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Wang L, Shi Y, Qiu Z, Dang J, Sun L, Qu X, He J, Fan H. Bioactive 3D Electrohydrodynamic Printed Lattice Architectures Augment Tenogenesis of Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:18574-18590. [PMID: 38567837 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Tendon defect repair remains a tough clinical procedure that hinders functional motion in patients. Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) three-dimensional (3D) printing, as a novel strategy, can controllably fabricate biomimetic micro/nanoscale architecture, but the hydrophobic and bioinert nature of polymers might be adverse to cell-material interplay. In this work, 3D EHD printed polycaprolactone (PCL) was immobilized on basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) using polydopamine (PDA), and the proliferation and tenogenic differentiation of tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) in vitro was researched. A subcutaneous model was established to evaluate the effects of tenogenesis and immunomodulation. We then investigated the in situ implantation and immunomodulation effects in an Achilles tendon defect model. After immobilization of bFGF, the scaffolds profoundly facilitated proliferation and tenogenic differentiation; however, PDA had only a proliferative effect. Intriguingly, the bFGF immobilized on EHD printed PCL indicated a synergistic effect on the highest expression of tenogenic gene and protein markers at 14 days, and the tenogenesis may be induced by activating the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signal pathway in vitro. The subcutaneous engraftment study confirmed a tendon-like structure, similar to that of the native tendon, as well as an M2 macrophage polarization effect. Additionally, the bioactive scaffold exhibited superior efficacy in new collagen formation and repair of Achilles tendon defects. Our study revealed that the topographic cues alone were insufficient to trigger tenogenic differentiation, requiring appropriate chemical signals, and that appropriate immunomodulation was conducive to tenogenesis. The tenogenesis of TSPCs on the bioactive scaffold may be correlated with the TGF-β signal pathway and M2 macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yubo Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhennan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Rapid Manufacturing Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jingyi Dang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Liguo Sun
- Shaanxi Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710018, China
| | - Xiaoli Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Rapid Manufacturing Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jiankang He
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Rapid Manufacturing Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongbin Fan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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Isomursu A, Alanko J, Hernández-Pérez S, Saukkonen K, Saari M, Mattila PK, Ivaska J. Dynamic Micropatterning Reveals Substrate-Dependent Differences in the Geometric Control of Cell Polarization and Migration. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300719. [PMID: 37926786 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Cells are highly dynamic and adopt variable shapes and sizes. These variations are biologically important but challenging to investigate in a spatiotemporally controlled manner. Micropatterning, confining cells on microfabricated substrates with defined geometries and molecular compositions, is a powerful tool for controlling cell shape and interactions. However, conventional binary micropatterns are static and fail to address dynamic changes in cell polarity, spreading, and migration. Here, a method for dynamic micropatterning is reported, where the non-adhesive surface surrounding adhesive micropatterns is rapidly converted to support specific cell-matrix interactions while allowing simultaneous imaging of the cells. The technique is based on ultraviolet photopatterning of biotinylated polyethylene glycol-grafted poly-L-lysine, and it is simple, inexpensive, and compatible with a wide range of streptavidin-conjugated ligands. Experiments using biotinylation-based dynamic micropatterns reveal that distinct extracellular matrix ligands and bivalent integrin-clustering antibodies support different degrees of front-rear polarity in human glioblastoma cells, which correlates to altered directionality and persistence upon release and migration on fibronectin. Unexpectedly, however, neither an asymmetric cell shape nor centrosome orientation can fully predict the future direction of migration. Taken together, biotinylation-based dynamic micropatterns allow easily accessible and highly customizable control over cell morphology and motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksi Isomursu
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Jonna Alanko
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Sara Hernández-Pérez
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine and MediCity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Karla Saukkonen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Markku Saari
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Pieta K Mattila
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine and MediCity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Western Finnish Cancer Center (FICAN West), University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland
- Foundation for the Finnish Cancer Institute, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
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Kaur A, Gautrot JE, Akutagawa K, Watson D, Bickley A, Busfield JJC. Thiyl radical induced cis/ trans isomerism in double bond containing elastomers. RSC Adv 2023; 13:23967-23975. [PMID: 37577099 PMCID: PMC10413178 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04157c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This report presents an evaluation of thiyl radical-induced cis/trans isomerism in double bond-containing elastomers, such as natural, polychloroprene, and polybutadiene rubbers. The study aims to extensively investigate structural changes in polymers after functionalisation using thiol-ene chemistry, a useful click reaction for modifying polymers and developing materials with new functionalities. The paper reports on the use of different thiols, and cis/trans isomerism was detected through 1H NMR analysis, even at very low alkene/thiol mole ratios. The study finds that the configurational arrangements between non-functionalised elastomer units and thiolated units followed a trans-functionalised-cis units arrangement up to an alkene/thiol mole feed ratio of 0.3, while from 0.4 onward, a combination of trans-functionalised-cis and cis-functionalised-trans configurations are found. Additionally, it is observed that by increasing the level of functionalisation, the glass transition temperature of the resulting modified elastomer also increases. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the effects of thiol-ene chemistry on the structure and properties of elastomers and could have important implications for the development of new materials with enhanced functionality.
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Dhingra S, Gaur V, Bhattacharya J, Saha S. Photoinduced micropatterning on biodegradable aliphatic polyester surfaces for anchoring dual brushes and its application in bacteria and cell patterning. J Mater Chem B 2022; 11:83-98. [PMID: 36226487 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01477g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In view of intrinsic challenges encountered in surface patterning on actual biomaterials such as the ones based on biodegradable polymers, we have demonstrated an innovative strategy to create micro-patterns on the surface of tartaric acid based aliphatic polyester P (poly(hexamethylene 2,3-O-isoprpylidentartarate)) without significant loss of its molecular weight. Around 10 wt% PAG (photoacid generator, 2-(4-methoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine) was purposefully encapsulated in a polyester matrix comprising of P and PLA (polylactide) at a ratio of 5 : 95. With the help of a photomask, selective areas of the matrix were exposed to UV radiation at 395 nm for 25 min to trigger the acid release from PAG entrapped unmasked areas for generating hydroxyl functionality that was later converted to an ATRP (atom transfer radical polymerization) initiating moiety on the irradiated domain of P. In subsequent steps, spatio-selective surface modification by surface initiated ATRP was carried out to generate an alternate pattern of polyPEGMA (poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) and polyDMAPS (poly(3-dimethyl-(methacryloyloxyethyl)ammonium propane sulfonate)) brushes on the matrix. The patterned surface modified with dual brushes was found to be antifouling in nature (rejection of >97% of proteins). Strikingly, an alternate pattern of live bacterial cells (E. coli and S. aureus) was evident and a relatively high population of bacteria was found on the polyPEGMA brush modified domain. However, a complete reverse pattern was visible in the case of L929 mouse fibroblast cells, i.e., cells were found to predominantly adhere to and proliferate on the zwitterionic brush modified surface. An attempt was made to discuss a plausible mechanism of selective cell adhesion on the zwitterionic brush domain. This novel strategy employed on the biodegradable polymer surface provides an easy and straightforward way to micro-pattern various cells, bacteria, etc. on biodegradable substrates which hold great potential to function as biochips, diagnostics, bacteria/cell microarrays, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaifali Dhingra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
| | - Vidit Gaur
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | | | - Sampa Saha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
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Jones CFE, Di Cio S, Connelly JT, Gautrot JE. Design of an Integrated Microvascularized Human Skin-on-a-Chip Tissue Equivalent Model. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:915702. [PMID: 35928950 PMCID: PMC9343775 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.915702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-engineered skin constructs have been under development since the 1980s as a replacement for human skin tissues and animal models for therapeutics and cosmetic testing. These have evolved from simple single-cell assays to increasingly complex models with integrated dermal equivalents and multiple cell types including a dermis, epidermis, and vasculature. The development of micro-engineered platforms and biomaterials has enabled scientists to better recreate and capture the tissue microenvironment in vitro, including the vascularization of tissue models and their integration into microfluidic chips. However, to date, microvascularized human skin equivalents in a microfluidic context have not been reported. Here, we present the design of a novel skin-on-a-chip model integrating human-derived primary and immortalized cells in a full-thickness skin equivalent. The model is housed in a microfluidic device, in which a microvasculature was previously established. We characterize the impact of our chip design on the quality of the microvascular networks formed and evidence that this enables the formation of more homogenous networks. We developed a methodology to harvest tissues from embedded chips, after 14 days of culture, and characterize the impact of culture conditions and vascularization (including with pericyte co-cultures) on the stratification of the epidermis in the resulting skin equivalents. Our results indicate that vascularization enhances stratification and differentiation (thickness, architecture, and expression of terminal differentiation markers such as involucrin and transglutaminase 1), allowing the formation of more mature skin equivalents in microfluidic chips. The skin-on-a-chip tissue equivalents developed, because of their realistic microvasculature, may find applications for testing efficacy and safety of therapeutics delivered systemically, in a human context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F. E. Jones
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefania Di Cio
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John T. Connelly
- The Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julien E. Gautrot
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Singh B, Abdelgawad ME, Ali Z, Bailey J, Budyn E, Civita P, Clift MJD, Connelly JT, Constant S, Hittinger M, Kandarova H, Kearns VR, Kiuru T, Kostrzewski T, Kress S, Durban VM, Lehr CM, McMillan H, Metz JK, Monteban V, Movia D, Neto C, Owen C, Paasonen L, Palmer KA, Pilkington GJ, Pilkington K, Prina-Mello A, Roper C, Sheard J, Smith S, Turner JE, Roy I, Tutty MA, Velliou E, Wilkinson JM. Towards More Predictive, Physiological and Animal-free In Vitro Models: Advances in Cell and Tissue Culture 2020 Conference Proceedings. Altern Lab Anim 2021; 49:93-110. [PMID: 34225465 DOI: 10.1177/02611929211025006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Experimental systems that faithfully replicate human physiology at cellular, tissue and organ level are crucial to the development of efficacious and safe therapies with high success rates and low cost. The development of such systems is challenging and requires skills, expertise and inputs from a diverse range of experts, such as biologists, physicists, engineers, clinicians and regulatory bodies. Kirkstall Limited, a biotechnology company based in York, UK, organised the annual conference, Advances in Cell and Tissue Culture (ACTC), which brought together people having a variety of expertise and interests, to present and discuss the latest developments in the field of cell and tissue culture and in vitro modelling. The conference has also been influential in engaging animal welfare organisations in the promotion of research, collaborative projects and funding opportunities. This report describes the proceedings of the latest ACTC conference, which was held virtually on 30th September and 1st October 2020, and included sessions on in vitro models in the following areas: advanced skin and respiratory models, neurological disease, cancer research, advanced models including 3-D, fluid flow and co-cultures, diabetes and other age-related disorders, and animal-free research. The roundtable session on the second day was very interactive and drew huge interest, with intriguing discussion taking place among all participants on the theme of replacement of animal models of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Essameldin Abdelgawad
- Cellular, Molecular & Industrial Biotechnology and Cellular & Molecular Immunobiology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zulfiqur Ali
- Healthcare Innovation Centre, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Jarrod Bailey
- Center for Contemporary Sciences, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Elisa Budyn
- CNRS Laboratory of Mechanics and Technology, Ecole Normale Superieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Prospero Civita
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (IBBS), School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Martin J D Clift
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - John T Connelly
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Helena Kandarova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Victoria Rosalind Kearns
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Tony Kiuru
- UPM-Kymmene Corporation, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Sebastian Kress
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute for Cell and Tissue Culture Technologies, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Hayley McMillan
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Julia Katharina Metz
- Pharmbiotec Research and Development GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Dania Movia
- Laboratory for Biological Characterisation of Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catia Neto
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | - Kerri Anne Palmer
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Karen Pilkington
- School of Health and Social Care Professions, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- Laboratory for Biological Characterisation of Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Clive Roper
- Roper Toxicology Consulting Limited, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Sheree Smith
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Melissa Anne Tutty
- Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eirini Velliou
- Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Department of Targeted Intervention, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science-UCL, London, UK
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Han J, Thurnherr T, Chung AYF, Goh BKP, Chow PKH, Chan CY, Cheow PC, Lee SY, Lim TKH, Chong SS, Ooi LLPJ, Lee CG. Clinicopathological-Associated Regulatory Network of Deregulated circRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112772. [PMID: 34199580 PMCID: PMC8199648 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Here, we present a novel strategy to identify key signatures of clinically-relevant co-expressed circRNA-mRNA networks in pertinent cancer-pathways that modulate the prognosis of HCC patients, by integrating clinicopathological features, circRNA and mRNA expression profiles. Five master circRNAs were identified and experimentally demonstrated to upregulate proliferate and promote transformation. Through further integration with miRNA-expression profiles, clinically-relevant competing-endogenous-RNA (ceRNA) networks of circRNA-miRNA-mRNAs were constructed. The most up-regulated nodal-circRNA, circGPC3 was experimentally demonstrated to up-regulate cell-cycle, migration and invasion. circGPC3 was found to act as a sponge of miR-378a-3p to regulate ASPM expression and modulate cell transformation. These 5 nodal circRNAs has potential to be good prognostic biomarkers with good prognostic performance. circGPC3 has great potential to be a promising non-invasive prognostic biomarker for early HCC. We have thus demonstrated the robustness of bioinformatically-predicted master circRNAs in clinically-relevant, circRNA-mRNA networks, underscoring the important roles that these identified deregulated key/master circRNAs play in HCC. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and lethal cancers worldwide. Here, we present a novel strategy to identify key circRNA signatures of clinically relevant co-expressed circRNA-mRNA networks in pertinent cancer-pathways that modulate prognosis of HCC patients, by integrating clinic-pathological features, circRNA and mRNA expression profiles. Through further integration with miRNA expression profiles, clinically relevant competing-endogenous-RNA (ceRNA) networks of circRNA-miRNA-mRNAs were constructed. At least five clinically relevant nodal-circRNAs, co-expressed with numerous genes, were identified from the circRNA-mRNA networks. These nodal circRNAs upregulated proliferation (except circRaly) and transformation in cells. The most upregulated nodal-circRNA, circGPC3, associated with higher-grade tumors and co-expressed with 33 genes, competes with 11 mRNAs for two shared miRNAs. circGPC3 was experimentally demonstrated to upregulate cell-cycle and migration/invasion in both transformed and non-transformed liver cell-lines. circGPC3 was further shown to act as a sponge of miR-378a-3p to regulate APSM (Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly associated) expression and modulate cell transformation. This study identifies 5 key nodal master circRNAs in a clinically relevant circRNA-centric network that are significantly associated with poorer prognosis of HCC patients and promotes tumorigenesis in cell-lines. The identification and characterization of these key circRNAs in clinically relevant circRNA-mRNA and ceRNA networks may facilitate the design of novel strategies targeting these important regulators for better HCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
| | - Thomas Thurnherr
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
| | - Alexander Y. F. Chung
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore; (A.Y.F.C.); (B.K.P.G.); (P.K.H.C.); (C.Y.C.); (P.C.C.); (S.Y.L.); (L.L.P.J.O.)
| | - Brian K. P. Goh
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore; (A.Y.F.C.); (B.K.P.G.); (P.K.H.C.); (C.Y.C.); (P.C.C.); (S.Y.L.); (L.L.P.J.O.)
| | - Pierce K. H. Chow
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore; (A.Y.F.C.); (B.K.P.G.); (P.K.H.C.); (C.Y.C.); (P.C.C.); (S.Y.L.); (L.L.P.J.O.)
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169547, Singapore
- Department of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Chung Yip Chan
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore; (A.Y.F.C.); (B.K.P.G.); (P.K.H.C.); (C.Y.C.); (P.C.C.); (S.Y.L.); (L.L.P.J.O.)
| | - Peng Chung Cheow
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore; (A.Y.F.C.); (B.K.P.G.); (P.K.H.C.); (C.Y.C.); (P.C.C.); (S.Y.L.); (L.L.P.J.O.)
| | - Ser Yee Lee
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore; (A.Y.F.C.); (B.K.P.G.); (P.K.H.C.); (C.Y.C.); (P.C.C.); (S.Y.L.); (L.L.P.J.O.)
| | - Tony K. H. Lim
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore;
| | - Samuel S. Chong
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
| | - London L. P. J. Ooi
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore; (A.Y.F.C.); (B.K.P.G.); (P.K.H.C.); (C.Y.C.); (P.C.C.); (S.Y.L.); (L.L.P.J.O.)
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169547, Singapore
- Department of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Caroline G. Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169547, Singapore
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Level 6, Lab 5, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-65163251
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Regulation of collective cell polarity and migration using dynamically adhesive micropatterned substrates. Acta Biomater 2021; 126:291-300. [PMID: 33741539 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Collective cell migration is a fundamental biological process in which groups of cells move together in a coordinated manner, and it is essential for tissue development and wound repair. However, the underlying mechanisms that orchestrate directionality in collectively migrating cells remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed dynamically adhesive micropatterned substrates to investigate the role of adhesive cues in directing epithelial migration. Our findings demonstrate that epithelial cells collectively polarize in response to asymmetric patterns of extracellular matrix (ECM), and the degree of polarization depends on the degree of asymmetry and requires calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion. When released from the micropatterns, epithelial cells collectively migrate according to the direction of pre-established polarity, and cohesive migration specifically requires E-cadherin-containing adherens junctions. Finally, disruption of the microtubule network blocks collective polarization and functionally inhibits directed migration. Together, these results indicate that adhesive cues from the ECM guide collective epithelial polarity and migration, and this response depends on adherens junctions and microtubules. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study employs a dynamically adhesive micropatterning platform to investigate the role of adhesive cues in directing the polarity and directional migration of epithelial cells. The findings demonstrate how asymmetric tissue geometry influences the collective directionality in simple epithelia and that this response is mediated by adherens junctions and the microtubule network. This work provides new insight into fundamental cellular processes involved in wound healing and has important implications for biomaterial and scaffold design.
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9
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Valles DJ, Zholdassov YS, Braunschweig AB. Evolution and applications of polymer brush hypersurface photolithography. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01073e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypersurface photolithography creates arbitrary polymer brush patterns with independent control over feature diameter, height, and spacing between features, while controlling composition along a polymer chain and between features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Valles
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY 10031, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
- PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yerzhan S. Zholdassov
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY 10031, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
- PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Adam B. Braunschweig
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY 10031, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
- PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
- PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
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10
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Colak B, Wu L, Cozens EJ, Gautrot JE. Modulation of Thiol-Ene Coupling by the Molecular Environment of Polymer Backbones for Hydrogel Formation and Cell Encapsulation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6497-6509. [PMID: 35021781 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Thiol-ene radical coupling is increasingly used for the biofunctionalization of biomaterials and the formation of 3D hydrogels enabling cell encapsulation. Indeed, thiol-ene chemistry presents interesting features that are particularly attractive for platforms requiring specific reactions of peptides or proteins, in particular in situ, during cell culture or encapsulation: thiol-ene coupling occurs specifically between a thiol and a nonactivated alkene (unlike Michael addition); it is relatively tolerant to the presence of oxygen; and it can be triggered by light. Despite such interest, little is known about the factors impacting polymer thiol-ene chemistry in situ. Here, we explore some of the molecular parameters controlling photoinitiated thiol-ene coupling (with UV and visible-light irradiation), with a series of alkene-functionalized polymer backbones. 1H NMR spectroscopy is used to quantify the efficiency of couplings, whereas photorheology allows correlation to gelation and mechanical properties of the resulting materials. We identify the impact of weak electrolytes in regulating coupling efficiency, presumably via thiol deprotonation and regulation of local diffusion. The conformation of associated polymer chains, regulated by the pH, is also proposed to play an important role in the modulation of both thiol-ene coupling and cross-linking efficiencies. Ultimately, suitable conditions for cell encapsulations are identified for a range of polymer backbones and their impact on cytocompatibility is investigated for cell encapsulation and tissue engineering applications. Overall, our work demonstrates the importance of polymer backbone design to regulate thiol-ene coupling and in situ hydrogel formation.
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11
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Almeida FV, Gammon L, Laly AC, Pundel OJ, Bishop CL, Connelly JT. High-Content Analysis of Cell Migration Dynamics within a Micropatterned Screening Platform. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 3:e1900011. [PMID: 32648701 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration is a fundamental biological process that is dynamically regulated by complex interactions between the microenvironment and intrinsic gene expression programs. Here, a high-throughput cell migration assay is developed using micropatterned and dynamically adhesive polymer brush substrates, which support highly precise and consistent control over cell-matrix interactions within a 96-well cell culture plate format. This system is combined with automated imaging and quantitation of both cell motility and organization of the F-actin cytoskeleton for high-content analysis of cell migration phenotypes. Using this platform to screen a library of 147 epigenetic inhibitors identifies a set of EZH2-specific compounds that promote cytoskeletal remodeling and accelerates keratinocyte migration through derepression of an epithelial to mesenchymal transition-like gene expression program. Together, these studies establish the high-throughput, micropatterned assay as a powerful tool for discovery of novel therapeutic targets and for dissecting complex gene-environment interactions involved in wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe V Almeida
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Luke Gammon
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ana C Laly
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Oscar J Pundel
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Cleo L Bishop
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John T Connelly
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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12
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13
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Mediating the Migration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Dynamically Changing the Density of Cell-selective Peptides Immobilized on β-Cyclodextrin-modified Cell-resisting Polymer Brushes. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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15
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Li YL, Song DP, Pan L, Ma Z, Li YS. Facile functionalization of isotactic polypropylene via click chemistry. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01225g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alkynyl functionalized iPP, with 1–4 mol% comonomer incorporation, can be efficiently synthesized and conveniently converted into various functional iPPs and graft copolymers via alkynyl/N3 reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lian Li
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
| | - Dong-Po Song
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
| | - Li Pan
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
| | - Yue-Sheng Li
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- P. R. China
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16
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Li YM, Wu JY, Jiang J, Dong SK, Chen YS, He HY, Liu CS, Zhao JZ. Chondroitin sulfate-polydopamine modified polyethylene terephthalate with extracellular matrix-mimetic immunoregulatory functions for osseointegration. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:7756-7770. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01984g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Optimal integration between the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) graft and host bone is a prerequisite to obtain a satisfactory outcome after graft implantation for ligament reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Min Li
- Department of Sports Medicine
- Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital
- Shanghai 200233
- China
| | - Jing-Yao Wu
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Jia Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine
- Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital
- Shanghai 200233
- China
| | - Shi-Kui Dong
- Department of Sports Medicine
- Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital
- Shanghai 200233
- China
| | - Yun-Su Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery
- Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital
- Shanghai 200233
- China
| | - Hong-Yan He
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Chang-Sheng Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Jin-Zhong Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine
- Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital
- Shanghai 200233
- China
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17
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Rosethorne EM, Charlton SJ. Airway remodeling disease: primary human structural cells and phenotypic and pathway assays to identify targets with potential to prevent or reverse remodeling. J Exp Pharmacol 2018; 10:75-85. [PMID: 30568517 PMCID: PMC6276605 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s159124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a characteristic of many chronic respiratory diseases and occurs when there are significant changes to the architecture of the small and large airways leading to progressive loss of lung function. Some common features include airway smooth muscle and goblet cell hyperplasia, basement membrane thickening and subepithelial fibrosis. To explore the mechanisms driving airway remodeling and identify novel targets to treat this aspect of respiratory disease, appropriate models must be used that will accurately predict the pathology of disease. Phenotypic assays can be used in primary human lung cells to measure changes in cell behavior that are associated with particular disease pathology. This is becoming increasingly popular when targeting chronic pathologies such as airway remodeling, where phenotypic assays are likely to model disease in vitro more accurately than traditional second messenger assays. Here we review the use of primary human lung structural cells in a range of disease-relevant chronic phenotypic assays, and how they may be used in target identification/validation and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Rosethorne
- School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK, .,Centre of Membrane and Protein and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK, .,Excellerate Bioscience Ltd, MediCity, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK,
| | - Steven J Charlton
- School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK, .,Centre of Membrane and Protein and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK, .,Excellerate Bioscience Ltd, MediCity, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK,
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18
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Abstract
The conjugation of biomolecules can impart materials with the bioactivity necessary to modulate specific cell behaviors. While the biological roles of particular polypeptide, oligonucleotide, and glycan structures have been extensively reviewed, along with the influence of attachment on material structure and function, the key role played by the conjugation strategy in determining activity is often overlooked. In this review, we focus on the chemistry of biomolecule conjugation and provide a comprehensive overview of the key strategies for achieving controlled biomaterial functionalization. No universal method exists to provide optimal attachment, and here we will discuss both the relative advantages and disadvantages of each technique. In doing so, we highlight the importance of carefully considering the impact and suitability of a particular technique during biomaterial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Spicer
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles Väg 2, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E. Thomas Pashuck
- NJ
Centre for Biomaterials, Rutgers University, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey United States
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles Väg 2, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, United Kingdom
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19
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Colak B, Di Cio S, Gautrot JE. Biofunctionalized Patterned Polymer Brushes via Thiol–Ene Coupling for the Control of Cell Adhesion and the Formation of Cell Arrays. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:1445-1455. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Guo L, Fan Y, Kawazoe N, Fan H, Zhang X, Chen G. Fabrication of gelatin-micropatterned surface and its effect on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1018-1025. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb03165c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Micropatterned surface with different surface chemistries was fabricated for the direct comparison of their effect on the behaviors of hMSCs and to avoid any batch to batch variations during cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likun Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
- Research Center for Functional Materials
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Naoki Kawazoe
- Research Center for Functional Materials
- National Institute for Materials Science
- Tsukuba
- Japan
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Guoping Chen
- Research Center for Functional Materials
- National Institute for Materials Science
- Tsukuba
- Japan
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21
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Pedron S, Pritchard AM, Vincil GA, Andrade B, Zimmerman SC, Harley BA. Patterning Three-Dimensional Hydrogel Microenvironments Using Hyperbranched Polyglycerols for Independent Control of Mesh Size and Stiffness. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1393-1400. [PMID: 28245360 PMCID: PMC5444810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is an environment rich with structural, mechanical, and molecular signals that can impact cell biology. Traditional approaches in hydrogel biomaterial design often rely on modifying the concentration of cross-linking groups to adjust mechanical properties. However, this strategy provides limited capacity to control additional important parameters in 3D cell culture such as microstructure and molecular diffusivity. Here we describe the use of multifunctional hyperbranched polyglycerols (HPGs) to manipulate the mechanical properties of polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels while not altering biomolecule diffusion. This strategy also provides the ability to separately regulate spatial and temporal distribution of biomolecules tethered within the hydrogel. The functionalized HPGs used here can also react through a copper-free click chemistry, allowing for the encapsulation of cells and covalently tethered biomolecules within the hydrogel. Because of the hyperbranched architecture and unique properties of HPGs, their addition into PEG hydrogels affords opportunities to locally alter hydrogel cross-linking density with minimal effects on global network architecture. Additionally, photocoupling chemistry allows micropatterning of bioactive cues within the three-dimensional gel structure. This approach therefore enables us to tailor mechanical and diffusive properties independently while further allowing for local modulation of biomolecular cues to create increasingly complex cell culture microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pedron
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Amanda M. Pritchard
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Gretchen A. Vincil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Brenda Andrade
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Steven C. Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Brendan A.C. Harley
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 110 Roger Adams Lab., 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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22
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De Vlieghere E, Wagemans G, De Backer S, Drebert Z, Tommelein J, Rousseau Q, Weyn B, Van Troys M, Bracke M, De Wever O. Quantitative evaluation of single cell spread on collagen matrices. Exp Cell Res 2016; 349:168-178. [PMID: 27751839 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cells change their morphology as a response to environmental cues. The quantitative evaluation of single cell spread on extracellular matrices, such as type I collagen, is a key tool in cancer research. Inherent to the manual scoring of cellular spread is inter-observer but also intra-observer variation. To overcome these problems, we have developed the Morphology Analysis Software (MAS). MAS scores phase-contrast images of cells on native type I collagen gels and identifies whether a cell has a spread or round morphology using a combination of four unique parameters: the presence of a cellular extension, the cell area, the cell eccentricity and cell circularity. The MAS software scores are equivalent to the average score of five independent observers but MAS is faster, more objective and standardized. A functional screening assay using six cytokines identified TGFα as a stimulator of HCT8/E11 and SK-BR-3 single cell spreading on top of type I collagen gels. This change in morphology correlates with increased migration potential as evidenced by xCELLigence migration assays and are counteracted by EGFR signaling pathway inhibitors. This underscores the use of morphology classification on a population of unlabeled cells as read-out of an important cancer cell property and the potential for the MAS software in drug screening strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E De Vlieghere
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Belgium
| | - G Wagemans
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Belgium
| | | | - Z Drebert
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Belgium
| | - J Tommelein
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Q Rousseau
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Belgium
| | - B Weyn
- DCILabs, Keerbergen, Belgium
| | - M Van Troys
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Belgium; Department of Biochemistry, Fac. Medicine, Gent University, Belgium
| | - M Bracke
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Belgium
| | - O De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Belgium.
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23
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Lilge I, Jiang S, Wesner D, Schönherr H. The Effect of Size and Geometry of Poly(acrylamide) Brush-Based Micropatterns on the Behavior of Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23591-23603. [PMID: 27541003 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the fabrication, detailed characterization, and application of long-term stable micropatterned bio-interfaces of passivating poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) brushes on transparent gold for application in the study of cell-surface interactions is reported. The micropatterns were fabricated by microcontact printing of an initiator for surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP), SI-ATRP of acrylamide, and subsequently backfilling of the unfunctionalized areas of 400-2500 μm(2) size and systematically altered number of corners with octadecanethiol. As verified by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, the physisorption of fibronectin (FN) was restricted to the adhesive areas. Exploiting this platform, the effect of micropattern geometry and size of cell-adhesive FN areas surrounded by passivating PAAm brushes on transparent gold substrates on the attachment of cells and cytoskeleton alignment was investigated at the single-cell level. Exceptional long-term stability of the patterned PAAm brushes and arrays of adhesive areas, in which human pancreatic tumor cells (Patu 8988T) and fibroblast cells (NIH 3T3) were confined for more than one week, was observed. Adhesive areas of 1600 μm(2) or less constrained the cell shape and caused focal adhesions to accumulate in the corners of the pattern. These changes were most obvious for the PatuT cells in adhesive areas of ∼900 μm(2), in which the actin filaments were aligned, following the boundary of the pattern, and merged in the focal adhesions concentrated in the corners of the pattern. NIH 3T3 cells possessed a larger cell area, which led to an optimal cytoskeleton alignment in adhesive patterns of ∼1600 μm(2). The alignment of the cytoskeleton was found to be less pronounced in cells on larger adhesive areas, where the PatuT cells spread similarly to cells on unpatterned substrates. By contrast, the NIH 3T3 cells were found to stretch even on larger adhesive areas, spanning from one corner to the other. The long-term stability under cell culture conditions of the patterns introduced here will also be useful for long-term studies of single and multiple cells, cell motility in toxicity assays, and stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Lilge
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Siyu Jiang
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Daniel Wesner
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
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24
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Colak B, Da Silva JCS, Soares TA, Gautrot JE. Impact of the Molecular Environment on Thiol–Ene Coupling For Biofunctionalization and Conjugation. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2111-23. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julio C. S. Da Silva
- Departament
of Fundamental Chemistry, CCEN, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Thereza A. Soares
- Departament
of Fundamental Chemistry, CCEN, Federal University of Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
- Department
of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
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25
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Tan KY, Ramstedt M, Colak B, Huck WTS, Gautrot JE. Study of thiol–ene chemistry on polymer brushes and application to surface patterning and protein adsorption. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01687h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The functionalisation and patterning of polymer brushes via thiol–ene chemistry is studied via ellipsometry, XPS and AFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khooi Y. Tan
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | | | - Burcu Colak
- Institute of Bioengineering
- Queen Mary
- University of London
- London
- UK
| | - Wilhelm T. S. Huck
- Radboud University Nijmegen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
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26
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Song R, Liang J, Lin L, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Lin C. A facile construction of gradient micro-patterned OCP coatings on medical titanium for high throughput evaluation of biocompatibility. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4017-4024. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00458j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A facile construction of gradient micro-patterned octacalcium phosphate (OCP) coatings on titanium was developed for high-throughput screening of biocompatibility and bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Song
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
| | - Jianhe Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
| | - Longxiang Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Beijing Medical Implant Engineering Research Center
- Beijing 100082
- China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Functional Medical Materials and Devices
- Beijing 100082
| | - Yun Yang
- Beijing Medical Implant Engineering Research Center
- Beijing 100082
- China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Functional Medical Materials and Devices
- Beijing 100082
| | - Changjian Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
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27
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Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel Microstructures Using UV-Induced Projection Printing. MICROMACHINES 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/mi6121464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Almeida FV, Walko G, McMillan JR, McGrath JA, Wiche G, Barber AH, Connelly JT. The cytolinker plectin regulates nuclear mechanotransduction in keratinocytes. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:4475-86. [PMID: 26527396 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.173435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The transmission of mechanical forces to the nucleus is important for intracellular positioning, mitosis and cell motility, yet the contribution of specific components of the cytoskeleton to nuclear mechanotransduction remains unclear. In this study, we examine how crosstalk between the cytolinker plectin and F-actin controls keratin network organisation and the 3D nuclear morphology of keratinocytes. Using micro-patterned surfaces to precisely manipulate cell shape, we find that cell adhesion and spreading regulate the size and shape of the nucleus. Disruption of the keratin cytoskeleton through loss of plectin facilitated greater nuclear deformation, which depended on acto-myosin contractility. Nuclear morphology did not depend on direct linkage of the keratin cytoskeleton with the nuclear membrane, rather loss of plectin reduced keratin filament density around the nucleus. We further demonstrate that keratinocytes have abnormal nuclear morphologies in the epidermis of plectin-deficient, epidermolysis bullosa simplex patients. Taken together, our data demonstrate that plectin is an essential regulator of nuclear morphology in vitro and in vivo and protects the nucleus from mechanical deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe V Almeida
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS UK Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 2AT UK
| | - Gernot Walko
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - James R McMillan
- The National Diagnostic EB Laboratory, Viapath, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH UK
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (Guy's Campus), London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - Gerhard Wiche
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Asa H Barber
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - John T Connelly
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, E1 2AT UK
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Zhou CY, Wu H, Devaraj NK. Rapid access to phospholipid analogs using thiol-yne chemistry. Chem Sci 2015; 6:4365-4372. [PMID: 29218208 PMCID: PMC5707512 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00653h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids and glycolipids constitute an essential part of biological membranes, and are of tremendous fundamental and practical interest. Unfortunately, the preparation of functional phospholipids, or synthetic analogs, is often synthetically challenging. Here we utilize thiol-yne click chemistry methodology to gain access to phospho- and glycolipid analogs. Alkynyl hydrophilic head groups readily photoreact with numerous thiol modified lipid tails to yield the appropriate dithioether phospho- or glycolipids. The resulting structures closely resemble the structure and function of native diacylglycerolipids. Dithioether phosphatidylcholines (PCs) are suitable for forming giant unilamellar vesicles (GUV), which can be used as vessels for cell-free expression systems. The unnatural thioether linkages render the lipids resistant to phospholipase A2 hydrolysis. We utilize the improved stability of these lipids to control the shrinkage of GUVs composed of a mixture of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) and dioleyl-dithioether PC, concentrating encapsulated nanoparticles. We imagine that these readily accessible lipids could find a number of applications as natural lipid substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun Yu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , USA .
| | - Haoxing Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , USA .
| | - Neal Krishna Devaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , USA .
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30
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Shi X, Zhan W, Chen G, Yu Q, Liu Q, Du H, Cao L, Liu X, Yuan L, Chen H. Regulation of Protein Binding Capability of Surfaces via Host-Guest Interactions: Effects of Localized and Average Ligand Density. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6172-6178. [PMID: 25986051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The protein binding capability of biomaterial surfaces can significantly affect subsequent biological responses, and appropriate ligand presentation is often required to guarantee the best functions. Herein, a new facile method for regulating this capability by varying the localized and average ligand density is presented. Binding between lysine and plasminogen relevant to a fibrinolysis system was chosen as a model. We integrated different lysine-modified β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivatives onto bioinert copolymer brushes via host-guest interactions. The localized and average lysine density can be conveniently modulated by changing the lysine valency on β-CD scaffolds and by diluting lysine-persubstituted β-CD with pure β-CD, respectively. Both the plasminogen adsorption and the plasminogen binding affinity were enhanced by lysine-persubstituted β-CD compared with those of lysine-monosubstituted β-CD, which is possibly due to the higher localized lysine density and the multivalent binding of plasminogen on lysine-persubstituted β-CD surfaces. With a change in the ratio of lysine-persubstituted β-CD to β-CD, the average lysine density can be tuned, leading to the linear regulation of the adsorption of plasminogen on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Shi
- †College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhan
- †College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Gaojian Chen
- †College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- ‡Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yu
- †College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- †College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hui Du
- †College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Limin Cao
- †College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- †College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lin Yuan
- †College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- †College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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32
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Micropatterning strategies to engineer controlled cell and tissue architecture in vitro. Biotechniques 2015; 58:13-23. [PMID: 25605576 DOI: 10.2144/000114245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Micropatterning strategies, which enable control over cell and tissue architecture in vitro, have emerged as powerful platforms for modelling tissue microenvironments at different scales and complexities. Here, we provide an overview of popular micropatterning techniques, along with detailed descriptions, to guide new users through the decision making process of which micropatterning procedure to use, and how to best obtain desired tissue patterns. Example techniques and the types of biological observations that can be made are provided from the literature. A focus is placed on microcontact printing to obtain co-cultures of patterned, confluent sheets, and the challenges associated with optimizing this protocol. Many issues associated with microcontact printing, however, are relevant to all micropatterning methodologies. Finally, we briefly discuss challenges in addressing key limitations associated with current micropatterning technologies.
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Krishnamoorthy M, Hakobyan S, Ramstedt M, Gautrot JE. Surface-initiated polymer brushes in the biomedical field: applications in membrane science, biosensing, cell culture, regenerative medicine and antibacterial coatings. Chem Rev 2014; 114:10976-1026. [PMID: 25353708 DOI: 10.1021/cr500252u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahentha Krishnamoorthy
- Institute of Bioengineering and ‡School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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34
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Lowe AB. Thiol-yne ‘click’/coupling chemistry and recent applications in polymer and materials synthesis and modification. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Calcagnile P, Blasi L, Rizzi F, Qualtieri A, Athanassiou A, Gogolides E, De Vittorio M. Parylene C surface functionalization and patterning with pH-responsive microgels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:15708-15715. [PMID: 25184311 DOI: 10.1021/am502467y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Parylene C is a polymer well-known for its inertness and chemical resistance, thus ideal for covering and sealing 3D substrates and structures by conformal coating. In the present study, the Parylene C surface is modified by functionalization with pH-responsive poly(methacrylic acid) microgels either over the whole surface, or in a pattern through a poly(dimethylsiloxane) stamp. The surface functionalization consists of two phases: first, an oxygen plasma treatment is used to make the surface superhydrophilic, inducing the formation of polar functional groups and surface topography modifications; then, the plasma-treated samples are functionalized by drop casting a solution of pH-responsive microgels, or in a pattern via microcontact printing of the same solution. While both techniques, namely, drop casting and microcontact printing, are easy to use, fast, and cheap, the microcontact printing was found to provide a more homogeneous functionalization and to be applicable to any shape of substrate. The functionalization effectiveness was tested by the repeated uptake and release of a fluorescent labeled monoclonal CD4 antibody at different pH values, thus suggesting a new sensing approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Calcagnile
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies (CBN) @UNILE, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) Via Barsanti , 73010 Arnesano (LE), Lecce, Italy
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