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Tan J, Li S, Sun C, Bao G, Liu M, Jing Z, Fu H, Sun Y, Yang Q, Zheng Y, Wang X, Yang H. A Dose-Dependent Spatiotemporal Response of Angiogenesis Elicited by Zn Biodegradation during the Initial Stage of Bone Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302305. [PMID: 37843190 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) plays a crucial role in bone metabolism and imbues biodegradable Zn-based materials with the ability to promote bone regeneration in bone trauma. However, the impact of Zn biodegradation on bone repair, particularly its influence on angiogenesis, remains unexplored. This study reveals that Zn biodegradation induces a consistent dose-dependent spatiotemporal response in angiogenesis,both in vivo and in vitro. In a critical bone defect model, an increase in Zn release intensity from day 3 to 10 post-surgery is observed. By day 10, the CD31-positive area around the Zn implant significantly surpasses that of the Ti implant, indicating enhanced angiogenesis. Furthermore,angiogenesis exhibits a distance-dependent pattern closely mirroring the distribution of Zn signals from the implant. In vitro experiments demonstrate that Zn extraction fosters the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and upregulates the key genes associated with tube formation, such as HIF-1α and VEGF-A, peaking at a concentration of 22.5 µM. Additionally, Zn concentrations within the range of 11.25-45 µM promote the polarization of M0-type macrophages toward the M2-type, while inhibiting polarization toward the M1-type. These findings provide essential insights into the biological effects of Zn on bone repair, shedding light on its potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chaoyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guo Bao
- Department of Reproduction and Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Meijing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zehao Jing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Hanwei Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microparticles Drug Delivery Technology, Qilu Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Qingmin Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microparticles Drug Delivery Technology, Qilu Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hongtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, 100191, China
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2
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Gholami Farashah MS, Mohammadi A, Javadi M, Soleimani Rad J, Shakouri SK, Meshgi S, Roshangar L. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells' osteogenic potential: superiority or non-superiority to other sources of mesenchymal stem cells? Cell Tissue Bank 2023; 24:663-681. [PMID: 36622494 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-022-10066-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal problems are an increasing issue due to the increase in the global aging population. Different statistics reports show that today, the global population is aging that results in skeletal problems, increased health system costs, and even higher mortality associated with skeletal problems. Common treatments such as surgery and bone grafts are not always effective and in some cases, they can even cause secondary problems such as infections or improper repair. Cell therapy is a method that can be utilized along with common treatments independently. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a very important and efficient source in terms of different diseases, especially bone problems. These cells are present in different tissues such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, placenta, dental pulp, peripheral blood, amniotic fluid and others. Among the types of MSCs, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) are the most widely used source of these cells, which have appeared to be very effective and promising in terms of skeletal diseases, especially compared to the other sources of MSCs. This study focuses on the specific potential and content of BMMSCs from which the specific capacity of these cells originates, and compares their osteogenic potential with other types of MSCs, and also the future directions in the application of BMMSCs as a source for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadegh Gholami Farashah
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Mohammadi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Javadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleimani Rad
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Kazem Shakouri
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahla Meshgi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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3
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Stein M, Elefteriou F, Busse B, Fiedler IA, Kwon RY, Farell E, Ahmad M, Ignatius A, Grover L, Geris L, Tuckermann J. Why Animal Experiments Are Still Indispensable in Bone Research: A Statement by the European Calcified Tissue Society. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:1045-1061. [PMID: 37314012 PMCID: PMC10962000 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Major achievements in bone research have always relied on animal models and in vitro systems derived from patient and animal material. However, the use of animals in research has drawn intense ethical debate and the complete abolition of animal experimentation is demanded by fractions of the population. This phenomenon is enhanced by the reproducibility crisis in science and the advance of in vitro and in silico techniques. 3D culture, organ-on-a-chip, and computer models have improved enormously over the last few years. Nevertheless, the overall complexity of bone tissue cross-talk and the systemic and local regulation of bone physiology can often only be addressed in entire vertebrates. Powerful genetic methods such as conditional mutagenesis, lineage tracing, and modeling of the diseases enhanced the understanding of the entire skeletal system. In this review endorsed by the European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS), a working group of investigators from Europe and the US provides an overview of the strengths and limitations of experimental animal models, including rodents, fish, and large animals, as well the potential and shortcomings of in vitro and in silico technologies in skeletal research. We propose that the proper combination of the right animal model for a specific hypothesis and state-of-the-art in vitro and/or in silico technology is essential to solving remaining important questions in bone research. This is crucial for executing most efficiently the 3R principles to reduce, refine, and replace animal experimentation, for enhancing our knowledge of skeletal biology, and for the treatment of bone diseases that affect a large part of society. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Merle Stein
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Florent Elefteriou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Competence Center for Interface Research (ICCIR), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Imke A.K. Fiedler
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Competence Center for Interface Research (ICCIR), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ronald Young Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Eric Farell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mubashir Ahmad
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Liam Grover
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational MedicineHeritage Building Edgbaston, Birmingham
| | - Liesbet Geris
- Biomechanics Research Unit, GIGA In Silico Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Skeletal Biology & Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Kuang H, Ma J, Chi X, Fu Q, Zhu Q, Cao W, Zhang P, Xie X. Integrated Osteoinductive Factors─Exosome@MicroRNA-26a Hydrogel Enhances Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:22805-22816. [PMID: 37145861 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a new therapeutic tool that can target multiple genes by inducing translation repression and target mRNA degradation. Although miRNAs have gained significant attention in oncology and in work on genetic disorders and autoimmune diseases, their application in tissue regeneration remains hindered by several challenges, such as miRNA degradation. Here, we reported Exosome@MicroRNA-26a (Exo@miR-26a), an osteoinductive factor that can be substituted for routinely used growth factors, which was constructed using bone marrow stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosomes and microRNA-26a (miR-26a). Exo@miR-26a-integrated hydrogels significantly promoted bone regeneration when implanted into defect sites; as the exosome stimulated angiogenesis, miR-26a promoted osteogenesis while the hydrogel enabled a site-directed release. Moreover, BMSC-derived exosomes further facilitated healthy bone regeneration by repressing osteoclast differentiation-related genes rather than damaging osteoclasts. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the promising potential of Exo@miR-26a for bone regeneration and provide a new strategy for the application of miRNA therapy in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhu Kuang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518116, China
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xinyu Chi
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Qichen Fu
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Qianzhe Zhu
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Weiling Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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5
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Advances in the Study of Exosomes as Drug Delivery Systems for Bone-Related Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010220. [PMID: 36678850 PMCID: PMC9867375 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone-related diseases are major problems and heavy burdens faced by modern society. Current clinical approaches for the treatment of these pathological conditions often lead to complications and have limited therapeutic efficacy. In this context, the development of nanotherapeutic platforms, such as extracellular vesicles, can improve the relevant therapeutic effects. In particular, exosomes are nano-sized, lipid bilayer extracellular vesicles secreted by many cells in mammals. Due to their innate capacity to transport materials-including proteins, lipids, and genes-among cells, as well as their innate attraction to target cells, they are considered to be a crucial medium for cell communication and are involved in a number of biological processes. Exosomes have been used as drug delivery vehicles in recent bone tissue engineering studies, in order to regulate bone homeostasis. However, the precise workings of the exosome regulatory network in maintaining bone homeostasis and its potential for treating bone injury remain unclear. To provide a fresh perspective for the study of exosomes in drug delivery and bone-related diseases, in this paper, we review recent studies on the roles of exosomes for drug delivery in bone homeostasis and bone-related diseases, as well as the composition and characteristics of exosomes and their regulatory roles in bone homeostasis and bone-related diseases, aiming to provide new ideas for the therapeutic application of exosomes in the treatment of bone-related diseases.
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6
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Wang W, Liang X, Zheng K, Ge G, Chen X, Xu Y, Bai J, Pan G, Geng D. Horizon of exosome-mediated bone tissue regeneration: The all-rounder role in biomaterial engineering. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100355. [PMID: 35875196 PMCID: PMC9304878 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone injury repair has always been a tricky problem in clinic, the recent emergence of bone tissue engineering provides a new direction for the repair of bone injury. However, some bone tissue processes fail to achieve satisfactory results mainly due to insufficient vascularization or cellular immune rejection. Exosomes with the ability of vesicle-mediated intercellular signal transmission have gained worldwide attention and can achieve cell-free therapy. Exosomes are small vesicles that are secreted by cells, which contain genetic material, lipids, proteins and other substances. It has been found to play the function of material exchange between cells. It is widely used in bone tissue engineering to achieve cell-free therapy because it not only does not produce some immune rejection like cells, but also can play a cell-like function. Exosomes from different sources can bind to scaffolds in various ways and affect osteoblast, angioblast, and macrophage polarization in vivo to promote bone regeneration. This article reviews the recent research progress of exosome-loaded tissue engineering, focusing on the mechanism of exosomes from different sources and the application of exosome-loaded scaffolds in promoting bone regeneration. Finally, the existing deficiencies and challenges, future development directions and prospects are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gaoran Ge
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
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7
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Gholami Farashah MS, Javadi M, Mohammadi A, Soleimani Rad J, Shakouri SK, Roshangar L. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell's exosomes as key nanoparticles in osteogenesis and bone regeneration: specific capacity based on cell type. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:12203-12218. [PMID: 36224447 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07807-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Today, communities and their health systems are facing with several challenges associated with the population ageing. Growing number of bone disorders is one of the most serious consequences of aging. According to the reports bone disorders won't just affect the elderly population. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that could be derived from a variety of tissues including bone marrow, Wharton's Jelly, adipose tissue, and others. MSCs have been utilized in different researches in the field of regenerative medicine because of their immunosuppression and anti-inflammatory mechanisms (like: inhibiting the activity of antigen presenting cells, and suppressing the activity of T lymphocyte cells, macrophages, and so on.), migration to injured areas, and participation in healing processes. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) are a type of these cells which can be commonly used in bone research with the promising results. These cells function by releasing a large number of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Exosomes are the most major EVs products produced by BMMSCs. They have the same contents and properties as their parent cells; however, these structures don't have the defects of cell therapy. Proteins (annexins, tetraspannins, etc.), lipids (cholesterol, phosphoglycerides, etc.), nucleic acids (micro-RNAs, and etc.) and other substances are found in exosomes. Exosomes affect target cells, causing them to change their function. The features of BMMSC exosomes' mechanism in osteogenesis and bone regeneration (like: effects on other MSCs, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and angiogenesis) and also the effects of their micro-RNAs on osteogenesis are the subject of the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadegh Gholami Farashah
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Javadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Mohammadi
- Stem cell and regenerative medicine research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleimani Rad
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Kazem Shakouri
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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8
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Novel Techniques and Future Perspective for Investigating Critical-Size Bone Defects. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9040171. [PMID: 35447731 PMCID: PMC9027954 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9040171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A critical-size bone defect is a challenging clinical problem in which a gap between bone ends will not heal and will become a nonunion. The current treatment is to harvest and transplant an autologous bone graft to facilitate bone bridging. To develop less invasive but equally effective treatment options, one needs to first have a comprehensive understanding of the bone healing process. Therefore, it is imperative to leverage the most advanced technologies to elucidate the fundamental concepts of the bone healing process and develop innovative therapeutic strategies to bridge the nonunion gap. In this review, we first discuss the current animal models to study critical-size bone defects. Then, we focus on four novel analytic techniques and discuss their strengths and limitations. These four technologies are mass cytometry (CyTOF) for enhanced cellular analysis, imaging mass cytometry (IMC) for enhanced tissue special imaging, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) for detailed transcriptome analysis, and Luminex assays for comprehensive protein secretome analysis. With this new understanding of the healing of critical-size bone defects, novel methods of diagnosis and treatment will emerge.
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Zhang J, Jiang Y, Shang Z, Zhao B, Jiao M, Liu W, Cheng M, Zhai B, Guo Y, Liu B, Shi X, Ma B. Biodegradable metals for bone defect repair: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on animal studies. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4027-4052. [PMID: 33997491 PMCID: PMC8089787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable metals are promising candidates for bone defect repair. With an evidence-based approach, this study investigated and analyzed the performance and degradation properties of biodegradable metals in animal models for bone defect repair to explore their potential clinical translation. Animal studies on bone defect repair with biodegradable metals in comparison with other traditional biomaterials were reviewed. Data was carefully collected after identification of population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design (PICOS), and following the inclusion criteria of biodegradable metals in animal studies. 30 publications on pure Mg, Mg alloys, pure Zn and Zn alloys were finally included after extraction from a collected database of 2543 publications. A qualitative systematic review and a quantitative meta-analysis were performed. Given the heterogeneity in animal model, anatomical site and critical size defect (CSD), biodegradable metals exhibited mixed effects on bone defect repair and degradation in animal studies in comparison with traditional non-degradable metals, biodegradable polymers, bioceramics, and autogenous bone grafts. The results indicated that there were limitations in the experimental design of the included studies, and quality of the evidence presented by the studies was very low. To enhance clinical translation of biodegradable metals, evidence-based research with data validity is needed. Future studies should adopt standardized experimental protocols in investigating the effects of biodegradable metals on bone defect repair with animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhen Zhang
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yanbiao Jiang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Zhizhong Shang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Mingyue Jiao
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Maobo Cheng
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Bao Zhai
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yajuan Guo
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Xinli Shi
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Bin Ma
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
- Institute of Health Data Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
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10
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Wehrle E, Tourolle Né Betts DC, Kuhn GA, Floreani E, Nambiar MH, Schroeder BJ, Hofmann S, Müller R. Spatio-temporal characterization of fracture healing patterns and assessment of biomaterials by time-lapsed in vivo micro-computed tomography. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8660. [PMID: 33883593 PMCID: PMC8060377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87788-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thorough preclinical evaluation of functionalized biomaterials for treatment of large bone defects is essential prior to clinical application. Using in vivo micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and mouse femoral defect models with different defect sizes, we were able to detect spatio-temporal healing patterns indicative of physiological and impaired healing in three defect sub-volumes and the adjacent cortex. The time-lapsed in vivo micro-CT-based approach was then applied to evaluate the bone regeneration potential of functionalized biomaterials using collagen and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2). Both collagen and BMP-2 treatment led to distinct changes in bone turnover in the different healing phases. Despite increased periosteal bone formation, 87.5% of the defects treated with collagen scaffolds resulted in non-unions. Additional BMP-2 application significantly accelerated the healing process and increased the union rate to 100%. This study further shows potential of time-lapsed in vivo micro-CT for capturing spatio-temporal deviations preceding non-union formation and how this can be prevented by application of functionalized biomaterials. This study therefore supports the application of longitudinal in vivo micro-CT for discrimination of normal and disturbed healing patterns and for the spatio-temporal characterization of the bone regeneration capacity of functionalized biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Wehrle
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Gisela A Kuhn
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erica Floreani
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Malavika H Nambiar
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bryant J Schroeder
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Hofmann
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph Müller
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
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11
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Youssef El Baradie KB, Hamrick MW. Therapeutic application of extracellular vesicles for musculoskeletal repair & regeneration. Connect Tissue Res 2021; 62:99-114. [PMID: 32602385 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2020.1781102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic musculoskeletal injuries are common in both the civilian and combat care settings. Significant barriers exist to repairing these injuries including fracture nonunion, muscle fibrosis, re-innervation, and compartment syndrome, as well as infection and inflammation. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, have attracted attention in the field of musculoskeletal regeneration. These vesicles are released by different cell types and play a vital role in cell communication by delivering functional cargoes such as proteins and RNAs. Many of these cargo molecules can be utilized for repair purposes in skeletal disorders such as osteoporosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, sarcopenia, and fracture healing. There are, however, some challenges to overcome in order to advance the successful application of these vesicles in the therapeutic setting. These include large-scale production and isolation of exosomes, long-term storage, in vivo stability, and strategies for tissue-specific targeting and delivery. This paper reviews the general characteristics of exosomes along with their physiological roles and contribution to the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal diseases. We also highlight new findings on the use of synthetic exosomes to overcome the limitations of native exosomes in treating musculoskeletal injuries and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark W Hamrick
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University , Augusta, GA, USA
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Medina OP, Medina TP, Humbert J, Qi B, Baum W, Will O, Damm T, Glüer C. Using Alendronic Acid Coupled Fluorescently Labelled SM Liposomes as a Vehicle for Bone Targeting. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:6021-6027. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200614175905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
We recently developed a liposomal nanoparticle system that can be used for drug delivery
and simultaneously be monitored by optical or photoacoustic imaging devices. Here we tested the efficacy of
alendronate as a homing molecule in SM-liposomes for bone targeting.
Methods:
Alendronate was immobilized covalently on the liposomal surface and the fluorescent dye indocyanine
green was used as a payload in the liposomes. The indocyanine green delivery was analyzed by 3D optical tomography,
optical fluorescence scanner, photoacoustic imaging, and by ex-vivo biodistribution studies.
Results:
The results show that the alendronate, coupled to the liposomal surface, increases sphingomyelin containing
liposome targeting up to several-folds.
Conclusion:
The alendronate targeted liposomes open possibilities for an application in active bone targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Tuula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jana Humbert
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Bao Qi
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baum
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Medizinische Klinik 3, Institut für Klinische Immunologie, Glückstrasse 4A, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olga Will
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Timo Damm
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Claus Glüer
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein [UKSH], Kiel University, Kiel, Germany; MOIN CC - Am Botanischen Garten 14 24118 Kiel Germany, Institut für Experimentelle Tumorforschung [IET], Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Building U3024105 Kiel, Germany
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Lu J, Wang QY, Sheng JG, Guo SC, Tao SC. A 3D-printed, personalized, biomechanics-specific beta-tricalcium phosphate bioceramic rod system: personalized treatment strategy for patients with femoral shaft non-union based on finite element analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:421. [PMID: 32611412 PMCID: PMC7331224 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03465-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although double-plate fixation (DP), i.e., fixation with a combination of a main lateral plate (LP) and a support medial plate (MP), is a relatively mature method for treating femoral shaft non-union with bone defect causes complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate LP fixation with a 3D-printed, personalized, biomechanics-specific β-TCP bioceramic rod system (LP + 3DpbsBRS) as an alternative with less collateral damage. Methods Structure-specific finite element modelling was used to simulate femoral shaft non-union with bone defects and treatment with an LP only as the blank control. Then, the peak von Mises stress (VMS), the VMS distribution, and the plate displacement were determined to compare the effectiveness of LP + CBG (cancellous bone grafting), DP + CBG, and LP + 3DpbsBRS under 850 N of axial force. Results Our results indicated that the peak VMS was 260.2 MPa (LP + 3DpbsBRS), 249.6 MPa (MP in DP + CBG), 249.3 MPa (LP in DP + CBG), and 502.4 MPa (LP + CBG). The bending angle of the plate was 1.2° versus 1.0° versus 1.1° versus 2.3° (LP + 3DpbsBRS versus MP in DP + CBG versus LP in DP + CBG versus LP + CBG). Conclusion The 3DpbsBRS in the LP + 3DpbsBRS group could replace the MP in the DP + CBG group by providing similar medial mechanical support. Furthermore, avoiding the use of an MP provides better protection of the soft tissue and vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Fengxian Central Hospital, Branch of The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201400, China.,Department of Medicine, Soochou University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi-Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jia-Gen Sheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shang-Chun Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China. .,Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Shi-Cong Tao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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14
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Liu SB, Liu X. [Review for different sources of exosomes in bone tissue engineering research]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2020; 38:193-197. [PMID: 32314894 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are 40-100 nm vesicles that are released into the extracellular environment upon the fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane. The biologically cargoes transported by exosomes are diverse. Exosomes are important carriers of signal transmission and interaction between cells. Exosomes are believed to play an important role in tissue repair and bone regeneration. Studies have evaluated that exosomes secreted by cells play an increasingly significant roles in bone tissue engineering and have multiple functions, including regulating immunity, promoting cell proliferation and differentiation, enhancing bone regeneration and angiogenesis. The review analyzes the characteristics and biological properties of different cell-derived exosomes in the bone environment, summarizes their research progress in bone repair, and discusses the challenges and future directions for their application in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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15
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Brunello G, Panda S, Schiavon L, Sivolella S, Biasetto L, Del Fabbro M. The Impact of Bioceramic Scaffolds on Bone Regeneration in Preclinical In Vivo Studies: A Systematic Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E1500. [PMID: 32218290 PMCID: PMC7177381 DOI: 10.3390/ma13071500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioceramic scaffolds are appealing for alveolar bone regeneration, because they are emerging as promising alternatives to autogenous and heterogenous bone grafts. The aim of this systematic review is to answer to the focal question: in critical-sized bone defects in experimental animal models, does the use of a bioceramic scaffolds improve new bone formation, compared with leaving the empty defect without grafting materials or using autogenous bone or deproteinized bovine-derived bone substitutes? Electronic databases were searched using specific search terms. A hand search was also undertaken. Only randomized and controlled studies in the English language, published in peer-reviewed journals between 2013 and 2018, using critical-sized bone defect models in non-medically compromised animals, were considered. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the SYRCLE tool. A meta-analysis was planned to synthesize the evidence, if possible. Thirteen studies reporting on small animal models (six studies on rats and seven on rabbits) were included. The calvarial bone defect was the most common experimental site. The empty defect was used as the only control in all studies except one. In all studies the bioceramic materials demonstrated a trend for better outcomes compared to an empty control. Due to heterogeneity in protocols and outcomes among the included studies, no meta-analysis could be performed. Bioceramics can be considered promising grafting materials, though further evidence is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Brunello
- Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, Stradella San Nicola 3, 36100 Vicenza Italy; (G.B.); (L.B.)
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (L.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Sourav Panda
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Commenda 10, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, 751003 Odisha, India
| | - Lucia Schiavon
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (L.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefano Sivolella
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (L.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Lisa Biasetto
- Department of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, Stradella San Nicola 3, 36100 Vicenza Italy; (G.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Massimo Del Fabbro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Commenda 10, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Dental Clinic, I.R.C.C.S. Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Via Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
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Xu T, Luo Y, Wang J, Zhang N, Gu C, Li L, Qian D, Cai W, Fan J, Yin G. Exosomal miRNA-128-3p from mesenchymal stem cells of aged rats regulates osteogenesis and bone fracture healing by targeting Smad5. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:47. [PMID: 32178675 PMCID: PMC7077029 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00601-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been considered an effective therapeutic treatment for a variety of diseases including bone fracture. However, there are associated complications along with MSCs transplantation. There is evidence to show that exosomes (Exos) derived from MSCs exert a similar paracrine function. In addition, repair capabilities of MSCs decline with age. Hence, this study aims to confirm whether the Exos protective function on osteogenic differentiation and fracture healing from aged MSCs was attenuated. This information was used in order to investigate the underlying mechanism. MSCs were successfully isolated and identified from young and aged rats, and Exos were then obtained. Aged-Exos exhibited significantly attenuated effects on MSCs osteogenic differentiation in vitro and facture healing in vivo. Using miRNA array analysis, it was shown that miR-128-3p was markedly upregulated in Aged-Exos. In vitro experiments confirmed that Smad5 is a direct downstream target of miR-128-3p, and was inhibited by overexpressed miR-128-3p. A series gain- and loss- function experiment indicated that miR-128-3P serves a suppressor role in the process of fracture healing. Furthermore, effects caused by miR-128-3P mimic/inhibitor were reversed by the application of Smad5/siSmad5. Taken together, these results suggest that the therapeutic effects of MSCs-derived Exos may vary according to differential expression of miRNAs. Exosomal miR-128-3P antagomir may act as a promising therapeutic strategy for bone fracture healing, especially for the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongjun Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changjiang Gu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linwei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dingfei Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihua Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jin Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guoyong Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Lommen J, Schorn L, Landers A, Holtmann H, Berr K, Kübler NR, Sproll C, Rana M, Depprich R. Release kinetics of the model protein FITC-BSA from different polymer-coated bovine bone substitutes. Head Face Med 2019; 15:27. [PMID: 31711509 PMCID: PMC6844035 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-019-0211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Controlled release of proteins bound to conventional bone substitutes is still insufficient. Therefore, this study evaluates in-vitro release kinetics of the model protein FITC-BSA (fluorescein conjugated bovine serum albumine) from insoluble bovine collagenous bone matrices (ICBM) with different polymer coatings. Analyzes aim at comparing FITC-BSA release from uncoated versus coated ICBM over time to find bone substitute coatings with consistent release profiles. Methods Release kinetics of FITC-BSA from uncoated as well as coated ICBM with five different polymers (RESOMER R 203 H, RG 503 H, RG 504 H, RG 505, L 206 S) were measured over a period of 11 days (d). Measurements were conducted after 6 h (h), 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, 9 d and 11 d with six samples for each coated ICBM. Two groups were formed (1) with and (2) without medium change at times of measurement. For each group ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni testing was used. Scanning electron microscopy assessed morphologic differences between ICBM coating. Results In group 1 approx. 70% of FITC-BSA release from uncoated ICBM occurred after 6 h compared to approx. 50% in group 2. Only polymers with medium inherent viscosity, i.e. RESOMER RG 503 H, constantly showed significantly more FITC-BSA release throughout 11 d than uncoated ICBM (p = 0.007). The same was found for group 2 (p = 0.005). No significant differences between PLA and PLGA polymers were found. Scanning electron microscopy results indicate a weak adhesion of polymer coatings to ICBM explaining its rather weak retentive effect on overall FITC-BSA release. Conclusions Medium molecular size polymers reduce the overall released FITC-BSA from ICBM over time. In clinical practice these polymers may prove ideal for bone substitute materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Lommen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lara Schorn
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Alexis Landers
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Hattingen, Bredenscheider Straße 54, 45525, Hattingen, Germany
| | - Henrik Holtmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Malteser Clinic St. Johannes, Johannisstraße 21, 47198, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Karin Berr
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert R Kübler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Sproll
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Majeed Rana
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rita Depprich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Lu J, Wang QY, Sheng JG. Exosomes in the Repair of Bone Defects: Next-Generation Therapeutic Tools for the Treatment of Nonunion. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1983131. [PMID: 31467871 PMCID: PMC6699293 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1983131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nonunion with bone defects, a common complication after long bone fracture, is a major challenge for orthopaedic surgeons worldwide because of the high incidence rate and difficulties in achieving successful treatment. Bone defects are the main complications of nonunion. The conventional biological treatments for nonunion with bone defects involve the use of autologous bone grafts or bone graft substitutes and cell-based therapy. Traditional nonunion treatments have always been associated with safety issues and various other complications. Bone grafts have limited autologous cancellous bone and there is a risk of infection. Additionally, problems with bone graft substitutes, including rejection and stimulation of bone formation, have been noted, and the health of the stem cell niche is a major consideration in cell-based therapy. In recent years, researchers have found that exosomes can be used to deliver functional RNA and mediate cell-to-cell communication, suggesting that exosomes may repair bone defects by regulating cells and cytokines involved in bone metabolism. In this review, we highlight the possible relationships between risk factors for nonunion and exosomes. Additionally, we discuss the roles of exosomes in bone metabolism and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Qi-Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jia-Gen Sheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
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Zhang X, Cheng G, Xing X, Liu J, Cheng Y, Ye T, Wang Q, Xiao X, Li Z, Deng H. Near-Infrared Light-Triggered Porous AuPd Alloy Nanoparticles To Produce Mild Localized Heat To Accelerate Bone Regeneration. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4185-4191. [PMID: 31295998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of massive bone defects is still a significant challenge for orthopedists. Here we have engineered synthetic porous AuPd alloy nanoparticles (pAuPds) as a hyperthermia agent for in situ bone regeneration through photothermal therapy (PTT). After being swallowed by cells, pAuPds produced a mild localized heat (MLH) (40-43 °C) under the irradiation of a near-infrared laser, which can greatly accelerate cell proliferation and bone regeneration. Almost 97% of the cranial defect area (8 mm in diameter) was covered by the newly formed bone after 6 weeks of PTT. RNA sequencing analysis was used to obtain insight into the molecular mechanism of the MLH on cell proliferation and bone formation. These results demonstrated that the Wnt signaling pathway was involved in the MLH. This Letter provides a unique strategy with mild heat stimulation and high efficiency for in situ bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory and Center for Ion Beam Application , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Gu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education & Department of Oral and Maxillofical Trauma and Plastic Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Xin Xing
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education & Department of Oral and Maxillofical Trauma and Plastic Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Jiangchao Liu
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory and Center for Ion Beam Application , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Yuet Cheng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education & Department of Oral and Maxillofical Trauma and Plastic Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Tianyu Ye
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory and Center for Ion Beam Application , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Xiangheng Xiao
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory and Center for Ion Beam Application , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Zubing Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education & Department of Oral and Maxillofical Trauma and Plastic Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Hongbing Deng
- School of Resource and Environmental Science and Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430079 , P. R. China
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20
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Xie Y, Sun W, Yan F, Liu H, Deng Z, Cai L. Icariin-loaded porous scaffolds for bone regeneration through the regulation of the coupling process of osteogenesis and osteoclastic activity. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:6019-6033. [PMID: 31534334 PMCID: PMC6682326 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s203859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Icariin (IC) promotes osteogenic differentiation, and it may be a potential small molecule drug for local application in bone regeneration. Icariin-loaded hydroxyapatite/alginate (IC/HAA) porous composite scaffolds were designed in this study for the potential application of the sustainable release of icariin and subsequent bone regeneration. Methods An icariin-loaded hydroxyapatite/alginate porous composite scaffold was prepared and characterized by SEM and HPLC for morphology and release behavior, respectively. The mechanical properties, degradation in PBS and cytotoxicity on BMSCs were also evaluated by MTT assay, compression strength and calculation of weight remaining ratio, respectively. Rabbit BMSCs were cocultured with IC/HAA scaffolds, and ALP activity and Alizarin Red staining were performed to evaluate osteogenic differentiation induction. The mRNA and protein expression level of an osteogenic gene was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. In vivo animal models of critical bone defects in the radius of rabbit were used. Four and 12 weeks after the implantation of IC/HAA scaffolds in the bone defect, radiographic images of the radius were obtained and scored by using the Lane and Sandhu X-ray scoring system. Tissue samples were also evaluated using H&E and Masson staining, and an osteogenic gene and Wnt signaling pathway genes were detected. Results A hydroxyapatite/alginate (HAA) porous composite scaffold-loaded icariin was fabricated using a freeze-drying method. Our data indicated that the icariin was loaded in alginate scaffold without compromising the macro/microstructure or mechanical properties of the scaffold. Notably, the IC/HAA promoted the proliferation of rBMSCs without exerting cytotoxicity on rBMSCs. In vivo, rabbit radius bone defect experiments demonstrated that the IC/HAA scaffold exhibited better capacity for bone regeneration than HAA, and IC/HAA upregulated the relative expression levels of an osteogenic gene and the Wnt signaling pathway genes. Most notably, the IC/HAA scaffold also inhibited osteoclast activity in vivo. Conclusion Our data suggests a promising application for the use of HAA scaffolds to load icariin and promote bone regeneration in situ through mediation of the coupling processes of osteogenesis induction and osteoclast activity inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlong Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Sun
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huowen Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhouming Deng
- Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
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21
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Bighetti ACC, Cestari TM, Santos PS, Arantes RVN, Paini S, Assis GF, Costa BC, de Oliveira FA, Tokuhara CK, de Oliveira RC, Taga R. In vitro and in vivo assessment of CaP materials for bone regenerative therapy. The role of multinucleated giant cells/osteoclasts in bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:282-297. [PMID: 31009176 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this work, bone formation/remodeling/maturation was correlated with the presence of multinucleated giant cells (MGCs)/osteoclasts (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase [TRAP]-positive cells) on the surface of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), sintered deproteinized bovine bone (sDBB), and carbonated deproteinized bovine bone (cDBB) using a maxillary sinus augmentation (MSA) in a New Zealand rabbit model. Microtomographic, histomorphometric, and immunolabeling for TRAP-cells analyses were made at 15, 30, and 60 days after surgery. In all treatments, a faster bone formation/remodeling/maturation and TRAP-positive cells activity occurred in the osteotomy region of the MSA than in the middle and submucosa regions. In the β-TCP, the granules were rapidly reabsorbed by TRAP-positive cells and replaced by bone tissue. β-TCP enabled quick bone regeneration/remodeling and full bone and marrow restoration until 60 days, but with a significant reduction in MSA volume. In cDBB and sDBB, the quantity of TRAP-positive cells was smaller than in β-TCP, and these cells were associated with granule surface preparation for osteoblast-mediated bone formation. After 30 days, more than 80% of granule surfaces were surrounded and integrated by bone tissue without signs of degradation, preserving the MSA volume. Overall, the materials tested in a standardized preclinical model led to different bone formation/remodeling/maturation within the same repair process influenced by different microenvironments and MGCs/osteoclasts. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 108B:282-297, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Cestari Bighetti
- Laboratory of Histology of Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Tania Mary Cestari
- Laboratory of Histology of Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Paula Sanches Santos
- Laboratory of Histology of Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Vinicius Nunes Arantes
- Laboratory of Histology of Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Suelen Paini
- Laboratory of Histology of Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Gerson Francisco Assis
- Laboratory of Histology of Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Bruna Carolina Costa
- Physics Department, Advanced Materials Laboratory, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Avenue Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube 14-01, Bauru, São Paulo, 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Flávia Amadeu de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Cintia Kazuko Tokuhara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cardoso de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Rumio Taga
- Laboratory of Histology of Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
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Hong H, Song T, Liu Y, Li J, Jiang Q, Song Q, Deng Z. The effectiveness and safety of parathyroid hormone in fracture healing: A meta-analysis. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2019; 74:e800. [PMID: 31038646 PMCID: PMC6467172 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2019/e800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The very large economic and social burdens of fracture-related complications make rapid fracture healing a major public health goal. The role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in treating osteoporosis is generally accepted, but the effect of PTH on fracture healing is controversial. This meta-analysis was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of PTH in fracture healing. The EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from the inception dates to April 26, 2018. The primary randomized clinical trials comparing PTH treatment for fracture healing with placebo or no treatment were identified. We did not gain additional information by contacting the authors of the primary studies. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and evaluated study quality. This meta-analysis was executed to determine the odds ratio, mean difference, standardized mean difference, and 95% confidence intervals with random-effects models. In total, 8 randomized trials including 524 patients met the inclusion criteria. There were significant differences in fracture healing time, pain relief and function improvement. There were no significant differences in the fracture healing rate or adverse events, including light-headedness, hypercalcemia, nausea, sweating and headache, except for slight bruising at the injection site. We determined that the effectiveness and safety of PTH in fracture healing is reasonably well established and credible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Song
- Institute of Forensic Science, Chongqing Public Security Bureau, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chongqing Steel Company, Chongqing, China
| | - Qilong Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chongqing Steel Company, Chongqing, China
| | - Qizhi Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chongqing Steel Company, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongliang Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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23
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Farkasdi S, Pammer D, Rácz R, Hriczó-Koperdák G, Szabó BT, Dobó-Nagy C, Kerémi B, Blazsek J, Cuisinier F, Wu G, Varga G. Development of a quantitative preclinical screening model for implant osseointegration in rat tail vertebra. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:2959-2973. [PMID: 30374828 PMCID: PMC7398390 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2661-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Functional tooth replacement and bone regeneration are parts of the daily practice in modern dentistry, but well-reproducible and relatively inexpensive experimental models are still missing. We aimed to develop a new small animal model to monitor osseointegration utilizing the combination of multiple evaluation protocols. Material and methods After cutting the tail between the C4 and C5 vertebrae in Wistar rats, costume made, parallel walled, non-threaded implants were placed into the center of the tail parallel with its longitudinal axis using a surgical guide. Osseointegration of the titanium implants was followed between 4 and 16 weeks after surgery applying axial extraction force, and resonance frequency analysis as functional tests, and histomorphometry and micro-CT as structural evaluations. Results In functional tests, we observed that both methods are suitable for the detection of the time-dependent increase in osseointegration, but the sensitivity of the pull-out technique (an approximately five times increase with rather low standard error) was much higher than that of the resonance frequency analysis. In structural evaluations, changes in the detected bone implant contact values measured by histomorphometry (yielding 1.5 times increase, with low variations of data) were more reliable than micro-CT based evaluations to screen the developments of contact between bone and implant. Conclusion Our results provide evidence that the caudal vertebrae osseointegration model is useful for the preclinical evaluation of implant integration into the bone. Clinical relevance The combination of the biomechanical and structural tests offers a well-reproducible small animal system that can be suitable for studying the integration of various implant materials and surface treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Farkasdi
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Dávid Pammer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Rácz
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Gergely Hriczó-Koperdák
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Bence Tamás Szabó
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Dobó-Nagy
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Kerémi
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - József Blazsek
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Frederic Cuisinier
- Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences EA4203, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gang Wu
- Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije University Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gábor Varga
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4., Budapest, 1089, Hungary.
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Zhu Q, Li X, Fan Z, Xu Y, Niu H, Li C, Dang Y, Huang Z, Wang Y, Guan J. Biomimetic polyurethane/TiO 2 nanocomposite scaffolds capable of promoting biomineralization and mesenchymal stem cell proliferation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 85:79-87. [PMID: 29407160 PMCID: PMC5805475 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolds with extracellular matrix-like fibrous morphology, suitable mechanical properties, biomineralization capability, and excellent cytocompatibility are desired for bone regeneration. In this work, fibrous and degradable poly(ester urethane)urea (PEUU) scaffolds reinforced with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2) were fabricated to possess these properties. To increase the interfacial interaction between PEUU and nTiO2, poly(ester urethane) (PEU) was grafted onto the nTiO2. The scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning and exhibited fiber diameter of <1μm. SEM and EDX mapping results demonstrated that the PEU modified nTiO2 was homogeneously distributed in the fibers. In contrast, severe agglomeration was found in the scaffolds with unmodified nTiO2. PEU modified nTiO2 significantly increased Young's modulus and tensile stress of the PEUU scaffolds while unmodified nTiO2 significantly decreased Young's modulus and tensile stress. The greatest reinforcement effect was observed for the scaffold with 1:1 ratio of PEUU and PEU modified nTiO2. When incubating in the simulated body fluid over an 8-week period, biomineralization was occurred on the fibers. The scaffolds with PEU modified nTiO2 showed the highest Ca and P deposition than pure PEUU scaffold and PEUU scaffold with unmodified nTiO2. To examine scaffold cytocompatibility, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured on the scaffold. The PEUU scaffold with PEU modified nTiO2 demonstrated significantly higher cell proliferation compared to pure PEUU scaffold and PEUU scaffold with unmodified nTiO2. The above results demonstrate that the developed fibrous nanocomposite scaffolds have potential for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, Jiangxi 333001, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zhaobo Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yanyi Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hong Niu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yu Dang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zheng Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yun Wang
- Division of Periodontology, The Ohio State University, 305 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jianjun Guan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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25
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Hao ZC, Lu J, Wang SZ, Wu H, Zhang YT, Xu SG. Stem cell-derived exosomes: A promising strategy for fracture healing. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28741758 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the biological characteristics of exosomes and to summarize the current status of stem cell-derived exosomes on fracture healing. Meanwhile, future challenges, limitations and perspectives are also discussed. METHODS Search and analyze the related articles in pubmed database through the multi-combination of keywords like "stem cells","exosomes","bone regeneration" and "fracture healing". CONCLUSION Stem cell-derived exosome therapy for fracture healing has been enjoying popularity and is drawing increasing attention. This strategy helps to promote proliferation and migration of cells, as well as osteogenesis and angiogenesis, in the process of bone formation. Although the exact mechanisms remain elusive, exosomal miRNAs seem to play vital roles. Future studies are required to solve multiple problems before clinical application, including comprehensive and thorough understanding of exosomes, the exact roles of exosomes in regulating bone formation, and the optimal source, dose and frequency of treatment, as well as technical and safety issues. Moreover, studies based on fracture models of large animals are could offer guidance and are in demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Chen Hao
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan-Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Tong Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo-Gui Xu
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Exosome: A Novel Approach to Stimulate Bone Regeneration through Regulation of Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050712. [PMID: 27213355 PMCID: PMC4881534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical need for effective bone regeneration therapy remains in huge demands. However, the current "gold standard" treatments of autologous and allogeneic bone grafts may result in various complications. Furthermore, safety considerations of biomaterials and cell-based treatment require further clarification. Therefore, developing new therapies with stronger osteogenic potential and a lower incidence of complications is worthwhile. Recently, exosomes, small vesicles of endocytic origin, have attracted attention in bone regeneration field. The vesicles travel between cells and deliver functional cargoes, such as proteins and RNAs, thereby regulating targeted cells differentiation, commitment, function, and proliferation. Much evidence has demonstrated the important roles of exosomes in osteogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we summarize the properties, origins and biogenesis of exosomes, and the recent reports using exosomes to regulate osteogenesis and promote bone regeneration.
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Nie Y, Lu YX, Lv LH. Effect of propofol on generation of inflammatory mediator of monocytes. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 8:964-970. [PMID: 26614998 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of propofol with different concentrations on the expression of inflammatory mediators of interleukin and tumor-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by stimulating the mouse primary monocytes and human monocytic cell line with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and also discuss the effect of propofol on the secretion of inflammatory mediator and its possible molecular mechanism. METHODS The mononuclear cells of mouse spleen were separated and then purified to obtain the primary monocytes. The dose-effect relationship of production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by monocytes which were stimulated by LPS, namely the monocytes were stimulated by the dose of 0-500 ng/mL for 24 h. ELISA was employed to detect the concentration of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. The effect of propofol on the secretion of above pro-inflammatory cytokines by the monocytes was observed. Cells were divided into the control group, the 0.1% DMSO group, the LPS group and the treatment group with LPS + different dose of propofol (propofol 1-100 μg/mL). ELISA was employed to detect the concentration of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. The change in the expression of important signaling molecules in Toll-like receptor and NF-κB signaling pathway was detected after THP-1 cells were treated with propofol. RESULTS The concentration of TNF-α was (3863 ± 153) pg/mL after 12 h of stimulation by LPS and then its concentration was decreased gradually. But the concentration of IL-6 and IL-8 was relatively high after 24 h of stimulation by LPS, (5627 ± 330) pg/mL and (1626 ± 200) pg/mL, respectively. The propofol could inhibit the expression of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α caused by LPS. After the intervention treatment of 50 μg/mL propofol, the concentration of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The propofol can inhibit the expression of TLR-4 and NF-κB to inhibit the activation of p38 and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Nie
- Operating Room, First People's Hospital of Ji'nan, Shandong 250011, China.
| | - Yan-Xi Lu
- Operating Room, First People's Hospital of Ji'nan, Shandong 250011, China
| | - Li-Hong Lv
- Operating Room, First People's Hospital of Ji'nan, Shandong 250011, China
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