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Palmer B, Irwin C, Desbrow B. A review of factors influencing drinking behaviours in young Australian adults using a behavioural framework approach. Drug Alcohol Rev 2024; 43:170-187. [PMID: 37830638 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
ISSUES Young adults (aged 18-24 years) are more likely to binge drink than any other age group in Australia. These behaviours expose young adults to possible adverse events, with potential for acute harms. APPROACH A behavioural framework (capability, opportunity, motivation-behaviour [COM-B model]) was used to explore factors that influence the drinking behaviours of young Australian adults. Potential studies were identified by searching four online data bases. Content pertaining to factors moderating young adults' alcohol consumption behaviours (either increasing or decreasing alcohol consumption) in an Australian population was extracted. Factors were then categorised/mapped into the six sub-components of the COM-B model. A narrative synthesis/discussion was subsequently undertaken. KEY FINDINGS Factors increasing or reducing alcohol consumption behaviours were identified across all components of the COM-B model. Overall, alcohol consumption behaviours appear strongly influenced by physical and social opportunities, and young adults have reflective and automatic motivations (i.e., habitual processes, emotional responding and analytical decisional making that directs behaviour) to consume alcohol with purpose and/or reason. IMPLICATIONS AND CONCLUSION The use of a behavioural framework (e.g., the COM-B model) facilitates an integrated understanding of factors influencing alcohol consumption behaviours. Future harm minimisation strategies need to consider the interrelated, contemporary factors underpinning a young adult's decision to consume alcohol within the context of modern Australian society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake Palmer
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Christopher Irwin
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Ben Desbrow
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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2
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Steers MLN, Strowger M, Tanygin AB, Ward RM. Do you 'like' problems? The linkage between college students' interactions with alcohol-related content on social media and their alcohol-related problems. Drug Alcohol Rev 2024; 43:75-85. [PMID: 37539618 PMCID: PMC10838370 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol-related content (ARC) on social media and drinking motives impact college students' drinking. Most studies have examined peer-generated ARC on drinking outcomes but have yet to extend this relationship to other sources of influence. The current study explores the link between drinking motives, alcohol company ARC, celebrity ARC, and alcohol-related problems among college students. METHODS Students (N = 454) from two US universities completed a cross-sectional online survey assessing demographics; drinking motives (Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised; Cooper, Psychol Assess. 1994;6:117-28); following/awareness of alcohol company ARC; engagement with celebrity ARC; peak drinks (most drinks consumed on one occasion); and alcohol-related problems (e.g., passed out). RESULTS Greater celebrity ARC was linked to coping, enhancement, and conformity motives, and peak drinks. Frequent engagement with celebrity ARC was associated with higher problems. Positive indirect effects were observed from celebrity ARC to problems through coping and conformity motives, and peak drinks. After having adjusted for the influence of celebrity ARC, no significant pathways were found between alcohol company ARC and any of the drinking motives, peak drinks or problems, nor were there any indirect effects between alcohol company ARC and problems. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Results revealed that a possible explanation for why students who engaged with celebrity ARC experience problems was due to coping and conformity motives as well as peak drinks. Interventions targeting alcohol cognitions might assess engagement with and exposure to different sources of ARC given their potential to influence problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan Strowger
- Old Dominion University College of Sciences, Norfolf, USA
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3
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Bimstein JG, O'Bryan EM, Jean A, McLeish AC. Intolerance of Uncertainty, Negative Reinforcement Alcohol Use Motives, and Hazardous Drinking in College Students with Clinically Elevated Worry. Subst Use Misuse 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37270428 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2215318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Hazardous drinking has remained high for college students in recent years, and individuals who endorse drinking to cope with emotional distress or to conform socially report higher levels of alcohol use. Intolerance of uncertainty, a core process underlying generalized anxiety disorder, has been linked to negative reinforcement drinking motives; however, no research, to date, has examined the role of intolerance of uncertainty in terms of alcohol use motives and hazardous drinking among individuals with generalized anxiety disorder. Objective: The current study was designed to examine the relationships between intolerance of uncertainty, coping and conformity alcohol use motives, and hazardous drinking in an analogue generalized anxiety disorder sample. Methods: Participants were 323 college students (Mage = 19.25, SD = 2.23, Range = 18-40) who endorsed past-year alcohol use and clinically elevated levels of worry. Self-report measures were completed online for course credit. Results: Partially consistent with our hypotheses, uncertainty paralysis predicted greater levels of coping motives, but not conformity motives. Desire for predictability did not predict either drinking motive. Mediation analyses revealed that there was a significant indirect effect of uncertainty paralysis on more hazardous drinking through greater coping motives. Conclusion: Overall, these findings highlight the potential utility of targeting behavioral inhibition due to uncertainty to reduce unhealthy coping via alcohol use and subsequent hazardous alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica G Bimstein
- Anxiety Disorders Center, Hartford Hospital/Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Emily M O'Bryan
- Anxiety Disorders Center, Hartford Hospital/Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
- Endicott College, Beverly, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Anishka Jean
- Anxiety Disorders Center, Hartford Hospital/Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alison C McLeish
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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4
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Pitel M, Phan O, Bonnaire C, Hamonniere T. Alcohol Use, Anxiety and Depression among French Grandes Écoles Engineering Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20085590. [PMID: 37107872 PMCID: PMC10138594 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In French Grandes Écoles, heavy alcohol consumption seems to be generalized and largely tolerated, leading to particular concerns about Alcohol Use Disorder and harmful alcohol practices among students. The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased psychological difficulties, and two coexisting scenarios seemed to emerge regarding alcohol consumption: A decrease in alcohol consumption linked to the absence of festive events, and an increase in solitary alcohol consumption to cope with lockdowns. The aim of this exploratory study is to investigate the evolution of alcohol consumption, consumption motives and the relationship of these factors to the anxiety and the depression of French Grandes Écoles students during the COVID-19 pandemic, depending on their residential status. After the last lockdown, 353 students completed a questionnaire measuring alcohol consumption, motivation to drink, anxiety and depression during and after the COVID-19 period. Although students confined to campus were more likely to increase their alcohol use, they also presented higher well-being scores than those who lived off campus. A significant proportion of students were aware of their increased alcohol use due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the motives attributed to their increased consumption highlight the need for vigilance and specialized support facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Pitel
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université Paris Cité, F-92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France; (M.P.); (C.B.)
| | - Olivier Phan
- Centre de Soins d’Accompagnement et de Prévention en Addictologie Pierre Nicole, Croix-Rouge Française, 75005 Paris, France
- Service d’addictologie à l’adolescence, Clinique Dupré, Fondation Santé des Etudiants de France, Sceaux, 75005 Paris, France
- CESP Unité INSERM, 75005 Paris, France
- Laboratoire Parallélisme, UVSQ Paris, Saclay, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Céline Bonnaire
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université Paris Cité, F-92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France; (M.P.); (C.B.)
- Centre de Soins d’Accompagnement et de Prévention en Addictologie Pierre Nicole, Croix-Rouge Française, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tristan Hamonniere
- Service d’addictologie à l’adolescence, Clinique Dupré, Fondation Santé des Etudiants de France, Sceaux, 75005 Paris, France
- UR Clipsyd, Université Paris Nanterre, 92001 Nanterre, France
- Correspondence:
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Moustafa AA, Alvinia NP, Liu L, Richard Y, Hanafy AA, Bagadood NH, Hamza EA. Drinking motives as a predictor of readiness to change alcohol use. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04245-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AbstractDrinking motives have been identified as important predictors of alcohol consumption. Similarly, the degree of readiness to change (RTC) can predict behavioral changes when drinking alcohol. However, the link between drinking motives and RTC has not been explored in previous research. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the four drinking motives (coping, enhancement, social, conformity) can predict the three stages of RTC (precontemplation, contemplation and action) in relation to alcohol consumption. Two hundred and fifty-two undergraduates’ students completed an online self-assessment survey on Qualtrics that assessed motives for alcohol use, drinking behavior, and RTC. Hierarchical regressions showed that among the four specific drinking motives, coping motives significantly predicted all three stages of RTC; conformity motives positively predicted the action stage of change; social motives negatively predicted the precontemplation and action stages of change; enhancement motives were not significant in predicting RTC stages. These results indicate that the three RTC levels can be predicted by coping, social, and conformity motives, but not by enhancement motives. Additionally, given the importance of coping motives, it might be useful to address and include healthier coping mechanisms as part of clinical interventions and prevention methods to circumvent unsafe drinking behaviors independent of a single RTC stage.
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Bernusky HCR, Rapinda KK, Single A, Bilevicius E, Foot M, Ellery M, Keough MT, Johnson EA. Examining Subtypes of Emerging Adult Situational Drinking: A Replication and Extension Study. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:96-104. [PMID: 34753393 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2021.1990337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Emerging adulthood is associated with heavy drinking. Despite overall heavy use, studies show considerable heterogeneity in emerging adult drinking habits. Lau-Barraco and colleagues (2016 b) identified three subtypes (high, moderate, low) of emerging adult heavy drinkers based on patterns of use across common drinking situations. Heavy situational drinkers had more alcohol problems, mental health symptoms, and coping/conformity motives for alcohol use.Objective: Our goal was to replicate and extend the aforementioned study, expecting to find the same subgroups, then examining whether certain risk factors predicted subgroup membership.Methods/Results: Undergraduates (N = 497) completed online self-report measures and a latent profile analysis (LPA) found support for three similar subtypes; low, "moderate" (higher endorsement of pleasant emotion/social pressure situations, relative to the low group), and high. Univariate ANOVAs, followed by pairwise comparisons, found that heavy situational drinkers scored highest on measures of alcohol problems, problem gambling, drug use, depression, and anxiety compared to the other two groups, and consistent with previous findings.Conclusions: This study showed that emerging adults who drink heavily across various situations are likely to engage in other addictive behaviors and struggle with mental health symptoms. Identifying one's personal risk factors and their riskiest drinking situations is critical for developing targeted intervention programs and increasing the understanding of the heterogeneous nature of drinking behaviors in emerging adults in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karli K Rapinda
- Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Alanna Single
- Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Melody Foot
- Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Michael Ellery
- Psychology, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Matthew T Keough
- Psychology, York University - Keele Campus, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Moon TJ, Mathias CW, Mullen J, Karns-Wright TE, Hill-Kapturczak N, Roache JD, Dougherty DM. Social Support and the Rehabilitation of Alcohol-Impaired Drivers: Drinking Motives as Moderators. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2021; 36:540-550. [PMID: 32091242 PMCID: PMC7483183 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2020.1731914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol-impaired driving is a common and costly public health problem associated with alcohol misuse. This investigation aims to understand the role of social support and drinking motives in motivating alcohol-impaired drivers to reduce alcohol use. One hundred nineteen participants with a history of driving-while-intoxicated arrest were recruited from either a correctional treatment facility (n = 59) or the community (n = 60) and asked about their motivation to change alcohol use. Motivation to change was tested in relationships with two types of social support (i.e. Abstinence-Specific Social Support and General Social Support) and drinking motives (Coping, Enhancement, and Social Motives). The results showed: (1) only Abstinence-Specific Social Support was positively associated with motivation to change; (2) Coping and Social Motives had a negative association with motivation to change; (3) the impact of Abstinence-Specific Social Support on motivation to change was greater among those with a stronger Enhancement Motives. In other words, those who drink primarily for pleasure showed a greater increase in motivation to change when more Abstinence-Specific Social Support is available, compared to those with lower Enhancement Motives. The findings of this investigation contribute to our knowledge of the roles of communication in the rehabilitation of alcohol-impaired drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Joon Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Charles W. Mathias
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Jillian Mullen
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Tara E. Karns-Wright
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | | | - John D. Roache
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Donald M. Dougherty
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
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8
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Bollen Z, Pabst A, Creupelandt C, Fontesse S, Lannoy S, Pinon N, Maurage P. Prior drinking motives predict alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 lockdown: A cross-sectional online survey among Belgian college students. Addict Behav 2021; 115:106772. [PMID: 33418433 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the resulting lockdown measures have raised concerns regarding their effect on alcohol consumption. We investigated alcohol use during lockdown in a population of college students, usually characterized by social and heavy drinking. We also tested the predictive role of pre-lockdown drinking motives on alcohol consumption during lockdown. We collected data from 1951 French-speaking Belgian students during the lockdown period (April 1st - May 3rd, 2020) through a cross-sectional online survey. Participants self-reported their daily alcohol consumption (1) during a typical week in normal circumstances (i.e., before lockdown), and (2) since lockdown onset. We also assessed drinking motives and severity of alcohol use before lockdown. Our findings showed that 68.2% of the sample reported a lower alcohol consumption during lockdown compared to before lockdown, 17.2% conversely reporting a higher consumption. Enhancement, social and coping motives were all associated with heavy drinking before lockdown. Enhancement and social motives predicted lower alcohol consumption during lockdown among heavy drinkers. Conversely, coping motives, as well as social motives among low drinkers, predicted higher consumption during lockdown. Conformity motives, as well as enhancement motives among low and moderate drinkers, did not predict alcohol consumption before or during lockdown. Overall, several pre-lockdown drinking motives reliably predicted alcohol consumption during lockdown and could thus be used to identify at-risk populations and to tailor intervention programs on alcohol misuse during sanitary crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoé Bollen
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Coralie Creupelandt
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sullivan Fontesse
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Séverine Lannoy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Pinon
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Belgium & De Vinci Higher Education School, Louvain-la-Neuve, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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9
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Hartmann SA, McLeish AC. Associations Between Transdiagnostic Cognitive-Affective Vulnerability Factors, Negative Reinforcement Drinking Motives, and Problematic Alcohol Use among Undergraduates. J Dual Diagn 2021; 17:13-22. [PMID: 33170111 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2020.1828671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, and emotion regulation difficulties have each demonstrated significant individual associations with problematic alcohol use and negative reinforcement motives for alcohol use among college students. However, extant research has yet to examine these three factors simultaneously with regard to the possibility of differential associations with alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems and coping and conformity motives for alcohol use. As such, the present study sought to examine whether such differential associations exist within a sample of undergraduates reporting past year alcohol use. Methods: Participants were 379 undergraduate students reporting alcohol use in the past year who completed self-report measures for course credit. Results: After controlling for the effects of sex, lifetime marijuana use status, and negative affectivity, greater anxiety sensitivity social concerns and difficulties with emotional awareness were associated with more alcohol-related problems. Greater anxiety sensitivity social concerns and impulse control difficulties were associated with greater conformity alcohol use motives, and greater impulse control and emotional clarity difficulties were associated with greater coping motives. Conclusions: These findings suggest that greater fears of anxiety symptoms because of their potential negative social consequences and certain emotion regulation difficulties (i.e., impulse control, emotional clarity, emotional awareness) may be particularly problematic because they are associated with alcohol-related problems and negative reinforcement motives for use among undergraduates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Hartmann
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Alison C McLeish
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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10
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van Gils Y, Franck E, Dierckx E, van Alphen SPJ, Dom G. The Role of Psychological Distress in the Relationship between Drinking Motives and Hazardous Drinking in Older Adults. Eur Addict Res 2021; 27:33-41. [PMID: 32434195 DOI: 10.1159/000507664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drinking motives seem to be the most proximal predictors of alcohol outcomes. Consequently, these are an essential factor to consider as they may influence the extent to which alcohol is used in a risky way, even in older adults. OBJECTIVE We studied the moderating effect of distress on the relationship between drinking motives and drinking behaviour in a community-dwelling older adult sample. METHOD In a retrospective cross-sectional research study, participants were community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older. All respondents completed a questionnaire covering the Drinking Motives Questionnaire (DMQ), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and the General Severity Index (GSI) of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). RESULTS In this sample of 1,148 older adults, drinking motives and hazardous alcohol use were associated (enhancement motives r = 0.478, p < 0.001; coping motives r = 0.367, p < 0.001; and social motives r = 0.235, p < 0.001). Furthermore, moderation analysis showed that older adults drinking predominantly for enhancement or coping motives (respectively, β = 0.433, CI [95%] = 2.557-3.222 and β = 0.327, CI [95%] = 1.077-1.491, p < 0.001), and older adults who had higher levels of psychological distress (β = 2.518, CI [95%] = 2.017-3.019, p < 0.001) were more likely to report higher degree of hazardous alcohol use. CONCLUSION The relations between coping drinking motives and enhancement drinking motives on hazardous drinking depended on the level of distress. The associations between drinking for coping and drinking for enhancement were stronger in high levels of distress. Although causality cannot be interpreted from cross-sectional data, tackling psychological distress and drinking to cope with negative affect or to enhance positive affect might have strong effects on reducing hazardous drinking behaviour among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannic van Gils
- Faculty of Medicine and Social Science, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium, .,Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, Free University Brussel, Elsene, Belgium,
| | - Erik Franck
- Faculty of Medicine and Social Science, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Eva Dierckx
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, Free University Brussel, Elsene, Belgium.,Alexianen Zorggroep Tienen, Psychiatric Hospital, Tienen, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan P J van Alphen
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, Free University Brussel, Elsene, Belgium.,Clinical Centre of Excellence for Personality Disorders in Older Adults, Mondriaan Hospital, Heerlen-Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Dom
- Alexianen Zorggroep Multiversum, Psychiatric Hospital, Boechout, Belgium.,Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Antwerp University (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
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11
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Collin V, O’Selmo E, Whitehead P. Stress, psychological distress, burnout and perfectionism in UK dental students. Br Dent J 2020; 229:605-614. [DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2281-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Individual differences in distress, impulsivity, and coping motives for use as predictors of problematic ecstasy use. Addict Behav 2020; 108:106397. [PMID: 32353691 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ecstasy users who report problematic use of ecstasy experience adverse social, psychological, and health-related consequences not reported by non-problem users. Relatively little is known about the risk factors for the development of problematic ecstasy use. Such information would be valuable for targeted intervention, prevention, and education AIMS: The current study aimed to fill this gap by investigating several hypothesised risk factors for problematic use and the relationships between them. METHODS Self-reported impulsivity, psychological distress, sex, and coping motives for ecstasy use were investigated as predictors of problematic ecstasy use in a cross-sectional online survey. RESULTS The sample consisted of 483 individuals (60.5% male, 38.3% female, 1.2% other) aged 18-62 years, reporting ecstasy use on an average of 59.7 occasions (SD = 167.8). Both higher self-reported impulsivity and psychological distress predicted problem ecstasy use, and both these relationships were partially mediated by coping motives. When these variables were examined in a combined mediation model accounting for their covariance, psychological distress still predicted problematic use partially via an effect on coping motives, while impulsivity showed only a direct effect on problem use. No sex differences in problem ecstasy use were observed. CONCLUSIONS Increased trait impulsivity and psychological distress appear to confer greater risk of problematic ecstasy use. Targeting these factors, as well as coping motives for ecstasy use, may be useful in efforts to prevent and reduce problematic ecstasy use among those who use the drug.
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13
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Levitt EE, Oshri A, Clifton A, Stout R, Costello MJ, VanDellen M, Kelly JF, MacKillop J. Psychometric Validation of the Brief Alcohol Social Density Assessment in an Adult Community Sample. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 44:212-218. [PMID: 31828804 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals' social networks exert a strong influence on alcohol use, but valid assessment of network drinking behavior is typically lengthy and high in participant burden. The aim of this study was to validate the Brief Alcohol Social Density Assessment (BASDA), an efficient measure of perceived alcohol use within a person's social network, in a sample of adult drinkers from the general community. Specifically, the convergent, criterion-related, incremental validity and internal validity were investigated by examining the BASDA in relation to other established measures of drinking motives, weekly drinking level, and severity of involvement. METHODS Participants were 903 (56% female) adults who reported drinking in the last year and who completed the BASDA, the Drinking Motives Questionnaire, the Daily Drinking Questionnaire, and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). RESULTS Significant positive correlations were found between the BASDA and drinking motives, drinking quantity, and the AUDIT (rs = 0.21 to 0.51, ps < 0.001), providing support for convergent validity. There was a significantly higher BASDA score for those scoring at or above an AUDIT cutoff for hazardous drinking (p < 0.001), providing support for criterion-related validity. Finally, beyond motives and covariates, the BASDA was significantly associated with total AUDIT score (ΔR2 = 0.09, p < 0.001), indicating its additive contribution and providing support for incremental validity. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed excellent fit, and all items significantly loaded onto a single factor (p < 0.0001), providing evidence of internal validity. The resulting alcohol social density latent variable was significantly and robustly associated with drinks per week and AUDIT total score. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide further support for the BASDA as a valid and efficient measure of social network alcohol density for understanding social influences on alcohol misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Levitt
- From the, Peter Boris Centre for Addiction Research, (EEL, JM), St Joseph's Health Care, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Homewood Research Institute, (EEL, MJC, JM), Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Assaf Oshri
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, (AO), University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Allan Clifton
- Department of Psychological Science, (AC), Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York
| | - Robert Stout
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, (RS), Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | | | - John F Kelly
- Recovery Research Institute, (JFK), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Psychiatry, (JFK), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James MacKillop
- From the, Peter Boris Centre for Addiction Research, (EEL, JM), St Joseph's Health Care, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Homewood Research Institute, (EEL, MJC, JM), Guelph, ON, Canada
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Montag C, Schivinski B, Sariyska R, Kannen C, Demetrovics Z, Pontes HM. Psychopathological Symptoms and Gaming Motives in Disordered Gaming-A Psychometric Comparison between the WHO and APA Diagnostic Frameworks. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1691. [PMID: 31618950 PMCID: PMC6832511 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 'Gaming Disorder' (GD) has received increased medical attention and official recognition from both the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Although these two medical organizations have independently developed promising clinical diagnostic frameworks to assess disordered gaming, little is known about how these frameworks compare at different psychometric levels in terms of producing consistent outcomes in the assessment of GD. METHODS A sample of 1429 German gamers (Meanage = 29.74 years; SD = 12.37 years) completed an online survey including measures on different psychopathological symptoms (depression, loneliness and attention problems), gaming motives and disordered gaming according to the WHO and APA frameworks. RESULTS The findings suggest the existence of minor discrepancies in the estimation of prevalence rates of GD according among the two frameworks. Nevertheless, both diagnostic frameworks are fairly consistent in the psychometric prediction of GD in relation to gaming motives and psychopathological symptoms. The findings underscore the role of key gaming motives as risk factors and protective factors across both diagnostic frameworks. Finally, the study provides support for the WHO diagnostic framework for GD and its measurement with the German Gaming Disorder Test (GDT). The findings and their implications are further discussed in terms of clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Bruno Schivinski
- School of Media and Communication, RMIT University, VIC 3000 Melbourne, Australia.
- The International Cyberpsychology and Addictions Research Laboratory (iCARL), University of Tasmania, TAS 7005 Launceston, Australia.
| | - Rayna Sariyska
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | | | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1064 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Halley M Pontes
- The International Cyberpsychology and Addictions Research Laboratory (iCARL), University of Tasmania, TAS 7005 Launceston, Australia.
- Division of Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, TAS 7005 Launceston, Australia.
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Pedrelli P, MacPherson L, Khan AJ, Shapero BG, Fisher LB, Nyer M, Cassano P, Parnarouskis L, Farabaugh A, Fava M, Silveri MM. Sex Differences in the Association between Heavy Drinking and Behavioral Distress Tolerance and Emotional Reactivity Among Non-Depressed College Students. Alcohol Alcohol 2019; 53:674-681. [PMID: 29947730 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agy045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heavy episodic drinking (HED) is a common behavior among college students that is associated with severe negative consequences. Negative reinforcement processes have been applied to elucidate mechanisms underlying relationships between consumption of alcohol and the desire to alleviate negative feelings. Distress tolerance (DT) and emotional reactivity are two mechanisms that are consistent with the self-medication model that may contribute to HED. The current study investigated relationships between DT, emotional reactivity, defined as frustration reactivity and irritability reactivity, and HED in a non-depressed college population. Given differential patterns of consumption and motivation for drinking between males and females, sex differences were also examined. Short Summary The study examined two constructs consistent with negative reinforcement processes, behavioral distress tolerance (DT) and emotional reactivity (frustration reactivity and irritability reactivity), to explain heavy episodic drinking (HED) among non-depressed college students. Behavioral DT and frustration reactivity independently predicted HED. Higher HED was associated with higher frustration reactivity and lower behavioral DT in women, but nor in men. Methods One-hundred-ten college students without depressive symptoms completed alcohol use measures and the Paced Auditory Serial Attention Task (PASAT-C) to assess behavioral DT and emotional reactivity. Results DT and frustration reactivity independently predicted HED. The association between DT and HED was moderated by sex such that higher levels of DT predicted higher HED among females, but not among males. Higher frustration reactivity scores were associated with a greater number of HED. Conclusions Results provide supporting evidence that DT and emotional reactivity are distinct factors, and that they predict HED independently. Results underscore the importance of examining sex differences when evaluating the association between HED and negative reinforcement processes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Pedrelli
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Clinical Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura MacPherson
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amanda J Khan
- Emotion and Learning Lab, Department of Psychology, Suffolk University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin G Shapero
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Clinical Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren B Fisher
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Clinical Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maren Nyer
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Clinical Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Cassano
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Clinical Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lindsey Parnarouskis
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Clinical Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy Farabaugh
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Clinical Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maurizio Fava
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Clinical Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marisa M Silveri
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopmental Laboratory on Addictions and Mental Health, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
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Jiménez R, Anupol J, Cajal B, Gervilla E. Data mining techniques for drug use research. Addict Behav Rep 2018; 8:128-135. [PMID: 30263927 PMCID: PMC6156801 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug use motives are relevant to understand substance use amongst students. Data mining techniques present some advantages that can help to improve our understanding of drug use issue. The aim of this paper is to explore, through data mining techniques, the reasons why students use drugs. A random cluster sampling of schools was conducted in the island of Mallorca. Participants were 9300 students (52.9% girls) aged between 14 and 18 years old (M = 15.59, SD = 1.17). They answered an anonymous questionnaire about the frequency and type of drug used, as well as the motives. Five classifiers techniques are compared; all of them have much better performance (% of correct classifications) than the simplest classifier (more repeated category: drug use/never drug use) in all the compared drugs (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, cocaine). Nevertheless, alcohol and tobacco have the lower percentage of correct classifications concerning the drug use motives, whereas these use motives have better classification performance when predicts cannabis and cocaine use. When we analyse the specific motives that better predicts the category classification (drug use/never drug use), the following reasons are highlighted in all of them: "pleasant activity" (most frequent among drug users), and "friends consume" and "addiction" (both of them most frequent among never drug users). These results relate to the social dimension of drug use and agree with the statement that environmental context influences adolescent's involvement in risk behaviours. Implications of these results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elena Gervilla
- University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra. Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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17
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Loose T, Acier D, El-Baalbaki G. Drinking motives as mediators between personality traits and alcohol use among young French people. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Kelley ML, Ehlke SJ, Lewis RJ, Braitman AL, Bostwick W, Heron KE, Lau-Barraco C. Sexual Coercion, Drinking to Cope Motives, and Alcohol-Related Consequences among Self-Identified Bisexual Women. Subst Use Misuse 2018; 53:1146-1157. [PMID: 29278972 PMCID: PMC5935574 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1400565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given higher sexual victimization and greater alcohol use among bisexual women, a critical public health challenge is to understand within-group variation that may heighten or explain these associations in bisexual women. OBJECTIVES The present study tested a moderated-mediation model in which sexual coercion was hypothesized to be associated with alcohol-related consequences via drinking to cope motives in self-identified bisexual women who reported at least occasional binge drinking. Negative affect was hypothesized to moderate the sexual coercion-drinking to cope motives association. METHODS Participants were a community sample of 107 self-identified bisexual women (age M = 20.97, SD = 2.11) who completed an online survey and reported at least one binge drinking episode as well as engaging in sexual activity in the past 30 days. RESULTS Of these participants, 57 (53.3%) reported one or more experiences of sexual coercion in the past 30 days. Sexual coercion was associated with negative alcohol-related consequences via drinking to cope motives. Negative affect moderated the association between sexual coercion and drinking to cope motives such that the association was stronger among women with greater negative affect. Conclusions/Importance: Methods of addressing vulnerability to sexual coercion and educating young bisexual women about the association between sexual coercion and potentially problematic affective coping through alcohol use are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Kelley
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Sarah J. Ehlke
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Robin J. Lewis
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Abby L. Braitman
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Wendy Bostwick
- Health Systems Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kristin E. Heron
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Cathy Lau-Barraco
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
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Lau-Barraco C, Linden-Carmichael AN, Hequembourg A, Pribesh S. Motivations and Consequences of Alcohol Use among Heavy Drinking Nonstudent Emerging Adults. JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT RESEARCH 2017; 32:667-695. [PMID: 29151670 DOI: 10.1177/0743558416630812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that nonstudent emerging adults may be at elevated risk for alcohol-related problems in adulthood. The present study utilized a qualitative approach to broaden our understanding of the drinking-related perceptions and experiences of heavy drinking nonstudents, with the ultimate goal of generating meaningful knowledge that could aid intervention planning. Research aims were to identify nonstudent (1) drinking motivations and (2) drinking consequences. Eleven focus groups were conducted (n = 64 participants). Data analytic techniques were used to code transcripts and generate themes emerging from the group data. Analyses revealed three main themes emerged regarding nonstudent reasons for drinking (i.e., emotional, social, enhanced experiences). Four prominent themes were identified for drinking consequences (i.e., physical health, psychological health, risk-taking, life functioning). Our findings underscore several considerations related to intervening with this at-risk and understudied population.
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20
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Loose T, Acier D. Drinking motives and alcohol consumption behaviors among young French people. Addict Behav 2017; 72:120-125. [PMID: 28395247 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous studies suggest that social, enhancement, conformity and coping drinking motives each lead to unique behavioral patterns related to alcohol consumption. Recently it has been suggested to study specific coping motives that distinguish feelings of anxiety and depression. This study aims primarily to 1) psychometrically validate the recent five factor questionnaire of drinking motives among young French people, 2) explore differences in mean endorsements of motives across age and sex and 3) explore the concurrent validity of drinking motives by studying their associations with alcohol consumption behaviors. METHODS The French Modified Drinking Motives Questionnaire Revised and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test were administered to 314 university students and 193 high school students. RESULTS The 5-factor model of drinking motives provided a good fit to the data and a better fit than the 4-factor model. Conformity motives were more strongly endorsed among high school students than among university students (d=0.26). Social motives were more endorsed by men than by women (d=0.47), as were enhancement motives (d=0.48). Our study suggests that each of the studied motives transcribes a specific set of drinking behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Researchers and practitioners could effectively use this conception of drinking motives in order to better understand and prevent problematic alcohol use among young people.
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Vincke E, Vyncke P. Does Alcohol Catch the Eye? Investigating Young Adults' Attention to Alcohol Consumption. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 15:1474704917730207. [PMID: 28946754 PMCID: PMC10638873 DOI: 10.1177/1474704917730207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Many studies on young adults' motivations for drinking overlook the symbolic aspects of alcohol use. However, research indicates that young adults' alcohol consumption is also driven by signaling motivations. Although the interest of a receiver is a necessary prerequisite of a signal, no previous studies have verified whether drinking behavior indeed attracts young adults' attention. Therefore, we conducted two studies. A two-part eye-tracking study ( N1 = 135, N2 = 140) showed that both young men and young women pay special visual attention to male and female drinking behavior. Additionally, a recall experiment ( N = 321) confirmed that observed male and female drinking is better remembered than observed nonsignaling, functional behavior. Moreover, alcoholic beverages also receive special attention, as they were recalled better than other functional products, and also nonalcoholic drinks similar in color and shape. In summary, the experiments clearly showed that male and female drinking behavior can be used as a signal, as both behaviors clearly function as an attention-attracting cue. Additionally, as alcoholic beverages draw more attention than nonalcoholic drinks, this attention is clearly linked to the alcohol element of the drinking behavior.
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22
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Pompili S, Laghi F. Binge eating and binge drinking among adolescents: The role of drinking and eating motives. J Health Psychol 2017; 24:1505-1516. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105317713359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the motivations underlying binge eating and binge drinking in a sample of 302 adolescents. Our findings showed that binge eating was significantly correlated with gender, environmental, emotional, and social eating. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that emotional and environmental eating were significant positive predictors of binge eating, whereas binge drinking was significantly correlated with enhancement, social, and coping motives. Only enhancement motives were significant predictors of binge drinking. Our results support the argument that the reasons underlying binge eating and binge drinking in adolescents may be similar and may perform the same function.
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Woods-Jaeger BA, Nobles RH, Warren L, Larimer ME. The Relationship between Emotion Regulation, Social Support, and Alcohol-Related Problems among Racially Diverse Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2017; 25:245-251. [PMID: 28190949 DOI: 10.1080/1067828x.2015.1012611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard H Nobles
- Truman Medical Center, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, 300 SE 2 Street, Suite 100, Lees Summit, MO 64063
| | - Linnea Warren
- RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Avenue #600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Mary E Larimer
- Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors (CSHRB), Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (PBSCI), University of Washington 1100 NE 45th, Suite 300, Office 312 Box 354944 Seattle, WA 98105
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Devos G, Challet-Bouju G, Burnay J, Maurage P, Grall-Bronnec M, Billieux J. Adaptation and validation of the Gambling Motives Questionnaire-Financial (GMQ-F) in a sample of French-speaking gamblers. INTERNATIONAL GAMBLING STUDIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2016.1264080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Devos
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Gaëlle Challet-Bouju
- CHU de Nantes, Department of Addictology and Psychiatry, Clinical Investigation Unit ‘Behavioral Addictions and Complex Mood Disorders’, Nantes, France
- EA 4275 SPHERE ‘MethodS for Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth Research’, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jonathan Burnay
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Marie Grall-Bronnec
- CHU de Nantes, Department of Addictology and Psychiatry, Clinical Investigation Unit ‘Behavioral Addictions and Complex Mood Disorders’, Nantes, France
- EA 4275 SPHERE ‘MethodS for Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth Research’, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Joël Billieux
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Internet and Gambling Disorders Clinic, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Pedrelli P, Collado A, Shapero BG, Brill C, MacPherson L. Different pathways explain alcohol-related problems in female and male college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2016; 64:535-44. [PMID: 27219280 PMCID: PMC5021447 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2016.1191016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Comprehensive models elucidating the intricate associations of depressive symptoms, coping motives, alcohol use, alcohol-related problems (ARPs), and gender among young adults have been scarcely examined. This study investigated relationships among these variables and the effect of gender on these pathways. METHODS College students (N = 163; 49.7% female) completed self-report measures on alcohol consumption, depressive symptoms, coping motives, and ARPs. RESULTS Structural equation modeling showed that the association between depressive symptoms and ARPs was mediated by coping motives in both females and males. However, frequency of heavy alcohol use mediated the association between depressive symptoms and ARPs in females but not in males. CONCLUSIONS Different models explain the association between depressive symptoms and ARPs in male and female college students. Prevention programs aimed at reducing ARPs should focus on increasing alcohol screening among students with depressive symptoms, teaching coping skills, and emphasizing moderation in alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Pedrelli
- a Depression Clinical Research Program , Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Anahi Collado
- b Department of Psychology , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland , USA
| | - Benjamin G Shapero
- a Depression Clinical Research Program , Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Charlotte Brill
- c Department of Psychology , University of Seattle , Seattle , Washington , USA
| | - Laura MacPherson
- b Department of Psychology , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland , USA
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Motos Sellés P, Cortés Tomás MT, Giménez Costa JA. Edad de inicio en el consumo, motivos y cantidad de alcohol en la determinación de consecuencias en consumidores intensivos universitarios. UNIVERSITAS PSYCHOLOGICA 2016. [DOI: 10.11144/javeriana.upsy15-2.edcm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Las implicaciones clínicas y sociales derivadas del consumo intensivo de alcohol (CIA) en universitarios motivan la necesidad de analizar los factores que favorecen su aparición. Este estudio evalúa cómo influye la cantidad de alcohol ingerido, la edad de inicio en el consumo de esta sustancia y los motivos asociados a esta conducta en la presencia de un mayor o menor número de consecuencias psicosociales.
312 estudiantes de primero de la Universidad de Valencia que realizan CIA cumplimentaron el instrumento IECI (Cortés et al., 2012): autoregistro de consumo, motivos asociados a esta ingesta y consecuencias psicosociales derivadas.
Se confirman resultados de investigaciones precedentes. Ambos sexos duplican los gramos de alcohol que definen un CIA. Aparecen diferencias en los efectos esperados en función del sexo, así como en la edad de inicio en el consumo y en el número de consecuencias experimentadas.
Los análisis de regresión de orden jerárquico muestran la importancia de la edad de inicio y los motivos, por encima de los gramos consumidos, para dar cuenta del deterioro psicosocial generado por la ingesta. Esto apoya la necesidad de atender a la combinación de variables en la explicación y posterior intervención para paliar las consecuencias derivadas del CIA.
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Problem Drinking, Gambling and Eating Among Undergraduate University Students. What are the Links? Int J Ment Health Addict 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-015-9598-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Laas K, Reif A, Akkermann K, Kiive E, Domschke K, Lesch KP, Veidebaum T, Harro J. Neuropeptide S receptor gene variant and environment: contribution to alcohol use disorders and alcohol consumption. Addict Biol 2015; 20:605-16. [PMID: 24754478 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The functional polymorphism Asn(107) Ile (rs324981, A > T) of the neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR1) gene is involved in the modulation of traits that affect alcohol use. Hence, we have examined whether the NPSR1 A/T polymorphism is associated with alcohol use disorders (AUD) and alcohol use in a population-representative sample. Lifetime AUD were assessed by the MINI psychiatric interview (n = 501) in the older cohort of the longitudinal Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study at age 25. Alcohol use, environmental adversities and personality were reported by both the younger (original n = 583) and the older cohort (original n = 593) in three study waves. NPSR1 associations with AUD and alcohol use differed by sex. In females, both AUD [odds ratio (OR) = 7.20 (0.94-55.0), P = 0.029] and harmful alcohol use were more prevalent in A-allele carriers. In contrast, in males, AUD was more frequent in T-allele carriers [OR = 2.75 (1.19-6.36), P = 0.017], especially if exposed to adverse environments at age 15 [OR = 10 (1.18-84.51), P = 0.019]. Alcohol use was higher in male T-allele carriers at ages 15 and 18 as well. Similarly to females, however, the risk allele for higher alcohol use for males at age 25 was the A-allele. Many of the effects on alcohol use were explained by genotype effects on measures of personality. In the general population, the NPSR1 Asn(107) Ile polymorphism is associated with AUD and alcohol consumption, dependent on sex, environment and age. The results are in line with the impulsivity and personality regulating role of the NPSR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kariina Laas
- Department of Psychology; University of Tartu; Estonia
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy; University of Würzburg; Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center; University of Würzburg; Germany
| | | | - Evelyn Kiive
- Department of Psychology; University of Tartu; Estonia
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy; University of Würzburg; Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy; University of Würzburg; Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center; University of Würzburg; Germany
- Department of Neuroscience; School of Mental Health and Neuroscience; Maastricht University; The Netherlands
| | | | - Jaanus Harro
- Department of Psychology; University of Tartu; Estonia
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Lee EK, Kim OS, Hong JY. Characteristics and Factors Associated with Problem Drinking in Male Workers. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2015; 9:132-7. [PMID: 26160242 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the characteristics and factors related to problem drinking in male workers. METHODS This study was conducted using a cross-sectional survey and 232 male workers, who completed self-reported questionnaires addressing alcohol consumption, drinking motives, job stress, supervisor/coworker support, and family support. Multivariate analysis was used to uncover factors associated with problem drinking. RESULTS As compared with normal alcohol users, problem drinkers were more likely to smoke and had greater family support and coping motivations, and fewer confirmatory motives. Problem drinking was found to be related to perceived health status (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.64, 0.95]), current smoking (adjusted OR = 2.79, 95% CI [1.26, 6.18]), family support (adjusted OR = 2.04, 95% CI [1.23, 3.39]), confirmatory motivation (adjusted OR = 0.60, 95% CI [0.37, 0.96]), and coping (adjusted OR = 1.79, 95% CI [1.04, 3.07]). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that any interventions targeting problem drinking among male workers must address smoking cessation, control of stress, and the improvement of drinking subculture in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Lee
- College of Nursing, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Ok Soo Kim
- Division of Nursing Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Hong
- Department of Nursing Science, Howon University, Gunsan, South Korea
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Schwartz SJ, Hardy SA, Zamboanga BL, Meca A, Waterman AS, Picariello S, Luyckx K, Crocetti E, Kim SY, Brittian AS, Roberts SE, Whitbourne SK, Ritchie RA, Brown EJ, Forthun LF. Identity in young adulthood: Links with mental health and risky behavior. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 36:39-52. [PMID: 34334855 PMCID: PMC8319849 DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to contribute to our understanding of young adult identity development by deriving latent profiles from intrapersonal and interpersonal indices of identity synthesis and confusion. A sample of 9737 college-attending young adults completed measures of identity, mental health, and health risk behaviors. Four latent profiles emerged: Synthesized (high synthesis, low confusion), Diffused (moderate synthesis, high confusion), Elevated (high synthesis and confusion), and Moderate (moderate synthesis and confusion). The Synthesized profile was associated with the highest well-being and the lowest levels of internalizing, externalizing, and health risks. The Diffused and Elevated profiles were both associated with low well-being and with high internalizing, externalizing, and risky behaviors - with the Elevated profile highest on all of the negative outcomes. The Moderate profile scored intermediately on well-being, internalizing, externalizing, and health risks. These results are discussed in terms of the role of identity within a successful transition to adulthood.
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Hasking P, Boyes M, Mullan B. Reward and Cognition: Integrating Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory and Social Cognitive Theory to Predict Drinking Behavior. Subst Use Misuse 2015; 50:1316-24. [PMID: 25706443 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2015.1005315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory and Social Cognitive Theory have been applied to understanding drinking behavior. We propose that theoretical relationships between these models support an integrated approach to understanding alcohol use and misuse. OBJECTIVES We aimed to test an integrated model in which the relationships between reward sensitivity and drinking behavior (alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems, and symptoms of dependence) were mediated by alcohol expectancies and drinking refusal self-efficacy. METHODS Online questionnaires assessing the constructs of interest were completed by 443 Australian adults (M age = 26.40, sd = 1.83) in 2013 and 2014. RESULTS Path analysis revealed both direct and indirect effects and implicated two pathways to drinking behavior with differential outcomes. Drinking refusal self-efficacy both in social situations and for emotional relief was related to alcohol consumption. Sensitivity to reward was associated with alcohol-related problems, but operated through expectations of increased confidence and personal belief in the ability to limit drinking in social situations. Conversely, sensitivity to punishment operated through negative expectancies and drinking refusal self-efficacy for emotional relief to predict symptoms of dependence. CONCLUSIONS Two pathways relating reward sensitivity, alcohol expectancies, and drinking refusal self-efficacy may underlie social and dependent drinking, which has implications for development of intervention to limit harmful drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penelope Hasking
- a School of Psychology and Speech Pathology , Curtin University , Bentley , Australia
| | - Mark Boyes
- a School of Psychology and Speech Pathology , Curtin University , Bentley , Australia
| | - Barbara Mullan
- a School of Psychology and Speech Pathology , Curtin University , Bentley , Australia
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Fischer JA, Najman JM, Plotnikova M, Clavarino AM. Quality of life, age of onset of alcohol use and alcohol use disorders in adolescence and young adulthood: Findings from an Australian birth cohort. Drug Alcohol Rev 2014; 34:388-96. [DOI: 10.1111/dar.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jane A. Fischer
- Pharmacy Australia Centre for Excellence; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia
| | - Jackob M. Najman
- School of Population Health; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia
- School of Social Sciences; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia
| | - Maria Plotnikova
- School of Population Health; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia
| | - Alexandra M. Clavarino
- Pharmacy Australia Centre for Excellence; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia
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Glock S, Klapproth F, Müller BCN. Promoting responsible drinking? A mass media campaign affects implicit but not explicit alcohol-related cognitions and attitudes. Br J Health Psychol 2014; 20:482-97. [PMID: 25534991 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rigorous tests are not usually applied to determine whether mass media campaigns that promote responsible drinking are useful, that is whether they lead to responsible drinking or not. In two experiments, we investigated the effectiveness of a mass media campaign that runs in Germany since 2009. This campaign used posters, which emphasized negative alcohol-related outcome expectancies and challenged the positive expectancies. Based on models of alcohol use, we investigated the influence of the campaign on alcohol-related outcome expectancies, implicit and explicit attitudes, and drinking intentions. DESIGN In Experiment 1, we investigated alcohol-related outcome expectancies via ratings and response latencies among 81 young adult light drinkers. Employing an affective priming task, Experiment 2 was designed to assess implicit attitudes before and after mass media campaign exposure among 83 young adult light drinkers. In both experiments, the effects of the posters were investigated before and after poster exposure as well as compared to a control group. RESULTS Experiment 1 revealed that the campaign affected only the implicit associations of young adult drinkers, whereas explicit outcome expectancies remained unaffected. Experiment 2 showed that implicit attitudes towards alcohol were turned into more negative ones, but explicit attitudes as well as drinking intentions were not influenced. CONCLUSIONS The mass media campaign was deemed effective even though its influence occurred on an implicit level. This research highlights the need for experimental investigations of mass media campaigns. Reasons that the findings were obtained on an implicit but not on an explicit level are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Barbara C N Müller
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Slavinskienė J, Žardeckaitė-Matulaitienė K. Importance of alcohol-related expectations and emotional expressivity for prediction of motivation to refuse alcohol in alcohol-dependent patients. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2014; 50:169-74. [PMID: 25323545 DOI: 10.1016/j.medici.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of alcohol-dependent patients' emotional expressivity, alcohol-related expectations and socio-demographic factors for prediction of motivation to refuse alcohol consumption. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study sample consisted of 136 alcohol-dependent patients (100 men and 36 women) undergoing treatment in Kaunas center for addictive disorders. RESULTS Only higher expression of negative alcohol-related expectations (std. beta=0.192, P=0.023), higher emotional impulse intensity (std. beta=0.229, P=0.021) and higher expression of positive emotional expressiveness (std. beta=0.021, P=0.020) as well as gender (std. beta=0.180, P=0.049), education (std. beta=-0.137, P=0.038) and alcohol dependency treatment conditions (members of support group after rehabilitation program) (std. beta=0.288, P=0.001; std. beta=0.608, P=0.001) were significant factors for predicting the different level of alcohol-dependent patients motivation to refuse alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Negative alcohol-related expectations, emotional impulse intensity and positive emotional expressiveness were significant even though quite weak triggers for alcohol-dependent patients' different level of motivation to refuse alcohol consumption. An assumption could be made that by changing these triggers it is possible to change addictive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina Slavinskienė
- Department of Theoretical Psychology, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Haller M, Wang FL, Bountress K, Chassin L. The Interactive Effects of Effort to Regulate Alcohol Use, Anxiety Disorders, and Affective Disorders on Long-Term Remission from Alcohol Dependence. ADDICTION RESEARCH & THEORY 2014; 22:371-379. [PMID: 25342947 PMCID: PMC4203458 DOI: 10.3109/16066359.2013.856885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examined how effort to regulate alcohol use may interact with anxiety and affective disorders to influence long-term remission from alcohol dependence. METHOD Using participants (n= 96; 73% male; 66% children of alcoholics; 71% non-Hispanic Caucasian; 26% Hispanic) from a high-risk community study who showed evidence of recovered alcohol dependence at baseline, the present study examined whether effort to regulate alcohol use at the baseline assessment significantly influenced the likelihood of maintaining remission from alcohol dependence at the 10 year follow-up. This study also examined whether having an anxiety or affective disorder interacted with effort to regulate alcohol use. All analyses controlled for treatment history, baseline alcohol use, parent alcoholism, age, and gender. RESULTS Results from logistic regressions showed that effort to regulate alcohol use had a significant unique main effect on maintenance of remission from alcohol dependence. Having an affective and/or anxiety disorder did not have a significant main effect on the maintenance of remission. However, having an anxiety/affective disorder significantly moderated the influence of effort to regulate alcohol use such that the protective effect of effort to regulate use on remission from alcohol dependence was only significant for those without an affective or anxiety disorder. CONCLUSIONS Individuals who try harder to limit their drinking are more likely to maintain long-term remission from alcohol dependence. However, affective and anxiety disorders may undermine the protective effect of effort to regulate alcohol use on long-term remission.
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Ansker FG, Helgason AR, Ahacic K. The beliefs about pros and cons of drinking and intention to change among hazardous and moderate alcohol users: a population-based cross-sectional study. Eur J Public Health 2014; 24:566-71. [PMID: 24567291 PMCID: PMC4110956 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fundamental to supporting hazardous alcohol users are the rationales for reducing alcohol intake highlighted by the users themselves. This study analyses the relative importance of beliefs about pros and cons of drinking in relation to having an intention to reduce intake among both hazardous and moderate alcohol users. METHODS Intention to change was assessed in a representative sample of Stockholm's population (n = 4278, response rate 56.5%). Alcohol use was assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test measure. A decisional balance inventory was used to examine various beliefs about the pros and cons of drinking, which covered affect changes, social gains and losses, and possible adverse effects. Independent correlations were determined by logistic regression using a backward exclusion procedure (P > 0.05). RESULTS Higher ratings of importance were generally related to intent, whether or not the contrast was with having no intent or already having made a reduction. This was especially true for hazardous users. Only two beliefs were independently correlated with change among hazardous users: 'Drinking could get me addicted' and 'Drinking makes me more relaxed/less tense' (pseudo-R2 < 0.1). Among moderate users, there was no uniform pattern in the relationships. CONCLUSIONS Unexpectedly, hazardous users with an intent to change rated pro arguments as more important than those with no intent to change. Of the investigated pros and cons, only a few were independently related to intention to change drinking behaviour. These arguments provide interesting topics in consultations. Little support was found for any rational decision making behind the intention to reduce alcohol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asgeir R Helgason
- 2 Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden3 Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, 171 29 Solna, Sweden4 Reykjavik University, Iceland
| | - Kozma Ahacic
- 2 Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden3 Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, 171 29 Solna, Sweden
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Pikó B, Varga S. [What motivates smoking and alcohol drinking of young people? A behavioural epidemiologic study]. Orv Hetil 2014; 155:100-5. [PMID: 24412948 DOI: 10.1556/oh.2014.29805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescence is a life period of trying harmful habits. It is helpful for prevention to map youth's motivations. AIM The main goal of the present study was to investigate high school students' motivations related to alcohol and cigarette use. METHOD A questionnaire survey was performed in Debrecen including students from four high schools (n = 501; age range, between 14 and 22 years; mean age, 16.4 years; 34% boys and 66% girls). Beyond descriptive statistics, logistic regression analysis was used to detect odds ratios explaining relationships between substance use and motivations. RESULTS Besides a slight difference in gender, there were significant differences by substance user status in the structure of motivations. In case of alcohol use, social motivation proved to be a predictor. In case of cigarette smoking, besides social motivation, boredom relief and affect regulation (coping) were also significant. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that young people start to smoke cigarette and drink alcohol in social situations due to peer pressure. Therefore, prevention strategies should be built on social skills training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Pikó
- Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Magatartástudományi Intézet Szeged Szentháromság u. 5. 6722
| | - Szabolcs Varga
- Semmelweis Egyetem Mentális Egészségtudományok Doktori Iskola Budapest
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Lyvers M, Lysychka O, Thorberg FA. Alexithymia and drinking in young adults: The role of alcohol-related intrusive thoughts. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rinker DV, Neighbors C. Social influence on temptation: perceived descriptive norms, temptation and restraint, and problem drinking among college students. Addict Behav 2013; 38:2918-23. [PMID: 24064190 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Temptation and restraint have long been associated with problematic drinking. Among college students, social norms are one of the strongest predictors of problematic drinking. To date, no studies have examined the association between temptation and restraint and perceived descriptive norms on drinking and alcohol-related problems among college students. The purpose of this study was to examine whether perceived descriptive norms moderated the relationship between temptation and restraint and drinking outcomes among college students. Participants were 1095 college students from a large, public, culturally-diverse, southern university who completed an online survey about drinking behaviors and related attitudes. Drinks per week and alcohol-related problems were examined as a function of perceived descriptive norms, Cognitive Emotional Preoccupation (CEP) (temptation), and Cognitive Behavioral Control (CBC) (restraint). Additionally, drinking outcomes were examined as a function of the two-way interactions between CEP and perceived descriptive norms and CBC and perceived descriptive norms. Results indicated that CEP and perceived descriptive norms were associated with drinking outcomes. CBC was not associated with drinking outcomes. Additionally, perceived descriptive norms moderated the association between CEP and drinks per week and CEP and alcohol-related problems. There was a positive association between CEP and drinks per week and CEP and alcohol-related problems, especially for those higher on perceived descriptive norms. College students who are very tempted to drink may drink more heavily and experience alcohol-related problems more frequently if they have greater perceptions that the typical student at their university/college drinks a lot.
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Testing the Conjoint Influence of Impulsivity and Drinking Restraint on Alcohol Use Consequences in College Student Drinkers. ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT 2013; 12:148-157. [PMID: 24078794 DOI: 10.1097/adt.0b013e31826ac3f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Impulsivity and drinking restraint play a role in excessive drinking patterns and related negative consequences. Two domains of drinking restraint include preoccupation with thoughts of drinking (CEP) and attempts to control drinking (CBC), which differentially predict varying alcohol use outcomes in clinical and non-clinical samples. However, findings do not replicate across clinical, dependent samples and risky drinking young adults. This study examined the moderating role of dispositional impulsivity on the association between drinking restraint and alcohol consequences among college students to help clarify inconsistencies in the literature. METHODS Data were collected from a sample of college student drinkers (N = 393) on drinking behavior in the past 90 days, alcohol-related problems, dispositional impulsivity, and drinking restraint. RESULTS The association between CBC and alcohol consequences was significantly stronger for those higher than lower in dispositional impulsivity, after controlling for the effects of alcohol consumption. No such relationship was found for those high in trait temptation. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol consequences are greater among those who attempt to control their drinking and who act rashly and without consideration of future consequences; those who are high on trait temptation show no such relationship.
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Kuntsche E, Labhart F. Drinking motives moderate the impact of pre-drinking on heavy drinking on a given evening and related adverse consequences--an event-level study. Addiction 2013; 108:1747-55. [PMID: 23692418 DOI: 10.1111/add.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To test whether (i) drinking motives predict the frequency of pre-drinking (i.e. alcohol consumption before going out); (ii) drinking motives predict HDGE (heavy drinking on a given evening: 4+ for women, 5+ for men) and related adverse consequences (hangover, injuries, blackouts, etc.), even when pre-drinking is accounted for, and (iii) drinking motives moderate the impact of pre-drinking on HDGE and consequences. DESIGN Using the internet-based cellphone-optimized assessment technique (ICAT), participants completed a series of cellphone questionnaires every Thursday, Friday and Saturday evening over 5 weeks. SETTING French-speaking Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS A total of 183 young adults [53% female, mean age (standard deviation) = 23.1 (3.1)] who completed 7828 questionnaires on 1441 evenings. MEASUREMENTS Drinking motives assessed at baseline, alcohol consumption assessed at 8 p.m., 9 p.m., 10 p.m., 11 p.m. and midnight and consequences assessed at 11 a.m. the next day. FINDINGS Gender-separate multi-level models revealed that pre-drinking predicted HDGE (men: B = 2.17, P < 0.001; women: B = 2.12, P < 0.001) and alcohol-related consequences (men: B = 0.24, P < 0.01; women: B = 0.29, P < 0.001). Enhancement motives were found to predict HDGE (B = 0.48, P < 0.05) and related consequences (B = 0.09, P < 0.05) among men, while among women coping motives had the same effect (HDGE: B = 0.73, P < 0.001; consequences: B = 0.13, P < 0.01). With the exception of conformity motives among women (B = 0.54, P < 0.05), however, no drinking motive dimension predicted the frequency of pre-drinking, while coping and conformity motives moderated the impact of pre-drinking on HDGE (men, conformity: B = -1.57, P < 0.05) and its consequences (men, coping: B = -0.46, P < 0.01; women, coping: B = 0.76, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Among young adults in Switzerland, heavy weekend drinking and the related consequences seem to result from the combination of pre-drinking, level of negative reinforcement drinking for women and positive reinforcement drinking for men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kuntsche
- Addiction Switzerland, Research Institute, Lausanne, Switzerland; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Lyvers M, Simons O, Hayes A, Thorberg FA. Drinking motives, alcohol expectancies and alexithymia in young adult social drinkers. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2013. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2012.734538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Kim O, Jeon HO. Relations of drinking motives and alcohol consumption in Korean male office workers. Psychol Rep 2013; 111:963-70. [PMID: 23402060 DOI: 10.2466/18.06.13.pr0.111.6.963-970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The relation between alcohol consumption and drinking motives was investigated among male office workers, 270 adult Korean men (M age = 38.6 yr., SD = 9.2) who were current drinkers. Heavy alcohol drinking was reported by 30.7% of the participants. Social motives had the highest mean score on the drinking motive questionnaire. Participants ages 20 to 29 yr. were more likely to drink for social and enhancement motives than those ages 40 to 49 yr. Participants without spouses reported greater importance of social motives and enhancement motives than those with spouses. Social motives, coping motives, and age-predicted alcohol consumption were regressed on the Quantity-Frequency index. This index score explained 30.5% of the variance in social motives, coping motives, and age. These findings suggest that there is high prevalence of heavy alcohol consumption among Korean office workers, who were likely to drink alcohol to increase sociability and reduce tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksoo Kim
- Division of Nursing Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
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Bramm SM, Cohn AM, Hagman BT. Can Preoccupation with Alcohol Override the Protective Properties of Mindful Awareness on Problematic Drinking? ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT 2013; 12:19-27. [PMID: 23814503 PMCID: PMC3693770 DOI: 10.1097/adt.0b013e31824c886b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the mediating role of drinking restraint- specifically preoccupation with drinking- on the associations between mindful awareness and alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems. METHODS 390 heavy-drinking, undergraduate, college students (52% male) were assessed on measures of mindfulness, drinking restraint, alcohol consumption (prior 90-days), and alcohol-related problems via self-report surveys. RESULTS Mindfulness was negatively associated with alcohol consumption, problems, and both factors of drinking restraint (emotional preoccupation and behavioral constraint). Emotional preoccupation, but not behavioral constraint, statistically mediated these relationships and demonstrated positive associations with both alcohol consumption and related problems. CONCLUSIONS Results replicate previous findings documenting a negative association between mindfulness and alcohol consumption and problems. Statistical mediation models suggest that preoccupation with drinking may be a risk factor that over-rides the health-promoting effects of mindfulness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy M. Cohn
- Department of Criminology, University of South Florida
- Department of Mental Health Law & Policy, University of South Florida
| | - Brett T. Hagman
- Department of Mental Health Law & Policy, University of South Florida
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Grant AM, Brown BB, Moreno MA. The Disparity between Social Drinking Motives and Social Outcomes: A New Perspective on College Student Drinking. COLLEGE STUDENT JOURNAL 2013; 47:96-101. [PMID: 24634551 PMCID: PMC3952875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Students report drinking for social reasons, yet the social benefits of alcohol use are less understood. Associations between social drinking motives, drinking behaviors, and college friendships were examined via in-person interviews with 72 college freshmen from a large Midwestern University. Social drinking motives were significantly associated with drinking behaviors; however, drinking behaviors were not associated with the number of new casual or close friends students made at college. Consistent with previous research, social motives predicted drinking behaviors; however drinking behaviors were unrelated to friendship outcomes. Drinking prevention campaigns might incorporate these findings in an effort to alter college freshmen's social alcohol expectancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Grant
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - B Bradford Brown
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Megan A Moreno
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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Lyvers M, Duff H, Basch V, Edwards MS. Rash impulsiveness and reward sensitivity in relation to risky drinking by university students: potential roles of frontal systems. Addict Behav 2012; 37:940-6. [PMID: 22521364 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two forms of impulsivity, rash impulsiveness and reward sensitivity, have been proposed to reflect aspects of frontal lobe functioning and promote substance use. The present study examined these two forms of impulsivity as well as frontal lobe symptoms in relation to risky drinking by university students. METHODS University undergraduates aged 18-26years completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ), Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe), and a demographics questionnaire assessing age, gender, and age of onset of weekly drinking (AOD). RESULTS AUDIT-defined harmful drinkers reported earlier AOD and scored higher on BIS-11, the Sensitivity to Reward (SR) scale of the SPSRQ, and the Disinhibition and Executive Dysfunction scales of the FrSBe compared to lower risk groups. Differences remained significant after controlling for duration of alcohol exposure. Path analyses indicated that the influence of SR on AUDIT was mediated by FrSBe Disinhibition, whereas the influence of BIS-11 on AUDIT was mediated by both Disinhibition and Executive Dysfunction scales of the FrSBe. CONCLUSIONS Findings tentatively suggest that the influence of rash impulsiveness on drinking may reflect dysfunction in dorsolateral prefrontal and orbitofrontal systems, whereas the influence of reward sensitivity on drinking may primarily reflect orbitofrontal dysfunction. Irrespective of the underlying functional brain systems involved, results appear to be more consistent with a pre-drinking trait interpretation than effects of alcohol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lyvers
- Department of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia.
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LaBrie JW, Ehret PJ, Hummer JF, Prenovost K. Poor adjustment to college life mediates the relationship between drinking motives and alcohol consequences: a look at college adjustment, drinking motives, and drinking outcomes. Addict Behav 2012; 37:379-86. [PMID: 22177614 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined whether the relationship between drinking motives and alcohol-related outcomes was mediated by college adjustment. Participants (N=253) completed an online survey that assessed drinking motives, degree of both positive and negative college adjustment, typical weekly drinking, and past month negative alcohol-related consequences. Structural equation modeling examined negative alcohol consequences as a function of college adjustment, drinking motives, and weekly drinking behavior in college students. Negative college adjustment mediated the relationship between coping drinking motives and drinking consequences. Positive college adjustment was not related to alcohol consumption or consequences. Positive reinforcement drinking motives (i.e. social and enhancement) not only directly predicted consequences, but were partially mediated by weekly drinking and degree of negative college adjustment. Gender specific models revealed that males exhibited more variability in drinking and their positive reinforcement drinking motives were more strongly associated with weekly drinking. Uniquely for females, coping motives were directly and indirectly (via negative adjustment) related to consequences. These findings suggest that interventions which seek to decrease alcohol-related risk may wish to incorporate discussions about strategies for decreasing stress and increasing other factors associated with better college adjustment.
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48
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Norman P, Conner MT, Stride CB. Reasons for binge drinking among undergraduate students: An application of behavioural reasoning theory. Br J Health Psychol 2012; 17:682-98. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8287.2012.02065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cohn AM, Cameron AY, Udo T, Hagman BT, Mitchell J, Bramm S, Ehlke S. Delineating potential mechanisms of implicit alcohol cognitions: drinking restraint, negative affect, and their relationship with approach alcohol associations. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2012; 26:318-24. [PMID: 22369223 DOI: 10.1037/a0027281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Problem drinkers may use alcohol to avoid negative mood states and may develop implicit cognitive associations between negative emotional states and reinforcing properties of drinking. It is paradoxical that attempts to control drinking, such as among those high in drinking restraint, may inadvertently increase desire to drink and subsequent alcohol consumption, and this may be exaggerated under times of emotional distress when urges to drink are high. We examined whether individuals who are high on drinking restraint would demonstrate stronger alcohol-related thoughts elicited by stimuli that represent the desire to use alcohol, in response to stronger versus weaker negative mood arousal. Seventy hazardous drinkers completed measurements of drinking restraint, alcohol consumption, and consequences of use. After being randomized to view negative or positive pictures sets, participants completed an Implicit Association Task (IAT) to test differences in the strength of the association between desire to approach or avoid alcohol or water cues, and then a measurement of subjective craving following the IAT. Regression analyses showed that trait restriction not temptation was positively related to IAT scores, after controlling for relevant covariates and explained 7% of the total variance. Trait temptation not IAT predicted subjective craving. Negative affect was unrelated to IAT scores, singly or in conjunction with measures of drinking restraint, contrary to predictions. In sum, implicit alcohol cognitions are related to attempts to restrict drinking not temptation to drink and are less strongly influenced by mood state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Cohn
- Department of Mental Health Law & Policy, University of South Florida, 13301 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard, MHC 2716, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE High rates of alcohol-related harm have been reported in the European Union, including Ireland, for more than 20 years. This article's goal is to contextualise such rates by examining gender-based pathways to alcohol use disorders from the perspective of those self-identifying as in recovery using data collected midway through this 20-year trend. METHODS Sixteen informants (nine men and seven women) were interviewed between 1998 and 1999 in Dublin, Ireland. Using qualitative methods, informants were asked to reflect upon their experiences of problem drinking and recovery. RESULTS Drinking expectancies, pub-based socialising, social anxiety and perceived social expectations to drink were cited as common pathways to problem drinking by informants, highlighting contradictions in drinking practices and the symbolic functions of alcohol. Drinking contexts identified by informants were public pub-based drinking for men and home-based drinking for women. Primary barriers to problem acceptance centered on pub-based socialising norms and gender-based shame. Benefits of support group membership included establishing new social networks and learning alternative ways to cope with negative emotions. CONCLUSION Consideration of drinking expectancies, the social contexts in which problematic drinking occurs, gender ideologies, the cultural meanings of drinking behaviours, and attention to feelings of isolation or loneliness experienced by those exhibiting problematic consumption behaviours might further understandings of potentially harmful drinking, especially in periods of economic uncertainty.
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