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Miklosic G, Ferguson SJ, D'Este M. Engineering complex tissue-like microenvironments with biomaterials and biofabrication. Trends Biotechnol 2024:S0167-7799(24)00089-1. [PMID: 38658198 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Advances in tissue engineering for both system modeling and organ regeneration depend on embracing and recapitulating the target tissue's functional and structural complexity. Microenvironmental features such as anisotropy, heterogeneity, and other biochemical and mechanical spatiotemporal cues are essential in regulating tissue development and function. Novel biofabrication strategies and innovative biomaterial design have emerged as promising tools to better reproduce such features. These facilitate a transition towards high-fidelity biomimetic structures, offering opportunities for a deeper understanding of tissue function and the development of superior therapies. In this review, we explore some of the key structural and compositional aspects of tissues, lay out how to achieve similar outcomes with current fabrication strategies, and identify the main challenges and promising avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Miklosic
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland; Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Bhutani U, Dey N, Chowdhury SK, Waghmare N, Mahapatra RD, Selvakumar K, Chandru A, Bhowmick T, Agrawal P. Biopolymeric corneal lenticules by digital light processing based bioprinting: a dynamic substitute for corneal transplant. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:035017. [PMID: 38471165 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad3312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Digital light processing (DLP) technology has gained significant attention for its ability to construct intricate structures for various applications in tissue modeling and regeneration. In this study, we aimed to design corneal lenticules using DLP bioprinting technology, utilizing dual network bioinks to mimic the characteristics of the human cornea. The bioink was prepared using methacrylated hyaluronic acid and methacrylated gelatin, where ruthenium salt and sodium persulfate were included for mediating photo-crosslinking while tartrazine was used as a photoabsorber. The bioprinted lenticules were optically transparent (85.45% ± 0.14%), exhibited adhesive strength (58.67 ± 17.5 kPa), and compressive modulus (535.42 ± 29.05 kPa) sufficient for supporting corneal tissue integration and regeneration. Puncture resistance tests and drag force analysis further confirmed the excellent mechanical performance of the lenticules enabling their application as potential corneal implants. Additionally, the lenticules demonstrated outstanding support for re-epithelialization and stromal regeneration when assessed with human corneal stromal cells. We generated implant ready corneal lenticules while optimizing bioink and bioprinting parameters, providing valuable solution for individuals suffering from various corneal defects and waiting for corneal transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh Bhutani
- Pandorum Technologies Private Limited, Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Helix Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
| | - Namit Dey
- Pandorum Technologies Private Limited, Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Helix Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
| | - Suvro Kanti Chowdhury
- Pandorum Technologies Private Limited, Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Helix Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
| | - Neha Waghmare
- Pandorum Technologies Private Limited, Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Helix Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
| | - Rita Das Mahapatra
- Pandorum Technologies Private Limited, Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Helix Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
| | - Kamalnath Selvakumar
- Pandorum Technologies Private Limited, Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Helix Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
| | - Arun Chandru
- Pandorum Technologies Private Limited, Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Helix Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
| | - Tuhin Bhowmick
- Pandorum Technologies Private Limited, Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Helix Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
- Pandorum International Inc., San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Parinita Agrawal
- Pandorum Technologies Private Limited, Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Helix Biotech Park, Electronic City, Phase 1, Bengaluru 560100, India
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3
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Wang H, Yang J, Tian W, Peng K, Xue Y, Zhao H, Ma X, Shi R, Chen Y. A sodium alginate/carboxymethyl chitosan dual-crosslinked injectable hydrogel scaffold with tunable softness/hardness for bone regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128700. [PMID: 38072347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Recently, injectable dual-crosslinked (DC) hydrogel scaffolds have attracted many attentions as a class of excellent bone regeneration biomaterials with in-situ tunable functions. However, the design of injectable DC hydrogels with cell behavior-compatible network structure and mechanical property remains a bottleneck. Herein, based on the in-situ gelling method, we constructed an injectable CMCS/PEG+SA/CaCl2 (CPSC) chemical/physical DC hydrogel scaffold with tunable softness/hardness mechanical properties and good biocompatibility. The formation mechanism and properties of the CPSC hydrogel scaffold were investigated by FTIR, XRD, rheometry, and mechanical testing. It is found that proper softness/hardness mechanical properties can be obtained by adjusting the secondary network structure of the hydrogel. The CPSC hydrogel scaffold prepared under optimal conditions can effectively promote cell infiltration, nutrient transport, and the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs). The in vivo experiments show that the rBMSCs-loaded injectable CPSC hydrogels with appropriate mechanical properties can effectively promote bone reconstruction. This study has provided important guidance for the construction of injectable DC hydrogels with adjustable softness/hardness to promote osteogenesis for bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jueying Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Kelin Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yun Xue
- Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Haosen Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xilan Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Sports & Medicine Integration Research Center (SMIRC), Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China.
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4
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Neves MI, Magalhães MV, Bidarra SJ, Moroni L, Barrias CC. Versatile click alginate hydrogels with protease-sensitive domains as cell responsive/instructive 3D microenvironments. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 320:121226. [PMID: 37659815 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Alginate (ALG) is a widely used biomaterial to create artificial extracellular matrices (ECM) for tissue engineering. Since it does not degrade in the human body, imparting proteolytic sensitivity to ALG hydrogels leverages their properties as ECM-mimics. Herein, we explored the strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) as a biocompatible and bio-orthogonal click-chemistry to graft cyclooctyne-modified alginate (ALG-K) with bi-azide-functionalized PVGLIG peptides. These are sensitive to matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and may act as crosslinkers. The ALG-K-PVGLIG conjugates (50, 125, and 250 μM PVGLIG) were characterized for peptide incorporation, crosslinking ability (double-end grafting), and enzymatic liability. For producing cell-permissive multifunctional 3D matrices for dermal fibroblast culture, oxidized ALG-K was grafted with PVGLIG and with RGD peptides for cell-adhesion. SPAAC reactions were performed immediately before cell-laden hydrogel formation by secondary ionic-crosslinking, considerably reducing the steps and time of preparation. Hydrogels with intermediate PVGLIG concentration (125 μM) presented slightly higher stiffness while promoting extensive cell spreading and higher degree of cell-cell interconnections, likely favored by cell-driven proteolytic remodeling of the network. The hydrogel-embedded cells were able to produce their own pericellular ECM, expressed MMP-2 and 14, and secreted PVGLIG-degrading enzymes. By recapitulating key ECM-like features, these hydrogels provide biologically relevant 3D matrices for soft tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana I Neves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mariana V Magalhães
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sílvia J Bidarra
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Cristina C Barrias
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
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5
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Garrido CA, Garske DS, Thiele M, Amini S, Real S, Duda GN, Schmidt-Bleek K, Cipitria A. Hydrogels with stiffness-degradation spatial patterns control anisotropic 3D cell response. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 151:213423. [PMID: 37167748 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In nature, tissues are patterned, but most biomaterials used in human applications are not. Patterned biomaterials offer the opportunity to mimic spatially segregating biophysical and biochemical properties found in nature. Engineering such properties allows to study cell-matrix interactions in anisotropic matrices in great detail. Here, we developed alginate-based hydrogels with patterns in stiffness and degradation, composed of distinct areas of soft non-degradable (Soft-NoDeg) and stiff degradable (Stiff-Deg) material properties. The hydrogels exhibit emerging patterns in stiffness and degradability over time, taking advantage of dual crosslinking: Diels-Alder covalent crosslinking (norbornene-tetrazine, non degradable) and UV-mediated peptide crosslinking (matrix metalloprotease sensitive peptide, enzymatically degradable). The materials were mechanically characterized using rheology for single-phase and surface micro-indentation for patterned materials. 3D encapsulated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) allowed to characterize the anisotropic cell-matrix interaction in terms of cell morphology by employing a novel image-based quantification tool. Live/dead staining showed no differences in cell viability but distinct patterns in proliferation, with higher cell number in Stiff-Deg materials at day 14. Patterns of projected cell area became visible already at day 1, with larger values in Soft-NoDeg materials. This was inverted at day 14, when larger projected cell areas were identified in Stiff-Deg. This shift was accompanied by a significant decrease in cell circularity in Stiff-Deg. The control of anisotropic cell morphology by the material patterns was also confirmed by a significant increase in filopodia number and length in Stiff-Deg materials. The novel image-based quantification tool was useful to spatially visualize and quantify the anisotropic cell response in 3D hydrogels with stiffness-degradation spatial patterns. Our results show that patterning of stiffness and degradability allows to control cell anisotropic response in 3D and can be quantified by image-based strategies. This allows a deeper understanding of cell-matrix interactions in a multicomponent material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A Garrido
- Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany; Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela S Garske
- Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany; Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Thiele
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shahrouz Amini
- Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Samik Real
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amaia Cipitria
- Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany; Group of Bioengineering in Regeneration and Cancer, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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6
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Shen KH, Yeh YY, Chiu TH, Wang R, Yeh YC. Dual Dynamic Covalently Crosslinked Alginate Hydrogels with Tunable Properties and Multiple Stimuli-Responsiveness. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4249-4261. [PMID: 36173708 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alginate is a biopolymer that can be crosslinked with calcium ions to fabricate cytocompatible hydrogels. However, using calcium ions to crosslink alginate provides limited properties and functions to alginate hydrogels, restricting their biomedical applications. Here, phenylboronic acid-functionalized polyethyleneimine (PBA-PEI) was developed to introduce two orthogonal dynamic covalent crosslinks in the alginate hydrogels, where PBA-PEI was used to crosslink alginate dialdehyde (ADA) through imine bonds and boronate ester bonds. The grafting degree of PBA in the PEI structure was applied to fine-tune the properties of PBA-PEI/ADA hydrogels, including the rheological property, mechanical strength, swelling behavior, and antibacterial activity. In particular, the highly sensitive boronate ester bonds in the network enabled PBA-PEI/ADA hydrogels to be responsive to several stimuli, such as glucose, fructose, and hydrogen peroxide. Taken together, PBA-PEI/ADA hydrogels with tunable properties and multiple stimuli-responsiveness have been demonstrated as smart biomaterials for advanced biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Han Shen
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yu Yeh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsiang Chiu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Reuben Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheun Yeh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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7
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Dimmitt NH, Arkenberg MR, de Lima Perini MM, Li J, Lin CC. Hydrolytically Degradable PEG-Based Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Click Hydrogels. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4262-4273. [PMID: 36074814 PMCID: PMC9554872 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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Hydrogels cross-linked by inverse electron demand Diels–Alder
(iEDDA) click chemistry are increasingly used in biomedical applications.
With a few exceptions in naturally derived and chemically modified
macromers, iEDDA click hydrogels exhibit long-term hydrolytic stability,
and no synthetic iEDDA click hydrogels can undergo accelerated and
tunable hydrolytic degradation. We have previously reported a novel
method for synthesizing norbornene (NB)-functionalized multiarm poly(ethylene
glycol) (PEG), where carbic anhydride (CA) was used to replace 5-norbornene-2-carboxylic
acid. The new PEGNBCA-based thiol-norbornene hydrogels
exhibited unexpected fast yet highly tunable hydrolytic degradation.
In this contribution, we leveraged the new PEGNBCA macromer
for forming iEDDA click hydrogels with [methyl]tetrazine ([m]Tz)-modified
macromers, leading to the first group of synthetic iEDDA click hydrogels
with highly tunable hydrolytic degradation kinetics. We further exploited
Tz and mTz dual conjugation to achieve tunable hydrolytic degradation
with an in vitro degradation time ranging from 2 weeks to 3 months.
Finally, we demonstrated the excellent in vitro cytocompatibility
and in vivo biocompatibility of the new injectable PEGNBCA-based iEDDA click cross-linked hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan H Dimmitt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering & Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Matthew R Arkenberg
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mariana Moraes de Lima Perini
- Department of Biology, Purdue School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Jiliang Li
- Department of Biology, Purdue School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Chien-Chi Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering & Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
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Zhao Y, Cui J, Qiu X, Yan Y, Zhang Z, Fang K, Yang Y, Zhang X, Huang J. Manufacturing and post-engineering strategies of hydrogel actuators and sensors: From materials to interfaces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 308:102749. [PMID: 36007285 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Living bodies are made of numerous bio-sensors and actuators for perceiving external stimuli and making movement. Hydrogels have been considered as ideal candidates for manufacturing bio-sensors and actuators because of their excellent biocompatibility, similar mechanical and electrical properties to that of living organs. The key point of manufacturing hydrogel sensors/actuators is that the materials should not only possess excellent mechanical and electrical properties but also form effective interfacial connections with various substrates. Traditional hydrogel normally shows high electrical resistance (~ MΩ•cm) with limited mechanical strength (<1 MPa), and it is prone to fatigue fracture during continuous loading-unloading cycles. Just like iron should be toughened and hardened into steel, manufacturing and post-treatment processes are necessary for modifying hydrogels. Besides, advanced design and manufacturing strategies can build effective interfaces between sensors/actuators and other substrates, thus enhancing the desired mechanical and electrical performances. Although various literatures have reviewed the manufacture or modification of hydrogels, the summary regarding the post-treatment strategies and the creation of effective electrical and mechanically sustainable interfaces are still lacking. This paper aims at providing an overview of the following topics: (i) the manufacturing and post-engineering treatment of hydrogel sensors and actuators; (ii) the processes of creating sensor(actuator)-substrate interfaces; (iii) the development and innovation of hydrogel manufacturing and interface creation. In the first section, the manufacturing processes and the principles for post-engineering treatments are discussed, and some typical examples are also presented. In the second section, the studies of interfaces between hydrogels and various substrates are reviewed. Lastly, we summarize the current manufacturing processes of hydrogels, and provide potential perspectives for hydrogel manufacturing and post-treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Jiuyu Cui
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Xiaoyong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Yonggan Yan
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Zekai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Kezhong Fang
- Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., LTD, Linyi 276005, China
| | - Yu Yang
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Chirality Pharmaceutical, Linyi 276005, China
| | - Xiaolai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China.
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Anitua E, Zalduendo M, Troya M, Erezuma I, Lukin I, Hernáez-Moya R, Orive G. Composite alginate-gelatin hydrogels incorporating PRGF enhance human dental pulp cell adhesion, chemotaxis and proliferation. Int J Pharm 2022; 617:121631. [PMID: 35247496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of tissue injuries is fueling the development of autologous biological treatments for regenerative medicine. Here, we investigated the potential of three different bioinks based on the combination of gelatin and alginate (GA), enriched in either hydroxyapatite (GAHA) or hydroxyapatite and PRGF (GAHAP), as a favorable microenvironment for human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Swelling behaviour, in vitro degradation and mechanical properties of the matrices were evaluated. Morphological and elemental analysis of the scaffolds were also performed along with cytocompatibility studies. The in vitro cell response to the different scaffolds was also assessed. Results showed that all scaffolds presented high swelling capacity, and those that contained HA showed higher Young's modulus. GAHAP had the lowest degradation rate and the highest values of cytocompatibility. Cell adhesion and chemotaxis were significantly increased when PRGF was incorporated to the matrices. GAHA and GAHAP compositions promoted the highest proliferative rate as well as significantly stimulated osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, the enrichment with PRGF improves the regenerative properties of the composites favouring the development of personalized constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Mar Zalduendo
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María Troya
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Itsasne Erezuma
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Izeia Lukin
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Raquel Hernáez-Moya
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Gorka Orive
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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10
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Moody CT, Brown AE, Massaro NP, Patel AS, Agarwalla PA, Simpson AM, Brown AC, Zheng H, Pierce JG, Brudno Y. Restoring Carboxylates on Highly Modified Alginates Improves Gelation, Tissue Retention and Systemic Capture. Acta Biomater 2022; 138:208-217. [PMID: 34728426 PMCID: PMC8738153 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Alginate hydrogels are gaining traction for use in drug delivery, regenerative medicine, and as tissue engineered scaffolds due to their physiological gelation conditions, high tissue biocompatibility, and wide chemical versatility. Traditionally, alginate is decorated at the carboxyl group to carry drug payloads, peptides, or proteins. While low degrees of substitution do not cause noticeable mechanical changes, high degrees of substitution can cause significant losses to alginate properties including complete loss of calcium cross-linking. While most modifications used to decorate alginate deplete the carboxyl groups, we propose that alginate modifications that replenish the carboxyl groups could overcome the loss in gel integrity and mechanics. In this report, we demonstrate that restoring carboxyl groups during functionalization maintains calcium cross-links as well as hydrogel shear-thinning and self-healing properties. In addition, we demonstrate that alginate hydrogels modified to a high degree with azide modifications that restore the carboxyl groups have improved tissue retention at intramuscular injection sites and capture blood-circulating cyclooctynes better than alginate hydrogels modified with azide modifications that deplete the carboxyl groups. Taken together, alginate modifications that restore carboxyl groups could significantly improve alginate hydrogel mechanics for clinical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chemical modification of hydrogels provides a powerful tool to regulate cellular adhesion, immune response, and biocompatibility with local tissues. Alginate, due to its biocompatibility and easy chemical modification, is being explored for tissue engineering and drug delivery. Unfortunately, modifying alginate to a high degree of substitution consumes carboxyl group, which are necessary for ionic gelation, leading to poor hydrogel crosslinking. We introduce alginate modifications that restore the alginate's carboxyl groups. We demonstrate that modifications that reintroduce carboxyl groups restore gelation and improve gel mechanics and tissue retention. In addition to contributing to a basic science understanding of hydrogel properties, we anticipate our approach will be useful to create tissue engineered scaffolds and drug delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Moody
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University at Raleigh, NC United States of America; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC United States of America
| | - A E Brown
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University at Raleigh, NC United States of America
| | - N P Massaro
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC United States of America; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC United States of America
| | - A S Patel
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC United States of America
| | - P A Agarwalla
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University at Raleigh, NC United States of America; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC United States of America
| | - A M Simpson
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University at Raleigh, NC United States of America
| | - A C Brown
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University at Raleigh, NC United States of America; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC United States of America
| | - H Zheng
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC United States of America
| | - J G Pierce
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC United States of America; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC United States of America
| | - Y Brudno
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University at Raleigh, NC United States of America; Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC United States of America; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC United States of America; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC United States.
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11
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Hui E, Sumey JL, Caliari SR. Click-functionalized hydrogel design for mechanobiology investigations. MOLECULAR SYSTEMS DESIGN & ENGINEERING 2021; 6:670-707. [PMID: 36338897 PMCID: PMC9631920 DOI: 10.1039/d1me00049g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The advancement of click-functionalized hydrogels in recent years has coincided with rapid growth in the fields of mechanobiology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Click chemistries represent a group of reactions that possess high reactivity and specificity, are cytocompatible, and generally proceed under physiologic conditions. Most notably, the high level of tunability afforded by these reactions enables the design of user-controlled and tissue-mimicking hydrogels in which the influence of important physical and biochemical cues on normal and aberrant cellular behaviors can be independently assessed. Several critical tissue properties, including stiffness, viscoelasticity, and biomolecule presentation, are known to regulate cell mechanobiology in the context of development, wound repair, and disease. However, many questions still remain about how the individual and combined effects of these instructive properties regulate the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing physiologic and pathologic processes. In this review, we discuss several click chemistries that have been adopted to design dynamic and instructive hydrogels for mechanobiology investigations. We also chart a path forward for how click hydrogels can help reveal important insights about complex tissue microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Hui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, 102 Engineer's Way, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Jenna L Sumey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, 102 Engineer's Way, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Steven R Caliari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, 102 Engineer's Way, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
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12
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Deng Y, Shavandi A, Okoro OV, Nie L. Alginate modification via click chemistry for biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 270:118360. [PMID: 34364605 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alginate biopolymers are characterized by favorable properties, of biocompatibility, degradability, and non-toxicity. However, the poor stability properties of alginate have limited its suitability for diverse applications. Recently, click chemistry has generated significant research interest due to its high reaction efficiency, high selectivity for a single product, harmless byproducts, and processing simplicity. Alginate modified using click chemistry enables the production of alginate derivatives with enhanced physical and chemical properties. Herein, we review the employment of click chemistry in the development of alginate-based materials or systems. Various click chemistries were highlighted, including azide and alkyne cycloaddition (e.g. Copper-(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), Strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC)), Diels-Alder reaction (Inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) cycloaddition, Tetrazine-norbornene Diels-Alder reactions), Thiol-ene/yne addition (Free-radical thiol-ene addition click reactions, Thiol-Michael addition click reactions, Thiol-yne addition click reaction), Oxime based click reactions, and other click reactions. Alginate functionalized with click chemistry and its properties were also discussed. The present study shows that click chemistry may be employed in modifying the mechanical strength, biochemical/biological properties of alginate-based materials. Finally, the applications of alginate-based materials in wound dressing, drug delivery, protein delivery, tissue regeneration, and 3D bioprinting were described and the future perspectives of alginates modified with click chemistry, are subsequently presented. This review provides new insights for readers to design structures and expand applications of alginate using click chemistry reactions in a detailed and more rational manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Deng
- College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China
| | - Amin Shavandi
- BioMatter unit - 3BIO - École polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- BioMatter unit - 3BIO - École polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lei Nie
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China.
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13
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Yao X, Wang X, Ding J. Exploration of possible cell chirality using material techniques of surface patterning. Acta Biomater 2021; 126:92-108. [PMID: 33684535 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Consistent left-right (LR) asymmetry or chirality is critical for embryonic development and function maintenance. While chirality on either molecular or organism level has been well established, that on the cellular level has remained an open question for a long time. Although it remains unclear whether chirality exists universally on the cellular level, valuable efforts have recently been made to explore this fundamental topic pertinent to both cell biology and biomaterial science. The development of material fabrication techniques, surface patterning, in particular, has afforded a unique platform to study cell-material interactions. By using patterning techniques, chirality on the cellular level has been examined for cell clusters and single cells in vitro in well-designed experiments. In this review, we first introduce typical fabrication techniques of surface patterning suitable for cell studies and then summarize the main aspects of preliminary evidence of cell chirality on patterned surfaces to date. We finally indicate the limitations of the studies conducted thus far and describe the perspectives of future research in this challenging field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: While both biomacromolecules and organisms can exhibit chirality, it is not yet conclusive whether a cell has left-right (LR) asymmetry. It is important yet challenging to study and reveal the possible existence of cell chirality. By using the technique of surface patterning, the recent decade has witnessed progress in the exploration of possible cell chirality within cell clusters and single cells. Herein, some important preliminary evidence of cell chirality is collected and analyzed. The open questions and perspectives are also described to promote further investigations of cell chirality in biomaterials.
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Ren Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, Du B, Yang J, Liu L, Zhang Q. Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel with Adjustable Stiffness for Mesenchymal Stem Cell 3D Culture via Related Molecular Mechanisms to Maintain Stemness and Induce Cartilage Differentiation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2601-2613. [PMID: 35014377 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The stemness and differentiation characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in three-dimensional (3D) culture are of great significance for stem cell therapy and cartilage tissue engineering repair. Moreover, due to their mechanical sensitivity, scaffold materials play important roles in various cell behaviors in 3D culture. In this study, the mechanical strength of hydrogel scaffolds was adjusted by changing the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid (HA). It was proven that BMSCs in a low-strength hydrogel could maintain stemness properties by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway for 1 week, while the high-molecular-weight hydrogel with a higher mechanical strength had the potential to promote the direction of cartilage differentiation of BMSCs by opening transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4)/Ca2+ molecular channels, also increasing the expression of type II collagen and SOX9 in BMSCs. This research has a certain reference value for the design of biomaterials for BMSCs' delivery in vivo, as well as the formulation of cartilage repair drug delivery programs based on molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Yunping Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Bo Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Lingrong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Qiqing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China.,Fujian Bote Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, P. R. China
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15
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Trujillo S, Seow M, Lueckgen A, Salmeron-Sanchez M, Cipitria A. Dynamic Mechanical Control of Alginate-Fibronectin Hydrogels with Dual Crosslinking: Covalent and Ionic. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13030433. [PMID: 33573020 PMCID: PMC7866402 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate is a polysaccharide used extensively in biomedical applications due to its biocompatibility and suitability for hydrogel fabrication using mild reaction chemistries. Though alginate has commonly been crosslinked using divalent cations, covalent crosslinking chemistries have also been developed. Hydrogels with tuneable mechanical properties are required for many biomedical applications to mimic the stiffness of different tissues. Here, we present a strategy to engineer alginate hydrogels with tuneable mechanical properties by covalent crosslinking of a norbornene-modified alginate using ultraviolet (UV)-initiated thiol-ene chemistry. We also demonstrate that the system can be functionalised with cues such as full-length fibronectin and protease-degradable sequences. Finally, we take advantage of alginate's ability to be crosslinked covalently and ionically to design dual crosslinked constructs enabling dynamic control of mechanical properties, with gels that undergo cycles of stiffening-softening by adding and quenching calcium cations. Overall, we present a versatile hydrogel with tuneable and dynamic mechanical properties, and incorporate cell-interactive features such as cell-mediated protease-induced degradability and full-length proteins, which may find applications in a variety of biomedical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Trujillo
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, 72-76 Oakfield Avenue, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK; (S.T.); (M.S.)
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Melanie Seow
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, 72-76 Oakfield Avenue, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK; (S.T.); (M.S.)
- Julius Wolff Institute & Centre for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Aline Lueckgen
- Julius Wolff Institute & Centre for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, 72-76 Oakfield Avenue, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK; (S.T.); (M.S.)
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.S.-S.); (A.C.)
| | - Amaia Cipitria
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.S.-S.); (A.C.)
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