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Rajabi SA, Ownagh A, Hadian M. Genomic detection and phylogenetic analysis of Bartonella quintana in pet cats from Urmia City, Northwest Iran. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 105:102125. [PMID: 38199070 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and genetic characteristics of Bartonella quintana in pet cats from Urmia City, located in the northwest of Iran. Blood samples were collected from 200 cats, and their age, gender, and breed were noted. Nested-PCR and sequencing were used to identify B. quintana in positive samples, and the ftsZ gene sequences were analyzed using BioEdit software. The gene sequence obtained in this study exhibited 100.00 % similarity to reference sequences in the GenBank® database, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA11. The results revealed that 15 % of the cats (30 out of 200 blood samples) tested positive for the B. quintana gene, with a 95 % confidence interval of 10.71 % to 20.61 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Alempour Rajabi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Abdolghaffar Ownagh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Hadian
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Qiu Y, Guitian J, Webster JP, Musallam I, Haider N, Drewe JA, Song J. Global prioritization of endemic zoonotic diseases for conducting surveillance in domestic animals to protect public health. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220407. [PMID: 37598706 PMCID: PMC10440161 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic diseases (zoonoses) originating from domestic animals pose a significant risk to people's health and livelihoods, in addition to jeopardizing animal health and production. Effective surveillance of endemic zoonoses at the animal level is crucial to assessing the disease burden and risk, and providing early warning to prevent epidemics in animals and spillover to humans. Here we aimed to prioritize and characterize zoonoses for which surveillance in domestic animals is important to prevent human infections at a global scale. A multi-criteria qualitative approach was used, where disease-specific information was obtained across literature of the leading international health organizations. Thirty-two zoonoses were prioritized, all of which have multi-regional spread, cause unexceptional human infections and have domestic animal hosts as important sources or sentinels of zoonotic infections. Most diseases involve multiple animal hosts and/or modes of zoonotic transmission, where a lack of specific clinical signs in animals further complicates surveillance. We discuss the challenges of animal health surveillance in endemic and resource-limited settings, as well as potential avenues for improvement such as the multi-disease, multi-sectoral and digital surveillance approaches. Our study will support global capacity-building efforts to strengthen the surveillance and control of endemic zoonoses at their animal sources. This article is part of the theme issue 'Challenges and opportunities in the fight against neglected tropical diseases: a decade from the London Declaration on NTDs'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qiu
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Headquarters, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Javier Guitian
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, FAO Reference Centre in Veterinary Epidemiology, World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) Collaborating Centre in Risk Analysis and Modelling, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, Herts AL9 9TA, UK
| | - Joanne P. Webster
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, FAO Reference Centre in Veterinary Epidemiology, World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) Collaborating Centre in Risk Analysis and Modelling, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, Herts AL9 9TA, UK
| | - Imadidden Musallam
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, FAO Reference Centre in Veterinary Epidemiology, World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) Collaborating Centre in Risk Analysis and Modelling, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, Herts AL9 9TA, UK
| | - Najmul Haider
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, FAO Reference Centre in Veterinary Epidemiology, World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) Collaborating Centre in Risk Analysis and Modelling, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, Herts AL9 9TA, UK
| | - Julian A. Drewe
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, FAO Reference Centre in Veterinary Epidemiology, World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) Collaborating Centre in Risk Analysis and Modelling, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, Herts AL9 9TA, UK
| | - Junxia Song
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Headquarters, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
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Abukhattab S, Hosch S, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Hasan S, Vonaesch P, Crump L, Hattendorf J, Daubenberger C, Zinsstag J, Schindler T. Whole-genome sequencing for One Health surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in conflict zones: a case study of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. in the West Bank, Palestine. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0065823. [PMID: 37655921 PMCID: PMC10540982 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00658-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global concern driven by the overuse, misuse, and/or usage of inadequate antibiotics on humans, animals' agriculture, and as a result of contaminated environments. This study is the first One Health survey in the Middle East that incorporated whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to examine the spread of AMR in Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. This cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the role of AMR at the human-animal-environmental interface and was performed in Ramallah/Al-Bireh and Jerusalem governorates of the central West Bank, Palestine. In 2021 and 2022, a total of 592 samples were collected and analyzed. From a total of 65 Campylobacter jejuni and 19 Salmonella spp. isolates, DNA was extracted for WGS using Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION platform. We found that the dominant serotypes of C. jejuni and Salmonella enterica were present in chicken manure, chicken meat sold in markets, and feces of asymptomatic farm workers, with high genetic similarities between the isolates regardless of origin. Additionally, our results showed rapid strain turnover in C. jejuni from the same sites between 2021 and 2022. Most of the positive Salmonella spp. samples were multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. enterica serovar Muenchen carrying the plasmid of emerging S. infantis (pESI) megaplasmid, conferring resistance to multiple antibiotics. Our findings highlight the spread of MDR foodborne pathogens from animals to humans through the food chain, emphasizing the importance of a One Health approach that considers the interconnections between human, animal, and environmental health. IMPORTANCE Prior to this study, there existed hardly an integrated human-animal-environmental study of Salmonellosis and Campylobacteriosis and related AMR in Middle Eastern countries. The few existing studies lack robust epidemiological study designs, adequate for a One Health approach, and did not use WGS to determine the circulating serotypes and their AMR profiles. Civil unrest and war in Middle Eastern countries drive AMR because of the breakdown of public health and food security services. This study samples simultaneously humans, animals, and the environment to comprehensively investigate foodborne pathogens in the broiler chicken production chain in Palestine using WGS. We show that identical serotypes of C. jejuni and S. enterica can be found in samples from chicken farms, chicken meat sold in markets, and asymptomatic broiler chicken production workers. The most striking feature is the rapid dynamic of change in the genetic profile of the detected species in the same sampling locations. The majority of positive Salmonella spp. samples are MDR S. enterica serovar Muenchen isolates carrying the pESI megaplasmid. The results demonstrate a close relationship between the S. enterica serovar Muenchen isolates found in our sample collection and those responsible for 40% of all clinical Salmonella spp. isolates in Israel as previously reported, with a sequence identity of over 99.9%. These findings suggest the transboundary spread of MDR S. enterica serovar Muenchen strains from animals to humans through the food chain. The study underscores the importance of combining integrated One Health studies with WGS for detecting environmental-animal-human transmission of foodborne pathogens that could not be detected otherwise. This study showcases the benefits of integrated environmental-animal-human sampling and WGS for monitoring AMR. Environmental samples, which may be more accessible in conflict-torn places where monitoring systems are limited and regulations are weak, can provide an effective AMR surveillance solution. WGS of bacterial isolates provides causal inference of the distribution and spread of bacterial serotypes and AMR in complex social-ecological systems. Consequently, our results point toward the expected benefits of operationalizing a One Health approach through closer cooperation of public and animal health and food safety authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Abukhattab
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Salome Hosch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Shadi Hasan
- Master program in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine
| | - Pascale Vonaesch
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Crump
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Hattendorf
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Daubenberger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Zinsstag
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Schindler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Tegegne HA, Bogaardt C, Collineau L, Cazeau G, Lailler R, Reinhardt J, Freeth FTA, Taylor E, Prada JM, Hénaux V. OH-EpiCap: a semi-quantitative tool for the evaluation of One Health epidemiological surveillance capacities and capabilities. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1053986. [PMID: 37250092 PMCID: PMC10213933 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1053986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Although international health agencies encourage the development of One Health (OH) surveillance, many systems remain mostly compartmentalized, with limited collaborations among sectors and disciplines. In the framework of the OH European Joint Programme "MATRIX" project, a generic evaluation tool called OH-EpiCap has been developed to enable individual institutes/governments to characterize, assess and monitor their own OH epidemiological surveillance capacities and capabilities. The tool is organized around three dimensions: organization, operational activities, and impact of the OH surveillance system; each dimension is then divided into four targets, each including four indicators. A semi-quantitative questionnaire enables the scoring of each indicator, with four levels according to the degree of satisfaction in the studied OH surveillance system. The evaluation is conducted by a panel of surveillance representatives (during a half-day workshop or with a back-and-forth process to reach a consensus). An R Shiny-based web application facilitates implementation of the evaluation and visualization of the results, and includes a benchmarking option. The tool was piloted on several foodborne hazards (i.e., Salmonella, Campylobacter, Listeria), emerging threats (e.g., antimicrobial resistance) and other zoonotic hazards (psittacosis) in multiple European countries in 2022. These case studies showed that the OH-EpiCap tool supports the tracing of strengths and weaknesses in epidemiological capacities and the identification of concrete and direct actions to improve collaborative activities at all steps of surveillance. It appears complementary to the existing EU-LabCap tool, designed to assess the capacity and capability of European microbiology laboratories. In addition, it provides opportunity to reinforce trust between surveillance stakeholders from across the system and to build a good foundation for a professional network for further collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henok Ayalew Tegegne
- University of Lyon - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory of Lyon, Epidemiology and Support to Surveillance Unit, Lyon, France
| | - Carlijn Bogaardt
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Lucie Collineau
- University of Lyon - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory of Lyon, Epidemiology and Support to Surveillance Unit, Lyon, France
| | - Géraldine Cazeau
- University of Lyon - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory of Lyon, Epidemiology and Support to Surveillance Unit, Lyon, France
| | - Renaud Lailler
- University of Paris Est - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory for Food Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Johana Reinhardt
- University of Lyon - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory of Lyon, Epidemiology and Support to Surveillance Unit, Lyon, France
| | - Frederick T. A. Freeth
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Taylor
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Joaquin M. Prada
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Viviane Hénaux
- University of Lyon - Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de L'Alimentation, de L'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Laboratory of Lyon, Epidemiology and Support to Surveillance Unit, Lyon, France
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Pinto J, Dissanayake RB, Dhand N, Rojo-Gimeno C, Falzon LC, Akwar H, Alambeji RB, Beltran-Alcrudo D, Castellan DM, Chanachai K, Guitian J, Hilmers A, Larfaoui F, Loth L, Motta P, Rasamoelina H, Salyer S, Shadomy S, Squarzoni C, Rwego I, Santos CV, Wongsathapornchai K, Lockhart C, Okuthe S, Kane Y, Gilbert J, Soumare B, Dhingra M, Sumption K, Tiensin T. Development of core competencies for field veterinary epidemiology training programs. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1143375. [PMID: 37089403 PMCID: PMC10118009 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1143375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A workforce with the adequate field epidemiology knowledge, skills and abilities is the foundation of a strong and effective animal health system. Field epidemiology training is conducted in several countries to meet the increased global demand for such a workforce. However, core competencies for field veterinary epidemiology have not been identified and agreed upon globally, leading to the development of different training curricula. Having a set of agreed core competencies can harmonize field veterinary epidemiology training. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) initiated a collective, iterative, and participative process to achieve this and organized two expert consultative workshops in 2018 to develop core competencies for field veterinary epidemiology at the frontline and intermediate levels. Based on these expert discussions, 13 competencies were identified for the frontline and intermediate levels. These competencies were organized into three domains: epidemiological surveillance and studies; field investigation, preparedness and response; and One Health, communication, ethics and professionalism. These competencies can be used to facilitate the development of field epidemiology training curricula for veterinarians, adapted to country training needs, or customized for training other close disciplines. The competencies can also be useful for mentors and employers to monitor and evaluate the progress of their mentees, or to guide the selection process during the recruitment of new staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Pinto
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Liaison Office for the United Nations, Geneva, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Julio Pinto
| | | | - Navneet Dhand
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Holy Akwar
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Daniel Beltran-Alcrudo
- Food and Agriculture Organization Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Mario Castellan
- Institute for Infectious Animal Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Karoon Chanachai
- Department of Disease Control/Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Angela Hilmers
- Training Programs in Epidemiology and Public Health Interventions Network, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Fairouz Larfaoui
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Leo Loth
- Food and Agriculture Organization Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Paolo Motta
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stephanie Salyer
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Sean Shadomy
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Cécile Squarzoni
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, La Réunion, France
| | - Innocent Rwego
- University of Minnesota/One Health Central and Eastern Africa, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Carmen Varela Santos
- Public Health Capacity and Communication Unit, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kachen Wongsathapornchai
- Food and Agriculture Organization, Emergency Center for Transboundary Animal Diseases, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Caryl Lockhart
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Sam Okuthe
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Yaghouba Kane
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for Africa, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jeffrey Gilbert
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Baba Soumare
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Madhur Dhingra
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Keith Sumption
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Thanawat Tiensin
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
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Whatford L, van Winden S, Häsler B. A systematic literature review on the economic impact of endemic disease in UK sheep and cattle using a One Health conceptualisation. Prev Vet Med 2022; 209:105756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Bueno LM, Rizotto LS, Viana ADO, Silva LMN, de Moraes MVDS, Benassi JC, Scagion GP, Dorlass EG, Lopes BLT, Cunha IN, Melinski R, de Alvarenga IF, Leitão GL, Rodrigues RC, Pereira IMDS, Santos LDND, Fisch F, Rocha AD, Port D, Pereira GS, Greatti A, Barnabé ACDS, Tsukamoto J, Hingst-Zaher E, Junior SMDA, Junior WRT, Branco JO, Ometto T, de Araujo J, Arns CW, Ferreira HL, Durigon EEL. High genetic diversity of alphacoronaviruses in bat species (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from the Atlantic Forest in Brazil. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:e2863-e2875. [PMID: 35729863 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bat coronaviruses (Bat-CoV) represent around 35% of all virus genomes described in bats. Brazil has one of the highest mammal species diversities, with 181 species of bats described so far. However, few Bat-CoV surveillance programs were carried out in the country. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the Bat-CoV diversity in the Atlantic Forest, the second biome with the highest number of bat species in Brazil. We analyzed 456 oral and rectal swabs and 22 tissue samples from Atlantic Forest bats, detecting Alphacoronavirus in 44 swab samples (9.64%) targeting the RdRp gene from seven different bat species, three of them that have never been described as Bat-CoV hosts. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid (aa) sequences coding the RdRp gene grouped the sequences obtained in our study with Bat-CoV previously detected in identical or congeneric bat species, with high aa identity (over 90%). The RdRp gene was also detected in three tissue samples from Diphylla ecaudata and Sturnira lilium, and the partial S gene was successfully sequenced in five tissues and swab samples of D. ecaudata. The phylogenetic analysis based on the partial S gene obtained here grouped with the sequence of D. ecaudata with CoV from Desmodus rotundus previously detected in Peru and Brazil, with aa identity ranging from 73.6% to 88.8%. Our data reinforce the wide distribution of Coronaviruses in bats from Brazil and the novelty of three bats species as Bat-CoV hosts and the co-circulation of four Alphacoronavirus subgenera in Brazil. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Mayumi Bueno
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, FZEA- USP, University of Sao Paulo, 225 Av Duque de Caxias Norte, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Laís Santos Rizotto
- Graduate Program in Experimental Epidemiology Applied to Zoonoses, FMVZ-USP, University of São Paulo, 87 Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda de Oliveira Viana
- Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura Morais Nascimento Silva
- Graduate Program in Experimental Epidemiology Applied to Zoonoses, FMVZ-USP, University of São Paulo, 87 Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Vitória Dos Santos de Moraes
- Graduate Program in Experimental Epidemiology Applied to Zoonoses, FMVZ-USP, University of São Paulo, 87 Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Cristina Benassi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, FZEA- USP, University of Sao Paulo, 225 Av Duque de Caxias Norte, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Pereira Scagion
- Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Erick Gustavo Dorlass
- Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Irineu Noberto Cunha
- Biological Museum, Instituto Butantan, 1500 Vital Brasil Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ramiro Melinski
- Biological Museum, Instituto Butantan, 1500 Vital Brasil Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Lins Leitão
- Biological Museum, Instituto Butantan, 1500 Vital Brasil Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberta Costa Rodrigues
- Biology Departament, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiane Fisch
- School of Sea, Science and Technology, University of Vale do Itajaí, 458 Uruguai Street, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Alana Drielle Rocha
- School of Sea, Science and Technology, University of Vale do Itajaí, 458 Uruguai Street, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Dagoberto Port
- Brusque Educational Foundation, 123 Dorval Luz Street, Brusque, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Stahelin Pereira
- School of Sea, Science and Technology, University of Vale do Itajaí, 458 Uruguai Street, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Greatti
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline de Souza Barnabé
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Junko Tsukamoto
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Erika Hingst-Zaher
- Biological Museum, Instituto Butantan, 1500 Vital Brasil Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Joaquim Olinto Branco
- School of Sea, Science and Technology, University of Vale do Itajaí, 458 Uruguai Street, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Ometto
- Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jansen de Araujo
- Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Clarice Weis Arns
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Lage Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, FZEA- USP, University of Sao Paulo, 225 Av Duque de Caxias Norte, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Experimental Epidemiology Applied to Zoonoses, FMVZ-USP, University of São Paulo, 87 Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - E Edison Luiz Durigon
- Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, 1374 Prof. Lineu Prestes Avenue, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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A generalizable one health framework for the control of zoonotic diseases. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8588. [PMID: 35597789 PMCID: PMC9124177 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12619-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Effectively preventing and controlling zoonotic diseases requires a One Health approach that involves collaboration across sectors responsible for human health, animal health (both domestic and wildlife), and the environment, as well as other partners. Here we describe the Generalizable One Health Framework (GOHF), a five-step framework that provides structure for using a One Health approach in zoonotic disease programs being implemented at the local, sub-national, national, regional, or international level. Part of the framework is a toolkit that compiles existing resources and presents them following a stepwise schematic, allowing users to identify relevant resources as they are required. Coupled with recommendations for implementing a One Health approach for zoonotic disease prevention and control in technical domains including laboratory, surveillance, preparedness and response, this framework can mobilize One Health and thereby enhance and guide capacity building to combat zoonotic disease threats at the human-animal-environment interface.
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Worsley-Tonks KEL, Bender JB, Deem SL, Ferguson AW, Fèvre EM, Martins DJ, Muloi DM, Murray S, Mutinda M, Ogada D, Omondi GP, Prasad S, Wild H, Zimmerman DM, Hassell JM. Strengthening global health security by improving disease surveillance in remote rural areas of low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10:e579-e584. [PMID: 35303467 PMCID: PMC8923676 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need to strengthen national surveillance systems to protect a globally connected world. In low-income and middle-income countries, zoonotic disease surveillance has advanced considerably in the past two decades. However, surveillance efforts often prioritise urban and adjacent rural communities. Communities in remote rural areas have had far less support despite having routine exposure to zoonotic diseases due to frequent contact with domestic and wild animals, and restricted access to health care. Limited disease surveillance in remote rural areas is a crucial gap in global health security. Although this point has been made in the past, practical solutions on how to implement surveillance efficiently in these resource-limited and logistically challenging settings have yet to be discussed. We highlight why investing in disease surveillance in remote rural areas of low-income and middle-income countries will benefit the global community and review current approaches. Using semi-arid regions in Kenya as a case study, we provide a practical approach by which surveillance in remote rural areas can be strengthened and integrated into existing systems. This Viewpoint represents a transition from simply highlighting the need for a more holistic approach to disease surveillance to a solid plan for how this outcome might be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeff B Bender
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sharon L Deem
- Institute for Conservation Medicine, Saint Louis Zoo, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Adam W Ferguson
- Gantz Family Collection Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eric M Fèvre
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Dino J Martins
- Mpala Research Centre, Nanyuki, Kenya; Department of Ecology and Evolution, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Dishon M Muloi
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya; Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Suzan Murray
- Global Health Program, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mathew Mutinda
- Veterinary Services Department, Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Darcy Ogada
- The Peregrine Fund, Boise, ID, USA; National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - George P Omondi
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA; Ahadi Veterinary Resource Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Shailendra Prasad
- Center for Global Health and Social Responsibility, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hannah Wild
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dawn M Zimmerman
- Department of Clinical Studies, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Disease, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - James M Hassell
- Global Health Program, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Disease, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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10
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Shanbehzadeh M, Nopour R, Kazemi-Arpanahi H. Designing a standardized framework for data integration between zoonotic diseases systems: Towards one health surveillance. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2022.100893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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11
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Grajeda LM, McCracken JP, Berger-González M, López MR, Álvarez D, Méndez S, Pérez O, Cordón-Rosales C, Zinsstag J. Sensitivity and representativeness of one-health surveillance for diseases of zoonotic potential at health facilities relative to household visits in rural Guatemala. One Health 2021; 13:100336. [PMID: 34703874 PMCID: PMC8524745 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Most human and animal disease notification systems are unintegrated and passive, resulting in underreporting. Active surveillance can complement passive efforts, but because they are resource-intensive, their attributes must be evaluated. We assessed the sensitivity and representativeness of One-Health surveillance conducted at health facilities compared to health facilities plus monthly household visits in three rural communities of Guatemala. From September 2017 to November 2018, we screened humans for acute diarrheal, febrile and respiratory infectious syndromes and canines, swine, equines and bovines for syndromic events or deaths. We estimated the relative sensitivity as the incidence rate ratio of detecting an event in health facility surveillance compared to household surveillance from Poisson models. We used interaction terms between the surveillance method and sociodemographic factors or time trends to assess effect modification as a measure of relative representativeness. We used generalized additive models with smoothing splines to model incidence over time by surveillance method. We randomized 216 households to health facility surveillance and 198 to health facility surveillance plus monthly household visits. Health facility surveillance alone was less sensitive than when combined with household surveillance by 0.42 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.53), 0.56 (95% CI: 0.39, 0.79), 0.02 (95% CI: 0.00, 0.10), 0.28 (95% CI: 0.15, 0.50) and 0.22 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.92) times for human acute infections, human severe acute infections, and deaths in canines, swine and equines, respectively. Health facility surveillance alone underrepresented Spanish speakers (interaction p-value = 0.0003) and persons in higher economic assets (interaction p-values = 0.0008). The trend in incidence over time was different between the two study groups, with a larger decrease in the group with household surveillance (all interaction p-values <0.10). Surveillance at health facilities under ascertains syndromes in humans and animals which leads to underestimation of the burden of zoonotic disease. The magnitude of under ascertainment was differentially by sociodemographic factors, yielding an unrepresentative sample of health events. However, it is less time-intensive, thus might be sustained over time longer than household surveillance. The choice between methodologies should be evaluated against surveillance goals and available resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Grajeda
- Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala
- Global Health Institute, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, GA, USA
| | - John P. McCracken
- Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala
- Global Health Institute, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, GA, USA
| | - Mónica Berger-González
- Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala
| | - María Reneé López
- Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala
| | - Danilo Álvarez
- Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala
| | - Salvador Méndez
- Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare, Petén, Guatemala
| | - Oscar Pérez
- Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food, Petén, Guatemala
| | - Celia Cordón-Rosales
- Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala
| | - Jakob Zinsstag
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
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12
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Falzon LC, Ogola JG, Odinga CO, Naboyshchikov L, Fèvre EM, Berezowski J. Electronic data collection to enhance disease surveillance at the slaughterhouse in a smallholder production system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19447. [PMID: 34593856 PMCID: PMC8484591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98495-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, meat inspection provides data for animal health surveillance. However, paper-based recording of data is often not reported through to higher authorities in sufficient detail. We trialled the use of an electronic meat inspection form in Kenyan slaughterhouses, in lieu of the currently used paper-based format. Meat inspectors in two ruminant slaughterhouses completed and submitted an electronic report for each animal slaughtered at their facility. The reports, which captured information on the animal demographics and any eventual condemnations, were stored in a central database and available in real-time. A stakeholder meeting was held towards the end of the study. Over the 2.75 year study period, 16,386 reports were submitted; a downward linear trend in the monthly submissions was noted. There was a week effect, whereby more reports were submitted on the market day. Of the slaughtered animals, 23% had at least a partial condemnation. The most frequently condemned organs were the liver, lungs and intestines; the primary reasons for condemnations were parasitic conditions. Lack of feedback and difficulty capturing animal origin information were the primary challenges highlighted. The study demonstrated that electronic data capture is feasible in such challenging environments, thereby improving the timeliness and resolution of the data collected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Falzon
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. .,International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Joseph G Ogola
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.,Veterinary Department, Bungoma County Government, Bungoma, Kenya
| | | | | | - Eric M Fèvre
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. .,International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - John Berezowski
- Veterinary Public Health Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Abuzerr S, Zinszer K, Assan A. Implementation challenges of an integrated One Health surveillance system in humanitarian settings: A qualitative study in Palestine. SAGE Open Med 2021; 9:20503121211043038. [PMID: 34504706 PMCID: PMC8422815 DOI: 10.1177/20503121211043038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Several factors have changed interactions between people, animals, plants, and the environment - renewing the relevance of the One Health surveillance system in the fight against zoonotic diseases such as COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to explore barriers to implementing an integrated One Health surveillance system in Palestine. Methods This qualitative study was conducted from April 2020 until August 2020. Data were collected using semi-structured interview guides. Seven key stakeholders were interviewed during data collection. A thematic analysis was performed. Results Four overarching themes emerged explaining barriers to integrated implementation of the One Health surveillance system. They are lack of policy coherence, limited financial resources, poor governance and leadership, and lack of One Health training programmes. Conclusion Improved understanding of the transmission and effective control (including One Health approach) of zoonotic disease and better governance and leadership are critical in the diseases that threaten public health, such as the COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Abuzerr
- Visiting Scholar with the School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Quality Improvement and Infection Control Unit, Ministry of Health, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Kate Zinszer
- School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Abraham Assan
- Global Policy and Advocacy Network (GLOOPLAN), Accra, Ghana
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14
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Hermesh B, Rosenthal A, Davidovitch N. The cycle of distrust in health policy and behavior: Lessons learned from the Negev Bedouin. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237734. [PMID: 32817681 PMCID: PMC7446867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Over the last decades, health systems worldwide have faced a decline in public trust. For marginalized minority populations, who generally suffer from poverty and political exclusion, the roots of this trend go much deeper, establishing a state of bi-directional distrust between them and health institutions. Although studied to a lesser extent compared to trust, distrust does impede health initiatives, such as infectious diseases prevention programs, mostly of so-called Neglected Zoonotic Diseases (NZDs). Where distrust prevails, even trust building actions such as defining rights and obligations, prioritizing “the greater good” and increasing transparency, are prone to failure. In this study, we deepen the understanding of the concept of distrust through a unique case study of Brucellosis, a prevalent bacterial zoonotic disease endemic to disadvantaged Bedouin communities in southern Israel. Methods In the years 2015–2019, we qualitatively studied socio-political aspects in a governmental Brucellosis control campaign in southern Israel. We used in-depth interviews with 38 governmental and private health workers, agriculture and nature preservation workers, livestock owners and community leaders. Further, we conducted participant observation in 10 livestock pens and in policymaking meetings, and collected policy and media documents in order to triangulate the results. Results We conceptualize three different types of distrust between authorities and marginalized communities—“intention-based distrust”, “values-based distrust” and “circular distrust”—to better explain how distrust originates and reinforces itself, reproducing the endemicity of NZDs. Based on that, we portray a practical framework to reduce distrust in health policies, by reframing local discourses, reshaping disease monitoring schemes from enforcement-based to participation-based, and promoting political inclusion of disadvantaged communities. Conclusions The suggested analysis and framework redirect health policy objectives to not only acknowledge, contain and reduce the consequences of distrust, but also to strive for societal justice as a tool for health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barak Hermesh
- Department of Health Systems Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
- * E-mail:
| | - Anat Rosenthal
- Department of Health Systems Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Nadav Davidovitch
- Department of Health Systems Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
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15
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Harrison S, Kivuti-Bitok L, Macmillan A, Priest P. EcoHealth and One Health: A theory-focused review in response to calls for convergence. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 132:105058. [PMID: 31473414 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND EcoHealth and One Health are two major approaches broadly aimed at understanding the links between human, animal, and environment health. There have been increasing calls for convergence between the two. If convergence is desired, greater clarity regarding the underlying theoretical assumptions of both approaches is required. This would also support integrated research to effectively address complex health issues at the human, animal and environment interface. To better understand the areas of overlap and alignment, we systematically compared and contrasted the theoretical assumptions of both approaches. OBJECTIVES We aimed to gain a more in-depth understanding of the ontological, epistemological and methodological underpinnings of EcoHealth and One Health in order to identify areas of difference and overlap, and consider the extent to which closer convergence between the two may be possible. METHODS We undertook a scoping review of literature about the ontological, epistemological and methodological positions of EcoHealth and One Health, and analyzed these according to Lincoln, Lynham and Guba's paradigm framework. RESULTS EcoHealth and One Health are both collaborative, systems-focused approaches at the human, animal, and ecosystem health interface. EcoHealth typically leans towards constructivist-leaning assumptions. Many consider this a necessary aspiration for One Health. However, in practice One Health remains dominated by the veterinary and medical disciplines that emphasize positivist-leaning assumptions. DISCUSSION The aspirations of EcoHealth and One Health appear to overlap at the conceptual level, and may well warrant closer convergence. However, further shared discussions about their epistemological and ontological assumptions are needed to reconcile important theoretical differences, and to better guide scopes of practice. Critical realism may be a crucial theoretical meeting point. Systems thinking methods (with critical realist underpinnings), such as system dynamics modelling, are potentially useful methodologies for supporting convergent practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Harrison
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand.
| | - Lucy Kivuti-Bitok
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Alexandra Macmillan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Patricia Priest
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
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16
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Falzon LC, Alumasa L, Amanya F, Kang'ethe E, Kariuki S, Momanyi K, Muinde P, Murungi MK, Njoroge SM, Ogendo A, Ogola J, Rushton J, Woolhouse MEJ, Fèvre EM. One Health in Action: Operational Aspects of an Integrated Surveillance System for Zoonoses in Western Kenya. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:252. [PMID: 31417918 PMCID: PMC6684786 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Surveillance of diseases in Kenya and elsewhere in East Africa is currently carried out by both human and animal health sectors. However, a recent evaluation highlighted the lack of integration between these sectors, leading to disease under-reporting and inefficiencies. This project aimed to develop an integrated and cost-effective surveillance and reporting system for 15 zoonotic diseases piloted in the counties of Bungoma, Busia, and Kakamega in western Kenya. Specifically, in this paper we describe the operational aspects of such a surveillance system. Interviews were carried out with key informants, and this was followed by field visits to identify sentinel sites and liaise with relevant stakeholders. Based on this information, a sampling strategy comprising 12 sentinel sites, 4 in each county, was developed. Each sentinel site comprised of a livestock market, 1-2 neighboring slaughter houses/slabs, and a hospital in the vicinity; each of the 12 sites, comprising 12 × 3 = 36 sampling locations, was visited every 4 weeks for 20 cycles. At each site, animal or patient sampling included a clinical examination and collection of blood, feces, and nasal swabs; in slaughtered animals, mesenteric lymph nodes, hydatid cysts, and flukes were also collected. At the end of each field visit, data on staff involved and challenges encountered were recorded, while biological samples were processed and tested for 15 zoonotic diseases in the field laboratory in Busia, Kenya. Public engagement sessions were held at each sentinel site to share preliminary results and provide feedback to both stakeholders and study participants. A livestock market visit lasted just over 3 h, and the most common challenge was the frequent refusals of animal owners to participate in the study. At the slaughterhouses, visits lasted just under 4 h, and challenges included poorly engaged meat inspectors or slaughter processes that were too quick for sampling. Finally, the hospital visits lasted around 4 h, and the most frequent challenges included low patients turn-out, frequent staff turn-over leading to poor institutional memory, and difficulty in obtaining patient stool samples. Our experiences have highlighted the importance of engaging with local stakeholders in the field, while also providing timely feedback through public engagement sessions, to ensure on-going compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. Falzon
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lorren Alumasa
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Erastus Kang'ethe
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Kelvin Momanyi
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Patrick Muinde
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | - Allan Ogendo
- Veterinary Department, Busia County Government, Busia, Kenya
| | - Joseph Ogola
- Veterinary Department, Bungoma County Government, Bungoma, Kenya
| | - Jonathan Rushton
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mark E. J. Woolhouse
- Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution and Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Eric M. Fèvre
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
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17
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Qian YJ, Ding W, Wu WP, Bandikhuu A, Damdindorj T, Nyamdorj T, Bold B, Dorjsuren T, Sumiya G, Guan YY, Zhou XN, Li SZ, Don Eliseo LP. A path to cooperation between China and Mongolia towards the control of echinococcosis under the Belt and Road Initiative. Acta Trop 2019; 195:62-67. [PMID: 31009597 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Health is the core of development. Health cooperation between countries plays a pivotal role under the Belt and Road Initiative (B&R). In 2013, China launched its B&R to improve the international cooperation of which health was an important component. As one of the neglected zoonotic diseases, echinococcosis has become a public health concern and is on top of the government agenda among neglected zoonosis in Mongolia. The transmission of the disease involves animal husbandry, and its characteristics determine the prevention and control of such diseases which requires cross-sector collaboration and comprehensive prevention and control strategies. Taking echinococcosis as an entry point and adopting a 'Mongolia-led, China-supported, and results-sharing' approach to public health cooperation will not only contribute to the advancement of Mongolia's national health coverage, but also promoting China's capacity to engage in global health. In this way, it contributes to meeting the sustainable development goals, especially goal 3, target 3.3: by 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases. This paper provides an overview on how the cooperation between China and Mongolia under the context of B&R was initiated, planned and moved forward to implementation. The experience may provide a good model and inform policy and practice for other bilateral cooperations.
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18
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Bordier M, Delavenne C, Nguyen DTT, Goutard FL, Hendrikx P. One Health Surveillance: A Matrix to Evaluate Multisectoral Collaboration. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:109. [PMID: 31106210 PMCID: PMC6492491 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The international community and governmental organizations are actively calling for the implementation of One Health (OH) surveillance systems to target health hazards that involve humans, animals, and their environment. In our view, the main characteristic of a OH surveillance system is the collaboration across institutions and disciplines operating within the different sectors to plan, coordinate, and implement the surveillance process. However, the multisectoral organizational models and possible collaborative modalities implemented throughout the surveillance process are multi-fold and depend on the objective and context of the surveillance. The purpose of this study is to define a matrix to evaluate the quality and appropriateness of multisectoral collaboration through an in-depth analysis of its organization, implementation, and functions. We developed a first list of evaluation attributes based on (i) the characteristics of the organization, implementation, and functionality of multisectoral surveillance systems; and (ii) the existing attributes for the evaluation of health surveillance systems and OH initiatives. These attributes were submitted to two rounds of expert-opinion elicitation for review and validation. The final list of attributes consisted of 23 organizational attributes and 9 functional attributes, to which 3 organizational indexes were added measuring the overall organization of collaboration. We then defined 75 criteria to evaluate the level of satisfaction for the attributes and indexes. The criteria were scored following a four-tiered scoring grid. Graphical representations allowed for an easy overview of the evaluation results for both attributes and indexes. This evaluation matrix is the first to allow an in-depth analysis of collaboration in a multisectoral surveillance system and is the preliminary step toward the creation of a fully standalone tool for the evaluation of collaboration. After its practical application and adaptability to different contexts are field-tested, this tool could be very useful in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of collaboration occurring in a multisectoral surveillance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Bordier
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement, UMR ASTRE, Hanoi, Vietnam.,ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France.,National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Camille Delavenne
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement, UMR ASTRE, Hanoi, Vietnam.,National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dung Thuy Thi Nguyen
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Flavie Luce Goutard
- ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France.,CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pascal Hendrikx
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), UCAS, Lyon, France
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19
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Bordier M, Uea-Anuwong T, Binot A, Hendrikx P, Goutard FL. Characteristics of One Health surveillance systems: A systematic literature review. Prev Vet Med 2018; 181:104560. [PMID: 30528937 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The concept of One Health (OH) promotes the decompartmentalisation of human, animal, and ecosystem health for the more efficient and sustainable governance of complex health issues. This means that traditional boundaries between disciplines and sectors must be transgressed and that all relevant stakeholders must be involved in the definition and management of health problems. International efforts have been made to strengthen collaboration across sectors and disciplines and OH surveillance is strongly encouraged at global, national and local-level to efficiently manage hazards involving humans, animals and ecosystems. This concept is intuitively appealing and would suggest the enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness of surveillance systems, as compared to more conventional approaches. Nevertheless, confusion and uncertainty regarding the practical application, outcomes and impacts prevail. We believe that this is due to the lack of a conceptual and methodological framework which would (i) define the characteristics of OH surveillance, and (ii) identify the appropriate mechanisms for inter-sectoral and multi-disciplinary collaboration, to ensure that the surveillance system performs well, with regard to the objective, the context and the health hazard under surveillance. The objective of the study is to define the organisational and functional characteristics of OH surveillance systems, the context in which they are implemented, as well as the influential factors which may obstruct or support their implementation and performance. To achieve this, a systematic literature review of existing OH surveillance systems was conducted using the Prisma guidelines. The selected systems were assessed according to 38 predetermined variables. These allowed the characterisation of their objectives, organisation, functioning, performance and benefits. Data extraction was conducted using a spreadsheet and a database was built using an electronic multiple-choice questionnaire. The literature search identified a total of 1635 records. After the screening phase, 31 references were kept and 22 additional references retrieved from bibliographies were added. From these 53 selected documents, we retrieved 41 different surveillance systems in line with the definition proposed in this study. The analysis of this database enabled the identification of different dimensions and areas of collaboration. Barriers and levers for the implementation of OH surveillance systems were also identified and discussed. Based on our results, we propose a framework to characterise the organisation of collaboration for the governance and operation of an effective OH surveillance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Bordier
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR ASTRE, Hanoi, Viet Nam; ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France; National Institute of Veterinary Research (NIVR), 86 Truong Chinh, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Theethawat Uea-Anuwong
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand; Kasetsart University, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, 50 Phaholyothin Rd., Ladyao, Jatujak, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand.
| | - Aurélie Binot
- ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, ASTRE, Campus international de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier cedex 05, France.
| | - Pascal Hendrikx
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), UCAS, 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69394 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
| | - Flavie L Goutard
- ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand; Kasetsart University, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, 50 Phaholyothin Rd., Ladyao, Jatujak, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand.
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20
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Mohd Ali MR, Mohamad Safiee AW, Yusof NY, Fauzi MH, Yean Yean C, Ismail N. Isolation of Leptospira kmetyi from residential areas of patients with leptospirosis in Kelantan, Malaysia. J Infect Public Health 2017; 11:578-580. [PMID: 29277333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental sampling provides important information that enhances the understanding of the leptospiral human-environment-animal relationship. Several studies have described the distribution of Leptospira in the environment. However, more targeted sites, that is, areas surrounding leptospirosis patients' houses, remain under-explored. Therefore, this study aims to detect the presence of Leptospira spp. in the residential areas of patients with leptospirosis. METHODS Soil and water samples near leptospirosis patients' residences were collected, processed and cultured into EMJH media. Partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to confirm the identity of Leptospira. RESULTS EMJH culture and partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed predominant growth of pathogenic Leptospira kmetyi (17%, n=7/42). All tested locations had at least one Leptospira sp., mostly from the soil samples. CONCLUSION More than one species of Leptospira may be present in a sampling area. The most common environmental isolates were pathogenic L. kmetyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad R Mohd Ali
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, School of Medical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Secretariat National Institutes of Health (NIH), Ministry of Health Malaysia, c/o Institut Pengurusan Kesihatan, Jalan Rumah Sakit Bangsar, 59000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Amira W Mohamad Safiee
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, School of Medical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Nik Y Yusof
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, School of Medical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd H Fauzi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Chan Yean Yean
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, School of Medical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Nabilah Ismail
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, School of Medical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Hartnack S, Alobo G, Kankya C. Toxocariasis in Africa: A One Health perspective. Travel Med Infect Dis 2017; 20:3-4. [PMID: 29128441 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Hartnack
- Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 270, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Grace Alobo
- Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, Uganda Queen's lane, Kampala, Uganda; Department Biosecurity Ecosystems and Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062 Kampala, Uganda
| | - Clovice Kankya
- Department Biosecurity Ecosystems and Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062 Kampala, Uganda
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22
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Godfroid J. Brucellosis in livestock and wildlife: zoonotic diseases without pandemic potential in need of innovative one health approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 75:34. [PMID: 28904791 PMCID: PMC5592711 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-017-0207-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human brucellosis remains the commonest zoonotic disease worldwide with more than 500 000 new cases annually. Understanding the biology of Brucella infections and the transmission patterns at the wildlife/livestock/human interface is of paramount importance before implementing any brucellosis control or eradication program in animals, even more so should interventions be justified within One Health. In addition to calling for transdisciplinary collaboration, One Health formally aims to conserve the environment and to promote the well-being of animals. In this opinion paper, the One Health approach of brucellosis is reviewed in the industrialized and the low and middle income countries, highlighting pitfalls and shortcomings of serological studies and discussing the role of urban and peri-urban farming for the re-emergence of brucellosis in the developing world. The role of wildlife as a potential reservoir is highlighted and different management strategies are discussed. Lastly, beyond its role in the control of brucellosis, the ethical dimension of culling wildlife to control disease emergence or spill-back of infections in livestock is discussed. Core transdisciplinary competencies such as values and ethics are critically important in guiding the development of One Health curricula and in continuing professional education, as they describe the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to be effective. A conceptual framework needs to be developed from inception to knowledge translation. Importantly, transdisciplinary competencies should be developed as an adjunct to discipline-specific areas of expertise, not as a replacement. A profound understanding of the biology of infectious agents is and will always remain a pre-requisite for any sound One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Godfroid
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Research Group of Arctic Infection Biology, University of Tromsø - the Arctic University of Norway, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, Langnes, Postbox 6050, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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