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Zhan M, Xu Y, Jia L, Yu H, Wang H, Shen M, Shi X. Biomimetic copper-containing nanogels for imaging-guided tumor chemo-chemodynamic-immunotherapy. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00546-4. [PMID: 39322041 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Developing multifunctional nanoplatforms to comprehensively modulate the tumor microenvironment and enhance diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes still remains a great challenge. Here, we report the facile construction of a multivariate nanoplatform based on cancer cell membrane (CM)-encapsulated redox-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL) nanogels (NGs) co-loaded with Cu(II) and chemotherapeutic drug toyocamycin (Toy) for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided combination tumor chemodynamic therapy/chemoimmunotherapy. We show that redox-responsive PVCL NGs formed through precipitation polymerization can be aminated, conjugated with 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid for Cu(II) complexation, physically loaded with Toy, and finally camouflaged with CMs. The created ADCT@CM NGs with an average size of 113.0 nm are stable under physiological conditions and can efficiently release Cu(II) and Toy under tumor microenvironment with a high level of glutathione. Meanwhile, the developed NGs are able to enhance cancer cell oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress by synergizing the effects of chemodynamic therapy mediated by Cu-based Fenton-like reaction and Toy-mediated chemotherapy, thereby triggering significant immunogenic cell death (ICD). In a melanoma mouse model, the NGs show potent immune activation effects to reinforce tumor therapeutic efficacy through ICD induction and immune modulation including high levels of immune cytokine secretion, increased tumor infiltration of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, and reduced tumor infiltration of regulatory T cells. With the CM coating and Cu(II) loading, the developed NG platform demonstrates homologous tumor targeting and T1-weighted MR imaging, hence providing a general biomimetic NG platform for ICD-facilitated tumor theranostic nanoplatform. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Developing multifunctional nanoplatforms to comprehensively modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and enhance theranostic outcomes remains a challenge. Here, a cancer cell membrane (CM)-camouflaged nanoplatform based on aminated poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) nanogels (NGs) co-loaded with Cu(II) and toyocamycin (Toy) was prepared for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided combination tumor chemodynamic therapy/chemoimmunotherapy. The tumor targeting specificity and efficient TME-triggered release of Cu(II) and Toy could enhance tumor cell oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress by synergizing the effects of chemodynamic therapy mediated by Cu-based Fenton-like reaction and Toy-mediated chemotherapy, respectively, thereby leading to significant immunogenic cell death (ICD) and immune response. With the CM coating and Cu(II) loading, the developed NG platform also demonstrates good T1-weighted tumor MR imaging performance. Hence, this study provides a general biomimetic NG platform for ICD-facilitated tumor theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Zhan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Liang Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Mingwu Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Sun Z, Wei S, Guo Q, Ouyang H, Mao Z, Wang W, Tong Z, Ding Y. V9302-loaded copper-polyphenol hydrogel for enhancing the anti-tumor effect of disulfiram. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 678:866-877. [PMID: 39270387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.08.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Disulfiram (DSF) is a safe drug with negligible toxicity and Cu-dependent anti-tumor efficacy. However, the accumulation and combination of DSF and Cu in non-tumor tissues leads to systemic toxicity owing to the formation of highly poisonous diethyldithiocarbamate (CuET). In addition, CuET-mediated tumor-killing reactive oxygen species may be weakened by intra-tumoral glutathione (GSH). Herein, a synergistic treatment was developed that utilized the oral delivery of DSF and an injectable polyphenol-copper (PA-Cu) hydrogel loaded with the glutamine uptake inhibitor 2-amino-4-bis(phenoxymethyl)aminobutane (V9302). The injectable hydrogels were synthesized by the Schiff base reaction of hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCS) with a PA-Cu reversible cross-linking agent. Because of the dynamic coordination between PA and Cu, the PA-Cu/HPCS hydrogel gradually releases Cu2+, forming CuET with DSF. The released V9302 inhibits glutamine uptake, thereby suppressing GSH synthesis and enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of the in situ formed CuET. The synergistic effect of PA-Cu/HPCS/V9302 and DSF in eliminating intracellular GSH and killing tumor cells was validated by in vitro cell experiments. Animal experiments further confirmed that PA-Cu/HPCS/V9302 and DSF have an inhibitory effect on tumor growth while maintaining the biosafety of main organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongquan Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Shenyu Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Quanshi Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Hanxiang Ouyang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
| | - Zongrui Tong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, PR China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
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Zu H, Wu Y, Meng H, Cheng X, Wang Y, Zhang LW, Wang Y. Tumor Metabolism Aiming Cu 2-xS Nanoagents Mediate Photothermal-Derived Cuproptosis and Immune Activation. ACS NANO 2024; 18:23941-23957. [PMID: 39171773 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Cuproptosis is an emerging form of cell death that relies on the targeted delivery of copper ions to lipoylated tricarboxylic acid cycle proteins. However, a major challenge associated with cuproptosis is its potential to kill both normal and tumor cells without discrimination. Therefore, it is crucial to develop strategies for precise intracellular delivery and redox control of copper to create effective cuproptosis-based tumor therapies. We have introduced a class of nanoagents called metabolism aiming Cu2-xS (MACuS) through a glucose-mediated biomineralization approach. MACuS nanoagents can be specifically targeted to tumors via the glucose transport receptor 1, and we found that NIR-II irradiation can not only result in direct hyperthermia ablation of tumor cells but also facilitate efficient cuproptosis and enhance reactive oxygen species-induced cytotoxicity in tumor cells. As a result, the triple effect of MACuS treatment induced immunogenic cell death, which triggered systemic antitumor immune responses and demonstrated potent efficacy in inhibiting growth, metastasis, and recurrence in mouse and rabbit breast cancer models. The precise intracellular delivery and redox control of copper provided by MACuS hold great potential for the development of highly efficient cuproptosis-based tumor therapies with minimal off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanxian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hezhang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaju Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yangyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Leshuai W Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Liu J, Wang X, Li X, Ni C, Liu L, Bányai I, Shi X, Song C. Structural and Property Characterizations of Dual-Responsive Core-Shell Tecto Dendrimers for Tumor Penetration and Gene Delivery Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2400251. [PMID: 38813898 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Core-shell tecto dendrimers (CSTDs) with excellent physicochemical properties and good tumor penetration and gene transfection efficiency have been demonstrated to have the potential to replace high-generation dendrimers in biomedical applications. However, their characterization and related biological properties of CSTDs for enhanced tumor penetration and gene delivery still lack in-depth investigation. Herein, three types of dual-responsive CSTDs are designed for thorough physicochemical characterization and investigation of their tumor penetration and gene delivery efficiency. Three types of CSTDs are prepared through phenylborate ester bonds of phenylboronic acid (PBA)-decorated generation 5 (G5) poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers as cores and monose (galactose, glucose, or mannose)-conjugated G3 PAMAM dendrimers as shells and thoroughly characterized via NMR and other techniques. It is shown that the produced CSTDs display strong correlation signals between the PBA and monose protons, similar hydrodynamic diameters, and dual reactive oxygen species- and pH-responsivenesses. The dual-responsive CSTDs are proven to have structure-dependent tumor penetration property and gene delivery efficiency in terms of small interference RNA for gene silencing and plasmid DNA for gene editing, thus revealing a great potential for different biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - István Bányai
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Cong Song
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
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Zeng Y, Gao Y, He L, Ge W, Wang X, Ma T, Xie X. Smart delivery vehicles for cancer: categories, unique roles and therapeutic strategies. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:4275-4308. [PMID: 39170969 PMCID: PMC11334973 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00285g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and surgery remain the primary treatment modalities for cancers; however, these techniques have drawbacks, such as cancer recurrence and toxic side effects, necessitating more efficient cancer treatment strategies. Recent advancements in research and medical technology have provided novel insights and expanded our understanding of cancer development; consequently, scholars have investigated several delivery vehicles for cancer therapy to improve the efficiency of cancer treatment and patient outcomes. Herein, we summarize several types of smart therapeutic carriers and elaborate on the mechanism underlying drug delivery. We reveal the advantages of smart therapeutic carriers for cancer treatment, focus on their effectiveness in cancer immunotherapy, and discuss the application of smart cancer therapy vehicles in combination with other emerging therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. Finally, we summarize the bottlenecks encountered in the development of smart cancer therapeutic vehicles and suggest directions for future research. This review will promote progress in smart cancer therapy and facilitate related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410011 P. R. China
| | - Yijun Gao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410011 P. R. China
| | - Liming He
- Department of Stomatology, Changsha Stomatological Hospital Changsha 410004 P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Ge
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410011 P. R. China
| | - Xinying Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410011 P. R. China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410011 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Xie
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha 410011 P. R. China
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Zhang X, Li M, Tang YL, Zheng M, Liang XH. Advances in H 2O 2-supplying materials for tumor therapy: synthesis, classification, mechanisms, and applications. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:4083-4102. [PMID: 39010783 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00366g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a reactive oxygen species produced by cellular metabolism can be used in antitumor therapy. However, the concentration of intracellular H2O2 limits its application. Some materials could enhance the concentration of intracellular H2O2 to strengthen antitumor therapy. In this review, the recent advances in H2O2-supplying materials in terms of promoting intracellular H2O2 production and exogenous H2O2 supply are summarized. Then the mechanism of H2O2-supplying materials for tumor therapy is discussed from three aspects: reconstruction of the tumor hypoxia microenvironment, enhancement of oxidative stress, and the intrinsic anti-tumor ability of H2O2-supplying materials. In addition, the application of H2O2-supplying materials for tumor therapy is discussed. Finally, the future of H2O2-supplying materials is presented. This review aims to provide a novel idea for the application of H2O2-supplying materials in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Wu X, Wu Q, Hou M, Jiang Y, Li M, Jia G, Yang H, Zhang C. Regenerating Chemotherapeutics through Copper-Based Nanomedicine: Disrupting Protein Homeostasis for Enhanced Tumor Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401954. [PMID: 39039985 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The bis-(diethyldithiocarbamate)-copper (CuET), the disulfiram (DSF)-Cu complex, has exhibited noteworthy anti-tumor property. However, its efficacy is compromised due to the inadequate oxidative conditions and the limitation of bioavailable copper. Because CuET can inactivate valosin-containing protein (VCP), a bioinformatic pan-cancer analysis of VCP is first conducted in this study to identify CuET as a promising anticancer drug for diverse cancer types. Then, based on the drug action mechanism, a nanocomposite of CuET and copper oxide (CuO) is designed and fabricated utilizing bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the template (denoted as CuET-CuO@BSA, CCB). CCB manifests peroxidase (POD)-mimicking activity to oxidize the tumor endogenous H2O2 to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhancing the chemotherapy effect of CuET. Furthermore, the cupric ions released after enzymatic reaction can regenerate CuET, which markedly perturbs intracellular protein homeostasis and induces apoptosis of tumor cells. Meanwhile, CCB triggers cuproptosis by inducing the aggregation of lipoylated proteins. The multifaceted action of CCB effectively inhibits tumor progression. Therefore, this study presents an innovative CuET therapeutic strategy that creates an oxidative microenvironment in situ and simultaneously self-supply copper source for CuET regeneration through the combination of CuO nanozyme with CuET, which holds promise for application of CuET for effective tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubo Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Qinghe Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Mengfei Hou
- School of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China
| | - Yifei Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Guoping Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Huizhen Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chunfu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
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Huang H, Guo H, Liu J, Ni C, Xia L, Cao X, Xia J, Shi X, Guo R. Dendrimer/metal-phenolic nanocomplexes encapsulating CuO 2 for targeted magnetic resonance imaging and enhanced ferroptosis/cuproptosis/chemodynamic therapy by regulating the tumor microenvironment. Acta Biomater 2024; 183:252-263. [PMID: 38801869 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The combination of ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) would be a potential strategy for tumor diagnosis and enhanced treatment. However, the therapeutic effect was severely limited by the lack of specific delivery of catalytic ions and the low Fenton reaction efficiency in tumor microenvironment (TME) with excess glutathione, limited acidity and insufficient endogenous hydrogen peroxide. In this work, p-carboxybenzenesulfonamide (BS), a carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) inhibitor, was modified on the surface of generation-5 poly(amidoamine) dendrimer to load copper peroxide nanoparticles, which were complexed with iron (Fe)-tannic acid (TF) networks for targeted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and enhanced ferroptosis/cuproptosis/CDT by regulating TME. The formed CuO2@G5-BS/TF nanocomplexes with an average size of 39.4 nm could be specifically accumulated at tumor site and effectively internalized by metastatic 4T1 cells via the specific interaction between BS and CA IX over-expressed on tumor cells. Meanwhile, the inhibition of CA IX activity could not only decrease the intracellular pH to accelerate Fe3+/Cu2+ release, H2O2 self-supply and Fenton reaction, but also suppress tumor metastasis by alleviating the extracellular acidity in TME. Moreover, the reduction of Fe3+/Cu2+ by intracellular glutathione (GSH) could further amplify ROS generation and enhance CDT efficacy, and the GSH depletion could in turn inhibit GPX-4 mediated antioxidant reaction to induce ferroptosis, resulting in effective therapeutic efficacy. In vivo experimental results demonstrated that CuO2@G5-BS/TF could provide better tumor MR imaging, effectively inhibit the growth and metastasis of 4T1 breast tumors, and be metabolized without significant systemic toxicity. Thus, CuO2@G5-BS/TF nanocomplexes provided a new approach for targeted MR imaging and enhanced ferroptosis/cuproptosis/CDT of triple-negative breast cancer. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Taking the advantage of dendrimer and metal-phenolic system, stable CuO2@G5-BS/TF nanocomplexes with an average size of 39.4 nm were synthesized to efficiently load Fe3+ and CuO2 nanoparticles for TNBC treatment and MR imaging. CuO2@G5-BS/TF nanocomplexes could target tumor cells overexpressing CAIX via the specific binding with BS, and the inhibition of CAIX activity could not only decrease the intracellular pH to accelerate Fe3+/Cu2+ release, H2O2 self-supply and Fenton reaction, but also suppress tumor metastasis by alleviating the extracellular acidity. The reduction of Fe3+/Cu2+ by intracellular GSH could further amplify ·OH generation, and the GSH depletion could in turn inhibit GPX-4 mediated antioxidant reaction to induce ferroptosis, resulting in effective therapeutic efficacy by enhanced ferroptosis/cuproptosis/CDT via tumor microenvironment regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Honghua Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Junjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Cheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Li Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Xueyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Jindong Xia
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
| | - Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
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9
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Shao M, Zhang W, Wang F, Wang L, Du H. A Copper Silicate-Based Multifunctional Nanoplatform with Glutathione Depletion and Hypoxia Relief for Synergistic Photodynamic/Chemodynamic Therapy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3495. [PMID: 39063788 PMCID: PMC11278046 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) alone cannot achieve sufficient therapeutic effects due to the excessive glutathione (GSH) and hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Developing a novel strategy to improve efficiency is urgently needed. Herein, we prepared a copper silicate nanoplatform (CSNP) derived from colloidal silica. The Cu(II) in CSNP can be reduced to Cu(I), which cascades to induce a subsequent CDT process. Additionally, benefiting from GSH depletion and oxygen (O2) generation under 660 nm laser irradiation, CSNP exhibits both Fenton-like and hypoxia-alleviating activities, contributing to the effective generation of superoxide anion radical (•O2-) and hydroxyl radical (•OH) in the TME. Furthermore, given the suitable band-gap characteristic and excellent photochemical properties, CSNP can also serve as an efficient type-I photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The synergistic CDT/PDT activity of CSNP presents an efficient antitumor effect and biosecurity in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The development of an all-in-one nanoplatform that integrates Fenton-like and photosensing properties could improve ROS production within tumors. This study highlights the potential of silicate nanomaterials in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Shao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Photoelectrocatalytic Materials & Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China;
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shenzhen 518057, China;
| | - Wei Zhang
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China;
| | - Fu Wang
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shenzhen 518057, China;
| | - Lan Wang
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China;
| | - Hong Du
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Photoelectrocatalytic Materials & Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China;
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10
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Xia L, Ni C, Sun H, Guo H, Huang H, Cao X, Xia J, Shi X, Guo R. Dual drug-loaded metal-phenolic networks for targeted magnetic resonance imaging and synergistic chemo-chemodynamic therapy of breast cancer. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:6480-6491. [PMID: 38867551 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00462k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The development of nanomedicines with simplified compositions and synergistic theranostic functionalities remains a great challenge. Herein, we develop a simple method to integrate both atovaquone (ATO, a mitochondrial inhibitor) and cisplatin within tannic acid (TA)-iron (Fe) networks coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) for targeted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided chemo-chemodynamic synergistic therapy. The formed TFP@ATO-HA displayed good colloidal stability with a mean size of 95.5 nm, which could accumulate at tumor sites after circulation and be specifically taken up by metastatic 4T1 cells overexpressing CD44 receptors. In the tumor microenvironment, TFP@ATO-HA could release ATO/cisplatin and Fe3+ in a pH-responsive manner, deplete glutathione, and generate reactive oxygen species with endogenous H2O2 for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Additionally, ATO could enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration, relieving hypoxia, and amplifying the CDT effect by decreasing intracellular pH and elevating Fenton reaction efficiency. In vivo experiments demonstrated that TFP@ATO-HA could effectively inhibit tumor growth and suppress lung metastases without obvious systemic toxicity. Furthermore, TFP@ATO-HA exhibited a r1 relaxivity of 2.6 mM-1 s-1 and targeted MR imaging of 4T1 tumors. Dual drug-loaded metal-phenolic networks can be easily prepared and act as effective theranostic nanoplatforms for targeted MR imaging and synergistic chemo-chemodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Huxiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Honghua Guo
- Department of Radiology, Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xueyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Jindong Xia
- Department of Radiology, Songjiang Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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11
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Lu J, Miao Y, Li Y. Cuproptosis: Advances in Stimulus-Responsive Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400652. [PMID: 38622782 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Cuproptosis, a recently identified non-apoptotic programmed cell death modality, attracts considerable attention in the realm of cancer therapeutics owing to its unique cellular demise mechanisms. Since its initial report in 2022, strategies inducing or amplifying cuproptosis for cancer treatment emerge. The engineering of nano-systems to elicit cuproptosis effectively circumvents constraints associated with conventional small-molecule pharmaceutical interventions, presenting novel prospects for oncological therapy. Stimulus-responsive nanomaterials, leveraging their distinctive spatiotemporal control attributes, are investigated for their role in modulating the induction or augmentation of cuproptosis. In this comprehensive review, the physiological characteristics of cuproptosis, encompassing facets such as copper overload and depletion, coupled with regulatory factors intrinsic to cuproptosis, are expounded upon. Subsequently, design methodologies for stimulus-responsive induction or enhancement of cuproptosis, employing stimuli such as light, ultrasound, X-ray, and the tumor microenvironment, are systematically delineated. This review encompasses intricacies in nanomaterial design, insights into the therapeutic processes, and the associated advantages. Finally, challenges inherent in stimulus-responsive induction/enhancement of cuproptosis are deliberated upon and prospective insights into the future trajectory of copper-mediated cancer therapy are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Lu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth Science, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth Science, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth Science, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
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12
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Shen Z, Qiu Y, Ding H, Ren F, Chen H. Cuproptosis and Cuproptosis-Based Synergistic Therapy for Cancer Treatment. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400216. [PMID: 38943463 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Copper, as an essential trace nutrient for human, plays a crucial role in numerous cellular activities, and is vital for maintaining homeostasis in organisms. Deviations from normal intracellular copper concentration range can disrupt the cellular homeostasis and lead to cell death. Cell death is the process in which cells lose their vitality and cannot sustain normal metabolism, which has various forms. The recently discovered cuproptosis mechanism differs from the previously recognized forms, which is triggered by intracellular copper accumulation. The discovery of cuproptosis has sparked interest among researchers, and this mechanism has been applied in the treatment of various intractable diseases, including different types of cancer. However, the developed cuproptosis-based therapies have revealed certain limitations, such as low immunostimulatory efficiency, poor tumor targeting, and inhibition by the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, researchers are devoted to combining cuproptosis with existing cancer therapies to develop more effective synergistic cancer therapies. This review summarizes the latest research advancements in the cuproptosis-based therapies for various types of cancer, with a focus on the synergistic cancer therapies. Finally, it provides an outlook on the future development of cuproptosis in anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Haizhen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Fangfang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hongmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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13
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Li L, Zhou H, Zhang C. Cuproptosis in cancer: biological implications and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:91. [PMID: 38918694 PMCID: PMC11201306 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis, a newly identified copper (Cu)-dependent form of cell death, stands out due to its distinct mechanism that sets it apart from other known cell death pathways. The molecular underpinnings of cuproptosis involve the binding of Cu to lipoylated enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This interaction triggers enzyme aggregation and proteotoxic stress, culminating in cell death. The specific mechanism of cuproptosis has yet to be fully elucidated. This newly recognized form of cell death has sparked numerous investigations into its role in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on Cu metabolism and its link to cancer. Furthermore, we delineated the molecular mechanisms of cuproptosis and summarized the roles of cuproptosis-related genes in cancer. Finally, we offered a comprehensive discussion of the most recent advancements in Cu ionophores and nanoparticle delivery systems that utilize cuproptosis as a cutting-edge strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Houfeng Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenliang Zhang
- Division of Abdominal Cancer, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Li A, Huang K, Pan W, Wu Y, Liang Y, Zhang Z, Wu D, Ma L, Gou Y. Thiosemicarbazone Mixed-Valence Cu(I/II) Complex against Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells through Multiple Pathways Involving Cuproptosis. J Med Chem 2024; 67:9091-9103. [PMID: 38778566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Induction of cuproptosis and targeting of multiple signaling pathways show promising applications in tumor therapy. In this study, we synthesized two thiosemicarbazone-copper complexes ([CuII(L)Cl] 1 and [CuII2CuI(L)2Cl3] 2, where HL is the (E)-N-methyl-2-(phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylene ligand), to assess their antilung cancer activities. Both copper complexes showed better anticancer activity than cisplatin and exhibited hemolysis comparable to that of cisplatin. In vivo experiments showed that complex 2 retarded the A549 cell growth in a mouse xenograft model with low systemic toxicity. Primarily, complex 2 kills lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by triggering multiple pathways, including cuproptosis. Complex 2 is the first mixed-valent Cu(I/II) complex to induce cellular events consistent with cuproptosis in cancer cells, which may stimulate the development of mixed-valent copper complexes and provide effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Li
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Respiratory Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
- Department of Scientific Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Pan
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Youru Wu
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Liang
- Department of Scientific Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - ZhenLei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Daqi Wu
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Libing Ma
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Respiratory Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
| | - Yi Gou
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Respiratory Diseases, Guangxi Health Commission, Guilin 541001, P. R. China
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15
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Song Y, Tan KB, Zhou SF, Zhan G. Biocompatible Copper-Based Nanocomposites for Combined Cancer Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3673-3692. [PMID: 38717176 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) and Cu-based nanomaterials have received tremendous attention in recent years because of their unique physicochemical properties and good biocompatibility in the treatment of various diseases, especially cancer. To date, researchers have designed and fabricated a variety of integrated Cu-based nanocomplexes with distinctive nanostructures and applied them in cancer therapy, mainly including chemotherapy, radiotherapy (RT), photothermal therapy (PTT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), cuproptosis-mediated therapy, etc. Due to the limited effect of a single treatment method, the development of composite diagnostic nanosystems that integrate chemotherapy, PTT, CDT, PDT, and other treatments is of great significance and offers great potential for the development of the next generation of anticancer nanomedicines. In view of the rapid development of Cu-based nanocomplexes in the field of cancer therapy, this review focuses on the current state of research on Cu-based nanomaterials, followed by a discussion of Cu-based nanocomplexes for combined cancer therapy. Moreover, the current challenges and future prospects of Cu-based nanocomplexes in clinical translation are proposed to provide some insights into the design of integrated Cu-based nanotherapeutic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Song
- College of Chemical Engineering, Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, 361021 Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Kok Bing Tan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, 361021 Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, 361021 Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Guowu Zhan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, 361021 Fujian, P. R. China
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16
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Su Y, Liu B, Wang B, Chan L, Xiong C, Lu L, Zhang X, Zhan M, He W. Progress and Challenges in Tumor Ferroptosis Treatment Strategies: A Comprehensive Review of Metal Complexes and Nanomedicine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310342. [PMID: 38221682 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death featuring iron-dependent lipid peroxides accumulation to kill tumor cells. A growing body of evidence has shown the potential of ferroptosis-based cancer therapy in eradicating refractory malignancies that are resistant to apoptosis-based conventional therapies. In recent years, studies have reported a number of ferroptosis inducers that can increase the vulnerability of tumor cells to ferroptosis by regulating ferroptosis-related signaling pathways. Encouraged by the rapid development of ferroptosis-driven cancer therapies, interdisciplinary fields that combine ferroptosis, pharmaceutical chemistry, and nanotechnology are focused. First, the prerequisites and metabolic pathways for ferroptosis are briefly introduced. Then, in detail emerging ferroptosis inducers designed to boost ferroptosis-induced tumor therapy, including metal complexes, metal-based nanoparticles, and metal-free nanoparticles are summarized. Subsequently, the application of synergistic strategies that combine ferroptosis with apoptosis and other regulated cell death for cancer therapy, with emphasis on the use of both cuproptosis and ferroptosis to induce redox dysregulation in tumor and intracellular bimetallic copper/iron metabolism disorders during tumor treatment is discussed. Finally, challenges associated with clinical translation and potential future directions for potentiating cancer ferroptosis therapies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, P. R. China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, P. R. China
| | - Binghan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, P. R. China
| | - Leung Chan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, P. R. China
| | - Chan Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, P. R. China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, P. R. China
| | - Xuanjun Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
- MOE Frontiers Science Centre for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, P. R. China
| | - Weiling He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, P. R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361000, China
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17
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Liu N, Chen M. Crosstalk between ferroptosis and cuproptosis: From mechanism to potential clinical application. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116115. [PMID: 38181713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis and cuproptosis, regulated forms of cell death resulting from metal ion accumulation, are closely related in terms of occurrence, cell metabolism, signaling pathways, and drug resistance. Notably, it is now understood that these processes play crucial roles in regulating physiological and pathological processes, especially in tumor development. Consequently, ferroptosis and cuproptosis have gained increasing significance as potential targets for anti-cancer drug development. This article systematically outlines the molecular mechanisms and cross-talk components of both ferroptosis and cuproptosis, elucidating their impacts on cancer. Furthermore, it investigates the clinical perspective of targeted ferroptosis and cuproptosis in cancer chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy. Our discussion extends to a comparative analysis of nanoparticles developed based on the mechanisms of ferroptosis and cuproptosis in cancer, contrasting them with current conventional therapies. Opportunities and challenges in cancer treatment are explored, emphasizing the potential therapeutic direction of co-targeting ferroptosis and cuproptosis. The article also attempts to analyze the clinical applications of this co-targeting approach for cancer treatment while summarizing the existing barriers that require overcoming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Minbin Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China.
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18
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Liu WQ, Lin WR, Yan L, Xu WH, Yang J. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in cancer immunity and therapy. Immunol Rev 2024; 321:211-227. [PMID: 37715546 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential nutrient for maintaining enzyme activity and transcription factor function. Excess copper results in the aggregation of lipoylated dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT), which correlates to the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, resulting in proteotoxic stress and eliciting a novel cell death modality: cuproptosis. Cuproptosis exerts an indispensable role in cancer progression, which is considered a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Cancer immunotherapy has gained extensive attention owing to breakthroughs in immune checkpoint blockade; furthermore, cuproptosis is strongly connected to the modulation of antitumor immunity. Thus, a thorough recognition concerning the mechanisms involved in the modulation of copper metabolism and cuproptosis may facilitate improvement in cancer management. This review outlines the cellular and molecular mechanisms and characteristics of cuproptosis and the links of the novel regulated cell death modality with human cancers. We also review the current knowledge on the complex effects of cuproptosis on antitumor immunity and immune response. Furthermore, potential agents that elicit cuproptosis pathways are summarized. Lastly, we discuss the influence of cuproptosis induction on the tumor microenvironment as well as the challenges of adding cuproptosis regulators to therapeutic strategies beyond traditional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qing Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wan-Rong Lin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wen-Hao Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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19
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Pérez-Ferreiro M, M. Abelairas A, Criado A, Gómez IJ, Mosquera J. Dendrimers: Exploring Their Wide Structural Variety and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4369. [PMID: 38006093 PMCID: PMC10674315 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers constitute a distinctive category of synthetic materials that bear resemblance to proteins in various aspects, such as discrete structural organization, globular morphology, and nanoscale dimensions. Remarkably, these attributes coexist with the capacity for facile large-scale production. Due to these advantages, the realm of dendrimers has undergone substantial advancement since their inception in the 1980s. Numerous reviews have been dedicated to elucidating this subject comprehensively, delving into the properties and applications of quintessential dendrimer varieties like PAMAM, PPI, and others. Nevertheless, the contemporary landscape of dendrimers transcends these early paradigms, witnessing the emergence of a diverse array of novel dendritic architectures in recent years. In this review, we aim to present a comprehensive panorama of the expansive domain of dendrimers. As such, our focus lies in discussing the key attributes and applications of the predominant types of dendrimers existing today. We will commence with the conventional variants and progressively delve into the more pioneering ones, including Janus, supramolecular, shape-persistent, and rotaxane dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - I. Jénnifer Gómez
- CICA—Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Universidade da Coruña, Rúa as Carballeiras, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jesús Mosquera
- CICA—Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Universidade da Coruña, Rúa as Carballeiras, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
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20
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Liu X, Luo B, Wu X, Tang Z. Cuproptosis and cuproptosis-related genes: Emerging potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189013. [PMID: 37918452 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women worldwide, and thus, it is important to enhance its treatment efficacy [1]. Copper has emerged as a critical trace element that affects various intracellular signaling pathways, gene expression, and biological metabolic processes [2], thereby playing a crucial role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Recent studies have identified cuproptosis, a newly discovered type of cell death, as an emerging therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment, thereby offering new hope for breast cancer patients. Tsvetkov's research has elucidated the mechanism of cuproptosis and uncovered the critical genes involved in its regulation [3]. Manipulating the expression of these genes could potentially serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer treatment. Additionally, using copper ionophores and copper complexes combined with nanomaterials to induce cuproptosis may provide a potential approach to eliminating drug-resistant breast cancer cells, thus improving the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy and eventually eradicating breast tumors. This review aims to highlight the practical significance of cuproptosis-related genes and the induction of cuproptosis in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. We examine the potential of cuproptosis as a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer, and we explore the present challenges and limitations of this approach. Our objective is to provide innovative ideas and references for the development of breast cancer treatment strategies based on cuproptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, Hubei Cancer Hospital, The Seventh Clinical School Affiliated of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Bo Luo
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, Hubei Cancer Hospital, The Seventh Clinical School Affiliated of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Xinhong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zijian Tang
- College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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21
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Wang W, Mo W, Hang Z, Huang Y, Yi H, Sun Z, Lei A. Cuproptosis: Harnessing Transition Metal for Cancer Therapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19581-19599. [PMID: 37820312 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal elements, such as copper, play diverse and pivotal roles in oncology. They act as constituents of metalloenzymes involved in cellular metabolism, function as signaling molecules to regulate the proliferation and metastasis of tumors, and are integral components of metal-based anticancer drugs. Notably, recent research reveals that excessive copper can also modulate the occurrence of programmed cell death (PCD), known as cuprotosis, in cancer cells. This modulation occurs through the disruption of tumor cell metabolism and the induction of proteotoxic stress. This discovery uncovers a mode of interaction between transition metals and proteins, emphasizing the intricate link between copper homeostasis and tumor metabolism. Moreover, they provide innovative therapeutic strategies for the precise diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. At the crossroads of chemistry and oncology, we undertake a comprehensive review of copper homeostasis in tumors, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underpinning cuproptosis. Additionally, we summarize current nanotherapeutic approaches that target cuproptosis and provide an overview of the available laboratory and clinical methods for monitoring this process. In the context of emerging concepts, challenges, and opportunities, we emphasize the significant potential of nanotechnology in the advancement of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zishan Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yueying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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22
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Wang F, Lan Y, Zuo Y. Polysiloxane-Based Molecular Logic Gate for Dual-Channel Visualizing Mitochondrial pH and Sulphite Changes during Cuproptosis. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14484-14493. [PMID: 37713336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular Cu-induced regulated cell death, characterized by the aggregation of lipidizing mitochondrial enzymes, is called cuproptosis. Mitochondria play a vital role in the metabolic regulation of cell injury and stressful immune responses. The pH levels and sulfur dioxide (SO2) content in mitochondria have important indicative roles in the regulation of cuproptosis. However, fluorescent probes that simultaneously detect changes in pH and SO2 in mitochondria during cuprotosis have not been reported. To fill this blank, in this study, we dexterously used functional polysiloxane as a fluorescent platform to propose a molecular logic gate probe P0-pH-SO2 for detecting changes in intramitochondrial pH and SO2 content through a dual-channel mode. In addition, we defined a new function to reflect the cellular state of the elesclomol-induced cuproptosis process based on the input and output of the relevant logic relationship. This new fluorescent molecular logic gate probe P0-pH-SO2 can be rapidly activated by mitochondrial sulfites to induce green fluorescence, while the red fluorescence is quenched with the proton in the mitochondria. Overall, this study developed a novel logic-gated molecular probe that provided a versatile strategy for monitoring the role played by intramitochondrial sulfites and H+ in cuproptosis. This work will open the way to broaden the applications of molecular logic gates and fluorescent polysiloxanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Ying Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
| | - Yujing Zuo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P.R. China
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