1
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Jana D, Han Z, Huang X, Wadhwa A, Raveendran A, Ebeid K, Meher N, Flavell RR, Desai T. Enhanced Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Targeting by Precision Control of DNA Scaffolded Nanoparticle Ligand Presentation. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16674-16683. [PMID: 38907991 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Targeted nanoparticles have been extensively explored for their ability to deliver their payload to a selective cell population while reducing off-target side effects. The design of actively targeted nanoparticles requires the grafting of a ligand that specifically binds to a highly expressed receptor on the surface of the targeted cell population. Optimizing the interactions between the targeting ligand and the receptor can maximize the cellular uptake of the nanoparticles and subsequently improve their activity. Here, we evaluated how the density and presentation of the targeting ligands dictate the cellular uptake of nanoparticles. To do so, we used a DNA-scaffolded PLGA nanoparticle system to achieve efficient and tunable ligand conjugation. A prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expressing a prostate cancer cell line was used as a model. The density and presentation of PSMA targeting ligand ACUPA were precisely tuned on the DNA-scaffolded nanoparticle surface, and their impact on cellular uptake was evaluated. It was found that matching the ligand density with the cell receptor density achieved the maximum cellular uptake and specificity. Furthermore, DNA hybridization-mediated targeting chain rigidity of the DNA-scaffolded nanoparticle offered ∼3 times higher cellular uptake compared to the ACUPA-terminated PLGA nanoparticle. Our findings also indicated a ∼ 3.7-fold reduction in the cellular uptake for the DNA hybridization of the non-targeting chain. We showed that nanoparticle uptake is energy-dependent and follows a clathrin-mediated pathway. Finally, we validated the preferential tumor targeting of the nanoparticles in a bilateral tumor xenograft model. Our results provide a rational guideline for designing actively targeted nanoparticles and highlight the application of DNA-scaffolded nanoparticles as an efficient active targeting platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblin Jana
- School of Engineering, Institute for Biology, Engineering and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Han
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Anju Wadhwa
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Athira Raveendran
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Kareem Ebeid
- School of Engineering, Institute for Biology, Engineering and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Niranjan Meher
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Robert R Flavell
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Tejal Desai
- School of Engineering, Institute for Biology, Engineering and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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2
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Morla-Folch J, Ranzenigo A, Fayad ZA, Teunissen AJP. Nanotherapeutic Heterogeneity: Sources, Effects, and Solutions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307502. [PMID: 38050951 PMCID: PMC11045328 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have revolutionized medicine by enabling control over drugs' pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and biocompatibility. However, most nanotherapeutic batches are highly heterogeneous, meaning they comprise nanoparticles that vary in size, shape, charge, composition, and ligand functionalization. Similarly, individual nanotherapeutics often have heterogeneously distributed components, ligands, and charges. This review discusses nanotherapeutic heterogeneity's sources and effects on experimental readouts and therapeutic efficacy. Among other topics, it demonstrates that heterogeneity exists in nearly all nanotherapeutic types, examines how nanotherapeutic heterogeneity arises, and discusses how heterogeneity impacts nanomaterials' in vitro and in vivo behavior. How nanotherapeutic heterogeneity skews experimental readouts and complicates their optimization and clinical translation is also shown. Lastly, strategies for limiting nanotherapeutic heterogeneity are reviewed and recommendations for developing more reproducible and effective nanotherapeutics provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Morla-Folch
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Anna Ranzenigo
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Zahi Adel Fayad
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Abraham Jozef Petrus Teunissen
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
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3
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Hoover E, Ruggiero OM, Swingler RN, Day ES. FZD7-Targeted Nanoparticles to Enhance Doxorubicin Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:14323-14335. [PMID: 38559981 PMCID: PMC10976388 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapy agent commonly used to treat triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but it has insufficient efficacy against the disease and considerable toxicity due to its off-target delivery. To improve the specificity of DOX for TNBC, we encapsulated it in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) coated with antibodies against Frizzled7 (FZD7), a receptor that is overexpressed on TNBC cells and which is a key activator of the Wnt signaling pathway. In vitro studies show that DOX encapsulation does not hinder its ability to localize to the nucleus in human TNBC cell cultures and that DOX delivered via NPs induces apoptosis and DNA damage via H2A.X phosphorylation to the same degree as freely delivered DOX. FZD7-targeted NPs delivering DOX caused significantly greater inhibition of metabolic activity and led to a smaller cell population following treatment when compared to freely delivered DOX or DOX-loaded NPs coated only with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The FZD7 antibodies additionally provided significant levels of Wnt pathway inhibition, as demonstrated by an increase in β-catenin phosphorylation, indicative of β-catenin destruction and downregulation. These results show that FZD7-targeted platforms have great promise for improving the therapeutic window of otherwise toxic chemotherapies like DOX in TNBC and other cancers that display the overexpression of FZD7 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise
C. Hoover
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
| | - Olivia M. Ruggiero
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
| | - Rachel N. Swingler
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
| | - Emily S. Day
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Helen
F. Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
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4
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Ortiz-Perez A, Zhang M, Fitzpatrick LW, Izquierdo-Lozano C, Albertazzi L. Advanced optical imaging for the rational design of nanomedicines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 204:115138. [PMID: 37980951 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the enormous potential of nanomedicines to shape the future of medicine, their clinical translation remains suboptimal. Translational challenges are present in every step of the development pipeline, from a lack of understanding of patient heterogeneity to insufficient insights on nanoparticle properties and their impact on material-cell interactions. Here, we discuss how the adoption of advanced optical microscopy techniques, such as super-resolution optical microscopies, correlative techniques, and high-content modalities, could aid the rational design of nanocarriers, by characterizing the cell, the nanomaterial, and their interaction with unprecedented spatial and/or temporal detail. In this nanomedicine arena, we will discuss how the implementation of these techniques, with their versatility and specificity, can yield high volumes of multi-parametric data; and how machine learning can aid the rapid advances in microscopy: from image acquisition to data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ortiz-Perez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Laurence W Fitzpatrick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Cristina Izquierdo-Lozano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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5
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Guo F, Luo S, Wang L, Wang M, Wu F, Wang Y, Jiao Y, Du Y, Yang Q, Yang X, Yang G. Protein corona, influence on drug delivery system and its improvement strategy: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128513. [PMID: 38040159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Nano drug delivery systems offer several benefits, including enhancing drug solubility, regulating drug release, prolonging drug circulation time, and minimized toxicity and side effects. However, upon entering the bloodstream, nanoparticles (NPs) encounter a complex biological environment and get absorbed by various biological components, primarily proteins, leading to the formation of a 'Protein Corona'. The formation of the protein corona is affected by the characteristics of NPs, the physiological environment, and experimental design, which in turn affects of the immunotoxicity, specific recognition, cell uptake, and drug release of NPs. To improve the abundance of a specific protein on NPs, researchers have explored pre-coating, modifying, or wrapping NPs with the cell membrane to reduce protein adsorption. This paper, we have reviewed studies of the protein corona in recent years, summarized the formation and detection methods of the protein corona, the effect of the protein corona composition on the fate of NPs, and the design of new drug delivery systems based on the optimization of protein corona to provide a reference for further study of the protein corona and a theoretical basis for the clinical transformation of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shuai Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lianyi Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Fang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yunlong Jiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yinzhou Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qingliang Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 314408, China
| | - Gensheng Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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6
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Porębska N, Ciura K, Chorążewska A, Zakrzewska M, Otlewski J, Opaliński Ł. Multivalent protein-drug conjugates - An emerging strategy for the upgraded precision and efficiency of drug delivery to cancer cells. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108213. [PMID: 37453463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
With almost 20 million new cases per year, cancer constitutes one of the most important challenges for public health systems. Unlike traditional chemotherapy, targeted anti-cancer strategies employ sophisticated therapeutics to precisely identify and attack cancer cells, limiting the impact of drugs on healthy cells and thereby minimizing the unwanted side effects of therapy. Protein drug conjugates (PDCs) are a rapidly growing group of targeted therapeutics, composed of a cancer-recognition factor covalently coupled to a cytotoxic drug. Several PDCs, mainly in the form of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) that employ monoclonal antibodies as cancer-recognition molecules, are used in the clinic and many PDCs are currently in clinical trials. Highly selective, strong and stable interaction of the PDC with the tumor marker, combined with efficient, rapid endocytosis of the receptor/PDC complex and its subsequent effective delivery to lysosomes, is critical for the efficacy of targeted cancer therapy with PDCs. However, the bivalent architecture of contemporary clinical PDCs is not optimal for tumor receptor recognition or PDCs internalization. In this review, we focus on multivalent PDCs, which represent a rapidly evolving and highly promising therapeutics that overcome most of the limitations of current bivalent PDCs, enhancing the precision and efficiency of drug delivery to cancer cells. We present an expanding set of protein scaffolds used to generate multivalent PDCs that, in addition to folding into well-defined multivalent molecular structures, enable site-specific conjugation of the cytotoxic drug to ensure PDC homogeneity. We provide an overview of the architectures of multivalent PDCs developed to date, emphasizing their efficacy in the targeted treatment of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Porębska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Ciura
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Chorążewska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Zakrzewska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Jacek Otlewski
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Łukasz Opaliński
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland.
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7
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Obeng EM, Steer DL, Fulcher A, Wagstaff KM. Steric-Deficient Oligoglycine Surrogates Facilitate Multivalent and Bifunctional Nanobody Synthesis via Combined Sortase A Transpeptidation and Click Chemistry. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1667-1678. [PMID: 37534819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Conferring multifunctional properties to proteins via enzymatic approaches has greatly facilitated recent progress in protein nanotechnology. In this regard, sortase (Srt) A transpeptidation has facilitated many of these developments due to its exceptional specificity, mild reaction conditions, and complementation with other bioorthogonal techniques, such as click chemistry. In most of these developments, Srt A is used to seamlessly tether oligoglycine-containing molecules to a protein of interest that is equipped with the enzyme's recognition sequence, LPXTG. However, the dependence on oligoglycine attacking nucleophiles and the associated cost of certain derivatives (e.g., cyclooctyne) limit the utility of this approach to lab-scale applications only. Thus, the quest to identify appropriate alternatives and understand their effectiveness remains an important area of research. This study identifies that steric and nucleophilicity-associated effects influence Srt A transpeptidation when two oligoglycine surrogates were examined. The approach was further used in complementation with click chemistry to synthesize bivalent and bifunctional nanobody conjugates for application in epithelial growth factor receptor targeting. The overall technique and tools developed here may facilitate the advancement of future nanotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene M Obeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - David L Steer
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Fulcher
- Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kylie M Wagstaff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
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8
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Kumari M, Acharya A, Krishnamurthy PT. Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:912-926. [PMID: 37701520 PMCID: PMC10494237 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.14.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology provides effective methods for precisely delivering chemotherapeutics to cancer cells, thereby improving efficacy and reducing off-target side effects. The targeted delivery of nanoscale chemotherapeutics is accomplished by two different approaches, namely the exploitation of leaky tumor vasculature (EPR effect) and the surface modification of nanoparticles (NPs) with various tumor-homing peptides, aptamers, oligonucleotides, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Because of higher binding affinity and specificity, mAbs have received a lot of attention for the detection of selective cancer biomarkers and also for the treatment of various types of cancer. Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles (ACNPs) are an effective targeted therapy for the efficient delivery of chemotherapeutics specifically to the targeted cancer cells. ACNPs combine the benefits of NPs and mAbs to provide high drug loads at the tumor site with better selectivity and delivery efficiency. The mAbs on the NP surfaces recognize their specific receptors expressed on the target cells and release the chemotherapeutic agent in a controlled manner. Appropriately designed and synthesized ACNPs are essential to fully realize their therapeutic benefits. In blood stream, ACNPs instantly interact with biological molecules, and a protein corona is formed. Protein corona formation triggers an immune response and affects the targeting ability of the nanoformulation. In this review, we provide recent findings to highlight several antibody conjugation methods such as adsorption, covalent conjugation, and biotin-avidin interaction. This review also provides an overview of the many effects of the protein corona and the theranostic applications of ACNPs for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amitabha Acharya
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur (H.P.) 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
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9
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Martins C, Sarmento B. Multi-ligand functionalized blood-to-tumor sequential targeting strategies in the field of glioblastoma nanomedicine. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1893. [PMID: 37186374 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an unmet clinical need characterized by a standard of care (SOC) 5-year survival rate of only 5%, and a treatment mostly palliative. Significant hurdles in GBM therapies include an effective penetration of therapeutics through the brain protective barrier, namely the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and a successful therapeutic delivery to brain-invading tumor cells post-BBB crossing. These hurdles, along with the poor prognosis and critical heterogeneity of the disease, have shifted attention to treatment modalities with capacity to precisely and sequentially target (i) BBB cells, inducing blood-to-brain transport, and (ii) GBM cells, leading to a higher therapeutic accumulation at the tumor site. This sequential targeting allows therapeutic molecules to reach the brain parenchyma and compromise molecular processes that support tumor cell invasion. Besides improving formulation and pharmacokinetics constraints of drugs, nanomedicines offer the possibility of being surface functionalized with multiple possibilities of targeting ligands, while delivering the desired therapeutic cargos to the biological sites of interest. Targeting ligands exploit the site-specific expression or overexpression of specific molecules on BBB and GBM cells, triggering brain plus tumor transport. Since the efficacy of single-ligand functionalized nanomedicines is limited due to the GBM anatomical site (brain) and disease complexity, this review presents an overview of multi-ligand functionalized, BBB and GBM sequentially- and dual-targeted nanomedicines reported in literature over the last 10 years. The role of the BBB in GBM progression, treatment options, and the multiple possibilities of currently available targeting ligands will be summarized. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Martins
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IUCS-CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
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10
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Zhang Z, Yan H, Cao W, Xie S, Ran P, Wei K, Li X. Ultrasound-Chargeable Persistent Luminescence Nanoparticles to Generate Self-Propelled Motion and Photothermal/NO Therapy for Synergistic Tumor Treatment. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16089-16106. [PMID: 37515593 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Cancer phototherapy indicates advantages in ease of manipulation, negligible drug resistance, and spatiotemporal control but is confronted with challenges in tumor cell accessibility and intermittent light excitation. Herein, we propose a strategy with persistent luminescence (PL)-excited photothermal therapy (PTT), concurrent thermophoresis-propelled motion, and PL-triggered NO release, where PL emission is chargeable by ultrasonication for readily applicable to deep tumors. Mechanoluminescent (ML) nanodots of SrAl2O4:Eu2+ (SAOE) and PL nanodots of ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ (ZGC) were deposited on mesoporous silicates to obtain mSZ nanoparticles (NPs), followed by partially coating with polydopamine (PDA) caps and loading NO donors to prepare Janus mSZ@PDA-NO NPs. The ML emission bands of SAOE nanodots overlap with the excitation band of ZGC, and the persistent near-infrared (NIR) emission could be repeatedly activated by ultrasonication. The PL emission acts as an internal NIR source to produce a thermophoretic force and NO gas propellers to drive the motion of Janus NPs. Compared with the commonly used intermittent NIR illumination at both 660 and 808 nm, the persistent motion of ultrasound-activated NPs enhances cellular uptake and long-lasting PTT and intracellular NO levels to combat tumor cells without the use of any chemotherapeutic drugs. The ultrasound-activated persistent motion promotes intratumoral accumulation and tumor distribution of PTT/NO therapeutics and exhibits significantly higher tumor growth inhibition, longer animal survival, and larger intratumoral NO levels than those who experience external NIR illumination. Thus, this study demonstrates a strategy to activate PL emissions and construct PL-excited nanomotors for phototherapy in deep tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanlin Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiong Cao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Xie
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Pan Ran
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Kun Wei
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
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11
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Das P, Pujals S, Ali LMA, Gary-Bobo M, Albertazzi L, Durand JO. Super-resolution imaging of antibody-conjugated biodegradable periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles for targeted chemotherapy of prostate cancer. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:12008-12024. [PMID: 37403617 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01571h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (nanoPMOs) are widely used as responsive drug delivery platforms for targeted chemotherapy of cancer. However, the evaluation of their properties such as surface functionality and biodegradability is still challenging, which has a significant impact on the efficiency of chemotherapy. In this study, we have applied direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM), a single-molecule super-resolution microscopy technique, to quantify the degradation of nanoPMOs triggered by glutathione and the multivalency of antibody-conjugated nanoPMOs. Subsequently, the effect of these properties on cancer cell targeting, drug loading and release capability, and anticancer activity is also studied. Due to the higher spatial resolution at the nanoscale, dSTORM imaging is able to reveal the structural properties (i.e., size and shape) of fluorescent and biodegradable nanoPMOs. The quantification of nanoPMOs' biodegradation using dSTORM imaging demonstrates their excellent structure-dependent degradation behavior at a higher glutathione concentration. The surface functionality of anti-M6PR antibody-conjugated nanoPMOs as quantified by dSTORM imaging plays a key role in prostate cancer cell labeling: oriented antibody is more effective than random ones, while high multivalency is also effective. The higher biodegradability and cancer cell-targeting properties of nanorods conjugated with oriented antibody (EAB4H) effectively deliver the anticancer drug doxorubicin to cancer cells, exhibiting potent anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Das
- Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34293, France.
- Nanoscopy for Nanomedicine Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Silvia Pujals
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Lamiaa M A Ali
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Magali Gary-Bobo
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Nanoscopy for Nanomedicine Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona 08036, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Olivier Durand
- Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34293, France.
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12
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Chen C, Chen C, Li Y, Gu R, Yan X. Characterization of lipid-based nanomedicines at the single-particle level. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 3:488-504. [PMID: 38933557 PMCID: PMC11197724 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid-based nanomedicines (LBNMs), including liposomes, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs), are recognized as one of the most clinically acceptable nano-formulations. However, the bench-to-bedside translation efficiency is far from satisfactory, mainly due to the lack of in-depth understanding of their physical and biochemical attributes at the single-particle level. In this review, we first give a brief introduction of LBNMs, highlighting some milestones and related scientific and clinical achievements in the past several decades, as well as the grand challenges in the characterization of LBNMs. Next, we present an overview of each category of LBNMs as well as the core properties that largely dictate their biological characteristics and clinical performance, such as size distribution, particle concentration, morphology, drug encapsulation and surface properties. Then, the recent applications of several analytical techniques including electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, Raman microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, tunable resistive pulse sensing and flow cytometry on the single-particle characterization of LBNMs are thoroughly discussed. Particularly, the comparative advantages of the newly developed nano-flow cytometry that enables quantitative analysis of both the physical and biochemical characteristics of LBNMs smaller than 40 nm with high throughput and statistical robustness are emphasized. The overall aim of this review article is to illustrate the importance, challenges and achievements associated with single-particle characterization of LBNMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxiang Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yurou Li
- Department of Chemical Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Ruilan Gu
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- Department of Chemical Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
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13
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Behan J, Xie Z, Wang YF, Yang X, Aastrup T, Yan Y, Adumeau L, Dawson KA. Quartz Crystal Microbalance Method to Measure Nanoparticle-Receptor Interactions and Evaluate Nanoparticle Design Efficiency. JACS AU 2023; 3:1623-1633. [PMID: 37388690 PMCID: PMC10301671 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Conjugation of biomolecules on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) to achieve active targeting is widely investigated within the scientific community. However, while a basic framework of the physicochemical processes underpinning bionanoparticle recognition is now emerging, the precise evaluation of the interactions between engineered NPs and biological targets remains underdeveloped. Here, we show how the adaptation of a method currently used to evaluate molecular ligand-receptor interactions by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) can be used to obtain concrete insights into interactions between different NP architectures and assemblies of receptors. Using a model bionanoparticle grafted with oriented apolipoprotein E (ApoE) fragments, we examine key aspects of bionanoparticle engineering for effective interactions with target receptors. We show that the QCM technique can be used to rapidly measure construct-receptor interactions across biologically relevant exchange times. We contrast random adsorption of the ligand at the surface of the NPs, resulting in no measurable interaction with target receptors, to grafted oriented constructs, which are strongly recognized even at lower graft densities. The effects of other basic parameters impacting the interaction such as ligand graft density, receptor immobilization density, and linker length were also efficiently evaluated with this technique. Dramatic changes in interaction outcomes with subtle alterations in these parameters highlight the general importance of measuring the interactions between engineered NPs and target receptors ex situ early on in the construct development process for the rational design of bionanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- James
A. Behan
- Centre
for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Zengchun Xie
- Centre
for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Yi-Feng Wang
- Centre
for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Xiaoliang Yang
- Centre
for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Teodor Aastrup
- Attana
AB, Greta Arwidssons
Väg 21, Stockholm SE-11419, Sweden
| | - Yan Yan
- UCD
Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of
Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University
College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Laurent Adumeau
- Centre
for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kenneth A. Dawson
- Centre
for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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14
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Obeng EM, Fulcher AJ, Wagstaff KM. Harnessing sortase A transpeptidation for advanced targeted therapeutics and vaccine engineering. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 64:108108. [PMID: 36740026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of potent prophylactic and therapeutic complexes has always required careful protein modification techniques with seamless capabilities. In this light, methods that favor unobstructed multivalent targeting and correct antigen presentations remain essential and very demanding. Sortase A (SrtA) transpeptidation has exhibited these attributes in various settings over the years. However, its applications for engineering avidity-inspired therapeutics and potent vaccines have yet to be significantly noticed, especially in this era where active targeting and multivalent nanomedications are in great demand. This review briefly presents the SrtA enzyme and its associated transpeptidation activity and describes interesting sortase-mediated protein engineering and chemistry approaches for achieving multivalent therapeutic and antigenic responses. The review further highlights advanced applications in targeted delivery systems, multivalent therapeutics, adoptive cellular therapy, and vaccine engineering. These innovations show the potential of sortase-mediated techniques in facilitating the development of simple plug-and-play nanomedicine technologies against recalcitrant diseases and pandemics such as cancer and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene M Obeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Alex J Fulcher
- Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Kylie M Wagstaff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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15
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Obeng EM, Steer DL, Fulcher AJ, Wagstaff KM. Sortase A transpeptidation produces seamless, unbranched biotinylated nanobodies for multivalent and multifunctional applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:2251-2260. [PMID: 37056610 PMCID: PMC10089078 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00014a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Exploitation of the biotin-streptavidin interaction for advanced protein engineering is used in many bio-nanotechnology applications. As such, researchers have used diverse techniques involving chemical and enzyme reactions to conjugate biotin to biomolecules of interest for subsequent docking onto streptavidin-associated molecules. Unfortunately, the biotin-streptavidin interaction is susceptible to steric hindrance and conformational malformation, leading to random orientations that ultimately impair the function of the displayed biomolecule. To minimize steric conflicts, we employ sortase A transpeptidation to produce quantitative, seamless, and unbranched nanobody-biotin conjugates for efficient display on streptavidin-associated nanoparticles. We further characterize the protein-nanoparticle complex and demonstrate its usefulness in optical microscopy and multivalent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) antigen interaction. The approach reported here provides a template for making novel multivalent and multifunctional protein complexes for avidity-inspired technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene M Obeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - David L Steer
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Alex J Fulcher
- Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Kylie M Wagstaff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
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16
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Hamelmann NM, Paulusse JMJ. Single-chain polymer nanoparticles in biomedical applications. J Control Release 2023; 356:26-42. [PMID: 36804328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Single-chain polymer nanoparticles (SCNPs) are a well-defined and uniquely sized class of polymer nanoparticles. The advances in polymer science over the past decades have enabled the development of a variety of intramolecular crosslinking systems, leading to particles in the 5-20 nm size regime. Which is aligned with the size regime of proteins and therefore making SCNPs an interesting class of NPs for biomedical applications. The high modularity of SCNP design and the ease of their functionalization have led to growing research interest. In this review, we describe different crosslinking systems, as well as the preparation of functional SCNPs and the variety of biomedical applications that have been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi M Hamelmann
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Jos M J Paulusse
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
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17
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Wu P, Prachyathipsakul T, Huynh U, Qiu J, Jerry DJ, Thayumanavan S. Optimizing Conjugation Chemistry, Antibody Conjugation Site, and Surface Density in Antibody-Nanogel Conjugates (ANCs) for Cell-Specific Drug Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2023. [PMID: 36972480 PMCID: PMC10522789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of therapeutics using antibody-nanogel conjugates (ANCs) with a high drug-to-antibody ratio has the potential to overcome some of the inherent limitations of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). ANC platforms with simple preparation methods and precise tunability to evaluate structure-activity relationships will greatly contribute to translating this promise into clinical reality. In this work, using trastuzumab as a model antibody, we demonstrate a block copolymer-based ANC platform that allows highly efficient antibody conjugation and formulation. In addition to showcasing the advantages of using an inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (iEDDA)-based antibody conjugation, we evaluate the influence of antibody surface density and conjugation site on the nanogels upon the targeting capability of ANCs. We show that compared to traditional strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloadditions, the preparation of ANCs using iEDDA provides significantly higher efficiency, which results in a shortened reaction time, simplified purification process, and enhanced targeting toward cancer cells. We also find that a site-specific disulfide-rebridging method in antibodies offers similar targeting abilities as the more indiscriminate lysine-based conjugation method. The more efficient bioconjugation using iEDDA allows us to optimize the avidity by fine-tuning the surface density of antibodies on the nanogel. Finally, with trastuzumab-mertansine (DM1) antibody-drug combination, our ANC demonstrates superior activities in vitro compared to the corresponding ADC, further highlighting the potential of ANCs in future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peidong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | | | - Uyen Huynh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jingyi Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - D Joseph Jerry
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - S Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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18
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Dubacheva GV, Curk T, Richter RP. Determinants of Superselectivity─Practical Concepts for Application in Biology and Medicine. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:729-739. [PMID: 36916901 PMCID: PMC10077582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusMultivalent interactions are common in biological systems and are also widely deployed for targeting applications in biomedicine. A unique feature of multivalent binding is "superselectivity". Superselectivity refers to the sharp discrimination of surfaces (e.g., on cells or cell compartments) by their comparative surface densities of a given receptor. This feature is different from the conventional "type" selectivity, which discriminates surfaces by their distinct receptor types. In a broader definition, a probe is superselective if it converts a gradual change in any one interaction parameter into a sharp on/off dependency in probe binding.This Account describes our systematic experimental and theoretical efforts over the past decade to analyze the determinants of superselective binding. It aims to offer chemical biologists, biophysicists, biologists, and biomedical scientists a set of guidelines for the interpretation of multivalent binding data, and design rules for tuning superselective targeting. We first provide a basic introduction that identifies multiple low-affinity interactions and combinatorial entropy as the minimal set of conditions required for superselective recognition. We then introduce the main experimental and theoretical tools and analyze how salient features of the multivalent probes (i.e., their concentration, size, ligand valency, and scaffold type), of the surface receptors (i.e., their affinity for ligands, surface density, and mobility), and of competitors and cofactors (i.e., their concentration and affinity for the ligands and/or receptors) influence the sharpness and the position of the threshold for superselective recognition.Emerging from this work are a set of relatively simple yet quantitative data analysis guidelines and superselectivity design rules that apply to a broad range of probe types and interaction systems. The key finding is the scaling variable xS which faithfully predicts the influence of the surface receptor density, probe ligand valency, receptor-ligand affinity, and competitor/cofactor concentrations and affinities on superselective recognition. The scaling variable is a simple yet versatile tool to quantitatively tune the on/off threshold of superselective probes. We exemplify its application by reviewing and reinterpreting literature data for selected biological and biomedical interaction systems where superselectivity clearly is important.Our guidelines can be deployed to generate a new mechanistic understanding of multivalent recognition events inside and outside cells and the downstream physiological/pathological implications. Moreover, the design rules can be harnessed to develop novel superselective probes for analytical purposes in the life sciences and for diagnostic/therapeutic intervention in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina V Dubacheva
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire (DCM), UMR 5250, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Tine Curk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Ralf P Richter
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, and Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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19
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Daniele R, Brazzale C, Arpac B, Tognetti F, Pesce C, Malfanti A, Sayers E, Mastrotto F, Jones AT, Salmaso S, Caliceti P. Influence of Folate-Targeted Gold Nanoparticles on Subcellular Localization and Distribution into Lysosomes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030864. [PMID: 36986724 PMCID: PMC10053352 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell interaction, mechanism of cell entry and intracellular fate of surface decorated nanoparticles are known to be affected by the surface density of targeting agents. However, the correlation between nanoparticles multivalency and kinetics of the cell uptake process and disposition of intracellular compartments is complicated and dependent on a number of physicochemical and biological parameters, including the ligand, nanoparticle composition and colloidal properties, features of targeted cells, etc. Here, we have carried out an in-depth investigation on the impact of increasing folic acid density on the kinetic uptake process and endocytic route of folate (FA)-targeted fluorescently labelled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). A set of AuNPs (15 nm mean size) produced by the Turkevich method was decorated with 0–100 FA-PEG3.5kDa-SH molecules/particle, and the surface was saturated with about 500 rhodamine-PEG2kDa-SH fluorescent probes. In vitro studies carried out using folate receptor overexpressing KB cells (KBFR-high) showed that the cell internalization progressively increased with the ligand surface density, reaching a plateau at 50:1 FA-PEG3.5kDa-SH/particle ratio. Pulse-chase experiments showed that higher FA density (50 FA-PEG3.5kDa-SH molecules/particle) induces more efficient particle internalization and trafficking to lysosomes, reaching the maximum concentration in lysosomes at 2 h, than the lower FA density of 10 FA-PEG3.5kDa-SH molecules/particle. Pharmacological inhibition of endocytic pathways and TEM analysis showed that particles with high folate density are internalized predominantly by a clathrin-independent process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Daniele
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Brazzale
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Busra Arpac
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Tognetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Cristiano Pesce
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessio Malfanti
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Avenue Mounier 73 B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Edward Sayers
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Ave, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Francesca Mastrotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Arwyn T. Jones
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Ave, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Stefano Salmaso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0498271602
| | - Paolo Caliceti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
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20
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Valency and affinity control of aptamer-conjugated nanoparticles for selective cancer cell targeting. J Control Release 2023; 355:228-237. [PMID: 36642253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are commonly functionalized using targeting ligands to drive their selective uptake in cells of interest. Typical target cell types are cancer cells, which often overexpress distinct surface receptors that can be exploited for NP therapeutics. However, these targeted receptors are also moderately expressed in healthy cells, leading to unwanted off-tumor toxicities. Multivalent interactions between NP ligands and cell receptors have been investigated to increase the targeting selectivity towards cancer cells due to their non-linear response to receptor density. However, to exploit the multivalent effect, multiple variables have to be considered such as NP valency, ligand affinity, and cell receptor density. Here, we synthesize a panel of aptamer-functionalized silica-supported lipid bilayers (SSLB) to study the effect of valency, aptamer affinity, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) density on targeting specificity and selectivity. We show that there is an evident interplay among those parameters that can be tuned to increase SSLB selectivity towards high-density EGFR cells and reduce accumulation at non-tumor tissues. Specifically, the combination of high-affinity aptamers and low valency SSLBs leads to increased high-EGFR cell selectivity. These insights provide a better understanding of the multivalent interactions of NPs with cells and bring the nanomedicine field a step closer to the rational design of cancer nanotherapeutics.
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21
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Murar M, Pujals S, Albertazzi L. Multivalent effect of peptide functionalized polymeric nanoparticles towards selective prostate cancer targeting. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1378-1385. [PMID: 36866255 PMCID: PMC9972852 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00601d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The concept of selective tumor targeting using nanomedicines has been around for decades; however, no targeted nanoparticle has yet reached the clinic. A key bottleneck is the non-selectivity of targeted nanomedicines in vivo, which is attributed to the lack of characterization of their surface properties, especially the ligand number, thereby calling for robust techniques that allow quantifiable outcomes for an optimal design. Multivalent interactions comprise multiple copies of ligands attached to scaffolds, allowing simultaneous binding to receptors, and they play an important role in targeting. As such, 'multivalent' nanoparticles facilitate simultaneous interaction of weak surface ligands with multiple target receptors resulting in higher avidity and enhanced cell selectivity. Therefore, the study of weak binding ligands for membrane-exposed biomarkers is crucial for the successful development of targeted nanomedicines. Here we carried out a study of a cell targeting peptide known as WQP having weak binding affinity for prostate specific membrane antigen, a known prostate cancer biomarker. We evaluated the effect of its multivalent targeting using polymeric NPs over its monomeric form on the cellular uptake in different prostate cancer cell lines. We developed a method of specific enzymatic digestion to quantify the number of WQPs on NPs having different surface valencies and observed that increasing valencies resulted in a higher cellular uptake of WQP-NPs over the peptide alone. We also found that WQP-NPs showed higher uptake in PSMA over-expressing cells, attributed to a stronger avidity for selective PSMA targeting. This kind of strategy can be useful for improving the binding affinity of a weak ligand as a means for selective tumor targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Murar
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Barcelona Spain
| | - Silvia Pujals
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC) Barcelona Spain
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Barcelona Spain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
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22
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Dong N, Liu Z, He H, Lu Y, Qi J, Wu W. "Hook&Loop" multivalent interactions based on disk-shaped nanoparticles strengthen active targeting. J Control Release 2023; 354:279-293. [PMID: 36641117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
How to enhance active targeting efficiency remains a challenge. Multivalent interactions play a crucial role in improving the binding ability between ligands and receptors. It is hypothesized that nanoparticles bearing a flat conformation attain simultaneous formation of multiple ligand-receptor bindings, which could be vividly metaphorized by the "Hook&Loop" rationale. In this study, spherical, rod-shaped and disk-shaped folic acid-modified red blood cell membrane-coated biomimetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (FRMSNs) were prepared to verify the shape-based multivalent interactions. The fundamental concepts of multivalent interactions have been proved by a series of both in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Physical characterization confirmed the morphology, shape and surface features of FRMSNs. Strengthened binding and internalization of disk-shaped FRMSNs by K562 cells stresses the merits of multivalent interactions. Whereas Bio-TEM visually demonstrates the proposed "plane" contact of disk-shaped particles with cells, quantification further confirmed strengthened "plane" binding affinity with folate binding proteins owing to multivalent interactions. In K562 xenograft mice, doxorubicin-loaded disk-shaped FRMSNs effectively slowed down chronic myeloid leukemia progression. It is concluded that disks favor multivalent interactions which leads to enhanced active targeting efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Dong
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhenyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Haisheng He
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianping Qi
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai 201203, China.
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23
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Zimmer O, Goepferich A. How clathrin-coated pits control nanoparticle avidity for cells. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:256-269. [PMID: 36594629 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00543c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The paramount relevance of clathrin-coated pits (CCPs) to receptor-mediated endocytosis of nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles, and viruses has made them the focus of many studies; however, the role of CCP geometry in the ligand-receptor interactions between multivalent nanoparticles and cells has not been investigated. We hypothesized the general dependence of nanoparticle binding energy on local membrane curvature to be expandable to the specific case of ligand-functionalized nanoparticles binding cell membranes, in the sense that membrane structures whose curvature matches that of the particle (e.g., CCPs) signficantly contribute to binding avidity. We investigated this hypothesis with nanoparticles that bind multivalently to angiotensin II receptor type 1, which is subject to clathrin-mediated endocytosis. When we used cholesterol extraction to prevent the action of CCPs, we found a 67 to 100-fold loss in avidity. We created a theoretical model that predicts this decrease based on the loss of ligand-receptor interactions when CCPs, which perfectly match nanoparticle geometry, are absent. Our findings shed new light on how cells "see" nanoparticles. The presence or absence of CPPs is so influential on how cells interact with nanoparticles that the number of particles required to be visible to cells changes by two orders of magnitude depending on CCP presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Zimmer
- Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, 93050, Germany.
| | - Achim Goepferich
- Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, 93050, Germany.
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24
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Abstract
This Review examines the state-of-the-art in the delivery of nucleic acid therapies that are directed to the vascular endothelium. First, we review the most important homeostatic functions and properties of the vascular endothelium and summarize the nucleic acid tools that are currently available for gene therapy and nucleic acid delivery. Second, we consider the opportunities available with the endothelium as a therapeutic target and the experimental models that exist to evaluate the potential of those opportunities. Finally, we review the progress to date from investigations that are directly targeting the vascular endothelium: for vascular disease, for peri-transplant therapy, for angiogenic therapies, for pulmonary endothelial disease, and for the blood-brain barrier, ending with a summary of the future outlook in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - W. Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
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25
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li X, Nie D, Liu C, Gan Y. Ligand-modified nanocarriers for oral drug delivery: Challenges, rational design, and applications. J Control Release 2022; 352:813-832. [PMID: 36368493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-modified nanocarriers (LMNCs) specific to their targets have attracted increasing interest for enhanced oral drug delivery in recent decades. Although the design of LMNCs for enhanced endocytosis and improved exposure of the loaded drugs through the oral route has received abundant attention, it remains unclear how the design influences their transcellular process, especially the key factors affecting their functions. This review discusses the extracellular and cellular barriers to orally administered LMNCs in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and new discoveries regarding the GI protein corona and the sequential transport barriers that impede the preplanned movements of LMNCs after oral administration. Furthermore, innovative progress in considering key factors (including target selection, ligand properties, and other important factors) in the rational design of LMNCs for oral drug delivery is presented. In particular, some factors that endow LMNCs with efficient transcytosis rather than only endocytosis are highlighted. Finally, the prospects of orally administered LMNCs in disease therapy for the enhanced oral/local bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients, as well as emerging delivery routes, such as lymphatic drug delivery and systemic location-specific drug release based on oral transcellular LMNCs, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Di Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China.
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26
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Archontakis E, Woythe L, van Hoof B, Albertazzi L. Mapping the relationship between total and functional antibodies conjugated to nanoparticles with spectrally-resolved direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (SR-dSTORM). NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:4402-4409. [PMID: 36321150 PMCID: PMC9552925 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00435f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) have shown numerous benefits in drug delivery and biosensing, improving the specificity of cell targeting and analyte detection, respectively. However, one of the main challenges is the lack of control over antibody orientation on the NP surface. Popular and easy conjugation strategies, such as carbodiimide-based conjugations, lead to a random orientation of antibodies on the NPs, compromising ligand functionality and contributing to undesired biological effects and reduced target recognition. While new methods for more controlled NP functionalization have been proposed, there is a lack of techniques that can elucidate the orientation of the antibodies at the single-particle level to determine the conjugation outcome and, therefore, the NPs' potential in selective targeting. Here, spectrally-resolved direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (SR-dSTORM), an optical super-resolution technique, is introduced to quantify the relationship between total and functional NP conjugated cetuximab antibodies at the single-particle level. An evident single-particle heterogeneity in total and functional cetuximab is observed, leading to particles with different functional : total ratios. Additionally, the results indicate that the functional : total ratio of cetuximab highly depends on the conjugated cetuximab concentration. Overall, SR-dSTORM represents a direct approach for the NP structure-functionality relationship quantification, providing a platform to improve antibody-conjugated NPs characterization and facilitating their rational design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Archontakis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Laura Woythe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Bas van Hoof
- Department of Applied Physics, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Nanoscopy for Nanomedicine, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia Barcelona Spain
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27
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Albert C, Bracaglia L, Koide A, DiRito J, Lysyy T, Harkins L, Edwards C, Richfield O, Grundler J, Zhou K, Denbaum E, Ketavarapu G, Hattori T, Perincheri S, Langford J, Feizi A, Haakinson D, Hosgood SA, Nicholson ML, Pober JS, Saltzman WM, Koide S, Tietjen GT. Monobody adapter for functional antibody display on nanoparticles for adaptable targeted delivery applications. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5998. [PMID: 36220817 PMCID: PMC9553936 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33490-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) play a central role in the pathophysiology of many diseases. The use of targeted nanoparticles (NPs) to deliver therapeutics to ECs could dramatically improve efficacy by providing elevated and sustained intracellular drug levels. However, achieving sufficient levels of NP targeting in human settings remains elusive. Here, we overcome this barrier by engineering a monobody adapter that presents antibodies on the NP surface in a manner that fully preserves their antigen-binding function. This system improves targeting efficacy in cultured ECs under flow by >1000-fold over conventional antibody immobilization using amine coupling and enables robust delivery of NPs to the ECs of human kidneys undergoing ex vivo perfusion, a clinical setting used for organ transplant. Our monobody adapter also enables a simple plug-and-play capacity that facilitates the evaluation of a diverse array of targeted NPs. This technology has the potential to simplify and possibly accelerate both the development and clinical translation of EC-targeted nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Albert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - L Bracaglia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - J DiRito
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - T Lysyy
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - L Harkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Edwards
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - O Richfield
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Grundler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - K Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - E Denbaum
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Ketavarapu
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - T Hattori
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Perincheri
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Langford
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Feizi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - D Haakinson
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S A Hosgood
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M L Nicholson
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J S Pober
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - W M Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S Koide
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - G T Tietjen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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28
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Obeng EM, Fianu I, Danquah MK. Multivalent ACE2 engineering-A promising pathway for advanced coronavirus nanomedicine development. NANO TODAY 2022; 46:101580. [PMID: 35942040 PMCID: PMC9350675 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2022.101580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The spread of coronavirus diseases has resulted in a clarion call to develop potent drugs and vaccines even as different strains appear beyond human prediction. An initial step that is integral to the viral entry into host cells results from an active-targeted interaction of the viral spike (S) proteins and the cell surface receptor, called angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Thus, engineered ACE2 has been an interesting decoy inhibitor against emerging coronavirus infestation. This article discusses promising innovative ACE2 engineering pathways for current and emerging coronavirus therapeutic development. First, we provide a brief discussion of some ACE2-associated human coronaviruses and their cell invasion mechanism. Then, we describe and contrast the individual spike proteins and ACE2 receptor interactions, highlighting crucial hotspots across the ACE2-associated coronaviruses. Lastly, we address the importance of multivalency in ACE2 nanomedicine engineering and discuss novel approaches to develop and achieve multivalent therapeutic outcomes. Beyond coronaviruses, these approaches will serve as a paradigm to develop new and improved treatment technologies against pathogens that use ACE2 receptor for invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene M Obeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Isaac Fianu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael K Danquah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, United States
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29
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Yang T, Zhai J, Hu D, Yang R, Wang G, Li Y, Liang G. "Targeting Design" of Nanoparticles in Tumor Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091919. [PMID: 36145668 PMCID: PMC9501451 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-targeted therapy based on nanoparticles is a popular research direction in the biomedical field. After decades of research and development, both the passive targeting ability of the inherent properties of NPs and the active targeting based on ligand receptor interaction have gained deeper understanding. Unfortunately, most targeted delivery strategies are still in the preclinical trial stage, so it is necessary to further study the biological fate of particles in vivo and the interaction mechanism with tumors. This article reviews different targeted delivery strategies based on NPs, and focuses on the physical and chemical properties of NPs (size, morphology, surface and intrinsic properties), ligands (binding number/force, activity and species) and receptors (endocytosis, distribution and recycling) and other factors that affect particle targeting. The limitations and solutions of these factors are further discussed, and a variety of new targeting schemes are introduced, hoping to provide guidance for future targeting design and achieve the purpose of rapid transformation of targeted particles into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jingming Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Dong Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Ruyue Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Guidan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yuanpei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Gaofeng Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (G.L.)
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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31
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Chen C, Zhou Y, Chen C, Zhu S, Yan X. Quantification of Available Ligand Density on the Surface of Targeted Liposomal Nanomedicines at the Single-Particle Level. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6886-6897. [PMID: 35394292 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Active targeting has been hailed as one of the most promising strategies to further enhance the therapeutic efficacy of liposomal nanomedicines. Owing to the critical role of ligand density in mediating cellular uptake and the intrinsic heterogeneity of liposomal formulations, precise quantification of the surface ligand density on a single-particle basis is of fundamental importance. In this work, we report a method to simultaneously measure the particle size and the number of ligands on the same liposomal nanoparticles by nanoflow cytometry. Then the ligand density for each individual liposome can be determined. With an analysis rate up to 10 000 particles per minute, a statistically representative distribution of ligand density could be determined in minutes. By utilizing fluorescently labeled recombinant receptors as the detection probe against the conjugated ligands, only those available for cell targeting can be exclusively detected. The influence of ligand input, conjugation strategy, and the polyethylene glycol spacer length on the available ligand density of folate-modified liposomes was investigated. The correlation between the available ligand density and cell targeting capability was assessed in a quantitative perspective for liposomes modified with three different targeting moieties. The optimal ligand density was determined to be 0.5-2.0, 0.7, and 0.2 ligand per 100 nm2 for folate-, transferrin-, and HER2-antibody-conjugated liposomes, respectively. These optimal values agreed well with the spike density of the natural counterparts, viruses. The as-developed approach is generally applicable to a wide range of active-targeting nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxiang Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxing Zhou
- Department of Chemical Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaobin Zhu
- Department of Chemical Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- Department of Chemical Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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32
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Kwak E, Kim T, Yang K, Kim YM, Han HS, Park KH, Choi KY, Roh YH. Surface-Functionalized Polymeric siRNA Nanoparticles for Tunable Targeting and Intracellular Delivery to Hematologic Cancer Cells. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2255-2263. [PMID: 35362323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To date, the application of RNA therapeutics to hematologic malignancies has been challenging owing to the resistance of blood cancer cells against conventional transfection methods. Herein, triple-targeting moiety-functionalized polymeric small interfering RNA (siRNA) nanoparticles were systematically developed for efficient targeted delivery of RNA therapeutics to hematologic cancer cells. Polymeric siRNAs were synthesized using rolling circle transcription and were surface-functionalized with three types of targeting moieties─a natural ligand and two additional combinations of cell-specific antibodies─for tunable targetability. As a proof of concept, the optimization of the hyaluronic acid/antibody conjugation ratio was performed for selective intracellular delivery to various non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) cell lines (Daudi, Raji, Ramos, and Toledo cells) via receptor-mediated endocytosis. The engineered nanoparticles showed almost 10-fold enhanced NHL-specific intracellular delivery and induced significant in vitro anticancer effects. This multitargeted nanoparticle platform may effectively support the intracellular delivery of polymeric siRNA sequences, and thus promote therapeutic effects in hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taehyung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjik Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Seung Han
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Choi
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Roh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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33
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Khan N, Ruchika, Kumar Dhritlahre R, Saneja A. Recent advances in dual-ligand targeted nanocarriers for cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:2288-2299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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34
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Woythe L, Madhikar P, Feiner-Gracia N, Storm C, Albertazzi L. A Single-Molecule View at Nanoparticle Targeting Selectivity: Correlating Ligand Functionality and Cell Receptor Density. ACS NANO 2022; 16:3785-3796. [PMID: 35274534 PMCID: PMC8945370 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) are commonly used to increase the targeting selectivity toward cells of interest. At a molecular level, the number of functional antibodies on the NP surface and the density of receptors on the target cell determine the targeting interaction. To rationally develop selective NPs, the single-molecule quantitation of both parameters is highly desirable. However, techniques able to count molecules with a nanometric resolution are scarce. Here, we developed a labeling approach to quantify the number of functional cetuximabs conjugated to NPs and the expression of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) in breast cancer cells using direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM). The single-molecule resolution of dSTORM allows quantifying molecules at the nanoscale, giving a detailed insight into the distributions of individual NP ligands and cell receptors. Additionally, we predicted the fraction of accessible antibody-conjugated NPs using a geometrical model, showing that the total number exceeds the accessible number of antibodies. Finally, we correlated the NP functionality, cell receptor density, and NP uptake to identify the highest cell uptake selectivity regimes. We conclude that single-molecule functionality mapping using dSTORM provides a molecular understanding of NP targeting, aiding the rational design of selective nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Woythe
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
(ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5612AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Pranav Madhikar
- Department
of Applied Physics, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Natalia Feiner-Gracia
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
(ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5612AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Storm
- Department
of Applied Physics, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08036, Spain
- E-mail:
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35
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Fleming A, Cursi L, Behan JA, Yan Y, Xie Z, Adumeau L, Dawson KA. Designing Functional Bionanoconstructs for Effective In Vivo Targeting. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:429-443. [PMID: 35167255 PMCID: PMC8931723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The progress achieved
over the last three decades in the field
of bioconjugation has enabled the preparation of sophisticated nanomaterial–biomolecule
conjugates, referred to herein as bionanoconstructs, for a multitude
of applications including biosensing, diagnostics, and therapeutics.
However, the development of bionanoconstructs for the active targeting
of cells and cellular compartments, both in vitro and in vivo, is challenged by the lack of understanding
of the mechanisms governing nanoscale recognition. In this review,
we highlight fundamental obstacles in designing a successful bionanoconstruct,
considering findings in the field of bionanointeractions. We argue
that the biological recognition of bionanoconstructs is modulated
not only by their molecular composition but also by the collective
architecture presented upon their surface, and we discuss fundamental
aspects of this surface architecture that are central to successful
recognition, such as the mode of biomolecule conjugation and nanomaterial
passivation. We also emphasize the need for thorough characterization
of engineered bionanoconstructs and highlight the significance of
population heterogeneity, which too presents a significant challenge
in the interpretation of in vitro and in
vivo results. Consideration of such issues together will
better define the arena in which bioconjugation, in the future, will
deliver functional and clinically relevant bionanoconstructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling Fleming
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Lorenzo Cursi
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - James A Behan
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Yan Yan
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Zengchun Xie
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Laurent Adumeau
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kenneth A Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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36
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Takemoto H, Nishiyama N. Construction of nanomaterials based on pH-responsive polymers for effective tumor delivery. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hamelmann NM, Paats JWD, Paulusse JMJ. Cytosolic Delivery of Single-Chain Polymer Nanoparticles. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:1443-1449. [PMID: 35549017 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytosolic delivery of therapeutic agents is key to improving their efficacy, as the therapeutics are primarily active in specific organelles. Single-chain polymer nanoparticles (SCNPs) are a promising nanocarrier platform in biomedical applications due to their unique size range of 5-20 nm, modularity, and ease of functionalization. However, cytosolic delivery of SCNPs remains challenging. Here, we report the synthesis of active ester-functional SCNPs of approximately 10 nm via intramolecular thiol-Michael addition cross-linking and their functionalization with increasing amounts of tertiary amines 0 to 60 mol % to obtain SCNPs with increasing positive surface charges. No significant cytotoxicity was detected in bEND.3 cells for the SCNPs, except when SCNPs with high amounts of tertiary amines were incubated over prolonged periods of time at high concentrations. Cellular uptake of the SCNPs was analyzed, presenting different uptake behavior depending on the degree of functionalization. Confocal microscopy revealed successful cytosolic delivery of SCNPs with high degrees of functionalization (45%, 60%), while SCNPs with low amounts (0% to 30%) of tertiary amines showed high degrees of colocalization with lysosomes. This work presents a strategy to direct the intracellular location of SCNPs by controlled surface modification to improve intracellular targeting for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi M. Hamelmann
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Willem D. Paats
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jos M. J. Paulusse
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen,
P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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38
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Fernández-Álvarez F, García-García G, Arias JL. A Tri-Stimuli Responsive (Maghemite/PLGA)/Chitosan Nanostructure with Promising Applications in Lung Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081232. [PMID: 34452193 PMCID: PMC8401782 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A (core/shell)/shell nanostructure (production performance ≈ 50%, mean diameter ≈ 330 nm) was built using maghemite, PLGA, and chitosan. An extensive characterization proved the complete inclusion of the maghemite nuclei into the PLGA matrix (by nanoprecipitation solvent evaporation) and the disposition of the chitosan shell onto the nanocomposite (by coacervation). Short-term stability and the adequate magnetism of the nanocomposites were demonstrated by size and electrokinetic determinations, and by defining the first magnetization curve and the responsiveness of the colloid to a permanent magnet, respectively. Safety of the nanoparticles was postulated when considering the results from blood compatibility studies, and toxicity assays against human colonic CCD-18 fibroblasts and colon carcinoma T-84 cells. Cisplatin incorporation to the PLGA matrix generated appropriate loading values (≈15%), and a dual pH- and heat (hyperthermia)-responsive drug release behaviour (≈4.7-fold faster release at pH 5.0 and 45 °C compared to pH 7.4 and 37 °C). The half maximal inhibitory concentration of the cisplatin-loaded nanoparticles against human lung adenocarcinoma A-549 cells was ≈1.6-fold less than that of the free chemotherapeutic. Such a biocompatible and tri-stimuli responsive (maghemite/PLGA)/chitosan nanostructure may found a promising use for the effective treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Fernández-Álvarez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Gracia García-García
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José L. Arias
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Andalusian Health Service (SAS), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-24-39-00
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Park H, Sut TN, Yoon BK, Zhdanov VP, Cho NJ, Jackman JA. Unraveling How Multivalency Triggers Shape Deformation of Sub-100 nm Lipid Vesicles. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:6722-6729. [PMID: 34263601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Multivalent ligand-receptor interactions are critical to the function of membrane-enveloped biological and biomimetic nanoparticles, yet resulting nanoparticle shape changes are rarely investigated. Using the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing technique, we tracked the attachment of biotinylated, sub-100 nm lipid vesicles to a streptavidin-functionalized supported lipid bilayer (SLB) and developed an analytical model to extract quantitative details about the vesicle-SLB contact region. The experimental results were supported by theoretical analyses of biotin-streptavidin complex formation and corresponding structural and energetic aspects of vesicle deformation. Our findings reveal how varying the surface densities of streptavidin receptors in the SLB and biotin ligands in the vesicles affects the extent of nanometer-scale vesicle deformation. We also identify conditions, i.e., a critical ligand density, at which appreciable vesicle deformation began, which provides insight into how the membrane bending energy partially counterposes the multivalent binding interaction energy. These findings are generalizable to various multivalent ligand-receptor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonjin Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive 637553, Singapore
| | - Tun Naw Sut
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive 637553, Singapore
| | - Bo Kyeong Yoon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Vladimir P Zhdanov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive 637553, Singapore
| | - Joshua A Jackman
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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40
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Guo W, Lakshminarayanan H, Rodriguez-Palacios A, Salata RA, Xu K, Draz MS. Glycan Nanostructures of Human Coronaviruses. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:4813-4830. [PMID: 34290504 PMCID: PMC8289332 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s302516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human coronaviruses present a substantial global disease burden, causing damage to populations’ health, economy, and social well-being. Glycans are one of the main structural components of all microbes and organismic structures, including viruses—playing multiple essential roles in virus infection and immunity. Studying and understanding virus glycans at the nanoscale provide new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of viruses. Glycan nanostructures are considered potential targets for molecular diagnosis, antiviral therapeutics, and the development of vaccines. This review article describes glycan nanostructures (eg, glycoproteins and glycolipids) that exist in cells, subcellular structures, and microbes. We detail the structure, characterization, synthesis, and functions of virus glycans. Furthermore, we describe the glycan nanostructures of different human coronaviruses, such as human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43), severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV), human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1), the Middle East respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and how glycan nanotechnology can be useful to prevent and combat human coronaviruses infections, along with possibilities that are not yet explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanru Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Harini Lakshminarayanan
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alex Rodriguez-Palacios
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Germ-Free and Gut Microbiome Core, Cleveland Digestive Diseases Research Core Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,University Hospitals Research and Education Institute, University Hospital Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert A Salata
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kaijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohamed S Draz
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Passaro F, Tocchetti CG, Spinetti G, Paudice F, Ambrosone L, Costagliola C, Cacciatore F, Abete P, Testa G. Targeting fibrosis in the failing heart with nanoparticles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:461-481. [PMID: 33984409 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by typical symptoms and signs caused by a structural and/or functional cardiac abnormality, resulting in a reduced cardiac output and/or elevated intracardiac pressures at rest or during stress. Due to increasing incidence, prevalence and, most importantly mortality, HF is a healthcare burden worldwide, despite the improvement of treatment options and effectiveness. Acute and chronic cardiac injuries trigger the activation of neurohormonal, inflammatory, and mechanical pathways ultimately leading to fibrosis, which plays a key role in the development of cardiac dysfunction and HF. The use of nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery would greatly improve therapeutic options to identify, prevent and treat cardiac fibrosis. In this review we will highlight the mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis development to depict the pathophysiological features for passive and active targeting of acute and chronic cardiac fibrosis with nanoparticles. Then we will discuss how cardiomyocytes, immune and inflammatory cells, fibroblasts and extracellular matrix can be targeted with nanoparticles to prevent or restore cardiac dysfunction and to improve the molecular imaging of cardiac fibrosis.
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Liu Z, Wang S, Tapeinos C, Torrieri G, Känkänen V, El-Sayed N, Python A, Hirvonen JT, Santos HA. Non-viral nanoparticles for RNA interference: Principles of design and practical guidelines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:576-612. [PMID: 34019958 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) is an innovative treatment strategy for a myriad of indications. Non-viral synthetic nanoparticles (NPs) have drawn extensive attention as vectors for RNAi due to their potential advantages, including improved safety, high delivery efficiency and economic feasibility. However, the complex natural process of RNAi and the susceptible nature of oligonucleotides render the NPs subject to particular design principles and requirements for practical fabrication. Here, we summarize the requirements and obstacles for fabricating non-viral nano-vectors for efficient RNAi. To address the delivery challenges, we discuss practical guidelines for materials selection and NP synthesis in order to maximize RNA encapsulation efficiency and protection against degradation, and to facilitate the cytosolic release of oligonucleotides. The current status of clinical translation of RNAi-based therapies and further perspectives for reducing the potential side effects are also reviewed.
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43
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Monaghan MG, Murphy CM. Old Drugs, New Tricks - Redefining Therapeutic Strategies For Tissue Regeneration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 173:279-280. [PMID: 33812941 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Monaghan
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, and Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ciara M Murphy
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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