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Idaszek J, Wysocki B, Ura-Bińczyk E, Dobkowska A, Nowak W, Yamamoto A, Sulka GD, Święszkowski W. Graded or random - Effect of pore distribution in 3D titanium scaffolds on corrosion performance and response of hMSCs. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 163:213955. [PMID: 38986318 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Researchers agree that the ideal scaffold for tissue engineering should possess a 3D and highly porous structure, biocompatibility to encourage cell/tissue growth, suitable surface chemistry for cell attachment and differentiation, and mechanical properties that match those of the surrounding tissues. However, there is no consensus on the optimal pore distribution. In this study, we investigated the effect of pore distribution on corrosion resistance and performance of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) using titanium scaffolds fabricated by laser beam powder bed fusion (PBF-LB). We designed two scaffold architectures with the same porosities (i.e., 75 %) but different distribution of pores of three sizes (200, 500, and 700 μm). The pores were either grouped in three zones (graded, GRAD) or distributed randomly (random, RAND). Microfocus X-ray computed tomography revealed that the chemically polished scaffolds had the porosity of 69 ± 4 % (GRAD) and 71 ± 4 % (RAND), and that the GRAD architecture had the higher surface area (1580 ± 101 vs 991 ± 62 mm2) and the thinner struts (221 ± 37 vs 286 ± 14 μm). The electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the apparent corrosion rate of chemically polished GRAD scaffold decreased with the immersion time extension, while that for polished RAND was increased. The RAND architecture outperformed the GRAD one with respect to hMSC proliferation (over two times higher although the GRAD scaffolds had 85 % higher initial cell retention) and migration from a monolayer. Our findings demonstrate that the pore distribution affects the biological properties of the titanium scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Idaszek
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - B Wysocki
- Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Multidisciplinary Research Center, Dziekanow Lesny, Poland
| | - E Ura-Bińczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Dobkowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw, Poland
| | - W Nowak
- Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Multidisciplinary Research Center, Dziekanow Lesny, Poland
| | - A Yamamoto
- National Institute for Materials Science, Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - G D Sulka
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Gronostajowa 2, 30387 Krakow, Poland
| | - W Święszkowski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Pehlivan F, Öztürk FH, Demir S, Temiz A. Optimization of functionally graded solid-network TPMS meta-biomaterials. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 157:106609. [PMID: 38833782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The current study enhances the performance of solid-network triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) cellular materials through using cell size grading along with the Taguchi method. Cell size grading is a novel technique used to control the size of pores and the surface area without changing the relative density. In this context, experimental compression testing was conducted on six distinct geometries of cell size graded TPMS structures (Diamond, Fischer-Koch S, Gyroid, IWP, Primitive, and Schoen-F-RD) manufactured with dental resin using a masked stereolithography (MSLA) printer. The findings indicated that mean total energy absorption was greater for smaller initial cell sizes (4 and 6 mm) compared to larger sizes (12 mm). Consistent patterns were also observed with respect to final cell sizes. Upon examination of the stress-strain relationships between D and I-WP, it is evident that D exhibits a higher initial peak stress point. However, subsequent to a significant decline, it exhibits a tremendous degree of volatility before recovering. Conversely, I-WP demonstrated greater stability throughout the experiments, with a notably greater maximum stress effect. A significant influence was observed from the initial cell size on stress, with larger sizes leading to a reduction in absorbed energy. The acquired results serve as an essential basis for the identification of optimized designs that may be implemented to enhance the structures' durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Pehlivan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karabuk University, 78050, Karabuk, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Huzeyfe Öztürk
- Department of Industrial Design Engineering, Karabuk University, 78050, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Sermet Demir
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dogus University, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahim Temiz
- Department of Industrial Design Engineering, Karabuk University, 78050, Karabuk, Turkey
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3
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Wu H, Wang X, Wang G, Yuan G, Jia W, Tian L, Zheng Y, Ding W, Pei J. Advancing Scaffold-Assisted Modality for In Situ Osteochondral Regeneration: A Shift From Biodegradable to Bioadaptable. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2407040. [PMID: 39104283 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202407040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Over the decades, the management of osteochondral lesions remains a significant yet unmet medical challenge without curative solutions to date. Owing to the complex nature of osteochondral units with multi-tissues and multicellularity, and inherently divergent cellular turnover capacities, current clinical practices often fall short of robust and satisfactory repair efficacy. Alternative strategies, particularly tissue engineering assisted with biomaterial scaffolds, achieve considerable advances, with the emerging pursuit of a more cost-effective approach of in situ osteochondral regeneration, as evolving toward cell-free modalities. By leveraging endogenous cell sources and innate regenerative potential facilitated with instructive scaffolds, promising results are anticipated and being evidenced. Accordingly, a paradigm shift is occurring in scaffold development, from biodegradable and biocompatible to bioadaptable in spatiotemporal control. Hence, this review summarizes the ongoing progress in deploying bioadaptable criteria for scaffold-based engineering in endogenous osteochondral repair, with emphases on precise control over the scaffolding material, degradation, structure and biomechanics, and surface and biointerfacial characteristics, alongside their distinguished impact on the outcomes. Future outlooks of a highlight on advanced, frontier materials, technologies, and tools tailoring precision medicine and smart healthcare are provided, which potentially paves the path toward the ultimate goal of complete osteochondral regeneration with function restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite & Center of Hydrogen Science, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xuejing Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biology & Catalysis, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Guocheng Wang
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Guangyin Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite & Center of Hydrogen Science, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Weitao Jia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Liangfei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenjiang Ding
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite & Center of Hydrogen Science, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jia Pei
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite & Center of Hydrogen Science, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Institute of Medical Robotics & National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Magnetic Resonance Technologies for Diagnosis and Therapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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4
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Mahajan A, Zaidi ZS, Shukla A, Saxena R, Katti DS. Functionally graded hydrogels with opposing biochemical cues for osteochondral tissue engineering. Biofabrication 2024; 16:035020. [PMID: 38697073 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad467e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Osteochondral tissue (OC) repair remains a significant challenge in the field of musculoskeletal tissue engineering. OC tissue displays a gradient structure characterized by variations in both cell types and extracellular matrix components, from cartilage to the subchondral bone. These functional gradients observed in the native tissue have been replicated to engineer OC tissuein vitro. While diverse fabrication methods have been employed to create these microenvironments, emulating the natural gradients and effective regeneration of the tissue continues to present a significant challenge. In this study, we present the design and development of CMC-silk interpenetrating (IPN) hydrogel with opposing dual biochemical gradients similar to native tissue with the aim to regenerate the complete OC unit. The gradients of biochemical cues were generated using an in-house-built extrusion system. Firstly, we fabricated a hydrogel that exhibits a smooth transition of sulfated carboxymethyl cellulose (sCMC) and TGF-β1 (SCT gradient hydrogel) from the upper to the lower region of the IPN hydrogel to regenerate the cartilage layer. Secondly, a hydrogel with a hydroxyapatite (HAp) gradient (HAp gradient hydrogel) from the lower to the upper region was fabricated to facilitate the regeneration of the subchondral bone layer. Subsequently, we developed a dual biochemical gradient hydrogel with a smooth transition of sCMC + TGF-β1 and HAp gradients in opposing directions, along with a blend of both biochemical cues in the middle. The results showed that the dual biochemical gradient hydrogels with biochemical cues corresponding to the three zones (i.e. cartilage, interface and bone) of the OC tissue led to differentiation of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to zone-specific lineages, thereby demonstrating their efficacy in directing the fate of progenitor cells. In summary, our study provided a simple and innovative method for incorporating gradients of biochemical cues into hydrogels. The gradients of biochemical cues spatially guided the differentiation of stem cells and facilitated tissue growth, which would eventually lead to the regeneration of the entire OC tissue with a smooth transition from cartilage (soft) to bone (hard) tissues. This promising approach is translatable and has the potential to generate numerous biochemical and biophysical gradients for regeneration of other interface tissues, such as tendon-to-muscle and ligament-to-bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Mahajan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Zahra Sifat Zaidi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakshita Saxena
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dhirendra S Katti
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
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5
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Wang XH, Liu N, Zhang H, Yin ZS, Zha ZG. From cells to organs: progress and potential in cartilaginous organoids research. J Transl Med 2023; 21:926. [PMID: 38129833 PMCID: PMC10740223 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
While cartilage tissue engineering has significantly improved the speed and quality of cartilage regeneration, the underlying metabolic mechanisms are complex, making research in this area lengthy and challenging. In the past decade, organoids have evolved rapidly as valuable research tools. Methods to create these advanced human cell models range from simple tissue culture techniques to complex bioengineering approaches. Cartilaginous organoids in part mimic the microphysiology of human cartilage and fill a gap in high-fidelity cartilage disease models to a certain extent. They hold great promise to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of a diversity of cartilage diseases and prove crucial in the development of new drugs. This review will focus on the research progress of cartilaginous organoids and propose strategies for cartilaginous organoid construction, study directions, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-He Wang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, the First Affliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, the First Affliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Zong-Sheng Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Zhen-Gang Zha
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, the First Affliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
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6
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Wang X, Li Z, Liu J, Wang C, Bai H, Zhu X, Wang H, Wang Z, Liu H, Wang J. 3D-printed PCL scaffolds with anatomy-inspired bionic stratified structures for the treatment of growth plate injuries. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100833. [PMID: 37920293 PMCID: PMC10618519 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth plate is a cartilaginous tissue with three distinct zones. Resident chondrocytes are highly organized in a columnar structure, which is critical for the longitudinal growth of immature long bones. Once injured, the growth plate may potentially be replaced by bony bar formation and, consequently, cause limb abnormalities in children. It is well-known that the essential step in growth plate repair is the remolding of the organized structure of chondrocytes. To achieve this, we prepared an anatomy-inspired bionic Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold with a stratified structure using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. The bionic scaffold is engineered by surface modification of NaOH and collagen Ⅰ (COL Ⅰ) to promote cell adhesion. Moreover, chondrocytes and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are loaded in the most suitable ratio of 1:3 for growth plate reconstruction. Based on the anatomical structure of the growth plate, the bionic scaffold is designed to have three regions, which are the small-, medium-, and large-pore-size regions. These pore sizes are used to induce BMSCs to differentiate into similar structures such as the growth plate. Remarkably, the X-ray and histological results also demonstrate that the cell-loaded stratified scaffold can successfully rebuild the structure of the growth plate and reduce limb abnormalities, including limb length discrepancies and angular deformities in vivo. This study provides a potential method of preparing a bioinspired stratified scaffold for the treatment of growth plate injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianggang Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Zuhao Li
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Haotian Bai
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Xiujie Zhu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Zhonghan Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - He Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130041, PR China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, PR China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130041, PR China
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7
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Tang H, Sun W, Liu X, Gao Q, Chen Y, Xie C, Lin W, Chen J, Wang L, Fan Z, Zhang L, Ren Y, She Y, He Y, Chen C. A bioengineered trachea-like structure improves survival in a rabbit tracheal defect model. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabo4272. [PMID: 37729433 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo4272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
A practical strategy for engineering a trachea-like structure that could be used to repair or replace a damaged or injured trachea is an unmet need. Here, we fabricated bioengineered cartilage (BC) rings from three-dimensionally printed fibers of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) and rabbit chondrocytes. The extracellular matrix (ECM) secreted by the chondrocytes combined with the PCL fibers formed a "concrete-rebar structure," with ECM deposited along the PCL fibers, forming a grid similar to that of native cartilage. PCL fiber-hydrogel rings were then fabricated and alternately stacked with BC rings on silicone tubes. This trachea-like structure underwent vascularization after heterotopic transplantation into rabbits for 4 weeks. The vascularized bioengineered trachea-like structure was then orthotopically transplanted by end-to-end anastomosis to native rabbit trachea after a segment of trachea had been resected. The bioengineered trachea-like structure displayed mechanical properties similar to native rabbit trachea and transmural angiogenesis between the rings. The 8-week survival rate in transplanted rabbits was 83.3%, and the respiratory rate of these animals was similar to preoperative levels. This bioengineered trachea-like structure may have potential for treating tracheal stenosis and other tracheal injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weiyan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiucheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chaoqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Weikang Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiafei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ziwen Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yijiu Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunlang She
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
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8
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Peng Y, Zhuang Y, Liu Y, Le H, Li D, Zhang M, Liu K, Zhang Y, Zuo J, Ding J. Bioinspired gradient scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20210043. [PMID: 37933242 PMCID: PMC10624381 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Repairing articular osteochondral defects present considerable challenges in self-repair due to the complex tissue structure and low proliferation of chondrocytes. Conventional clinical therapies have not shown significant efficacy, including microfracture, autologous/allograft osteochondral transplantation, and cell-based techniques. Therefore, tissue engineering has been widely explored in repairing osteochondral defects by leveraging the natural regenerative potential of biomaterials to control cell functions. However, osteochondral tissue is a gradient structure with a smooth transition from the cartilage to subchondral bone, involving changes in chondrocyte morphologies and phenotypes, extracellular matrix components, collagen type and orientation, and cytokines. Bioinspired scaffolds have been developed by simulating gradient characteristics in heterogeneous tissues, such as the pores, components, and osteochondrogenesis-inducing factors, to satisfy the anisotropic features of osteochondral matrices. Bioinspired gradient scaffolds repair osteochondral defects by altering the microenvironments of cell growth to induce osteochondrogenesis and promote the formation of osteochondral interfaces compared with homogeneous scaffolds. This review outlines the meaningful strategies for repairing osteochondral defects by tissue engineering based on gradient scaffolds and predicts the pros and cons of prospective translation into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachen Peng
- Department of OrthopedicsChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunP. R. China
| | - Yaling Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunP. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunP. R. China
- Institute of BioengineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Hanxiang Le
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunP. R. China
| | - Di Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunP. R. China
| | - Mingran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunP. R. China
| | - Kai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunP. R. China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of OrthopedicsChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
| | - Jianlin Zuo
- Department of OrthopedicsChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunP. R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunP. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiP. R. China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunP. R. China
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9
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Li T, Ma Z, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Li W, Lu D, Liu Y, Qiang L, Wang T, Ren Y, Wang W, He H, Zhou X, Mao Y, Zhu J, Wang J, Chen X, Dai K. Regeneration of Humeral Head Using a 3D Bioprinted Anisotropic Scaffold with Dual Modulation of Endochondral Ossification. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205059. [PMID: 36755334 PMCID: PMC10131811 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is theoretically thought to be a promising method for the reconstruction of biological joints, and thus, offers a potential treatment alternative for advanced osteoarthritis. However, to date, no significant progress is made in the regeneration of large biological joints. In the current study, a biomimetic scaffold for rabbit humeral head regeneration consisting of heterogeneous porous architecture, various bioinks, and different hard supporting materials in the cartilage and bone regions is designed and fabricated in one step using 3D bioprinting technology. Furthermore, orchestrated dynamic mechanical stimulus combined with different biochemical cues (parathyroid hormone [PTH] and chemical component hydroxyapatite [HA] in the outer and inner region, respectively) are used for dual regulation of endochondral ossification. Specifically, dynamic mechanical stimulus combined with growth factor PTH in the outer region inhibits endochondral ossification and results in cartilage regeneration, whereas dynamic mechanical stimulus combined with HA in the inner region promotes endochondral ossification and results in efficient subchondral bone regeneration. The strategy established in this study with the dual modulation of endochondral ossification for 3D bioprinted anisotropic scaffolds represents a versatile and scalable approach for repairing large joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
- Department of OrthopaedicsXinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineNo. 1665 Kongjiang RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Zhengjiang Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Oral SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai200011China
| | - Zezheng Yang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Fifth People's Hospital of ShanghaiFudan UniversityMinhang DistrictShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Wentao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Dezhi Lu
- School of MedicineShanghai UniversityJing An DistrictShanghai200444China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Lei Qiang
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of MedicineNo. 111 North 1st Section of Second Ring RoadChengdu610036China
| | - Tianchang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Ya Ren
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of MedicineNo. 111 North 1st Section of Second Ring RoadChengdu610036China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of MedicineNo. 111 North 1st Section of Second Ring RoadChengdu610036China
| | - Hongtao He
- The Third Ward of Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityNo. 467, Zhongshan Road, Shahekou DistrictDalianLiaoning Province116000P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- College of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringState Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Yuanqing Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Junfeng Zhu
- Department of OrthopaedicsXinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineNo. 1665 Kongjiang RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsXinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineNo. 1665 Kongjiang RoadShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Kerong Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic ImplantDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine639 Zhizaoju RdShanghai200011China
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10
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Niu X, Li N, Du Z, Li X. Integrated gradient tissue-engineered osteochondral scaffolds: Challenges, current efforts and future perspectives. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:574-597. [PMID: 35846846 PMCID: PMC9254262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The osteochondral defect repair has been most extensively studied due to the rising demand for new therapies to diseases such as osteoarthritis. Tissue engineering has been proposed as a promising strategy to meet the demand of simultaneous regeneration of both cartilage and subchondral bone by constructing integrated gradient tissue-engineered osteochondral scaffold (IGTEOS). This review brought forward the main challenges of establishing a satisfactory IGTEOS from the perspectives of the complexity of physiology and microenvironment of osteochondral tissue, and the limitations of obtaining the desired and required scaffold. Then, we comprehensively discussed and summarized the current tissue-engineered efforts to resolve the above challenges, including architecture strategies, fabrication techniques and in vitro/in vivo evaluation methods of the IGTEOS. Especially, we highlighted the advantages and limitations of various fabrication techniques of IGTEOS, and common cases of IGTEOS application. Finally, based on the above challenges and current research progress, we analyzed in details the future perspectives of tissue-engineered osteochondral construct, so as to achieve the perfect reconstruction of the cartilaginous and osseous layers of osteochondral tissue simultaneously. This comprehensive and instructive review could provide deep insights into our current understanding of IGTEOS. Providing main challenges to establish integrated gradient osteochondral scaffold. Discussing the current tissue-engineered efforts to resolve the above challenges. Highlighting construct techniques, and evaluation index and methods of IGTEOS. Discussing the future perspectives to achieve perfect osteochondral reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Niu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, 072350, China
| | - Zhipo Du
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, 072350, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Corresponding author.
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11
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Shanto PC, Park S, Park M, Lee BT. Physico-biological evaluation of 3D printed dECM/TOCN/alginate hydrogel based scaffolds for cartilage tissue regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 145:213239. [PMID: 36542879 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage damage is the leading cause of osteoarthritis (OA), especially in an aging society. Mimicking the native cartilage microenvironment for chondrogenic differentiation along with constructing a stable and controlled architectural scaffold is considerably challenging. In this study, three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds using tempo-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCN), decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), and sodium alginate (SA) were fabricated for cartilage tissue regeneration. We prepared three groups (dECM80, dECM50, dECM20) of 3D printable hydrogels with different ratios of TOCN and dECM where SA concentration remained the same. Two-step crosslinking was performed with CaCl2 solution to achieve the highly stable 3D printed scaffolds. Finally, the fundamental physical characterizations showed that increasing the ratio of TOCN with dECM significantly improved the viscoelastic behaviour, stability, mechanical properties, and printability of the scaffolds. Based on the results, the 3D printed dECM50 scaffolds with controlled and identical pore sizes increased the whole-layer integrity and nutrient supply in each layer of the scaffold. Furthermore, evaluation of in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of the scaffolds with rBMSCs indicated that dECM50 scaffolds provided a suitable microenvironment for cell proliferation and promoted chondrogenesis by remarkably expressing the cartilage-specific markers. This study demonstrates that 3D printed dECM50 scaffolds provide a favourable and promising microenvironment for cartilage tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prayas Chakma Shanto
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongsu Park
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongki Park
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Taek Lee
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Zhang D, Su Y, Sun P, Liu X, Zhang L, Ling X, Fan Y, Wu K, Shi Q, Liu J. A TGF-loading hydrogel scaffold capable of promoting chondrogenic differentiation for repairing rabbit nasal septum cartilage defect. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1057904. [DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1057904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogel-based tissue engineering has been widely used to repair cartilage injury. However, whether this approach can be applied to treat nasal septum cartilage defects remains unclear. In this study, three gelatin methacrylate-based scaffolds loaded with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (GelMA-T) were prepared, and their effects on repair of nasal septum cartilage defects were examined. In vitro, the GelMA-T scaffolds showed good biocompatibility and promoted the chondrogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells. Among three scaffolds, the 10% GelMA-T scaffold promoted chondrogenic differentiation most effectively, which significantly improved the expression of chondrocyte-related genes, including Col II, Sox9, and ACAN. In vivo, 10% GelMA-T scaffolds and 10% GelMA-T scaffolds loaded with bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs; 10% GelMA-T/BMSCs) were transplanted into a nasal septum cartilage defect site in a rabbit model. At 4, 12, and 24 weeks after surgery, the nasal septum cartilage defects exhibited more complete repair in rabbits treated with the 10% GelMA-T/BMSC scaffold as demonstrated by hematoxylin & eosin, safranine-O, and toluidine blue staining. We showed that GelMA-T/BMSCs can be applied in physiological and structural repair of defects in nasal septum cartilage, providing a potential strategy for repairing cartilage defects in the clinic.
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13
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Novel structural designs of 3D-printed osteogenic graft for rapid angiogenesis. Biodes Manuf 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-022-00212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Zhang Q, Yuan C, Liu L, Wen S, Wang X. Effect of 3-dimensional Collagen Fibrous Scaffolds with Different Pore Sizes on Pulp Regeneration. J Endod 2022; 48:1493-1501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Engineering bone-forming biohybrid sheets through the integration of melt electrowritten membranes and cartilaginous microspheroids. Acta Biomater 2022:S1742-7061(22)00693-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Wang Y, Ling C, Chen J, Liu H, Mo Q, Zhang W, Yao Q. 3D-printed composite scaffold with gradient structure and programmed biomolecule delivery to guide stem cell behavior for osteochondral regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 140:213067. [PMID: 35961187 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of osteochondral scaffolds with both structural and biochemical cues to regulate endogenous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) behavior for cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration is still a challenge. To this end, a composite scaffold (BE-PSA) with gradient structure and programmed biomolecule delivery was prepared by fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing and multi-material-based modification. The 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold included upper pores of 200 μm for cartilage regeneration and lower pores of 400 μm for bone regeneration. For a sequential modulation of BMSCs behavior, fast-degrading sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel was used to deliver a burst release of E7 peptide to enhance BMSCs migration within 72 h, while a slowly-degrading silk fibroin (SF) porous matrix was used to provide a sustained release of B2A peptide to improve BMSCs dual-lineage differentiation lasting for >300 h, depending on the different degradation rates of SA hydrogel and SF matrix. The BE-PSA scaffold had good biocompatibility and could improve the migration and osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of spatial structures and programmed biomolecule delivery, the BE-PSA scaffold showed enhanced cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration in rabbit osteochondral defect model. This work not only provides a promising scaffold to guide BMSCs behavior for osteochondral regeneration but also offers a method for the fabrication of tissue engineering biomaterials based on the structural and biochemical modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006 Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Ling
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006 Nanjing, China
| | - Jialin Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, 210096 Nanjing, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), China
| | - Haoyang Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China
| | - Qingyun Mo
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, 210096 Nanjing, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), China.
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006 Nanjing, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), China.
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17
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Younus ZM, Roach P, Forsyth NR. Acrylamide-based hydrogels with distinct osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential. Prog Biomater 2022; 11:297-309. [PMID: 35840792 PMCID: PMC9374864 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-022-00196-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration solutions for the osteochondral interface depth are limited, where multi-material implants have the potential to delaminate affecting the regeneration process and impacting the final integrity of tissue interface. Here we explore regionally mixed hydrogel networks, presenting distinct chemical features to determine their compatibility in supporting osteogenic or chondrogenic cell behaviour and differentiation. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) and poly(N-tert-butylacrylamide) (pNTBAM) hydrogels were assessed in terms of their chemical differences, mechanical strength, internal architecture, porosity and capacity to support cell viability, migration, and differentiation. pNTBAM polymerized with a Young’s modulus of up to 371 ± 31 kPa compared to the more flexible pNIPAM, 16.5 ± 0.6 kPa. Viability testing revealed biocompatibility of both hydrogels with significantly increased cell numbers observed in pNTBAM (500 ± 95 viable cells/mm2) than in pNIPAM (60 ± 3 viable cells/mm2) (P ≤ 0.05). Mineralization determined through alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium ion and annexin A2 markers of mineralization) and osteogenic behaviour (collagen I expression) were supported in both hydrogels, but to a greater extent in pNTBAM. pNTBAM supported significantly elevated levels of chondrogenic markers as evidenced by collagen II and glycosaminoglycan expression in comparison to little or no evidence in pNIPAM (P ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, structurally similar, chemically distinct, acrylamide hydrogels display variable capacities in supporting osteochondral cell behaviours. These systems demonstrate spatial control of cell interaction through simple changes in monomer chemistry. Fine control over chemical presentation during the fabrication of biomaterial implants could lead to greater efficacy and targeted regeneration of semi-complex tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. M. Younus
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, UK
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - P. Roach
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
| | - N. R. Forsyth
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, UK
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18
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Biomimetic glycopeptide hydrogel coated PCL/nHA scaffold for enhanced cranial bone regeneration via macrophage M2 polarization-induced osteo-immunomodulation. Biomaterials 2022; 285:121538. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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19
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Gómez-Cerezo MN, Patel R, Vaquette C, Grøndahl L, Lu M. In vitro evaluation of porous poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/akermanite composite scaffolds manufactured using selective laser sintering. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 135:212748. [PMID: 35929220 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of a bioactive mineral filler in a biodegradable polyester scaffold is a promising strategy for scaffold assisted bone tissue engineering (TE). The current study evaluates the in vitro behavior of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)/Akermanite (AKM) composite scaffolds manufactured using selective laser sintering (SLS). Exposure of the mineral filler on the surface of the scaffold skeleton was evident from in vitro mineralization in PBS. PHBV scaffolds and solvent cast films served as control samples and all materials showed preferential adsorption of fibronectin compared to serum albumin as well as non-cytotoxic response in human osteoblasts (hOB) at 24 h. hOB culture for up to 21 days revealed that the metabolic activity in PHBV films and scaffolds was significantly higher than that of PHBV/AKM scaffolds within the first two weeks of incubation. Afterwards, the metabolic activity in PHBV/AKM scaffolds exceeded that of the control samples. Confocal imaging showed cell penetration into the porous scaffolds. Significantly higher ALP activity was observed in PHBV/AKM scaffolds at all time points in both basal and osteogenic media. Mineralization during cell culture was observed on all samples with PHBV/AKM scaffolds exhibiting distinctly different mineral morphology. This study has demonstrated that the bioactivity of PHBV SLS scaffolds can be enhanced by incorporating AKM, making this an attractive candidate for bone TE application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rushabh Patel
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Cedryck Vaquette
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Lisbeth Grøndahl
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Mingyuan Lu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.
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20
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Roncada T, Bonithon R, Blunn G, Roldo M. Soft substrates direct stem cell differentiation into the chondrogenic lineage without the use of growth factors. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221122121. [PMID: 36199979 PMCID: PMC9528007 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221122121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise for the treatment of cartilage related injuries. However, selectively promoting stem cell differentiation in vivo is still challenging. Chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs usually requires the use of growth factors that lead to the overexpression of hypertrophic markers. In this study, for the first time the effect of stiffness on MSC differentiation has been tested without the use of growth factors. Three-dimensional collagen and alginate scaffolds were developed and characterised. Stiffness significantly affected gene expression and ECM deposition. While, all hydrogels supported chondrogenic differentiation and allowed deposition of collagen type II and aggrecan, the 5.75 kPa hydrogel showed limited production of collagen type I compared to the other two formulations. These findings demonstrated for the first time that stiffness can guide MSCs differentiation without the use of growth factors within a tissue engineering scaffold suitable for the treatment of cartilage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosca Roncada
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Roxane Bonithon
- School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Marta Roldo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
- Marta Roldo, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK.
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21
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Wei W, Dai H. Articular cartilage and osteochondral tissue engineering techniques: Recent advances and challenges. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4830-4855. [PMID: 34136726 PMCID: PMC8175243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of the considerable achievements in the field of regenerative medicine in the past several decades, osteochondral defect regeneration remains a challenging issue among diseases in the musculoskeletal system because of the spatial complexity of osteochondral units in composition, structure and functions. In order to repair the hierarchical tissue involving different layers of articular cartilage, cartilage-bone interface and subchondral bone, traditional clinical treatments including palliative and reparative methods have showed certain improvement in pain relief and defect filling. It is the development of tissue engineering that has provided more promising results in regenerating neo-tissues with comparable compositional, structural and functional characteristics to the native osteochondral tissues. Here in this review, some basic knowledge of the osteochondral units including the anatomical structure and composition, the defect classification and clinical treatments will be first introduced. Then we will highlight the recent progress in osteochondral tissue engineering from perspectives of scaffold design, cell encapsulation and signaling factor incorporation including bioreactor application. Clinical products for osteochondral defect repair will be analyzed and summarized later. Moreover, we will discuss the current obstacles and future directions to regenerate the damaged osteochondral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Honglian Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, China
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22
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Chen Z, Xiao H, Zhang H, Xin Q, Zhang H, Liu H, Wu M, Zuo L, Luo J, Guo Q, Ding C, Tan H, Li J. Heterogenous hydrogel mimicking the osteochondral ECM applied to tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:8646-8658. [PMID: 34595487 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00518a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the intricate extracellular matrix (ECM) of natural cartilage and subchondral bone, a heterogenous bilayer hydrogel scaffold is fabricated. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and acryloyl glucosamine (AGA) serve as the main components in the upper layer, mimicking the chondral ECM. Meanwhile, vinylphosphonic acid (VPA) as a non-collagen protein analogue is incorporated into the bottom layer to induce the in situ biomineralization of calcium phosphate. The two heterogenous layers are effectively sutured together by the inter-diffusion between the upper and bottom layer hydrogels, together with chelation between the calcium ions and alginate added to separate layers. The interfacial bonding between the two different layers was thoroughly investigated via rheological measurements. The incorporation of AGA promotes chondrocytes to produce collagen type II and glycosaminoglycans and upregulates the expression of chondrogenesis-related genes. In addition, the minerals induced by VPA facilitate the osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In vivo evaluation confirms the biocompatibility of the scaffold with minor inflammation and confirms the best repair ability of the bilayer hydrogel. This cell-free, cost-effective and efficient hydrogel shows great potential for osteochondral repair and inspires the design of other tissue-engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxin Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Hong Xiao
- Department of Pain Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, GuoXue Xiang, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Qiangwei Xin
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Haochen Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Haixin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Deyang City, No. 173, Taishan North Road, Deyang 618000, China
| | - Mingzhen Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Liangrui Zuo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunmei Ding
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong Tan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, 610041, China
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23
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A Bilayer Osteochondral Scaffold with Self‐Assembled Monomeric Collagen Type‐I, Type‐II, and Polymerized Chondroitin Sulfate Promotes Chondrogenic and Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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24
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Sun Y, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Dai K, Wei Y. 3D-bioprinted gradient-structured scaffold generates anisotropic cartilage with vascularization by pore-size-dependent activation of HIF1α/FAK signaling axis. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 37:102426. [PMID: 34175454 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage injury is one of the most common diseases in orthopedics, which seriously affects patients' life quality, the development of a biomimetic scaffold that mimics the multi-layered gradient structure of native cartilage is a new cartilage repair strategy. It has been shown that scaffold topography affects cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation; the underlying molecular mechanism of cell-scaffold interaction is still unclear. In the present study, we construct an anisotropic gradient-structured cartilage scaffold by three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, in which bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC)-laden anisotropic hydrogels micropatterns were used for heterogeneous chondrogenic differentiation and physically gradient synthetic poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) to impart mechanical strength. In vitro and in vivo, we demonstrated that gradient-structured cartilage scaffold displayed better cartilage repair effect. The heterogeneous cartilage tissue maturation and blood vessel ingrowth were mediated by a pore-size-dependent mechanism and HIF1α/FAK axis activation. In summary, our results provided a theoretical basis for employing 3D bioprinting gradient-structured constructs for anisotropic cartilage regeneration and revealed HIF1α/FAK axis as a crucial regulator for cell-material interactions, so as to provide a new perspective for cartilage regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qiang Wu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Huangpu District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kerong Dai
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongzhong Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
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25
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Echeverria Molina MI, Malollari KG, Komvopoulos K. Design Challenges in Polymeric Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:617141. [PMID: 34195178 PMCID: PMC8236583 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.617141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous surgical procedures are daily performed worldwide to replace and repair damaged tissue. Tissue engineering is the field devoted to the regeneration of damaged tissue through the incorporation of cells in biocompatible and biodegradable porous constructs, known as scaffolds. The scaffolds act as host biomaterials of the incubating cells, guiding their attachment, growth, differentiation, proliferation, phenotype, and migration for the development of new tissue. Furthermore, cellular behavior and fate are bound to the biodegradation of the scaffold during tissue generation. This article provides a critical appraisal of how key biomaterial scaffold parameters, such as structure architecture, biochemistry, mechanical behavior, and biodegradability, impart the needed morphological, structural, and biochemical cues for eliciting cell behavior in various tissue engineering applications. Particular emphasis is given on specific scaffold attributes pertaining to skin and brain tissue generation, where further progress is needed (skin) or the research is at a relatively primitive stage (brain), and the enumeration of some of the most important challenges regarding scaffold constructs for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Echeverria Molina
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Katerina G Malollari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Kyriakos Komvopoulos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
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Wang X, Li Z, Wang C, Bai H, Wang Z, Liu Y, Bao Y, Ren M, Liu H, Wang J. Enlightenment of Growth Plate Regeneration Based on Cartilage Repair Theory: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:654087. [PMID: 34150725 PMCID: PMC8209549 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.654087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth plate (GP) is a cartilaginous region situated between the epiphysis and metaphysis at the end of the immature long bone, which is susceptible to mechanical damage because of its vulnerable structure. Due to the limited regeneration ability of the GP, current clinical treatment strategies (e.g., bone bridge resection and fat engraftment) always result in bone bridge formation, which will cause length discrepancy and angular deformity, thus making satisfactory outcomes difficult to achieve. The introduction of cartilage repair theory and cartilage tissue engineering technology may encourage novel therapeutic approaches for GP repair using tissue engineered GPs, including biocompatible scaffolds incorporated with appropriate seed cells and growth factors. In this review, we summarize the physiological structure of GPs, the pathological process, and repair phases of GP injuries, placing greater emphasis on advanced tissue engineering strategies for GP repair. Furthermore, we also propose that three-dimensional printing technology will play a significant role in this field in the future given its advantage of bionic replication of complex structures. We predict that tissue engineering strategies will offer a significant alternative to the management of GP injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianggang Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zuhao Li
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haotian Bai
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zhonghan Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yuzhe Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yirui Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA 965 Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Ming Ren
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - He Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
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27
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Jiang Z, Zhang K, Du L, Cheng Z, Zhang T, Ding J, Li W, Xu B, Zhu M. Construction of chitosan scaffolds with controllable microchannel for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 126:112178. [PMID: 34082978 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microchannels are effective means of enabling the functional performance of tissue engineering scaffolds. Chitosan, a partial deacetylation derivative of chitin, exhibiting excellent biocompatibility, has been widely used in clinical practice. However, development of chitosan scaffolds with controllable microchannels architecture remains an engineering challenge. Here, we generated chitosan scaffolds with adjustable microchannel by combining a 3D printing microfiber templates-leaching method and a freeze-drying method. We can precisely control the arrangement, diameter and density of microchannel within chitosan scaffolds. Moreover, the integrated bilayer scaffolds with the desired structural parameters in each layer were fabricated and exhibited no delamination. The flow rate and volume of the simulated fluid can be modulated by diverse channels architecture. Additionally, the microchannel structure promoted cell survival, proliferation and distribution in vitro, and improved cell and tissue ingrowth and vascular formation in vivo. This study opens a new road for constructing chitosan scaffolds, and can further extend their application scope across tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyan Jiang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Kaihui Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Lilong Du
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China.
| | - Zhaojun Cheng
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Tongxing Zhang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Ji Ding
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Wen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Baoshan Xu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China.
| | - Meifeng Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Recent Developed Strategies for Enhancing Chondrogenic Differentiation of MSC: Impact on MSC-Based Therapy for Cartilage Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8830834. [PMID: 33824665 PMCID: PMC8007380 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8830834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is susceptible to damage, but its self-repair is hindered by its avascular nature. Traditional treatment methods are not able to achieve satisfactory repair effects, and the development of tissue engineering techniques has shed new light on cartilage regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most commonly used seed cells in cartilage tissue engineering. However, MSCs tend to lose their multipotency, and the composition and structure of cartilage-like tissues formed by MSCs are far from those of native cartilage. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop strategies that promote MSC chondrogenic differentiation to give rise to durable and phenotypically correct regenerated cartilage. This review provides an overview of recent advances in enhancement strategies for MSC chondrogenic differentiation, including optimization of bioactive factors, culture conditions, cell type selection, coculture, gene editing, scaffolds, and physical stimulation. This review will aid the further understanding of the MSC chondrogenic differentiation process and enable improvement of MSC-based cartilage tissue engineering.
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Balestri W, Morris RH, Hunt JA, Reinwald Y. Current Advances on the Regeneration of Musculoskeletal Interfaces. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 27:548-571. [PMID: 33176607 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The regeneration of the musculoskeletal system has been widely investigated. There is now detailed knowledge about the organs composing this system. Research has also investigated the zones between individual tissues where physical, mechanical, and biochemical properties transition. However, the understanding of the regeneration of musculoskeletal interfaces is still lacking behind. Numerous disorders and injuries can degrade or damage tissue interfaces. Their inability to regenerate can delay the tissue repair and regeneration process, leading to graft instability, high morbidity, and pain. Moreover, the knowledge of the mechanism of tissue interface development is not complete. This review presents an overview of the most recent approaches of the regeneration of musculoskeletal interfaces, including the latest in vitro, preclinical, and clinical studies. Impact statement Interfaces between soft and hard tissues are ubiquitous within the body. These transition zones are crucial for joint motion, stabilisation and load transfer between tissues, but do not seem to regenerate well after injury or deterioration. The knowledge about their biology is vast, but little is known about their development. Various musculoskeletal disorders in combination with risk factors including aging and unhealthy lifestyle, can lead to local imbalances, misalignments, inflammation, pain and restricted mobility. Our manuscript reviews the current approaches taken to promote the regeneration of musculoskeletal interfaces through in vitro, pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Balestri
- Department of Engineering and School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Robert H Morris
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - John A Hunt
- Medical Technologies and Advanced Materials, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,College of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yvonne Reinwald
- Department of Engineering and School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Zhou L, Gjvm VO, Malda J, Stoddart MJ, Lai Y, Richards RG, Ki-Wai Ho K, Qin L. Innovative Tissue-Engineered Strategies for Osteochondral Defect Repair and Regeneration: Current Progress and Challenges. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2001008. [PMID: 33103381 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Clinical treatments for the repair of osteochondral defects (OCD) are merely palliative, not completely curative, and thus enormously unfulfilled challenges. With the in-depth studies of biology, medicine, materials, and engineering technology, the conception of OCD repair and regeneration should be renewed. During the past decades, many innovative tissue-engineered approaches for repairing and regenerating damaged osteochondral units have been widely explored. Various scaffold-free and scaffold-based strategies, such as monophasic, biphasic, and currently fabricated multiphasic and gradient architectures have been proposed and evaluated. Meanwhile, progenitor cells and tissue-specific cells have also been intensively investigated in vivo as well as ex vivo. Concerning bioactive factors and drugs, they have been combined with scaffolds and/or living cells, and even released in a spatiotemporally controlled manner. Although tremendous progress has been achieved, further research and development (R&D) is needed to convert preclinical outcomes into clinical applications. Here, the osteochondral unit structure, its defect classifications, and diagnosis are summarized. Commonly used clinical reparative techniques, tissue-engineered strategies, emerging 3D-bioprinting technologies, and the status of their clinical applications are discussed. Existing challenges to translation are also discussed and potential solutions for future R&D directions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangbin Zhou
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory of Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Van Osch Gjvm
- Department of Orthopedics and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, 2600 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- Department of Orthopaedics of University Medical Center Utrecht, and Department of Clinical Sciences of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CS, The Netherlands
| | - Martin J Stoddart
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, Davos, CH 7270, Switzerland
| | - Yuxiao Lai
- Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - R Geoff Richards
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, Davos, CH 7270, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Ki-Wai Ho
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory of Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory of Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
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Jang CH, Koo Y, Kim G. ASC/chondrocyte-laden alginate hydrogel/PCL hybrid scaffold fabricated using 3D printing for auricle regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 248:116776. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kim HY, Chun SY, Lee EH, Kim B, Ha YS, Chung JW, Lee JN, Kim BS, Oh SH, Kwon TG. Bladder Regeneration Using a Polycaprolactone Scaffold with a Gradient Structure and Growth Factors in a Partially Cystectomized Rat Model. J Korean Med Sci 2020; 35:e374. [PMID: 33107231 PMCID: PMC7590654 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue engineering can be used for bladder augmentation. However, conventional scaffolds result in fibrosis and graft shrinkage. This study applied an alternative polycaprolactone (PCL)-based scaffold (diameter = 5 mm) with a noble gradient structure and growth factors (GFs) (epidermal growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor) to enhance bladder tissue regeneration in a rat model. METHODS Partially excised urinary bladders of 5-week-old male Slc:SD rats were reconstructed with the scaffold (scaffold group) or the scaffold combined with GFs (GF group) and compared with sham-operated (control group) and untreated rats (partial cystectomy group). Evaluations of bladder volume, histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and molecular markers were performed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation. RESULTS The bladder volumes of the scaffold and GF group recovered to the normal range, and those of the GF group showed more enhanced augmentation. Histological evaluations revealed that the GF group showed more organized urothelial lining, dense extracellular matrix, frequent angiogenesis, and enhanced smooth muscle bundle regeneration than the scaffold group. IHC for α-smooth muscle actin, pan-cytokeratin, α-bungarotoxin, and CD8 revealed that the GF group showed high formation of smooth muscle, blood vessel, urothelium, neuromuscular junction and low immunogenicity. Concordantly, real-time polymerase chain reaction experiments revealed that the GF group showed a higher expression of transcripts associated with smooth muscle and urothelial differentiation. In a 6-month in vivo safety analysis, the GF group showed normal histology. CONCLUSION This study showed that a PCL scaffold with a gradient structure incorporating GFs improved bladder regeneration functionally and histologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Yong Kim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - So Young Chun
- BioMedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun Hye Lee
- Joint Institution for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Bomi Kim
- BioMedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yun Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Wook Chung
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jun Nyung Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Bum Soo Kim
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Se Heang Oh
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea.
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
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The effect of diameter of fibre on formation of hydrogen bonds and mechanical properties of 3D-printed PCL. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 114:111072. [PMID: 32993993 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) technique has been widely utilized in fabrication of 3D porous scaffolds for tissue engineering (TE) applications. Surprisingly, although there are many publications devoted to the architectural features of the 3D scaffolds fabricated by the FDM, none of them give us evident information about the impact of the diameter of the fibres on material properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time, the effect of the diameter of 3D-printed PCL fibres on variations in their microstructure and resulting mechanical behaviour. The fibres made of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) were extruded through commonly used types of nozzles (inner diameter ranging from 0.18 mm to 1.07 mm) by means of FDM technique. Static tensile test and atomic force microscopy working in force spectroscopy mode revealed strong decrease in the Young's modulus and yield strength with increasing fibre diameter in the investigated range. To explain this phenomenon, we conducted differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle X-ray-scattering, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, infrared and polarized light microscopy imaging. The obtained results clearly showed that the most prominent effect on the obtained microstructures and mechanical properties had different cooling and shear rates during fabrication process causing changes in supramolecular interactions of PCL. The observed fibre size-dependent formation of hydrogen bonds affected the crystalline structure and its stability. Summarising, this study clearly demonstrates that the diameter of 3D-printed fibres has a strong effect on obtained microstructure and mechanical properties, therefore should be taken into consideration during design of the 3D TE scaffolds.
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Sun Y, You Y, Jiang W, Wang B, Wu Q, Dai K. 3D bioprinting dual-factor releasing and gradient-structured constructs ready to implant for anisotropic cartilage regeneration. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay1422. [PMID: 32917692 PMCID: PMC11206535 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage injury is extremely common and leads to joint dysfunction. Existing joint prostheses do not remodel with host joint tissue. However, developing large-scale biomimetic anisotropic constructs mimicking native cartilage with structural integrity is challenging. In the present study, we describe anisotropic cartilage regeneration by three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting dual-factor releasing and gradient-structured constructs. Dual-factor releasing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-laden hydrogels were used for anisotropic chondrogenic differentiation. Together with physically gradient synthetic biodegradable polymers that impart mechanical strength, the 3D bioprinted anisotropic cartilage constructs demonstrated whole-layer integrity, lubrication of superficial layers, and nutrient supply in deep layers. Evaluation of the cartilage tissue in vitro and in vivo showed tissue maturation and organization that may be sufficient for translation to patients. In conclusion, one-step 3D bioprinted dual-factor releasing and gradient-structured constructs were generated for anisotropic cartilage regeneration, integrating the feasibility of MSC- and 3D bioprinting-based therapy for injured or degenerative joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu 210029, China.
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yongqing You
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, North District of Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China.
| | - Wenbo Jiang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Kerong Dai
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Li R, Deng X, Liu F, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Reddy N, Liu W, Qiu Y, Jiang Q. Three-dimensional rope-like and cloud-like nanofibrous scaffolds facilitating in-depth cell infiltration developed using a highly conductive electrospinning system. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:16690-16696. [PMID: 32766629 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03071f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) nanofibrous scaffolds are at the forefront of tissue engineering research. However, owing to the compact geometries or unstable reserved pores, the scaffolds produced by the current techniques provide limited in-depth cell infiltration, leaving the regeneration of 3D tissues a major challenge. Herein, we have developed a novel single-step 3D electrospinning technique to create 3D rope-like or cloud-like nanofibrous scaffolds by introducing 0 to 0.9 wt% of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) into a spinning system and provided an insight into the mechanism. The incorporation of Ag NPs caused intense jet whipping and elevated fiber conductivity, allowing reverse charge transfer and segmented charge storage to provoke vertical collection of waved spirals. The resultant scaffolds exhibited ultrahigh specific pore volumes, facilitating in-depth cell attachment, migration, and proliferation. This work demonstrated a feasible approach to establish versatile 3D culture nanofibrous platforms for a variety of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xiong Deng
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Fei Liu
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Narendra Reddy
- Center for Incubation, Innovation, Research and Consultancy, Jyothy Institute of Technology, Thataguni Post, Bengaluru, 560082, India
| | - Wanshuang Liu
- Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yiping Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science &Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China. and College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Qiuran Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science &Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China. and College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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Li C, Ouyang L, Armstrong JPK, Stevens MM. Advances in the Fabrication of Biomaterials for Gradient Tissue Engineering. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 39:150-164. [PMID: 32650955 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural tissues and organs exhibit an array of spatial gradients, from the polarized neural tube during embryonic development to the osteochondral interface present at articulating joints. The strong structure-function relationships in these heterogeneous tissues have sparked intensive research into the development of methods that can replicate physiological gradients in engineered tissues. In this Review, we consider different gradients present in natural tissues and discuss their critical importance in functional tissue engineering. Using this basis, we consolidate the existing fabrication methods into four categories: additive manufacturing, component redistribution, controlled phase changes, and postmodification. We have illustrated this with recent examples, highlighted prominent trends in the field, and outlined a set of criteria and perspectives for gradient fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunching Li
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Liliang Ouyang
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James P K Armstrong
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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37
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Ebrahimi M, Botelho M, Lu W, Monmaturapoj N. Development of nanocomposite collagen/
HA
/
β‐TCP
scaffolds with tailored gradient porosity and permeability using vitamin E. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:2379-2394. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ebrahimi
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Prince Philip Dental Hospital The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Michael Botelho
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Prince Philip Dental Hospital The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - William Lu
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong
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Tang Y, Chen Y, Huang L, Gao F, Sun H, Huang C. Intramembranous Ossification Imitation Scaffold with the Function of Macrophage Polarization for Promoting Critical Bone Defect Repair. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:3569-3581. [PMID: 35025227 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The regeneration of craniofacial bone defects remains a crucial clinical challenge. To date, numerous biomaterials are applied in this field. However, current strategies have ignored the importance of intramembranous ossification and the vital role of macrophages in regulating osteogenesis. Here, an osteoblast (OB)-targeting peptide (SDSSD)-modified chitosan scaffold (CS-SDSSD) is developed for imitating the physiological process of bone development from the fibrous membrane. The addition of free peptide (fSDSSD) can recruit host OBs, and the peptide grafted on the scaffold (CS-SDSSD) can well organize the migrated OBs by binding with their surface periostin. Besides, macrophage polarization is found in the bone defects. CS-SDSSD + fSDSSD displays advantages in prioritizing M2 macrophage polarization and promoting the intramembranous ossification bone repair process. In summary, our strategy provides an economical and effective path for craniofacial bone repair and holds great potential for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Liyuan Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hualing Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Cui Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
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39
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Diaz-Gomez L, Elizondo ME, Kontoyiannis PD, Koons GL, Dacunha-Marinho B, Zhang X, Ajayan P, Jansen JA, Melchiorri AJ, Mikos AG. Three-Dimensional Extrusion Printing of Porous Scaffolds Using Storable Ceramic Inks. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 26:292-305. [PMID: 32326874 PMCID: PMC7310315 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we describe the additive manufacturing of porous three-dimensionally (3D) printed ceramic scaffolds prepared with hydroxyapatite (HA), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), or the combination of both with an extrusion-based process. The scaffolds were printed using a novel ceramic-based ink with reproducible printability and storability properties. After sintering at 1200°C, the scaffolds were characterized in terms of structure, mechanical properties, and dissolution in aqueous medium. Microcomputed tomography and scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed that the structure of the scaffolds, and more specifically, pore size, porosity, and isotropic dimensions were not significantly affected by the sintering process, resulting in scaffolds that closely replicate the original dimensions of the 3D model design. The mechanical properties of the sintered scaffolds were in the range of human trabecular bone for all compositions. All ceramic bioinks showed consistent printability over a span of 14 days, demonstrating the short-term storability of the formulations. Finally, the mass loss did not vary among the evaluated compositions over a period of 28 days except in the case of β-TCP scaffolds, in which the structural integrity was significantly affected after 28 days of incubation in phosphate-buffered saline. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the development of storable ceramic inks for the 3D printing of scaffolds of HA, β-TCP, and mixtures thereof with high fidelity and low shrinkage following sintering that could potentially be used for bone tissue engineering in load-bearing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Diaz-Gomez
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Maryam E. Elizondo
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Panayiotis D. Kontoyiannis
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Gerry L. Koons
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Bruno Dacunha-Marinho
- Unidade de Raios X, RIAIDT, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pulickel Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John A. Jansen
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Anthony J. Melchiorri
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Antonios G. Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
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40
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Yang KC, Chen IH, Yang YT, Hsiao JK, Wang CC. Effects of scaffold geometry on chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 110:110733. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Cui N, Han K, Li M, Wang J, Qian J. Pure polylysine-based foamy scaffolds and their interaction with MC3T3-E1 cells and osteogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 15:025004. [PMID: 31778985 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab5cfc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Polypeptide-derived copolymers have widely been exploited for drug/gene delivery due to their pendant functional groups and non-toxic degradation products. However, fabrication of polypeptide-based scaffolds for tissue engineering has seldom been reported. In this study, foamy poly(N ε -benzyl formateoxycarbonyl-L-Lysine) (PZL) and poly(N ε -benzyl formateoxycarbonyl-L-lysine-co-L-phenylalanine) (PZLP) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a combination of ring-opening polymerization of α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydride and negative porous NaCl templating approach. The physicochemical properties of these scaffolds including glass transition temperature, contact angle, compression modulus and degradation behavior were characterized. Both in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of the scaffolds were evaluated by MC3T3-E1 cell culture and SD subcutaneous model, respectively. The results from live-dead staining, MTT and ALP activity assays indicated that PZL scaffolds were more conducive to the adhesion, proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells compared to PZLP scaffolds in the initial culture period due to their specific surface properties. While porous structure rather than surface properties of scaffolds played a decisive role in the later stage of cell culture. The results of in vivo studies including H&E, Masson's trichrome and CD34 staining further demonstrated that PZL scaffolds supported the ingrowth of microvessels than PZLP scaffolds due to their surface property difference. Collectively, PZL scaffolds displayed good biocompatibility and could be a promising candidate for tissue engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Cui
- Key Laboratory of Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, People's Republic of China. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
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42
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Forget A, Rojas D, Waibel M, Pencko D, Gunenthiran S, Ninan N, Loudovaris T, Drogemuller C, Coates PT, Voelcker NH, Blencowe A. Facile preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds with pore size gradients using the muesli effect and their application to cell spheroid encapsulation. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:2495-2504. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurelien Forget
- School of Pharmacy and Medical ScienceUniversity of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Institute for Macromolecular ChemistryUniversity of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Darling Rojas
- The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET)The Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Michaela Waibel
- Immunology and Diabetes UnitSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research Fitzroy Victoria Australia
| | - Daniella Pencko
- The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET)The Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of MedicineThe University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Satyathiran Gunenthiran
- School of Pharmacy and Medical ScienceUniversity of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Future Industries InstituteUniversity of South Australia Mawson Lakes South Australia Australia
| | - Neethu Ninan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical ScienceUniversity of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Future Industries InstituteUniversity of South Australia Mawson Lakes South Australia Australia
| | - Thomas Loudovaris
- Immunology and Diabetes UnitSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research Fitzroy Victoria Australia
| | - Chris Drogemuller
- The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET)The Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of MedicineThe University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Patrick T. Coates
- The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET)The Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of MedicineThe University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Future Industries InstituteUniversity of South Australia Mawson Lakes South Australia Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing Clayton Victoria Australia
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash University Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Anton Blencowe
- School of Pharmacy and Medical ScienceUniversity of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Future Industries InstituteUniversity of South Australia Mawson Lakes South Australia Australia
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43
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Caldwell AS, Rao VV, Golden AC, Anseth KS. Porous bio-click microgel scaffolds control hMSC interactions and promote their secretory properties. Biomaterials 2020; 232:119725. [PMID: 31918222 PMCID: PMC7047645 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) are known to secrete numerous cytokines that signal to endogenous cells and aid in tissue regeneration. However, the role that biomaterial scaffolds can play in controlling hMSC secretory properties has been less explored. Here, microgels were co-assembled with hMSCs using three different microgel populations, with large (190 ± 100 μm), medium (110 ± 60 μm), and small (13 ± 6 μm) diameters, to create distinct porous environments that influenced hMSC clustering. Cells embedded in large diameter microgel networks resided in large clusters (~40 cells), compared to small clusters (~6 cells) observed in networks using medium diameter microgels and primarily single cells in small diameter microgel networks. Using a cytokine microarray, an overall increase in secretion was observed in scaffolds that promoted hMSC clustering, with over 60% of the measured cytokines most elevated in the large diameter microgel networks. N-cadherin interactions were identified as partially mediating these differences, so the microgel formulations were modified with an N-cadherin epitope, HAVDI, to mimic cell-cell interactions. Results revealed increased secretory properties for hMSCs in HAVDI functionalized scaffolds, even the non-clustered cells in small diameter microgel networks. Together, these results demonstrate opportunities for microgel-based scaffold systems for hMSC delivery and tailoring of porous materials properties to promote their secretory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Caldwell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303-0596, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303-0596, USA
| | - Varsha V Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303-0596, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303-0596, USA
| | - Alyxandra C Golden
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303-0596, USA
| | - Kristi S Anseth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303-0596, USA; BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303-0596, USA.
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44
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Abbasi N, Ivanovski S, Gulati K, Love RM, Hamlet S. Role of offset and gradient architectures of 3-D melt electrowritten scaffold on differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts. Biomater Res 2020; 24:2. [PMID: 31911842 PMCID: PMC6942301 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-019-0180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-scaffold based therapies have the potential to offer an efficient osseous regenerative treatment and PCL has been commonly used as a scaffold, however its effectiveness is limited by poor cellular retention properties. This may be improved through a porous scaffold structure with efficient pore arrangement to increase cell entrapment. To facilitate this, melt electrowriting (MEW) has been developed as a technique able to fabricate cell-supporting scaffolds with precise micro pore sizes via predictable fibre deposition. The effect of the scaffold's architecture on cellular gene expression however has not been fully elucidated. METHODS The design and fabrication of three different uniform pore structures (250, 500 and 750 μm), as well as two offset scaffolds with different layout of fibres (30 and 50%) and one complex scaffold with three gradient pore sizes of 250-500 - 750 μm, was performed by using MEW. Calcium phosphate modification was applied to enhance the PCL scaffold hydrophilicity and bone inductivity prior to seeding with osteoblasts which were then maintained in culture for up to 30 days. Over this time, osteoblast cell morphology, matrix mineralisation, osteogenic gene expression and collagen production were assessed. RESULTS The in vitro findings revealed that the gradient scaffold significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity in the attached osteoblasts while matrix mineralization was higher in the 50% offset scaffolds. The expression of osteocalcin and osteopontin genes were also upregulated compared to other osteogenic genes following 30 days culture, particularly in offset and gradient scaffold structures. Immunostaining showed significant expression of osteocalcin in offset and gradient scaffold structures. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the heterogenous pore sizes in gradient and fibre offset PCL scaffolds prepared using MEW significantly improved the osteogenic potential of osteoblasts and hence may provide superior outcomes in bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Abbasi
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4215 Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4215 Australia
| | - Saso Ivanovski
- School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Herston Campus, St Lucia, Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Karan Gulati
- School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Herston Campus, St Lucia, Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Robert M. Love
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4215 Australia
| | - Stephen Hamlet
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4215 Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland 4215 Australia
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45
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Cipollaro L, Ciardulli MC, Della Porta G, Peretti GM, Maffulli N. Biomechanical issues of tissue-engineered constructs for articular cartilage regeneration: in vitro and in vivo approaches. Br Med Bull 2019; 132:53-80. [PMID: 31854445 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldz034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the limited regenerative capacity of injured articular cartilage, the absence of suitable therapeutic options has encouraged tissue-engineering approaches for its regeneration or replacement. SOURCES OF DATA Published articles in any language identified in PubMed and Scopus electronic databases up to August 2019 about the in vitro and in vivo properties of cartilage engineered constructs. A total of 64 articles were included following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Regenerated cartilage lacks the biomechanical and biological properties of native articular cartilage. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY There are many different approaches about the development of the architecture and the composition of the scaffolds. GROWING POINTS Novel tissue engineering strategies focus on the development of cartilaginous biomimetic materials able to repair cartilage lesions in association to cell, trophic factors and gene therapies. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH A multi-layer design and a zonal organization of the constructs may lead to achieve cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Cipollaro
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Giuseppe M Peretti
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent, UK
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Nyberg E, O’Sullivan A, Grayson W. scafSLICR: A MATLAB-based slicing algorithm to enable 3D-printing of tissue engineering scaffolds with heterogeneous porous microarchitecture. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225007. [PMID: 31743350 PMCID: PMC6863524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
3D-printing is a powerful manufacturing tool that can create precise microscale architectures across macroscale geometries. Within biomedical research, 3D-printing of various materials has been used to fabricate rigid scaffolds for cell and tissue engineering constructs with precise microarchitecture to direct cell behavior and macroscale geometry provides patient specificity. While 3D-printing hardware has become low-cost due to modeling and rapid prototyping applications, there is no common paradigm or platform for the controlled design and manufacture of 3D-printed constructs for tissue engineering. Specifically, controlling the tissue engineering features of pore size, porosity, and pore arrangement is difficult using currently available software. We have developed a MATLAB approach termed scafSLICR to design and manufacture tissue-engineered scaffolds with precise microarchitecture and with simple options to enable spatially patterned pore properties. Using scafSLICR, we designed, manufactured, and characterized porous scaffolds in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene with a variety of pore sizes, porosities, and gradients. We found that transitions between different porous regions maintained an open, connected porous network without compromising mechanical integrity. Further, we demonstrated the usefulness of scafSLICR in patterning different porous designs throughout large anatomic shapes and in preparing craniofacial tissue engineering bone scaffolds. Finally, scafSLICR is distributed as open-source MATLAB scripts and as a stand-alone graphical interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Nyberg
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Aine O’Sullivan
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Warren Grayson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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47
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Li Y, Jahr H, Pavanram P, Bobbert FSL, Paggi U, Zhang XY, Pouran B, Leeflang MA, Weinans H, Zhou J, Zadpoor AA. Additively manufactured functionally graded biodegradable porous iron. Acta Biomater 2019; 96:646-661. [PMID: 31302295 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Additively manufactured (AM) functionally graded porous metallic biomaterials offer unique opportunities to satisfy the contradictory design requirements of an ideal bone substitute. However, no functionally graded porous structures have ever been 3D-printed from biodegradable metals, even though biodegradability is crucial both for full tissue regeneration and for the prevention of implant-associated infections in the long term. Here, we present the first ever report on AM functionally graded biodegradable porous metallic biomaterials. We made use of a diamond unit cell for the topological design of four different types of porous structures including two functionally graded structures and two reference uniform structures. Specimens were then fabricated from pure iron powder using selective laser melting (SLM), followed by experimental and computational analyses of their permeability, dynamic biodegradation behavior, mechanical properties, and cytocompatibility. It was found that the topological design with functional gradients controlled the fluid flow, mass transport properties and biodegradation behavior of the AM porous iron specimens, as up to 4-fold variations in permeability and up to 3-fold variations in biodegradation rate were observed for the different experimental groups. After 4 weeks of in vitro biodegradation, the AM porous scaffolds lost 5-16% of their weight. This falls into the desired range of biodegradation rates for bone substitution and confirms our hypothesis that topological design could indeed accelerate the biodegradation of otherwise slowly degrading metals, like iron. Even after 4 weeks of biodegradation, the mechanical properties of the specimens (i.e., E = 0.5-2.1 GPa, σy = 8-48 MPa) remained within the range of the values reported for trabecular bone. Design-dependent cell viability did not differ from gold standard controls for up to 48 h. This study clearly shows the great potential of AM functionally graded porous iron as a bone substituting material. Moreover, we demonstrate that complex topological design permits the control of mechanical properties, degradation behavior of AM porous metallic biomaterials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: No functionally graded porous structures have ever been 3D-printed from biodegradable metals, even though biodegradability is crucial both for full tissue regeneration and for the prevention of implant-associated infections in the long term. Here, we present the first report on 3D-printed functionally graded biodegradable porous metallic biomaterials. Our results suggest that topological design in general, and functional gradients in particular can be used as an important tool for adjusting the biodegradation behavior of AM porous metallic biomaterials. The biodegradation rate and mass transport properties of AM porous iron can be increased while maintaining the bone-mimicking mechanical properties of these biomaterials. The observations reported here underline the importance of proper topological design in the development of AM porous biodegradable metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands.
| | - H Jahr
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht 6202 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - P Pavanram
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - F S L Bobbert
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - U Paggi
- 3D Systems - LayerWise NV, Grauwmeer 14, Leuven 3001, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - X-Y Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10004, China
| | - B Pouran
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands; Department of Orthopedics, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - M A Leeflang
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - H Weinans
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands; Department of Orthopedics, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - J Zhou
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - A A Zadpoor
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
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48
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Ameer JM, Pr AK, Kasoju N. Strategies to Tune Electrospun Scaffold Porosity for Effective Cell Response in Tissue Engineering. J Funct Biomater 2019; 10:E30. [PMID: 31324062 PMCID: PMC6787600 DOI: 10.3390/jfb10030030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims to develop artificial human tissues by culturing cells on a scaffold in the presence of biochemical cues. Properties of scaffold such as architecture and composition highly influence the overall cell response. Electrospinning has emerged as one of the most affordable, versatile, and successful approaches to develop nonwoven nano/microscale fibrous scaffolds whose structural features resemble that of the native extracellular matrix. However, dense packing of the fibers leads to small-sized pores which obstruct cell infiltration and therefore is a major limitation for their use in tissue engineering applications. To this end, a variety of approaches have been investigated to enhance the pore properties of the electrospun scaffolds. In this review, we collect state-of-the-art modification methods and summarize them into six classes as follows: approaches focused on optimization of packing density by (a) conventional setup, (b) sequential or co-electrospinning setups, (c) involving sacrificial elements, (d) using special collectors, (e) post-production processing, and (f) other specialized methods. Overall, this review covers historical as well as latest methodologies in the field and therefore acts as a quick reference for those interested in electrospinning matrices for tissue engineering and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimna Mohamed Ameer
- Division of Tissue Culture, Department of Applied Biology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala, India
| | - Anil Kumar Pr
- Division of Tissue Culture, Department of Applied Biology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala, India
| | - Naresh Kasoju
- Division of Tissue Culture, Department of Applied Biology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, Kerala, India.
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Chen T, Cao F, Wu X, Peng W, Zhi W, Weng J, Zhang X, Wang J. Constructing Gene-Enhanced Tissue Engineering for Regeneration and Repair of Osteochondral Defects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1900004. [PMID: 32648702 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In situ sustained release of endogenous growth factors from cells is a challenge for repair and regeneration of tissue. Although recombinant adenovirus vectors are an effective delivery system that can prolong the release of growth factors and is very suitable for the therapy of growth factors, these recombinant adenovirus vectors that are widely used at present have low safety and stability in terms of long-term expression. In this study, the above problems are solved by knocking out both E1 and E3 genes at the same time and directly inserting the gene fragments encoding target proteins after the inverted terminal repeats. Finally, the combination of gene therapy with tissue engineering in regeneration and repair of full-thickness defects of osteochondral tissue are applied as an example. The results show that this strategy can achieve complete repair of articular osteochondral defects and recovery of their function, and meanwhile solve the problems of low safety and expression instability of recombinant adenovirus vectors. This method provides a bright prospect for the application of gene enhanced tissue engineering in the regeneration and repair of joint tissue, and also provides a reference for the repair and regeneration of other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
| | - Fei Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhen Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
| | - Jie Weng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Engineering Research Center in Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
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Damanik FFR, Spadolini G, Rotmans J, Farè S, Moroni L. Biological activity of human mesenchymal stromal cells on polymeric electrospun scaffolds. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:1088-1100. [PMID: 30633255 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00693h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning provides a simple robust method to manufacture scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Though varieties of materials can be used, optimization and biocompatibility tests are required to provide functional tissue regeneration. Moreover, many studies are limited to 2D electrospun constructs rather than 3D templates due to the production of high density packed fibres, which result in poor cell infiltration. Here, we optimised electrospinning parameters for three different polymers: poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PA) copolymers. Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) were cultured on scaffolds for 14 days to study the scaffolds' biocompatibility and their multi-lineage differentiation potential or maintenance of stemness in the absence of chemical stimuli. For all scaffolds, a high and stable metabolic activity was measured throughout the culture time with a high proliferation rate compared to day 1 (PCL 5.8-, PLA 4-, PA 4.9-fold). The metabolism of hMSCs was also measured through glucose and lactate concentrations, showing no cytotoxic levels up to 14 days. Total glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production was the highest in PA electrospun scaffolds. When normalized to DNA, GAG production was the highest in PLA and PA scaffolds. All scaffolds were prone to differentiate to an osteogenic lineage, with PCL providing the highest alkaline phosphatase and collagen type Ia gene upregulation. As PA had the most stable fibre formation, it was chosen as a template to further incorporate stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and stimulate higher hMSC infiltration. These scaffolds provided significantly higher hMSC infiltration than normal PA scaffolds. In conclusion, our optimized biocompatible electrospun scaffolds have shown promising regulation of hMSC fate. When combined with migratory stimulating cytokines, these scaffolds may overcome the known challenges of poor cellular infiltration typical of micro- and nano-fibrillary random meshes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Febriyani F R Damanik
- University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Zuidhorst 145, 7522 NB Enschede, the Netherlands
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