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O'Loughlin CM, McClure K, Ammerman BA. Development and validation of the self-injury stigma scale. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 173:48-57. [PMID: 38484618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury is a prevalent and concerning behavior. Negative beliefs and stereotypes about NSSI are associated with negative outcomes, and negative, self-referential beliefs (e.g., self-stigmatizing beliefs) related to engagement in NSSI may be particularly harmful. Despite this, there is no validated measure specifically designed to assess for NSSI self-stigma. As this significantly hinders the ability to understand and quantify the effect of NSSI self-stigma, this study sought to validate the newly developed Self-Injury Stigma Scale (SISS). It was hypothesized the SISS would follow a four-factor structure that parallels a widely cited theoretical model of stigma. It was also hypothesized measures of shame and help-seeking self-stigma would be moderately, negatively, correlated with the SISS subscales, supporting the measure's validity. Participants from Study 1 were college students (n = 264, 65.8% female) with at least one lifetime NSSI act. A series of factor analytic models revealed a one-factor structure for the Application of Stigma subscale (i.e., third step of the four-step model). As this was the only SISS subscale to achieve an appropriate model fit, this scale alone was retained as the final SISS. The factor structure was tested via confirmatory factor analysis on a second sample (i.e., community participants with at least one past month of NSSI act; n = 240, 41.3% female). An acceptable fit on most, but not all, indices was reached. Convergent and discriminant validity were supported. The SISS retrospectively predicted past 3 month NSSI frequency and method versatility, and lifetime NSSI versatility, but not lifetime NSSI frequency or disclosure. Thus, the clinical utility of the SISS was partially supported. Findings offering evidence in favor of the SISS's appropriateness and utility as a measure of self-stigma of NSSI. Future work using this measure has the potential to clarify the risk associated with NSSI self-stigma and inform behavioral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin M O'Loughlin
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Psychology, 339 Corbett Family Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46617, USA.
| | - Kenneth McClure
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Psychology, 339 Corbett Family Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46617, USA
| | - Brooke A Ammerman
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Psychology, 339 Corbett Family Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46617, USA
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2
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Liu S, Wang Y, He W, Chen Y, Wang Q. The effect of students' effort-reward imbalance on learning engagement: the mediating role of learned helplessness and the moderating role of social support. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1329664. [PMID: 38390420 PMCID: PMC10881799 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1329664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction To explore the predictive effect of effort-reward imbalance on students' learning engagement and to elucidate the underlying mechanism, 796 students were selected for a survey. Methods The participants were required to complete four scales: the Effort-reward Imbalance Scale, the Learning Engagement Scale, the Learned Helplessness Questionnaire, and the Perceived Social Support Scale. Results (1) Students' effort-reward imbalance significantly and negatively predicts their learning engagement; (2) Learned helplessness serves as a mediator in the relationship between students' effort-reward imbalance and learning engagement; (3) Social support plays a moderating role in the association between effort-reward imbalance and learned helplessness. High levels of social support can buffer the impact of an effort-reward imbalance on learned helplessness, and the protective effect of social support is more obvious when the effort-reward imbalance is low. Discussion The present study revealed how an effort-reward imbalance affects learning engagement among students through the dimensions of learned helplessness and perceived social support. The constructed model not only further clarifies the mechanism underlying the relationship between effort-reward imbalance and learning engagement but also holds significant implications for guiding students' education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengmin Liu
- School of Teacher Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanru Wang
- School of Teacher Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanning He
- School of Teacher Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Teacher Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiangqiang Wang
- School of Teacher Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Meuleman EM, van der Veld WM, Laceulle OM, van der Heijden PT, Verhagen M, van Ee E. Youth Perceived Social Support and Symptom Distress: A Random-Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:117-129. [PMID: 37714995 PMCID: PMC10761440 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Although social support and mental health associations have been extensively investigated, their reciprocal relations in vulnerable youth remain understudied. This study investigated the relations between perceived social support and symptom distress over time whilst differentiating between support from caregivers and significant others. The sample included 257 youth (79% self-identified women, Mage = 19.2, SD = 2.5) who were receiving mental health treatment. Using a Random-Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model, results revealed no significant concurrent associations, between-person effects, or cross-lagged effects. The autoregressive effects suggested that perceived social support from caregivers was relatively stable over time, while symptom distress and support from a significant other were not. In all, this study challenged the validity of the social causation and social erosion models in the context of perceived social support and symptom distress among vulnerable youth, revealing an absence of significant reciprocal associations. The stable nature of perceived social support from caregivers compared to support from significant others was highlighted. The study design, hypotheses, and target analyses were preregistered under https://osf.io/f4qpg .
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline M Meuleman
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Odilia M Laceulle
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul T van der Heijden
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Reinier van Arkel, Mental Health Institute, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Verhagen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisa van Ee
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Reinier van Arkel, Mental Health Institute, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
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Cho S. Long-Term Relationships Between Negative Life Events and Suicidal Ideation Specifying Agnew's General Theory of Crime and Delinquency: A 7-Year Longitudinal Mediation Analysis. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2023; 38:459-484. [PMID: 37380340 DOI: 10.1891/vv-2021-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal mediationa(l pathways on the link between various straining experiences and suicidal ideation and to test whether its relationship was mediated by the role of negative emotions, constraints, and motivations. Data for this study were collected as part of the Korean Welfare Panel Study, which was a longitudinal study conducted among 7,027 Korean households, surveyed annually from 2006 to 2012. The results indicated that bullying victimization had important effects on negative emotions, although bullying victimization was not significant for later suicidal ideation. Peer delinquency was significantly correlated with negative emotions and positively predicted later suicidal ideation. Also, the significant impact of bullying victimization was transmitted to suicidal ideation through negative emotions. It implies that individuals' negative life events predicted strain or stressors generating negative emotions that, in turn, led to a high risk of suicidal ideation as a possible coping skill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujung Cho
- Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
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5
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Zhang Y, Zhang L. Relationship among Aggression, Non-Suicidal Self-Injury, and Depression in Youths. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 52:1711-1719. [PMID: 37744528 PMCID: PMC10512140 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v52i8.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Competition among countries becomes fiercer with progress in globalization. As the future and hope of national development, the youth are undertaking intensifying competitive pressures. More youths suffer psychological health issues, such as non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), depression, and aggressive behaviors. What are the relationships among suicidal self-injury, aggression, and depression? There's few systematic study on these two aspects yet. Thus, we examined the relationship between aggression and NSSI in youths, as well as the mediating effects of depression in such a relationship. Methods A total of 770 youths (comprising university students, community youths and rural migrant workers) in Zhejiang, Anhui and Henan in China were investigated from August to December 2022 by using the aggression scale, NSSI scale, and depression scale. The relationship among aggression, NSSI and depression in youths was discussed through a t-test, correlation analysis, and multivariate regression analysis. Results With respect to abuse experiences during childhood, parental emotional status and family conditions, the total scores in aggression, NSSI, and depression of youths differed significantly (P<0.05). A significantly positive correlation existed between aggression and NSSI of youths (r=0.41, P<0.01), a significantly positive correlation existed between aggression and depression (r=0.42, P<0.01), and a significantly positive correlation exists between NSSI and depression (r=0.42, P<0.01). Aggression of youths had not only direct and positive prediction effects on NSSI (B=0.41, P<0.001) but also indirect effects on NSSI through depression. Conclusion Aggression, NSSI and depression of youths were influenced significantly by abuse experiences during childhood, parental emotional status and family conditions. Depression has partial mediating effects between aggression and NSSI in youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Center for Cultural Communication Research, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, China
- Center for Youth Development Research, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Center for Youth Development Research, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
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Kellerman JK, Millner AJ, Joyce VW, Nash CC, Buonopane R, Nock MK, Kleiman EM. Social Support and Nonsuicidal Self-injury among adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2022; 50:1351-1361. [PMID: 35579780 PMCID: PMC10773970 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00931-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cross-sectional studies and prospective studies with long follow-up periods (e.g., years) have shown that lower levels of social support are associated with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents. This study examined how short-term changes in social support may contribute to NSSI behavior and whether different sources of support (e.g., friends, family members) provide differential protective effects against NSSI. We examined fluctuations in NSSI and social support perceived from multiple sources among a sample of 118 high-risk adolescents hospitalized for serious self-harm risk. Participants provided daily reports of social support and any self-injurious behavior for the duration of their inpatient treatment (721 total observations, average observations per participant = 6.11). Multi-level models were used to assess variability in social support and how these fluctuations relate to whether or not an individual engages in NSSI. Over one-third of participants reported engaging in NSSI at least once during inpatient hospitalization and self-reported social support varied within person across sources of support (ICC range = 0.68-0.81). Support perceived from family members and inpatient unit staff was inversely associated with NSSI, but no relationship was found between NSSI and support from other patients on the unit or friends outside of the unit. These findings suggest that the protective effects of social support for NSSI vary over short periods of time and that support perceived from adults is particularly relevant among this high-risk clinical sample. This study represents an important step in identifying risk factors to improve the detection and prevention of NSSI among adolescent inpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Kellerman
- Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Sciences Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 53 Avenue E, Room 627, 08854, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Alexander J Millner
- Franciscan Children's Hospital, Brighton, MA, USA
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Carol C Nash
- Franciscan Children's Hospital, Brighton, MA, USA
| | | | - Matthew K Nock
- Franciscan Children's Hospital, Brighton, MA, USA
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Evan M Kleiman
- Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Sciences Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 53 Avenue E, Room 627, 08854, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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Bresin K, Mekawi Y. Different Ways to Drown Out the Pain: A Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Alcohol Use. Arch Suicide Res 2022; 26:348-369. [PMID: 32780651 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2020.1802378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a significant overlap in the motivations for nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and alcohol use. Moreover, several theories would predict that more frequent alcohol use is likely associated with more NSSI engagement. Still, the size and direction of this association has not been well documented in the literature. METHOD To address this gap, the goal of this article was to conduct a meta-analysis of the relation between alcohol use and NSSI. RESULTS Across 57 samples and 141,669 participants, we found that there was a significant positive association between NSSI and alcohol use, odds ratio = 1.78, 95% confidence interval [1.53, 2.07], k = 64, m = 52. Moderator analyses found that this effect was stronger for younger samples and samples with more severe alcohol use problems. CONCLUSIONS These results help establish a link between NSSI and alcohol use. Implications and future directions for NSSI research and intervention are discussed.HighlightsThere are several reasons to think that NSSI and alcohol use are linked.No reviews or meta-analyses have been conducted.We found a significant and small effect linking greater NSSI with greater alcohol use.
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Forbes CN, Tull MT, Chapman AL, Dixon-Gordon KL, Gratz KL. Implicit Associations of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury with Relief in Posttraumatic Stress and Depressive Disorders. Arch Suicide Res 2022; 26:565-580. [PMID: 32866425 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2020.1811182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although once considered a defining feature of borderline personality disorder, research has found high rates of NSSI among individuals with other psychiatric disorders, particularly posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive disorders. A recent study from our research team found that lifetime PTSD and depressive disorders were associated with unique self-reported NSSI motives. Given well-established limitations of assessing motives via self-report measures, the present study sought to extend this line of research by using a novel laboratory measure of the implicit NSSI-relief association to examine NSSI emotional relief motives. METHOD A subset of participants from our previous study (N = 109) completed diagnostic interviews and the laboratory-based DSH-Relief Implicit Association Test (IAT). RESULTS Findings indicated that individuals with lifetime PTSD evidenced stronger NSSI-relief associations than those without PTSD. Further, this main effect was qualified by a PTSD by depressive disorder interaction, such that stronger NSSI-relief associations were found among individuals with lifetime PTSD but no lifetime depressive disorder than among individuals without a history of either PTSD or a depressive disorder. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the importance of investigating NSSI motives associated with different symptom profiles using a multi-method approach.
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Sorgi KM, Ammerman BA, Cheung JC, Fahlgren MK, Puhalla AA, McCloskey MS. Relationships between Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Other Maladaptive Behaviors: Beyond Difficulties in Emotion Regulation. Arch Suicide Res 2021; 25:530-551. [PMID: 31994980 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2020.1715906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) co-occurs with both other maladaptive behaviors (e.g., aggression) and emotion dysregulation. However, the extent to which these maladaptive behaviors are linked to NSSI independent of emotion dysregulation is unclear. The present study examined relationships between NSSI and six other maladaptive behaviors among university undergraduates. When controlling for demographic variables, emotion dysregulation, and other maladaptive behaviors, binge eating, purging, illicit drug use, and physical aggression were each related to lifetime NSSI history and/or severity. No maladaptive behaviors were significantly related to the presence of current diagnostic-level NSSI in these multivariate analyses. Results suggest that some maladaptive behaviors may relate uniquely to NSSI risk independent of emotion dysregulation, highlighting the importance of considering such behaviors in self-injury assessment and treatment.
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Baetens I, Greene D, Van Hove L, Van Leeuwen K, Wiersema JR, Desoete A, Roelants M. Predictors and consequences of non-suicidal self-injury in relation to life, peer, and school factors. J Adolesc 2021; 90:100-108. [PMID: 34182197 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous life, peer, and school-related factors have been found to be associated with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents; however, most studies have not explored the possible reciprocal nature of these associations. The aim of the current study was to examine bidirectional and longitudinal associations between NSSI and several life, peer, and school-related factors (i.e., stressful life events, peer relationships, academic achievement, and attitudes towards school). METHOD Community-based adolescents completed questionnaires assessing the variables of interest at three time points; age 12 (T1; 55.09% girls), age 13 (T2; 56.95% girls), and ages 14-15 (T3; 57.41% girls). In total, 529 adolescents provided complete data across all three-time points. RESULTS Analyses showed a bidirectional association between NSSI and both attitudes towards school and stressful life events. Specifically, stressful life events at T2 predicted engagement in NSSI at T3, and NSSI at T2 predicted increased risk of stressful life events at T3. Similarly, having negative attitudes towards school predicted NSSI at T2, which, in turn, predicted negative attitudes towards school at T3. Further, academic achievement at T1 was negatively associated with NSSI at T2. Peer relationships were neither a predictor nor a consequence of NSSI. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that NSSI can be both a predictor and a consequence of various life, and school factors. Focus on these factors in prevention and intervention efforts for NSSI among adolescents may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Baetens
- Brussels University Consultation Center, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - D Greene
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Australia
| | - L Van Hove
- Brussels University Consultation Center, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Van Leeuwen
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - J R Wiersema
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - A Desoete
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - M Roelants
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Belgium
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White HV, Silamongkol T, Wiglesworth A, Labella MH, Goetz ER, Cullen KR, Klimes-Dougan B. Maternal Emotion Socialization of Adolescent Girls Engaging in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2021; 49:683-695. [PMID: 33521893 PMCID: PMC8443321 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-020-00758-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self injury (NSSI) is a transdiagnostic maladaptive behavior that is highly prevalent in adolescence. A greater understanding of the mechanisms leading to NSSI is needed to guide the development of prevention efforts. The current study examined the relationship between maternal socialization of emotions and NSSI behaviors in their children. Female adolescents (N = 90, 12-17 years old) who demonstrated a range of NSSI lifetime episodes from none to very frequent were included in this sample. Maternal responses to their children's displays of sadness, anger, and happiness were assessed. Principal components analysis was used to categorize items into supportive and unsupportive maternal emotion socialization responses for the three emotions. Adolescents whose mothers reported less supportive maternal responses to child's expressions of sadness and anger had more lifetime NSSI episodes. Many of these patterns remained when follow-up analyses considered an extreme group approach (e.g., high counts of NSSI versus no NSSI), when analyses focused on specific diagnostic subgroups (e.g., depression and anxiety), and to some extent (socialization of anger) when current NSSI was considered. While the cross-sectional study design prevents causal conclusions, transactional theories raise the possibility that mothers' emotion socialization may impact offspring NSSI and offspring engagement in NSSI may result in mothers altering their socialization practices to accommodate their child's unique needs. Future research should employ longitudinal methodology to examine the time course, consider the role of emotion regulation as an explanatory mechanism, and consider intervention methods that may teach effective emotion socialization for parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen V White
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
| | - Thanharat Silamongkol
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Madelyn H Labella
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Delaware, USA
| | - Emersyn R Goetz
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kathryn R Cullen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
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Liu L, Liu C, Ke X, Li N. Mediating effect of social support on the association between life events and depression: A cross-sectional study of adolescents in Chongqing China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22627. [PMID: 33371057 PMCID: PMC7748167 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common mental health problems in adolescents. The link between negative life events and depression has been well established. However, our understanding about the role of social support in the link, which is likely culture-dependent, is quite limited. This study aimed to determine the mediating effect of social support on the association between life events and depression in adolescents in Chongqing China.A total of 1512 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years old in Chongqing of China were selected using a stratified cluster sampling strategy. Depression symptoms, negative life events, and perceived social support of the participants were measured using the Children's Depression Inventory, Adolescent Life Event Scale, and Child and Adolescent Social Support Scale, respectively. Pearson correlation analyses were performed to detect their associations. A multivariate linear regression model was established to determine the association between life events and depression after adjustment for variations in socio-demographic variables. The mediating effect of social support on the association between negative life events and depression was tested using the structural equation model.About 16.8% of the participants were detected with depression. Depression was associated with negative life events and low levels of social support (P < .05). Both frequency and perceived importance of social support showed a mediating effect on the association between life events and depression.Social support has a mediating effect on the association between life events and depression. Strengthening social support may be considered as an effective interventional strategy on depression in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- School of Law and Public Administration, Yibin University, Yibin
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Chaojie Liu
- China Health Program, La Trobe University, Plenty Road & Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xiong Ke
- Research center for the development of Sichuan provincial primary health care, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ningxiu Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
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Moreira ÉDS, Vale RRMD, Caixeta CC, Teixeira RAG. Automutilação em adolescentes: revisão integrativa da literatura. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2020; 25:3945-3954. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320202510.31362018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura acerca dos conhecimentos produzidos pela comunidade científica sobre automutilação em adolescentes no período de janeiro de 2012 a junho de 2017. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados SCIELO e Portal CAPES, em português, inglês e espanhol com amostra final de 71 artigos. Este estudo mostrou grande número de publicações a nível internacional, com destaque para artigos epidemiológicos e fragilidade na publicação de estudos de intervenção que investiguem a eficácia de terapias e programas de prevenção.
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14
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Shahzad F, Du J, Khan I, Fateh A, Shahbaz M, Abbas A, Wattoo MU. Perceived Threat of COVID-19 Contagion and Frontline Paramedics' Agonistic Behaviour: Employing a Stressor-Strain-Outcome Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5102. [PMID: 32679748 PMCID: PMC7400234 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Historically, infectious diseases have been the leading cause of human psychosomatic strain and death tolls. This research investigated the recent threat of COVID-19 contagion, especially its impact among frontline paramedics treating patients with COVID-19, and their perception of self-infection, which ultimately increases their agonistic behaviour. Based on the stressor-strain-outcome paradigm, a research model was proposed and investigated using survey-based data through a structured questionnaire. The results found that the perceived threat of COVID-19 contagion (emotional and cognitive threat) was positively correlated with physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion, which led toward agonistic behaviour. Further, perceived social support was a key moderator that negatively affected the relationships between agonistic behaviour and physiological anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion. These findings significantly contributed to the current literature concerning COVID-19 and pandemic-related effects on human behaviour. This study also theorized the concept of human agonistic behaviour, which has key implications for future researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhar Shahzad
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jianguo Du
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Management Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan; (I.K.); (M.U.W.)
| | - Adnan Fateh
- Faculty of Business and Accountancy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Lyallpur Business School, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Adnan Abbas
- School of Economics and Management, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China;
| | - Muhammad Umair Wattoo
- Department of Management Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan; (I.K.); (M.U.W.)
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15
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Nemati H, Sahebihagh MH, Mahmoodi M, Ghiasi A, Ebrahimi H, Barzanjeh Atri S, Mohammadpoorasl A. Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Its Relationship with Family Psychological Function and Perceived Social Support among Iranian High School Students. J Res Health Sci 2020; 20:e00469. [PMID: 32814690 PMCID: PMC7585761 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2020.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has become one of the serious public health concerns among adolescents. Factors like family and social environment of adolescents may be important determinants of the NSSI. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between family psychological function and perceived social support with the NSSI experience among adolescents. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS Overall, 4216 high school students (15-18 yr old) of Tabriz City, northwestern Iran were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling method in October and November 2017. Participants completed survey including demographic characteristics, NSSI status, Iranian family psychological function, and perceived social support. After six months, NSSI status was reassessed. The data were analyzed using logistic regression model. RESULTS 8.5% of the students had NSSI experience. In addition, the weak family psychological function increased the odds of experiencing the NSSI by 13 times compared to the strong psychological function (OR = 13.15, 95% CI: 7.19, 23.80). Besides, the low level of perceived social support increased the odds of experiencing the NSSI by about 7 times compared to the high perception of social support (OR= 6.67, 95% CI: 4.01, 11.11). CONCLUSION Low levels of psychological functioning of the families and perception of social support significantly can increase the odds of experiencing the NSSI among adolescents. Therefore, special attention should be paid to these factors in the development of relevant preventive programs in adolescence period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Nemati
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Sahebihagh
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahbobeh Mahmoodi
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Akbar Ghiasi
- HEB School of Business and Administration, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hossein Ebrahimi
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Barzanjeh Atri
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asghar Mohammadpoorasl
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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16
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Moraes DX, Moreira ÉDS, Sousa JM, Vale RRMD, Pinho ES, Dias PCDS, Caixeta CC. “The pen is the blade, my skin the paper”: risk factors for self-injury in adolescents. Rev Bras Enferm 2020; 73:e20200578. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the risk factors that influence the self-injury behavior of adolescents assisted at a Psychosocial Care Center for Children and Adolescents, according to subjects’ own perceptions. Method: a descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study carried out through medical records and a focus group with 07 adolescents. The statements were submitted to thematic content analysis. Results: in the risk factors category, four subcategories emerged: Family adversity factors; Social contagion; Adverse life events; Personal characteristics. Conflicts, lack of support, drug use in the family, meeting someone who cuts themselves, social networks, religiosity, history of sexual violence and bullying were identified as risk factors that influence self-injury. Final Considerations: adolescents pointed out the need for prejudice-free dialogues in schools, in health and family devices, configuring protective factors to avoid this practice that comes from several negative events throughout life.
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17
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Motives for Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Individuals with Lifetime Depressive Disorders and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-019-09739-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Preoccupied but not dismissing attachment states of mind are associated with nonsuicidal self-injury. Dev Psychopathol 2017; 29:379-388. [PMID: 28401828 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417000050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this investigation the factor structure of the Adult Attachment Interview was studied in a partially at-risk sample of 120 young adults. More specifically, 60 participants had engaged in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI; 53 females, M age = 20.38 years), and 60 were non-self-injuring controls matched by age and sex. Theoretically anticipated differential associations between preoccupied (but not dismissing) states of mind and NSSI were then examined. Exploratory factor analyses identified evidence for two weakly correlated state of mind dimensions (i.e., dismissing and preoccupied) consistently identified in factor analyses of normative-risk samples. As hypothesized, results further showed that preoccupied (but not dismissing) states of mind were associated with NSSI behavior. Findings support existing arguments suggesting that the regulatory strategy adults adopt when discussing attachment-related experiences with primary caregivers, particularly passive, angry, or unresolved discourse patterns, is uniquely correlated with NSSI.
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19
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Lamb R, Annetta L, Hoston D, Shapiro M, Matthews B. Examining human behavior in video games: The development of a computational model to measure aggression. Soc Neurosci 2017; 13:301-317. [PMID: 28398138 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2017.1318777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Video games with violent content have raised considerable concern in popular media and within academia. Recently, there has been considerable attention regarding the claim of the relationship between aggression and video game play. The authors of this study propose the use of a new class of tools developed via computational models to allow examination of the question of whether there is a relationship between violent video games and aggression. The purpose of this study is to computationally model and compare the General Aggression Model with the Diathesis Mode of Aggression related to the play of violent content in video games. A secondary purpose is to provide a method of measuring and examining individual aggression arising from video game play. Total participants examined for this study are N = 1065. This study occurs in three phases. Phase 1 is the development and quantification of the profile combination of traits via latent class profile analysis. Phase 2 is the training of the artificial neural network. Phase 3 is the comparison of each model as a computational model with and without the presence of video game violence. Results suggest that a combination of environmental factors and genetic predispositions trigger aggression related to video games.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Lamb
- a Department of Learning and Instruction, Graduate School of Education , University at Buffalo , Amherst , NY , USA
| | - Leonard Annetta
- b Department of Mathematics, Science, and Instructional Technology , East Carolina University , Greenville , NC , USA
| | - Douglas Hoston
- a Department of Learning and Instruction, Graduate School of Education , University at Buffalo , Amherst , NY , USA
| | - Marina Shapiro
- c College Education and Human Development , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA , USA
| | - Benjamin Matthews
- c College Education and Human Development , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA , USA
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20
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Calhoun PS, Van Voorhees EE, Elbogen EB, Dedert EA, Clancy CP, Hair LP, Hertzberg M, Beckham JC, Kimbrel NA. Nonsuicidal self-injury and interpersonal violence in U.S. veterans seeking help for posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatry Res 2017; 247:250-256. [PMID: 27930966 PMCID: PMC5191947 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been defined as deliberately damaging one's body tissue without conscious suicidal intent. NSSI is a robust predictor of suicidal ideation and attempts in adults. While NSSI has been associated with other-directed violence in adolescent populations, the link between NSSI and interpersonal violence in adults is less clear. The current study examined the cross-sectional relationship between NSSI and past-year interpersonal violence among 729 help-seeking veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Veterans who reported a recent history of engaging in cutting, hitting, or burning themselves were significantly more likely to report making violent threats and engaging in violent acts, including the use of a knife or gun, in the past year than veterans without NSSI. NSSI was uniquely associated with interpersonal violence after controlling for a variety of dispositional, historical, contextual, and clinical risk factors for violence, including age, race, socio-economic status, marital status, employment status, combat exposure, alcohol misuse, depression, PTSD symptom severity, and reported difficulty controlling violence. These findings suggest that clinicians working with veterans with PTSD should review NSSI history when conducting a risk assessment of violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S Calhoun
- VA Mid-Atlantic Region Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Durham, NC, USA; Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham VA Medical Center, NC, USA.
| | - Elizabeth E Van Voorhees
- Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eric B Elbogen
- Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eric A Dedert
- Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Lauren P Hair
- VA Mid-Atlantic Region Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Durham, NC, USA; Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham VA Medical Center, NC, USA
| | - Michael Hertzberg
- Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jean C Beckham
- VA Mid-Atlantic Region Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Durham, NC, USA; Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nathan A Kimbrel
- VA Mid-Atlantic Region Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Durham, NC, USA; Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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21
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Selenius H, Leppänen Östman S, Strand S. Self-harm as a risk factor for inpatient aggression among women admitted to forensic psychiatric care. Nord J Psychiatry 2016; 70:554-60. [PMID: 27224513 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2016.1183707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inpatient aggression among female forensic psychiatric patients has been shown to be associated with self-harm, that is considered to be a historical risk factor for violence. Research on associations between previous or current self-harm and different types of inpatient aggression is missing. AIM The aim of this register study was to investigate the prevalence of self-harm and the type of inpatient aggression among female forensic psychiatric inpatients, and to study whether the patients' self-harm before and/or during forensic psychiatric care is a risk factor for inpatient aggression. METHODS Female forensic psychiatric patients (n = 130) from a high security hospital were included. RESULTS The results showed that 88% of the female patients had self-harmed at least once during their life and 57% had been physically and/or verbally aggressive towards staff or other patients while in care at the hospital. Self-harm before admission to the current forensic psychiatric care or repeated self-harm were not significantly associated with inpatient aggression, whereas self-harm during care was significantly associated with physical and verbal aggression directed at staff. CONCLUSIONS These results pointed towards self-harm being a dynamic risk factor rather than a historical risk factor for inpatient aggression among female forensic psychiatric patients. Whether self-harm is an individual risk factor or a part of the clinical risk factor 'Symptom of major mental illness' within the HCR-20V3 must be further explored among women. Thus, addressing self-harm committed by female patients during forensic psychiatric care seems to be important in risk assessments and the management of violence, especially in reducing violence against staff in high-security forensic psychiatric services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Selenius
- a School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University , Sweden
| | | | - Susanne Strand
- a School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University , Sweden ;,c Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science at Swinburne University of Technology , Melbourne , Australia
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22
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Parents of youth who self-injure: a review of the literature and implications for mental health professionals. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2015; 9:35. [PMID: 26421058 PMCID: PMC4586015 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-015-0066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a common mental health concern among youth, and parents can be valuable supports for these youth. However, youth NSSI can have a significant impact on parents' wellbeing, which may in turn alter parents' ability to support the youth. To date, no single article has consolidated the research on parents of youth who self-injure. This review synthesizes the literature on parent factors implicated in youth NSSI risk, the role of parents in help-seeking and intervention for youth NSSI, and the impact of youth NSSI on parent wellbeing and parenting. Clinical implications for supporting parents as they support the youth are also discussed, and recommendations for future research are outlined.
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23
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The association between nonsuicidal self-injury and the emotional disorders: A meta-analytic review. Clin Psychol Rev 2015; 37:72-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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