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Rovani BT, Rissi VB, Rovani MT, Gasperin BG, Baumhardt T, Bordignon V, Bauermann LDF, Missio D, Gonçalves PBD. Analysis of nuclear maturation, DNA damage and repair gene expression of bovine oocyte and cumulus cells submitted to ionizing radiation. Anim Reprod 2023; 20:e20230021. [PMID: 37293252 PMCID: PMC10247184 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy causes destruction of tumor cells, but also threatens the integrity and survival of surrounding normal cells. Then, woman submitted to irradiation for cancer treatment may present permanent ovary damage, resulting in impaired fertility. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of therapeutic doses of ionizing radiation (IR), used for ovarian cancer treatment in humans, on bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) as experimental model. Bovine ovaries were exposed to 0.9 Gy, 1.8 Gy, 3.6 Gy or 18.6 Gy IR, and then COCs were collected and used to evaluate: (a) oocyte nuclear maturation; (b) presence of phosphorylated H2A.X (γH2AX), as an indicator of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs); and (c) expression of genes involved in DNA repair (TP53BP1, RAD52, ATM, XRCC6 and XRCC5) and apoptosis (BAX). The radiation doses tested in this study had no detrimental effects on nuclear maturation and did not increase γH2AX in the oocytes. However, IR treatment altered the mRNA abundance of RAD52 (RAD52 homolog, DNA repair protein) and BAX (BCL2-associated X protein). We conclude that although IR doses had no apparent effect on oocyte nuclear maturation and DNA damage, molecular pathways involved in DNA repair and apoptosis were affected by IR exposure in cumulus cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Tomazele Rovani
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Reprodução Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Vitor Braga Rissi
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Reprodução Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Monique Tomazele Rovani
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Reprodução Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Tadeu Baumhardt
- Serviço de Radioterapia, Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Vilceu Bordignon
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | - Daniele Missio
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Reprodução Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Paulo Bayard Dias Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Reprodução Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
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2
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Alyasari NKH, Selman WH. L-carnitine-loaded nanoparticle ameliorates cypermethrin-induced reproductive toxicity in adult male rats. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2023; 14:147-154. [PMID: 37255872 PMCID: PMC10226707 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_46_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this investigation was to find out whether L-carnitine-loaded nanoparticle (LCn) could reduce the reproductive toxicity of cypermethrin (CYP), the widely used insecticide in veterinary medicine in male rats. Twenty male Wistar rats that weighed between 210 and 240 g were split into four groups and treated daily for 2 months. The control group was given 0.9% normal saline solution daily. The second group received CYP (3.83 mg/kg b. w. p. o.) daily. The third group was administered with LCn and CYP (50 mg/kg b. wt. p. o. and 3.83 mg/kg b. wt. p. o., respectively) daily, whereas the fourth group received LCn alone (50 mg/kg b. wt. p. o.) daily. On day 60, all rats were sacrificed and samples were collected. CYP-treated animals exhibited inhibition of testicular anti-oxidative stress mechanisms, testicular steroidogenesis enzyme activity (3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase [3β-HSD] and 17β-HSD), and downregulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) gene expression. In addition, it decreased testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and LH levels and had detrimental consequences for sperm quality. LCn attenuated CYP-induced reproductive toxicity via the alleviation of testicular oxidative stress status, improvement of steroidogenic enzyme activity, and upregulation of StAR gene expression, which are probably responsible for the concomitant improvement in testicular hormonal levels and improvement in sperm properties. Intriguingly, LCn treatment alone could enhance the functions of the male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Kadhim Hadi Alyasari
- Department of Soil Science and Water Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Wisam Hussein Selman
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
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3
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Zhao JV, Burgess S, Fan B, Schooling CM. L-carnitine, a friend or foe for cardiovascular disease? A Mendelian randomization study. BMC Med 2022; 20:272. [PMID: 36045366 PMCID: PMC9434903 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND L-carnitine is emerging as an item of interest for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and treatment, but controversy exists. To examine the effectiveness and safety of L-carnitine, we assessed how genetically different levels of L-carnitine are associated with CVD risk and its risk factors. Given higher CVD incidence and L-carnitine in men, we also examined sex-specific associations. METHODS We used Mendelian randomization to obtain unconfounded estimates. Specifically, we used genetic variants to predict L-carnitine, and obtained their associations with coronary artery disease (CAD), ischemic stroke, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation, as well as CVD risk factors (type 2 diabetes, glucose, HbA1c, insulin, lipid profile, blood pressure and body mass index) in large consortia and established cohorts, as well as sex-specific association in the UK Biobank. We obtained the Wald estimates (genetic association with CVD and its risk factors divided by the genetic association with L-carnitine) and combined them using inverse variance weighting. In sensitivity analysis, we used different analysis methods robust to pleiotropy and replicated using an L-carnitine isoform, acetyl-carnitine. RESULTS Genetically predicted L-carnitine was nominally associated with higher risk of CAD overall (OR 1.07 per standard deviation (SD) increase in L-carnitine, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.11) and in men (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.16) but had a null association in women (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.09). These associations were also robust to different methods and evident for acetyl-carnitine. CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not support a beneficial association of L-carnitine with CVD and its risk factors but suggest potential harm. L-carnitine may also exert a sex-specific role in CAD. Consideration of the possible sex disparity and exploration of the underlying pathways would be worthwhile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie V Zhao
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F, Patrick Manson Building, 7 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Stephen Burgess
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bohan Fan
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F, Patrick Manson Building, 7 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C Mary Schooling
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F, Patrick Manson Building, 7 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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4
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Saliev T, Fakhradiyev I, Tanabayeva S, Assanova Y, Toishybek D, Kazybayeva A, Tanabayev B, Sikhymbaev M, Alimbayeva A, Toishibekov Y. "Radio-Protective Effect of Aminocaproic Acid in Human Spermatozoa". Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 98:1462-1472. [PMID: 35021023 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2027540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The negative effects of ionizing radiation on organs and the reproductive system are well known and documented. Exposure to gamma radiation can lead to oligospermia, azoospermia and DNA damage. Up to date, there is no effective pharmaceutical compound for protecting the male reproductive system and sperm. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at investigating the ability of Ɛ-aminocaproic acid (EACA) to prevent the damage of human spermatozoa and DNA induced by ionizing radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sperm samples were obtained from healthy volunteers (35 men; 31.50 ± 7.34 years old). There were 4 experimental groups: 1) control group (CG), 2) group exposed to maximal radiation dose 67.88 mGy (RMAX), 3) low-dose radiation (minimal) 22.62 mGy (RMIN), and 4) group treated with radiation (67.88 mGy) and EACA (dose 50 ng/ml). Sperm motility, viability, and DNA damage were assessed. RESULTS We observed a significant decrease in total sperm motility of the RMAX group compared to CG (p < 0.05). Sperm viability in the RMAX group was also reduced in comparison to the control (p < 0.05). A significant increase in DNA fragmentation was detected in the RMAX group. The results demonstrated that the treatment of sperm with EACA led to a decrease in the fragmentation of the sperm DNA (compared to the RMAX group) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results indicate that EACA effectively protects human spermatozoa from DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation. Treatment of spermatozoa with EACA led to the preservation of cell motility, viability, and DNA integrity upon radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur Saliev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ildar Fakhradiyev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Shynar Tanabayeva
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Yelena Assanova
- F.M. Muhamedgaliev Institute of Experimental Biology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Dinmukhamed Toishybek
- F.M. Muhamedgaliev Institute of Experimental Biology, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Embryo Technology Labs, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Kazybayeva
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Clinic of Reproduction and Anti Age, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Marat Sikhymbaev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Yerzhan Toishibekov
- F.M. Muhamedgaliev Institute of Experimental Biology, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Embryo Technology Labs, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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5
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Dong P, Xia L, Hu L, Yang K, Wang H, Ye P. Runjing Decoction alleviated cyclophosphamide-induced oligoasthenospermia rats by inhibiting cell apoptosis via RXFP1/AKT/FOXO1 pathway. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14216. [PMID: 34396564 DOI: 10.1111/and.14216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Runjing Decoction (RJD) is a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of oligoasthenospermia. However, the molecular mechanism of RJD on oligoasthenospermia still remains unknown. A model of oligoasthenospermia was induced in 30 Sprague Dawley rats by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide at 35 mg/kg per day for 5 days and treated by intragastric RJD (13.5 g/kg) or L-carnitine (100 mg/kg) for 14 days. The body weight, testis and epididymis weight, grade A spermatozoa, grade B spermatozoa, the percentage of sperm forward motility (PR%), the sperm activity rate and the sperm density of rats were evaluated before and after RJD treatment. The testis apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining. The expressions of RXFP1, FoxO1, PI3K, Akt, Bax and Bcl-2 were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. After RJD treatment, the grade A spermatozoa, sperm PR%, sperm activity and sperm density were significantly increased relative to those in model rats. Cell apoptosis of testis tissue was reversed by RJD. RJD suppressed cell apoptosis, inhibited the expression of RXFP1, FOXO1, PI3K, AKT and Bax, and promoted the expression levels of Bcl-2 in testicular tissue of oligoasthenospermia rats. RJD could alleviate sperm quality and testis damage in oligoasthenospermia rats by inhibiting RXFP1/AKT/FOXO1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Dong
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Cixi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cixi, China
| | - Lanyawen Hu
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yang
- First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Ye
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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6
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The protective role of l-carnitine on spermatogenesis after cisplatin treatment during prepubertal period in rats: A pathophysiological study. Life Sci 2020; 258:118242. [PMID: 32784056 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS As the spermatogenesis process is targeted by cisplatin (Cis) that changes testicular morphology, alters sperm quality, and hence causes male infertility. This study investigated the possible therapeutic effects of l-carnitine (LC) on Cis impaired spermatogenesis's establishment during the prepubertal phase. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-six prepubertal Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into four groups. CONTROL GROUP rats were injected with 0.9% saline solution intraperitoneally (i.p.). LC group: animals were injected for eight weeks, with 250 mg/kg/wk. LC (i.p.). Cis group: animals were injected with a single dose of 5 mg/kg Cis (i.p.). LC + Cis group: animals were pre-injected with LC 250 mg/kg 2 h before Cis injection. The rats were sacrificed at 37, 60, and 90 days old, and their testes were taken for biochemical, molecular, and histopathological studies. The motility, viability, morphology, and DNA fragmentation of sperm in adult rats were also measured. KEY FINDINGS Group treated with LC and Cis showed an increase in antioxidant and hormonal activity compared to the Cis treated group in the pre and post-pubertal period. Moreover, there was an increase in sperm survival, motility, and DNA integrity. Furthermore, LC showed an increase in the anti-apoptotic and chromatin remodeling genes and a decrease in the pro-inflammatory genes. SIGNIFICANCE LC could enhance the spermatogenesis process after exposure to Cis during the prepubertal phase by restoring the balance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant activity, improving hormonal activity, sperm quality and DNA integrity, promoting protamination and blood-testis barrier integrity, and maintaining the testicular architecture.
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7
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Soliman MM, Elshazly SA, Aldhahrani A. Gamma-irradiation-induced testicular oxidative stress and apoptosis: Mitigation by l-carnitine. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22565. [PMID: 32645248 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the potential ameliorative and protective impacts of l-carnitine (L-CAR) against γ-irradiation (RAD)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice testes. Male Swiss mice were allocated into four groups (n = 7). Group 1 served as a control that received saline intraperitoneally (IP). Group 2 received L-CAR (10 mg/kg bw/day; IP in saline) for 17 days. Group 3 received saline for 17 days and on day 7 exposed to RAD at a dose of 0.1 Gy per day for consecutive 10 days. Group 4 (L-CAR + RAD), received L-CAR same as in group 2 and on day 7 exposed to RAD for consecutive 10 days. Testicular antioxidants (malondialdehyde, MDA; γ-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase, gGCS; and catalase) were altered by γ-irradiation. Preadministration of L-CAR protected γ-irradiated mice from altered changes induced by γ-irradiation. γ-Irradiation affected the mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic, apoptotic, and anti-apoptotic genes (c-jun, c-fos, Bcl-xl, caspase-3, and BAX). All altered genes were ameliorated by prior l-carnitine administration to γ-irradiated mice. Testicular cells showed deformities and edema with congestion in seminiferous tubules and strong immunoreactivity for caspase-9 and a decrease in immunoreactivity of Bcl-2 in histological and immunohistochemical examination. Prior administration of L-CAR to γ-irradiated mice protected this group from reported changes in caspase-9 and Bcl-2 immunostaining. In conclusion, the current study provides evidence for the protective and ameliorative impacts of L-CAR against γ-irradiation-induced testicular oxidative stress and apoptosis at biochemical, molecular, and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, Turabah, Saudi Arabia.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Samir A Elshazly
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Adil Aldhahrani
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, Turabah, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Nazhand A, Souto SB, Silva AM, Severino P, Souto EB, Santini A. The Nutraceutical Value of Carnitine and Its Use in Dietary Supplements. Molecules 2020; 25:E2127. [PMID: 32370025 PMCID: PMC7249051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carnitine can be considered a conditionally essential nutrient for its importance in human physiology. This paper provides an updated picture of the main features of carnitine outlining its interest and possible use. Particular attention has been addressed to its beneficial properties, exploiting carnitine's properties and possible use by considering the main in vitro, in animal, and human studies. Moreover, the main aspects of carnitine-based dietary supplements have been indicated and defined with reference to their possible beneficial health properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Durazzo
- CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimo Lucarini
- CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy;
| | - Amirhossein Nazhand
- Department of Biotechnology, Sari Agriculture Science and Natural Resource University, 9th km of Farah Abad Road, Sari 48181 68984, Mazandaran, Iran;
| | - Selma B. Souto
- Department of Endocrinology of Hospital São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Industrial Biotechnology Program, University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Brazil;
- Tiradentes Institute, 150 Mt Vernon St, Dorchester, MA 02125, USA
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMED), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via. D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Sayed S, Ahmed M, El-Shehawi A, Alkafafy M, Al-Otaibi S, El-Sawy H, Farouk S, El-Shazly S. Ginger Water Reduces Body Weight Gain and Improves Energy Expenditure in Rats. Foods 2020; 9:E38. [PMID: 31906567 PMCID: PMC7023345 DOI: 10.3390/foods9010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a serious global problem that causes predisposition to numerous serious diseases. The current study aims to investigate the effect of ginger water on body weight and energy expenditure through modulation of mRNA expression of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. A white colored liquid obtained during freeze-drying of fresh rhizomes of Zingiber officinal was collected and named ginger water. It was used to treat rats, then blood and tissue samples were collected from the liver and white adipose at the end of the experiment. The serum was prepared and used for biochemical assays, while tissue samples were used for RNA isolation and gene expression analysis via Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis of ginger water revealed the presence of chrysin and galangin at concentrations of 0.24 µg/mL and 0.53 µg/mL, respectively. Average body weight gain decreased significantly in groups that received ginger water. In addition, both total cholesterol and serum triacylglycerol were reduced in the groups that received ginger water. Furthermore, mRNA expression of Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1c) in the liver and leptin in adipose tissues were downregulated, while those of adiponectin, hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase1 (CPT-1), acyl-coA oxidase (ACO), Glucose transporter 2 (GLUT-2), and pyruvate kinase (PK) were upregulated in ginger water-treated groups. These results clearly revealed the lowering body weight gain effect of ginger water, which most likely occurs at the transcriptional level of energy metabolizing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Sayed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (A.E.-S.); (M.A.); (S.A.-O.); (S.F.)
- Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ahmed
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32958, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (A.E.-S.); (M.A.); (S.A.-O.); (S.F.)
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alkafafy
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (A.E.-S.); (M.A.); (S.A.-O.); (S.F.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32958, Egypt;
| | - Saqer Al-Otaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (A.E.-S.); (M.A.); (S.A.-O.); (S.F.)
| | - Hanan El-Sawy
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Samy Farouk
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (A.E.-S.); (M.A.); (S.A.-O.); (S.F.)
| | - Samir El-Shazly
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.); (A.E.-S.); (M.A.); (S.A.-O.); (S.F.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33511, Egypt
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10
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El-Shehawi AM, Ahmed MM, Elseehy MM, Hassan MM. Isolation of Antimicrobials from Native Plants of Taif Governorate. CYTOL GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452719030095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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An investigation of the effects of N-acetylcysteine on radiotherapy-induced testicular injury in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 392:147-157. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1581-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Ahmed MM, El-Shazly SA, Alkafafy ME, Mohamed AA, Mousa AA. Protective potential of royal jelly against cadmium-induced infertility in male rats. Andrologia 2018. [PMID: 29527696 DOI: 10.1111/and.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective potential of Royal jelly (RJ) against cadmium (Cd)-induced testicular dysfunction in rats. Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats were assigned into five groups. G I; (control) injected intraperitoneally with saline, G II injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of CdCl2 (1 mg/kg BW), G III received RJ (100 mg/kg BW/day) orally, G IV was pre-treated with RJ for 1 week then, treated with CdCl2 , and G V was co-treated with RJ and CdCl2 . After day 56, serum and tissue samples were collected and analysed. The results showed decreased serum testosterone, luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, sperm motility and count while increased malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and sperm abnormalities, along with a severely damaged seminiferous tubules epithelium with cytoplasmic and nuclear disruptions following Cd toxicity. Additionally, Cd stimulated testicular mRNA expression of TNF-α while inhibited those of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme androgen binding protein, FSH-receptor, LH-receptor, androgen receptor, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD), 17β-HSD, and cytochrome P450 17A1. These negative alterations of cadmium were greatly reduced by RJ treatment. This study concluded that RJ protects against Cd-induced testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Samir A El-Shazly
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kaferelsheikh University, Kaferelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Alkafafy
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Alaa A Mohamed
- Scientific Research Deanship, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Mousa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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Yaman O, Topcu-Tarladacalisir Y. L-carnitine counteracts prepubertal exposure to cisplatin induced impaired sperm in adult rats by preventing germ cell apoptosis. Biotech Histochem 2018; 93:157-167. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2017.1401661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O Yaman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Y Topcu-Tarladacalisir
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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14
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El-Sherbini ES, El-Sayed G, El Shotory R, Gheith N, Abou-Alsoud M, Harakeh SM, Karrouf GI. Ameliorative effects of l-carnitine on rats raised on a diet supplemented with lead acetate. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 24:1410-1417. [PMID: 28855839 PMCID: PMC5562480 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead intoxication has been a major health hazard in humans. It affects people at all ages. Its toxicity is associated with various organs of the body and affects different metabolic pathways. Based on histological data, l-carnitine reduced the severity of tissue damage produced as a result of exposure of rats to lead acetate. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the underlying mechanism of protection offered by l-carnitine against lead acetate intoxication using male Sprague-Dawley rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups with ten rats in each. The first group (G1) served as the control group and animals received standard diet only. The second group (G2) received lead acetate in their diet. The third group (G3) was the l-carnitine treated group and received the normal standard diet supplemented with l-carnitine. While the fourth group (G4) had a diet supplemented with both lead acetate and l-carnitine. At the end of each experiment, blood (serum and whole blood) were collected from each animal and analyzed for the following parameters: serum testosterone levels, serum nitric oxide and serum malondialdehyde. This is in addition to looking at the enzymatic activities of two important enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and on (glutathione reductase) which are indicative of the antioxidant activities in the whole blood. The results indicated that l-carnitine will counteract the undesirable effects of lead intoxication. It exerted its antioxidant potential by reducing the production of ROS and scavenging free radicals by maintaining and protecting the level of the of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and glutathione peroxidase. Conclusion:l-Carnitine may play an important role in reversing the undesirable effects of lead intoxication. Future studies should be conducted to see whether such an effect is applicable in humans exposed to lead poising.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Said El-Sherbini
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Gehad El-Sayed
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Rehab El Shotory
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Nervana Gheith
- Public Administration Departments, Faculty of Economic and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abou-Alsoud
- Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steve Mustapha Harakeh
- Special Infectious Agents Unit – King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box: 80216, Jeddah 21589; Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal I. Karrouf
- Medical Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Dakahlia, Egypt
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15
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Yun KL, Wang ZY. Target/signalling pathways of natural plant-derived radioprotective agents from treatment to potential candidates: A reverse thought on anti-tumour drugs. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:1122-1151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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l -carnitine preserves cardiac function by activating p38 MAPK/Nrf2 signalling in hearts exposed to irradiation. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 804:7-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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17
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Roy VK, Verma R, Krishna A. Carnitine-mediated antioxidant enzyme activity and Bcl2 expression involves peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α in mouse testis. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 29:1057-1063. [DOI: 10.1071/rd15336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The protective effects of carnitine have been attributed to inhibition of apoptosis, alleviating oxidative stress and DNA repair mechanism by decreasing oxidative radicles. Carnitine also increases mitochondrial biogenesis via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α). The role of carnitine in testicular PGC1α expression has not been documented. We hypothesised that the effects of carnitine as an antioxidant, inhibitor of apoptosis and controller of steroidogenesis in mouse testis may involve PGC1α as a regulator. The present study was designed to evaluate the localisation of PGC1α and the effects of carnitine treatment on the expression of PGC1α, Bcl2 and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) in mouse testis and serum testosterone concentrations. PGC1α was primarily immunolocalised to the Leydig cells and primary spermatocytes. Western blot analysis showed that carnitine (50 mg kg–1 and 100 mg kg–1 for 7 days) significantly increased PGC1α and Bcl2 expression in the testis in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, carnitine treatment significantly increased antioxidant enzyme (CAT, SOD and GPx) levels. The carnitine-induced changes in PGC1α in the testis were significantly correlated with changes in serum testosterone concentrations, as well as with changes in Bcl2 expression and antioxidant enzyme activity in the testis, as evaluated by electrophoresis. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that carnitine treatment of mice increases PGC1α levels in the testis, which may, in turn, regulate steroidogenesis by increasing expression of Bcl2 and antioxidant enzymes.
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Lipovac M, Bodner F, Imhof M, Chedraui P. Comparison of the effect of a combination of eight micronutrients versus a standard mono preparation on sperm parameters. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2016; 14:84. [PMID: 27938385 PMCID: PMC5148870 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-016-0219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are reports showing that l-carnitine alone or in combination with other micronutrients improve sperm parameters. However, comparative studies are still lacking. This study was carried out to compare the short term effects of a combination of eight micronutrients including l-carnitine vs. a mono-substance (l-carnitine alone) on sperm parameters. METHODS This was a prospective, open-labelled, nonrandomized study that included male subjects (20 to 60 years) with at least 1 year of subfertility and at least one pathological semen analysis who received 3 months treatment with a mono-substance (500 mg l-carnitine/twice a day, n = 156) or a combined compound (440 mg l-carnitine + 250 mg l-arginine + 40 mg zinc + 120 mg vitamin E + 80 mg glutathione + 60 μg selenium + 15 mg coenzyme Q10 + 800 μg folic acid/once a day, n = 143) for the same time period. Sperm parameters were analyzed before and after treatment and groups comparisons performed. RESULTS Baseline characteristics were similar among studied groups (age and body mass indices). Semen parameters (volume, density, overall progressive motility [including slow and fast motility]) and percentage of sperm with normal morphology improved after 3 months in both groups as compared to baseline. However, relative change (expressed as % increase of absolute values) for sperm density and overall progressive motility (including fast motility) was found to be higher for the combined micronutrient treatment group as compared to the mono-treatment using l-carnitine alone. CONCLUSION Both analyzed groups displayed a positive short term effect on all sperm parameters; however effect on density and motility was significantly better for the combined formulation. There is need for more research in this matter that includes long term outcome data. TRIAL REGISTRATION Retrospectively registered at ISRCTN (7th October 2016). Study ID: ISRCTN48594239.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Lipovac
- IMI Fertility Center, Vienna, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for cell-based therapy in Gynecology, Wiener Ring 3-5, 2100 Korneuburg, Austria
| | - Florian Bodner
- IMI Fertility Center, Vienna, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for cell-based therapy in Gynecology, Wiener Ring 3-5, 2100 Korneuburg, Austria
| | - Martin Imhof
- IMI Fertility Center, Vienna, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for cell-based therapy in Gynecology, Wiener Ring 3-5, 2100 Korneuburg, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Chedraui
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Area for Women’s Health, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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Tas S, Ozkan OF, Cikman O, Kiraz A, Akgun Y, Karaayvaz M. L-carnitine has a protective effect on the colonic mucosa during abdominopelvic radiotherapy in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2016; 31:615-620. [PMID: 27737347 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020160090000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate histopathologically the radioprotective effect of L-carnitine on the colonic mucosa in rats undergoing abdominopelvic irradiation. METHODS: Thirty-two rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: intraperitoneal administration of normal saline (group 1) or L-carnitine (300 mL/kg; group 2), followed in groups 3 and 4, respectively, by one dose of abdominopelvic radiation (20 Gy) 30 min later. Rats were sacrificed 5 days after radiation, and their descending colons were resected for histopathological evaluation of the presence and severity of damage. RESULTS: Average damage scores did not differ significantly between groups 1 and 2 (0.13 ± 0.35 and 0.25 ± 0.46, respectively); the group 3 score was highest (10.25 ± 0.71), and the group 4 score (3.63 ± 1.41) was significantly lower than that of group 3 (both p = 0.0001). Pre-radiation L-carnitine administration significantly reduced mucosal thinning, crypt distortion, reactive atypia, inflammation, cryptitis, and reactive lymph-node hyperplasia (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: L-carnitine had a radioprotective effect on rat colonic mucosa. L-carnitine use should be explored for patients with gastrointestinal cancer, who have reduced serum L-carnitine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukru Tas
- Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey. Conception and design of the study, technical procedures, manuscript writing, final approval
| | - Omer Faruk Ozkan
- Associated Professor, Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey. Scientific and intellectual content of the study, statistical analysis
| | - Oztekin Cikman
- Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey. Acquisition of data, manuscript writing
| | - Asli Kiraz
- Specialist Doctor, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey. Histopathological examinations, manuscript writing, critical revision
| | - Yilmaz Akgun
- Professor, Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey. Analysis and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation, critical revision
| | - Muammer Karaayvaz
- Professor, Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey. Conception and design of the study, critical revision
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Alkafafy MES, Ibrahim ZS, Ahmed MM, El-Shazly SA. Impact of aspartame and saccharin on the rat liver: Biochemical, molecular, and histological approach. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2015; 28:247-55. [PMID: 26015492 DOI: 10.1177/0394632015586134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The current work was undertaken to settle the debate about the toxicity of artificial sweeteners (AS), particularly aspartame and saccharin. Twenty-five, 7-week-old male Wistar albino rats with an average body weight of 101 ± 4.8 g were divided into a control group and four experimental groups (n = 5 rats). The first and second experimental groups received daily doses equivalent to the acceptable daily intake (ADI) of aspartame (250 mg/Kg BW) and four-fold ADI of aspartame (1000 mg/Kg BW). The third and fourth experimental groups received daily doses equivalent to ADI of saccharin (25 mg/Kg BW) and four-fold ADI of saccharin (100 mg/Kg BW). The experimental groups received the corresponding sweetener dissolved in water by oral route for 8 weeks. The activities of enzymes relevant to liver functions and antioxidants were measured in the blood plasma. Histological studies were used for the evaluation of the changes in the hepatic tissues. The gene expression levels of the key oncogene (h-Ras) and the tumor suppressor gene (P27) were also evaluated. In addition to a significant reduction in the body weight, the AS-treated groups displayed elevated enzymes activities, lowered antioxidants values, and histological changes reflecting the hepatotoxic effect of aspartame and saccharin. Moreover, the overexpression of the key oncogene (h-Ras) and the downregulation of the tumor suppressor gene (P27) in all treated rat groups may indicate a potential risk of liver carcinogenesis, particularly on long-term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Sayed Alkafafy
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia Department of Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Zein Shaban Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kaferelsheikh University, Egypt Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Samir Ahmed El-Shazly
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kaferelsheikh University, Egypt
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Ahmed MM, Samir ESA, El-Shehawi AM, Alkafafy ME. Anti-obesity effects of Taif and Egyptian pomegranates: molecular study. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:598-609. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.982505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The present study investigated the anti-obesity effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juices from the two Saudi Arabian, Taif red, Taif white, and Egyptian pomegranates in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Administrating any of the used juices decreased the body weight gain, food consumption, and serum levels of lipid, leptin, and glucose, while it increased serum insulin level. Histologically, all types of juices decreased the number and size of lipid droplets in hepatocytes compared to the obese, non-treated animals. All juices types upregulated the hepatic mRNA expression of hormone-sensitive lipase, pyruvate kinase, and adiponectin in obese rats; the genes were all suppressed by HFD feeding. Additionally, the expression of fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase1 was also upregulated by all types of juices. Conversely, ghrelin mRNA expression was downregulated by all used juices’ types. These findings demonstrate that all types of tested juices protect against the HFD-induced obesity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - El-Shazly A Samir
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kaferelsheikh University, Kaferelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Genetics, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Alkafafy
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Cytology and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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Ahmed El-Shazly S, Ahmed MM, Ibrahim ZS, Refat MS. Synthesis, characterization, and efficacy evaluation of a new anti-diabetic vanadyl(II) thiamine hydrochloride complex in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2015; 28:227-39. [PMID: 25816395 DOI: 10.1177/0394632015576036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to abnormalities in either insulin secretion or action. A range of vanadium complexes have been synthesized and demonstrated to be effective in lowering hyperglycemia. Thiamine administration was also reported to prevent deterioration in fasting glucose and insulin levels, and to improve glucose tolerance in hyperglycemic patients. This study has been conducted to evaluate the ionic vanadyl(II) thiamine hydrochloride complex (VC) as a new anti-diabetic candidate. The new complex was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), electronic spectra, magnetic susceptibility, electron spin resonance (ESR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The anti-diabetic effect of VC was investigated in comparison to vanadium sulfate in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Treatment of diabetic rats with VC versus vanadyl sulfate showed a more potent effect on reducing serum glucose and cholesterol close to normal levels. VC suppressed the diabetes-induced upregulation of hepatic glucose transporter (GLUT)-2, Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) more significantly than vanadyl sulfate. Either vanadyl sulfate or VC restored hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding protein transcription factor-1c (SREBP-1c) and muscle hexokinase (HK) mRNA expression that was downregulated in diabetic group. Pyruvate kinase (PK) mRNA expression was restored more significantly in VC-treated than vanadyl sulfate-treated diabetic rats. These results indicate that the newly synthesized VC could be an effective anti-diabetic candidate as the anti-diabetic activity of the ionic vanadium was enhanced after being modified with the organic ligand, thiamin. The results also suggest that VC achieves its effect most likely through modulating the transcription of energy metabolizing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Ahmed El-Shazly
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kaferelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Zein Shaban Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kaferelsheikh University, Egypt Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moamen S Refat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Egypt
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