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Saha S, Costa RC, Silva MC, Fonseca-Santos JM, Chen L, Phakatkar AH, Bhatia H, Faverani LP, Barão VA, Shokuhfar T, Sukotjo C, Takoudis C. Collagen membrane functionalized with magnesium oxide via room-temperature atomic layer deposition promotes osteopromotive and antimicrobial properties. Bioact Mater 2023; 30:46-61. [PMID: 37521273 PMCID: PMC10382637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial bone grafting materials such as collagen are gaining interest due to the ease of production and implantation. However, collagen must be supplemented with additional coating materials for improved osteointegration. Here, we report room-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of MgO, a novel method to coat collagen membranes with MgO. Characterization techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron beam dispersion mapping confirm the chemical nature of the film. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopies show the surface topography and morphology of the collagen fibers were not altered during the ALD of MgO. Slow release of magnesium ions promotes bone growth, and we show the deposited MgO film leaches trace amounts of Mg when incubated in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 °C. The coated collagen membrane had a superhydrophilic surface immediately after the deposition of MgO. The film was not toxic to human cells and demonstrated antibacterial properties against bacterial biofilms. Furthermore, in vivo studies performed on calvaria rats showed MgO-coated membranes (200 and 500 ALD) elicit a higher inflammatory response, leading to an increase in angiogenesis and a greater bone formation, mainly for Col-MgO500, compared to uncoated collagen. Based on the characterization of the MgO film and in vitro and in vivo data, the MgO-coated collagen membranes are excellent candidates for guided bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Saha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Raphael Cavalcante Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirela Caroline Silva
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Matheus Fonseca-Santos
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Periodontics, Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Abhijit H. Phakatkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Harshdeep Bhatia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Leonardo P. Faverani
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valentim A.R. Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tolou Shokuhfar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, USA
| | - Christos Takoudis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
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Palai D, Siva Prasad P, Satpathy B, Das S, Das K. Development of Zn-2Cu- xMn/Mg Alloys for Orthopedic Applications: Mechanical Performance to In Vitro Degradation under Different Physiological Environments. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:6058-6083. [PMID: 37774322 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) and its alloys are considered futuristic biodegradable materials for their acceptable mechanical properties, suitable corrosion rate, and good biocompatibility. In this study, we report newly developed biodegradable Zn-2Cu-xMn/Mg (x = 0, 0.1, and 0.5) alloys, aiming to achieve good mechanical strength with excellent elongation, desirable wear resistance, and suitable corrosion rate. The effect of Mn/Mg addition on the structural, mechanical, wear, and degradation behaviors of the Zn-2Cu-xMn/Mg alloys was thoroughly investigated. Degradation and tribological behaviors of the alloys were explored in the presence of simulated body fluid (SBF), Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM), and DMEM with a 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) solution. Alloy elements and hot rolling improve their mechanical properties significantly due to precipitation hardening, grain refinement, and solid solution strengthening owing to the formation of MnZn13 and Mg2Zn11 phases. Among all the alloys, the Zn-2Cu-0.5Mn alloy achieved the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of ∼405 MPa and yield strength (YS) of ∼293 MPa with an excellent elongation of ∼51%. The corrosion behavior of the alloys as determined by a potentiodynamic polarization study under different solutions follows the sequence Zn-2Cu < Zn-2Cu-0.5Mn < Zn-2Cu-0.1Mn < Zn-2Cu-0.1Mg < Zn-2Cu-0.5Mg. The corrosion rate by immersion testing for 30 and 90 days also follows the same sequence. The corrosion rate in different solutions follows the order SBF > DMEM + 10%FBS > DMEM. The addition of Mn/Mg also improves the wear resistance and slows the wear rate under wet conditions. The bending test results also indicate the highest bending strength of ∼375 MPa for the Zn-2Cu-0.5Mn alloy, among all the alloys. The bending and tensile strengths deteriorate continuously after the immersion for 30 and 90 days in the solution of SBF, DMEM, and DMEM + 10%FBS. Therefore, the Zn-2Cu-xMn/Mg (x = 0.1 and 0.5) alloys can be considered potential biodegradable implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debajyoti Palai
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - P Siva Prasad
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Bangmaya Satpathy
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Siddhartha Das
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Karabi Das
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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van Gaalen K, Quinn C, Weiler M, Gremse F, Benn F, McHugh PE, Vaughan TJ, Kopp A. Predicting localised corrosion and mechanical performance of a PEO surface modified rare earth magnesium alloy for implant use through in-silico modelling. Bioact Mater 2023; 26:437-451. [PMID: 36993789 PMCID: PMC10040519 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the influence of a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) surface treatment on a medical-grade WE43-based magnesium alloy is examined through an experimental and computational framework that considers the effects of localised corrosion features and mechanical properties throughout the corrosion process. First, a comprehensive in-vitro immersion study was performed on WE43-based tensile specimens with and without PEO surface modification, which included fully automated spatial reconstruction of the phenomenological features of corrosion through micro-CT scanning, followed by uniaxial tensile testing. Then the experimental data of both unmodified and PEO-modified groups were used to calibrate parameters of a finite element-based surface corrosion model. In-vitro, it was found that the WE43-PEO modified group had a significantly lower corrosion rate and maintained significantly higher mechanical properties than the unmodified. While corrosion rates were ∼50% lower in the WE43-PEO modified specimens, the local geometric features of corroding surfaces remained similar to the unmodified WE43 group, however evolving after almost the double amount of time. We were also able to quantitatively demonstrate that the PEO surface treatment on magnesium continued to protect samples from corrosion throughout the entire period tested, and not just in the early stages of corrosion. Using the results from the testing framework, the model parameters of the surface-based corrosion model were identified for both groups. This enabled, for the first time, in-silico prediction of the physical features of corrosion and the mechanical performance of both unmodified and PEO modified magnesium specimens. This simulation framework can enable future in-silico design and optimisation of bioabsorbable magnesium devices for load-bearing medical applications. Examination of corrosion morphology and mechanics of PEO modified WE43. Automated phenomenological tracking of corrosion features by PitScan. Corrosion model of unmodified WE43 and WE43 PEO modified. Calibration through geometrical features and mechanical parameters followed. PEO treatment does not influence the severity of localised corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin van Gaalen
- Biomechanics Research Centre (BioMEC), Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Meotec GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Conall Quinn
- Biomechanics Research Centre (BioMEC), Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Marek Weiler
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Gremse
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Gremse-IT GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Benn
- Meotec GmbH, Aachen, Germany
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Peter E. McHugh
- Biomechanics Research Centre (BioMEC), Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ted J. Vaughan
- Biomechanics Research Centre (BioMEC), Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Corresponding author. Biomechanics Research Centre (BioMEC), Biomedical Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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Zhou X, Lai C, Almatrafi E, Liu S, Yan H, Qian S, Li H, Qin L, Yi H, Fu Y, Li L, Zhang M, Xu F, Zeng Z, Zeng G. Unveiling the roles of dissolved organic matters derived from different biochar in biochar/persulfate system: Mechanism and toxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161062. [PMID: 36565867 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been frequently used as a persulfate (PS) activator due to its attractive properties, but dissolved organic matter (DOM) derived from the non‑carbonized part of biochar has received less attention, not to mention its specific role and impact in biochar/PS systems. In this study, wheat straw, municipal sludge, and swine bone were selected as the representative feed stocks of biochar. Subsequently, these three types of biochar were adopted to explore the roles of DOM in biochar/PS systems. Although the composition and amount of DOM derived from different biochar were discrepant, they exhibited similar effect in biochar/PS systems. To be specific, the pore-clogging effect of DOM on biochar suppressed the adsorption capacity and catalytic performance of the three biochar. Furthermore, the removal of DOM decreased the environmental risk of these biochar/PS systems and enhanced the stability of the involved biochar. With respect to the variation in degradation mechanism, the removal of DOM increased the proportion of electron transfer pathway in unison, but the diminution in the roles of O2•¯ and 1O2 was more remarkable in bone-derived-biochar/PS systems. Additionally, the toxicity test illustrated that the leakage and accumulation of DOM were toxic to Chlorella sp., and the DOM from sludge-derived-biochar presented the highest toxicity. Overall, this study analyzes the roles of DOM derived from different biochar in biochar/PS systems and evaluates their environmental risk, which contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the fate of DOM derived from biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cui Lai
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eydhah Almatrafi
- Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shiyu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huchuan Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Shixian Qian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Hanxi Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lei Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huan Yi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yukui Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Fuhang Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhuotong Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Guangming Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Alawad MO, Alateyah AI, El-Garaihy WH, BaQais A, Elkatatny S, Kouta H, Kamel M, El-Sanabary S. Optimizing the ECAP Parameters of Biodegradable Mg-Zn-Zr Alloy Based on Experimental, Mathematical Empirical, and Response Surface Methodology. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7719. [PMID: 36363310 PMCID: PMC9657811 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Experimental investigations were conducted on Mg-3Zn-0.6Zr alloy under different ECAP conditions of number of passes, die angles, and processing route types, aimed at investigating the impact of the ECAP parameters on the microstructure evolution, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties to reach optimum performance characteristics. To that end, the response surface methodology (RSM), analysis of variance, second-order regression models, genetic algorithm (GA), and a hybrid RSM-GA were utilized in the experimental study to determine the optimum ECAP processing parameters. All of the anticipated outcomes were within a very small margin of the actual experimental findings, indicating that the regression model was adequate and could be used to predict the optimization of ECAP parameters. According to the results of the experiments, route Bc is the most efficient method for refining grains. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results showed that the 4-passes of route Bc via the 120°-die exhibited higher corrosion resistance. Still, the potentiodynamic polarization results showed that the 4-passes of route Bc via the 90°-die demonstrated a better corrosion rate. Furthermore, the highest Vicker's microhardness, yield strength, and tensile strength were also disclosed by four passes of route Bc, whereas the best ductility at fracture was demonstrated by two passes of route C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed O. Alawad
- Materials Science Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman I. Alateyah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah 56452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed H. El-Garaihy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah 56452, Saudi Arabia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Amal BaQais
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sally Elkatatny
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Hanan Kouta
- Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Port Said University, Port Fuad 42526, Egypt
| | - Mokhtar Kamel
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Samar El-Sanabary
- Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Port Said University, Port Fuad 42526, Egypt
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Zhang Y, Cao J, Lu M, Shao Y, Jiang K, Yang X, Xiong X, Wang S, Chu C, Xue F, Ye Y, Bai J. A biodegradable magnesium surgical staple for colonic anastomosis: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Bioact Mater 2022; 22:225-238. [PMID: 36254273 PMCID: PMC9550537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Staplers have been widely used in the clinical treatment of gastrointestinal reconstruction. However, the current titanium (Ti) staple will remain in the human body permanently, resulting in some adverse effects. In this study, we developed a type of biodegradable staple for colonic anastomosis using 0.3 mm diameter magnesium (Mg) alloy wires. The wire surface was modified by micro-arc oxidation treatment (MAO) and then coated with poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) to achieve a moderate degradation rate matching the tissue healing process. The results of tensile tests on isolated porcine colon tissue anastomosed by Mg and Ti staples showed that the anastomotic property of Mg staples was almost equal to that of Ti staples. The in vitro degradation tests indicated the dual-layer coating effectively enhanced the corrosion resistance and maintained the tensile force of the coated staple stable after 14-day immersion in the simulated colonic fluid (SCF). Furthermore, 24 beagle dogs were employed to conduct a comparison experiment using Mg-based and clinical Ti staples for 90-day implantation by ent-to-side anastomosis of the colon. The integrated structure of Mg-based staples was observed after 7 days and completely degraded after 90 days. All animals did not have anastomotic leakage and stenosis, and 12 dogs with Mg-based staples fully recovered after 90 days without differences in visceral ion levels and other side effects. The favorable performance makes this Mg-based anastomotic staple an ideal candidate for colon reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China,Institute of Biomedical Devices (Suzhou), Southeast University, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Mengmeng Lu
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yi Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China,Institute of Biomedical Devices (Suzhou), Southeast University, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Kewei Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Chenglin Chu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China,Institute of Biomedical Devices (Suzhou), Southeast University, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Yingjiang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Jing Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China,Institute of Biomedical Devices (Suzhou), Southeast University, Suzhou, 215163, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Light Metal Alloys, Nanjing, 211212, China,Corresponding author. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
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Alateyah AI, Alawad MO, Aljohani TA, El-Garaihy WH. Effect of ECAP Route Type on the Microstructural Evolution, Crystallographic Texture, Electrochemical Behavior and Mechanical Properties of ZK30 Biodegradable Magnesium Alloy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6088. [PMID: 36079470 PMCID: PMC9457749 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, billets of the ZK30 (Mg-3Zn-0.6 Zr-0.4 Mn, wt%) alloy were Equal Channel Angle Pressing (ECAP) processed for up to four passes of routes Bc (with rotating the sample 90° in the same direction between the subsequent passes), A (without sample rotation), and C (with sample rotating 180°) after each pass at a temperature of 250 °C and a ram speed of 10 mm/min using a die with an internal channel angle of 90°. The microstructural evolution and the crystallographic texture were investigated using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equipped with the Electron Back-Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) technique. Corrosion measurements were conducted in ringer lactate which is a simulated body fluid. The Vickers microhardness test and tensile tests were conducted for the alloy before and after processing. The as-annealed billets exhibited a bimodal structure as fine grains (more than 3.39 µm) coexisted with almost-equiaxed coarse grains (less than 76.73 µm); the average grain size was 26.69 µm. Further processing until four passes resulted in enhanced grain refinement and full Dynamic Recrystallization (DRX). ECAP processing through 4-Bc, 4-A, and 4-C exhibited significant reductions in grain size until they reached 1.94 µm, 2.89 µm, and 2.25 µm, respectively. Four-pass processing also resulted in the transformation of low-angle grain boundaries into high-angle grain boundaries. The previous conclusion was drawn from observing the simultaneous decrease in the fraction of low-angle grain boundaries and an increase in the fraction of high-angle grain boundaries. The pole figures revealed that 4-Bc, 4-A, and 4-C reduced the maximum texture intensity of the as-annealed billets. The potentiodynamic polarization findings revealed that route Bc is the most effective route in improving the corrosion rate, whereas the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) revealed that routes A and Bc improved the corrosion resistance with nearly identical values. Finally, 4-Bc resulted in the highest increase in Vickers hardness, yield stress, and ultimate tensile strength with values of 80.8%, 19.3%, and 44.5%, alongside a 31% improvement in ductility, all compared to the AA condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman I. Alateyah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah 56452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed O. Alawad
- Materials Science Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal A. Aljohani
- Materials Science Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed H. El-Garaihy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah 56452, Saudi Arabia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Alateyah AI, Alawad MO, Aljohani TA, El-Garaihy WH. Influence of Ultrafine-Grained Microstructure and Texture Evolution of ECAPed ZK30 Magnesium Alloy on the Corrosion Behavior in Different Corrosive Agents. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15165515. [PMID: 36013656 PMCID: PMC9410329 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium-Zinc-Zirconium (Mg-Zn-Zr) alloys have caught considerable attention in medical applications where biodegradability is critical. The combination of their good biocompatibility, improved strength, and low cytotoxicity makes them great candidates for medical implants. This research investigation is focused on providing further insight into the effects of equal channel angular processing (ECAP) on the corrosion behavior, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties of a biodegradable ZK30 alloy. Billets of Mg-3Zn-0.6 Zr (ZK30) alloy were processed through ECAP up to 4 passes of route Bc (rotating the billets 90° in the same direction between the subsequent passes) at 250 °C. Electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) was utilized to investigate the microstructural evolution as well as the crystallographic texture. Several electrochemical measurements were carried out on both a simulated body fluid and a 3.5% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. Mechanical properties such as Vicker's hardness and tensile properties were also assessed. The as-annealed (AA) microstructure was dominated by equiaxed coarse recrystallized grains with an average grain size of 26.69 µm. After processing, a geometric grain subdivision took place due to the severe plastic deformation. Processed samples were characterized by grain refinement and high density of substructures. The 4-passes sample experienced a reduction in the grain size by 92.8% compared with its AA counterpart. The fraction of high-angle grain boundaries increased significantly after 4-passes compared to the 1-pass processed sample. With regards to the crystallographic texture, the AA condition had its {0001} basal planes mostly oriented parallel to the transversal direction. On the other hand, ECAP processing resulted in crystallographic texture changes, such as the shifting of the ZK30 shear plane to be aligned at 45° relative to the extrusion direction (ED). Furthermore, the maximum texture intensity was reduced from 14 times random (AA billets) to 8 times random after ECAP processing through 4-passes. The corrosion rate of the 4-passes sample was tremendously reduced by 99% and 45.25% compared with its AA counterpart in the simulated body fluid and the NaCl solution, respectively. The pitting corrosion resistance of ZK30 showed notable improvements in the simulated body fluid by 471.66% and 352% during processing through 1-pass and 4-passes, respectively, compared with the 3.5% NaCl findings. Finally, significant improvements in the tensile strength, hardness, and ductility were also achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman I. Alateyah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah 56452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.I.A.); (W.H.E.-G.); Tel.: +966-055-313-3322 (A.I.A.)
| | - Majed O. Alawad
- Materials Science Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal A. Aljohani
- Materials Science Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed H. El-Garaihy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah 56452, Saudi Arabia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.I.A.); (W.H.E.-G.); Tel.: +966-055-313-3322 (A.I.A.)
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9
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Surface Modification of WE43 Magnesium Alloys with Dopamine Hydrochloride Modified GelMA Coatings. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12081074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
As biodegradable medical implants, magnesium alloys have attracted great concerns due to their desirable biological and mechanical performances. Nevertheless, the overfast degradation rate of magnesium alloys makes it difficult to make full use of their potential in medical sciences. Therefore, it is a hot issue to control the degradation rate and functionalize the magnesium alloys via surface modifications. Herein, methacrylate gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel was adopted as coatings on the surface of WE43 magnesium alloys to control the degradation behaviors of magnesium alloys. Inspired by mussels, dopamine (DOPA) hydrochloride was adopted to modify GelMA to further functionalize the coatings. The compositions, swelling properties, degradation behaviors, and morphologies of samples were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and immersion test. It was shown that GelMA-DOPA composites could be obtained and the swelling and degradation behaviors of magnesium alloys could be controlled by adjusting the compositions of GelMA and DOPA. Furthermore, the GelMA-DOPA hydrogel coatings can be tightly bonded to the Mg alloys.
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10
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Potential bioactive coating system for high-performance absorbable magnesium bone implants. Bioact Mater 2022; 12:42-63. [PMID: 35087962 PMCID: PMC8777287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are considered the most suitable absorbable metals for bone fracture fixation implants. The main challenge in absorbable magnesium alloys is their high corrosion/degradation rate that needs to be controlled. Various coatings have been applied to magnesium alloys to slow down their corrosion rates to match their corrosion rate to the regeneration rate of the bone fracture. In this review, a bioactive coating is proposed to slow down the corrosion rate of magnesium alloys and accelerate the bone fracture healing process. The main aim of the bioactive coatings is to enhance the direct attachment of living tissues and thereby facilitate osteoconduction. Hydroxyapatite, collagen type I, recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins 2, simvastatin, zoledronate, and strontium are six bioactive agents that show high potential for developing a bioactive coating system for high-performance absorbable magnesium bone implants. In addition to coating, the substrate itself can be made bioactive by alloying magnesium with calcium, zinc, copper, and manganese that were found to promote bone regeneration. Bioactive-coated magnesium implant could accelerate bone fracture healing time to match with magnesium degradation. Hydroxyapatite, collagen type I, recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins 2, simvastatin, zoledronate, and strontium are high potential bioactive coating materials. The incorporation of Ca, Zn, Cu, Sr, and Mn in Mg base-metal could further enhance bone formation.
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11
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Yan R, Li J, Wu Q, Zhang X, Hu L, Deng Y, Jiang R, Wen J, Jiang X. Trace Element-Augmented Titanium Implant With Targeted Angiogenesis and Enhanced Osseointegration in Osteoporotic Rats. Front Chem 2022; 10:839062. [PMID: 35273950 PMCID: PMC8902677 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.839062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deteriorated bone quality in osteoporosis challenges the success of implants, which are in urgent need for better early osseointegration as well as antibacterial property for long-term stability. As osteoporotic bone formation tangles with angiogenic clues, the relationship between osteogenesis and angiogenesis has been a novel therapy target for osteoporosis. However, few designs of implant coatings take the compromised osteoporotic angiogenic microenvironment into consideration. Here, we investigated the angiogenic effects of bioactive strontium ions of different doses in HUVECs only and in a co-culture system with BMSCs. A proper dose of strontium ions (0.2–1 mM) could enhance the secretion of VEGFA and Ang-1 in HUVECs as well as in the co-culture system with BMSCs, exhibiting potential to create an angiogenic microenvironment in the early stage that would be beneficial to osteogenesis. Based on the dose screening, we fabricated a bioactive titanium surface doped with zinc and different doses of strontium by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), for the establishment of a microenvironment favoring osseointegration for osteoporosis. The dual bioactive elements augmented titanium surfaces induced robust osteogenic differentiation, and enhanced antimicrobial properties. Augmented titanium implant surfaces exhibited improved bone formation and bone–implant contact under comprehensive assessment of an in vivo bone–implant interface. In conclusion, zinc- and strontium-augmented titanium surface benefits the osseointegration in osteoporosis via promoting osteogenic differentiation, exerting antibacterial efficacy, and stimulating early angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Yan
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qianju Wu
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiangkai Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Longwei Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jin Wen, ; Xinquan Jiang,
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jin Wen, ; Xinquan Jiang,
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12
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Cao Z, Li L, Yang L, Yao L, Wang H, Yu X, Shen X, Yao L, Wu G. Osteoinduction Evaluation of Fluorinated Hydroxyapatite and Tantalum Composite Coatings on Magnesium Alloys. Front Chem 2021; 9:727356. [PMID: 34557474 PMCID: PMC8453011 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.727356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) alloys have a wide range of biomaterial applications, but their lack of biocompatibility and osteoinduction property impedes osteointegration. In order to enhance the bioactivity of Mg alloy, a composite coating of fluorinated hydroxyapatite (FHA) and tantalum (Ta) was first developed on the surface of the alloy through thermal synthesis and magnetron sputtering technologies in this study. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and water contact angle measurement (WCA), which characterized the surface alternation and confirmed the deposition of the target FHA/Ta coating. The results of cell morphology showed that the MC3T3-E1 cells on the surface of Mg/FHA/Ta samples had the largest spreading area and lamellipodia. Moreover, the FHA coating endowed the surface with superior cell viability and osteogenic properties, while Ta coating played a more important role in osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, the combination of FHA and Ta coatings could synergistically promote biological functions, thus providing a novel strategy for implant design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Cao
- Department of Dentistry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dentistry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam Movement Science (AMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU), Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam (UvA) and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Linjun Yang
- Department of Dentistry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - LiLi Yao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam Movement Science (AMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Xiaoyang Yu
- Department of Dentistry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinkun Shen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Litao Yao
- Department of Dentistry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam Movement Science (AMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU), Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam (UvA) and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam Movement Science (AMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU), Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam (UvA) and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU), Amsterdam, Netherlands
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13
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Merlo JL, Katunar MR, Tano de la Hoz MF, Carrizo S, Salemme Alonso L, Otaz MA, Ballarre J, Ceré S. Short-Term In Vivo Response to Anodized Magnesium Alloy as a Biodegradable Material for Bone Fracture Fixation Devices. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:7123-7133. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julieta L. Merlo
- Applied Electrochemistry Division, Materials Science and Technology Research Institute (INTEMA), CONICET-University of Mar del Plata, Colon 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - María R. Katunar
- Applied Electrochemistry Division, Materials Science and Technology Research Institute (INTEMA), CONICET-University of Mar del Plata, Colon 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Tano de la Hoz
- Applied Electrochemistry Division, Materials Science and Technology Research Institute (INTEMA), CONICET-University of Mar del Plata, Colon 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Sabrina Carrizo
- Applied Electrochemistry Division, Materials Science and Technology Research Institute (INTEMA), CONICET-University of Mar del Plata, Colon 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | | | - María A. Otaz
- Otaz Veterinary, Gral. Mariano Necochea 826, Hurlingham 1686, Argentina
| | - Josefina Ballarre
- Applied Electrochemistry Division, Materials Science and Technology Research Institute (INTEMA), CONICET-University of Mar del Plata, Colon 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Silvia Ceré
- Applied Electrochemistry Division, Materials Science and Technology Research Institute (INTEMA), CONICET-University of Mar del Plata, Colon 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
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14
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Microroughness induced biomimetic coating for biodegradation control of magnesium. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 121:111811. [PMID: 33579455 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein we explore a combination of anodization induced micro-roughness and biomimetic coating on pure magnesium (Mg) metal at different applied voltages to control adhesion, biodegradation, and corrosion performance in simulated body fluid solution. The anodic film was fabricated using two different potentials, 3 and 5 V, respectively, to create microroughness on the Mg surface. The microroughened Mg surface was subsequently coated with a biomimetic silk thin film; and the characteristics of the treated Mg-substrates were evaluated using various spectroscopic, microscopic, immersion, and electrochemical techniques. A number of independent measurements, including hydrogen evolution, weight loss and electrochemical methods were employed to assess the corrosion characteristics. The silk-coated anodized samples revealed dramatically reduced degradation rate in terms of volume of hydrogen gas generation and weight loss compared to the respective anodized but uncoated, which revealed that optimized biomimetic silk-coated Mg surface (anodized at 5 V and subsequently biomimetic silk-coated ANMg5V) exhibited the best corrosion performance among all other tested samples. The ANMg5V Silk showed the highest polarization resistance (46.12 kΩ·cm2), protection efficiency (>0.99) and lowest corrosion rate (only 0.017 mm/year) relative to untreated Mg (8.457 mm/year), and anodized Mg (1.039 for anodized at 3 V and 0.986 for anodized at 5 V) surface due to the formation of a pore-free dense biomimetic protective film over Mg surface. The results of the cytotoxicity test confirm that silk-coated samples are significantly less cytotoxic compared to bare and anodized Mg samples. With enhanced corrosion resistance and cytocompatibility, silk-coated Mg could be a potential material for clinical applications.
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15
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Weng W, Wu W, Yu X, Sun M, Lin Z, Ibrahim M, Yang H. Effect of GelMA Hydrogel Coatings on Corrosion Resistance and Biocompatibility of MAO-Coated Mg Alloys. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3834. [PMID: 32872664 PMCID: PMC7503508 DOI: 10.3390/ma13173834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) treatment is a simple and effective technique to improve the corrosion resistance for magnesium alloys. However, the presence of micro-pores and cracks on the coatings provides paths for corrosive ions to penetrate into and react with the substrate, limiting the long-term corrosion resistance. In this paper, we designed a composite coating with which GelMA hydrogel coatings with varying thicknesses were prepared on the surface of MAO-coated magnesium alloys via a dip-coating method, aiming to improve the biocorrosion resistance and biocompatibility. The surface morphology, the chemical composition of GelMA hydrogels, and the crystallographic structure of magnesium alloys were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of all samples were evaluated through electrochemical and biological experiments. The results demonstrated that the addition of GelMA hydrogel could effectively seal the pores and improve the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of MAO-coated magnesium alloys, especially for the sample with one layer of GelMA hydrogel, showing high cell proliferation rate, and its current density (Icorr) was two orders of magnitude lower than that of the MAO coating. Besides, the balance mechanism between corrosion and protection was proposed. As a result, the GelMA hydrogel coatings are beneficial to the application of MAO-coated magnesium alloys in bone tissue engineering and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxian Weng
- School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (W.W.); (W.W.); (M.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Weiwei Wu
- School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (W.W.); (W.W.); (M.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xiaoming Yu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China;
| | - Mingyue Sun
- School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (W.W.); (W.W.); (M.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhensheng Lin
- School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (W.W.); (W.W.); (M.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
| | - Huazhe Yang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (W.W.); (W.W.); (M.S.); (Z.L.)
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16
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Biodegradable Magnesium Alloy (ZK60) with a Poly(l-lactic)-Acid Polymer Coating for Maxillofacial Surgery. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10060724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanical strength and biodegradation of a ZK60 plate coated with poly(l-lactic)-acid polymer (PLLA) in a LeFort I osteotomy canine model for maxillofacial applications. The PLLA-coated ZK60 plate and screw were evaluated using a LeFort I osteotomy canine model based on five beagles. The presence of wound dehiscence, plate exposure, gas formation, inflammation, pus formation, occlusion, food intake, and fistula formation were evaluated. After 12 weeks, these dogs were sacrificed, and an X-ray micro-computed tomography (µCT) was conducted. Plate exposure, gas formation, and external fistula were not observed, and the occlusion remained stable. Wound dehiscence did not heal for 12 weeks. CT images did not show plates in all the five dogs. A few screw bodies fixed in the bone remained, and screw heads were completely absorbed after 12 weeks. These findings may be attributed to the inability to optimize the absorption rate with PLLA coating. Rapid biodegradation of the PLLA-coated ZK60 occurred due to the formation of microcracks during the bending process. Further improvement to the plate system with PLLA-coated ZK60 is required using other surface coating methods or alternative Mg alloys.
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17
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Wang J, Xu J, Hopkins C, Chow DH, Qin L. Biodegradable Magnesium-Based Implants in Orthopedics-A General Review and Perspectives. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1902443. [PMID: 32328412 PMCID: PMC7175270 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable Mg-based metals may be promising orthopedic implants for treating challenging bone diseases, attributed to their desirable mechanical and osteopromotive properties. This Review summarizes the current status and future research trends for Mg-based orthopedic implants. First, the properties between Mg-based implants and traditional orthopedic implants are compared on the following aspects: in vitro and in vivo degradation mechanisms of Mg-based implants, peri-implant bone responses, the fate of the degradation products, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of Mg ions on osteogenesis. Then, the preclinical studies conducted at the low weight bearing sites of animals are introduced. The innovative strategies (for example, via designing Mg-containing hybrid systems) are discussed to address the limitations of Mg-based metals prior to their clinical applications at weight-bearing sites. Finally, the available clinical studies are summarized and the challenges and perspectives of Mg-based orthopedic implants are discussed. Taken together, the progress made on the development of Mg-based implants in basic, translational, and clinical research has laid down a foundation for developing a new era in the treatment of challenging and prevalent bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Li Wang
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
- Musculoskeletal Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics & TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARP. R. China
| | - Jian‐Kun Xu
- Musculoskeletal Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics & TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARP. R. China
- Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research LaboratoryLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARP. R. China
| | - Chelsea Hopkins
- Musculoskeletal Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics & TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARP. R. China
| | - Dick Ho‐Kiu Chow
- Musculoskeletal Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics & TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARP. R. China
- Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research LaboratoryLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARP. R. China
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics & TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARP. R. China
- Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research LaboratoryLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARP. R. China
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18
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Chalisgaonkar R. Insight in applications, manufacturing and corrosion behaviour of magnesium and its alloys – A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.02.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Role of Substrates in the Corrosion Behaviors of Micro-Arc Oxidation Coatings on Magnesium Alloys. METALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/met9101100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) was performed on AZ31 and AZ91 Mg alloys to explore the relationship between Mg substrates and corrosion behaviors of resultant coatings. The microstructure and long-term corrosion performance of the two coatings were investigated. Results showed that MAO coating on AZ91 alloy provided a longer-term corrosion protection to substrate than that on AZ31 alloy, despite having similar microstructure and phase composition. However, once corrosion occurred, the corrosion area of MAO coating on AZ91 alloy enlarged at a faster rate compared to that on AZ31 alloy during immersion tests, and their corrosion morphologies were different. Based on the corrosion features of Mg substrates and MAO coatings, roles of substrates on the corrosion processes of coatings were analyzed.
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20
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Echeverry-Rendon M, Duque V, Quintero D, Robledo SM, Harmsen MC, Echeverria F. Improved corrosion resistance of commercially pure magnesium after its modification by plasma electrolytic oxidation with organic additives. J Biomater Appl 2019; 33:725-740. [PMID: 30444445 PMCID: PMC6247453 DOI: 10.1177/0885328218809911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The optimal mechanical properties render magnesium widely used in industrial and biomedical applications. However, magnesium is highly reactive and unstable in aqueous solutions, which can be modulated to increase stability of reactive metals that include the use of alloys or by altering the surface with coatings. Plasma electrolytic oxidation is an efficient and tuneable method to apply a surface coating. By varying the plasma electrolytic oxidation parameters voltage, current density, time and (additives in the) electrolytic solution, the morphology, composition and surface energy of surface coatings are set. In the present study, we evaluated the influence on surface coatings of two solute additives, i.e. hexamethylenetetramine and mannitol, to base solutes silicate and potassium hydroxide. Results from in vitro studies in NaCl demonstrated an improvement in the corrosion resistance. In addition, coatings were obtained by a two-step anodization procedure, firstly anodizing in an electrolyte solution containing sodium fluoride and secondly in an electrolyte solution with hexamethylenetetramine and mannitol, respectively. Results showed that the first layer acts as a protective layer which improves the corrosion resistance in comparison with the samples with a single anodizing step. In conclusion, these coatings are promising candidates to be used in biomedical applications in particular because the components are non-toxic for the body and the rate of degradation of the surface coating is lower than that of pure magnesium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Echeverry-Rendon
- 1 University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein, Groningen, the Netherlands.,2 Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales CIDEMAT, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.,3 Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales PECET, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Valentina Duque
- 2 Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales CIDEMAT, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - David Quintero
- 2 Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales CIDEMAT, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sara M Robledo
- 3 Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales PECET, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- 1 University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Felix Echeverria
- 2 Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales CIDEMAT, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
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21
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Fu YM, Yin Y, Guan JW, Ji QB, Wang Y, Zhang Q. The evaluation of a degradable Magnesium alloy Bio-Transfix nail system compounded with bone morphogenetic protein-2 in a beagle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction model. J Biomater Appl 2019; 34:687-698. [PMID: 31345096 DOI: 10.1177/0885328219865069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Mu Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Wu Guan
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quan-Bo Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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22
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In vitro degradation and antibacterial property of a copper-containing micro-arc oxidation coating on Mg-2Zn-1Gd-0.5Zr alloy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 179:77-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Wang Y, Li X, Chen M, Zhao Y, You C, Li Y, Chen G. In Vitro and in Vivo Degradation Behavior and Biocompatibility Evaluation of Microarc Oxidation-Fluoridated Hydroxyapatite-Coated Mg-Zn-Zr-Sr Alloy for Bone Application. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2858-2876. [PMID: 33405590 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium and its alloys are biodegradable materials with great potential for biomedical development; however, their high rate of degradation in biological environments limits the widespread application of these materials. In order to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy, a functional calcium phosphate coating was prepared on Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr-0.5Sr alloy by microarc oxidation (MAO) combined with chemical deposition of fluoridated hydroxyapatite (FHA). A dense calcium-phosphorus coating 6 μm thick composed of needle-shaped fluoridated hydroxyapatite formed on the surface of the MAO layer. The MAO-FHA coating exhibited good mineralization ability to induce hydroxyapatite deposition on its surface during degradation testing in simulated bodily fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Minfang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.,Tianjin Key Lab for Photoelectric Materials & Devices, Tianjin 300384, China.,Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Device (Ministry of Education), Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.,Tianjin Key Lab for Photoelectric Materials & Devices, Tianjin 300384, China.,Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Device (Ministry of Education), Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Chen You
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.,Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Device (Ministry of Education), Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yankun Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Guorui Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
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24
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Surface degradation-enabled osseointegrative, angiogenic and antiinfective properties of magnesium-modified acrylic bone cement. J Orthop Translat 2019; 17:121-132. [PMID: 31194022 PMCID: PMC6551367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This work focuses on tackling the inadequate bone/implant interface strength of acrylic bone cements, which is a formidable problem diminishing their clinical performance, especially in percutaneous kyphoplasty surgery. Methods A new strategy of incorporating magnesium particles into clinically used poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement to prepare a surface-degradable bone cement (SdBC) is proposed and validated both in vitro and in vivo. Results This surface degradation characteristic enables osseointegrative, angiogenic and antiinfective properties. SdBC showed fast surface degradation and formed porous surfaces as designed, while the desirable high compressive strengths (≥70 MPa) of the cement were preserved. Besides, the SdBC with proper Mg content promoted osteoblast adhesion, spreading, proliferation and endothelial cell angiogenesis capacity compared with PMMA. Also, SdBC demonstrated clear inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In vivo evaluation on SdBC by the rat femur defect model showed that the bone/implant interface strength was significantly enhanced in SdBC (push-out force of 11.8 ± 1.5 N for SdBC vs 7.0 ± 2.3N for PMMA), suggesting significantly improved osseointegration and bone growth induced by the surface degradation of the cement. The injectability, setting times and compressive strengths of SdBC with proper content of Mg particles (2.8 wt% and 5.4 wt%) were comparable with those of the clinical acrylic bone cement, while the heat release during polymerization was reduced (maximum temperature 78 ± 1 °C for PMMA vs 73.3 ± 1.5 °C for SdBC). Conclusions This work validates a new concept of designing bioactive bone/implant interface in PMMA bone cement. And this surface-degradable bone cement possesses great potential for minimally invasive orthopaedic surgeries such as percutaneous kyphoplasty. The translational potential of this article This work reports PMMA/Mg surface-degradable acrylic bone cements that possess enhanced osseointegrative, angiogenic and antiinfective properties that are lacking in the clinically used acrylic bone cements. This new kind of bone cements could improve the treatment outcome of many orthopaedic surgeries such as percutaneous kyphoplasty and arthroplasty.
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25
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Li B, Gao P, Zhang H, Guo Z, Zheng Y, Han Y. Osteoimmunomodulation, osseointegration, and in vivo mechanical integrity of pure Mg coated with HA nanorod/pore-sealed MgO bilayer. Biomater Sci 2019; 6:3202-3218. [PMID: 30328849 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00901e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Fast degradation of Mg-based implants results in the loss of mechanical integrity and poor osseointegration. Herein, a bilayer-structured coating (termed as HAT), comprising an outer layer of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanorods and an inner layer of pores-sealed MgO with HA/Mg(OH)2, was formed on Mg using plasma electrolytic oxidation and hydrothermal treatment. Osteoimmunomodulation, osseointegration, mechanical integrity, and bone-implant interfacial structure evolution of the HAT-coated Mg were investigated by implantation in rabbit femora, together with Mg coated with plasma electrolytic oxidized porous MgO (termed as PEO0) and bare Mg. As compared to PEO0-coated and bare Mg, HAT-coated Mg greatly downregulated pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-1β, upregulated anti-inflammatory IL-10, and suppressed osteoclastogenesis, modulating the surrounding microenvironment toward favoring the recruitment of osteogenetic cells. Moreover, HAT-coated Mg accelerated bone sialoprotein and osteopontin secretion of osteogenetic cells and their mineralization to form a cement line matrix. It also promoted the differentiation of osteogenetic cells, secretion of collagen overlying on the cement line matrix, inducing an earlier and more pronounced bone matrix formation. The cement line matrix wrapped the HA nanorods and filled the interrod spaces of the HAT coating, forming strong interdigitation at the bone-coating interface, and therefore, yielding enhanced osseointegration by means of contact osteogenesis. Due to the considerably reduced corrosion of Mg by the pores-sealed bilayer structure of HAT coating, HAT-coated Mg maintained the mechanical integrity for a longer duration than PEO0-coated and bare Mg. It is clarified that the degradation of MgO and HA, rather than delamination, was the vanishing mode of PEO0 and HAT coatings during long-term implantation, avoiding osteolysis induced by the delamination-generated particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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26
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Yuan W, Li B, Chen D, Zhu D, Han Y, Zheng Y. Formation Mechanism, Corrosion Behavior, and Cytocompatibility of Microarc Oxidation Coating on Absorbable High-Purity Zinc. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:487-497. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Dafu Chen
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Donghui Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Yong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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27
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Xu H, Zhang F, Wang H, Geng F, Shao M, Xu S, Xia X, Ma X, Lu F, Jiang J. Evaluation of a Porous Bioabsorbable Interbody Mg-Zn Alloy Cage in a Goat Cervical Spine Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7961509. [PMID: 30596099 PMCID: PMC6286783 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7961509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bioabsorbable Mg-based implants were previously assessed due to their intrinsic advantages, but Mg-based cage related research is limited. The specific blood supply and stress of the intervertebral environment can affect the function of Mg-based implants. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of a bioabsorbable Mg-Zn alloy cage in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and evaluate the control of degradation of the Mg-Zn cage surface modified by microarc oxidation (MAO) technology containing Si under an intervertebral microenvironment. METHODS Twenty-four goats were divided into four groups according to the experimental period and all underwent ACDF at C2-3 and C4-5 with porous Mg-Zn cage covered with a MAO/Si-containing coating in one intervertebral space and with autologous iliac bone in another space. After 3, 6, 12, or 24 weeks after operation, the cervical spine specimens were harvested to evaluate the biocompatibility, fusion status, and degradation conditions using blood analysis, radiology, biomechanical testing, histology, and micro-CT. RESULTS The Mg-Zn cages showed ideal biocompatibility and biomechanical characterization; however, the fusion state, as evaluated with radiology and histology, was not acceptable. Modified by the MAO/Si-containing coating, the degradation rate of the Mg-Zn cages was controllable but slower than expected. CONCLUSION MAO/Si-containing coating Mg-Zn alloy cages demonstrated excessive control of degradation and fusion failure after 24 weeks postoperatively. We conclude that further studies should be designed to improve the using of Mg-based materials at the intervertebral space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Department of Research & Tech, Medtronic Greater China Co., Ltd., Block 11, No. 3000 Long Dong Avenue, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghao Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Shun Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinlei Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaosheng Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Feizhou Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, China
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Huo W, Lin X, Lv L, Cao H, Yu S, Yu Z, Zhang Y. Manipulating the degradation behavior and biocompatibility of Mg alloy through a two-step treatment combining sliding friction treatment and micro-arc oxidation. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:6431-6443. [PMID: 32254651 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01072b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating the degradation rate of biomedical Mg alloys has always been a challenge. In this study, a two-step treatment including sliding friction treatment (SFT) and micro-arc oxidation (MAO) was adopted to acquire a unique Mg-based architecture containing three typical layers comprising a MAO coating/nanocrystalline (NC) layer/coarse-grained (CG) matrix. It was found that the modified topmost MAO coating possessed enhanced corrosion resistance, cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility. The intermediate NC layer sandwiched between the coating and CG matrix was an ideal transition layer capable of avoiding degradation rate upsurge caused by coating breakdown; meanwhile, it provided an effective reinforcing effect on the overall mechanical strength. More importantly, the corrosion resistance of these layers was ranked in the order: MAO coating > NC layer > CG matrix. This kind of gradually increasing corrosion rate of the three layers with depth renders the two-step treatment a promising approach to design Mg-based implants possessing controllable degradation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangtu Huo
- Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710016, China.
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29
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Dou J, Zhao Y, Lu L, Gu G, Yu H, Chen C. Effect of the second-step voltages on the structural and corrosion properties of silicon-calcium-phosphate (Si-CaP) coatings on Mg-Zn-Ca alloy. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:172410. [PMID: 30473800 PMCID: PMC6227930 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.172410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The applications of magnesium (Mg) alloys as biodegradable orthopedic implants are mainly restricted due to their rapid degradation rate in the physiological environment. In this study, Si-CaP micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings were prepared on a Mg-Zn-Ca alloy by a second-step MAO process at different voltages in order to decrease the degradation rate and increase the bioactivity of the alloy. The microstructure and morphology of the samples were characterized using XRD, FT-IR SEM and EDS. The degradation behaviours of samples were evaluated using electrochemical techniques, and immersion tests in simulated body fluid (SBF). The results indicate that the morphology of the Si-CaP coatings changed significantly with the increase in Ca/P ratio as the second-step voltage increased. The Si-CaP containing coating produced at 450 V could significantly decrease the degradation rate of Mg and caused a slow increase in pH of the SBF solution. The haemolysis test concluded that the coating C3 did not cause a haemolytic reaction. The corrosion resistance of Mg alloy was greatly improved with the Si-CaP coatings, and the Mg alloy with Si-CaP coating prepared at 450 V had the best corrosion resistance, which indicates that the Si-CaP coatings are promising for improving the biodegradation properties of Mg-based orthopedic implants. Haemolysis tests indicated that the Si-CaP coating prepared at 450 V conforms to the given standard (YY/T0127.1-93).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhe Dou
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Zhao
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Lu Lu
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Guochao Gu
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Huijun Yu
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, Shandong, P. R. China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Chuanzhong Chen
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, Shandong, P. R. China
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Degradation Behavior of Micro-Arc Oxidized ZK60 Magnesium Alloy in a Simulated Body Fluid. METALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/met8090724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bio-ceramic coatings were synthesized on ZK60 magnesium alloys by micro-arc oxidation (MAO). The degradation behavior of the ZK60 alloys with and without MAO coating in the simulated body fluid (SBF) was studied. The samples were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser scanning confocal microscopy (CLSM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to study the degradation behavior. The results showed that the porous MAO coating mainly consisted of MgO, Mg2SiO4, Mg3(PO4)2, and CaCO3. The pH values of both coated and uncoated samples increased over time. However, the pH values of the SBF for coated samples always maintained a lower level compared with those for the uncoated samples. Thereby, the coated samples showed a much lower degradation rate. After immersion in SBF for 5 days, corrosion product containing Ca and P was found on both samples, while the deposition was more active on the coated samples. The degradation models for the uncoated and coated samples in the SBF are also proposed and discussed.
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31
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Němcová A, Li Y, Kuběna I, Vickridge I, Ganem JJ, Yerokhin A, Habazaki H, Skeldon P. Anodic film growth and silver enrichment during anodizing of an Mg-0.6 at.% Ag alloy in fluoride-containing organic electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Quantitative analysis of near-implant magnesium accumulation for a Si-containing coated AZ31 cage from a goat cervical spine fusion model. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19:105. [PMID: 29618341 PMCID: PMC5885299 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-018-2027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium (Mg) released from Mg-based implants degradation is believed to be effective in improving osteogenesis, however, studies focusing on Mg-based interbody cages are limited and fusion success was never reported. As excessive Mg accumulation can inhibit new bone formation, this study is designed to explain the possible reasons for the fusion failure of Mg-based cages by analyzing the relationships between the intervertebral Mg accumulation and the resulting interbody fusion. METHODS The experimental cage was consisted of magnesium alloy (AZ31) substrate and Silicon (Si) -containing coating. C3/C4 and C5/C6 of 24 goats were implanted with cage or autologous iliac crest bone graft (Control group), which were analyzed at 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks post-operatively. Intervertebral Mg concentrations, Mg-related Calcium (Ca)/ Phosphorus (P) ratios, radiological evaluations and histological findings were recorded for analyzing the relationships between the three of cage corrosion, Mg accumulation, and interbody fusion. RESULTS Intervertebral Mg levels were significantly increased after cage implantation, especially in the areas that were closer to the cages at 3 weeks post-operatively, and these increased concentrations could persist up to 12 weeks post-operatively, indicating a relatively rapid corrosion process. Significantly lower Mg levels were only found at 24 weeks post-operatively, but these levels were still higher than those of the control group. In addition, Mg was found to be widely distributed at the intervertebral space since high Mg concentrations could even be detected at the posterior boundary of the vertebral body. Under this Mg accumulation profile, interbody fusion was not achieved, as indicated by the decreased Ca/P ratios, low CT fusion scores and negative histological results. CONCLUSIONS Intervertebral excessive Mg accumulation might be the primary reason for interbody fusion failure. Quantitative Mg analysis can offer insight into the association between cage degeneration and biological response.
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The Bioresorption and Guided Bone Regeneration of Absorbable Hydroxyapatite-Coated Magnesium Mesh. J Craniofac Surg 2018; 28:518-523. [PMID: 28060094 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000003383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nonabsorbable metallic membrane for guided bone regeneration is remained permanently even though after complete healing. There would be metallic exposure followed by the risk of infection; the membrane should be removed for the additional procedure such as implant installation. Since absorbable nonmetallic mesh is absorbed within 3 to 6 months, it is unnecessary to be removed. However, the absorbable membrane shows lower retention, lower mechanical strength, and difficulty of manipulation than the nonabsorbable ones.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of absorbable metallic mesh (hydroxyapatite-coated magnesium mesh) with acceptable mechanical properties and satisfying biocompatibility. METHODS The bioresorption and fate of magnesium were evaluated in Sprague Dawley rat (SD rat) with critical defect of calvarium. The critical defect with a diameter of 8 mm was made on calvarium using trephine bur in 18 SD rats. The defected models were divided into 2 groups: the control group (9 SD rat) without mesh and the experimental group (9 SD rat) with the insertion of prototype HA-coated magnesium mesh. The 3 SD rats were sacrificed at 6, 12, and 18 weeks. The histopathological and radiographic examinations were performed afterward. RESULTS In the control group, there was no specific symptom. The experimental group also showed no specific symptom including swelling and dehiscence related to hydrogen gas formation. From 6 to 18 weeks, the experimental group showed the progressive absorption and fracture of magnesium mesh. However, there was no specific effectiveness of guided bone regeneration in both groups. There was no significant difference in bone volume, bone surface, and bone volume fraction between the negative control group and the group with magnesium mesh (P >0.05). CONCLUSION Hydroxyapatite-coated magnesium mesh showed reasonable process of bioresorption and bony reaction; however, the effectiveness of guided bone regeneration and management of the bioresorption rate should be reconsidered.
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Tang H, Tao W, Wang C, Yu H. Fabrication of hydroxyapatite coatings on AZ31 Mg alloy by micro-arc oxidation coupled with sol–gel treatment. RSC Adv 2018; 8:12368-12375. [PMID: 35539426 PMCID: PMC9079258 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10951b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) alloys, can potentially be used as biodegradable orthopedic implants because of their biodegradability and good mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tang
- School of Materials and Energy
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu
- China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium-Based Materials
| | - Wei Tao
- School of Materials and Energy
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Machinery Manufacturing Technology
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
| | - Huilong Yu
- Institute of Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Jiangyou City
- P. R. China
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Liu C, Ren Z, Xu Y, Pang S, Zhao X, Zhao Y. Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys Developed as Bone Repair Materials: A Review. SCANNING 2018; 2018:9216314. [PMID: 29725492 PMCID: PMC5872617 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9216314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone repair materials are rapidly becoming a hot topic in the field of biomedical materials due to being an important means of repairing human bony deficiencies and replacing hard tissue. Magnesium (Mg) alloys are potentially biocompatible, osteoconductive, and biodegradable metallic materials that can be used in bone repair due to their in situ degradation in the body, mechanical properties similar to those of bones, and ability to positively stimulate the formation of new bones. However, rapid degradation of these materials in physiological environments may lead to gas cavities, hemolysis, and osteolysis and thus, hinder their clinical orthopedic applications. This paper reviews recent work on the use of Mg alloy implants in bone repair. Research to date on alloy design, surface modification, and biological performance of Mg alloys is comprehensively summarized. Future challenges for and developments in biomedical Mg alloys for use in bone repair are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Ningbo Branch of China Academy of Ordnance Science, Ningbo, China
| | - Zheng Ren
- Ningbo Branch of China Academy of Ordnance Science, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongdong Xu
- Ningbo Branch of China Academy of Ordnance Science, Ningbo, China
| | - Song Pang
- Ningbo Branch of China Academy of Ordnance Science, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinbing Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Yang Y, Zheng K, Liang R, Mainka A, Taccardi N, Roether JA, Detsch R, Goldmann WH, Virtanen S, Boccaccini AR. Cu-releasing bioactive glass/polycaprolactone coating on Mg with antibacterial and anticorrosive properties for bone tissue engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 13:015001. [PMID: 29072194 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa87f2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive glass nanoparticles containing copper (Cu-BGNs) were introduced into polycaprolactone (PCL) coating systems to improve the bioactivity, antibacterial properties, and corrosion resistance of vulnerable magnesium matrices under physiological conditions. The influence of different amounts of Cu-BGNs in PCL coatings was thoroughly investigated in determining the wettability, electrochemical properties, and antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus carnosus and Escherichia coli, as well as their cyto-compatibility. Cu-BGNs were observed randomly scattered in PCL coatings. Increasing the concentration of Cu-BGNs resulted in a slight decrease of the water contact angle, and a reduction in anticorrosion properties of the Cu-BGN composite coatings. Yet higher Cu-BGN content in coatings led to more calcium phosphate formation on the surface after 7 days of immersion in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, which was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The growth of S. carnosus and E. coli was inhibited by Cu2+ ions released from the Cu-BGN coatings. In addition, both direct and indirect cyto-compatibility experiments showed that the viability and proliferation of MG-63 cells on Cu-BGN coatings were highly increased compared to pure magnesium; however, an additional increase of Cu-BGN concentration showed a slight decrease of cell proliferation and cell activity. In summary, Cu-BGN/PCL composite coatings impart magnesium-based biomaterials with antibacterial and anticorrosive properties for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyun Yang
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. Institute for Surface Science and Corrosion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Fei J, Wen X, Lin X, Saijilafu, Wang W, Ren O, Chen X, Tan L, Yang K, Yang H, Yang L. Biocompatibility and neurotoxicity of magnesium alloys potentially used for neural repairs. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:1155-1163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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38
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Golshirazi A, Kharaziha M, Golozar M. Polyethylenimine/kappa carrageenan: Micro-arc oxidation coating for passivation of magnesium alloy. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 167:185-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lee HP, Lin DJ, Yeh ML. Phenolic Modified Ceramic Coating on Biodegradable Mg Alloy: The Improved Corrosion Resistance and Osteoblast-Like Cell Activity. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10070696. [PMID: 28773055 PMCID: PMC5551739 DOI: 10.3390/ma10070696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium alloys have great potential for developing orthopedic implants due to their biodegradability and mechanical properties, but the rapid corrosion rate of the currently-available alloys limits their clinical applications. To increase the corrosion resistance of the substrate, a protective ceramic coating is constructed by a micro-arc oxidation (MAO) process on ZK60 magnesium alloy. The porous ceramic coating is mainly composed of magnesium oxide and magnesium silicate, and the results from cell cultures show it can stimulate osteoblastic cell growth and proliferation. Moreover, gallic acid, a phenolic compound, was successfully introduced onto the MAO coating by grafting on hydrated oxide and chelating with magnesium ions. The gallic acid and rough surface of MAO altered the cell attachment behavior, making it difficult for fibroblasts to adhere to the MAO coating. The viability tests showed that gallic acid could suppress fibroblast growth and stimulate osteoblastic cell proliferation. Overall, the porous MAO coating combined with gallic acid offered a novel strategy for increasing osteocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Pang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Da-Jun Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Long Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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40
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Dou J, Chen Y, Chi Y, Li H, Gu G, Chen C. Preparation and characterization of a calcium-phosphate-silicon coating on a Mg-Zn-Ca alloy via two-step micro-arc oxidation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15110-15119. [PMID: 28561125 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02672b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are the most promising implant materials due to their excellent biodegradability. However, their high degradation rate limits their practical application. In this study, we produced a calcium-phosphate (Ca-P) coating and a calcium-phosphate-silicon (Ca-P-Si) coating via one-step and two-step micro-arc oxidation processes, respectively. The microstructure and chemical composition of the MAO coatings were characterized using SEM, XRD and EDS. The degradation behaviors of the MAO coatings and the substrate were investigated using electrochemical techniques and immersion tests in simulated body fluid (SBF). The results show that the silicate was successfully incorporated into the Ca-P coating in the second MAO step, and this also increased the thickness of the coating. The Ca-P-Si coatings remarkably reduced the corrosion rate of the Mg alloy and Ca-P coating during 18 days of immersion in SBF. In addition, the bone-like apatite layer on the sample surface demonstrated the good biomineralization ability of the Ca-P-Si coating. Potentiodynamic polarization results showed that the MAO coating could clearly enhance the corrosion resistance of the Mg alloy. Moreover, we propose the growth mechanism of the MAO coating in the second step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhe Dou
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Road # 17923, Ji'nan 250061, Shandong, P. R. China.
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41
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Xiong Y, Hu Q, Song R, Hu X. LSP/MAO composite bio-coating on AZ80 magnesium alloy for biomedical application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 75:1299-1304. [PMID: 28415419 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A composite bio-coating was fabricated on AZ80 magnesium (Mg) alloy by using micro-arc oxidation (MAO) under the pretreatment of laser shock peening (LSP) in order to improve the bio-corrosion resistance and the mechanical integrity. LSP treatment could induce grain refinement and compressive residual stress field on the surface of material. MAO bio-coating was grown in alkaline electrolyte with hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) to improve the biological properties of the material. The microstructure, element and phase composition for untreated based material (BM) and treated samples (LSP layer, MAO bio-coating and LSP/MAO composite bio-coating) were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical tests and slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests were used to evaluate the corrosion resistance and the stress corrosion susceptibility in simulated body fluid (SBF). The results indicated that LSP/MAO composite bio-coating can not only improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy substrate evidently but also increase the mechanical properties in SBF compared to LSP layer and MAO bio-coating. Mg alloy treated by LSP/MAO composite technique should be better suited as biodegradable orthopedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Qiang Hu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Renguo Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaxia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
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42
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Chen Y, Zhang X, Zhao S, Maitz MF, Zhang W, Yang S, Mao J, Huang N, Wan G. In situ incorporation of heparin/bivalirudin into a phytic acid coating on biodegradable magnesium with improved anticorrosion and biocompatible properties. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:4162-4176. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb03157a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Drugs were incorporated into a phytic acid coating on Mg by an in situ chemical route for corrosion control and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
| | - Manfred F. Maitz
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
| | - Wentai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
| | - Su Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
| | - Jinlong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
| | - Guojiang Wan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu
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43
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Chen J, Tan L, Yang K. Effect of heat treatment on mechanical and biodegradable properties of an extruded ZK60 alloy. Bioact Mater 2016; 2:19-26. [PMID: 29744407 PMCID: PMC5935012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ZK60 magnesium alloy possess good mechanical properties and is a potential biodegradable material. But its high degradation rate is not desirable. In this study the effect of heat treatment on the biodegradable property of ZK60 alloy was investigated. T5 treated, T6 treated, as-cast and as-extruded ZK60 alloys were studied. Microstructure characterization, electrochemical measurement and immersion test were carried out. The results showed that both the mechanical properties and degradation behavior were improved after T5 treatment due to the formation of small and uniformly distributed MgZn phases. The as-cast alloys also exhibited good corrosion resistance. However, the as-extruded and T6 treated samples were severely corroded due to the formation of large amounts of second phases accelerating the corrosion rate owing to the galvanic corrosion. The corrosion resistance of ZK60 alloy was as following: T5 treated > as-cast > T6 treated > as-extruded. The strength and corrosion resistance of ZK60 alloys are improved by T5 treatment due to the formation of small and uniformly distributed MgZn phases. After T6 treatment, certain amount of MgZn2 phase is precipitated along the grain boundary which deteriorates the corrosion resistance. The as-extruded ZK60 exhibits the worst corrosion resistance. The content of ZnZr phase is high in the second phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiu Chen
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lili Tan
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
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Bakhsheshi-Rad HR, Hamzah E, Low HT, Kasiri-Asgarani M, Farahany S, Akbari E, Cho MH. Fabrication of biodegradable Zn-Al-Mg alloy: Mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 73:215-219. [PMID: 28183601 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, binary Zn-0.5Al and ternary Zn-0.5Al-xMg alloys with various Mg contents were investigated as biodegradable materials for implant applications. Compared with Zn-0.5Al (single phase), Zn-0.5Al-xMg alloys consisted of the α-Zn and Mg2(Zn, Al)11 with a fine lamellar structure. The results also revealed that ternary Zn-Al-Mg alloys presented higher micro-hardness value, tensile strength and corrosion resistance compared to the binary Zn-Al alloy. In addition, the tensile strength and corrosion resistance increased with increasing the Mg content in ternary alloys. The immersion tests also indicated that the corrosion rates in the following order Zn-0.5Al-0.5Mg<Zn-0.5Al-0.3Mg<Zn-0.5Al-0.1Mg<Zn-0.5Al. The cytotoxicity tests exhibited that the Zn-0.5Al-0.5Mg alloy presents higher viability of MC3T3-E1 cell compared to the Zn-0.5Al alloy, which suggested good biocompatibility. The antibacterial activity result of both Zn-0.5Al and Zn-0.5Al-Mg alloys against Escherichia coli presented some antibacterial activity, while the Zn-0.5Al-0.5Mg significantly prohibited the growth of Escherichia coli. Thus, Zn-0.5Al-0.5Mg alloy with appropriate mechanical properties, low corrosion rate, good biocompatibility and antibacterial activities was believed to be a good candidate as a biodegradable implant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Bakhsheshi-Rad
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.
| | - E Hamzah
- Department of Materials, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - H T Low
- Department of Materials, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - M Kasiri-Asgarani
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - S Farahany
- Department of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Buein Zahra Technical University, Qazvin 3451745346, Iran
| | - E Akbari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - M H Cho
- KISWIRE Sdn. Bhd, Research and Development Centre, Johor, Malaysia
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45
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Dou J, Gu G, Chen C, Pan Y. Characterization and biodegradation behavior of micro-arc oxidation coatings formed on Mg–Zn–Ca alloys in two different electrolytes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22666c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Schematic illustrations of degradation mechanism of the porous MAO coating on Mg alloys in SBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhe Dou
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250061
| | - Guochao Gu
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250061
| | - Chuanzhong Chen
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250061
| | - Yaokun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250061
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46
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Han J, Wan P, Ge Y, Fan X, Tan L, Li J, Yang K. Tailoring the degradation and biological response of a magnesium–strontium alloy for potential bone substitute application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 58:799-811. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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47
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Mousa HM, Hussein KH, Pant HR, Woo HM, Park CH, Kim CS. In vitro degradation behavior and cytocompatibility of a bioceramic anodization films on the biodegradable magnesium alloy. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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48
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Biodegradable Materials for Bone Repair and Tissue Engineering Applications. MATERIALS 2015; 8:5744-5794. [PMID: 28793533 PMCID: PMC5512653 DOI: 10.3390/ma8095273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses and summarizes the recent developments and advances in the use of biodegradable materials for bone repair purposes. The choice between using degradable and non-degradable devices for orthopedic and maxillofacial applications must be carefully weighed. Traditional biodegradable devices for osteosynthesis have been successful in low or mild load bearing applications. However, continuing research and recent developments in the field of material science has resulted in development of biomaterials with improved strength and mechanical properties. For this purpose, biodegradable materials, including polymers, ceramics and magnesium alloys have attracted much attention for osteologic repair and applications. The next generation of biodegradable materials would benefit from recent knowledge gained regarding cell material interactions, with better control of interfacing between the material and the surrounding bone tissue. The next generations of biodegradable materials for bone repair and regeneration applications require better control of interfacing between the material and the surrounding bone tissue. Also, the mechanical properties and degradation/resorption profiles of these materials require further improvement to broaden their use and achieve better clinical results.
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49
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Zhou J, Huang W, Li Q, She Z, Chen F, Li L. A novel multilayer model with controllable mechanical properties for magnesium-based bone plates. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:164. [PMID: 25791460 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5504-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Proper mechanical properties are essential for the clinical application of magnesium-based implants. In the present work, a novel multilayer model composed of three layers with desirable features was developed. The modulus of the multilayer model can be adjusted by changing the thickness of each layer. To combine three layers and improve the corrosion resistance of the whole multilayer model, the polycaprolactone coating was employed. In the immersion test, pH values, the concentration of released magnesium ions, and weight loss indicate that the corrosion rate of multilayer models is considerable lower than that of the one-layer bare substrate. The three-point bending test, which is used to examine models' mechanical properties, shows that the flexural modulus of multilayer models is reduced effectively. In addition, the mechanical degradation of multilayer models is more stable, compared to the one-layer substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncen Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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50
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Li J, Tan L, Wan P, Yu X, Yang K. Study on microstructure and properties of extruded Mg–2Nd–0.2Zn alloy as potential biodegradable implant material. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 49:422-429. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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