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Serafin B, Kamen A, de Crescenzo G, Henry O. Antibody-independent surface plasmon resonance assays for influenza vaccine quality control. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:307. [PMID: 38656587 PMCID: PMC11043112 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensors have emerged as a powerful platform for bioprocess monitoring due to their ability to detect biointeractions in real time, without the need for labeling. Paramount for the development of a robust detection platform is the immobilization of a ligand with high specificity and affinity for the in-solution species of interest. Following the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, much effort has been made toward the development of quality control platforms for influenza A vaccine productions, many of which have employed SPR for detection. Due to the rapid antigenic drift of influenza's principal surface protein, hemagglutinin, antibodies used for immunoassays need to be produced seasonally. The production of these antibodies represents a 6-8-week delay in immunoassay and, thus, vaccine availability. This review focuses on SPR-based assays that do not rely on anti-HA antibodies for the detection, characterization, and quantification of influenza A in bioproductions and biological samples. KEY POINTS: • The single radial immunodiffusion assay (SRID) has been the gold standard for the quantification of influenza vaccines since 1979. Due to antigenic drift of influenza's hemagglutinin protein, new antibody reagents for the SRID assay must be produced each year, requiring 6-8 weeks. The resulting delay in immunoassay availability is a major bottleneck in the influenza vaccine pipeline. This review highlights ligand options for the detection and quantification of influenza viruses using surface plasmon resonance biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Serafin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amine Kamen
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gregory de Crescenzo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Henry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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2
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Chen Z, Sun Q, Yang Y, Nie X, Xiang W, Ren Y, Le T. Aptamer-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for animal viruses: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128677. [PMID: 38072350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Animal diseases often have significant consequences due to the unclear and time-consuming diagnosis process. Furthermore, the emergence of new viral infections and drug-resistant pathogens has further complicated the diagnosis and treatment of viral diseases. Aptamers, which are obtained through systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) technology, provide a promising solution as they enable specific identification and binding to targets, facilitating pathogen detection and the development of novel therapeutics. This review presented an overview of aptasensors for animal virus detection, discussed the antiviral activity and mechanisms of aptamers, and highlighted advancements in aptamer-based antiviral research following the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the challenges and prospects of aptamer-based virus diagnosis and treatment research were explored. Although this review was not exhaustive, it offered valuable insights into the progress of aptamer-based antiviral drug research, target mechanisms, as well as the development of novel antiviral drugs and biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoer Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Qi Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Xunqing Nie
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Wenyu Xiang
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Yueyang Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Tao Le
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, PR China.
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3
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Zhu M, Anirudhan V, Du R, Rong L, Cui Q. Influenza virus cell entry and targeted antiviral development. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29181. [PMID: 37930075 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Influenza virus infection is currently one of the most prevalent and transmissible diseases in the world causing local outbreaks every year. It has the potential to cause devastating global pandemics as well. The development of anti-influenza drugs possessing novel mechanisms of action is urgently needed to control the spread of influenza infections; thus, drugs that inhibit influenza virus entry into target cells are emerging as a hot research topic. In addition to discussing the biological significance of hemagglutinin in viral replication, this article provides recent updates on the natural products, small molecules, proteins, peptides, and neutralizing antibody-like proteins that have anti-influenza potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murong Zhu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Varada Anirudhan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ruikun Du
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijun Rong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
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4
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Zhao L, Wu L, Xu W, Wei J, Niu X, Liu G, Yu L, Wu Y, Zhou Q, Liu L. Diagnostic techniques for critical respiratory infections: Update on current methods. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18957. [PMID: 37600408 PMCID: PMC10432708 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infections, whether chronic or acute, are frequent in both children and adults and result in an economic burden in health care systems. In particular, for an immunocompromised patient, respiratory infection leads to acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, a leading cause of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Most respiratory infections are caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, smoking, or air pollution. Over the last two decades, considerable improvements have been made in understanding and identifying respiratory infections. Various biosensing techniques have been developed with a range of targets to identify the infection at earlier stages. Recently, nanomaterials have been effectively applied to improve biosensors and their analytical performances. This review discusses recent biosensor developments for identifying respiratory infections caused by viruses and bacteria assisted by different types of nanomaterials and target molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jing Wei
- Chaoyang District of the Third Hospital, 1268 Jiuzhou Street, Xihu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaorong Niu
- Chaoyang District of the Third Hospital, 1268 Jiuzhou Street, Xihu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - GuoYin Liu
- Chaoyang District of the Third Hospital, 1268 Jiuzhou Street, Xihu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Li Yu
- Chaoyang District of the Third Hospital, 1268 Jiuzhou Street, Xihu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Chaoyang District of the Third Hospital, 1268 Jiuzhou Street, Xihu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Chaoyang District of the Third Hospital, 1268 Jiuzhou Street, Xihu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Chaoyang District of the Third Hospital, 1268 Jiuzhou Street, Xihu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
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5
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Jiao C, Wang B, Chen P, Jiang Y, Liu J. Analysis of the conserved protective epitopes of hemagglutinin on influenza A viruses. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1086297. [PMID: 36875062 PMCID: PMC9981632 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1086297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The conserved protective epitopes of hemagglutinin (HA) are essential to the design of a universal influenza vaccine and new targeted therapeutic agents. Over the last 15 years, numerous broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) targeting the HA of influenza A viruses have been isolated from B lymphocytes of human donors and mouse models, and their binding epitopes identified. This work has brought new perspectives for identifying conserved protective epitopes of HA. In this review, we succinctly analyzed and summarized the antigenic epitopes and functions of more than 70 kinds of bnAb. The highly conserved protective epitopes are concentrated on five regions of HA: the hydrophobic groove, the receptor-binding site, the occluded epitope region of the HA monomers interface, the fusion peptide region, and the vestigial esterase subdomain. Our analysis clarifies the distribution of the conserved protective epitope regions on HA and provides distinct targets for the design of novel vaccines and therapeutics to combat influenza A virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Pucheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yongping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jinxiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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6
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Gopinath SCB, Ismail ZH, Sekiguchi K. Biosensing epidemic and pandemic respiratory viruses: Internet of Things with Gaussian noise channel algorithmic model. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:2507-2516. [PMID: 34894363 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The current world condition is dire due to epidemics and pandemics as a result of novel viruses, such as influenza and the coronavirus, causing acute respiratory syndrome. To overcome these critical situations, the current research seeks to generate a common surveillance system with the assistance of a controlled Internet of Things operated under a Gaussian noise channel. To create the model system, a study with an analysis of H1N1 influenza virus determination on an interdigitated electrode (IDE) sensor was validated by current-volt measurements. The preliminary data were generated using hemagglutinin as the target against gold-conjugated aptamer/antibody as the probe, with the transmission pattern showing consistency with the Gaussian noise channel algorithm. A good fit with the algorithmic values was found, displaying a similar pattern to that output from the IDE, indicating reliability. This study can be a model for the surveillance of varied pathogens, including the emergence and reemergence of novel strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash C B Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia.,Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia.,Centre of Excellence for Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine (CoExNano), Faculty of applied Sciences, AIMST University, Semeling, Kedah, 08100, Malaysia
| | - Zool H Ismail
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, 51400, Malaysia
| | - Kazuma Sekiguchi
- Advanced Control Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Tokyo City University (TCU), Tamazutsumi Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-8557, Japan
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7
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Xing J, Zhang Y, Xu S, Zeng X. Nanomaterial assisted diagnosis of dopamine to determine attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - ‘An issue with Chinese children’. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Ghafouri T, Manavizadeh N. Design and simulation of a millifluidic device for differential detection of SARS-CoV-2 and H1N1 based on triboelectricity. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 145:108096. [PMID: 35316730 PMCID: PMC8923711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Differential diagnosis of pathogenic diseases, presently coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza, is crucial with due attention to their superspreading events, presumably long incubation period, particular complications, and treatments. In this paper, a label-free, self-powered, and ultrafast immunosensor device working based on triboelectric effect is proposed. Equilibrium constants of specific antibody-antigen reactions are accompanied by IEP-relevant electric charges of antigens to recognize SARS-CoV-2 and H1N1. Simulation attributes including fluid flow and geometrical parameters are optimized so that the maximum capture efficiency of 85.63% is achieved. Accordingly, antibody-antigen complexes form electric double layers (EDLs) across the channel interfaces. The resultant built-in electric field affects the following external electric field derived from triboelectricity, leading to the variation of open-circuit voltage as a sensing metric. The device is flexible to operate in conductor-to-dielectric single-electrode and contact-separation modes simultaneously. While the detection limit is reduced utilizing the single-electrode mode compared to the latter one, surface treatment of the triboelectric pair contributes to the sensitivity enhancement. A threshold value equal to −4.113 V is featured to discriminate these two viruses in a vast detectable region; however, further surface engineering can allow the on-site detection of any electrically-charged pathogen applying the emerging triboelectric immunosensor enjoying a lower detection limit.
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9
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Dzuvor CKO, Tettey EL, Danquah MK. Aptamers as promising nanotheranostic tools in the COVID-19 pandemic era. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1785. [PMID: 35238490 PMCID: PMC9111085 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of SARS‐COV‐2, the causative agent of new coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) has become a pandemic threat. Early and precise detection of the virus is vital for effective diagnosis and treatment. Various testing kits and assays, including nucleic acid detection methods, antigen tests, serological tests, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), have been implemented or are being explored to detect the virus and/or characterize cellular and antibody responses to the infection. However, these approaches have inherent drawbacks such as nonspecificity, high cost, are characterized by long turnaround times for test results, and can be labor‐intensive. Also, the circulating SARS‐COV‐2 variant of concerns, reduced antibody sensitivity and/or neutralization, and possible antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) have warranted the search for alternative potent therapeutics. Aptamers, which are single‐stranded oligonucleotides, generated artificially by SELEX (Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) may offer the capacity to generate high‐affinity neutralizers and/or bioprobes for monitoring relevant SARS‐COV‐2 and COVID‐19 biomarkers. This article reviews and discusses the prospects of implementing aptamers for rapid point‐of‐care detection and treatment of SARS‐COV‐2. We highlight other SARS‐COV‐2 targets (N protein, spike protein stem‐helix), SELEX augmented with competition assays and in silico technologies for rapid discovery and isolation of theranostic aptamers against COVID‐19 and future pandemics. It further provides an overview on site‐specific bioconjugation approaches, customizable molecular scaffolding strategies, and nanotechnology platforms to engineer these aptamers into ultrapotent blockers, multivalent therapeutics, and vaccines to boost both humoral and cellular immunity against the virus. This article is categorized under:Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Respiratory Disease
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian K O Dzuvor
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Michael K Danquah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
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10
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Chen XF, Zhao X, Yang Z. Aptamer-Based Antibacterial and Antiviral Therapy against Infectious Diseases. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17601-17626. [PMID: 34854680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules selected in vitro that can bind to a broad range of targets with high affinity and specificity. As promising alternatives to conventional anti-infective agents, aptamers have gradually revealed their potential in the combat against infectious diseases. This article provides an overview on the state-of-art of aptamer-based antibacterial and antiviral therapeutic strategies. Diverse aptamers targeting pathogen-related components or whole pathogenic cells are summarized according to the species of microorganisms. These aptamers exhibited remarkable in vitro and/or in vivo inhibitory effect for pathogenic invasion, enzymatic activities, or viral replication, even for some highly drug-resistant strains and biofilms. Aptamer-mediated drug delivery and controlled drug release strategies are also included herein. Critical technical barriers of therapeutic aptamers are briefly discussed, followed by some future perspectives for their implementation into clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.,Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou 510320, PR China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510005, PR China
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11
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Lucarelli V, Colbert D, Li S, Cumming M, Linklater W, Mitchell J, Travas-Sejdic J, Kralicek A. Selection and characterization of DNA aptamers for the rat major urinary protein 13 (MUP13) as selective biorecognition elements for sensitive detection of rat pests. Talanta 2021; 240:123073. [PMID: 35026634 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Among invasive mammalian predators, rats represent a major threat, endangering ecosystem functioning worldwide. After rat-control operations, detecting their continued presence or reinvasion requires more sensitive and lower cost detection technologies. Here, we develop a new sensing paradigm by using a specific rat urine biomarker (MUP13) to unambiguously signal the presence of rats. As the first step towards a new remote surveillance technology, aptamers were selected to MUP13 using the Flu-Mag SELEX method. Six aptamer candidates were initially screened by dot blot and two of them (Apt-2.5 and Apt-1.4) exhibited high affinity and specificity. Both aptamers were further characterized by bead-based assay to confirm affinity and selectivity. The lead aptamer candidates were then applied to fluorescence anisotropy (FA) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensor platforms, showing dissociation constants in the nanomolar range and high specificity towards their target. The SPR biosensor had limits of detection of 13.8 and 7.5 nM for Apt-2.5 and Apt-1.4, respectively, which are more than three orders of magnitude lower than the physiological concentrations found in rat urine. Selectivity of the aptamers, when comparing with other major urinary proteins, was excellent, indicating strong efficacy in specific detection of rats. In order to validate the aptamer Apt-2.5 for use with real world samples a FA-based assay was performed on a rat urine sample. The assay showed that the aptamer could detect recombinant MUP13 spiked in filtered urine and the natural MUP13 in unfiltered urine, as a first step into translation to real world application. These are the first known assays to detect and quantify a MUP biomarker of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Lucarelli
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand; Polymer Biointerface Centre, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand; MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
| | - Damon Colbert
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Shiwei Li
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Mathew Cumming
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Linklater
- Department of Environmental Studies, California State University, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - John Mitchell
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
- Polymer Biointerface Centre, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand; MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand.
| | - Andrew Kralicek
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
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12
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Aptamers in Virology-A Consolidated Review of the Most Recent Advancements in Diagnosis and Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101646. [PMID: 34683938 PMCID: PMC8540715 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of short oligonucleotide or peptide molecules as target-specific aptamers has recently garnered substantial attention in the field of the detection and treatment of viral infections. Based on their high affinity and high specificity to desired targets, their use is on the rise to replace antibodies for the detection of viruses and viral antigens. Furthermore, aptamers inhibit intracellular viral transcription and translation, in addition to restricting viral entry into host cells. This has opened up a plethora of new targets for the research and development of novel vaccines against viruses. Here, we discuss the advances made in aptamer technology for viral diagnosis and therapy in the past decade.
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13
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Wan Q, Liu X, Zu Y. Oligonucleotide aptamers for pathogen detection and infectious disease control. Theranostics 2021; 11:9133-9161. [PMID: 34522231 PMCID: PMC8419047 DOI: 10.7150/thno.61804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During an epidemic or pandemic, the primary task is to rapidly develop precise diagnostic approaches and effective therapeutics. Oligonucleotide aptamer-based pathogen detection assays and control therapeutics are promising, as aptamers that specifically recognize and block pathogens can be quickly developed and produced through simple chemical synthesis. This work reviews common aptamer-based diagnostic techniques for communicable diseases and summarizes currently available aptamers that target various pathogens, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Moreover, this review discusses how oligonucleotide aptamers might be leveraged to control pathogen propagation and improve host immune system responses. This review offers a comprehensive data source to the further develop aptamer-based diagnostics and therapeutics specific for infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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14
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Acquah C, Jeevanandam J, Tan KX, Danquah MK. Engineered Aptamers for Enhanced COVID-19 Theranostics. Cell Mol Bioeng 2021; 14:209-221. [PMID: 33488836 PMCID: PMC7810429 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-020-00664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The 2019-novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an intractable global health challenge resulting in an aberrant rate of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The mode of entry for SARS-CoV-2 into host cells occurs through clathrin-mediated endocytosis. As part of the efforts to mitigate COVID-19 infections, rapid and accurate detection methods, as well as smart vaccine and drug designs with SARS-CoV-2 targeting capabilities are critically needed. This systematic review aimed to present a good mapping between the structural and functional characteristics of aptamers and their potential applications in COVID-19 theranostics. METHODS In this study, extensive discussions into the potential development of aptameric systems as robust theranostics for rapid mitigation of the virulent SARS-CoV-2 was made. Information required for this study were extracted from a systematic review of literature in PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science (WOS), and other official related reports from reputable organisations. RESULTS The global burden of COVID-19 pandemic was discussed including the progress in rapid detection, repurposing of existing antiviral drugs, and development of prophylactic vaccines. Aptamers have highly specific and stable target binding characteristics which can be generated and engineered with less complexity for COVID-19 targeted theranostic applications. CONCLUSIONS There is an urgent need to develop safe innovative biomedical technologies to mitigate the dire impact of COVID-19 on public health worldwide. Research advances into aptameric systems bode well with the fact that they can be engineered for the development of effective and affordable diagnostics, therapeutics and prophylactic vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Acquah
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5 Canada
| | - Jaison Jeevanandam
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Kei Xian Tan
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798 Singapore
| | - Michael K. Danquah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN 37403 USA
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15
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Kim TH, Lee SW. Aptamers for Anti-Viral Therapeutics and Diagnostics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084168. [PMID: 33920628 PMCID: PMC8074132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections cause a host of fatal diseases and seriously affect every form of life from bacteria to humans. Although most viral infections can receive appropriate treatment thereby limiting damage to life and livelihood with modern medicine and early diagnosis, new types of viral infections are continuously emerging that need to be properly and timely treated. As time is the most important factor in the progress of many deadly viral diseases, early detection becomes of paramount importance for effective treatment. Aptamers are small oligonucleotide molecules made by the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Aptamers are characterized by being able to specifically bind to a target, much like antibodies. However, unlike antibodies, aptamers are easily synthesized, modified, and are able to target a wider range of substances, including proteins and carbohydrates. With these advantages in mind, many studies on aptamer-based viral diagnosis and treatments are currently in progress. The use of aptamers for viral diagnosis requires a system that recognizes the binding of viral molecules to aptamers in samples of blood, serum, plasma, or in virus-infected cells. From a therapeutic perspective, aptamers target viral particles or host cell receptors to prevent the interaction between the virus and host cells or target intracellular viral proteins to interrupt the life cycle of the virus within infected cells. In this paper, we review recent attempts to use aptamers for the diagnosis and treatment of various viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
| | - Seong-Wook Lee
- Department of Life Convergence, Research Institute of Advanced Omics, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Korea
- R&D Center, Rznomics Inc., Seongnam 13486, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Antivirals Targeting the Surface Glycoproteins of Influenza Virus: Mechanisms of Action and Resistance. Viruses 2021; 13:v13040624. [PMID: 33917376 PMCID: PMC8067422 DOI: 10.3390/v13040624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, which constitute the glycoprotein spikes expressed on the surface of influenza A and B viruses, are the most exposed parts of the virus and play critical roles in the viral lifecycle. As such, they make prominent targets for the immune response and antiviral drugs. Neuraminidase inhibitors, particularly oseltamivir, constitute the most commonly used antivirals against influenza viruses, and they have proved their clinical utility against seasonal and emerging influenza viruses. However, the emergence of resistant strains remains a constant threat and consideration. Antivirals targeting the hemagglutinin protein are relatively new and have yet to gain global use but are proving to be effective additions to the antiviral repertoire, with a relatively high threshold for the emergence of resistance. Here we review antiviral drugs, both approved for clinical use and under investigation, that target the influenza virus hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins, focusing on their mechanisms of action and the emergence of resistance to them.
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17
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Ye M, Lin L, Yang W, Gopinath SCB. Enhancing erythrocyte-influenza virus specificity by glycan-conjugated gold nanoparticle: Validation of hemagglutination by aptamer and neuraminidases. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:798-807. [PMID: 33769582 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrated the terminated sialo-sugar chains (Neu5Acα2,6Gal and Neu5Acα2,3Gal)-mediated specificity enhancement of influenza virus and chicken red blood cell (RBC) by hemagglutination assay. These glycan chains were immobilized on the gold nanoparticle (GNP) to withhold the higher numbers. With the preliminary optimization, a clear button formation with 0.5% RBC was visualized. On the other hand, intact B/Tokio/53/99 with 750 nM hemagglutinin (HA) displayed a nice hemagglutination. The interference on the specificity of RBC and influenza virus was observed by anti-influenza aptamer at the concentration 31 nM; however, there is no hemagglutination prevention was noticed in the presence of complementary aptamer sequences. Spiking GNP-conjugated Neu5Acα2,6Gal or Neu5Acα2,3Gal or a mixture of these two to the reaction promoted the hemagglutination to 63-folds higher with 12 nM virus, whereas under the same condition the heat-inactivated viruses were lost the hemagglutination. Neuraminidases from Clostridium perfringens and Arthrobacter ureafaciens at 0.0025 neuraminidase units are able to abolish the hemagglutination. Other enzymes, Glycopeptidase F (Elizabethkingia meningoseptica) and Endoglycosidase H (Streptomyces plicatus) did not show the changes with agglutination. Obviously, sialyl-Gal-terminated glycan-conjugated GNP amendment has enhanced the specificity of erythrocyte-influenza virus and able to be controlled by aptamer or neuraminidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyi Ye
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Dayi County People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Dayi County People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Dayi County People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia.,Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia
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Zhang Q, Liang T, Nandakumar KS, Liu S. Emerging and state of the art hemagglutinin-targeted influenza virus inhibitors. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 22:715-728. [PMID: 33327812 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1856814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Seasonal influenza vaccination, together with FDA-approved neuraminidase (NA) and polymerase acidic (PA) inhibitors, is the most effective way for prophylaxis and treatment of influenza infections. However, the low efficacy of prevailing vaccines to newly emerging influenza strains and increasing resistance to available drugs drives intense research to explore more effective inhibitors. Hemagglutinin (HA), one of the major surface proteins of influenza strains, represents an attractive therapeutic target to develop such new inhibitors.Areas covered: This review summarizes the current progress of HA-based influenza virus inhibitors and their mechanisms of action, which may facilitate further research in developing novel antiviral inhibitors for controlling influenza infections.Expert opinion: HA-mediated entry of influenza virus is an essential step for successful infection of the host, which makes HA a promising target for the development of antiviral drugs. Recent progress in delineating the crystal structures of HA, especially HA-inhibitors complexes, has revealed a number of key residues and conserved binding pockets within HA. This has opened up important insights for developing HA-based antiviral inhibitors that have a high resistance barrier and broad-spectrum activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Taizhen Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kutty Selva Nandakumar
- Southern Medical University-Karolinska Institute United Medical Inflammation Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Institute of Kidney Disease of Guangdong, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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19
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Unravelling the diagnostic and therapeutic potentialities of a novel RNA aptamer isolated against human pituitary tumour transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) protein. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1138:181-190. [PMID: 33161980 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human Pituitary Tumour Transforming Gene 1 (PTTG1) is an oncoprotein involved in maintaining chromosome stability and acts as a biomarker for a panel of cancers. In this study, we endeavoured to generate an RNA aptamer against PTTG1. The RNA aptamer, SECURA-3 has an estimated equilibrium dissociation constant of 16.41 ± 6.4 nM. The aptamer was successfully harnessed in several diagnostic platforms including ELASA, aptamer-based dot blot and aptamer-based western blot. SECURA-3 was also unveiled as a potential probe that could replace its counterpart antibody in the histostaining-based detection of PTTG1 in HeLa and MCF-7 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cell blocks. In the aspect of therapeutics, SECURA-3 RNA aptamer demonstrates an antagonistic effect by antagonizing the interaction between PTTG1 and CXCR2, as revealed in the in vitro competitive nitrocellulose filter binding assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay in HeLa cells. As the first anti-PTTG1 aptamer, SECURA-3 RNA aptamer has immense diagnostic and therapeutic properties.
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Roberts A, Chauhan N, Islam S, Mahari S, Ghawri B, Gandham RK, Majumdar SS, Ghosh A, Gandhi S. Graphene functionalized field-effect transistors for ultrasensitive detection of Japanese encephalitis and Avian influenza virus. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14546. [PMID: 32884083 PMCID: PMC7471952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71591-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene, a two-dimensional nanomaterial, has gained immense interest in biosensing applications due to its large surface-to-volume ratio, and excellent electrical properties. Herein, a compact and user-friendly graphene field effect transistor (GraFET) based ultrasensitive biosensor has been developed for detecting Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) and Avian Influenza Virus (AIV). The novel sensing platform comprised of carboxy functionalized graphene on Si/SiO2 substrate for covalent immobilization of monoclonal antibodies of JEV and AIV. The bioconjugation and fabrication process of GraFET was characterized by various biophysical techniques such as Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis), Raman, Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The change in the resistance due to antigen-antibody interaction was monitored in real time to evaluate the electrical response of the sensors. The sensors were tested in the range of 1 fM to 1 μM for both JEV and AIV antigens, and showed a limit of detection (LOD) upto 1 fM and 10 fM for JEV and AIV respectively under optimised conditions. Along with ease of fabrication, the GraFET devices were highly sensitive, specific, reproducible, and capable of detecting ultralow levels of JEV and AIV antigen. Moreover, these devices can be easily integrated into miniaturized FET-based real-time sensors for the rapid, cost-effective, and early Point of Care (PoC) diagnosis of JEV and AIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Roberts
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500032, India
| | - Neha Chauhan
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Saurav Islam
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Subhasis Mahari
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500032, India
| | - Bhaskar Ghawri
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gandham
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500032, India
| | - S S Majumdar
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500032, India
| | - Arindam Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012, India
- Center for Nanoscience and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Sonu Gandhi
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500032, India.
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21
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Qian J, Xie J, Lakshmipriya T, Gopinath SCB, Xu H. Heart Infection Prognosis Analysis by Two-dimensional Spot Tracking Imaging. Curr Med Imaging 2020; 16:534-544. [PMID: 32484087 DOI: 10.2174/1573405615666190130164037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular death is one of the leading causes worldwide; an accurate identification followed by diagnosing the cardiovascular disease increases the chance of a better recovery. Among different demonstrated strategies, imaging on cardiac infections yields a visible result and highly reliable compared to other analytical methods. Two-dimensional spot tracking imaging is the emerging new technology that has been used to study the function and structure of the heart and test the deformation and movement of the myocardium. Particularly, it helps to capture the images of each segment in different directions of myocardial strain values, such as valves of radial strain, longitudinal strain, and circumferential strain. In this overview, we discussed the imaging of infections in the heart by using the two-dimensional spot tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qian
- Department of ICU, Shuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuyang, Suqian, Jiangsu 223600, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of ICU, Shuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuyang, Suqian, Jiangsu 223600, China
| | - Thangavel Lakshmipriya
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia.,School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Huaigang Xu
- Department of ICU, Shuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuyang, Suqian, Jiangsu 223600, China
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22
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Cheng H, Yang L, Cai Z, Qiao X, Du L, Hou J, Chen J, Zheng Q. Development of haemagglutination assay for titration of porcine circovirus type 2. Anal Biochem 2020; 598:113706. [PMID: 32275892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) was one of the most economically important viral pathogens in all the swine-producing countries and often resulted in tremendous economic losses for the swine industry. As PCV2 could not cause cytopathogenic effects while propagated in infected cells, many complicated experiments should be performed to titrate its virus titer. In this study we developed a simple and effective hemagglutination assay for titration of virus titer of PCV2. To develop the hemagglutination assay, a recombinant bispecific nanobody (BsNb) against PCV2 and chicken red blood cells (cRBCs) was constructed based on two nanobodies (NbPCV11 and NbRBC48) which were selected from the non-immunized nanobody library, respectively. The hemagglutination assay was used to titrate the virus titer of PCV2 propagated in cell culture by simple naked-eye observation within 30 min, with the detection limit of 104.09 tissue culture infective dose 50 (TCID50)/mL, excellent specificity and reproducibility. Therefore, the hemagglutination assay had potential to be a rapid, reliable, cost-effective, user-friendly qualitative and semi-quantitative tool for titration of virus titer of PCV2 during the vaccine manufacturing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Cheng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zizheng Cai
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xuwen Qiao
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Luping Du
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jibo Hou
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Qisheng Zheng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, China.
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23
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Bao X, Huo G, Li L, Cao X, Liu Y, Lakshmipriya T, Chen Y, Hariri F, Gopinath SCB. Coordinated Dispersion and Aggregation of Gold Nanorod in Aptamer-Mediated Gestational Hypertension Analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:5676159. [PMID: 31827972 PMCID: PMC6881590 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5676159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Gestational hypertension is one of the complicated disorders during pregnancy; it causes the significant risks, such as placental abruption, neonatal deaths, and maternal deaths. Hypertension is also responsible for the metabolic and cardiovascular issues to the mother after the years of pregnancy. Identifying and treating gestational hypertension during pregnancy by a suitable biomarker is mandatory for the healthy mother and foetus development. Cortisol has been found as a steroid hormone that is secreted by the adrenal gland and plays a pivotal role in gestational hypertension. A normal circulating level of cortisol is involved in the regulation of blood pressure, and it is necessary to monitor the changes in the level of cortisol during pregnancy. In this work, aptamer-based colorimetric assay is demonstrated as a model with gold nanorod to quantify the level of cortisol using the coordinated aggregation (at 500 mM of NaCl) and dispersion (with 10 μM of aptamer), evidenced by the scanning electron microscopy observation and UV-visible spectroscopy analysis. This colorimetric assay is an easier visual detection and reached the limit of detection of cortisol at 0.25 mg/mL. This method is reliable to identify the condition of gestational hypertension during the pregnancy period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiucui Bao
- Department of Obstetrics, Yihe Maternity District of Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, China
| | - Gaoxiang Huo
- Department of Obstetrics, Yihe Maternity District of Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Yihe Maternity District of Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, China
| | - Xuebin Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Cangxian Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, China
| | - Yamei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Yihe Maternity District of Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, China
| | - Thangavel Lakshmipriya
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Firdaus Hariri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Subash C. B. Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
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Wang F, Gopinath SCB, Lakshmipriya T. Aptamer-Antibody Complementation On Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube-Gold Transduced Dielectrode Surfaces To Detect Pandemic Swine Influenza Virus. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8469-8481. [PMID: 31695375 PMCID: PMC6821056 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s219976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A pandemic influenza viral strain, influenza A/California/07/2009 (pdmH1N1), has been considered to be a potential issue that needs to be controlled to avoid the seasonal emergence of mutated strains. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, aptamer-antibody complementation was implemented on a multiwalled carbon nanotube-gold conjugated sensing surface with a dielectrode to detect pandemic pdmH1N1. Preliminary biomolecular and dielectrode surface analyses were performed by molecular and microscopic methods. A stable anti-pdmH1N1 aptamer sequence interacted with hemagglutinin (HA) and was compared with the antibody interaction. Both aptamer and antibody attachments on the surface as the basic molecule attained the saturation at nanomolar levels. RESULTS Aptamers were found to have higher affinity and electric response than antibodies against HA of pdmH1N1. Linear regression with aptamer-HA interaction displays sensitivity in the range of 10 fM, whereas antibody-HA interaction shows a 100-fold lower level (1 pM). When sandwich-based detection of aptamer-HA-antibody and antibody-HA-aptamer was performed, a higher response of current was observed in both cases. Moreover, the detection strategy with aptamer clearly discriminated the closely related HA of influenza B/Tokyo/53/99 and influenza A/Panama/2007/1999 (H3N2). CONCLUSION The high performance of the abovementioned detection methods was supported by the apparent specificity and reproducibility by the demonstrated sensing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases,Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou Children’s Hospitality, Zhengzhou450053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Subash CB Gopinath
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Perlis02600, Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis01000, Malaysia
| | - Thangavel Lakshmipriya
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis01000, Malaysia
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25
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Ma X, Lakshmipriya T, Gopinath SCB. Recent Advances in Identifying Biomarkers and High-Affinity Aptamers for Gynecologic Cancers Diagnosis and Therapy. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:5426974. [PMID: 31583159 PMCID: PMC6754908 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5426974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the uncontrollable abnormal division of cell growth, caused due to the varied reasons. Cancer can be expressed in any part of the body, and it is one of the death-causing diseases. Human reproductive organs are commonly damaged by cancer. In particular, the women reproductive system is affected by various cancers including ovarian, cervical, endometrial, vaginal, fallopian tube, and vulvar cancers. Identifying these cancers at earlier stages prevents the damage to the organs. Aptamer is the potential probe that can identify these cancers. Aptamer is an artificial antibody selected from the randomized library of molecules and has a high binding affinity to the target biomarker. Targeting cancers in the reproductive organs using aptamers showed an excellent efficiency of detection compared to other probes. Different aptamers have been generated against the gynaecological cancer biomarkers, which include HE4, CA125, VEGF, OCCA (for ovarian cancer), EGFR, FGFR1, K-ras (for endometrial cancer), HPV E-16, HPV E-7, HPV E-6, tyrosine, and kinase (for cervical cancer), which help to identify the cancers in woman reproductive organs. In this overview, the biomarkers for gynecologic cancers and the relevant diagnosing systems generated using the specific aptamers are discussed. Furthermore, the therapeutic applications of aptamer with gynaecological cancers are narrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Ma
- Deparment of Gynecology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Thangavel Lakshmipriya
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Subash C. B. Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
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26
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Guo S, Lakshmipriya T, Gopinath SCB, Anbu P, Feng Y. Complementation of ELISA and an Interdigitated Electrode Surface in Gold Nanoparticle Functionalization for Effective Detection of Human Blood Clotting Defects. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:222. [PMID: 31267309 PMCID: PMC6606688 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Developing an enhanced diagnosis using biosensors is important for the treatment of patients before disease complications arise. Improving biosensors would enable the detection of various low-abundance disease biomarkers. Efficient immobilization of probes/receptors on the sensing surface is one of the efficient ways to enhance detection. Herein, we introduced the pre-alkaline sensing surface with amine functionalization for capturing gold nanoparticle (GNP) conjugated to human blood clotting factor IX (FIX), and we demonstrated the excellent performance of the strategy. We have chosen the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the interdigitated electrode (IDE), which are widely used, to demonstrate our method. The optimal amount for silanization has been found to be 2.5%, and 15-nm-sized GNPs are ideal and characterized. The limit of FIX detection was attained with ELISA at 100 pM with the premixed GNPs and FIX, which shows 60-fold improvement in sensitivity without biofouling, as compared to the conventional ELISA. Further, FIX was detected with higher specificity in human serum at a 1:1280 dilution, which is equivalent to 120 pM FIX. These results were complemented by the analysis on IDE, where improved detection at 25 pM was achieved, and FIX was detected in human serum at the dilution of 1:640. These optimized surfaces are useful for improving the detection of different diseases on varied sensing surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikui Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032 Yunnan China
| | - Thangavel Lakshmipriya
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis Malaysia
| | - Subash C. B. Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis Malaysia
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis Malaysia
| | - Periasamy Anbu
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 402-751 Republic of Korea
| | - Yaoyu Feng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kumming, 650032 Yunnan China
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Bhardwaj J, Chaudhary N, Kim H, Jang J. Subtyping of influenza A H1N1 virus using a label-free electrochemical biosensor based on the DNA aptamer targeting the stem region of HA protein. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1064:94-103. [PMID: 30982523 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Rapid subtyping of influenza viruses in clinical laboratories has been increasingly important because three subtypes (seasonal H1N1, H3N2, and 2009 H1N1) of influenza A virus currently disseminated in humans have variable susceptibilities to antiviral drug. Herein, we present DNA aptamers for selective detection of influenza A H1N1 (seasonal and 2009 pandemic H1N1) viruses by targeting recombinant influenza A mini-hemagglutinin (mini-HA) protein (the stable stem region of HA) and whole H1N1 viruses. The dissociation constants (KD) of aptamer candidates V46 and V57 were 19.2 nM and 29.6 nM, respectively, according to electrochemical characterization (differential pulse voltammetry), demonstrating strong binding to mini-HA. In comparison, the KD of the influenza virus antibodies is in the range of 1 μM-10 nM. Aptamer V46 showed higher specificity and binding affinity to the mini-HA protein and H1N1 subtypes, and it was also incorporated into an indium tin oxide-based electrochemical sensor, showing sensitive and specific detection of H1N1 viruses, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.7 plaque-forming units per mL. The binding affinity, specificity, and LOD achieved with the electrochemical sensor suggest that it can be used for rapid subtyping of H1N1. We also propose that this aptamer can be used for the neutralization of H1N1 subtypes, suggesting potential therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Bhardwaj
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Narendra Chaudhary
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea; Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hajin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea; Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea; School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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Wang C, Lakshmipriya T, Gopinath SCB. Amine-Aldehyde Chemical Conjugation on a Potassium Hydroxide-Treated Polystyrene ELISA Surface for Nanosensing an HIV-p24 Antigen. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:21. [PMID: 30644016 PMCID: PMC6331347 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been widely used for disease surveillance and drug screening due to its relatively higher accuracy and sensitivity. Fine-tuning the ELISA is mandatory to elevate the specific detection of biomolecules at a lower abundance. Towards this end, higher molecular capture on the polystyrene (PS) ELISA surface is crucial for efficient detection, and it could be attained by immobilizing the molecules in the correct orientation. It is highly challenging to immobilize protein molecules in a well-aligned manner on an ELISA surface due to charge variations. We employed a 3-(aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES)- and glutaraldehyde (GLU)-coupled PS surface chemical strategy to demonstrate the high performance with ELISA. A potassium hydroxide treatment followed by an equal ratio of 1% APTES and GLU attachment was found to be optimal, and a longer incubation with GLU favored maximum sensitivity. p24 is a vital early secreting antigen for diagnosing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and it has been used for efficient detection with the above chemistry. Three different procedures were followed, and they led to the improved detection of the HIV-p24 antigen at 1 nM, which is a 30-fold higher level compared to a conventional ELISA surface. The surface chemical functionalization shown here also displays a higher specificity with human serum and HIV-TAT. The above approach with the designed surface chemistry could also be recommended for disease diagnosis on other sensing surfaces involving the interaction of the probe and the analyte in heterogeneous test samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunzhen Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou City, 450000 Henan Province China
| | - Thangavel Lakshmipriya
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructure and Nanodevices, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan Malaysia
| | - Subash C. B. Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis Malaysia
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis Malaysia
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Leblebici P, Leirs K, Spasic D, Lammertyn J. Encoded particle microfluidic platform for rapid multiplexed screening and characterization of aptamers against influenza A nucleoprotein. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1053:70-80. [PMID: 30712571 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers represent interesting bioreceptor alternatives to antibodies when developing a bioassay and are selected by the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) process. After selection, an extensive characterization process is essential to verify the binding affinity and specificity of aptamer candidates, which is the most time-consuming and costly step. In this study, we assessed a new microfluidic platform, namely Evalution™, as a rapid and high throughput aptamer characterization platform. To do this, we first selected aptamers against influenza A nucleoprotein (infA NP) by performing magnetic bead-based SELEX. The selected aptamer candidates were subsequently screened using Evalution™ for their binding kinetics and specificity towards infA NP. All aptamers showed dissociation constants (KD) in the low nanomolar range (from 13 to 41 nM), and differential binding behavior towards control proteins, such as BSA and influenza B nucleoprotein (infB NP). Among 5 selected candidates, one aptamer (NP5) exhibited a significant discrimination between infA NP and infB NP and was further used to benchmark the kinetic analysis of Evalution™ (KD = 41 nM) with an SPR platform (KD = 17 nM). These results suggested that NP5 has the potential to be used for developing sensitive and infA NP specific aptamer-based assay. Moreover, the presented platform proved to be an efficient aptamer characterization tool for performing typical aptamer characterization experiments like binding kinetics (due to the real-time monitoring feature) and specificity assessment in a high-throughput manner due to the multiplexing capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Leblebici
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Leirs
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dragana Spasic
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
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30
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Wang FA, Lakshmipriya T, Gopinath SCB. Red Spectral Shift in Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Tuberculosis by ESAT-6 Antigen-Antibody Complex: a New Strategy with Gold Nanoparticle. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:331. [PMID: 30353254 PMCID: PMC6199200 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious life-threatening disease caused by the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ESAT-6, an abundant early secretory antigenic target protein by M. tuberculosis, found to play a vital role in virulence. Developing a friendly method for the detection of ESAT-6 at the lower concentration facilitates to treat TB at an earlier stage and helps to control the spreading of disease. Herein, a new single-step approach was designed and was done by pre-mixing ESAT-6 and antibody before being added to the gold nanoparticle (GNP) followed by the salt-induced aggregation. We could attain the detection limit of 1.25 pM, showing the aggregation of GNP and the red spectral shift. Further, a higher specificity was demonstrated with the lack of electrostatic biofouling by ESAT-6 on GNP and retained the dispersed GNP in the presence of 10-kDa culture filtrate protein from M. tuberculosis. The required precise antibody concentration for this assay was found to be 60 nM. The increment in the antibody concentration from 75 nM drastically diminishes the sensitivity to ~ 680-fold, due to the crowding effect. With this assay, we attested the suitability of colorimetric assay for efficiently detecting the smaller-sized protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-an Wang
- Pingdingshan University Medical School, Pingdingshan City, 467000 Henan China
| | - Thangavel Lakshmipriya
- Centre of Innovative Nanostructure & Nanodevices, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan Malaysia
| | - Subash C. B. Gopinath
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis Malaysia
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31
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Therapeutic aptamers in discovery, preclinical and clinical stages. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 134:51-64. [PMID: 30125605 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aptamer field witnessed steady growth during the past 28 years as evident from the exponentially increasing number of related publications. The field is "coming of age", but like other biomedical research areas facing a global push towards translational research to carry ideas from bench- to bedside, there is pressure to show impact for aptamers at the clinical end. Being easy-to-make, non-immunogenic, stable and high-affinity nano-ligands, aptamers are perfectly poised to move in this direction. They can specifically bind targets ranging from small molecules to complex multimeric structures, making them potentially useful in a limitless variety of therapeutic approaches. This review will summarize efforts made to accomplish the therapeutic promise of aptamers, with a focus on aptamers directly acting as therapeutic molecules, rather than those used in targeted delivery of other drugs. The review will showcase representative examples at various stages of development, covering different disease categories.
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32
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Aptamers that bind to the human complement component receptor hC5aR1 interfere with hC5aR1 interaction to its hC5a ligand. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:851-864. [PMID: 29981048 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4231-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The complement system plays an important role in inflammation and immunity. In this system, a potent inflammatory ligand is C5a, which initiates its effects by activating its core receptor C5aR1. Thus, compounds that interfere with the C5a-C5aR1 interaction could alleviate some inflammatory conditions. Consequently, several ligands that bind to either C5a or C5aR1 have previously been isolated and evaluated. In the present study, two RNA aptamers, aptamer 1 and aptamer 9, that specifically bind to hC5aR1 with much higher affinity than antibodies were isolated. These two aptamers were tested for their ability to interfere with the cognate ligand of hC5aR1, C5a, using a chemotaxis assay. Both aptamer 1 and 9 interfered with the C5a interaction, suggesting that the aptamers recognized the extracellular domain of hC5aR1 responsible for hC5a ligand binding. Considering the higher affinity of aptamers to the hC5aR1 and their interference with hC5a ligand binding, further study is warranted to explore not only their applications in the diagnosis of inflammatory diseases but also their usefulness in modulating hC5a and hC5aR1 interactions.
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33
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Pan Q, Luo F, Liu M, Zhang XL. Oligonucleotide aptamers: promising and powerful diagnostic and therapeutic tools for infectious diseases. J Infect 2018; 77:83-98. [PMID: 29746951 PMCID: PMC7112547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The entire human population is at risk of infectious diseases worldwide. Thus far, the diagnosis and treatment of human infectious diseases at the molecular and nanoscale levels have been extremely challenging tasks because of the lack of effective probes to identify and recognize biomarkers of pathogens. Oligonucleotide aptamers are a class of small nucleic acid ligands that are composed of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or RNA and act as affinity probes or molecular recognition elements for a variety of targets. These aptamers have an exciting potential for diagnose and/or treatment of specific diseases. In this review, we highlight areas where aptamers have been developed as diagnostic and therapeutic agents for both bacterial and viral infectious diseases as well as aptamer-based detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy Wuhan University School of Medicine, Donghu Road 185#, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Fengling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy Wuhan University School of Medicine, Donghu Road 185#, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy Wuhan University School of Medicine, Donghu Road 185#, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Xiao-Lian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy Wuhan University School of Medicine, Donghu Road 185#, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
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34
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Hassanpour S, Baradaran B, Hejazi M, Hasanzadeh M, Mokhtarzadeh A, de la Guardia M. Recent trends in rapid detection of influenza infections by bio and nanobiosensor. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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35
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Petersen RL. Strategies Using Bio-Layer Interferometry Biosensor Technology for Vaccine Research and Development. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2017; 7:bios7040049. [PMID: 29088096 PMCID: PMC5746772 DOI: 10.3390/bios7040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bio-layer interferometry (BLI) real-time, label-free technology has greatly contributed to advances in vaccine research and development. BLI Octet platforms offer high-throughput, ease of use, reliability, and high precision analysis when compared with common labeling techniques. Many different strategies have been used to immobilize the pathogen or host molecules on BLI biosensors for real-time kinetics and affinity analysis, quantification, or high-throughput titer. These strategies can be used in multiple applications and shed light onto the structural and functional aspects molecules play during pathogen-host interactions. They also provide crucial information on how to achieve protection. This review summarizes some key BLI strategies used in human vaccine research and development.
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36
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Gopinath SCB, Perumal V, Balakrishnan S, Md Arshad MK, Lakshmipriya T, Haarindraprasad R, Hashim U. Aptamer-based determination of ATP by using a functionalized impedimetric nanosensor and mediation by a triangular junction transducer. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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37
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Melnichuk N, Semernikova L, Tkachuk Z. Complexes of Oligoribonucleotides with D-Mannitol Inhibit Hemagglutinin-Glycan Interaction and Suppress Influenza A Virus H1N1 (A/FM/1/47) Infectivity In Vitro. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2017; 10:ph10030071. [PMID: 28792452 PMCID: PMC5620615 DOI: 10.3390/ph10030071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) mediates both receptor (glycan) binding and membrane fusion for cell entry and has been the basis for subtyping influenza viruses. The oligoribonucleotides-d-mannitol (ORNs-d-M) complexes possess an anti-influenza activity in vitro and in vivo. In the present studies, we have found that ORNs-d-M interferes with hemagglutinin (HA)–glycan interaction and suppress viral infection in host cells. HA–glycan interactions were evaluated to indirectly quantify the amount of influenza virus titer by an agglutination assay. Influenza virus infectivity was determined by TCID50 assay. The direct virucidal action of the complexes was evaluated by both cytopathic effects (CPE) reduction assay and cell MTT assay. We found that ORNs-d-M hinders interaction between HA and glycan. These complexes decreased the infectivity of influenza virus and had a direct virucidal action. ORNs-d-M reduces influenza virus infectivity, affecting the HA–glycan interaction in vitro. By suppressing the influenza viral infection, the ORNs-d-M can have direct virucidal action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Melnichuk
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Larisa Semernikova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Zenoviy Tkachuk
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine.
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38
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Huet M, Cubizolles M, Buhot A. Real time observation and automated measurement of red blood cells agglutination inside a passive microfluidic biochip containing embedded reagents. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 93:110-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Le TT, Chang P, Benton DJ, McCauley JW, Iqbal M, Cass AEG. Dual Recognition Element Lateral Flow Assay Toward Multiplex Strain Specific Influenza Virus Detection. Anal Chem 2017; 89:6781-6786. [PMID: 28558471 PMCID: PMC5514394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Different influenza
virus strains have caused a number of recent
outbreaks killing scores of people and causing significant losses
in animal farming. Simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific detection
of particular strains, such as a pandemic strain versus a previous
seasonal influenza, plays a crucial role in the monitoring, controlling,
and management of outbreaks. In this paper we describe a dual recognition
element lateral flow assay (DRELFA) which pairs a nucleic acid aptamer
with an antibody for use as a point-of-care platform which can detect
particular strains of interest. The combination is used to overcome
the individual limitations of antibodies’ cross-reactivity
and aptamers’ slow binding kinetics. In the detection of influenza
viruses, we show that DRELFA can discriminate a particular virus strain
against others of the same subtype or common respiratory diseases
while still exhibiting fast binding kinetic of the antibody-based
lateral flow assay (LFA). The improvement in specificity that DRELFA
exhibits is an advantage over the currently available antibody-based
LFA systems for influenza viruses, which offer discrimination between
influenza virus types and subtypes. Using quantitative real-time PCR
(qRT-PCR), it showed that the DRELFA is very effective in localizing
the analyte to the test line (consistently over 90%) and this is crucial
for the sensitivity of the device. In addition, color intensities
of the test lines showed a good correlation between the DRELFA and
the qRT-PCR over a 50-fold concentration range. Finally, lateral flow
strips with a streptavidin capture test line and an anti-antibody
control line are universally applicable to specific detection of a
wide range of different analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao T Le
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Pengxiang Chang
- Avian Viral Diseases Program, Pirbright Institute , Woking GU24 0NF, U.K
| | - Donald J Benton
- Worldwide Influenza Centre, Francis Crick Institute , London NW1 1AT, U.K
| | - John W McCauley
- Worldwide Influenza Centre, Francis Crick Institute , London NW1 1AT, U.K
| | - Munir Iqbal
- Avian Viral Diseases Program, Pirbright Institute , Woking GU24 0NF, U.K
| | - Anthony E G Cass
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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40
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Horiguchi Y, Goda T, Matsumoto A, Takeuchi H, Yamaoka S, Miyahara Y. Direct and label-free influenza virus detection based on multisite binding to sialic acid receptors. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 92:234-240. [PMID: 28222368 PMCID: PMC7127512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A system to discriminate human or avian influenza A remains a highly sought-after tool for prevention of influenza pandemics in humans. Selective binding of the influenza A viral hemagglutinin (HA) to specific sialic acid (SA) receptors (Neu5Acα(2-6)Gal in humans, Neu5Acα(2-3)Gal in birds) is determined by the genotype of the HA and neuraminidase (NA) segments, making it one of the key characteristics that distinguishes human or avian influenza A virus. Here we demonstrate the direct detection of whole H1N1 influenza A virus using 6′-sialyllactose (Neu5Acα(2-6)Galβ(1-4)Glc, 6SL)-immobilized gold electrodes as biosensing surfaces. The sensitivity was higher than that of conventional immunochromatographic technique (ICT) for influenza virus and not restricted by genetic drift. The label-free detection technology via direct attachment of a whole virus using a chemically modified electrode is a promising means to provide a simple and rapid diagnostic system for viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukichi Horiguchi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Goda
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumoto
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, TMDU, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Shoji Yamaoka
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, TMDU, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyahara
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
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41
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Abstract
Rapidly evolving viral strains leading to epidemics and pandemics necessitates quick diagnostics and treatment to halt the progressive march of the disease. Optical biosensors like surface plasmon resonance (SPR) have emerged in recent times as a most reliable diagnostic device owing to their portability, reproducibility, sensitivity and specificity. SPR analyzes the kinetics of biomolecular interactions in a label-free manner. It has surpassed the conventional virus detection methods in its utility, particularly in medical diagnostics and healthcare. However, the requirement of high-end infrastructure setup and trained manpower are some of the roadblocks in realizing the true potential of SPR. This platform needs further improvisation in terms of simplicity, affordability and portability before it could be utilized in need-based remote areas of under-developed and developing countries with limited infrastructure.
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González VM, Martín ME, Fernández G, García-Sacristán A. Use of Aptamers as Diagnostics Tools and Antiviral Agents for Human Viruses. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9040078. [PMID: 27999271 PMCID: PMC5198053 DOI: 10.3390/ph9040078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Appropriate diagnosis is the key factor for treatment of viral diseases. Time is the most important factor in rapidly developing and epidemiologically dangerous diseases, such as influenza, Ebola and SARS. Chronic viral diseases such as HIV-1 or HCV are asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic and the therapeutic success mainly depends on early detection of the infective agent. Over the last years, aptamer technology has been used in a wide range of diagnostic and therapeutic applications and, concretely, several strategies are currently being explored using aptamers against virus proteins. From a diagnostics point of view, aptamers are being designed as a bio-recognition element in diagnostic systems to detect viral proteins either in the blood (serum or plasma) or into infected cells. Another potential use of aptamers is for therapeutics of viral infections, interfering in the interaction between the virus and the host using aptamers targeting host-cell matrix receptors, or attacking the virus intracellularly, targeting proteins implicated in the viral replication cycle. In this paper, we review how aptamers working against viral proteins are discovered, with a focus on recent advances that improve the aptamers' properties as a real tool for viral infection detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor M González
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Investigación, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS)-Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Elena Martín
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Investigación, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS)-Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gerónimo Fernández
- Aptus Biotech SL, c/Faraday, 7, Parque Científico de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana García-Sacristán
- Aptus Biotech SL, c/Faraday, 7, Parque Científico de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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43
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Benedetto G, Vestal CG, Richardson C. Aptamer-Functionalized Nanoparticles as "Smart Bombs": The Unrealized Potential for Personalized Medicine and Targeted Cancer Treatment. Target Oncol 2016; 10:467-85. [PMID: 25989948 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-015-0371-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Conventional delivery of chemotherapeutic agents leads to multiple systemic side effects and toxicity, limiting the doses that can be used. The development of targeted therapies to selectively deliver anti-cancer agents to tumor cells without damaging neighboring unaffected cells would lead to higher effective local doses and improved response rates. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that bind to target molecules with both high affinity and high specificity. The high specificity exhibited by aptamers promotes localization and uptake by specific cell populations, such as tumor cells, and their conjugation to anti-cancer drugs has been explored for targeted therapy. Advancements in the development of polymeric nanoparticles allow anti-cancer drugs to be encapsulated in protective nonreactive shells for controlled drug delivery with reduced toxicity. The conjugation of aptamers to nanoparticle-based therapeutics may further enhance direct targeting and personalized medicine. Here we present how the combinatorial use of aptamer and nanoparticle technologies has the potential to develop "smart bombs" for targeted cancer treatment, highlighting recent pre-clinical studies demonstrating efficacy for the direct targeting to particular tumor cell populations. However, despite these pre-clinical promising results, there has been little progress in moving this technology to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Benedetto
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, 1902 University City Blvd., Woodward Hall Room 386B, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - C Greer Vestal
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, 1902 University City Blvd., Woodward Hall Room 386B, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - Christine Richardson
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNC Charlotte, 1902 University City Blvd., Woodward Hall Room 386B, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
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Kumar PKR. Monitoring Intact Viruses Using Aptamers. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2016; 6:bios6030040. [PMID: 27527230 PMCID: PMC5039659 DOI: 10.3390/bios6030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Viral diagnosis and surveillance are necessary steps in containing the spread of viral diseases, and they help in the deployment of appropriate therapeutic interventions. In the past, the commonly employed viral detection methods were either cell-culture or molecule-level assays. Most of these assays are laborious and expensive, require special facilities, and provide a slow diagnosis. To circumvent these limitations, biosensor-based approaches are becoming attractive, especially after the successful commercialization of glucose and other biosensors. In the present article, I have reviewed the current progress using the biosensor approach for detecting intact viruses. At the time of writing this review, three types of bioreceptor surfaces (antibody-, glycan-, and aptamer-based) have been explored on different sensing platforms for detecting intact viruses. Among these bioreceptors, aptamer-based sensors have been increasingly explored for detecting intact viruses using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and other platforms. Special emphasis is placed on the aptamer-based SPR platform in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penmetcha K R Kumar
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba City 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan.
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45
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Cell-targeting aptamers act as intracellular delivery vehicles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:6955-69. [PMID: 27350620 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acids or peptides identified from a randomized combinatorial library through specific interaction with the target of interest. Targets can be of any size, from small molecules to whole cells, attesting to the versatility of aptamers for binding a wide range of targets. Aptamers show drug properties that are analogous to antibodies, with high specificity and affinity to their target molecules. Aptamers can penetrate disease-causing microbial and mammalian cells. Generated aptamers that target surface biomarkers act as cell-targeting agents and intracellular delivery vehicles. Within this context, the "cell-internalizing aptamers" are widely investigated via the process of cell uptake with selective binding during in vivo systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) or by cell-internalization SELEX, which targets cell surface antigens to be receptors. These internalizing aptamers are highly preferable for the localization and functional analyses of multiple targets. In this overview, we discuss the ways by which internalizing aptamers are generated and their successful applications. Furthermore, theranostic approaches featuring cell-internalized aptamers are discussed with the purpose of analyzing and diagnosing disease-causing pathogens.
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46
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Yasuhara N, Kumar PKR. Aptamers that bind specifically to human KPNA2 (importin-α1) and efficiently interfere with nuclear transport. J Biochem 2016; 160:259-268. [PMID: 27154959 PMCID: PMC7110145 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvw032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The importin-α family of proteins plays an important role in the eukaryotic importin/exportin nuclear transport system. These proteins recognize a nuclear localization signal (NLS) within cargo proteins and import them into the nucleus through nuclear pores, in a process mediated by importin-β. Recent studies have shown that importin-α proteins specifically recognize the NLS of several cellular factors and viral proteins, thus regulating their movement. Dysregulation of importin-α is a common hallmark of many pathologies including, multiple cancers. In this study, we isolated aptamers 76 and 72, which bind specifically and efficiently to KPNA2, a member of a subfamily of importin-α1. Both of these aptamers bind to KPNA2 with an equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of 150 nM and discriminate between KPNA2 and other sub-family members of importin-α, such as KPNA1 and KPNA3. These aptamers specifically interfere with the nuclear transport of cargo proteins mediated by KPNA2 but neither with KPNA1 nor KPNA3, which belongs to other subfamily of importins. These results suggest that the selected aptamers (76 and 72) warrant further study to explore not only their application in cancer diagnosis but also their use as a specific reagent to potentially block KPNA2-dependent nuclear transport of macromolecules across the nuclear membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Yasuhara
- Laboratory of Nuclear Transport Dynamics, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Sito-Asagi, Ibaraki-Shi, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Penmetcha K R Kumar
- Biomedical Research Institute, Central 6, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
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Adzhri R, Md Arshad M, Gopinath SC, Ruslinda A, Fathil M, Ayub R, Nor MNM, Voon C. High-performance integrated field-effect transistor-based sensors. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 917:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Li W, Feng X, Yan X, Liu K, Deng L. A DNA Aptamer Against Influenza A Virus: An Effective Inhibitor to the Hemagglutinin-Glycan Interactions. Nucleic Acid Ther 2016; 26:166-72. [PMID: 26904922 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2015.0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Most therapeutical nucleic acid aptamers tend to inhibit protein-protein interactions and thereby function as antagonists. Attachment of the influenza virus surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) to sialic acid-containing host cell receptors (glycan) facilitates the initial stage of viral infection. Inhibition of the attachment may result in an antiviral effect on the proliferation of the influenza virus. To develop therapeutically interesting agents, we selected two single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers specific to the HA protein of H1N1 influenza virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/1934) through a procedure of systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment. As it showed a higher binding affinity for HA protein (Kd = 78 ± 1 nM), aptamer 1 was tested for its ability to interfere with HA-glycan interactions using chicken red blood cell hemagglutination and microneutralization assays, which demonstrated that it significantly suppressed the viral infection in host cells. These results indicate that the isolated ssDNA aptamer may be developed as an antiviral agent against influenza through appropriate therapeutic formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Li
- 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University , Changsha, China .,2 Department of Biochemistry, the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Science, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Xinru Feng
- 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University , Changsha, China .,3 The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Xing Yan
- 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University , Changsha, China
| | - Keyi Liu
- 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University , Changsha, China
| | - Le Deng
- 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University , Changsha, China
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Predicting the Uncertain Future of Aptamer-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Molecules 2015; 20:6866-87. [PMID: 25913927 PMCID: PMC6272696 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20046866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the great promise of nucleic acid aptamers in the areas of diagnostics and therapeutics for their facile in vitro development, lack of immunogenicity and other desirable properties, few truly successful aptamer-based products exist in the clinical or other markets. Core reasons for these commercial deficiencies probably stem from industrial commitment to antibodies including a huge financial investment in humanized monoclonal antibodies and a general ignorance about aptamers and their performance among the research and development community. Given the early failures of some strong commercial efforts to gain government approval and bring aptamer-based products to market, it may seem that aptamers are doomed to take a backseat to antibodies forever. However, the key advantages of aptamers over antibodies coupled with niche market needs that only aptamers can fill and more recent published data still point to a bright commercial future for aptamers in areas such as infectious disease and cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. As more researchers and entrepreneurs become familiar with aptamers, it seems inevitable that aptamers will at least be considered for expanded roles in diagnostics and therapeutics. This review also examines new aptamer modifications and attempts to predict new aptamer applications that could revolutionize biomedical technology in the future and lead to marketed products.
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50
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Chen L, Neethirajan S. A homogenous fluorescence quenching based assay for specific and sensitive detection of influenza virus A hemagglutinin antigen. SENSORS 2015; 15:8852-65. [PMID: 25884789 PMCID: PMC4431298 DOI: 10.3390/s150408852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Influenza pandemics cause millions of deaths worldwide. Effective surveillance is required to prevent their spread and facilitate the development of appropriate vaccines. In this study, we report the fabrication of a homogenous fluorescence-quenching-based assay for specific and sensitive detection of influenza virus surface antigen hemagglutinins (HAs). The core of the assay is composed of two nanoprobes namely the glycan-conjugated highly luminescent quantum dots (Gly-QDs), and the HA-specific antibody-modified gold nanoparticle (Ab-Au NPs). When exposed to strain-specific HA, a binding event between the HA and the two nanoprobes takes place, resulting in the formation of a sandwich complex which subsequently brings the two nanoprobes closer together. This causes a decrease in QDs fluorescence intensity due to a non-radiative energy transfer from QDs to Au NPs. A resulting correlation between the targets HA concentrations and fluorescence changes can be observed. Furthermore, by utilizing the specific interaction between HA and glycan with sialic acid residues, the assay is able to distinguish HAs originated from viral subtypes H1 (human) and H5 (avian). The detection limits in solution are found to be low nanomolar and picomolar level for sensing H1-HA and H5-HA, respectively. Slight increase in assay sensitivity was found in terms of detection limit while exposing the assay in the HA spiked in human sera solution. We believe that the developed assay could serve as a feasible and sensitive diagnostic tool for influenza virus detection and discrimination, with further improvement on the architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyan Chen
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Suresh Neethirajan
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
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