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Dabdoub S, Greenlee A, Abboud G, Brengartner L, Zuiker E, Gorr MW, Wold LE, Kumar PS, Cray J. Acute exposure to electronic cigarette components alters mRNA expression of pre-osteoblasts. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70017. [PMID: 39213037 PMCID: PMC11371384 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302014rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The use of traditional nicotine delivery products such as tobacco has long been linked to detrimental health effects. However, little work to date has focused on the emerging market of aerosolized nicotine delivery known as electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) or electronic cigarettes, and their potential for new effects on human health. Challenges studying these devices include heterogeneity in the formulation of the common components of most available ENDS, including nicotine and a carrier (commonly composed of propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin, or PG/VG). In the present study, we report on experiments interrogating the effects of major identified components in e-cigarettes. Specifically, the potential concomitant effects of nicotine and common carrier ingredients in commercial "vape" products are explored in vitro to inform the potential health effects on the craniofacial skeleton through novel vectors as compared to traditional tobacco products. MC3T3-E1 murine pre-osteoblast cells were cultured in vitro with clinically relevant liquid concentrations of nicotine, propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), Nicotine+PG/VG, and the vape liquid of a commercial product (Juul). Cells were treated acutely for 24 h and RNA-Seq was utilized to determine segregating alteration in mRNA signaling. Influential gene targets identified with sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) implemented in mixOmics were assessed using the PANTHER Classification system for molecular functions, biological processes, cellular components, and pathways of effect. Additional endpoint functional analyses were used to confirm cell cycle changes. The initial excitatory concentration (EC50) studied defined a target concentration of carrier PG/VG liquid that altered the cell cycle of the calvarial cells. Initial sPLS-DA analysis demonstrated the segregation of nicotine and non-nicotine exposures utilized in our in vitro modeling. Pathway analysis suggests a strong influence of nicotine exposures on cellular processes including metabolic processes and response to stimuli including autophagic flux. Further interrogation of the individual treatment conditions demonstrated segregation by treatment modality (Control, Nicotine, Carrier (PG+VG), Nicotine+PG/VG) along three dimensions best characterized by: latent variable 1 (PLSDA-1) showing strong segregation based on nicotine influence on cellular processes associated with cellular adhesion to collagen, osteoblast differentiation, and calcium binding and metabolism; latent variable 2 (PLSDA-2) showing strong segregation of influence based on PG+VG and Control influence on cell migration, survival, and cycle regulation; and latent variable 3 (PLSDA-3) showing strong segregation based on Nicotine and Control exposure influence on cell activity and growth and developmental processes. Further, gene co-expression network analysis implicates targets of the major pathway genes associated with bone growth and development, particularly craniofacial (FGF, Notch, TGFβ, WNT) and analysis of active subnetwork pathways found these additionally overrepresented in the Juul exposure relative to Nicotine+PG/VG. Finally, experimentation confirmed alterations in cell count, and increased evidence of cell stress (markers of autophagy), but no alteration in apoptosis. These data suggest concomitant treatment with Nicotine+PG/VG drives alterations in pre-osteoblast cell cycle signaling, specifically transcriptomic targets related to cell cycle and potentially cell stress. Although we suspected cell stress and well as cytotoxic effects of Nicotine+PG/VG, no great influence on apoptotic factors was observed. Further RNA-Seq analysis allowed for the direct interrogation of molecular targets of major pathways involved in bone and craniofacial development, each demonstrating segregation (altered signaling) due to e-cigarette-type exposure. These data have implications directed toward ENDS formulation as synergistic effects of Nicotine+PG/VG are evidenced here. Thus, future research will continue to interrogate how varied formulation of Nicotine+PG/VG affects overall cell functions in multiple vital systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shareef Dabdoub
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Ashley Greenlee
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - George Abboud
- Undergraduate Biomedical Sciences Major, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Lexie Brengartner
- Undergraduate Biomedical Sciences Major, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Eryn Zuiker
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Matthew W. Gorr
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Loren E. Wold
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Purnima S. Kumar
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan
| | - James Cray
- Department of Biomedical Education and Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
- Divisions of Biosciences and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
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Wei X, Wan C, Peng X, Luo Y, Hu M, Cheng C, Feng S, Yu X. Copper-based carbon dots modified hydrogel with osteoimmunomodulatory and osteogenesis for bone regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5734-5748. [PMID: 38771222 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00526k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials with dual functions of osteoimmunomodulation and bone repair are very promising in the field of orthopedic materials. For this purpose, we prepared copper-based carbon dots (CuCDs) and doped them into oxychondroitin sulfate/poly-acrylamide hydrogel (OPAM) to obtain a hybrid hydrogel (CuCDs/OPAM). We evaluated its osteoimmunomodulatory and bone repair properties in vitro and in vivo. The obtained CuCDs/OPAM exhibited good rBMSCs-cytocompatibility and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. It also could effectively promote rBMSCs differentiation and the expression of osteogenic differentiation factors from rBMSCs under an inflammatory environment. Moreover, CuCDs/OPAM could induce macrophage phenotype switching (from M1-type macrophages to M2-type macrophages) in vivo, which is beneficial for anti-inflammatory action and presents good osteoimmunomodulation capability to induce a bone immune microenvironment to promote the differentiation of rBMSCs. In conclusion, CuCDs/OPAM hydrogel has dual functions of osteoimmunomodulatory and bone repair and is a promising bone filling and repair material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wei
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Chang Wan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Xu Peng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
- Experimental and Research Animal Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yihao Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Mengyue Hu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Can Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Shaoxiong Feng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Xixun Yu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
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Xie G, Huang C, Jiang S, Li H, Gao Y, Zhang T, Zhang Q, Pavel V, Rahmati M, Li Y. Smoking and osteoimmunology: Understanding the interplay between bone metabolism and immune homeostasis. J Orthop Translat 2024; 46:33-45. [PMID: 38765605 PMCID: PMC11101877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking continues to pose a global threat to morbidity and mortality in populations. The detrimental impact of smoking on health and disease includes bone destruction and immune disruption in various diseases. Osteoimmunology, which explores the communication between bone metabolism and immune homeostasis, aims to reveal the interaction between the osteoimmune systems in disease development. Smoking impairs the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts in bone formation while promoting osteoclast differentiation in bone resorption. Furthermore, smoking stimulates the Th17 response to increase inflammatory and osteoclastogenic cytokines that promote the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) signaling in osteoclasts, thus exacerbating bone destruction in periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. The pro-inflammatory role of smoking is also evident in delayed bone fracture healing and osteoarthritis development. The osteoimmunological therapies are promising in treating periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis, but further research is still required to block the smoking-induced aggravation in these diseases. Translational potential This review summarizes the adverse effect of smoking on mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts and elucidates the smoking-induced exacerbation of periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis, bone fracture healing, and osteoarthritis from an osteoimmune perspective. We also propose the therapeutic potential of osteoimmunological therapies for bone destruction aggravated by smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Xie
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shide Jiang
- The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, 425000, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yihan Gao
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wendeng Zhenggu Hospital of Shandong Province, Weihai, 264400, China
| | - Qidong Zhang
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Volotovski Pavel
- Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Minsk 220024, Belarus
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Yusheng Li
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
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Xiang K, Ren M, Liu F, Li Y, He P, Gong X, Chen T, Wu T, Huang Z, She H, Liu K, Jing Z, Yang S. Tobacco toxins trigger bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells aging by inhibiting mitophagy. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116392. [PMID: 38677065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Smoking disrupts bone homeostasis and serves as an independent risk factor for the development and progression of osteoporosis. Tobacco toxins inhibit the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), promote BMSCs aging and exhaustion, but the specific mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Herein, we successfully established a smoking-related osteoporosis (SROP) model in rats and mice through intraperitoneal injection of cigarette smoke extract (CSE), which significantly reduced bone density and induced aging and inhibited osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs both in vivo and in vitro. Bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments confirmed that CSE disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis through oxidative stress and inhibition of mitophagy. Furthermore, we discovered that CSE induced BMSCs aging by upregulating phosphorylated AKT, which in turn inhibited the expression of FOXO3a and the Pink1/Parkin pathway, leading to the suppression of mitophagy and the accumulation of damaged mitochondria. MitoQ, a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant and mitophagy agonist, was effective in reducing CSE-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress, promoting mitophagy, significantly downregulating the expression of aging markers in BMSCs, restoring osteogenic differentiation, and alleviating bone loss and autophagy levels in CSE-exposed mice. In summary, our results suggest that BMSCs aging caused by the inhibition of mitophagy through the AKT/FOXO3a/Pink1/Parkin axis is a key mechanism in smoking-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xiang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Mingxing Ren
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Fengyi Liu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yuzhou Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ping He
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xuerui Gong
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Tianli Wu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ziyu Huang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hui She
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Kehao Liu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Zheng Jing
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
| | - Sheng Yang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
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Guney Z, Altingoz SM, Has H, Serdar MA, Kurgan S. The impact of electronic cigarettes on peri-implant health: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2024; 143:104883. [PMID: 38360396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent literature suggests that the use of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) is a substantial contributing factor to the unsuccessful outcomes of dental implant procedures. Our aim was to systematically review the effect of e-cigarette use on clinical (PI, PD, BOP), radiographic (bone loss), and immunologic (IL-1β) peri‑implant parameters. DATA Main search terms used in combination: electronic cigarette, peri‑implantitis, vaping. SOURCES An electronic search was undertaken for MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, and SCOPUS databases between 2017 and 2023. STUDY SELECTION The study protocol was developed according to PRISMA guidelines, and the focus question was formulated according to the PICO strategy. No restriction was accepted regarding language or year to avoid selection bias; the initial database search yielded 49 publications. Following the selection process, only seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Seven studies were statistically analyzed via MedCalc program. A pooled effect was deemed statistically significant if the p-value was less than 0.05. CONCLUSION Electronic cigarettes cause an increase in probing depth, bone loss, and the level of IL-1β, one of the bone destruction mediators in the tissues around the implant, and a decrease in bleeding on probing. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE E-cigarette is a potential risk factor for the healing process and the results of implant treatment, similar to cigarettes. Performing clinical research to evaluate the e-cigarette effect on peri‑implantitis in an age and gender-match population is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Guney
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Merve Altingoz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hande Has
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhittin A Serdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acibadem University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sivge Kurgan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Heikkinen J, Tanner T, Bergmann U, Palosaari S, Lehenkari P. Cigarette smoke and nicotine effect on human mesenchymal stromal cell wound healing and osteogenic differentiation capacity. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-54. [PMID: 38496254 PMCID: PMC10943629 DOI: 10.18332/tid/185281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in promoting tissue regeneration and healing, particularly in bone tissue. Both smoking and nicotine use are known to delay and inhibit the healing process in patients. This study aims at delineating these cellular effects by comparing the impact of nicotine alone to cigarette smoke with equivalent nicotine content, and shedding light on potential differences in the healing process. METHODS We examined how cigarette smoke and nicotine affect the migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human patient-derived MSCs in vitro, as well as the secretion of cytokines IL-6 and IL-8. We measured nicotine concentration of the cigarette smoke extract (CSE) to clarify the role of the nicotine in the effect of the cigarette smoke. RESULTS MSCs exposed to nicotine-concentration-standardized CSE exhibited impaired wound healing capability, and at high concentrations, increased cell death. At lower concentrations, CSE dose-dependently impaired migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, and increased IL-8 secretion. Nicotine impaired proliferation and decreased PINP secretion. While there was a trend for elevated IL-6 levels by nicotine in undifferentiated MSCs, these changes were not statistically significant. Exposure of MSCs to equivalent concentrations of nicotine consistently elicited stronger responses by CSE and had a more pronounced effect on all studied parameters. Our results suggest that the direct effect of cigarette smoke on MSCs contributes to impaired MSC function, that adds to the nicotine effects. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoke extract reduced the migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation in MSCs in vitro, while nicotine alone reduced proliferation. Cigarette smoke impairs the osteogenic and regenerative ability of MSCs in a direct cytotoxic manner. Cytotoxic effect of nicotine alone impairs regenerative ability of MSCs, but it only partly explains cytotoxic effects of cigarette smoke. Direct effect of cigarette smoke, and partly nicotine, on MSCs could contribute to the smoking-related negative impact on long-term bone health, especially in bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Heikkinen
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tarja Tanner
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Dental Training Clinic, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ulrich Bergmann
- Proteomics and Protein Analysis, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sanna Palosaari
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Ng E, Tay JRH, Mattheos N, Bostanci N, Belibasakis GN, Seneviratne CJ. A Mapping Review of the Pathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis: The Biofilm-Mediated Inflammation and Bone Dysregulation (BIND) Hypothesis. Cells 2024; 13:315. [PMID: 38391928 PMCID: PMC10886485 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This mapping review highlights the need for a new paradigm in the understanding of peri-implantitis pathogenesis. The biofilm-mediated inflammation and bone dysregulation (BIND) hypothesis is proposed, focusing on the relationship between biofilm, inflammation, and bone biology. The close interactions between immune and bone cells are discussed, with multiple stable states likely existing between clinically observable definitions of peri-implant health and peri-implantitis. The framework presented aims to explain the transition from health to disease as a staged and incremental process, where multiple factors contribute to distinct steps towards a tipping point where disease is manifested clinically. These steps might be reached in different ways in different patients and may constitute highly individualised paths. Notably, factors affecting the underlying biology are identified in the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis, highlighting that disruptions to the host-microbe homeostasis at the implant-mucosa interface may not be the sole factor. An improved understanding of disease pathogenesis will allow for intervention on multiple levels and a personalised treatment approach. Further research areas are identified, such as the use of novel biomarkers to detect changes in macrophage polarisation and activation status, and bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Ng
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore;
| | - John Rong Hao Tay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore;
| | - Nikos Mattheos
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Georgios N. Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14152 Stockholm, Sweden; (N.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-Facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore
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Jing Z, Li Y, Zhang H, Chen T, Yu J, Xu X, Zou Y, Wang X, Xiang K, Gong X, He P, Fu Y, Ren M, Ji P, Yang S. Tobacco toxins induce osteoporosis through ferroptosis. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102922. [PMID: 37826866 PMCID: PMC10571034 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical epidemiological studies have confirmed that tobacco smoking disrupts bone homeostasis and is an independent risk factor for the development of osteoporosis. The low viability and inferior osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are important etiologies of osteoporosis. However, few basic studies have elucidated the specific mechanisms that tobacco toxins devastated BMSCs and consequently induced or exacerbated osteoporosis. Herein, our clinical data showed the bone mineral density (BMD) values of femoral neck in smokers were significantly lower than non-smokers, meanwhile cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure led to a significant decrease of BMD in rats and dysfunction of rat BMSCs (rBMSCs). Transcriptomic analysis and phenotype experiments suggested that the ferroptosis pathway was significantly activated in CSE-treated rBMSCs. Accumulated intracellular reactive oxygen species activated AMPK signaling, furtherly promoted NCOA4-mediated ferritin-selective autophagic processes, increased labial iron pool and lipid peroxidation deposition, and ultimately led to ferroptosis in rBMSCs. Importantly, in vivo utilization of ferroptosis and ferritinophagy inhibitors significantly alleviated BMD loss in CSE-exposed rats. Our study innovatively reveals the key mechanism of smoking-related osteoporosis, and provides a possible route targeting on the perspective of BMSC ferroptosis for future prevention and treatment of smoking-related bone homeostasis imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jing
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzhou Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - He Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinrui Yu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulong Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Xiang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuerui Gong
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping He
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiru Fu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingxing Ren
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
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9
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Reis INRD, do Amaral GCLS, Hassan MA, Villar CC, Romito GA, Spin-Neto R, Pannuti CM. The influence of smoking on the incidence of peri-implantitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023; 34:543-554. [PMID: 36939434 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to systematically analyze the influence of smoking on the incidence of peri-implantitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The search was performed in the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE-PubMed), SCOPUS, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science databases (finished on November 30, 2022). Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA statement. Prospective cohort studies that evaluate the incidence of peri-implantitis in smokers and non-smokers were included. Two authors independently searched for eligible studies, screened titles, and abstracts, did the full-text analysis, extracted data, and performed the risk-of-bias assessment. The results were summarized through random-effects meta-analyses. The GRADE method was used to determine the certainty of evidence. RESULTS A total of 7 studies with 702 patients and 1959 implants were included for analysis. The meta-analysis revealed a significant difference between smokers and non-smokers for the risk of peri-implantitis in the implant-based (p < .0001) and patient-based analysis (p = .003). A strong association between smoking and the risk for peri-implantitis was verified at the implant level (RR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.46-1.85) and the patient level (RR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.42-5.50). CONCLUSIONS Moderate certainty evidence suggests that smoking is associated with peri-implantitis compared to non-smoking at the patient and implant levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamed Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Cunha Villar
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Alexandre Romito
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rubens Spin-Neto
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Section for Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Claudio Mendes Pannuti
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang H, Zhou H, Guo X, Zhang G, Xiao M, Wu S, Jin C, Yang J, Lu X. Cigarette smoke triggers calcium overload in mouse hippocampal neurons via the ΔFOSB-CACNA2D1 axis to impair cognitive performance. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 258:114996. [PMID: 37167740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence shows that cigarette smoking impairs cognitive performance. The 'Calcium Hypothesis' theory of neuronopathies reveals a critical role of aberrant calcium signaling in compromised cognitive functions. However, the underlying implications of abnormalities in calcium signaling in the neurotoxicity induced by cigarette smoke (CS) have not yet been identified. CACNA2D1, an important auxiliary subunit involved in the composition of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), was reported to affect the calcium signaling in neurons by facilitating VGCCs-mediated Ca2+ influx. ΔFOSB, an alternatively-spliced product of the Fosb gene, is an activity-dependent transcription factor induced robustly in the brain in response to environmental stimuli such as CS. Interestingly, our preliminary bioinformatics analysis revealed a significant co-expression between ΔFOSB and CACNA2D1 in brain tissues of patients with neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive cognitive decline. Therefore, we hypothesized that the activation of the ΔFOSB-CACNA2D1 axis in response to CS exposure might cause dysregulation of calcium homeostasis in hippocampal neurons via VGCCs-mediated Ca2+ influx, thereby contributing to cognitive deficits. To this end, the present study established a CS-induced mouse model of hippocampus-dependent cognitive impairment, in which the activation of the ΔFOSB-CACNA2D1 axis accompanied by severe calcium overload was observed in the mouse hippocampal tissues. More importantly, ΔFOSB knockdown-/overexpression-mediated inactivation/activation of the ΔFOSB-CACNA2D1 axis interdicted/mimicked CS-induced dysregulation of calcium homeostasis followed by severe cellular damage in HT22 mouse hippocampal neurons. Mechanistically speaking, a further ChIP-qPCR assay confirmed the physical interaction between transcription factor ΔFOSB and the Cacna2d1 gene promoter, suggesting a direct transcriptional regulation of the Cacna2d1 gene by ΔFOSB. Overall, our current work aims to deliver a unique insight into the neurotoxic mechanisms induced by CS to explore potential targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Huabin Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhe Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Guopei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengwen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China.
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Nunes F, Oliveira P, Bergamo E, Kjellin P, Novaes A, Ghiraldini B, Bezerra F, Scombatti de Souza S. Effect of Smoke Exposure on Gene Expression in Bone Healing around Implants Coated with Nanohydroxyapatite. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3737. [PMID: 36364513 PMCID: PMC9653954 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of smoke exposure on the expression of genes related to bone metabolism in implants coated with nanohydroxyapatite (NHA). A total of 36 rats were exposed to cigarette smoke for 60 days. The animals were allocated into three groups: machined implants (MAC), dual acid-etched implants (DAE), and NHA-coated implants (NHA). Implants were installed in the left tibia of the rats after 30 days of smoke exposure. The implants were retrieved 7 and 30 days after implantation, and the adjacent bone analyzed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction for gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), receptor activator of the nuclear factor kappa ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), the RANKL/OPG ratio, osteocalcin (OCN) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). After 7 days, Runx2, OPN and OPG expression demonstrated significantly higher levels for the NHA surface treatment relative to DAE and MAC surfaces. NHA presented the lowest RANKL and RANKL/OPG levels. After 30 days, NHA-coated implants showed significantly higher levels of Runx2, ALP, OPN, OPG, OC, RANKL and RANKL/OPG relative to DAE and MAC implants. The results indicated a greater osteogenic and high osteoclastic activity around NHA implants, in comparison to DAE and MAC implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Nunes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14021-630, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Oliveira
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University Center of State of Para, Belem 66060-575, PA, Brazil
| | - Edmara Bergamo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Per Kjellin
- Promimic AB, AstraZeneca BioventureHub, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Arthur Novaes
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14021-630, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Ghiraldini
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14021-630, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Bezerra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14021-630, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Scombatti de Souza
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14021-630, SP, Brazil
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12
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Zhou M, Graves DT. Impact of the host response and osteoblast lineage cells on periodontal disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:998244. [PMID: 36304447 PMCID: PMC9592920 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.998244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis involves the loss of connective tissue attachment and alveolar bone. Single cell RNA-seq experiments have provided new insight into how resident cells and infiltrating immune cells function in response to bacterial challenge in periodontal tissues. Periodontal disease is induced by a combined innate and adaptive immune response to bacterial dysbiosis that is initiated by resident cells including epithelial cells and fibroblasts, which recruit immune cells. Chemokines and cytokines stimulate recruitment of osteoclast precursors and osteoclastogenesis in response to TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, RANKL and other factors. Inflammation also suppresses coupled bone formation to limit repair of osteolytic lesions. Bone lining cells, osteocytes and periodontal ligament cells play a key role in both processes. The periodontal ligament contains cells that exhibit similarities to tendon cells, osteoblast-lineage cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Bone lining cells consisting of mesenchymal stem cells, osteoprogenitors and osteoblasts are influenced by osteocytes and stimulate formation of osteoclast precursors through MCSF and RANKL, which directly induce osteoclastogenesis. Following bone resorption, factors are released from resorbed bone matrix and by osteoclasts and osteal macrophages that recruit osteoblast precursors to the resorbed bone surface. Osteoblast differentiation and coupled bone formation are regulated by multiple signaling pathways including Wnt, Notch, FGF, IGF-1, BMP, and Hedgehog pathways. Diabetes, cigarette smoking and aging enhance the pathologic processes to increase bone resorption and inhibit coupled bone formation to accelerate bone loss. Other bone pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis, post-menopausal osteoporosis and bone unloading/disuse also affect osteoblast lineage cells and participate in formation of osteolytic lesions by promoting bone resorption and inhibiting coupled bone formation. Thus, periodontitis involves the activation of an inflammatory response that involves a large number of cells to stimulate bone resorption and limit osseous repair processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dana T. Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Dana T. Graves,
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Antibacterial Adhesion Strategy for Dental Titanium Implant Surfaces: From Mechanisms to Application. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040169. [PMID: 36278638 PMCID: PMC9589972 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are widely used to restore missing teeth because of their stability and comfort characteristics. Peri-implant infection may lead to implant failure and other profound consequences. It is believed that peri-implantitis is closely related to the formation of biofilms, which are difficult to remove once formed. Therefore, endowing titanium implants with anti-adhesion properties is an effective method to prevent peri-implant infection. Moreover, anti-adhesion strategies for titanium implant surfaces are critical steps for resisting bacterial adherence. This article reviews the process of bacterial adhesion, the material properties that may affect the process, and the anti-adhesion strategies that have been proven effective and promising in practice. This article intends to be a reference for further improvement of the antibacterial adhesion strategy in clinical application and for related research on titanium implant surfaces.
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Apatzidou DA. The role of cigarette smoking in periodontal disease and treatment outcomes of dental implant therapy. Periodontol 2000 2022; 90:45-61. [PMID: 35950749 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking has been implicated in periodontal pathology through various mechanisms, including perturbations of the inflammatory and host responses to putative periodontal pathogens, alterations in the subgingival microbial communities, and a compromised healing potential of the tissues leading to imbalance of tissue homeostasis. This review provides the evidence for the relationship between cigarette smoking and periodontal disease in an attempt to explain possible mechanisms of how tobacco smoking may exert its negative effects on the periodontal tissues via systemic and localized pathways. Early and more recent studies explore cigarette smoking-induced changes in periodontal clinical indices; in subgingival microbial flora by employing traditional detection methods for selected microorganisms, in addition to modern techniques such as deep sequencing and bioinformatics analyses that are able to fully characterize the microbial communities; and in inflammatory and immune responses critically appraising study limitations and differences in study protocol designs. Periodontal treatment outcomes and implant therapy outcomes are reviewed in an attempt to shed light on possible mechanisms for the inferior treatment outcome noted in smokers. The potential harmful effects of passive smoking are also reviewed, providing evidence for the advantages of smoking cessation. Quitting cigarette smoking should be recommended by the dentist, and effort should be made to inform smokers about the negative effects of smoking on the periodontal status and implant therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danae Anastasia Apatzidou
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Thessaloniki, Greece
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15
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Nanoscale Modification of Titanium Implants Improves Behaviors of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Osteogenesis In Vivo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2235335. [PMID: 35028003 PMCID: PMC8752208 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2235335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The surficial micro/nanotopography and physiochemical properties of titanium implants are essential for osteogenesis. However, these surface characters' influence on stem cell behaviors and osteogenesis is still not fully understood. In this study, titanium implants with different surface roughness, nanostructure, and wettability were fabricated by further nanoscale modification of sandblasted and acid-etched titanium (SLA: sandblasted and acid-etched) by H2O2 treatment (hSLAs: H2O2 treated SLA). The rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs: rat bone mesenchymal stem cells) are cultured on SLA and hSLA surfaces, and the cell behaviors of attachment, spreading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation are further analyzed. Measurements of surface characteristics show hSLA surface is equipped with nanoscale pores on microcavities and appeared to be hydrophilic. In vitro cell studies demonstrated that the hSLA titanium significantly enhances cell response to attachment, spreading, and proliferation. The hSLAs with proper degree of H2O2 etching (h1SLA: treating SLA with H2O2 for 1 hour) harvest the best improvement of differentiation of rBMSCs. Finally, the osteogenesis in beagle dogs was tested, and the h1SLA implants perform much better bone formation than SLA implants. These results indicate that the nanoscale modification of SLA titanium surface endowing nanostructures, roughness, and wettability could significantly improve the behaviors of bone mesenchymal stem cells and osteogenesis on the scaffold surface. These nanoscale modified SLA titanium scaffolds, fabricated in our study with enhanced cell affinity and osteogenesis, had great potential for implant dentistry.
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Zefferino R, Fortunato F, Arsa A, Di Gioia S, Tomei G, Conese M. Assessment of Stress Salivary Markers, Perceived Stress, and Shift Work in a Cohort of Fishermen: A Preliminary Work. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:699. [PMID: 35055521 PMCID: PMC8775760 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to work-related stress, today, work itself represents a daily challenge that must be faced in many occupations. While, in the past, the scientific community has focused on the helping professions, since, an increasing number of professions have since been investigated. Therefore, different approaches exist in order to assess this disorder, representing a scientific field wherein biological and psychological dimensions both need to be evaluated. In this paper, we consider three biological salivary markers: interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), cortisol, and melatonin. The choice derives from recent contributions to the literature in which the interplay between these markers has been verified. Briefly, such interplay could explain how the central nervous, endocrine, and immune systems communicate with each other, supporting a holistic concept of person. In 30 marine fishermen from the Apulia region of Italy, perceived stress was measured using the Professional Stress Scale (PSS) and sleep disturbances were assessed through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Salivary markers were collected at 8:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. Those subjects reporting sleep disturbance and having altered scores in two PSS subclasses, home-work conflict and self-esteem, presented inverted salivary melatonin and cortisol nictemeral rhythms (with regard to melatonin levels at 8:00 a.m., those workers reporting values higher than the median showed 64.1% versus 48.6% home-work conflict with respect to cortisol levels, subjects having an inverted circadian rhythm showed 69.9% versus 52.5% home-work conflict, and these values resulted 47.7% versus 25.3% when the self-esteem was considered). As regards melatonin, PSQI score is statistically different in the two groups of subjects as identified by median melatonin at 8:00 a.m.; specifically, the subjects who had mean values higher than the median shared higher PSQI scores (10.8 versus 9.8). The same subjects reported more frequent home-work conflict and more sleep disorders. We found a negative correlation between IL-1β at 8:00 a.m. and Cortdiff (the difference between cortisol at 8:00 a.m.-cortisol at 2:00 p.m.), and that high IL-1β at 8:00 a.m. was associated with low Cortdiff. Based on our results we would like to propose this approach in health surveillance, in order to prevent mental and/or physical disorders, however our study is surely preliminary. The interesting perspectives and hypotheses cited in this paper, in which the roles of IL-1β and norepinephrine appear central and important, could remain hypothetical if not supported by more robust observation in order to produce, truly, new knowledge. In the future we will deepen this study with a larger sample, and if these results will be confirmed, this approach could allow preventing, not only mental and physical disorders, but also immuno-mediated diseases, and, perhaps, cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Zefferino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 121, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.F.); (A.A.); (S.D.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesca Fortunato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 121, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.F.); (A.A.); (S.D.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Addolorata Arsa
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 121, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.F.); (A.A.); (S.D.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Sante Di Gioia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 121, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.F.); (A.A.); (S.D.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Gianfranco Tomei
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimo Conese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 121, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.F.); (A.A.); (S.D.G.); (M.C.)
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Abaricia JO, Whitehead AJ, Kandalam S, Shah AH, Hotchkiss KM, Morandini L, Olivares-Navarrete R. E-cigarette Aerosol Mixtures Inhibit Biomaterial-Induced Osseointegrative Cell Phenotypes. MATERIALIA 2021; 20:101241. [PMID: 34778733 PMCID: PMC8589285 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2021.101241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Smoking is a known contributor to the failure of dental implants. Despite a decline in cigarette use, the popularity of e-cigarettes has exploded. However, little is known about how e-cigarettes affect the biologic response to implants. This study examines the effect of e-cigarette aerosol mixtures (ecig-AM) on macrophage activation and osteoblastogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in response to titanium (Ti) implant surfaces. METHODS Ecig-AMs were prepared by bubbling aerosol through PBS. Human-derived MSCs or murine-derived macrophages were plated on smooth, rough-hydrophobic, or rough-hydrophilic Ti surfaces in media supplemented with ecig-AM. In macrophages, expression of inflammatory markers was measured by qPCR and macrophage immunophenotype characterized by flow cytometry after 24 hours of exposure. In MSCs, expression of osteogenic markers and inflammatory cytokines was measured by qPCR and ELISA, while alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) was determined by colorimetric assay. RESULTS Ecig-AM polarized primary macrophages into a pro-inflammatory state with higher effect on ecig-AM with flavorants and nicotine. Metabolic activity of MSCs decreased in a concentration dependent fashion and was stronger in ecig-AM containing nicotine. MSCs reduced expression of osteogenic markers in response to ecig-AM, but increased RANKL secretion, particularly at the highest ecig-AM concentrations. The effect of ecig-AM exposure was lessened when macrophages or MSCs were cultured on rough-hydrophilic substrates. SIGNIFICANCE Ecig-AM activated macrophages into a pro-inflammatory phenotype and impaired MSC-to-osteoblast differentiation in response to Ti implant surfaces. These effects were potentiated by flavorants and nicotine, suggesting that e-cigarette use may compromise the osseointegration of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Suraj Kandalam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Arth H. Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Kelly M Hotchkiss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Lais Morandini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Rene Olivares-Navarrete
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
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Nishino K, Tamai K, Orita K, Hashimoto Y, Nakamura H. Heated Tobacco Products Impair Cell Viability, Osteoblastic Differentiation, and Bone Fracture-Healing. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2021; 103:2024-2031. [PMID: 34730563 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.20.02227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The negative impact of cigarette smoking on bone union has been well documented. However, the impact of heated tobacco product (HTP) use on bone fracture-healing remains unclear. The present study investigated the effect of HTPs on preosteoblast viability, osteoblastic differentiation, and fracture-healing and compared the effects with those of conventional combustible cigarettes. METHODS Cigarette smoke extracts (CSEs) were generated from combustible cigarettes (cCSE) and HTPs (hCSE). CSE concentrations were standardized by assessing optical density. Preosteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cells were incubated with normal medium, cCSE, or hCSE. The cell viability was assessed via MTT assay. After osteoblastic differentiation of CSE-exposed cells, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was assessed. To assess the in vivo effects of CSEs, a femoral midshaft osteotomy was performed in a rat model; thereafter, saline solution, cCSE, or hCSE was injected intraperitoneally, and bone union was assessed on the basis of micro-computed tomography (μCT) and biomechanical analysis 4 weeks later. RESULTS MC3T3-E1 cell viability was reduced in a time and concentration-dependent manner when treated with either cCSE or hCSE. ALP activity after osteoblastic differentiation of cCSE-treated cells was significantly lower than that of both untreated and hCSE-treated cells (mean and standard deviation, 452.4 ± 48.8 [untreated], 326.2 ± 26.2 [cCSE-treated], and 389.9 ± 26.6 [hCSE-treated] mol/L/min; p = 0.002). Moreover, the levels of osteoblastic differentiation in untreated and hCSE-treated cells differed significantly (p < 0.05). In vivo assessment of the femoral midshaft cortical region revealed that both cCSE and hCSE administration significantly decreased bone mineral content 4 weeks after surgery compared with levels observed in untreated animals (107.0 ± 11.9 [untreated], 94.5 ± 13.0 [cCSE-treated], and 89.0 ± 10.1 mg/cm3 [hCSE-treated]; p = 0.049). Additionally, cCSE and hCSE-exposed femora had significantly lower bone volumes than unexposed femora. Biomechanical analyses showed that both cCSE and hCSE administration significantly decreased femoral maximum load and elastic modulus (p = 0.015 and 0.019). CONCLUSIONS HTP use impairs cell viability, osteoblastic differentiation, and bone fracture-healing at levels comparable with those associated with combustible cigarette use. CLINICAL RELEVANCE HTP use negatively affects bone fracture-healing to a degree similar to that of combustible cigarettes. Orthopaedic surgeons should recommend HTP smoking cessation to improve bone union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Nishino
- Department of Orthopedics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the reliability of self-reported smoking status in the orthopaedic trauma population and determine if certain patient factors might predispose inaccurate self-reported smoking cessation. DESIGN Prospective. SETTING Level I trauma center. PATIENTS Two hundred forty-seven orthopaedic trauma patients were included in the study. INTERVENTION In-office measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO). MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Self-reported smoking cessation with exhaled CO measurements. RESULTS A total of 906 self-reported surveys were completed over 4 follow-up visits. Of the responses indicating smoking cessation (n = 174), 12.6% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.081-0.185] reported smoking cessation with positive CO readings, suggesting inaccurate self-reporting of smoking status. Over 20% of those patients inaccurately reporting abstinence did so more than once. The odds of inaccurate self-reporting was 3 times higher in patients with no insurance or government insurance [odds ratio (OR), 3.5; 95% CI, 1.1-11.0; P = 0.043] and in the unemployed (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 0.97-8.57; P = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS Self-reported smoking status in the orthopaedic population is fairly reliable, with 13% of patient's inaccurately self-reporting smoking cessation despite knowing their smoking status was being measured. Clinicians should be aware of the potential for inaccuracy in self-reported smoking cessation, particularly in patients with the identified socioeconomic factors. Point-of-care testing before elective trauma procedures to confirm smoking status might have a role if the procedure outcome is highly dependent on smoking status. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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20
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Caiado F, Pietras EM, Manz MG. Inflammation as a regulator of hematopoietic stem cell function in disease, aging, and clonal selection. J Exp Med 2021; 218:212381. [PMID: 34129016 PMCID: PMC8210622 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an evolutionarily selected defense response to infection or tissue damage that involves activation and consumption of immune cells in order to reestablish and maintain organismal integrity. In this process, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are themselves exposed to inflammatory cues and via proliferation and differentiation, replace mature immune cells in a demand-adapted fashion. Here, we review how major sources of systemic inflammation act on and subsequently shape HSC fate and function. We highlight how lifelong inflammatory exposure contributes to HSC inflamm-aging and selection of premalignant HSC clones. Finally, we explore emerging areas of interest and open questions remaining in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Caiado
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,University of Zürich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Markus G Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,University of Zürich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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21
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Morris TM, Marlborough FJ, Montgomery RJ, Allison KP, Eardley WGP. Smoking and the patient with a complex lower limb injury. Injury 2021; 52:814-824. [PMID: 33495022 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is known to increase the risk of peri-operative complications in Orthoplastic surgery by impairing bone and wound healing. The effects of nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs) and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has been less well established. Previous reviews have examined the relationship between smoking and bone and wound healing separately. This review provides surgeons with a comprehensive and contemporaneous account of how smoking in all forms interacts with all aspects of complex lower limb trauma. We provide a guide for surgeons to refer to during the consent process to enable them to tailor information towards smokers in such a way that the patient may understand the risks involved with their surgical treatment. We update the literature with recently discovered methods of monitoring and treating the troublesome complications that occur more commonly in smokers effected by trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Morris
- Orthoplastic Surgery Department, James Cook University Hospital, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, England, TS4 3BW.
| | - Fergal J Marlborough
- Orthoplastic Surgery Department, James Cook University Hospital, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, England, TS4 3BW
| | - Richard J Montgomery
- Orthoplastic Surgery Department, James Cook University Hospital, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, England, TS4 3BW
| | - Keith P Allison
- Orthoplastic Surgery Department, James Cook University Hospital, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, England, TS4 3BW
| | - William G P Eardley
- Orthoplastic Surgery Department, James Cook University Hospital, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, England, TS4 3BW
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22
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Hao Z, Li J, Li B, Alder KD, Cahill SV, Munger AM, Lee I, Kwon HK, Back J, Xu S, Kang MJ, Lee FY. Smoking Alters Inflammation and Skeletal Stem and Progenitor Cell Activity During Fracture Healing in Different Murine Strains. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:186-198. [PMID: 32866293 PMCID: PMC9057220 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Smokers are at a higher risk of delayed union or nonunion after fracture repair. Few specific interventions are available for prevention because the molecular mechanisms that result in these negative sequelae are poorly understood. Murine models that mimic fracture healing in smokers are crucial in further understanding the local cellular and molecular alterations during fracture healing caused by smoking. We exposed three murine strains, C57BL/6J, 129X1/SvJ, and BALB/cJ, to cigarette smoke for 3 months before the induction of a midshaft transverse femoral osteotomy. We evaluated fracture healing 4 weeks after the osteotomy using radiography, micro-computed tomography (μCT), and biomechanical testing. Radiographic analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in the fracture healing capacity of smoking 129X1/SvJ mice. μCT results showed delayed remodeling of fracture calluses in all three strains after cigarette smoke exposure. Biomechanical testing indicated the most significant impairment in the functional properties of 129X1/SvJ in comparison with C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ mice after cigarette smoke exposure. Thus, the 129X1/SvJ strain is most suitable in simulating smoking-induced impaired fracture healing. Furthermore, in smoking 129X1/SvJ murine models, we investigated the molecular and cellular alterations in fracture healing caused by cigarette smoking using histology, flow cytometry, and multiplex cytokine/chemokine analysis. Histological analysis showed impaired chondrogenesis in cigarette smoking. In addition, the important reparative cell populations, including skeletal stem cells and their downstream progenitors, demonstrated decreased expansion after injury as a result of cigarette smoking. Moreover, significantly increased pro-inflammatory mediators and the recruitment of immune cells in fracture hematomas were demonstrated in smoking mice. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the significant cellular and molecular alterations during fracture healing impaired by smoking, including disrupted chondrogenesis, aberrant skeletal stem and progenitor cell activity, and a pronounced initial inflammatory response. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Hao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Emergency and Trauma, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Kareme D Alder
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sean V Cahill
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alana M Munger
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Inkyu Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Kwon Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - JungHo Back
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shuogui Xu
- Department of Emergency and Trauma, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Jong Kang
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Francis Y Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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23
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Wang J, Su Y, Xu L, Li D. Micro-patterned surface construction on BCP ceramics and the regulation on inflammation-involved osteogenic differentiation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Chiari C, Grgurevic L, Bordukalo-Niksic T, Oppermann H, Valentinitsch A, Nemecek E, Staats K, Schreiner M, Trost C, Kolb A, Kainberger F, Pehar S, Milosevic M, Martinovic S, Peric M, Sampath TK, Vukicevic S, Windhager R. Recombinant Human BMP6 Applied Within Autologous Blood Coagulum Accelerates Bone Healing: Randomized Controlled Trial in High Tibial Osteotomy Patients. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:1893-1903. [PMID: 32543706 PMCID: PMC7689741 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are potent osteogenic proteins that induce new bone formation in vivo. However, their effect on bone healing in the trabecular bone surfaces remains challenging. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of recombinant human BMP6 (rhBMP6) applied within an autologous blood coagulum (ABC) in a surgically created wedge defect of the proximal tibia in patients undergoing high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for varus deformity and medial osteoarthritis of the knee. We enrolled 20 HTO patients in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded phase I/II clinical trial. RhBMP6/ABC (1.0 mg/10 mL ABC prepared from peripheral blood) or placebo (10 mL ABC containing excipients) was administered into the tibial wedge defects. Patients were followed for 0 to 24 months by clinical examination (safety) and computed tomography (CT) and serial radiographic analyses (efficacy). The results show that there were no detectable anti-rhBMP6 antibodies in the blood of any of the 20 patients at 14 weeks after implantation. During the 24 months of follow-up, there were no serious adverse reactions recorded. The CT scans from defects of patients treated with rhBMP6/ABC showed an accelerated bone healing compared with placebo at 9 weeks (47.8 ± 24.1 versus 22.2 ± 12.3 mg/cm3 ; p = 0.008) and at 14 weeks (89.7 ± 29.1 versus 53.6 ± 21.9 mg/cm3 ; p = 0.006) follow-up. Radiographic analyses at weeks 6 and 24 and months 12 and 24 suggested the advanced bone formation and remodeling in rhBMP6/ABC-treated patients. In conclusion, we show that rhBMP6/ABC at a dose of 100 μg/mL accelerated bone healing in patients undergoing HTO without serious adverse events and with a good tolerability compared with placebo alone. Overall, for the first time, a BMP-based osteogenic implant was examined against a placebo for bone healing efficacy in the trabecular bone surface, using an objective bone mineral density measurement system. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Chiari
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lovorka Grgurevic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Bordukalo-Niksic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Elena Nemecek
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kevin Staats
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Schreiner
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carmen Trost
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Kolb
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Kainberger
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sanja Pehar
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Milan Milosevic
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Sports, School of Public Health, "Andrija Stampar,", University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Mihaela Peric
- Department for Intracellular Communication, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Slobodan Vukicevic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Reinhard Windhager
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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25
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Hormaechea-Agulla D, Le DT, King KY. Common Sources of Inflammation and Their Impact on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Biology. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2020; 6:96-107. [PMID: 32837857 PMCID: PMC7429415 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-020-00177-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Inflammatory signals have emerged as critical regulators of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. Specifically, HSCs are highly responsive to acute changes in systemic inflammation and this influences not only their division rate but also their lineage fate. Identifying how inflammation regulates HSCs and shapes the blood system is crucial to understanding the mechanisms underpinning these processes, as well as potential links between them. Recent Findings A widening array of physiologic and pathologic processes involving heightened inflammation are now recognized to critically affect HSC biology and blood lineage production. Conditions documented to affect HSC function include not only acute and chronic infections but also autoinflammatory conditions, irradiation injury, and physiologic states such as aging and obesity. Summary Recognizing the contexts during which inflammation affects primitive hematopoiesis is essential to improving our understanding of HSC biology and informing new therapeutic interventions against maladaptive hematopoiesis that occurs during inflammatory diseases, infections, and cancer-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hormaechea-Agulla
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Duy T. Le
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Program in Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Katherine Y. King
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Program in Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
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26
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Zou R, Gui X, Zhang J, Tian Y, Liu X, Tian M, Chen T, Wu H, Chen J, Dai J, Cai H. Association of serum macrophage-mannose receptor CD206 with mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 86:106732. [PMID: 32622200 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) is attracting considerable attention due to disease acceleration and substantial mortality. Macrophages are known to regulate the fibrotic process in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. OBJECTIVE We investigated if two new macrophage-specific serum biomarkers, soluble mannose receptor (MR, sCD206) and soluble CD163 (sCD163), increased in serum obtained from patients with AE-IPF compared to stable IPF (S-IPF). METHODS A total of 36 IPF patients with AE status, 54 IPF patients with stable status, and 27 normal controls were enrolled in this study. The levels of serum sCD206 and sCD163 were compared among the three groups and analysed with the clinical features and mortality of IPF. RESULTS The serum concentrations of both markers were higher in patients with AE-IPF than in those with S-IPF (580.0 ng/ml vs 335 ng/ml for sCD206 and 69.2 ng/ml vs 37.9 ng/ml for sCD163). The level of sCD206 was related to an increased risk of mortality (HR = 1.002, p < 0.001). The best separation between decedents and survivors was obtained by sCD206 (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.712 and 95% confidence interval 0.595-0.830). CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that the macrophage-related markers sCD206 and sCD163 were significantly higher in patients with IPF, especially sCD206 in AE-IPF patients. The high level of serum sCD206 was associated with mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Zou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhua Gui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqiong Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinghong Dai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hourong Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Abaricia JO, Shah AH, Chaubal M, Hotchkiss KM, Olivares-Navarrete R. Wnt signaling modulates macrophage polarization and is regulated by biomaterial surface properties. Biomaterials 2020; 243:119920. [PMID: 32179303 PMCID: PMC7191325 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are among the first cells to interact with biomaterials and ultimately determine their integrative fate. Biomaterial surface characteristics like roughness and hydrophilicity can activate macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Wnt signaling, a key cell proliferation and differentiation pathway, has been associated with dysregulated macrophage activity in disease. However, the role Wnt signaling plays in macrophage activation and response to biomaterials is unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize the regulation of Wnt signaling in macrophages during classical pro- and anti-inflammatory polarization and in their response to smooth, rough, and rough-hydrophilic titanium (Ti) surfaces. Peri-implant Wnt signaling in macrophage-ablated (MaFIA) mice instrumented with intramedullary Ti rods was significantly attenuated compared to untreated controls. Wnt ligand mRNA were upregulated in a surface modification-dependent manner in macrophages isolated from the surface of Ti implanted in C57Bl/6 mice. In vitro, Wnt mRNAs were regulated in primary murine bone-marrow-derived macrophages cultured on Ti in a surface modification-dependent manner. When macrophageal Wnt secretion was inhibited, macrophage sensitivity to both physical and biological stimuli was abrogated. Loss of macrophage-derived Wnts also impaired recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells and T-cells to Ti implants in vivo. Finally, inhibition of integrin signaling decreased surface-dependent upregulation of Wnt genes. These results suggest that Wnt signaling regulates macrophage response to biomaterials and that macrophages are an important source of Wnt ligands during inflammation and healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson O Abaricia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Arth H Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Manotri Chaubal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Kelly M Hotchkiss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Rene Olivares-Navarrete
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
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28
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Zagoriti Z, El Mubarak MA, Farsalinos K, Topouzis S. Effects of Exposure to Tobacco Cigarette, Electronic Cigarette and Heated Tobacco Product on Adipocyte Survival and Differentiation In Vitro. TOXICS 2020; 8:E9. [PMID: 32033401 PMCID: PMC7151757 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking (CS) causes significant morbidity worldwide, attributed to the numerous toxicants generated by tobacco combustion. Electronic cigarettes (ECIG) and heated tobacco products (HTP) are considered alternative smoking/vaping products that deliver nicotine through an inhaled aerosol and emit fewer harmful constituents than CS. However, their long-term impacts on human health are not well established. Nicotine exposure has been linked to lipolysis and body weight loss, while smoking has been associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Enhanced function of beige (thermogenic) adipocytes has been proposed as a means to reduce obesity and metabolic disorders. In this study, we compared the effect of extract-enriched media via exposure of culture medium to CS, HTP aerosol, and ECIG aerosol on the viability and the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes to beige adipocytes. Only CS extract caused a decrease in cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, relative lipid accumulation and expression levels of the adipocyte markers Pgc-1α, Ppar-γ and Resistin were significantly decreased in cells exposed to CS extract. Our results demonstrate that CS extract, in contrast to HTP and ECIG extracts, significantly impairs differentiation of pre-adipocytes to beige adipocytes and may therefore impact significantly adipose tissue metabolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Zagoriti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (Z.Z.); (K.F.)
| | - Mohamed A. El Mubarak
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Farsalinos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (Z.Z.); (K.F.)
| | - Stavros Topouzis
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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29
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Aghaloo T, Kim JJ, Gordon T, Behrsing HP. In Vitro Models, Standards, and Experimental Methods for Tobacco Products. Adv Dent Res 2019; 30:16-21. [PMID: 31538805 DOI: 10.1177/0022034519872474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Traditional tobacco products have well-known systemic and local oral effects, including inflammation, vasoconstriction, delayed wound healing, and increased severity of periodontal disease. Specifically in the oral cavity and the lung, cigarette smoking produces cancer, increased infectivity, acute and chronic inflammation, changes in gene expression in epithelial lining cells, and microbiome changes. In recent years, cigarette smoking has greatly decreased in the United States, but the use of new tobacco products has gained tremendous popularity. Without significant knowledge of the oral sequelae of products such as electronic cigarettes, researchers must evaluate current in vitro and in vivo methods to study these agents, as well as develop new tools to adequately study their effects. Some in vitro testing has been performed for electronic cigarettes, including toxicologic models and assays, but these mostly study the effect on the respiratory tract. Recently, direct exposure of the aerosol to in vitro 3-dimensional tissue constructs has been performed, demonstrating changes in cell viability and inflammatory cytokines. For in vivo studies, a universal e-cigarette testing machine or standard vaping regime is needed. A standard research electronic cigarette has recently been developed by the National Institute of Drug Abuse, and other devices delivering aerosols with different nicotine concentrations are becoming available. One of the biggest challenges in this research is keeping up with the new products and the rapidly changing technologies in the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Aghaloo
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J J Kim
- Volpe Research Center, American Dental Association Foundation, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - T Gordon
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - H P Behrsing
- Institute for In Vitro Sciences, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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30
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Cruz T, López-Giraldo A, Noell G, Guirao A, Casas-Recasens S, Garcia T, Saco A, Sellares J, Agustí A, Faner R. Smoking Impairs the Immunomodulatory Capacity of Lung-Resident Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 61:575-583. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0351oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Cruz
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandra López-Giraldo
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillaume Noell
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - Angela Guirao
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Tamara Garcia
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adela Saco
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacobo Sellares
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - Alvar Agustí
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - Rosa Faner
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; and
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Cigarette Smoke Extract Exposure: Effects on the Interactions between Titanium Surface and Osteoblasts. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8759568. [PMID: 31143776 PMCID: PMC6501272 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8759568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the changes in the characteristics of titanium surface and the osteoblast-titanium interactions under cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure. In this study, CSE was used to simulate the oral liquid environment around the implant under cigarette smoke exposure. Titanium samples were immersed in CSE to explore the changes in the characteristics of titanium surface. The physical properties of titanium surface were measured, including surface micromorphology, surface elemental composition, roughness, and surface hydrophilicity. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on the titanium surface in vitro under different concentrations of CSE exposure, and cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation were observed. The surface micromorphology and elemental composition of titanium surface changed under CSE exposure. No obvious changes were found in the surface roughness and the hydrophilicity of titanium samples. Moreover, the results of in vitro study showed that CSE exposure downregulated the cell spreading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the titanium surface. It could be speculated that some carbon-containing compounds from CSE adsorbed on the titanium surface and the osteoblast-titanium interactions were influenced under CSE exposure. It is hoped that these results could provide valuable information for further studies on smoking-mediated inhibition of implants osseointegration.
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