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Benarroch E. What Is the Role of Nuclear Envelope Proteins in Neurologic Disorders? Neurology 2024; 102:e209202. [PMID: 38330281 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
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Mestres I, Atabay A, Escolano JC, Arndt S, Schmidtke K, Einsiedel M, Patsonis M, Bolaños-Castro LA, Yun M, Bernhardt N, Taubenberger A, Calegari F. Manipulation of the nuclear envelope-associated protein SLAP during mammalian brain development affects cortical lamination and exploratory behavior. Biol Open 2024; 13:bio060359. [PMID: 38466184 PMCID: PMC10958201 DOI: 10.1242/bio.060359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the first characterization of the effects resulting from the manipulation of Soluble-Lamin Associated Protein (SLAP) expression during mammalian brain development. We found that SLAP localizes to the nuclear envelope and when overexpressed causes changes in nuclear morphology and lengthening of mitosis. SLAP overexpression in apical progenitors of the developing mouse brain altered asymmetric cell division, neurogenic commitment and neuronal migration ultimately resulting in unbalance in the proportion of upper, relative to deeper, neuronal layers. Several of these effects were also recapitulated upon Cas9-mediated knockdown. Ultimately, SLAP overexpression during development resulted in a reduction in subcortical projections of young mice and, notably, reduced their exploratory behavior. Our study shows the potential relevance of the previously uncharacterized nuclear envelope protein SLAP in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mestres
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Azra Atabay
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Joan-Carles Escolano
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Solveig Arndt
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Klara Schmidtke
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maximilian Einsiedel
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Melina Patsonis
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lizbeth Airais Bolaños-Castro
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maximina Yun
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nadine Bernhardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Anna Taubenberger
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Federico Calegari
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Neri I, Ramazzotti G, Mongiorgi S, Rusciano I, Bugiani M, Conti L, Cousin M, Giorgio E, Padiath QS, Vaula G, Cortelli P, Manzoli L, Ratti S. Understanding the Ultra-Rare Disease Autosomal Dominant Leukodystrophy: an Updated Review on Morpho-Functional Alterations Found in Experimental Models. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6362-6372. [PMID: 37450245 PMCID: PMC10533580 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03461-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant leukodystrophy (ADLD) is an ultra-rare, slowly progressive, and fatal neurodegenerative disorder associated with the loss of white matter in the central nervous system (CNS). Several years after its first clinical description, ADLD was found to be caused by coding and non-coding variants in the LMNB1 gene that cause its overexpression in at least the brain of patients. LMNB1 encodes for Lamin B1, a protein of the nuclear lamina. Lamin B1 regulates many cellular processes such as DNA replication, chromatin organization, and senescence. However, its functions have not been fully characterized yet. Nevertheless, Lamin B1 together with the other lamins that constitute the nuclear lamina has firstly the key role of maintaining the nuclear structure. Being the nucleus a dynamic system subject to both biochemical and mechanical regulation, it is conceivable that changes to its structural homeostasis might translate into functional alterations. Under this light, this review aims at describing the pieces of evidence that to date have been obtained regarding the effects of LMNB1 overexpression on cellular morphology and functionality. Moreover, we suggest that further investigation on ADLD morpho-functional consequences is essential to better understand this complex disease and, possibly, other neurological disorders affecting CNS myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Neri
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Anatomy Centre, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Ramazzotti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Anatomy Centre, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Mongiorgi
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Anatomy Centre, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Isabella Rusciano
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Anatomy Centre, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marianna Bugiani
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit and Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1105, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luciano Conti
- Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), Università Degli Studi Di Trento, 38123, Povo-Trento, Italy
| | - Margot Cousin
- Center for Individualized Medicine and Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Elisa Giorgio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Quasar S Padiath
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Giovanna Vaula
- Department of Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Pietro Cortelli
- IRCCS, Istituto Di Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, 40139, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 , Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Manzoli
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Anatomy Centre, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Ratti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Anatomy Centre, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
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4
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Murray A, Gough G, Cindrić A, Vučković F, Koschut D, Borelli V, Petrović DJ, Bekavac A, Plećaš A, Hribljan V, Brunmeir R, Jurić J, Pučić-Baković M, Slana A, Deriš H, Frkatović A, Groet J, O'Brien NL, Chen HY, Yeap YJ, Delom F, Havlicek S, Gammon L, Hamburg S, Startin C, D'Souza H, Mitrečić D, Kero M, Odak L, Krušlin B, Krsnik Ž, Kostović I, Foo JN, Loh YH, Dunn NR, de la Luna S, Spector T, Barišić I, Thomas MSC, Strydom A, Franceschi C, Lauc G, Krištić J, Alić I, Nižetić D. Dose imbalance of DYRK1A kinase causes systemic progeroid status in Down syndrome by increasing the un-repaired DNA damage and reducing LaminB1 levels. EBioMedicine 2023; 94:104692. [PMID: 37451904 PMCID: PMC10435767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with Down syndrome (DS) show clinical signs of accelerated ageing. Causative mechanisms remain unknown and hypotheses range from the (essentially untreatable) amplified-chromosomal-instability explanation, to potential actions of individual supernumerary chromosome-21 genes. The latter explanation could open a route to therapeutic amelioration if the specific over-acting genes could be identified and their action toned-down. METHODS Biological age was estimated through patterns of sugar molecules attached to plasma immunoglobulin-G (IgG-glycans, an established "biological-ageing-clock") in n = 246 individuals with DS from three European populations, clinically characterised for the presence of co-morbidities, and compared to n = 256 age-, sex- and demography-matched healthy controls. Isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs) models of full and partial trisomy-21 with CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing and two kinase inhibitors were studied prior and after differentiation to cerebral organoids. FINDINGS Biological age in adults with DS is (on average) 18.4-19.1 years older than in chronological-age-matched controls independent of co-morbidities, and this shift remains constant throughout lifespan. Changes are detectable from early childhood, and do not require a supernumerary chromosome, but are seen in segmental duplication of only 31 genes, along with increased DNA damage and decreased levels of LaminB1 in nucleated blood cells. We demonstrate that these cell-autonomous phenotypes can be gene-dose-modelled and pharmacologically corrected in hiPSCs and derived cerebral organoids. Using isogenic hiPSC models we show that chromosome-21 gene DYRK1A overdose is sufficient and necessary to cause excess unrepaired DNA damage. INTERPRETATION Explanation of hitherto observed accelerated ageing in DS as a developmental progeroid syndrome driven by DYRK1A overdose provides a target for early pharmacological preventative intervention strategies. FUNDING Main funding came from the "Research Cooperability" Program of the Croatian Science Foundation funded by the European Union from the European Social Fund under the Operational Programme Efficient Human Resources 2014-2020, Project PZS-2019-02-4277, and the Wellcome Trust Grants 098330/Z/12/Z and 217199/Z/19/Z (UK). All other funding is described in details in the "Acknowledgements".
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Murray
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK.
| | - Gillian Gough
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Ana Cindrić
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Frano Vučković
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - David Koschut
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Disease Intervention Technology Laboratory (DITL), Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore
| | - Vincenzo Borelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Dražen J Petrović
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia; Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Bekavac
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ante Plećaš
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valentina Hribljan
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Reinhard Brunmeir
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Julija Jurić
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Anita Slana
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Helena Deriš
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Azra Frkatović
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jűrgen Groet
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK
| | - Niamh L O'Brien
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK
| | - Hong Yu Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A∗STAR, Singapore
| | - Yee Jie Yeap
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Frederic Delom
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Steven Havlicek
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A∗STAR, Singapore
| | - Luke Gammon
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Hamburg
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK
| | - Carla Startin
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK; School of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Hana D'Souza
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK; Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Dinko Mitrečić
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mijana Kero
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Centre of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ljubica Odak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Centre of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Božo Krušlin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željka Krsnik
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Kostović
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jia Nee Foo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A∗STAR, Singapore
| | - Yuin-Han Loh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A∗STAR, Singapore
| | - Norris Ray Dunn
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A∗STAR, Singapore
| | - Susana de la Luna
- ICREA, Genome Biology Programme (CRG), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBER of Rare Diseases, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tim Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ingeborg Barišić
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Centre of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Michael S C Thomas
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK; Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Andre Strydom
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy; Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod 603022, Russia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ivan Alić
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Dean Nižetić
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), London, UK; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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Pande S, Ghosh DK. Nuclear proteostasis imbalance in laminopathy-associated premature aging diseases. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23116. [PMID: 37498235 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300878r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Laminopathies are a group of rare genetic disorders with heterogeneous clinical phenotypes such as premature aging, cardiomyopathy, lipodystrophy, muscular dystrophy, microcephaly, epilepsy, and so on. The cellular phenomena associated with laminopathy invariably show disruption of nucleoskeleton of lamina due to deregulated expression, localization, function, and interaction of mutant lamin proteins. Impaired spatial and temporal tethering of lamin proteins to the lamina or nucleoplasmic aggregation of lamins are the primary molecular events that can trigger nuclear proteotoxicity by modulating differential protein-protein interactions, sequestering quality control proteins, and initiating a cascade of abnormal post-translational modifications. Clearly, laminopathic cells exhibit moderate to high nuclear proteotoxicity, raising the question of whether an imbalance in nuclear proteostasis is involved in laminopathic diseases, particularly in diseases of early aging such as HGPS and laminopathy-associated premature aging. Here, we review nuclear proteostasis and its deregulation in the context of lamin proteins and laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Pande
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Debasish Kumar Ghosh
- Enteric Disease Division, Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Farcy S, Hachour H, Bahi-Buisson N, Passemard S. Genetic Primary Microcephalies: When Centrosome Dysfunction Dictates Brain and Body Size. Cells 2023; 12:1807. [PMID: 37443841 PMCID: PMC10340463 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary microcephalies (PMs) are defects in brain growth that are detectable at or before birth and are responsible for neurodevelopmental disorders. Most are caused by biallelic or, more rarely, dominant mutations in one of the likely hundreds of genes encoding PM proteins, i.e., ubiquitous centrosome or microtubule-associated proteins required for the division of neural progenitor cells in the embryonic brain. Here, we provide an overview of the different types of PMs, i.e., isolated PMs with or without malformations of cortical development and PMs associated with short stature (microcephalic dwarfism) or sensorineural disorders. We present an overview of the genetic, developmental, neurological, and cognitive aspects characterizing the most representative PMs. The analysis of phenotypic similarities and differences among patients has led scientists to elucidate the roles of these PM proteins in humans. Phenotypic similarities indicate possible redundant functions of a few of these proteins, such as ASPM and WDR62, which play roles only in determining brain size and structure. However, the protein pericentrin (PCNT) is equally required for determining brain and body size. Other PM proteins perform both functions, albeit to different degrees. Finally, by comparing phenotypes, we considered the interrelationships among these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Farcy
- UMR144, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France;
- Inserm UMR-S 1163, Institut Imagine, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Hassina Hachour
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, DMU INOV-RDB, APHP, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France;
| | - Nadia Bahi-Buisson
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, DMU MICADO, APHP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France;
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm UMR-S 1163, Institut Imagine, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Passemard
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, DMU INOV-RDB, APHP, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France;
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm UMR 1141, NeuroDiderot, 75019 Paris, France
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Dong J, Ru Y, Zhai L, Gao Y, Guo X, Chen B, Lv X. LMNB1 deletion in ovarian cancer inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells through PI3K/Akt pathway. Exp Cell Res 2023; 426:113573. [PMID: 37003558 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common malignant tumor in gynecology. LMNB1 is an important component of the nuclear skeleton. The expression of LMNB1 in ovarian cancer is significantly higher than that in normal tissues, but its role in tumor still needs comprehensive investigation. In this study, we overexpressed and knocked down LMNB1 in ovarian cancer cells and explore the effect of LMNB1 on the cell proliferation, migration and the underlying mechanism. We analyzed the expression levels of LMNB1 in ovarian cancer and their clinical relevance by using bioinformatics methods, qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. To state the effect and mechanism of LMNB1 on OC in vitro and in vivo, we performed mouse xenograft studies, CCK8, cloning formation, Edu incorporation, wound healing, transwell and flow cytometry assay in stable LMNB1 knockdown OC cells, following by RNA-seq. Overexpression of LMNB1 indicates the progression of OC. LMNB1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and migration of OC cells by suppressing the FGF1-mediated PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Our study shows LMNB1 as a novel prognostic factor and therapeutic target in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Dong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Yi Ru
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lianghao Zhai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yunge Gao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Endoscopic Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army 986th Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China.
| | - Biliang Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Xiaohui Lv
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Asif M, Abdullah U, Nürnberg P, Tinschert S, Hussain MS. Congenital Microcephaly: A Debate on Diagnostic Challenges and Etiological Paradigm of the Shift from Isolated/Non-Syndromic to Syndromic Microcephaly. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040642. [PMID: 36831309 PMCID: PMC9954724 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital microcephaly (CM) exhibits broad clinical and genetic heterogeneity and is thus categorized into several subtypes. However, the recent bloom of disease-gene discoveries has revealed more overlaps than differences in the underlying genetic architecture for these clinical sub-categories, complicating the differential diagnosis. Moreover, the mechanism of the paradigm shift from a brain-restricted to a multi-organ phenotype is only vaguely understood. This review article highlights the critical factors considered while defining CM subtypes. It also presents possible arguments on long-standing questions of the brain-specific nature of CM caused by a dysfunction of the ubiquitously expressed proteins. We argue that brain-specific splicing events and organ-restricted protein expression may contribute in part to disparate clinical manifestations. We also highlight the role of genetic modifiers and de novo variants in the multi-organ phenotype of CM and emphasize their consideration in molecular characterization. This review thus attempts to expand our understanding of the phenotypic and etiological variability in CM and invites the development of more comprehensive guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Asif
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Uzma Abdullah
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (UIBB), PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sigrid Tinschert
- Zentrum Medizinische Genetik, Medizinische Universität, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Muhammad Sajid Hussain
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Wesley CC, Levy DL. Differentiation-dependent changes in lamin B1 dynamics and lamin B receptor localization. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar10. [PMID: 36598800 PMCID: PMC9930530 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-04-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear lamina serves important roles in chromatin organization and structural support, and lamina mutations can result in laminopathies. Less is known about how nuclear lamina structure changes during cellular differentiation-changes that may influence gene regulation. We examined the structure and dynamics of the nuclear lamina in human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and differentiated germ layer cells, focusing on lamin B1. We report that lamin B1 dynamics generally increase as iPSCs differentiate, especially in mesoderm and ectoderm, and that lamin B receptor (LBR) partially redistributes from the nucleus to cytoplasm in mesoderm. Knocking down LBR in iPSCs led to an increase in lamin B1 dynamics, a change that was not observed for ELYS, emerin, or lamin B2 knockdown. LBR knockdown also affected expression of differentiation markers. These data suggest that differentiation-dependent tethering of lamin B1 either directly by LBR or indirectly via LBR-chromatin associations impacts gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase C. Wesley
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071
| | - Daniel L. Levy
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071,*Address correspondence to: Daniel L. Levy ()
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10
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Halfmeyer I, Bartolomaeus T, Popp B, Radtke M, Helms T, Hentschel J, Popp D, Jamra RA. Approach to Cohort-Wide Re-Analysis of Exome Data in 1000 Individuals with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:genes14010030. [PMID: 36672771 PMCID: PMC9858523 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The re-analysis of nondiagnostic exome sequencing (ES) has the potential to increase diagnostic yields in individuals with rare diseases, but its implementation in the daily routines of laboratories is limited due to restricted capacities. Here, we describe a systematic approach to re-analyse the ES data of a cohort consisting of 1040 diagnostic and nondiagnostic samples. We applied a strict filter cascade to reveal the most promising single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) of the whole cohort, which led to an average of 0.77 variants per individual that had to be manually evaluated. This variant set revealed seven novel diagnoses (0.8% of all nondiagnostic cases) and two secondary findings. Thirteen additional variants were identified by a scientific approach prior to this re-analysis and were also present in this variant set. This resulted in a total increase in the diagnostic yield of 2.3%. The filter cascade was optimised during the course of the study and finally resulted in sensitivity of 85%. After applying the filter cascade, our re-analysis took 20 h and enabled a workflow that can be used repeatedly. This work is intended to provide a practical recommendation for other laboratories wishing to introduce a resource-efficient re-analysis strategy into their clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insa Halfmeyer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Bartolomaeus
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernt Popp
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Center of Functional Genomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hessische Straße 4A, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Radtke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Helms
- Limbus Medical Technologies GmbH, Neuer Markt 9/10, 18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - Julia Hentschel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Denny Popp
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence:
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11
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Kim J, Lee S, Lee J, Park JC, Kim KH, Ko JM, Park SH, Kim SK, Mook-Jung I, Lee JY. Neurotoxicity of phenylalanine on human iPSC-derived cerebral organoids. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 136:132-144. [PMID: 35562278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a common genetic metabolic disorder that causes phenylalanine accumulation in the blood. The most serious symptoms are related to the brain, as intellectual disability, seizure, and microcephaly are commonly found in poorly treated PKU patients and the babies of maternal PKU. However, the mechanism of hyperphenylalaninemia on human neurodevelopment is still unclear. Here we utilized human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cerebral organoids to investigate the neurotoxicity of hyperphenylalaninemia. Cerebral organoids at days 40 or 100 were treated with different concentrations of phenylalanine for 5 days. After phenylalanine treatments, the cerebral organoids displayed alterations in organoid size, induction of apoptosis, and depletion of neural progenitor cells. However, phenylalanine did not have an impact on neurons and glia, including astrocytes, immature oligodendrocytes, and mature oligodendrocytes. Remarkably, a reduction in the thickness of the cortical rosettes and a decrease in myelination at the intermediate zone were inspected with the elevated phenylalanine concentrations. RNA-seq of phenylalanine-treated organoids revealed that gene sets related to apoptosis, p53 signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway via NF-kB were enriched in upregulated genes, while those related to cell cycle and amino acid metabolism were enriched in downregulated genes. In addition, there were several microcephaly disease genes, such as ASPM, LMNB1, and CENPE, ranked at the top of the downregulated genes. These findings indicate that phenylalanine exposure may contribute to microcephaly, abnormal cortical expansion, and myelination lesions in the developing human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Kim
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungbok Lee
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemeun Lee
- R&D Center for Advanced Pharmaceuticals & Evaluation, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Korea Dementia Research Center (KDRC), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Kyung Hyun Kim
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hyun Park
- R&D Center for Advanced Pharmaceuticals & Evaluation, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kim
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Korea Dementia Research Center (KDRC), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeoun Lee
- Neural Development and Anomaly Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Reilly A, Philip Creamer J, Stewart S, Stolla MC, Wang Y, Du J, Wellington R, Busch S, Estey EH, Becker PS, Fang M, Keel SB, Abkowitz JL, Soma LA, Ma J, Duan Z, Doulatov S. Lamin B1 deletion in myeloid neoplasms causes nuclear anomaly and altered hematopoietic stem cell function. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:577-592.e8. [PMID: 35278369 PMCID: PMC9018112 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal nuclear morphology is a hallmark of malignant cells widely used in cancer diagnosis. Pelger-Huët anomaly (PHA) is a common abnormality of neutrophil nuclear morphology of unknown molecular etiology in myeloid neoplasms (MNs). We show that loss of nuclear lamin B1 (LMNB1) encoded on chromosome 5q, which is frequently deleted in MNs, induces defects in nuclear morphology and human hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function associated with malignancy. LMNB1 deficiency alters genome organization inducing in vitro and in vivo expansion of HSCs, myeloid-biased differentiation with impaired lymphoid commitment, and genome instability due to defective DNA damage repair. Nuclear dysmorphology of neutrophils in patients with MNs is associated with 5q deletions spanning the LMNB1 locus, and lamin B1 loss is both necessary and sufficient to cause PHA in normal and 5q-deleted neutrophils. LMNB1 loss thus causes acquired PHA and links abnormal nuclear morphology with HSCs and progenitor cell fate determination via genome organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Reilly
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - J Philip Creamer
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sintra Stewart
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Massiel C Stolla
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jing Du
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rachel Wellington
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Stephanie Busch
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Elihu H Estey
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Pamela S Becker
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Clinical Transplant Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Siobán B Keel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Janis L Abkowitz
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lorinda A Soma
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jian Ma
- Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Zhijun Duan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sergei Doulatov
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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13
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Evangelisti C, Rusciano I, Mongiorgi S, Ramazzotti G, Lattanzi G, Manzoli L, Cocco L, Ratti S. The wide and growing range of lamin B-related diseases: from laminopathies to cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:126. [PMID: 35132494 PMCID: PMC8821503 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
B-type lamins are fundamental components of the nuclear lamina, a complex structure that acts as a scaffold for organization and function of the nucleus. Lamin B1 and B2, the most represented isoforms, are encoded by LMNB1 and LMNB2 gene, respectively. All B-type lamins are synthesized as precursors and undergo sequential post-translational modifications to generate the mature protein. B-type lamins are involved in a wide range of nuclear functions, including DNA replication and repair, regulation of chromatin and nuclear stiffness. Moreover, lamins B1 and B2 regulate several cellular processes, such as tissue development, cell cycle, cellular proliferation, senescence, and DNA damage response. During embryogenesis, B-type lamins are essential for organogenesis, in particular for brain development. As expected from the numerous and pivotal functions of B-type lamins, mutations in their genes or fluctuations in their expression levels are critical for the onset of several diseases. Indeed, a growing range of human disorders have been linked to lamin B1 or B2, increasing the complexity of the group of diseases collectively known as laminopathies. This review highlights the recent findings on the biological role of B-type lamins under physiological or pathological conditions, with a particular emphasis on brain disorders and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Evangelisti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Isabella Rusciano
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Mongiorgi
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Ramazzotti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Manzoli
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Stefano Ratti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Abstract
The nuclear envelope is composed of the nuclear membranes, nuclear lamina, and nuclear pore complexes. Laminopathies are diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding protein components of the lamina and these other nuclear envelope substructures. Mutations in the single gene encoding lamin A and C, which are expressed in most differentiated somatic cells, cause diseases affecting striated muscle, adipose tissue, peripheral nerve, and multiple systems with features of accelerated aging. Mutations in genes encoding other nuclear envelope proteins also cause an array of diseases that selectively affect different tissues or organs. In some instances, the molecular and cellular consequences of laminopathy-causing mutations are known. However, even when these are understood, mechanisms explaining specific tissue or organ pathology remain enigmatic. Current mechanistic hypotheses focus on how alterations in the nuclear envelope may affect gene expression, including via the regulation of signaling pathways, or cellular mechanics, including responses to mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Shin
- Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Howard J. Worman
- Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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15
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Zaqout S, Kaindl AM. Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly: Not Just a Small Brain. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:784700. [PMID: 35111754 PMCID: PMC8802810 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.784700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microcephaly or reduced head circumference results from a multitude of abnormal developmental processes affecting brain growth and/or leading to brain atrophy. Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is the prototype of isolated primary (congenital) microcephaly, affecting predominantly the cerebral cortex. For MCPH, an accelerating number of mutated genes emerge annually, and they are involved in crucial steps of neurogenesis. In this review article, we provide a deeper look into the microcephalic MCPH brain. We explore cytoarchitecture focusing on the cerebral cortex and discuss diverse processes occurring at the level of neural progenitors, early generated and mature neurons, and glial cells. We aim to thereby give an overview of current knowledge in MCPH phenotype and normal brain growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Zaqout
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Angela M. Kaindl
- Institute of Cell and Neurobiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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16
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Mukherjee C, Sengupta D, Maganti L, Mahendar M, Bhattacharyya D, Sengupta K. Slower diffusion and anomalous association of R453W lamin A protein alter nuclear architecture in AD-EDMD. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32129-32141. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05620h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the microdynamics landscape of Ig fold R453W modulate the mobility and assembly of full length lamin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrayee Mukherjee
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, A CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Duhita Sengupta
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, A CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Lakshmi Maganti
- Computational Science Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, A CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - M. Mahendar
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, A CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Dhananjay Bhattacharyya
- Computational Science Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, A CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Kaushik Sengupta
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, A CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, West Bengal, India
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17
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Abstract
In this review, Phan et al. discuss the different models that have been proposed to explain how centrosome dysfunction impairs cortical development, and review the evidence supporting a unified model in which centrosome defects reduce cell proliferation in the developing cortex by prolonging mitosis and activating a mitotic surveillance pathway. Last, they also extend their discussion to centrosome-independent microcephaly mutations, such as those involved in DNA replication and repair Primary microcephaly is a brain growth disorder characterized by a severe reduction of brain size and thinning of the cerebral cortex. Many primary microcephaly mutations occur in genes that encode centrosome proteins, highlighting an important role for centrosomes in cortical development. Centrosomes are microtubule organizing centers that participate in several processes, including controlling polarity, catalyzing spindle assembly in mitosis, and building primary cilia. Understanding which of these processes are altered and how these disruptions contribute to microcephaly pathogenesis is a central unresolved question. In this review, we revisit the different models that have been proposed to explain how centrosome dysfunction impairs cortical development. We review the evidence supporting a unified model in which centrosome defects reduce cell proliferation in the developing cortex by prolonging mitosis and activating a mitotic surveillance pathway. Finally, we also extend our discussion to centrosome-independent microcephaly mutations, such as those involved in DNA replication and repair.
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18
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Royer-Bertrand B, Jequier Gygax M, Cisarova K, Rosenfeld JA, Bassetti JA, Moldovan O, O’Heir E, Burrage LC, Allen J, Emrick LT, Eastman E, Kumps C, Abbas S, Van Winckel G, Chabane N, Zackai EH, Lebon S, Keena B, Bhoj EJ, Umair M, Li D, Donald KA, Superti-Furga A. De novo variants in CACNA1E found in patients with intellectual disability, developmental regression and social cognition deficit but no seizures. Mol Autism 2021; 12:69. [PMID: 34702355 PMCID: PMC8547031 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-021-00473-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND De novo variants in the voltage-gated calcium channel subunit α1 E gene (CACNA1E) have been described as causative of epileptic encephalopathy with contractures, macrocephaly and dyskinesias. METHODS Following the observation of an index patient with developmental delay and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) without seizures who had a de novo deleterious CACNA1E variant, we screened GeneMatcher for other individuals with CACNA1E variants and neurodevelopmental phenotypes without epilepsy. The spectrum of pathogenic CACNA1E variants was compared to the mutational landscape of variants in the gnomAD control population database. RESULTS We identified seven unrelated individuals with intellectual disability, developmental regression and ASD-like behavioral profile, and notably without epilepsy, who had de novo heterozygous putatively pathogenic variants in CACNA1E. Age of onset of clinical manifestation, presence or absence of regression and degree of severity were variable, and no clear-cut genotype-phenotype association could be recognized. The analysis of disease-associated variants and their comparison to benign variants from the control population allowed for the identification of regions in the CACNA1E protein that seem to be intolerant to substitutions and thus more likely to harbor pathogenic variants. As in a few reported cases with CACNA1E variants and epilepsy, one patient showed a positive clinical behavioral response to topiramate, a specific calcium channel modulator. LIMITATIONS The significance of our study is limited by the absence of functional experiments of the effect of identified variants, the small sample size and the lack of systematic ASD assessment in all participants. Moreover, topiramate was given to one patient only and for a short period of time. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that CACNA1E variants may result in neurodevelopmental disorders without epilepsy and expand the mutational and phenotypic spectrum of this gene. CACNA1E deserves to be included in gene panels for non-specific developmental disorders, including ASD, and not limited to patients with seizures, to improve diagnostic recognition and explore the possible efficacy of topiramate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beryl Royer-Bertrand
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marine Jequier Gygax
- Division of Autistic Spectrum Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katarina Cisarova
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jill A. Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Jennifer A. Bassetti
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Oana Moldovan
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Emily O’Heir
- Center for Mendelian Genomics and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Lindsay C. Burrage
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Jake Allen
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Lisa T. Emrick
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Emma Eastman
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Camille Kumps
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Safdar Abbas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Geraldine Van Winckel
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Undiagnosed Diseases Network
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Division of Autistic Spectrum Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center for Mendelian Genomics and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Unit of Paediatric Neurology and Pediatric Neurorehabiliation, Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nadia Chabane
- Division of Autistic Spectrum Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elaine H. Zackai
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Sebastien Lebon
- Unit of Paediatric Neurology and Pediatric Neurorehabiliation, Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Beth Keena
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Bhoj
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Dong Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Kirsten A. Donald
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ovsiannikova NL, Lavrushkina SV, Ivanova AV, Mazina LM, Zhironkina OA, Kireev II. Lamin A as a Determinant of Mechanical Properties of the Cell Nucleus in Health and Disease. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1288-1300. [PMID: 34903160 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
One of the main factors associated with worse prognosis in oncology is metastasis, which is based on the ability of tumor cells to migrate from the primary source and to form secondary tumors. The search for new strategies to control migration of metastatic cells is one of the urgent issues in biomedicine. One of the strategies to stop spread of cancer cells could be regulation of the nuclear elasticity. Nucleus, as the biggest and stiffest cellular compartment, determines mechanical properties of the cell as a whole, and, hence, could prevent cell migration through the three-dimensional extracellular matrix. Nuclear rigidity is maintained by the nuclear lamina, two-dimensional network of intermediate filaments in the inner nuclear membrane (INM). Here we present the most significant factors defining nucleus rigidity, discuss the role of nuclear envelope composition in the cell migration, as well consider possible approaches to control lamina composition in order to change plasticity of the cell nucleus and ability of the tumor cells to metastasize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Ovsiannikova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Lavrushkina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Anastasia V Ivanova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Ludmila M Mazina
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Oxana A Zhironkina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - Igor I Kireev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Moscow, 117198, Russia
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20
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Ure MC, Hamilton MJ. Triplication at 5q23.1 to 31.1 including LMNB1 in a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy, scoliosis and joint contractures. Clin Dysmorphol 2021; 30:177-180. [PMID: 34417370 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mamie Curley Ure
- School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow
| | - Mark James Hamilton
- Department of Clinical Genetics, West of Scotland Centre for Genomic Medicine, Level 2A Laboratory Medicine Building, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
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21
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Pennarun G, Picotto J, Etourneaud L, Redavid AR, Certain A, Gauthier LR, Fontanilla-Ramirez P, Busso D, Chabance-Okumura C, Thézé B, Boussin FD, Bertrand P. Increase in lamin B1 promotes telomere instability by disrupting the shelterin complex in human cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:9886-9905. [PMID: 34469544 PMCID: PMC8464066 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere maintenance is essential to preserve genomic stability and involves telomere-specific proteins, DNA replication and repair proteins. Lamins are key components of the nuclear envelope and play numerous roles, including maintenance of the nuclear integrity, regulation of transcription, and DNA replication. Elevated levels of lamin B1, one of the major lamins, have been observed in some human pathologies and several cancers. Yet, the effect of lamin B1 dysregulation on telomere maintenance remains unknown. Here, we unveil that lamin B1 overexpression drives telomere instability through the disruption of the shelterin complex. Indeed, lamin B1 dysregulation leads to an increase in telomere dysfunction-induced foci, telomeric fusions and telomere losses in human cells. Telomere aberrations were preceded by mislocalizations of TRF2 and its binding partner RAP1. Interestingly, we identified new interactions between lamin B1 and these shelterin proteins, which are strongly enhanced at the nuclear periphery upon lamin B1 overexpression. Importantly, chromosomal fusions induced by lamin B1 in excess were rescued by TRF2 overexpression. These data indicated that lamin B1 overexpression triggers telomere instability through a mislocalization of TRF2. Altogether our results point to lamin B1 as a new interacting partner of TRF2, that is involved in telomere stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Pennarun
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- “DNA Repair and Ageing” Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Julien Picotto
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- “DNA Repair and Ageing” Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Laure Etourneaud
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- “DNA Repair and Ageing” Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anna-Rita Redavid
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- “DNA Repair and Ageing” Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anaïs Certain
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- “DNA Repair and Ageing” Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Laurent R Gauthier
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- “Radiopathology” Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Paula Fontanilla-Ramirez
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- “DNA Repair and Ageing” Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Didier Busso
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Genetic Engineering and Expression Platform (CIGEX), iRCM, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Caroline Chabance-Okumura
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- “DNA Repair and Ageing” Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Benoît Thézé
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- “DNA Repair and Ageing” Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - François D Boussin
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- “Radiopathology” Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Pascale Bertrand
- Université de Paris and Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- “DNA Repair and Ageing” Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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22
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Etourneaud L, Moussa A, Rass E, Genet D, Willaume S, Chabance-Okumura C, Wanschoor P, Picotto J, Thézé B, Dépagne J, Veaute X, Dizet E, Busso D, Barascu A, Irbah L, Kortulewski T, Campalans A, Le Chalony C, Zinn-Justin S, Scully R, Pennarun G, Bertrand P. Lamin B1 sequesters 53BP1 to control its recruitment to DNA damage. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabb3799. [PMID: 34452908 PMCID: PMC8397269 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb3799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are harmful lesions and a major cause of genome instability. Studies have suggested a link between the nuclear envelope and the DNA damage response. Here, we show that lamin B1, a major component of the nuclear envelope, interacts directly with 53BP1 protein, which plays a pivotal role in the DSB repair. This interaction is dissociated after DNA damage. Lamin B1 overexpression impedes 53BP1 recruitment to DNA damage sites and leads to a persistence of DNA damage, a defect in nonhomologous end joining and an increased sensitivity to DSBs. The identification of interactions domains between lamin B1 and 53BP1 allows us to demonstrate that the defect of 53BP1 recruitment and the DSB persistence upon lamin B1 overexpression are due to sequestration of 53BP1 by lamin B1. This study highlights lamin B1 as a factor controlling the recruitment of 53BP1 to DNA damage sites upon injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Etourneaud
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Angela Moussa
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Emilie Rass
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Diane Genet
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Simon Willaume
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Caroline Chabance-Okumura
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Paul Wanschoor
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Julien Picotto
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Benoît Thézé
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Jordane Dépagne
- Genetic Engineering and Expression Platform (CIGEX), iRCM, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Xavier Veaute
- Genetic Engineering and Expression Platform (CIGEX), iRCM, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Eléa Dizet
- Genetic Engineering and Expression Platform (CIGEX), iRCM, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Didier Busso
- Genetic Engineering and Expression Platform (CIGEX), iRCM, DRF, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Aurélia Barascu
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Lamya Irbah
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Imaging platform, iRCM, DRF, CEA, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Thierry Kortulewski
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "Radiopathology" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Anna Campalans
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, "Genetic Instability Research" Team, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Catherine Le Chalony
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Sophie Zinn-Justin
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Radiobiology, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ralph Scully
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gaëlle Pennarun
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
| | - Pascale Bertrand
- Université de Paris and Université Paris Saclay, INSERM, iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, UMR Stabilité Génétique, Cellules Souches et Radiations, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
- "DNA Repair and Ageing" Team, iRCM/IBFJ, DRF, CEA, France
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23
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Gauthier BR, Comaills V. Nuclear Envelope Integrity in Health and Disease: Consequences on Genome Instability and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147281. [PMID: 34298904 PMCID: PMC8307504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic nature of the nuclear envelope (NE) is often underestimated. The NE protects, regulates, and organizes the eukaryote genome and adapts to epigenetic changes and to its environment. The NE morphology is characterized by a wide range of diversity and abnormality such as invagination and blebbing, and it is a diagnostic factor for pathologies such as cancer. Recently, the micronuclei, a small nucleus that contains a full chromosome or a fragment thereof, has gained much attention. The NE of micronuclei is prone to collapse, leading to DNA release into the cytoplasm with consequences ranging from the activation of the cGAS/STING pathway, an innate immune response, to the creation of chromosomal instability. The discovery of those mechanisms has revolutionized the understanding of some inflammation-related diseases and the origin of complex chromosomal rearrangements, as observed during the initiation of tumorigenesis. Herein, we will highlight the complexity of the NE biology and discuss the clinical symptoms observed in NE-related diseases. The interplay between innate immunity, genomic instability, and nuclear envelope leakage could be a major focus in future years to explain a wide range of diseases and could lead to new classes of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit R. Gauthier
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.R.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Valentine Comaills
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.R.G.); (V.C.)
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Siskos N, Stylianopoulou E, Skavdis G, Grigoriou ME. Molecular Genetics of Microcephaly Primary Hereditary: An Overview. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11050581. [PMID: 33946187 PMCID: PMC8145766 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11050581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroCephaly Primary Hereditary (MCPH) is a rare congenital neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a significant reduction of the occipitofrontal head circumference and mild to moderate mental disability. Patients have small brains, though with overall normal architecture; therefore, studying MCPH can reveal not only the pathological mechanisms leading to this condition, but also the mechanisms operating during normal development. MCPH is genetically heterogeneous, with 27 genes listed so far in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. In this review, we discuss the role of MCPH proteins and delineate the molecular mechanisms and common pathways in which they participate.
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Willaume S, Rass E, Fontanilla-Ramirez P, Moussa A, Wanschoor P, Bertrand P. A Link between Replicative Stress, Lamin Proteins, and Inflammation. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040552. [PMID: 33918867 PMCID: PMC8070205 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-stranded breaks (DSB), the most toxic DNA lesions, are either a consequence of cellular metabolism, programmed as in during V(D)J recombination, or induced by anti-tumoral therapies or accidental genotoxic exposure. One origin of DSB sources is replicative stress, a major source of genome instability, especially when the integrity of the replication forks is not properly guaranteed. To complete stalled replication, restarting the fork requires complex molecular mechanisms, such as protection, remodeling, and processing. Recently, a link has been made between DNA damage accumulation and inflammation. Indeed, defects in DNA repair or in replication can lead to the release of DNA fragments in the cytosol. The recognition of this self-DNA by DNA sensors leads to the production of inflammatory factors. This beneficial response activating an innate immune response and destruction of cells bearing DNA damage may be considered as a novel part of DNA damage response. However, upon accumulation of DNA damage, a chronic inflammatory cellular microenvironment may lead to inflammatory pathologies, aging, and progression of tumor cells. Progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of DNA damage repair, replication stress, and cytosolic DNA production would allow to propose new therapeutical strategies against cancer or inflammatory diseases associated with aging. In this review, we describe the mechanisms involved in DSB repair, the replicative stress management, and its consequences. We also focus on new emerging links between key components of the nuclear envelope, the lamins, and DNA repair, management of replicative stress, and inflammation.
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