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Baird AM, Aday AW, Sullivan AE, Street T, Barrett TW, Collins SP, Stubblefield WB, Dnp MMS, Beckman JA. Implementation of a transition of care pathway for low-risk patients presenting to the emergency department with venous thromboembolism. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR NURSING 2024; 42:208-212. [PMID: 39244333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvn.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Inpatient management of low-risk patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) places a large resource burden on the healthcare system. Adult patients diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) in the emergency department (ED) have historically been hospitalized and treated with therapeutic anticoagulation. However, over the last two decades, outpatient treatment of patients with acute DVT and low risk PE has become increasingly accepted as an effective and safe option for patients given the low risk of short-term clinical deterioration. The purpose of this project was to establish a transition of care (TCM) program for patients with acute VTE presenting to the ED. The primary goals for the project included better quality patient follow-up in the Vascular Medicine Nurse Practitioner (NP) within one week and medication adherence. The second goal was increasing appropriate ED discharges for patients with low-risk VTE. Outcome metrics include the rate of early discharge of low-risk patients with VTE, follow-up in the Vascular Medicine NP clinic, and anticoagulant adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Moran Baird
- HCA Healthcare, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Aaron W Aday
- Vascular Medicine Section, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexander E Sullivan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville TN, USA
| | - Tiffany Street
- Associate Nursing Officer, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tyler W Barrett
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sean P Collins
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center GRECC, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William B Stubblefield
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Megan M Shifrin Dnp
- Vanderbilt Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joshua A Beckman
- Vascular Medicine Section, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Ryll MJ, Zodl A, Weingarten TN, Rabinstein AA, Warner DO, Schroeder DR, Sprung J. Predicting Hospital Survival in Patients Admitted to ICU with Pulmonary Embolism. J Intensive Care Med 2024; 39:455-464. [PMID: 37964551 PMCID: PMC10935623 DOI: 10.1177/08850666231212875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) and simplified PESI (sPESI) predict mortality for patients with PE. We compared PESI/sPESI to the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV (APACHE-IV) in predicting mortality in patients with PE admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Additionally, we assessed the performance of a novel ICU-sPESI score created by adding three clinical variables associated with acuity of PE presentation (intubation, confusion [altered mental status], use of vasoactive infusions) to sPESI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the eICU Collaborative Research Database from 2014 to 2015, we conducted a large retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted to the ICU with a primary diagnosis of PE. We calculated APACHE-IV, PESI, sPESI, and ICU-sPESI scores and compared their performance for predicting in-hospital mortality using area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. Score thresholds for >99% negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated for each score. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS We included 1424 PE cases. In-hospital mortality was 6.3% [95% CI: 5.1%-7.6%]. AUROC for APACHE-IV, PESI, and sPESI were 0.870, 0.848, and 0.777, respectively. APACHE-IV and PESI outperformed sPESI (P < 0.01 for both comparisons), while APACHE-IV and PESI demonstrated similar performance (P = 0.322). The ICU-sPESI performance was similar to APACHE-IV and PESI (AUROC = 0.847; AUROC comparison: APACHE-IV vs ICU-sPESI: P = 0.396; PESI vs ICU-sPESI: P = 0.945). Hospital mortality for ICU-sPESI scores 0-2 was 1.1%, and for scores 3, 4, 5, 6, and ≥7 was 8.6%, 11.7%, 29.2%, 37.5%, and 76.9%, respectively. Score thresholds for >99% NPV were ≤48 for APACHE-IV, ≤115 for PESI, and 0 points for sPESI and ICU-sPESI. CONCLUSIONS By accounting for severity of PE presentation, our newly proposed ICU-sPESI score provided improved PE mortality prediction compared to the original sPESI score and offered excellent discrimination of mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J. Ryll
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Aurelia Zodl
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Toby N. Weingarten
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - David O. Warner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Darrell R. Schroeder
- Health Sciences Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Juraj Sprung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Riedinger CJ, Barrington DA, Nagel CI, Khadraoui WK, Haight PJ, Tubbs C, Backes FJ, Cohn DE, O'Malley DM, Copeland LJ, Chambers LM. RETRACTED: Cost-effectiveness of chemotherapy and dostarlimab for advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 183:78-84. [PMID: 38554477 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Authors. The authors have independently identified an error in the formula that was utilized to calculate the Quality Adjusted Life Years which invalidates the data and the conclusion of the paper. The authors have contacted the journal requesting to retract the article. Apologies are offered to the readers of the journal for any confusion or inconvenience that may have resulted from the publication of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney J Riedinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center/James Cancer Hospital, USA.
| | - David A Barrington
- Gynecologic Oncology Section, Women's Services and The Ochsner Cancer Institute, Ochsner Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Christa I Nagel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center/James Cancer Hospital, USA
| | - Wafa K Khadraoui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center/James Cancer Hospital, USA
| | - Paulina J Haight
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center/James Cancer Hospital, USA
| | - Crystal Tubbs
- Department of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, USA
| | - Floor J Backes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center/James Cancer Hospital, USA
| | - David E Cohn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center/James Cancer Hospital, USA
| | - David M O'Malley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center/James Cancer Hospital, USA
| | - Larry J Copeland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center/James Cancer Hospital, USA
| | - Laura M Chambers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center/James Cancer Hospital, USA
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Watson NW, Carroll BJ, Krawisz A, Schmaier A, Secemsky EA. Trends in Discharge Rates for Acute Pulmonary Embolism in U.S. Emergency Departments. Ann Intern Med 2024; 177:134-143. [PMID: 38285986 DOI: 10.7326/m23-2442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outpatient management of select patients with low-risk acute pulmonary embolism (PE) has been proven to be safe and effective, yet recent evidence suggests that patients are still managed with hospitalization. Few studies have assessed contemporary real-world trends in discharge rates from U.S. emergency departments (EDs) for acute PE. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the proportion of discharges from EDs for acute PE changed between 2012 and 2020 and which baseline characteristics are associated with ED discharge. DESIGN Serial cross-sectional analysis. SETTING U.S. EDs participating in the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. PATIENTS Patients with ED visits for acute PE between 2012 and 2020. MEASUREMENTS National trends in the proportion of discharges for acute PE and factors associated with ED discharge. RESULTS Between 2012 and 2020, there were approximately 1 635 300 visits for acute PE. Overall, ED discharge rates remained constant over time, with rates of 38.2% (95% CI, 17.9% to 64.0%) between 2012 and 2014 and 33.4% (CI, 21.0% to 49.0%) between 2018 and 2020 (adjusted risk ratio, 1.01 per year [CI, 0.89 to 1.14]). No baseline characteristics, including established risk stratification scores, were predictive of an increased likelihood of ED discharge; however, patients at teaching hospitals and those with private insurance were more likely to receive oral anticoagulation at discharge. Only 35.9% (CI, 23.9% to 50.0%) of patients who were considered low-risk according to their Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) class, 33.1% (CI, 21.6% to 47.0%) according to simplified PESI score, and 34.8% (CI, 23.3% to 48.0%) according to hemodynamic stability were discharged from the ED setting. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional survey design and inability to adjudicate diagnoses. CONCLUSION In a representative nationwide sample, rates of discharge from the ED for acute PE appear to have remained constant between 2012 and 2020. Only one third of low-risk patients were discharged for outpatient management, and rates seem to have stabilized. Outpatient management of low-risk acute PE may still be largely underutilized in the United States. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan W Watson
- Harvard Medical School, and Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (N.W.W.)
| | - Brett J Carroll
- Harvard Medical School; Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.J.C., A.K., E.A.S.)
| | - Anna Krawisz
- Harvard Medical School; Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.J.C., A.K., E.A.S.)
| | - Alec Schmaier
- Harvard Medical School, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (A.S.)
| | - Eric A Secemsky
- Harvard Medical School; Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (B.J.C., A.K., E.A.S.)
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Farmakis IT, Kaier K, Hobohm L, Mohr K, Valerio L, Barco S, Konstantinides SV, Binder H. Healthcare resource utilisation and associated costs after low-risk pulmonary embolism: pre-specified analysis of the Home Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism (HoT-PE) study. Clin Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00392-023-02355-5. [PMID: 38170252 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-023-02355-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary embolism (PE) and its sequelae impact healthcare systems globally. Low-risk PE patients can be managed with early discharge strategies leading to cost savings, but post-discharge costs are undetermined. PURPOSE To define healthcare resource utilisation and overall costs during follow-up of low-risk PE. METHODS We used an incidence-based, bottom-up approach and calculated direct and indirect costs over 3-month follow-up after low-risk PE, with data from the Home Treatment of Patients with Low-Risk Pulmonary Embolism (HoT-PE) cohort study. RESULTS Average 3-month costs per patient having suffered low-risk PE were 7029.62 €; of this amount, 4872.93 € were associated with PE, accounting to 69.3% of total costs. Specifically, direct costs totalled 3019.33 €, and of those, 862.64 € (28.6%) were associated with PE. Anticoagulation (279.00 €), rehospitalisations (296.83 €), and ambulatory visits (194.95 €) comprised the majority of the 3-month direct costs. The remaining costs amounting to 4010.29 € were indirect costs due to loss of productivity. CONCLUSION In a patient cohort with acute low-risk PE followed over 3 months, the majority of costs were indirect costs related to productivity loss, whereas direct, PE-specific post-discharge costs were low. Effective interventions are needed to reduce the burden of PE and associated costs, especially those related to productivity loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis T Farmakis
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Kaier
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Lukas Hobohm
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Mohr
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Luca Valerio
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefano Barco
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Angiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stavros V Konstantinides
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | - Harald Binder
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Shamaki GR, Soji-Ayoade D, Adedokun SD, Kesiena O, Favour M, Bolaji O, Ezeh EO, Okoh N, Sadiq AA, Baldawi H, Davis A, Bob-Manuel T. Endovascular Venous Interventions - A State-of-the-Art Review. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101534. [PMID: 36481393 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Venous vascular diseases are an important clinical entity estimated to affect several million people worldwide. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common venous disease with a population variable prevalence of 122 to 160 persons per 100,000 per year, whereas pulmonary embolism (PE) affects up to 60 to 70 per 100 000 and carries much higher mortality. Chronic venous diseases, which cause symptoms like leg swelling, heaviness, pain, and discomfort, are most prevalent in the elderly and significantly impact their quality of life. Some estimate that chronic vascular diseases account for up to 2% of healthcare budgets in Western countries. Treating venous vascular disease includes using systemic anticoagulation and interventional therapies in some patient subsets. In this comprehensive review, we discuss endovascular treatment modalities in the management of venous vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Onoriode Kesiena
- Department of Internal Medicine, Piedmont Athens Regional Medical Center, Athens, GA
| | - Markson Favour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lincoln Medical Centre Bronx, NY
| | - Olayiwola Bolaji
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Maryland Capital Region Medical Center, Largo, MD
| | | | - Nelson Okoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers Community Hospital West Toms Rivers, NJ
| | | | - Harith Baldawi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, Orleans, LA
| | - Arthur Davis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, Orleans, LA
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Kabrhel C, Vinson DR, Mitchell AM, Rosovsky RP, Chang AM, Hernandez‐Nino J, Wolf SJ. A clinical decision framework to guide the outpatient treatment of emergency department patients diagnosed with acute pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis: Results from a multidisciplinary consensus panel. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open 2021; 2:e12588. [PMID: 34950930 PMCID: PMC8673564 DOI: 10.1002/emp2.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The outpatient treatment of select emergency department patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been shown to be safe, cost effective and associated with high patient satisfaction. Despite this, outpatient PE and DVT treatment remains uncommon. To address this, the American College of Emergency Physicians assembled a multidisciplinary team of content experts to provide evidence-based recommendations and practical advice to help clinicians safely treat patients with low-risk PE and DVT without hospitalization. The emergency clinician must stratify the patient's risk of clinical decompensation due to their PE or DVT as well as their risk of bleeding due to anticoagulation. The clinician must also select and start an anticoagulant and ensure that the patient has access to the medication in a timely manner. Reliable follow-up is critical, and the patient must also be educated about signs or symptoms that should prompt a return to the emergency department. To facilitate access to these recommendations, the consensus panel also created 2 web-based "point-of-care tools."
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kabrhel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Vascular EmergenciesMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - David R. Vinson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Division of Research and the CREST Network, Oakland, CAKaiser Permanente Roseville Medical CenterRosevilleCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alice Marina Mitchell
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Richard L. Roudebush VAMCIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Rachel P. Rosovsky
- Division of HematologyDepartment of MedicineMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Anna Marie Chang
- Department of Emergency MedicineThomas Jefferson University HospitalsPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Stephen J. Wolf
- Department of Emergency MedicineDenver Health and University of Colorado School of MedicineDenverColoradoUSA
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