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Feng L, Chen Z, Bian H. Skeletal muscle: molecular structure, myogenesis, biological functions, and diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e649. [PMID: 38988494 PMCID: PMC11234433 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is an important motor organ with multinucleated myofibers as its smallest cellular units. Myofibers are formed after undergoing cell differentiation, cell-cell fusion, myonuclei migration, and myofibril crosslinking among other processes and undergo morphological and functional changes or lesions after being stimulated by internal or external factors. The above processes are collectively referred to as myogenesis. After myofibers mature, the function and behavior of skeletal muscle are closely related to the voluntary movement of the body. In this review, we systematically and comprehensively discuss the physiological and pathological processes associated with skeletal muscles from five perspectives: molecule basis, myogenesis, biological function, adaptive changes, and myopathy. In the molecular structure and myogenesis sections, we gave a brief overview, focusing on skeletal muscle-specific fusogens and nuclei-related behaviors including cell-cell fusion and myonuclei localization. Subsequently, we discussed the three biological functions of skeletal muscle (muscle contraction, thermogenesis, and myokines secretion) and its response to stimulation (atrophy, hypertrophy, and regeneration), and finally settled on myopathy. In general, the integration of these contents provides a holistic perspective, which helps to further elucidate the structure, characteristics, and functions of skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan‐Ting Feng
- Department of Cell Biology & National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineNational Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhi‐Nan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology & National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineNational Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Huijie Bian
- Department of Cell Biology & National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineNational Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Development for Major DiseasesFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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Dai N, Groenendyk J, Michalak M. Interplay between myotubularins and Ca 2+ homeostasis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119739. [PMID: 38710289 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The myotubularin family, encompassing myotubularin 1 (MTM1) and 14 myotubularin-related proteins (MTMRs), represents a conserved group of phosphatases featuring a protein tyrosine phosphatase domain. Nine members are characterized by an active phosphatase domain C(X)5R, dephosphorylating the D3 position of PtdIns(3)P and PtdIns(3,5)P2. Mutations in myotubularin genes result in human myopathies, and several neuropathies including X-linked myotubular myopathy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4B. MTM1, MTMR6 and MTMR14 also contribute to Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+ homeostasis that play a key role in many MTM-dependent myopathies and neuropathies. Here we explore the evolving roles of MTM1/MTMRs, unveiling their influence on critical aspects of Ca2+ signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Dai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Jody Groenendyk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Marek Michalak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.
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3
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Li Q, Lin J, Luo S, Schmitz‐Abe K, Agrawal R, Meng M, Moghadaszadeh B, Beggs AH, Liu X, Perrella MA, Agrawal PB. Integrated multi-omics approach reveals the role of striated muscle preferentially expressed protein kinase in skeletal muscle including its relationship with myospryn complex. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:1003-1015. [PMID: 38725372 PMCID: PMC11154751 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal-recessive mutations in SPEG (striated muscle preferentially expressed protein kinase) have been linked to centronuclear myopathy with or without dilated cardiomyopathy (CNM5). Loss of SPEG is associated with defective triad formation, abnormal excitation-contraction coupling, calcium mishandling and disruption of the focal adhesion complex in skeletal muscles. To elucidate the underlying molecular pathways, we have utilized multi-omics tools and analysis to obtain a comprehensive view of the complex biological processes and molecular functions. METHODS Skeletal muscles from 2-month-old SPEG-deficient (Speg-CKO) and wild-type (WT) mice were used for RNA sequencing (n = 4 per genotype) to profile transcriptomics and mass spectrometry (n = 4 for WT; n = 3 for Speg-CKO mice) to profile proteomics and phosphoproteomics. In addition, interactomics was performed using the SPEG antibody on pooled muscle lysates (quadriceps, gastrocnemius and triceps) from WT and Speg-CKO mice. Based on the multi-omics results, we performed quantitative real-time PCR, co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblot to verify the findings. RESULTS We identified that SPEG interacts with myospryn complex proteins CMYA5, FSD2 and RyR1, which are critical for triad formation, and that SPEG deficiency results in myospryn complex abnormalities (protein levels decreased to 22 ± 3% for CMYA5 [P < 0.05] and 18 ± 3% for FSD2 [P < 0.01]). Furthermore, SPEG phosphorylates RyR1 at S2902 (phosphorylation level decreased to 55 ± 15% at S2902 in Speg-CKO mice; P < 0.05), and its loss affects JPH2 phosphorylation at multiple sites (increased phosphorylation at T161 [1.90 ± 0.24-fold], S162 [1.61 ± 0.37-fold] and S165 [1.66 ± 0.13-fold]; decreased phosphorylation at S228 and S231 [39 ± 6%], S234 [50 ± 12%], S593 [48 ± 3%] and S613 [66 ± 10%]; P < 0.05 for S162 and P < 0.01 for other sites). On analysing the transcriptome, the most dysregulated pathways affected by SPEG deficiency included extracellular matrix-receptor interaction (P < 1e-15) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signalling (P < 9e-14). CONCLUSIONS We have elucidated the critical role of SPEG in the triad as it works closely with myospryn complex proteins (CMYA5, FSD2 and RyR1), it regulates phosphorylation levels of various residues in JPH2 and S2902 in RyR1, and its deficiency is associated with dysregulation of several pathways. The study identifies unique SPEG-interacting proteins and their phosphorylation functions and emphasizes the importance of using a multi-omics approach to comprehensively evaluate the molecular function of proteins involved in various genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Li
- Division of Neonatology, Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Holtz Children's Hospital, Jackson Health SystemMiamiFLUSA
- Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Jasmine Lin
- Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Shiyu Luo
- Division of Neonatology, Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Holtz Children's Hospital, Jackson Health SystemMiamiFLUSA
- Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Klaus Schmitz‐Abe
- Division of Neonatology, Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Holtz Children's Hospital, Jackson Health SystemMiamiFLUSA
- Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Rohan Agrawal
- Division of Neonatology, Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Holtz Children's Hospital, Jackson Health SystemMiamiFLUSA
- Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Melissa Meng
- Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Behzad Moghadaszadeh
- Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Alan H. Beggs
- Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of Pediatric Newborn MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Mark A. Perrella
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Department of Pediatric Newborn MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Pankaj B. Agrawal
- Division of Neonatology, Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Holtz Children's Hospital, Jackson Health SystemMiamiFLUSA
- Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease ResearchBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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Proskorovski-Ohayon R, Eskin-Schwartz M, Shorer Z, Kadir R, Halperin D, Drabkin M, Yogev Y, Aharoni S, Hadar N, Cohen H, Eremenko E, Perez Y, Birk OS. ZNF142 mutation causes sex-dependent neurologic disorder. J Med Genet 2024; 61:566-577. [PMID: 38296634 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-specific predilection in neurological diseases caused by mutations in autosomal genes is a phenomenon whose molecular basis is poorly understood. We studied females of consanguineous Bedouin kindred presenting with severe global developmental delay and epilepsy. METHODS Linkage analysis, whole exome sequencing, generation of CRISPR/cas9 knock-in mice, mouse behaviour and molecular studies RESULTS: Linkage analysis and whole exome sequencing studies of the affected kindred delineated a ~5 Mbp disease-associated chromosome 2q35 locus, containing a novel homozygous frameshift truncating mutation in ZNF142, in line with recent studies depicting similar ZNF142 putative loss-of-function human phenotypes with female preponderance. We generated knock-in mice with a truncating mutation adjacent to the human mutation in the mouse ortholog. Behaviour studies of homozygous Zfp142R1508* mice showed significant phenotype only in mutant females, with learning and memory deficits, hyperactivity and aberrant loss of fear of open spaces. Bone marrow and spleen of homozygous Zfp142R1508* mice showed depletion of lymphoid and haematopoietic cells, mostly in females. RT-PCR showed lower expression of Zpf142 in brain compartments of female versus male wild-type mice. RNA-seq studies of hippocampus, hypothalamus, cortex and cerebellum of female wild-type versus homozygous Zfp142R1508* mice demonstrated differentially expressed genes. Notably, expression of Taok1 in the cortex and of Mllt6 in the hippocampus was downregulated in homozygous Zfp142R1508* mice. Taok1 mutations have been associated with aberrant neurodevelopment and behaviour. Mllt6 expression is regulated by sex hormones and Mllt6 null-mutant mice present with haematopoietic, immune system and female-specific behaviour phenotypes. CONCLUSION ZNF142 mutation downregulates Mllt6 and Taok1, causing a neurodevelopmental phenotype in humans and mice with female preponderance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Proskorovski-Ohayon
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Marina Eskin-Schwartz
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Rotem Kadir
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniel Halperin
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Max Drabkin
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yuval Yogev
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sarit Aharoni
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Noam Hadar
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Hagit Cohen
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ekaterina Eremenko
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yonatan Perez
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ohad S Birk
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
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Wang J, Guo W, Wang Q, Yang Y, Sun X. Recent advances of myotubularin-related (MTMR) protein family in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1364604. [PMID: 38529329 PMCID: PMC10961392 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1364604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Belonging to a lipid phosphatase family containing 16 members, myotubularin-related proteins (MTMRs) are widely expressed in a variety of tissues and organs. MTMRs preferentially hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate and phosphatidylinositol (3,5) bis-phosphate to generate phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol 5-monophosphate, respectively. These phosphoinositides (PIPs) promote membrane degradation during autophagosome-lysosomal fusion and are also involved in various regulatory signal transduction. Based on the ability of modulating the levels of these PIPs, MTMRs exert physiological functions such as vesicle trafficking, cell proliferation, differentiation, necrosis, cytoskeleton, and cell migration. It has recently been found that MTMRs are also involved in the occurrence and development of several cardiovascular diseases, including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell, LQT1, aortic aneurysm, etc. This review summarizes the functions of MTMRs and highlights their pathophysiological roles in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Clinical Research Center, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiongshan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Li G, Huang H, Wu Y, Shu C, Hwang N, Li Q, Zhao R, Lam HC, Oldham WM, Ei-Chemaly S, Agrawal PB, Tian J, Liu X, Perrella MA. Striated preferentially expressed gene deficiency leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in developing cardiomyocytes. Basic Res Cardiol 2024; 119:151-168. [PMID: 38145999 PMCID: PMC10837246 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
A deficiency of striated preferentially expressed gene (Speg), a member of the myosin light chain kinase family, results in abnormal myofibril structure and function of immature cardiomyocytes (CMs), corresponding with a dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure and perinatal death. Mitochondrial development plays a role in cardiomyocyte maturation. Therefore, this study investigated whether Speg deficiency ( - / - ) in CMs would result in mitochondrial abnormalities. Speg wild-type and Speg-/- C57BL/6 littermate mice were utilized for assessment of mitochondrial structure by transmission electron and confocal microscopies. Speg was expressed in the first and second heart fields at embryonic (E) day 7.5, prior to the expression of mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+/Li+ exchanger (NCLX) at E8.5. Decreases in NCLX expression (E11.5) and the mitochondrial-to-nuclear DNA ratio (E13.5) were observed in Speg-/- hearts. Imaging of E18.5 Speg-/- hearts revealed abnormal mitochondrial cristae, corresponding with decreased ATP production in cells fed glucose or palmitate, increased levels of mitochondrial superoxide and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. Interestingly, phosphorylated (p) PGC-1α, a key mediator of mitochondrial development, was significantly reduced in Speg-/- hearts during screening for targeted genes. Besides Z-line expression, Speg partially co-localized with PGC-1α in the sarcomeric region and was found in the same complex by co-immunoprecipitation. Overexpression of a Speg internal serine/threonine kinase domain in Speg-/- CMs promoted translocation of pPGC-1α into the nucleus, and restored ATP production that was abolished by siRNA-mediated silencing of PGC-1α. Our results demonstrate a critical role of Speg in mitochondrial development and energy metabolism in CMs, mediated in part by phosphorylation of PGC-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gu Li
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Cardiology, and Department of Pulmonary, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400015, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yanshuang Wu
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Cardiology, and Department of Pulmonary, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400015, China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Narae Hwang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Qifei Li
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Jackson Health System, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Rose Zhao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hilaire C Lam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - William M Oldham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Souheil Ei-Chemaly
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Pankaj B Agrawal
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Jackson Health System, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Cardiology, and Department of Pulmonary, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400015, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Mark A Perrella
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Xiao D, Lin M, Liu C, Geddes TA, Burchfield J, Parker B, Humphrey SJ, Yang P. SnapKin: a snapshot deep learning ensemble for kinase-substrate prediction from phosphoproteomics data. NAR Genom Bioinform 2023; 5:lqad099. [PMID: 37954574 PMCID: PMC10632189 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics lies in identifying the substrates of kinases, as currently only a small fraction of substrates identified can be confidently linked with a known kinase. Machine learning techniques are promising approaches for leveraging large-scale phosphoproteomics data to computationally predict substrates of kinases. However, the small number of experimentally validated kinase substrates (true positive) and the high data noise in many phosphoproteomics datasets together limit their applicability and utility. Here, we aim to develop advanced kinase-substrate prediction methods to address these challenges. Using a collection of seven large phosphoproteomics datasets, and both traditional and deep learning models, we first demonstrate that a 'pseudo-positive' learning strategy for alleviating small sample size is effective at improving model predictive performance. We next show that a data resampling-based ensemble learning strategy is useful for improving model stability while further enhancing prediction. Lastly, we introduce an ensemble deep learning model ('SnapKin') by incorporating the above two learning strategies into a 'snapshot' ensemble learning algorithm. We propose SnapKin, an ensemble deep learning method, for predicting substrates of kinases from large-scale phosphoproteomics data. We demonstrate that SnapKin consistently outperforms existing methods in kinase-substrate prediction. SnapKin is freely available at https://github.com/PYangLab/SnapKin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xiao
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Michael Lin
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Thomas A Geddes
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - James G Burchfield
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Benjamin L Parker
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Pengyi Yang
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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8
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Bitoun M. [The dynamin-2-gene related centronuclear myopathy]. Med Sci (Paris) 2023; 39 Hors série n° 1:6-10. [PMID: 37975763 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2023130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant centronuclear myopathy (AD-CNM) is a rare congenital myopathy characterized by muscle weakness and centrally located nuclei in muscle fibers in the absence of any regeneration. AD-CNM is due to mutations in the DNM2 gene encoding dynamin 2 (DNM2), a large GTPase involved in intracellular membrane trafficking and a regulator of actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. DNM2 mutations are associated with a broad clinical spectrum ranging from severe neonatal to less severe late-onset forms. The histopathological signature includes nuclear centralization, predominance and atrophy of type 1 myofibers and radiating sarcoplasmic strands. To explain the muscle dysfunction, several pathophysiological mechanisms affecting key mechanisms of muscle homeostasis have been identified. They include defects in excitation-contraction coupling, muscle regeneration, mitochondria or autophagy. Several therapeutic approaches are under development by modulating the expression of DNM2 in a pan-allelic manner or by allele-specific silencing targeting only the mutated allele, which open the era of clinical trials for this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Bitoun
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
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9
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Lee CS, Jung SY, Yee RSZ, Agha NH, Hong J, Chang T, Babcock LW, Fleischman JD, Clayton B, Hanna AD, Ward CS, Lanza D, Hurley AE, Zhang P, Wehrens XHT, Lagor WR, Rodney GG, Hamilton SL. Speg interactions that regulate the stability of excitation-contraction coupling protein complexes in triads and dyads. Commun Biol 2023; 6:942. [PMID: 37709832 PMCID: PMC10502019 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we show that striated muscle preferentially expressed protein kinase α (Spegα) maintains cardiac function in hearts with Spegβ deficiency. Speg is required for stability of excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) complexes and interacts with esterase D (Esd), Cardiomyopathy-Associated Protein 5 (Cmya5), and Fibronectin Type III and SPRY Domain Containing 2 (Fsd2) in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Mice with a sequence encoding a V5/HA tag inserted into the first exon of the Speg gene (HA-Speg mice) display a >90% decrease in Spegβ but Spegα is expressed at ~50% of normal levels. Mice deficient in both Spegα and Speg β (Speg KO mice) develop a severe dilated cardiomyopathy and muscle weakness and atrophy, but HA-Speg mice display mild muscle weakness with no cardiac involvement. Spegα in HA-Speg mice suppresses Ca2+ leak, proteolytic cleavage of Jph2, and disruption of transverse tubules. Despite it's low levels, HA-Spegβ immunoprecipitation identified Esd, Cmya5 and Fsd2 as Spegβ binding partners that localize to triads and dyads to stabilize ECC complexes. This study suggests that Spegα and Spegβ display functional redundancy, identifies Esd, Cmya5 and Fsd2 as components of both cardiac dyads and skeletal muscle triads and lays the groundwork for the identification of new therapeutic targets for centronuclear myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Seok Lee
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Rachel Sue Zhen Yee
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Nadia H Agha
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Jin Hong
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Ting Chang
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Lyle W Babcock
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Jorie D Fleischman
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Benjamin Clayton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Amy D Hanna
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Christopher S Ward
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Denise Lanza
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Ayrea E Hurley
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Pumin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - William R Lagor
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - George G Rodney
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA
| | - Susan L Hamilton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77096, USA.
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10
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Fujimoto HM, Fujimoto M, Sugiura T, Nakane S, Wakano Y, Sato E, Oshita H, Togawa Y, Sugimoto M, Kato T, Yasuda K, Muramatsu K, Saitoh S. Novel SPEG variants in a neonate with severe dilated cardiomyopathy and relatively mild hypotonia. Hum Genome Var 2023; 10:24. [PMID: 37673875 PMCID: PMC10482934 DOI: 10.1038/s41439-023-00253-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Striated muscle preferentially expressed protein kinase (SPEG) variants have been reported to cause centronuclear myopathy associated with cardiac diseases. The severity of skeletal muscle symptoms and cardiac symptoms are presumably related to the location of the variant. Here, we report novel SPEG compound heterozygous pathological variants in a neonate with severe dilated cardiomyopathy and relatively mild hypotonia. This report expands the genotype-phenotype correlations of patients with SPEG variants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masanori Fujimoto
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sugiura
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Nakane
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Wakano
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Emi Sato
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hironori Oshita
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuko Togawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mari Sugimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takenori Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazushi Yasuda
- Department of Cardiology, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kanji Muramatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinji Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
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11
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Castillo-Ferrán N, Junco-Rodriguez JM, Lestayo-O'Farrill Z, Robinson-Agramonte MDLA, Camejo-León Z, Gómez-Suárez HJ, Salinas-Olivares M, Antiguas-Valdez E, Falcón-Lamazares E, Siniscalco D. A Possible Case of Centronuclear Myopathy: A Case Report. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1112. [PMID: 37374315 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Congenital myopathies (CMs) are a group of diseases that primarily affect the muscle fiber, especially the contractile apparatus and the different components that condition its normal functioning. They present as muscle weakness and hypotonia at birth or during the first year of life. Centronuclear CM is characterized by a high incidence of nuclei located centrally and internally in muscle fibers. Clinical case: a 22-year-old male patient with symptoms of muscle weakness since early childhood, with difficulty in performing physical activity according to his age, with the presence of a long face, a waddling gait, and a global decrease in muscle mass. Electromyography was performed, showing a neurogenic pattern and not the expected myopathic one, neuroconduction with reduced amplitude of the motor potential of the peroneal nerve and axonal and myelin damage of the posterior tibial nerves. The microscopic study of the studied striated muscle fragments stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome showed the presence of fibers with central nuclei, diagnosing CM. The patient meets most of the description for CM, with involvement of all striated muscles, although it is important to note the neurogenic pattern present in this case, due to the denervation of damaged muscle fibers, which contain terminal axonal segments. Neuroconduction shows the involvement of motor nerves, but with normal sensory studies, axonal polyneuropathy is unlikely, due to normal sensory potentials. Different pathological findings have been described depending on the mutated gene in this disease, but all coincide with the presence of fibers with central nuclei for diagnosis by this means, which is so important in institutions where it is not possible to carry out genetic studies, and allowing early specific treatment, according to the stage through which the patient passes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dario Siniscalco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Histology, University of Campania, 80138 Naples, Italy
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12
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Li Q, Lin J, Luo S, Schmitz-Abe K, Agrawal R, Meng M, Moghadaszadeh B, Beggs AH, Liu X, Perrella MA, Agrawal PB. Integrated multi-omics approach reveals the role of SPEG in skeletal muscle biology including its relationship with myospryn complex. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.24.538136. [PMID: 37162921 PMCID: PMC10168260 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.24.538136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal-recessive mutations in SPEG (striated muscle preferentially expressed protein kinase) have been linked to centronuclear myopathy. Loss of SPEG is associated with defective triad formation, abnormal excitation-contraction coupling, and calcium mishandling in skeletal muscles. To elucidate the underlying molecular pathways, we have utilized multi-omics tools and analysis to obtain a comprehensive view of the complex biological processes. We identified that SPEG interacts with myospryn complex proteins (CMYA5, FSD2, RyR1), and SPEG deficiency results in myospryn complex abnormalities. In addition, transcriptional and protein profiles of SPEG-deficient muscle revealed defective mitochondrial function including aberrant accumulation of enlarged mitochondria on electron microscopy. Furthermore, SPEG regulates RyR1 phosphorylation at S2902, and its loss affects JPH2 phosphorylation at multiple sites. On analyzing the transcriptome, the most dysregulated pathways affected by SPEG deficiency included extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors signaling, which may be due to defective triad and mitochondrial abnormalities. In summary, we have elucidated the critical role of SPEG in triad as it works closely with myospryn complex, phosphorylates JPH2 and RyR1, and demonstrated that its deficiency is associated with mitochondrial abnormalities. This study emphasizes the importance of using multi-omics techniques to comprehensively analyze the molecular anomalies of rare diseases. Synopsis We have previously linked mutations in SPEG (striated preferentially expressed protein) with a recessive form of centronuclear myopathy and/or dilated cardiomyopathy and have characterized a striated muscle-specific SPEG-deficient mouse model that recapitulates human disease with disruption of the triad structure and calcium homeostasis in skeletal muscles. In this study, we applied multi-omics approaches (interactomic, proteomic, phosphoproteomic, and transcriptomic analyses) in the skeletal muscles of SPEG-deficient mice to assess the underlying pathways associated with the pathological and molecular abnormalities. SPEG interacts with myospryn complex proteins (CMYA5, FSD2, RyR1), and its deficiency results in myospryn complex abnormalities.SPEG regulates RyR1 phosphorylation at S2902, and its loss affects JPH2 phosphorylation at multiple sites.SPEGα and SPEGβ have different interacting partners suggestive of differential function.Transcriptome analysis indicates dysregulated pathways of ECM-receptor interaction and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling.Mitochondrial defects on the transcriptome, proteome, and electron microscopy, may be a consequence of defective calcium signaling.
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13
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A review of major causative genes in congenital myopathies. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:215-225. [PMID: 35668205 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-022-01045-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we focus on congenital myopathies, which are a genetically heterogeneous group of hereditary muscle diseases with slow or minimal progression. They are mainly defined and classified according to pathological features, with the major subtypes being core myopathy (central core disease), nemaline myopathy, myotubular/centronuclear myopathy, and congenital fiber-type disproportion myopathy. Recent advances in molecular genetics, especially next-generation sequencing technology, have rapidly increased the number of known causative genes for congenital myopathies; however, most of the diseases related to the novel causative genes are extremely rare. There remains no cure for congenital myopathies. However, there have been recent promising findings that could inform the development of therapy for several types of congenital myopathies, including myotubular myopathy, which indicates the importance of prompt and correct diagnosis. This review discusses the major causative genes (NEB, ACTA1, ADSSL1, RYR1, SELENON, MTM1, DNM2, and TPM3) for each subtype of congenital myopathies and the relevant latest findings.
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14
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Luo YS, Shen XC, Li W, Wu GF, Yang XM, Guo MY, Chen F, Shen HY, Zhang PP, Gao H, Nie Y, Wu JH, Mou R, Zhang K, Cheng ZS. Genetic screening for hypertension and COVID-19 reveals functional variation of SPEG potentially associated with severe COVID-19 in women. Front Genet 2023; 13:1041470. [PMID: 36685827 PMCID: PMC9846087 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1041470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to more than 6.4 million deaths worldwide. The prevalent comorbidity between hypertension and severe COVID-19 suggests common genetic factors may affect the outcome of both diseases. As both hypertension and severe COVID-19 demonstrate sex-biased prevalence, common genetic factors between the two diseases may display sex-biased differential associations. By evaluating COVID-19 association signals of 172-candidate hypertension single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from more than 1 million European individuals in two sex-stratified severe COVID-19 genome-wide association studies from UK BioBank with European ancestry, we revealed one functional cis expression quantitative trait locus of SPEG (rs12474050) showing sex-biased association with severe COVID-19 in women. The risk allele rs12474050*T associates with higher blood pressure. In our study, we found it is significantly correlated with lower SPEG expression in muscle-skeletal but with higher expression in both brain cerebellum and cerebellar hemisphere. Additionally, nominal significances were detected for the association between rs12474050*T and lower SPEG expression in both heart left ventricle and atrial appendage; among these tissues, the SPEG expression is nominally significantly higher in females than in males. Further analysis revealed SPEG is mainly expressed in cardiomyocytes in heart and is upregulated upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, with significantly higher upregulation of SPEG only observed in female but not in male COVID-19 patients compared to both normal female and male individuals, suggesting upregulation of SPEG is a female-specific protective mechanism against COVID-19 induced heart damage. Taken together, our analyses suggest the involvement of SPEG in both hypertension and severe COVID-19 in women, which provides new insights for sex-biased effect of severe COVID-19 in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Si Luo
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guo-Feng Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Yang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming-Yang Guo
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fang Chen
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hu-Yan Shen
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ping-Ping Zhang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Nie
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jia-Hong Wu
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Rong Mou
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,*Correspondence: Ke Zhang, ; Zhong-Shan Cheng,
| | - Zhong-Shan Cheng
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States,*Correspondence: Ke Zhang, ; Zhong-Shan Cheng,
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15
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Hayes LH, Perdomini M, Aykanat A, Genetti CA, Paterson HL, Cowling BS, Freitag C, Beggs AH. Phenotypic Spectrum of DNM2-Related Centronuclear Myopathy. Neurol Genet 2022; 8:e200027. [PMID: 36324371 PMCID: PMC9621335 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Centronuclear myopathy (CNM) due to mutations in the dynamin 2 gene, DNM2, is a rare neuromuscular disease about which little is known. The objective of this study was to describe the range of clinical presentations and subsequent natural history of DNM2-related CNM. Methods Pediatric and adult patients with suspicion for a CNM diagnosis and confirmed heterozygous pathogenic variants in DNM2 were ascertained between December 8, 2000, and May 1, 2019. Data were collected through a retrospective review of genetic testing results, clinical records, and pathology slides combined with patient-reported clinical findings via questionnaires. Results Forty-two patients with DNM2-related CNM, whose ages ranged from 0.95 to 75.76 years at most recent contact, were enrolled from 34 families in North or South America and Europe. There were 8 different DNM2 pathogenic variants within the cohort. Of the 32 biopsied patients, all had histologic features of CNM. The disease onset was in infancy or childhood in 81% of the cohort, and more than half of the patients had high arched palates, indicative of weakness in utero. Ambulation was affected in nearly all (92%) the patients, and while the rapidity of progression was variable, most (67%) reported a "deteriorating course." Ptosis, ophthalmoparesis, facial weakness, dysphagia, and respiratory insufficiency were commonly reported. One-third of the patients experienced restricted jaw mobility. Certain pathogenic variants appear to correlate with a more severe phenotype. Discussion DNM2-related CNM has a predominantly early-onset, often congenital, myopathy resulting in progressive difficulty with ambulation and occasionally bulbar and respiratory dysfunction. This detailed characterization of the phenotype provides important information to support clinical trial readiness for future disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Hotchkiss Hayes
- Division of Genetics and Genomics (L.H.H., A.A., C.A.G., H.L.P., A.H.B.), the Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (L.H.H., A.A.), Boston Children's Hospital; and Dynacure (M.P., B.S.C., C.F.), Illkirch, France
| | - Morgane Perdomini
- Division of Genetics and Genomics (L.H.H., A.A., C.A.G., H.L.P., A.H.B.), the Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (L.H.H., A.A.), Boston Children's Hospital; and Dynacure (M.P., B.S.C., C.F.), Illkirch, France
| | - Asli Aykanat
- Division of Genetics and Genomics (L.H.H., A.A., C.A.G., H.L.P., A.H.B.), the Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (L.H.H., A.A.), Boston Children's Hospital; and Dynacure (M.P., B.S.C., C.F.), Illkirch, France
| | - Casie A Genetti
- Division of Genetics and Genomics (L.H.H., A.A., C.A.G., H.L.P., A.H.B.), the Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (L.H.H., A.A.), Boston Children's Hospital; and Dynacure (M.P., B.S.C., C.F.), Illkirch, France
| | - Heather L Paterson
- Division of Genetics and Genomics (L.H.H., A.A., C.A.G., H.L.P., A.H.B.), the Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (L.H.H., A.A.), Boston Children's Hospital; and Dynacure (M.P., B.S.C., C.F.), Illkirch, France
| | - Belinda S Cowling
- Division of Genetics and Genomics (L.H.H., A.A., C.A.G., H.L.P., A.H.B.), the Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (L.H.H., A.A.), Boston Children's Hospital; and Dynacure (M.P., B.S.C., C.F.), Illkirch, France
| | - Christian Freitag
- Division of Genetics and Genomics (L.H.H., A.A., C.A.G., H.L.P., A.H.B.), the Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (L.H.H., A.A.), Boston Children's Hospital; and Dynacure (M.P., B.S.C., C.F.), Illkirch, France
| | - Alan H Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics (L.H.H., A.A., C.A.G., H.L.P., A.H.B.), the Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (L.H.H., A.A.), Boston Children's Hospital; and Dynacure (M.P., B.S.C., C.F.), Illkirch, France
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16
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Delshad M, Sanaei MJ, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Bashash D. Host genetic diversity and genetic variations of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 pathogenesis and the effectiveness of vaccination. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109128. [PMID: 35963158 PMCID: PMC9359488 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has shown a vast range of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic to life-threatening symptoms. To figure out the cause of this heterogeneity, studies demonstrated the trace of genetic diversities whether in the hosts or the virus itself. With this regard, this review provides a comprehensive overview of how host genetic such as those related to the entry of the virus, the immune-related genes, gender-related genes, disease-related genes, and also host epigenetic could influence the severity of COVID-19. Besides, the mutations in the genome of SARS-CoV-2 __leading to emerging of new variants__ per se affect the affinity of the virus to the host cells and enhance the immune escape capacity. The current review discusses these variants and also the latest data about vaccination effectiveness facing the most important variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahda Delshad
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Sanaei
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Rossi D, Catallo MR, Pierantozzi E, Sorrentino V. Mutations in proteins involved in E-C coupling and SOCE and congenital myopathies. J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:e202213115. [PMID: 35980353 PMCID: PMC9391951 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In skeletal muscle, Ca2+ necessary for muscle contraction is stored and released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), a specialized form of endoplasmic reticulum through the mechanism known as excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling. Following activation of skeletal muscle contraction by the E-C coupling mechanism, replenishment of intracellular stores requires reuptake of cytosolic Ca2+ into the SR by the activity of SR Ca2+-ATPases, but also Ca2+ entry from the extracellular space, through a mechanism called store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). The fine orchestration of these processes requires several proteins, including Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ sensors, and Ca2+ buffers, as well as the active involvement of mitochondria. Mutations in genes coding for proteins participating in E-C coupling and SOCE are causative of several myopathies characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes, a variety of histological features, and alterations in intracellular Ca2+ balance. This review summarizes current knowledge on these myopathies and discusses available knowledge on the pathogenic mechanisms of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rossi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular Diagnosis and Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Rare Genetic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Catallo
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Enrico Pierantozzi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Sorrentino
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular Diagnosis and Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Rare Genetic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
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18
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Upadhyai P, Shenoy PU, Banjan B, Albeshr MF, Mahboob S, Manzoor I, Das R. Exome-Wide Association Study Reveals Host Genetic Variants Likely Associated with the Severity of COVID-19 in Patients of European Ancestry. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1300. [PMID: 36143338 PMCID: PMC9504138 DOI: 10.3390/life12091300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Host genetic variability plays a pivotal role in modulating COVID-19 clinical outcomes. Despite the functional relevance of protein-coding regions, rare variants located here are less likely to completely explain the considerable numbers of acutely affected COVID-19 patients worldwide. Using an exome-wide association approach, with individuals of European descent, we sought to identify common coding variants linked with variation in COVID-19 severity. Herein, cohort 1 compared non-hospitalized (controls) and hospitalized (cases) individuals, and in cohort 2, hospitalized subjects requiring respiratory support (cases) were compared to those not requiring it (controls). 229 and 111 variants differed significantly between cases and controls in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. This included FBXO34, CNTN2, and TMCC2 previously linked with COVID-19 severity using association studies. Overall, we report SNPs in 26 known and 12 novel candidate genes with strong molecular evidence implicating them in the pathophysiology of life-threatening COVID-19 and post-recovery sequelae. Of these few notable known genes include, HLA-DQB1, AHSG, ALOX5AP, MUC5AC, SMPD1, SPG7, SPEG,GAS6, and SERPINA12. These results enhance our understanding of the pathomechanisms underlying the COVID-19 clinical spectrum and may be exploited to prioritize biomarkers for predicting disease severity, as well as to improve treatment strategies in individuals of European ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Upadhyai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Pooja U. Shenoy
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Bhavya Banjan
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Mohammed F. Albeshr
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Mahboob
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Manzoor
- Department of Biology, The College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Ranajit Das
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
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19
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Li Q, Lin J, Widrick JJ, Luo S, Li G, Zhang Y, Laporte J, Perrella MA, Liu X, Agrawal PB. Dynamin-2 reduction rescues the skeletal myopathy of SPEG-deficient mouse model. JCI Insight 2022; 7:157336. [PMID: 35763354 PMCID: PMC9462472 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Striated preferentially expressed protein kinase (SPEG), a myosin light chain kinase, is mutated in centronuclear myopathy (CNM) and/or dilated cardiomyopathy. No precise therapies are available for this disorder, and gene replacement therapy is not a feasible option due to the large size of SPEG. We evaluated the potential of dynamin-2 (DNM2) reduction as a potential therapeutic strategy because it has been shown to revert muscle phenotypes in mouse models of CNM caused by MTM1, DNM2, and BIN1 mutations. We determined that SPEG-β interacted with DNM2, and SPEG deficiency caused an increase in DNM2 levels. The DNM2 reduction strategy in Speg-KO mice was associated with an increase in life span, body weight, and motor performance. Additionally, it normalized the distribution of triadic proteins, triad ultrastructure, and triad number and restored phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate levels in SPEG-deficient skeletal muscles. Although DNM2 reduction rescued the myopathy phenotype, it did not improve cardiac dysfunction, indicating a differential tissue-specific function. Combining DNM2 reduction with other strategies may be needed to target both the cardiac and skeletal defects associated with SPEG deficiency. DNM2 reduction should be explored as a therapeutic strategy against other genetic myopathies (and dystrophies) associated with a high level of DNM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Li
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Jasmine Lin
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J Widrick
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Shiyu Luo
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Gu Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Yuanfan Zhang
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | | | - Mark A Perrella
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Pankaj B Agrawal
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
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20
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Fujise K, Noguchi S, Takeda T. Centronuclear Myopathy Caused by Defective Membrane Remodelling of Dynamin 2 and BIN1 Variants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116274. [PMID: 35682949 PMCID: PMC9181712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathy (CNM) is a congenital myopathy characterised by centralised nuclei in skeletal myofibers. T-tubules, sarcolemmal invaginations required for excitation-contraction coupling, are disorganised in the skeletal muscles of CNM patients. Previous studies showed that various endocytic proteins are involved in T-tubule biogenesis and their dysfunction is tightly associated with CNM pathogenesis. DNM2 and BIN1 are two causative genes for CNM that encode essential membrane remodelling proteins in endocytosis, dynamin 2 and BIN1, respectively. In this review, we overview the functions of dynamin 2 and BIN1 in T-tubule biogenesis and discuss how their dysfunction in membrane remodelling leads to CNM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshiro Fujise
- Departments of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8001, USA;
| | - Satoru Noguchi
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo 187-8502, Japan;
| | - Tetsuya Takeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Shikata-cho 2-5-1, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-235-7125; Fax: +81-86-235-7126
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21
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Dilated-Left Ventricular Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy in a Pediatric Case with SPEG Compound Heterozygous Variants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095205. [PMID: 35563595 PMCID: PMC9102709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Left Ventricular Non-Compaction (LVNC) is defined by the triad prominent myocardial trabecular meshwork, thin compacted layer, and deep intertrabecular recesses. LVNC associated with dilation is characterized by the coexistence of left ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction. Pediatric cases with dilated-LVNC have worse outcomes than those with isolated dilated cardiomyopathy and adult patients. Herein, we report a clinical and genetic investigation using trio-based whole-exome sequencing of a pediatric case with early-onset dilated-LVNC. Compound heterozygous mutations were identified in the Striated Muscle Enriched Protein Kinase (SPEG) gene, a key regulator of cardiac calcium homeostasis. A paternally inherited mutation: SPEG; p.(Arg2470Ser) and the second variant, SPEG; p.(Pro2687Thr), is common and occurred de novo. Subsequently, Sanger sequencing was performed for the family in order to segregate the variants. Thus, the index case, his father, and both sisters carried the SPEG: p.(Arg2470Ser) variant. Only the index patient carried both SPEG variants. Both sisters, as well as the patient’s father, showed LVNC without cardiac dysfunction. The unaffected mother did not harbor any of the variants. The in silico analysis of the identified variants (rare and common) showed a decrease in protein stability with alterations of the physical properties as well as high conservation scores for the mutated residues. Interestingly, using the Project HOPE tool, the SPEG; p.(Pro2687Thr) variant is predicted to disturb the second fibronectin type III domain of the protein and may abolish its function. To our knowledge, the present case is the first description of compound heterozygous SPEG mutations involving a de novo variant and causing dilated-LVNC without neuropathy or centronuclear myopathy.
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22
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Espinosa KG, Geissah S, Groom L, Volpatti J, Scott IC, Dirksen RT, Zhao M, Dowling JJ. Characterization of a novel zebrafish model of SPEG-related centronuclear myopathy. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:275324. [PMID: 35293586 PMCID: PMC9118044 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathy (CNM) is a congenital neuromuscular disorder caused by pathogenic variation in genes associated with membrane trafficking and excitation–contraction coupling (ECC). Bi-allelic autosomal-recessive mutations in striated muscle enriched protein kinase (SPEG) account for a subset of CNM patients. Previous research has been limited by the perinatal lethality of constitutive Speg knockout mice. Thus, the precise biological role of SPEG in developing skeletal muscle remains unknown. To address this issue, we generated zebrafish spega, spegb and spega;spegb (speg-DKO) mutant lines. We demonstrated that speg-DKO zebrafish faithfully recapitulate multiple phenotypes associated with CNM, including disruption of the ECC machinery, dysregulation of calcium homeostasis during ECC and impairment of muscle performance. Taking advantage of zebrafish models of multiple CNM genetic subtypes, we compared novel and known disease markers in speg-DKO with mtm1-KO and DNM2-S619L transgenic zebrafish. We observed Desmin accumulation common to all CNM subtypes, and Dnm2 upregulation in muscle of both speg-DKO and mtm1-KO zebrafish. In all, we establish a new model of SPEG-related CNM, and identify abnormalities in this model suitable for defining disease pathomechanisms and evaluating potential therapies. This article has an associated First Person interview with the joint first authors of the paper. Summary: We created a novel zebrafish Speg mutant model of centronuclear myopathy that recapitulates key features of the human disorder and provides insight into pathomechanisms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla G Espinosa
- Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4386, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Salma Geissah
- Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4386, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Linda Groom
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Centre, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jonathan Volpatti
- Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Ian C Scott
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4386, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Program for Development and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Robert T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Centre, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Mo Zhao
- Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - James J Dowling
- Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4386, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Room 1436D, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
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23
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Rossi D, Pierantozzi E, Amadsun DO, Buonocore S, Rubino EM, Sorrentino V. The Sarcoplasmic Reticulum of Skeletal Muscle Cells: A Labyrinth of Membrane Contact Sites. Biomolecules 2022; 12:488. [PMID: 35454077 PMCID: PMC9026860 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle cells is a highly ordered structure consisting of an intricate network of tubules and cisternae specialized for regulating Ca2+ homeostasis in the context of muscle contraction. The sarcoplasmic reticulum contains several proteins, some of which support Ca2+ storage and release, while others regulate the formation and maintenance of this highly convoluted organelle and mediate the interaction with other components of the muscle fiber. In this review, some of the main issues concerning the biology of the sarcoplasmic reticulum will be described and discussed; particular attention will be addressed to the structure and function of the two domains of the sarcoplasmic reticulum supporting the excitation-contraction coupling and Ca2+-uptake mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rossi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.P.); (D.O.A.); (S.B.); (E.M.R.); (V.S.)
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24
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Lu M, Yuan B, Yan X, Sun Z, Lillehoj HS, Lee Y, Baldwin-Bott C, Li C. Clostridium perfringens-Induced Host-Pathogen Transcriptional Changes in the Small Intestine of Broiler Chickens. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10121607. [PMID: 34959561 PMCID: PMC8705629 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10121607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens is an important opportunistic pathogen that may result in toxin-mediated diseases involving food poisoning/tissue gangrene in humans and various enterotoxaemia in animal species. It is a main etiological agent for necrotic enteritis (NE), the most financially devastating bacterial disease in broiler chickens, especially if raised under antibiotic-free conditions. Importantly, NE is responsible for losses of six billion US dollars annually in the global poultry industry. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of C. perfringens-induced pathogenesis in the gut and its microbiome mRNA levels in C. perfringens-infected and non-infected hosts, we used RNA sequencing technology to perform transcriptional analysis of both host intestine and microbiome using our NE model. The growth rate was significantly impaired in chickens infected by C. perfringens. In total, 13,473 annotated chicken genes were differentially expressed between these two groups, with ninety-six genes showing statistical significance (|absolute fold changes| > 2.0, adjusted p value < 0.05). Genes involved in energy production, MHC Class I antigen, translation, ribosomal structures, and amino acid, nucleotide and carbohydrate metabolism from infected gut tissues were significantly down-regulated. The upregulated genes were mainly engaged in innate and adaptive immunity, cellular processes, genetic information processing, and organismal systems. Additionally, the transcriptional levels of four crucial foodborne pathogens were significantly elevated in a synergic relationship with pathogenic C. perfringens infection. This study presents the profiling data that would likely be a relevant reference for NE pathogenesis and may provide new insights into the mechanism of host-pathogen interaction in C. perfringens-induced NE infection in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Lu
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service-US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (M.L.); (B.Y.); (Z.S.); (H.S.L.); (Y.L.); (C.B.-B.)
| | - Baohong Yuan
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service-US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (M.L.); (B.Y.); (Z.S.); (H.S.L.); (Y.L.); (C.B.-B.)
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xianghe Yan
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service-US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Zhifeng Sun
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service-US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (M.L.); (B.Y.); (Z.S.); (H.S.L.); (Y.L.); (C.B.-B.)
| | - Hyun S. Lillehoj
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service-US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (M.L.); (B.Y.); (Z.S.); (H.S.L.); (Y.L.); (C.B.-B.)
| | - Youngsub Lee
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service-US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (M.L.); (B.Y.); (Z.S.); (H.S.L.); (Y.L.); (C.B.-B.)
| | - Calder Baldwin-Bott
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service-US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (M.L.); (B.Y.); (Z.S.); (H.S.L.); (Y.L.); (C.B.-B.)
- Eleanor Roosevelt High School, Greenbelt, MD 20770, USA
| | - Charles Li
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service-US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (M.L.); (B.Y.); (Z.S.); (H.S.L.); (Y.L.); (C.B.-B.)
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (C.L.)
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25
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Fujise K, Okubo M, Abe T, Yamada H, Takei K, Nishino I, Takeda T, Noguchi S. Imaging-based evaluation of pathogenicity by novel DNM2 variants associated with centronuclear myopathy. Hum Mutat 2021; 43:169-179. [PMID: 34837441 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A centronuclear myopathy (CNM) is a group of inherited congenital diseases showing clinically progressive muscle weakness associated with the presence of centralized myonuclei, diagnosed by genetic testing and muscle biopsy. The gene encoding dynamin 2, DNM2, has been identified as a causative gene for an autosomal dominant form of CNM. However, the information of a DNM2 variant alone is not always sufficient to gain a definitive diagnosis as the pathogenicity of many gene variants is currently unknown. In this study, we identified five novel DNM2 variants in our cohort. To establish the pathogenicity of these variants without using clinicopathological information, we used a simple in cellulo imaging-based assay for T-tubule-like structures to provide quantitative data that enable objective determination of pathogenicity by novel DNM2 variants. With this assay, we demonstrated that the phenotypes induced by mutant dynamin 2 in cellulo are well correlated with biochemical gain-of-function features of mutant dynamin 2 as well as the clinicopathological phenotypes of each patient. Our approach of combining an in cellulo assay with clinical information of the patients also explains the course of a disease progression by the pathogenesis of each variant in DNM2-associated CNM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshiro Fujise
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mariko Okubo
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Abe
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kohji Takei
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoru Noguchi
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Lawlor MW, Dowling JJ. X-linked myotubular myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:1004-1012. [PMID: 34736623 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a severe congenital muscle disease caused by mutation in the MTM1 gene. MTM1 encodes myotubularin (MTM1), an endosomal phosphatase that acts to dephosphorylate key second messenger lipids PI3P and PI3,5P2. XLMTM is clinically characterized by profound muscle weakness and associated with multiple disabilities (including ventilator and wheelchair dependence) and early death in most affected individuals. The disease is classically defined by characteristic changes observed on muscle biopsy, including centrally located nuclei, myofiber hypotrophy, and organelle disorganization. In this review, we highlight the clinical and pathologic features of the disease, present concepts related to disease pathomechanisms, and present recent advances in therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Lawlor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - James J Dowling
- Division of Neurology and Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Departments of Paediatrics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Canada.
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27
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Molecular and cellular basis of genetically inherited skeletal muscle disorders. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021; 22:713-732. [PMID: 34257452 PMCID: PMC9686310 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuromuscular disorders comprise a diverse group of human inborn diseases that arise from defects in the structure and/or function of the muscle tissue - encompassing the muscle cells (myofibres) themselves and their extracellular matrix - or muscle fibre innervation. Since the identification in 1987 of the first genetic lesion associated with a neuromuscular disorder - mutations in dystrophin as an underlying cause of Duchenne muscular dystrophy - the field has made tremendous progress in understanding the genetic basis of these diseases, with pathogenic variants in more than 500 genes now identified as underlying causes of neuromuscular disorders. The subset of neuromuscular disorders that affect skeletal muscle are referred to as myopathies or muscular dystrophies, and are due to variants in genes encoding muscle proteins. Many of these proteins provide structural stability to the myofibres or function in regulating sarcolemmal integrity, whereas others are involved in protein turnover, intracellular trafficking, calcium handling and electrical excitability - processes that ensure myofibre resistance to stress and their primary activity in muscle contraction. In this Review, we discuss how defects in muscle proteins give rise to muscle dysfunction, and ultimately to disease, with a focus on pathologies that are most common, best understood and that provide the most insight into muscle biology.
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28
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Gómez-Oca R, Cowling BS, Laporte J. Common Pathogenic Mechanisms in Centronuclear and Myotubular Myopathies and Latest Treatment Advances. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11377. [PMID: 34768808 PMCID: PMC8583656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathies (CNM) are rare congenital disorders characterized by muscle weakness and structural defects including fiber hypotrophy and organelle mispositioning. The main CNM forms are caused by mutations in: the MTM1 gene encoding the phosphoinositide phosphatase myotubularin (myotubular myopathy), the DNM2 gene encoding the mechanoenzyme dynamin 2, the BIN1 gene encoding the membrane curvature sensing amphiphysin 2, and the RYR1 gene encoding the skeletal muscle calcium release channel/ryanodine receptor. MTM1, BIN1, and DNM2 proteins are involved in membrane remodeling and trafficking, while RyR1 directly regulates excitation-contraction coupling (ECC). Several CNM animal models have been generated or identified, which confirm shared pathological anomalies in T-tubule remodeling, ECC, organelle mispositioning, protein homeostasis, neuromuscular junction, and muscle regeneration. Dynamin 2 plays a crucial role in CNM physiopathology and has been validated as a common therapeutic target for three CNM forms. Indeed, the promising results in preclinical models set up the basis for ongoing clinical trials. Another two clinical trials to treat myotubular myopathy by MTM1 gene therapy or tamoxifen repurposing are also ongoing. Here, we review the contribution of the different CNM models to understanding physiopathology and therapy development with a focus on the commonly dysregulated pathways and current therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Gómez-Oca
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67400 Illkirch, France;
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, 67400 Illkirch, France
- Strasbourg University, 67081 Strasbourg, France
- Dynacure, 67400 Illkirch, France;
| | | | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Department of Translational Medicine and Neurogenetics, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 67400 Illkirch, France;
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, 67400 Illkirch, France
- Strasbourg University, 67081 Strasbourg, France
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29
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Wang Q, Yu M, Xie Z, Liu J, Wang Q, Lv H, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Wang Z. Mutational and clinical spectrum of centronuclear myopathy in 9 cases and a literature review of Chinese patients. Neurol Sci 2021; 43:2803-2811. [PMID: 34595679 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05627-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathy (CNM) is a group of congenital myopathies with the histopathological findings of centralized nuclei in muscle fibres. In this study, we summarized the mutational spectrum and phenotypic features of nine Chinese patients with CNM and reanalysed the existing data on 32 CNM patients reported in China. In a cohort comprising nine patients, 14 variants were found in three CNM-related genes, including DNM2, RYR1, and TTN, in 4, 3, and 2 patients, respectively. Of the total 14 variants identified, nine were reported, and 5 were novel including one pathogenic, one likely pathogenic, and 3 of undetermined significance (VUS). Pathologically, we identified the percentage of muscle fibres with central nuclei was much higher in the DNM2-related CNM patients than that in other genetic type of CNM. Of the 32 genetic-diagnosed CNM patients previously reported from China, DNM2, MTM1, SPEG, RYR1, and MYH7 mutations accounted for 59.4%, 25.0%, 9.4%, 3.1%, and 3.1%, respectively. Notably, all of the 20 variants of DNM2 were missense mutations, and the missense mutations in exon 8 were found in 60.0% of DNM2 variants. The c.1106G > A/ p.R369Q (NM_001005360) occurred in 26.3% patients of this Chinese cohort with DNM2-CNM. In conclusion, CNM showed a highly variable genetic spectrum, with DNM2 as the most common causative gene in Chinese CNM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku St 8#, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku St 8#, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhiying Xie
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku St 8#, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku St 8#, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku St 8#, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - He Lv
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku St 8#, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku St 8#, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku St 8#, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku St 8#, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, 100034, China.
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30
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Setterberg IE, Le C, Frisk M, Li J, Louch WE. The Physiology and Pathophysiology of T-Tubules in the Heart. Front Physiol 2021; 12:718404. [PMID: 34566684 PMCID: PMC8458775 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.718404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In cardiomyocytes, invaginations of the sarcolemmal membrane called t-tubules are critically important for triggering contraction by excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. These structures form functional junctions with the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), and thereby enable close contact between L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) and Ryanodine Receptors (RyRs). This arrangement in turn ensures efficient triggering of Ca2+ release, and contraction. While new data indicate that t-tubules are capable of exhibiting compensatory remodeling, they are also widely reported to be structurally and functionally compromised during disease, resulting in disrupted Ca2+ homeostasis, impaired systolic and/or diastolic function, and arrhythmogenesis. This review summarizes these findings, while highlighting an emerging appreciation of the distinct roles of t-tubules in the pathophysiology of heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF and HFpEF). In this context, we review current understanding of the processes underlying t-tubule growth, maintenance, and degradation, underscoring the involvement of a variety of regulatory proteins, including junctophilin-2 (JPH2), amphiphysin-2 (BIN1), caveolin-3 (Cav3), and newer candidate proteins. Upstream regulation of t-tubule structure/function by cardiac workload and specifically ventricular wall stress is also discussed, alongside perspectives for novel strategies which may therapeutically target these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingunn E Setterberg
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christopher Le
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Frisk
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jia Li
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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31
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Gurgel-Giannetti J, Souza LS, Messina de Pádua Andrade GF, Derlene MDF, Meira ZMA, Azevedo BVM, Jr WC, Diniz SSL, Carvalhais MB, Oliveira JRS, Uliana L, Bráulio R, Costa PHN, Filho GB, Vainzof M. A Novel SPEG mutation causing congenital myopathy with fiber size disproportion and dilated cardiomyopathy with heart transplantation. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:1199-1206. [PMID: 34742623 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Congenital myopathies are a heterogeneous group of conditions diagnosed based on the clinical presentation, muscle histopathology and genetic defects. Recessive mutations in the SPEG gene have been described in recent years and are primarily associated with centronuclear myopathy with cardiomyopathy. In this report, we describe two Brazilian siblings, aged 13 and 6 years, with a novel homozygous mutation (c.8872 C>T:p.Arg2958Ter) in the SPEG gene leading to a congenital myopathy. In the older sibling, the muscle biopsy showed fiber size disproportion. The mean diameter of type 2 fibers (119 µm) was significantly higher than type 1 (57 µm) (P < 0,001) with a 72% prevalence of type 1 fibers. The patient also had progressive cardiomyopathy treated with heart transplantation. The present report expands the muscle histopathological findings related to mutations in the SPEG gene, including fiber size disproportion without central nuclei. Additionally, this report describes the first case of heart transplantation in a patient with SPEG mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Gurgel-Giannetti
- Department of Pediatrics, Service of Neuropediatrics from Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil Rua Herculano de Freitas, 905 apt 1302 Bairro Gutierrez, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Santos Souza
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center from University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria de Fátima Derlene
- Department of Pediatrics, Service of Pediatric Cardiology from Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Zilda Maria Alves Meira
- Department of Pediatrics, Service of Pediatric Cardiology from Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Vilela Morais Azevedo
- Department of Pediatrics, Service of Neuropediatrics from Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil Rua Herculano de Freitas, 905 apt 1302 Bairro Gutierrez, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Wilson Campos Jr
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Mater Dei Contorno, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Stephanie Lana Diniz
- Department of Pediatrics, Service of Neuropediatrics from Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil Rua Herculano de Freitas, 905 apt 1302 Bairro Gutierrez, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marina Belisario Carvalhais
- Department of Pediatrics, Service of Neuropediatrics from Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil Rua Herculano de Freitas, 905 apt 1302 Bairro Gutierrez, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Livia Uliana
- Department of Pediatrics, Service of Neuropediatrics from Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil Rua Herculano de Freitas, 905 apt 1302 Bairro Gutierrez, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Renato Bráulio
- Department of Clinics, Service of cardiology and cardiovascular Surgery from Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Nogueira Costa
- Department of Clinics, Service of cardiology and cardiovascular Surgery from Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Mariz Vainzof
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center from University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Yildirim M, Balasar O, Kose E, Dogan MT. Mild congenital myopathy due to a novel variation in SPEG gene. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2021; 10:220-222. [PMID: 34466346 PMCID: PMC8397816 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2021.01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathies (CNMs) are a subgroup of congenital myopathies (CMs) characterized by muscle weakness, genetic heterogeneity, and predominant type 1 fibers and increased central nuclei in muscle biopsy. Mutations in CNM-causing genes such as MTM1, DNM2, BIN1, RYR1, CACNA1S, TTN, and extraordinary rarely SPEG (striated muscle preferentially expressed protein kinase) have been identified for about 60-80% of patients. Herein, we report a case of CM due to a novel variation in the SPEG gene, manifested by mild neonatal hypotonia, muscle weakness, delayed motor milestones, and ophthalmoplegia, without dilated cardiomyopathy. We identified a novel variation [c.153C>T (p.Asn51=) in exon 1] in the SPEG gene with whole-exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Mild intellectual disability has not been associated with SPEG-related CM in the previous reports. We suggest that this report expands the phenotypic spectrum of SPEG-related CM, and further case reports are required to expand the genotype-phenotype correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirac Yildirim
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
- Address correspondence to:Mirac Yildirim, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, RI 06590, Turkey. E-mail:
| | - Ozgur Balasar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Konya Research and Training Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Engin Kose
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism and Nutrition, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melih Timucin Dogan
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Konya Research and Training Hospital, Konya, Turkey
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Zhang J, Chou OHI, Tse YL, Ng KM, Tse HF. Application of Patient-Specific iPSCs for Modelling and Treatment of X-Linked Cardiomyopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158132. [PMID: 34360897 PMCID: PMC8347533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited cardiomyopathies are among the major causes of heart failure and associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Currently, over 70 genes have been linked to the etiology of various forms of cardiomyopathy, some of which are X-linked. Due to the lack of appropriate cell and animal models, it has been difficult to model these X-linked cardiomyopathies. With the advancement of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, the ability to generate iPSC lines from patients with X-linked cardiomyopathy has facilitated in vitro modelling and drug testing for the condition. Nonetheless, due to the mosaicism of the X-chromosome inactivation, disease phenotypes of X-linked cardiomyopathy in heterozygous females are also usually more heterogeneous, with a broad spectrum of presentation. Recent advancements in iPSC procedures have enabled the isolation of cells with different lyonisation to generate isogenic disease and control cell lines. In this review, we will summarise the current strategies and examples of using an iPSC-based model to study different types of X-linked cardiomyopathy. The potential application of isogenic iPSC lines derived from a female patient with heterozygous Danon disease and drug screening will be demonstrated by our preliminary data. The limitations of an iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte-based platform will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zhang
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.Z.); (O.H.-I.C.); (Y.-L.T.)
| | - Oscar Hou-In Chou
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.Z.); (O.H.-I.C.); (Y.-L.T.)
| | - Yiu-Lam Tse
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.Z.); (O.H.-I.C.); (Y.-L.T.)
| | - Kwong-Man Ng
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.Z.); (O.H.-I.C.); (Y.-L.T.)
- Correspondence: (K.-M.N.); (H.-F.T.); Tel.: +852-3917-9955 (K.-M.N.); +852-2255-3598 (H.-F.T.)
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.Z.); (O.H.-I.C.); (Y.-L.T.)
- Centre of Translational Stem Cell Biology, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (K.-M.N.); (H.-F.T.); Tel.: +852-3917-9955 (K.-M.N.); +852-2255-3598 (H.-F.T.)
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34
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Striated Preferentially Expressed Protein Kinase (SPEG) in Muscle Development, Function, and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115732. [PMID: 34072258 PMCID: PMC8199188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in striated preferentially expressed protein kinase (SPEG), a member of the myosin light chain kinase protein family, are associated with centronuclear myopathy (CNM), cardiomyopathy, or a combination of both. Burgeoning evidence suggests that SPEG plays critical roles in the development, maintenance, and function of skeletal and cardiac muscles. Here we review the genotype-phenotype relationships and the molecular mechanisms of SPEG-related diseases. This review will focus on the progress made toward characterizing SPEG and its interacting partners, and its multifaceted functions in muscle regeneration, triad development and maintenance, and excitation-contraction coupling. We will also discuss future directions that are yet to be investigated including understanding of its tissue-specific roles, finding additional interacting proteins and their relationships. Understanding the basic mechanisms by which SPEG regulates muscle development and function will provide critical insights into these essential processes and help identify therapeutic targets in SPEG-related disorders.
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35
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Zhang G, Xu M, Huang T, Lin W, Chen J, Chen W, Chang X. Clinical and genetic analysis of a case with centronuclear myopathy caused by SPEG gene mutation: a case report and literature review. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:209. [PMID: 33926407 PMCID: PMC8082920 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Centronuclear myopathy (CNM), a subtype of congenital myopathy (CM), is a group of clinical and genetically heterogeneous muscle disorders. Since the discovery of the SPEG gene and disease-causing variants, only a few additional patients have been reported. CASE PRESENTATION The child, a 13-year-old female, had delayed motor development since childhood, weakness of both lower extremities for 10 years, gait swinging, and a positive Gower sign. Her distal muscle strength of both lower extremities was grade IV. The electromyography showed myogenic damage and electromyographic changes. Her 11-year-old sister had a similar muscle weakness phenotype. Gene sequencing revealed that both sisters had SPEG compound heterozygous mutations, and the mutation sites were c.3715 + 4C > T and c.3588delC, which were derived from their parents. These variant sites have not been reported before. The muscle biopsy showed the nucleic (> 20% of fibers) were located in the center of the cell, the average diameter of type I myofibers was slightly smaller than that of type II myofibers, and the pathology of type I myofibers was dominant, which agreed with the pathological changes of centronuclear myopathy. CONCLUSIONS The clinical phenotypes of CNM patients caused by mutations at different sites of the SPEG gene are also different. In this case, there was no cardiomyopathy. This study expanded the number of CNM cases and the mutation spectrum of the SPEG gene to provide references for prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinglin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wangyang Chen
- Kaiumph Medical Diagnostics Co, Ltd, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Xingzhi Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, No.1 Xi'an Men Street, West District, Beijing, 100034, China.
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36
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Almannai M, Luo S, Faqeih E, Almutairi F, Li Q, Agrawal PB. Homozygous SPEG Mutation Is Associated With Isolated Dilated Cardiomyopathy. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2021; 14:e003310. [PMID: 33794647 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.120.003310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Almannai
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medica City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (M.A., E.F.).,College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (M.A.)
| | - Shiyu Luo
- Division of Newborn Medicine (S.L., Q.L., P.B.A.), Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Genetics and Genomics (S.L., Q.L., P.B.A.), Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (S.L., Q.L., P.B.A.), Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Eissa Faqeih
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medica City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (M.A., E.F.)
| | - Fuad Almutairi
- Genetics and Precision Medicine Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (F.A.).,King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (F.A.).,King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (F.A.)
| | - Qifei Li
- Division of Newborn Medicine (S.L., Q.L., P.B.A.), Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Genetics and Genomics (S.L., Q.L., P.B.A.), Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (S.L., Q.L., P.B.A.), Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Pankaj B Agrawal
- Division of Newborn Medicine (S.L., Q.L., P.B.A.), Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Genetics and Genomics (S.L., Q.L., P.B.A.), Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research (S.L., Q.L., P.B.A.), Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Fleming JR, Rani A, Kraft J, Zenker S, Börgeson E, Lange S. Exploring Obscurin and SPEG Kinase Biology. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10050984. [PMID: 33801198 PMCID: PMC7957886 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Three members of the obscurin protein family that contain tandem kinase domains with important signaling functions for cardiac and striated muscles are the giant protein obscurin, its obscurin-associated kinase splice isoform, and the striated muscle enriched protein kinase (SPEG). While there is increasing evidence for the specific roles that each individual kinase domain plays in cross-striated muscles, their biology and regulation remains enigmatic. Our present study focuses on kinase domain 1 and the adjacent low sequence complexity inter-kinase domain linker in obscurin and SPEG. Using Phos-tag gels, we show that the linker in obscurin contains several phosphorylation sites, while the same region in SPEG remained unphosphorylated. Our homology modeling, mutational analysis and molecular docking demonstrate that kinase 1 in obscurin harbors all key amino acids important for its catalytic function and that actions of this domain result in autophosphorylation of the protein. Our bioinformatics analyses also assign a list of putative substrates for kinase domain 1 in obscurin and SPEG, based on the known and our newly proposed phosphorylation sites in muscle proteins, including obscurin itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R. Fleming
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.R.F.); (E.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Alankrita Rani
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory and Wallenberg, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (A.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Jamie Kraft
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory and Wallenberg, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (A.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Sanja Zenker
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Emma Börgeson
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory and Wallenberg, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (A.R.); (J.K.)
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence: (J.R.F.); (E.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Stephan Lange
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, The Wallenberg Laboratory and Wallenberg, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (A.R.); (J.K.)
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
- Correspondence: (J.R.F.); (E.B.); (S.L.)
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38
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Xiong Z, Lo HP, McMahon KA, Martel N, Jones A, Hill MM, Parton RG, Hall TE. In vivo proteomic mapping through GFP-directed proximity-dependent biotin labelling in zebrafish. eLife 2021; 10:64631. [PMID: 33591275 PMCID: PMC7906605 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein interaction networks are crucial for complex cellular processes. However, the elucidation of protein interactions occurring within highly specialised cells and tissues is challenging. Here, we describe the development, and application, of a new method for proximity-dependent biotin labelling in whole zebrafish. Using a conditionally stabilised GFP-binding nanobody to target a biotin ligase to GFP-labelled proteins of interest, we show tissue-specific proteomic profiling using existing GFP-tagged transgenic zebrafish lines. We demonstrate the applicability of this approach, termed BLITZ (Biotin Labelling In Tagged Zebrafish), in diverse cell types such as neurons and vascular endothelial cells. We applied this methodology to identify interactors of caveolar coat protein, cavins, in skeletal muscle. Using this system, we defined specific interaction networks within in vivo muscle cells for the closely related but functionally distinct Cavin4 and Cavin1 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zherui Xiong
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Harriet P Lo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kerrie-Ann McMahon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nick Martel
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alun Jones
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michelle M Hill
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | - Robert G Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Thomas E Hall
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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39
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Hu J, Li C, Wang S, Li T, Zhang H. Genetic variants are identified to increase risk of COVID-19 related mortality from UK Biobank data. Hum Genomics 2021; 15:10. [PMID: 33536081 PMCID: PMC7856608 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-021-00306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly heterogeneous. Studies have reported that males and some ethnic groups are at increased risk of death from COVID-19, which implies that individual risk of death might be influenced by host genetic factors. METHODS In this project, we consider the mortality as the trait of interest and perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of data for 1778 infected cases (445 deaths, 25.03%) distributed by the UK Biobank. Traditional GWAS fails to identify any genome-wide significant genetic variants from this dataset. To enhance the power of GWAS and account for possible multi-loci interactions, we adopt the concept of super variant for the detection of genetic factors. A discovery-validation procedure is used for verifying the potential associations. RESULTS We find 8 super variants that are consistently identified across multiple replications as susceptibility loci for COVID-19 mortality. The identified risk factors on chromosomes 2, 6, 7, 8, 10, 16, and 17 contain genetic variants and genes related to cilia dysfunctions (DNAH7 and CLUAP1), cardiovascular diseases (DES and SPEG), thromboembolic disease (STXBP5), mitochondrial dysfunctions (TOMM7), and innate immune system (WSB1). It is noteworthy that DNAH7 has been reported recently as the most downregulated gene after infecting human bronchial epithelial cells with SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSIONS Eight genetic variants are identified to significantly increase the risk of COVID-19 mortality among the patients with white British ancestry. These findings may provide timely clues and potential directions for better understanding the molecular pathogenesis of COVID-19 and the genetic basis of heterogeneous susceptibility, with potential impact on new therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, 300 George Street, Ste 523, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, 300 George Street, Ste 523, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Shiying Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, 300 George Street, Ste 523, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, 300 George Street, Ste 523, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Heping Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, 300 George Street, Ste 523, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
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40
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Ussery EJ, Nielsen KM, Simmons D, Pandelides Z, Mansfield C, Holdway D. An 'omics approach to investigate the growth effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of guanylurea exposure on Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 232:105761. [PMID: 33550114 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metformin is a widely prescribed pharmaceutical used in the treatment of numerous human health disorders, including Type 2 Diabetes, and as a results of its widespread use, metformin is thought to be the most prevalent pharmaceutical in the aquatic environment by weight. The removal of metformin during the water treatment process is directly related to the formation of its primary degradation product, guanylurea, generally present at higher concentrations in surface waters relative to metformin. Growth effects observed in 28-day early life stage (ELS) Japanese medaka exposed to guanylurea were found to be similar to growth effects in 28-day ELS medaka exposed to metformin; however, effect concentrations were orders of magnitude below those of metformin. The present study uses a multi-omics approach to investigate potential mechanisms by which low-level, 1 ng · L-1 nominal, guanylurea exposure may lead to altered growth in 28-day post hatch medaka via shotgun metabolomics and proteomics and qPCR. Specifically, analyses show 6 altered metabolites, 66 altered proteins and 2 altered genes. Collectively, metabolomics, proteomics, and gene expression data (using qPCR) indicate that developmental exposure to guanylurea exposure alters a number of important pathways related to the overall health of ELS fish, including biomolecule metabolism, cellular energetics, nervous system function/development, cellular communication and structure, and detoxification of reactive oxygen species, among others. To our knowledge, this is the first study to both report the molecular level effects of guanylurea on non-target aquatic organisms, and to relate molecular-level changes to whole organism effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin J Ussery
- Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St.N., Oshawa, Ontario, L1H 7K4, Canada.
| | - Kristin M Nielsen
- University of Texas at Austin Marine Science Institute, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX, 78373, USA
| | - Denina Simmons
- Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St.N., Oshawa, Ontario, L1H 7K4, Canada
| | - Zacharias Pandelides
- Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St.N., Oshawa, Ontario, L1H 7K4, Canada
| | - Chad Mansfield
- Department of Environmental Science, Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, 1 Bear Place #97178, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Douglas Holdway
- Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St.N., Oshawa, Ontario, L1H 7K4, Canada
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Luo S, Li Q, Lin J, Murphy Q, Marty I, Zhang Y, Kazerounian S, Agrawal PB. SPEG binds with desmin and its deficiency causes defects in triad and focal adhesion proteins. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:3882-3891. [PMID: 33355670 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Striated preferentially expressed gene (SPEG), a member of the myosin light chain kinase family, is localized at the level of triad surrounding myofibrils in skeletal muscles. In humans, SPEG mutations are associated with centronuclear myopathy and cardiomyopathy. Using a striated muscle-specific Speg-knockout (KO) mouse model, we have previously shown that SPEG is critical for triad maintenance and calcium handling. Here, we further examined the molecular function of SPEG and characterized the effects of SPEG deficiency on triad and focal adhesion proteins. We used yeast two-hybrid assay, and identified desmin, an intermediate filament protein, to interact with SPEG and confirmed this interaction by co-immunoprecipitation. Using domain-mapping assay, we defined that Ig-like and fibronectin III domains of SPEG interact with rod domain of desmin. In skeletal muscles, SPEG depletion leads to desmin aggregates in vivo and a shift in desmin equilibrium from soluble to insoluble fraction. We also profiled the expression and localization of triadic proteins in Speg-KO mice using western blot and immunofluorescence. The amount of RyR1 and triadin were markedly reduced, whereas DHPRα1, SERCA1 and triadin were abnormally accumulated in discrete areas of Speg-KO myofibers. In addition, Speg-KO muscles exhibited internalized vinculin and β1 integrin, both of which are critical components of the focal adhesion complex. Further, β1 integrin was abnormally accumulated in early endosomes of Speg-KO myofibers. These results demonstrate that SPEG-deficient skeletal muscles exhibit several pathological features similar to those seen in MTM1 deficiency. Defects of shared cellular pathways may underlie these structural and functional abnormalities in both types of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Luo
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qifei Li
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jasmine Lin
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Quinn Murphy
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isabelle Marty
- Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Inserm, U1216, University Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yuanfan Zhang
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shideh Kazerounian
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pankaj B Agrawal
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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42
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Donkervoort S, Kutzner CE, Hu Y, Lornage X, Rendu J, Stojkovic T, Baets J, Neuhaus SB, Tanboon J, Maroofian R, Bolduc V, Mroczek M, Conijn S, Kuntz NL, Töpf A, Monges S, Lubieniecki F, McCarty RM, Chao KR, Governali S, Böhm J, Boonyapisit K, Malfatti E, Sangruchi T, Horkayne-Szakaly I, Hedberg-Oldfors C, Efthymiou S, Noguchi S, Djeddi S, Iida A, di Rosa G, Fiorillo C, Salpietro V, Darin N, Fauré J, Houlden H, Oldfors A, Nishino I, de Ridder W, Straub V, Pokrzywa W, Laporte J, Foley AR, Romero NB, Ottenheijm C, Hoppe T, Bönnemann CG. Pathogenic Variants in the Myosin Chaperone UNC-45B Cause Progressive Myopathy with Eccentric Cores. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:1078-1095. [PMID: 33217308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The myosin-directed chaperone UNC-45B is essential for sarcomeric organization and muscle function from Caenorhabditis elegans to humans. The pathological impact of UNC-45B in muscle disease remained elusive. We report ten individuals with bi-allelic variants in UNC45B who exhibit childhood-onset progressive muscle weakness. We identified a common UNC45B variant that acts as a complex hypomorph splice variant. Purified UNC-45B mutants showed changes in folding and solubility. In situ localization studies further demonstrated reduced expression of mutant UNC-45B in muscle combined with abnormal localization away from the A-band towards the Z-disk of the sarcomere. The physiological relevance of these observations was investigated in C. elegans by transgenic expression of conserved UNC-45 missense variants, which showed impaired myosin binding for one and defective muscle function for three. Together, our results demonstrate that UNC-45B impairment manifests as a chaperonopathy with progressive muscle pathology, which discovers the previously unknown conserved role of UNC-45B in myofibrillar organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Donkervoort
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Carl E Kutzner
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Ying Hu
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xavière Lornage
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - John Rendu
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble Alpes, Biochimie Génétique et Moléculaire, Grenoble 38000, France; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences-INSERM U1216 UGA, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Tanya Stojkovic
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France, Institut de Myologie, GHU La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Baets
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah B Neuhaus
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jantima Tanboon
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 10700 Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 187-8502 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Véronique Bolduc
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Magdalena Mroczek
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Stefan Conijn
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nancy L Kuntz
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ana Töpf
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Soledad Monges
- Servicio de Neurología y Servicio de Patologia, Hospital de Pediatría Garrahan, C1245 AAM Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabiana Lubieniecki
- Servicio de Neurología y Servicio de Patologia, Hospital de Pediatría Garrahan, C1245 AAM Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Riley M McCarty
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Katherine R Chao
- Center for Mendelian Genomics, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Serena Governali
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johann Böhm
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Kanokwan Boonyapisit
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol, University, 10700 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Edoardo Malfatti
- Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré teaching hospital, centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile-de-France, AP-HP, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Tumtip Sangruchi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 10700 Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Carola Hedberg-Oldfors
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Satoru Noguchi
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 187-8502 Tokyo, Japan; Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 187-8551 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sarah Djeddi
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Aritoshi Iida
- Department of Clinical Genome Analysis, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 187-8551 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gabriella di Rosa
- Division of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of the Adult and Developmental Age Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorillo
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, G. Gaslini Institute, 16147 Genoa, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, G. Gaslini Institute, 16147 Genoa, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Niklas Darin
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 41650 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julien Fauré
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble Alpes, Biochimie Génétique et Moléculaire, Grenoble 38000, France; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences-INSERM U1216 UGA, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Anders Oldfors
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 187-8502 Tokyo, Japan; Department of Genome Medicine Development, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 187-8551 Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Genome Analysis, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 187-8551 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Willem de Ridder
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Volker Straub
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK; Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Wojciech Pokrzywa
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism in Development and Aging, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Norma B Romero
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France, Institut de Myologie, GHU La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France; Université Sorbonne, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75651 Paris, France; Neuromuscular Morphology Unit, Myology Institute, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Coen Ottenheijm
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85718, USA
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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T-tubule remodeling in human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2020; 42:305-322. [PMID: 33222034 PMCID: PMC8332592 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-020-09591-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The highly organized transverse T-tubule membrane system represents the ultrastructural substrate for excitation–contraction coupling in ventricular myocytes. While the architecture and function of T-tubules have been well described in animal models, there is limited morpho-functional data on T-tubules in human myocardium. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary disease of the heart muscle, characterized by different clinical presentations at the various stages of its progression. Most HCM patients, indeed, show a compensated hypertrophic disease (“non-failing hypertrophic phase”), with preserved left ventricular function, and only a small subset of individuals evolves into heart failure (“end stage HCM”). In terms of T-tubule remodeling, the “end-stage” disease does not differ from other forms of heart failure. In this review we aim to recapitulate the main structural features of T-tubules during the “non-failing hypertrophic stage” of human HCM by revisiting data obtained from human myectomy samples. Moreover, by comparing pathological changes observed in myectomy samples with those introduced by acute (experimentally induced) detubulation, we discuss the role of T-tubular disruption as a part of the complex excitation–contraction coupling remodeling process that occurs during disease progression. Lastly, we highlight how T-tubule morpho-functional changes may be related to patient genotype and we discuss the possibility of a primitive remodeling of the T-tubule system in rare HCM forms associated with genes coding for proteins implicated in T-tubule structural integrity, formation and maintenance.
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44
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Hu J, Li C, Wang S, Li T, Zhang H. Genetic variants are identified to increase risk of COVID-19 related mortality from UK Biobank data. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2020:2020.11.05.20226761. [PMID: 33200144 PMCID: PMC7668757 DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.05.20226761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly heterogenous. Studies have reported that males and some ethnic groups are at increased risk of death from COVID-19, which implies that individual risk of death might be influenced by host genetic factors. Methods In this project, we consider the mortality as the trait of interest and perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of data for 1,778 infected cases (445 deaths, 25.03%) distributed by the UK Biobank. Traditional GWAS failed to identify any genome-wide significant genetic variants from this dataset. To enhance the power of GWAS and account for possible multi-loci interactions, we adopt the concept of super-variant for the detection of genetic factors. A discovery-validation procedure is used for verifying the potential associations. Results We find 8 super-variants that are consistently identified across multiple replications as susceptibility loci for COVID-19 mortality. The identified risk factors on Chromosomes 2, 6, 7, 8, 10, 16, and 17 contain genetic variants and genes related to cilia dysfunctions (DNAH7 and CLUAP1), cardiovascular diseases (DES and SPEG), thromboembolic disease (STXBP5), mitochondrial dysfunctions (TOMM7), and innate immune system (WSB1). It is noteworthy that DNAH7 has been reported recently as the most downregulated gene after infecting human bronchial epithelial cells with SARS-CoV2. Conclusions Eight genetic variants are identified to significantly increase risk of COVID-19 mortality among the patients with white British ancestry. These findings may provide timely evidence and clues for better understanding the molecular pathogenesis of COVID-19 and genetic basis of heterogeneous susceptibility, with potential impact on new therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ting Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University
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45
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Campbell H, Aguilar-Sanchez Y, Quick AP, Dobrev D, Wehrens XHT. SPEG: a key regulator of cardiac calcium homeostasis. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:2175-2185. [PMID: 33067609 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis is essential for normal excitation-contraction coupling. Perturbations in cardiac Ca2+ handling through altered kinase activity has been implicated in altered cardiac contractility and arrhythmogenesis. Thus, a better understanding of cardiac Ca2+ handling regulation is vital for a better understanding of various human disease processes. 'Striated muscle preferentially expressed protein kinase' (SPEG) is a member of the myosin light chain kinase family that is key for normal cardiac function. Work within the last 5 years has revealed that SPEG has a crucial role in maintaining normal cardiac Ca2+ handling through maintenance of transverse tubule formation and phosphorylation of junctional membrane complex proteins. Additionally, SPEG has been causally impacted in human genetic diseases such as centronuclear myopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy as well as in common acquired cardiovascular disease such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Given the rapidly emerging role of SPEG as a key cardiac Ca2+ regulator, we here present this review in order to summarize recent findings regarding the mechanisms of SPEG regulation of cardiac excitation-contraction coupling in both physiology and human disease. A better understanding of the roles of SPEG will be important for a more complete comprehension of cardiac Ca2+ regulation in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Campbell
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, BCM335, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuriana Aguilar-Sanchez
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, BCM335, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ann P Quick
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, BCM335, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, BCM335, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Institute of Pharmacology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, BCM335, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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46
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A Novel Recessive Mutation in SPEG Causes Early Onset Dilated Cardiomyopathy. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009000. [PMID: 32925938 PMCID: PMC7571691 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cause of heart failure and sudden cardiac death. It has been estimated that up to half of DCM cases are hereditary. Mutations in more than 50 genes, primarily autosomal dominant, have been reported. Although rare, recessive mutations are thought to contribute considerably to DCM, especially in young children. Here we identified a novel recessive mutation in the striated muscle enriched protein kinase (SPEG, p. E1680K) gene in a family with nonsyndromic, early onset DCM. To ascertain the pathogenicity of this mutation, we generated SPEG E1680K homozygous mutant human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. Functional studies in mutant iPSC-CMs showed aberrant calcium homeostasis, impaired contractility, and sarcomeric disorganization, recapitulating the hallmarks of DCM. By combining genetic analysis with human iPSCs, genome editing, and functional assays, we identified SPEG E1680K as a novel mutation associated with early onset DCM and provide evidence for its pathogenicity in vitro. Our study provides a conceptual paradigm for establishing genotype-phenotype associations in DCM with autosomal recessive inheritance.
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47
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Li Q, Lin J, Rosen SM, Zhang T, Kazerounian S, Luo S, Agrawal PB. Striated Preferentially Expressed Protein Kinase (SPEG)-Deficient Skeletal Muscles Display Fewer Satellite Cells with Reduced Proliferation and Delayed Differentiation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:2453-2463. [PMID: 32919980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Centronuclear myopathies (CNMs) are a subtype of congenital myopathies characterized by skeletal muscle weakness and an increase in the number of central myonuclei. SPEG (striated preferentially expressed protein kinase) has been identified as the sixth gene associated with CNM, and it has been shown that striated muscle-specific Speg-knockout (KO) mice have defective triad formation, abnormal excitation-contraction coupling, and calcium mishandling. The impact of SPEG deficiency on the survival and function of myogenic cells remains to be deciphered. In this study, the authors examined the overall population, proliferation, and differentiation of myogenic cells obtained from striated muscle-specific Speg-KO mice and compared them with wild-type (WT) controls. SPEG-deficient skeletal muscles contained fewer myogenic cells, which on further study demonstrated reduced proliferation and delayed differentiation compared with those from WT muscles. Regenerative response to skeletal muscle injury in Speg-KO mice was compared with that of WT mice, leading to the identification of similar abnormalities including fewer satellite cells, fewer dividing cells, and an increase in apoptotic cells in KO mice. Overall, these results reveal specific abnormalities in myogenic cell number and behavior associated with SPEG deficiency. Similar satellite cell defects have been reported in mouse models of MTM1- and DNM2-associated CNM, suggestive of shared underlying pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Li
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jasmine Lin
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Samantha M Rosen
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tian Zhang
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shideh Kazerounian
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shiyu Luo
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pankaj B Agrawal
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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48
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Campbell HM, Quick AP, Abu-Taha I, Chiang DY, Kramm CF, Word TA, Brandenburg S, Hulsurkar M, Alsina KM, Liu HB, Martin B, Uhlenkamp D, Moore OM, Lahiri SK, Corradini E, Kamler M, Heck AJR, Lehnart SE, Dobrev D, Wehrens XHT. Loss of SPEG Inhibitory Phosphorylation of Ryanodine Receptor Type-2 Promotes Atrial Fibrillation. Circulation 2020; 142:1159-1172. [PMID: 32683896 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.045791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhanced diastolic calcium (Ca2+) release through ryanodine receptor type-2 (RyR2) has been implicated in atrial fibrillation (AF) promotion. Diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak is caused by increased RyR2 phosphorylation by PKA (protein kinase A) or CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase-II) phosphorylation, or less dephosphorylation by protein phosphatases. However, considerable controversy remains regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying altered RyR2 function in AF. We thus aimed to determine the role of SPEG (striated muscle preferentially expressed protein kinase), a novel regulator of RyR2 phosphorylation, in AF pathogenesis. METHODS Western blotting was performed with right atrial biopsies from patients with paroxysmal AF. SPEG atrial knockout mice were generated using adeno-associated virus 9. In mice, AF inducibility was determined using intracardiac programmed electric stimulation, and diastolic Ca2+ leak in atrial cardiomyocytes was assessed using confocal Ca2+ imaging. Phosphoproteomics studies and Western blotting were used to measure RyR2 phosphorylation. To test the effects of RyR2-S2367 phosphorylation, knockin mice with an inactivated S2367 phosphorylation site (S2367A) and a constitutively activated S2367 residue (S2367D) were generated by using CRISPR-Cas9. RESULTS Western blotting revealed decreased SPEG protein levels in atrial biopsies from patients with paroxysmal AF in comparison with patients in sinus rhythm. SPEG atrial-specific knockout mice exhibited increased susceptibility to pacing-induced AF by programmed electric stimulation and enhanced Ca2+ spark frequency in atrial cardiomyocytes with Ca2+ imaging, establishing a causal role for decreased SPEG in AF pathogenesis. Phosphoproteomics in hearts from SPEG cardiomyocyte knockout mice identified RyR2-S2367 as a novel kinase substrate of SPEG. Western blotting demonstrated that RyR2-S2367 phosphorylation was also decreased in patients with paroxysmal AF. RyR2-S2367A mice exhibited an increased susceptibility to pacing-induced AF, and aberrant atrial sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak, as well. In contrast, RyR2-S2367D mice were resistant to pacing-induced AF. CONCLUSIONS Unlike other kinases (PKA, CaMKII) that increase RyR2 activity, SPEG phosphorylation reduces RyR2-mediated sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release. Reduced SPEG levels and RyR2-S2367 phosphorylation typified patients with paroxysmal AF. Studies in S2367 knockin mouse models showed a causal relationship between reduced S2367 phosphorylation and AF susceptibility. Thus, modulating SPEG activity and phosphorylation levels of the novel S2367 site on RyR2 may represent a novel target for AF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Campbell
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.M.A., H.-L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Ann P Quick
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.M.A., H.-L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Issam Abu-Taha
- Institute of Pharmacology (I.A.-T., D.D.), University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - David Y Chiang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.M.A., H.-L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.Y.C.)
| | - Carlos F Kramm
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Tarah A Word
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.M.A., H.-L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Sören Brandenburg
- Heart Research Center Göttingen, Department of Cardiology & Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (S.B., D.U., S.E.L.)
| | - Mohit Hulsurkar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.M.A., H.-L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Katherina M Alsina
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.M.A., H.-L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Hui-Bin Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.M.A., H.-L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China (H.-B.L.)
| | - Brian Martin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.M.A., H.-L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Dennis Uhlenkamp
- Institute of Pharmacology (I.A.-T., D.D.), University Duisburg-Essen, Germany.,Heart Research Center Göttingen, Department of Cardiology & Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (S.B., D.U., S.E.L.)
| | - Oliver M Moore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Neuroscience (O.M.M., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Satadru K Lahiri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Eleonora Corradini
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, The Netherlands (E.C., A.J.R.H.)
| | - Markus Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Huttrop (M.K.), University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, The Netherlands (E.C., A.J.R.H.)
| | - Stephan E Lehnart
- Heart Research Center Göttingen, Department of Cardiology & Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany (S.B., D.U., S.E.L.)
| | | | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., C.F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.MA., H.-B.L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics (H.M.C., A.P.Q., D.Y.C., F.K., T.A.W., M.H., K.M.A., H.-L., B.M., O.M.M., S.K.L., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Neuroscience (O.M.M., X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Department of Pediatrics (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.,Center for Space Medicine (X.H.T.W.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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49
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Grogan A, Tsakiroglou P, Kontrogianni-Konstantopoulos A. Double the trouble: giant proteins with dual kinase activity in the heart. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:1019-1029. [PMID: 32638332 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00715-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obscurin and its homolog, striated muscle preferentially expressed gene (SPEG), constitute a unique group of proteins abundantly expressed in striated muscles that contain two tandemly arranged MLCK-like kinases. The physiological significance of the dual kinase motifs is largely understudied; however, a collection of recent studies characterizing their binding interactions, putative targets, and disease-linked mutations have begun to shed light on their potential roles in muscle pathophysiology. Specifically, obscurin kinase 1 is proposed to regulate cardiomyocyte adhesion via phosphorylating N-cadherin, whereas SPEG kinases 1 and 2 regulate Ca2+ cycling by phosphorylating junctophilin-2 and the sarcoendoplasmic Ca2+ ATPase 2 (SERCA2). Herein, we review what is currently known regarding the potential substrates, physiological roles, and disease associations of obscurin and SPEG tandem kinase domains and provide future directions that have yet to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Grogan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Panagiotis Tsakiroglou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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50
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A Region of UNC-89 (Obscurin) Lying between Two Protein Kinase Domains Is a Highly Elastic Spring Required for Proper Sarcomere Organization. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:4799-4814. [PMID: 32645312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In Caenorhabditis elegans, unc-89 encodes a set of giant multi-domain proteins (up 8081 residues) localized to the M-lines of muscle sarcomeres and required for normal sarcomere organization and whole-animal locomotion. Multiple UNC-89 isoforms contain two protein kinase domains. There is conservation in arrangement of domains between UNC-89 and its two mammalian homologs, obscurin and SPEG: kinase, a non-domain region of 647-742 residues, Ig domain, Fn3 domain and a second kinase domain. In all three proteins, this non-domain "interkinase region" has low sequence complexity, has high proline content, and lacks predicted secondary structure. We report that a major portion of this interkinase (571 residues out of 647 residues) when examined by single molecule force spectroscopy in vitro displays the properties of a random coil and acts as an entropic spring. We used CRISPR/Cas9 to create nematodes carrying an in-frame deletion of the same 571-residue portion of the interkinase. These animals display severe disorganization of all portions of the sarcomere in body wall muscle. Super-resolution microscopy reveals extra, short-A-bands lying close to the outer muscle cell membrane and between normally spaced A-bands. Nematodes with this in-frame deletion show defective locomotion and muscle force generation. We designed our CRISPR-generatedin-frame deletion to contain an HA tag at the N terminus of the large UNC-89 isoforms. This HA tag results in normal organization of body wall muscle, but approximately half the normal levels of the giant UNC-89 isoforms, dis-organization of pharyngeal muscle, small body size, and reduced muscle force, likely due to poor nutritional uptake.
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