (bio)sensors without the need for surface activation. The proposed method for producing the conductive filament consists of four steps: (i) mixing graphite and PLA in a heated reflux system; (ii) recrystallization of the composite; (iii) drying and; (iv) extrusion. The produced filament was used for the manufacture of electrochemical 3D printed sensors. The filament and sensor were characterized by physicochemical techniques, such as SEM, TGA, Raman, FTIR as well as electrochemical techniques (EIS and CV). Finally, as a proof-of-concept, the fabricated 3D-printed sensor was applied for the determination of uric acid and dopamine in synthetic urine and used as a platform for the development of a biosensor for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. The developed sensors, without pre-treatment, provided linear ranges of 0.5-150.0 and 5.0-50.0 μmol L-1, with low LOD values (0.07 and 0.11 μmol L-1), for uric acid and dopamine, respectively. The developed biosensor successfully detected SARS-CoV-2 S protein, with a linear range from 5.0 to 75.0 nmol L-1 (0.38 μg mL-1 to 5.74 μg mL-1) and LOD of 1.36 nmol L-1 (0.10 μg mL-1) and sensitivity of 0.17 μA nmol-1 L (0.01 μA μg-1 mL). Therefore, the lab-made produced and the ready-to-use conductive filament is promising and can become an alternative route for the production of different 3D electrochemical (bio)sensors and other types of conductive devices by 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Santos Stefano
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, 13600-970, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Ricardo Guterres E Silva
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, 13600-970, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Gomes Rocha
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laís Canniatti Brazaca
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis-INCTBio, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Mathias Richter
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis-INCTBio, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alejandro Abarza Muñoz
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis-INCTBio, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Campos Janegitz
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, 13600-970, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil.
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38
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Aydın EB, Aydın M, Sezgintürk MK. Label-free and reagent-less electrochemical detection of nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2: an ultrasensitive and disposable biosensor. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00046f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 biosensor fabrication steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Burcu Aydın
- Namık Kemal University, Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Aydın
- Namık Kemal University, Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sezgintürk
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, Çanakkale, Turkey
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39
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Svalova TS, Medvedeva MV, Kozitsina AN. A “Clickable” Electrodeposited Polymer Films Based on 3‐Ethynylthiophene for the Covalent Immobilization of Proteins. Application to a Label‐free Electrochemical Immunosensor for Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus Determination. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. S. Svalova
- Institute of Chemical Technology Ural Federal University Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
| | - M. V. Medvedeva
- Institute of Chemical Technology Ural Federal University Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
| | - A. N. Kozitsina
- Institute of Chemical Technology Ural Federal University Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
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40
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Pinheiro T, Cardoso AR, Sousa CEA, Marques AC, Tavares APM, Matos AM, Cruz MT, Moreira FTC, Martins R, Fortunato E, Sales MGF. Paper-Based Biosensors for COVID-19: A Review of Innovative Tools for Controlling the Pandemic. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:29268-29290. [PMID: 34778604 PMCID: PMC8577188 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The appearance and quick spread of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease, COVID-19, brought major societal challenges. Importantly, suitable medical diagnosis procedures and smooth clinical management of the disease are an emergent need, which must be anchored on novel diagnostic methods and devices. Novel molecular diagnostic tools relying on nucleic acid amplification testing have emerged globally and are the current gold standard in COVID-19 diagnosis. However, the need for widespread testing methodologies for fast, effective testing in multiple epidemiological scenarios remains a crucial step in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Biosensors have previously shown the potential for cost-effective and accessible diagnostics, finding applications in settings where conventional, laboratorial techniques may not be readily employed. Paper- and cellulose-based biosensors can be particularly relevant in pandemic times, for the renewability, possibility of mass production with sustainable methodologies, and safe environmental disposal. In this review, paper-based devices and platforms targeting SARS-CoV-2 are showcased and discussed, as a means to achieve quick and low-cost PoC diagnosis, including detection methodologies for viral genomic material, viral antigen detection, and serological antibody testing. Devices targeting inflammatory markers relevant for COVID-19 are also discussed, as fast, reliable bedside diagnostic tools for patient treatment and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Pinheiro
- CENIMAT
i3N, Materials Science Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- BioMark@UC,
Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University
of Coimbra R. Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A. Rita Cardoso
- CENIMAT
i3N, Materials Science Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- BioMark@UC,
Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University
of Coimbra R. Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- BioMark@ISEP,
School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute
of Porto, R. Dr. António
Bernardino de Almeida, 431, Porto 4249-015, Portugal
- CEB,
Centre of Biological Engineering, University
of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Cristina E. A. Sousa
- BioMark@UC,
Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University
of Coimbra R. Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- BioMark@ISEP,
School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute
of Porto, R. Dr. António
Bernardino de Almeida, 431, Porto 4249-015, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Marques
- CENIMAT
i3N, Materials Science Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- BioMark@UC,
Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University
of Coimbra R. Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana P. M. Tavares
- BioMark@UC,
Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University
of Coimbra R. Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- BioMark@ISEP,
School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute
of Porto, R. Dr. António
Bernardino de Almeida, 431, Porto 4249-015, Portugal
- CEB,
Centre of Biological Engineering, University
of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Ana Miguel Matos
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências
da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Chemical
Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Faculty
of Medicine, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I, 1st Floor, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal
| | - Felismina T. C. Moreira
- BioMark@UC,
Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University
of Coimbra R. Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- BioMark@ISEP,
School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute
of Porto, R. Dr. António
Bernardino de Almeida, 431, Porto 4249-015, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Martins
- CENIMAT
i3N, Materials Science Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- CENIMAT
i3N, Materials Science Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - M. Goreti F. Sales
- BioMark@UC,
Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University
of Coimbra R. Sílvio Lima, Pólo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- BioMark@ISEP,
School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute
of Porto, R. Dr. António
Bernardino de Almeida, 431, Porto 4249-015, Portugal
- CEB,
Centre of Biological Engineering, University
of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
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Monteil S, Casson AJ, Jones ST. Electronic and electrochemical viral detection for point-of-care use: A systematic review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258002. [PMID: 34591907 PMCID: PMC8483417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Detecting viruses, which have significant impact on health and the economy, is essential for controlling and combating viral infections. In recent years there has been a focus towards simpler and faster detection methods, specifically through the use of electronic-based detection at the point-of-care. Point-of-care sensors play a particularly important role in the detection of viruses. Tests can be performed in the field or in resource limited regions in a simple manner and short time frame, allowing for rapid treatment. Electronic based detection allows for speed and quantitative detection not otherwise possible at the point-of-care. Such approaches are largely based upon voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, field effect transistors, and similar electrical techniques. Here, we systematically review electronic and electrochemical point-of-care sensors for the detection of human viral pathogens. Using the reported limits of detection and assay times we compare approaches both by detection method and by the target analyte of interest. Compared to recent scoping and narrative reviews, this systematic review which follows established best practice for evidence synthesis adds substantial new evidence on 1) performance and 2) limitations, needed for sensor uptake in the clinical arena. 104 relevant studies were identified by conducting a search of current literature using 7 databases, only including original research articles detecting human viruses and reporting a limit of detection. Detection units were converted to nanomolars where possible in order to compare performance across devices. This approach allows us to identify field effect transistors as having the fastest median response time, and as being the most sensitive, some achieving single-molecule detection. In general, we found that antigens are the quickest targets to detect. We also observe however, that reports are highly variable in their chosen metrics of interest. We suggest that this lack of systematisation across studies may be a major bottleneck in sensor development and translation. Where appropriate, we use the findings of the systematic review to give recommendations for best reporting practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solen Monteil
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- The Henry Royce Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J. Casson
- The Henry Royce Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel T. Jones
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- The Henry Royce Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
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