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Morando M, Gruttadauria SV, Platania S. The effect of dispositional resilience on the relationship between professional quality of life and psychological distress factors of nurses during the pandemic: A three-wave longitudinal study. Int J Nurs Pract 2024:e13287. [PMID: 39049438 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 overwhelmed all healthcare workers, especially nurses, who worked tirelessly in patient care in extremely stressful situations. Italy, with its hospital overcrowding and staff shortages, exacerbated these negative consequences. DESIGN A three-wave prospective longitudinal-design was adopted to use validated scales to examine the trend of stress, anxiety, depression and resilience on the professional quality of life of nurses who worked during the pandemic. During an 8-month period, a sample of 411 individuals was recruited and surveyed three times. RESULTS Resilience showed an increasing positive trend from the first to the third wave, increasing its effects on the outcomes and demonstrating its important protective role. The compassion fatigue showed progressively higher scores in the three waves, indicating greater workload perception and greater difficulty in managing the patients' perceived stress. Burnout increased in the first compared to second waves but decreased significantly in the third wave, due to the effect of resilience on burnout that was significantly stronger in the third wave. CONCLUSION Our findings align with the literature about the role of resilience and emphasize the importance of investing in strategies aimed at developing resilience in healthcare workers and providing prevention and assistance to them in terms of job demands and unsustainable stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Morando
- Psychology Section, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Platania
- Psychology Section, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Bektemur G, Keles E, Kaya L, Baydili KN. Determinants of health-promoting behaviors in pregnant women. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2024; 70:e20231798. [PMID: 39045932 PMCID: PMC11262347 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20231798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between social support, marital dissatisfaction, psychological factors, and health-promoting behaviors in pregnant women. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,265 pregnant women who visited the outpatient clinic of a maternity hospital between May and August 2023. The Health Promotion Lifestyle-II Questionnaire was used to measure the healthy lifestyle behaviors of pregnant women. The mental health status of pregnant women was measured using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21. The Marital Disaffection Scale was used to assess the level of disaffection toward a spouse. Perceived social support was measured by the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale. RESULTS Pregnant women had a mean age of 26.46±5.09 years. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that there was a positive association between perceived social support and health-promoting behaviors. It was also found that marital disaffection was negatively associated with health-promoting behaviors (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The present study suggests that stress, anxiety, depression, and marital disaffection are negatively associated with health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, while social support is positively associated with the adoption of health practices in pregnant women. Understanding the complex interplay between psychosocial factors and healthy behaviors is crucial to improving healthy behaviors in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guven Bektemur
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health – İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Keles
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health – İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Leyla Kaya
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Disease Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kurşad Nuri Baydili
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics – İstanbul, Turkey
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Boye CM, Botor NJB, Tuliao AP, Webb JR. Psychometric evaluation of the Psychache Scale: A multigroup comparison between white and hispanic undergraduate student drinkers. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38976373 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2024.2366965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
With psychache being an integral aspect of suicidal and addictive behavior, there is a need for efficient assessment, including generalizability across various racial and ethnic identities. Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Psychache Scale was conducted in the context of 1537 undergraduate college student drinkers (White = 1,171, Hispanic = 366). The alternative bifactor model was a better solution compared to other competing models suggesting that the Psychache Scale is sufficiently unidimensional. There was sufficient support for measurement invariance, which implies that the scale is measuring the same construct across groups. The Hispanic group had a significantly higher latent mean overall psychache score compared to their counterparts. The association of psychache with various adjustment outcomes was also similar across groups. The measure demonstrated robust properties to capture psychological pain. Additional studies need to be done to examine factors influencing psychache, especially among the Hispanic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Comfort M Boye
- Department of Community, Family, and Addiction Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
| | - Nephtaly J B Botor
- Department of Community, Family, and Addiction Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
| | - Antover P Tuliao
- Department of Community, Family, and Addiction Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
| | - Jon R Webb
- Department of Community, Family, and Addiction Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
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Caamaño-Navarrete F, Del-Cuerpo I, Arriagada-Hernández C, Alvarez C, Gaya AR, Reuter CP, Delgado-Floody P. Association between Active Commuting and Lifestyle Parameters with Mental Health Problems in Chilean Children and Adolescent. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:554. [PMID: 39062377 PMCID: PMC11273756 DOI: 10.3390/bs14070554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the association between active commuting (i.e., walking or cycling to school) with lifestyle parameters and mental health in youths. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between mental health problems and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress with lifestyle (i.e., food habits, screen time, physical activity, and sleep quality), active commuting, and gender. METHODS A total of 511 children and adolescents (boys, n = 249; girls, n = 262) aged 10 to 17 years participated in the study. Lifestyle parameters and mental health were evaluated using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). RESULTS Girls reported higher levels of anxiety (p = 0.001), depression (p = 0.001), and stress (p = 0.001). Mental health problems showed a positive association with gender (girls, β = 3.06, p < 0.001) and a negative association with food habits (β = -0.65, p = 0.019). Anxiety was positively associated with gender (β = 7.88, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with food habits (β = -0.23, p = 0.019). Gender (girls) and food habits were also associated with symptoms of depression (β = 2.29, p < 0.001 and β = -0.27, p = 0.005, respectively). Finally, active commuting was inversely associated with stress (β = -1.24, p = 0.008), and stress was positively linked to gender (β = 2.53, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Active commuting, lifestyle parameters, and gender were associated with mental health in children and adolescents. Moreover, girls reported higher levels of anxiety, symptoms of depression, and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Caamaño-Navarrete
- Physical Education Career, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (F.C.-N.); (C.A.-H.)
| | - Indya Del-Cuerpo
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain;
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Arriagada-Hernández
- Physical Education Career, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (F.C.-N.); (C.A.-H.)
- Grupo de Investigación Colaborativa para el Desarrollo Escolar (GICDE), Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Cristian Alvarez
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile;
| | - Anelise Reis Gaya
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90690-200, Brazil;
| | - Cézane Priscila Reuter
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Independência Av.2293-Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul 96815-900, Brazil;
| | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Al‐Dassean KA, Murad OS. Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Jordanian version of the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-21). Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2024; 44:447-456. [PMID: 38588297 PMCID: PMC11144607 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Early diagnosis of health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and stress, which have been recognized as global health issues, is essential for providing psychological support to people who experience negative emotions. Therefore, it is important to identify a reliable method for diagnosing depression, anxiety, and stress. To this end, this study investigated the factor structure and evaluated the psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in Jordan. METHODS A university sample of 336 Jordanians completed the Arabic version of the DASS-21 and several psychopathology measures. Cross-sectional study and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were applied to achieve the study's aims. RESULTS CFA favored the bifactor model compared to the other four models. In contrast, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) strongly correlated with the DASS-21, indicating that the DASS-21 has adequate convergent and divergent validity. Subsequently, the scale's discriminant validity was tested using the heterotrait-monotrait (HTMT) correlation ratio, which was found to be relatively insufficient. While DASS-21 showed strong reliability, Cronbach's α and McDonald's omega values ranged between 0.83 and 0.93. CONCLUSION The bifactor model best fits the Jordanian sample data. The DASS-21 has optimum psychometric properties; therefore, it can be used to assess the general distress experienced by the Jordanian community during research investigations and in non-clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Odeh S. Murad
- Al‐Balqa Applied University, Al‐Shoubak University CollegeAl ShoubakJordan
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Wüllhorst V, Lützkendorf J, Endrass T. Validation of the German long and short versions of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. J Clin Psychol 2024. [PMID: 38822708 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale is a widely used self-report measure of impulsivity, but there is currently no validated German version that includes the Positive Urgency scale. METHODS We combined existing German translations of UPPS scales and included the Positive Urgency dimension to validate the UPPS-P in a sample of 399 participants. In addition, we developed a revised short version of the UPPS-P (SUPPS-P) with 20 items and conducted a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to verify the structure in an independent validation sample with 349 participants. To determine evidence of convergent and discriminant validity, we used measures of impulsivity, depression, anxiety, stress, problematic alcohol and substance use. RESULTS CFA of the five factorial structure of the UPPS-P demonstrated acceptable fits and evidence of validity and reliability for the subscales. Psychometric characteristics of the SUPPS-P using the original item configuration were not satisfactory. As a result, we developed a revised German version of the SUPPS-P and confirmed the five-factor structure using a CFA in the validation sample. For the revised version, model fits and evidence of validity and internal consistencies were good. Associations with other constructs were as expected. For example, whereas Sensation Seeking was associated moderately with problematic alcohol use, lacking associations of Lack of Premeditation to internalizing symptoms showed evidence of discriminant validity. DISCUSSION The German translations of both UPPS-P and SUPPS-P are valid tools for measuring impulsive behaviors. They are well-suited for exploring the associations between different facets of impulsivity and psychopathological phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Wüllhorst
- Department of Addiction Research, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia Lützkendorf
- Department of Addiction Research, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tanja Endrass
- Department of Addiction Research, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Huang PC, Lin CY, Huang RY, Chen JS, Griffiths MD, Strong C, Wang HW, Chen CY, Ko NY, Shieh SJ. The effect of social support and resource support on emotional exhaustion, insomnia, and suicidal ideation among allied health trainees and post-graduate year doctors in Taiwan. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:322. [PMID: 38824566 PMCID: PMC11144321 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01811-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19-related stigmatization refers to COVID-19-related judgements by others that devalue the individual. Such stigmatization towards healthcare workers may cause psychological burden and negative consequences. Such stigmatization may have particularly overwhelmed allied health trainees (AHTs) and post-graduate year doctors (PGYDs) because they just started their medical career. Social support and resource support have been reported to benefit psychological health and reduce stigmatization. Therefore, the present study used a cross-sectional study design to investigate the association between perceived stigma, self-stigma, psychological distress, and negative outcomes (including emotional exhaustion, insomnia and suicidal ideation) among AHTs and PGYDs in Taiwan. METHODS An online survey distributed between July and December, 2022 received 522 responses. Variables were assessed using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, Insomnia Severity Index and a series of self-designed questions to assess social support, resource support, perceived stigma, self-stigma, emotional exhaustion, and suicidal ideation. RESULTS Structural equation modeling showed that perceived stigma was associated with self-stigma (standardized coefficient [β] = 0.428, p < 0.001), and self-stigma was associated with psychological distress (β = 0.197, p < 0.001), as well as being associated with emotional exhaustion, insomnia, and suicidal ideation (β = 0.349, 0.556 and 0.212, all p-values < 0.001). While social support and resource support were negatively associated with perceived stigma (β= - 0.175 and - 0.152, p < 0.01), additional associations were found between social support and emotional exhaustion (β= - 0.093, p < 0.001), as well as between resource support and insomnia (β= - 0.120, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results showed that COVID-19 related stigmatization was correlated to the detrimental consequences of emotional exhaustion, insomnia and suicidal ideation. Clear paths regarding the associations of social support and resource support with the three negative associations were found as the possible solutions. Strategies to reduce the stigmatization and these negative outcomes, or improve the psychological health will benefit AHTs and PGYDs in maintaining a healthy mental status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ching Huang
- School of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hua 1st Rd., Taoyuan, 333323, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 1, University Rd., East Dist, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan.
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1, University Rd., East Dist, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan.
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1, University Rd., East Dist, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan.
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1, University Rd., Tainan, 701401, Taiwan.
| | - Ru-Yi Huang
- Division of Family Medicine Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and School of Medicine Tzu Chi University, No. 289, Jianguo Rd., Xindian Dist., New Taipei, 23142, Taiwan.
- Data Science Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Sheng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No.1 Yida Rd., Yanchao Dist, Kaohsiung, 824005, Taiwan.
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare St, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK
| | - Carol Strong
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1, University Rd., East Dist, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wen Wang
- Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1, University Rd., East Dist, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 1, University Rd., East Dist, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1, University Rd., East Dist, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Ying Ko
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1, University Rd., East Dist, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Jou Shieh
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 1, University Rd., East Dist, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1, University Rd., East Dist, Tainan, 701401, Taiwan
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Liu Y, Xiao T, Zhang W, Xu L, Zhang T. The relationship between physical activity and Internet addiction among adolescents in western China: a chain mediating model of anxiety and inhibitory control. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38770920 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2024.2357694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the mediating effect of anxiety and inhibitory control in the relationship between physical activity and Internet addiction (IA) among adolescents. A total of 951 adolescents from western China completed a self-report survey assessing physical activity, anxiety, inhibitory control, and IA. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and mediation analysis were conducted using SPSS software and the Process plug-in. Controlling for age, gender, and only child status, the findings revealed a negative association between physical activity and anxiety, inhibitory control, and IA. Moreover, anxiety were positively correlated with inhibitory control and IA. Additionally, anxiety exhibited a positive association with inhibitory control. Notably, physical activity directly and negatively predicted IA in adolescents, while also indirectly predicting it through anxiety and inhibitory control. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the complex effects of physical activity on IA among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
- Institute of Physical Education, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan, China
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Georgescu T, Nedelcea C, Gorbănescu A, Papasteri C, Cosmoiu AM, Vasile DL, Letzner RD. Psychometric evaluation of the PCL-5: assessing validity, diagnostic utility, and bifactor structures. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2024; 15:2333222. [PMID: 38699832 PMCID: PMC11073431 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2333222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The changes DSM-5 brought to the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) resulted in revising the most widely used instrument in assessing PTSD, namely the Posttraumatic Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5).Objective: This study examined the psychometric properties of the Romanian version of the PCL-5, tested its diagnostic utility against the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5), and investigated the latent structure of PTSD symptoms through correlated symptom models and bifactor modelling.Method: A total sample of 727 participants was used to test the psychometric properties and underlying structure of the PCL-5 and 101 individuals underwent clinical interviews using SCID-5. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were performed to test the diagnostic utility of the PCL-5 and identify optimal cut-off scores based on Youden's J index. Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFAs) and bifactor modelling were performed to investigate the latent structure of PTSD symptoms.Results: Estimates revealed that the PCL-5 is a valuable tool with acceptable diagnostic accuracy compared to SCID-5 diagnoses, indicating a cut-off score of >47. The CFAs provide empirical support for Anhedonia, Hybrid, and bifactor models. The findings are limited by using retrospective, self-report data and the high percentage of female participants.Conclusions: The PCL-5 is a psychometrically sound instrument that can be useful in making provisional diagnoses within community samples and improving trauma-informed practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Georgescu
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cătălin Nedelcea
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Gorbănescu
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Claudiu Papasteri
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Cosmoiu
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Lucia Vasile
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ramona Daniela Letzner
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Brailovskaia J, Schneider S, Margraf J. The "bubbles"-study: Validation of ultra-short scales for the assessment of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300923. [PMID: 38507342 PMCID: PMC10954120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression, anxiety and stress symptoms cause substantial psychological and economic burdens around the globe. To mitigate the negative consequences, the negative symptoms should be identified at an early stage. Therefore, the implementation of very brief valid screening tools in mental health prevention programs and in therapeutic settings is advantageous. In two studies on representative German population samples, we developed and validated three ultra-short scales-the "bubbles"-that consist of only one item based on the Depression Anxiety Stress 21 subscales (DASS-21) for the assessment of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. The results of Study 1 (N = 1,001) and Study 2 (N = 894) revealed that the bubbles are valid instruments that fit the DASS-21 subscales on the factor level. Moreover, the bubbles replicated the association pattern of the DASS-21 subscales with demographic variables, and with variables that belong to the negative and the positive dimension of mental health. Thus, due to their time- and cost-efficiency, the bubbles can be used as brief screening tools in research (e.g., large-scale studies, longitudinal studies, experience sampling paradigms) and in praxis. Their shortness can prevent fatigue, motivation decrease, and participants' drop-out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Bochum/Marburg, Germany
| | - Silvia Schneider
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Bochum/Marburg, Germany
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Bochum/Marburg, Germany
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Iannattone S, Mignemi G, Pivetta E, Gatta M, Sica C, Cardi V, Canale N, Spoto A, Bottesi G. Are anxiety, depression, and stress distinguishable in Italian adolescents? an examination through the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299229. [PMID: 38412147 PMCID: PMC10898757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The adolescents' ability to discriminate between different negative emotional states is still under debate. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) serves as a useful tool to unravel this issue, yet the literature on its structural validity in young people is ambiguous. Therefore, this study aimed to expand knowledge on the emotional experience of youth by investigating the factor structure and psychometric properties of the DASS-21 in Italian adolescents. Six hundred fifty-five students (60.6% girls) aged 14-18 (M = 16.3 ± 1.29) completed an online survey containing the DASS-21 and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). To evaluate the factor structure of the DASS-21, several alternative models were tested, also adopting an Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) procedure. Measurement invariance, reliability, validity, and latent means differences were addressed. The ESEM model with three correlated factors of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress yielded the best fit to the data, supporting a hierarchical structure of the DASS-21. In addition, this model was invariant across sex and age groups. The Anxiety scale predicted both positive and negative affect, while Depression predicted positive affect only. Finally, girls scored higher than boys on Anxiety and Depression, but no age differences emerged. Overall, our results indicate that anxiety, depression, and stress are distinguishable in Italian adolescents but, simultaneously, share an underlying condition of general distress, which may explain the comorbidity between internalizing problems. Such findings are discussed in terms of clinical and preventive implications for the adolescent population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Iannattone
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mignemi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Erika Pivetta
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Gatta
- Woman and Child's Health Department, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Sica
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Valentina Cardi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Natale Canale
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Spoto
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gioia Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Chukwuemeka NA, Yinka Akintunde T, Uzoigwe FE, Okeke M, Tassang A, Oloji Isangha S. Indirect effects of health-related quality of life on suicidal ideation through psychological distress among cancer patients. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053231225306. [PMID: 38279547 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231225306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The interrelationships of suicidal ideation, psychological distress, and impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in cancer patients are complex and multifaceted. Limited empirical evidence exists on the indirect effects of impaired HRQoL on suicidal ideation through psychological distress among cancer patients. To fill this research gap, 250 cancer patients were recruited through a cross-sectional hospital-based research design. Structural equation model (SEM) results indicated that impaired HRQoL is a predictor of psychological distress (β = 0.153; p < 0.05), and psychological distress positively predicts suicidal ideation (β = 0.647; p < 0.000). The study found no direct effects of impaired HRQoL on suicidal ideation (β = -0.05; p = 0.223). Indirect effects of HRQoL on suicidal ideation was confirmed, showing a full-mediation effect β = 0.099 (SE = 0.048, CI = [0.030, 0.189], p < 0.05) (i.e. the pathway impaired HRQoL predict suicidal ideation is through psychological distress). Cognitive-behavioral therapy and other emotional support programs should be considered for cancer patients to mitigate psychological vulnerabilities linking impaired HRQoL to suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Andrew Tassang
- University of Buea, Cameroon
- Buea Regional Hospital, Annex, Cameroon
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Alreshidi SM. Psychometric Properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for Saudi Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2024; 61:469580231221287. [PMID: 38159245 PMCID: PMC10757792 DOI: 10.1177/00469580231221287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Arabic-language Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) among Saudi caregivers of patients with chronic diseases. Using a cross-sectional design, 94 Saudi caregivers (37 male and 57 female) in the medical city participated in the study. A comparative assessment was conducted on 4 models proposed in the existing PHQ-9 literature to gauge their compatibility through confirmatory factor analyses. This study evaluates convergent validity through a correlation analysis, examining the relationship between the PHQ-9 and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Among the various models we examined, the single-factor structure of the PHQ-9 displayed the best fit with the data we gathered. Notably, the Cronbach alpha coefficient for the PHQ-9 registered at .81, indicating a high level of internal consistency. Factor loadings spanned a range from .39 to .76. The convergent validity of the PHQ-9 and DASS-21 was deemed satisfactory. It is established that the PHQ-9 serves as an effective tool for depression screening among Saudi caregivers in Saudi Arabia. Its strengths lie in its demonstrated validity, dependability, brevity, and convenience of administration, positioning it as a valuable resource for preventative measures and performance assessment within mental health settings.
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Lin YC, Lin CY, Saffari M, Tsai MC, Chang YH, Strong C, Chen JK, Hsieh YP, Yang YN, Latner JD. Weight stigma is associated with body mass index among college students in Taiwan: the mediated role of internalized weight stigma. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:365. [PMID: 37915074 PMCID: PMC10621093 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01414-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight stigma is an issue often studied in Western countries; however, such information is scarce in Asian studies. METHODS This study aimed to examine the role of internalized weight stigma as a mediator in the relationship between perceived weight stigma and changes in body mass index (BMI). The data were collected through a longitudinal online survey with two phases (n = 974; Phase 1: August and September 2021; Phase 2: November and December 2021). The Perceived Weight Stigma Scale (PWSS), Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ), and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21) were administered to assess perceived weight stigma, internalized weight stigma, and psychological distress. Hierarchical regressions were used to examine the proposed model, and Hayes' Process Macro was used to test a mediation model. RESULTS The changes in perceived weight stigma and internalized weight stigma were significantly and positively associated with changes in BMI. There were significant and positive associations between perceived weight stigma, internalized weight stigma and psychological distress over time. Change in internalized weight stigma was found to be a significant mediator in the association of change in perceived weight stigma with change in BMI for the entire sample (unstandardized coefficient = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.06), female subgroup (unstandardized coefficient = 0.05; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.08), and male subgroup (unstandardized coefficient = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.06). Change in perceived weight stigma also had significant effects on change in BMI for the entire sample and the female subgroup, but not for the male subgroup. CONCLUSION Because perceived weight stigma may significantly impact changes in BMI through internalized weight stigma, treatment strategies to ameliorate self-stigma may enhance the results of weight-reduction programs. Such treatment strategies should be considered for inclusion in weight-loss interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ching Lin
- Department of Early Childhood and Family Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, 106320, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
- University of Religions and Denominations, Qom, Iran.
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Mohsen Saffari
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Health Education Department, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meng-Che Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Carol Strong
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Kang Chen
- Department of Social Work, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Ping Hsieh
- Department of Social Work, College of Nursing and Professional Disciplines, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Yung-Ning Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Janet D Latner
- Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Lin CY, Potenza MN, Pontes HM, Pakpour AH. Psychometric properties of the Persian Gaming Disorder Test and relationships with psychological distress and insomnia in adolescents. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:326. [PMID: 37817223 PMCID: PMC10566088 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gaming Disorder (GD) was recently included by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a psychiatric condition in the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and is a concern worldwide, including in Iran. Thus, based on the ICD-11 criteria, a Persian version of the Gaming Disorder Test (GDT) was developed to facilitate assessment of GD. METHODS The present study used classical test theory and Rasch analysis to examine the psychometric properties of the Persian GDT. Iranian adolescents (n = 3837; 2171 [56.6%] males; mean [SD] age = 16.02 [1.4] years) completed the GDT and other instruments assessing disordered gaming, psychological distress, and insomnia. RESULTS Overall, the psychometric properties of the Persian GDT were satisfactory based on classical test theory (i.e., confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the unidimensional structure of GDT) and Rasch analysis (i.e., fit statistics suggested that all items were embedded in the concept of GD). Moreover, the Persian GDT was found to be sex-invariant, displaying no items with substantial differential item functioning across sexes. Additionally, it was found that GD mediated associations between time spent gaming and measures of psychological distress and insomnia. CONCLUSION The Persian GDT is a convenient and short instrument for assessing GD among Iranian adolescents. The mediating roles of GD in the associations between time spent gaming and psychological distress and between time spent gaming and insomnia suggest that targeting features of GD may reduce psychological distress and improve sleep for Iranian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and the Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, 06109, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Halley M Pontes
- School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Amir H Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non- Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, 3419759811, Iran.
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Gjuterigatan 5, Jönköping, 553 18, Sweden.
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Abu Liel F. Psychological Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Nursing Students: Palestinian Perspective. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231220514. [PMID: 38130470 PMCID: PMC10734324 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231220514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 has had an important effect on nursing students, with some having their clinical practice cancelled or suspended and others suffering from the virus. Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the psychological status in terms of stress, anxiety, and depression of nursing students during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The study was cross-sectional, carried out by a convenience sample of 320 participants of nursing students between May and June 2020. Data collection was performed by "Depression Anxiety Stress-21 Scale" (DASS-21). Results The results revealed that 78 (24.3%) of participants reported stress; 121 (37.8%) reported anxiety; and 72 (22.5%) reported depression. Also, grade and socioeconomic status had statistically significant effect on anxiety, stress, and depression. In addition, age had statistically significant effect on depression, place of residence had statistically significant effect on anxiety, and gender had statistically significant effect on stress. Conclusion The study confirmed an alarming number of nursing students who experienced anxiety, stress, and depression. This study serves as an evidence concerning nursing students' mental health issues as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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